A tube type busbar deformation monitoring method, device, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

This invention discloses a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for monitoring the deformation of a tubular busbar. The method involves acquiring laser data signals reflected by various fiber Bragg grating sensors uploaded by a laser receiver, determining the wavelength of the laser reflected by the fiber Bragg grating sensors based on the laser data signals, and calculating the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to temperature changes based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the first fiber Bragg grating sensor. The first fiber Bragg grating sensor is disposed on the inner wall of the tubular busbar and located on its neutral plane. The maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between two adjacent supports is calculated based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by a second fiber Bragg grating sensor, which is disposed at the top or bottom of the cross-section of the tubular busbar. This invention provides a comprehensive view of the condition of the tubular busbar in a substation by simultaneously monitoring multiple parameters such as flexural deformation and temperature deformation, thereby improving the accuracy and timeliness of fault prediction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to deformation monitoring technology, and more particularly to a method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium for monitoring the deformation of tubular busbars. Background Technology

[0002] In power systems, busbars are key equipment for power transmission and distribution, and their safe and stable operation plays a vital role in the reliability of the entire system. Especially in outdoor high-voltage substations of 110kV and above, tubular busbars are widely used due to their unique structure (using copper or aluminum alloy tubes as conductors).

[0003] During long-term operation, busbars are affected by various factors such as their own weight, external loads, temperature changes, and the impact of closing operations, which may cause deformation, especially downward bending deformation. If this deformation is not monitored and addressed in time, it may lead to a decline in busbar performance or even cause safety accidents, seriously threatening the safe and stable operation of the power system.

[0004] Existing methods for monitoring the deformation of tubular busbars mostly rely on routine inspections and visual checks by maintenance personnel. These methods struggle to capture minute deflections caused by various external factors in real time and accurately, and are easily affected by the expertise of maintenance personnel, making it difficult to guarantee the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data. Furthermore, since busbar equipment is in operation for extended periods after substation construction, precise measurements require power outages, which not only affects the continuity and reliability of the power grid but also wastes resources and time. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium for monitoring the deformation of tubular busbars, in order to improve the accuracy and timeliness of fault prediction.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for monitoring the deformation of a tubular busbar, comprising:

[0007] The laser data signals reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor uploaded by the laser receiver are acquired, and the wavelength of the laser reflected by the fiber Bragg grating sensor is determined based on the laser data signals. The tubular bus is supported by multiple spaced supports, and multiple fiber Bragg grating sensors are set at each support. The multiple grating sensors are arranged around the inner wall of the tubular bus.

[0008] The amount of expansion and contraction of the tubular busbar due to temperature change is calculated based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the first fiber grating sensor, wherein the first fiber grating sensor is disposed on the inner wall of the tubular busbar and located on the neutral plane of the tubular busbar.

[0009] The maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between two adjacent supports is calculated based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the second fiber grating sensor. The second fiber grating sensor is disposed at the top or bottom of the cross-section of the tubular busbar. When the second fiber grating sensor is disposed at the top of the cross-section of the tubular busbar, the second fiber grating sensor is pre-stretched along the axial direction of the tubular busbar.

[0010] Optionally, a third fiber Bragg grating sensor is also provided on the neutral surface of the tubular busbar. The third fiber Bragg grating sensor is sensitive to temperature but not to strain.

[0011] Optionally, the calculation of the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to temperature changes based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the first fiber Bragg grating sensor includes:

[0012] The wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the third fiber optic grating sensor is taken as the first wavelength of the reflected light caused by the change in ambient temperature.

[0013] The difference between the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the first fiber optic grating sensor and the first wavelength is calculated to obtain the second wavelength representing the reflected light caused by the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to changes in ambient temperature.

[0014] The amount of expansion and contraction of the tubular busbar due to temperature changes is calculated based on the second wavelength and the intrinsic properties of the first fiber optic grating sensor.

[0015] Optionally, the amount of expansion and contraction of the tubular busbar due to temperature change is calculated based on the second wavelength and the intrinsic properties of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor, using the following formula:

[0016]

[0017] Among them, L ij Let ΛL be the effective length of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor at the j-th bracket. ij For the second wavelength, λ Bj1 Let P be the initial reflection wavelength of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor at the j-th support. e α is the photoelastic coefficient, and α is the strain sensitivity of the optical fiber, which is the ratio of wavelength change to strain.

[0018] Optionally, calculating the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between two adjacent supports based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the second fiber Bragg grating sensor includes:

[0019] The wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the third fiber optic grating sensor is taken as the first wavelength of the reflected light caused by the change in ambient temperature.

[0020] The difference between the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the first fiber optic grating sensor and the first wavelength is calculated to obtain the second wavelength representing the reflected light caused by the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to changes in ambient temperature.

[0021] The difference between the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the second fiber optic grating sensor and the second wavelength is calculated to obtain the third wavelength representing the reflected light caused by the bending deformation of the tubular busbar.

[0022] The strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by the flexural deformation is calculated based on the intrinsic properties of the third wavelength and the second fiber optic grating sensor.

[0023] The maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports is calculated based on the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by its flexural deformation and the radius of curvature of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports.

[0024] Optionally, the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by the flexural deformation is calculated based on the intrinsic properties of the third wavelength and the second fiber optic grating sensor, using the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] Where, ΔV ij Λ represents the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by deflection. Vij For the third wavelength, λ Bj2 Let P be the initial reflection wavelength of the second fiber Bragg grating sensor at the j-th support. e α is the photoelastic coefficient, and α is the strain sensitivity of the optical fiber, which is the ratio of wavelength change to strain.

[0027] Optionally, the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports is calculated based on the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by its flexural deformation and the radius of curvature of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0028] δ ij =ΔV ij ρ ij

[0029]

[0030] Where, δ ij ΔV is the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between the i-th support and the j-th support. ij Let ρ be the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by its deflection deformation. ijLet be the radius of curvature of the tubular busbar between the i-th support and the j-th support, E be the elastic modulus of the tubular busbar, l be the span of the tubular busbar between the two supports, ω be the uniformly distributed load caused by the self-weight of the busbar, D be the outer diameter of the tubular busbar, and d be the inner diameter of the tubular busbar.

[0031] Secondly, the present invention also provides a tubular busbar deformation monitoring device, comprising:

[0032] The wavelength determination module is used to acquire the laser data signals reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor uploaded by the laser receiver, and determine the wavelength of the laser reflected by the fiber Bragg grating sensor based on the laser data signals. The tubular bus is supported by multiple spaced supports, and multiple fiber Bragg grating sensors are set at each support. The multiple grating sensors are arranged around the inner wall of the tubular bus.

[0033] The expansion and contraction deformation calculation module is used to calculate the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to temperature changes based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the first fiber grating sensor, wherein the first fiber grating sensor is disposed on the inner wall of the tubular busbar and located on the neutral plane of the tubular busbar.

[0034] The maximum deflection calculation module is used to calculate the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between two adjacent supports based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the second fiber optic grating sensor. The second fiber optic grating sensor is disposed at the top or bottom of the cross-section of the tubular busbar. When the second fiber optic grating sensor is disposed at the top of the cross-section of the tubular busbar, the second fiber optic grating sensor is pre-stretched along the axial direction of the tubular busbar.

[0035] Thirdly, the present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0036] One or more processors;

[0037] Storage device for storing one or more programs;

[0038] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the tubular bus deformation monitoring method provided in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0039] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the tubular busbar deformation monitoring method provided in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0040] The present invention provides a method for monitoring the deformation of a tubular busbar. This method acquires laser data signals reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor uploaded by a laser receiver, and determines the wavelength of the laser reflected by the fiber Bragg grating sensor based on the laser data signals. The tubular busbar is supported by multiple spaced supports, each support having multiple fiber Bragg grating sensors. These sensors are arranged around the inner wall of the tubular busbar. The method calculates the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to temperature changes based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the first fiber Bragg grating sensor, which is located on the inner wall of the tubular busbar and at its neutral plane. The method calculates the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between two adjacent supports based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the second fiber Bragg grating sensor, which is located at the top or bottom of the cross-section of the tubular busbar. When the second fiber Bragg grating sensor is located at the top of the cross-section of the tubular busbar, it is pre-stretched along the axial direction of the tubular busbar. This invention provides a comprehensive view of the status of tubular busbars in substations by simultaneously monitoring multiple parameters such as flexural deformation and temperature deformation. This integrated monitoring method improves the accuracy and timeliness of fault prediction.

[0041] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for monitoring the deformation of a tubular busbar provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the fiber Bragg grating sensor within a tubular busbar according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tubular busbar deformation monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] The accompanying drawings have illustrated specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for monitoring the deformation of a tubular busbar according to an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to monitoring the deformation of tubular busbars. The method can be executed by a tubular busbar deformation monitoring device provided in this embodiment. This device can be implemented in software and / or hardware, and is typically configured in an electronic device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the deformation monitoring method for this type of tubular busbar includes the following steps:

[0051] S101. Obtain the laser data signals reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor uploaded by the laser receiver, and determine the wavelength of the laser reflected by the fiber Bragg grating sensor based on the laser data signals.

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, the tubular busbar is typically installed on an outdoor support frame. The busbar is supported by multiple spaced supports and primarily bears its own weight, deformation caused by changes in ambient temperature, and impacts generated during opening and closing operations. These factors act together on the busbar, potentially causing deformation, with flexural deformation having the greatest impact. From a simple mechanical modeling perspective, the busbar can be approximated as a continuous beam model subjected to a uniformly distributed load. Considering that the maximum flexural deformation of a continuous beam is usually smaller than that of a simply supported beam, and to ensure the conservatism of the analysis, i.e., considering the most unfavorable scenario, this embodiment will use this model to predict and evaluate the maximum flexural deformation.

[0053] In this embodiment of the invention, multiple fiber optic grating sensors are disposed at each support, and these sensors are arranged around the inner wall of the tubular busbar. A fiber optic grating sensor is a type of fiber optic sensor. The sensing process based on a fiber optic grating acquires sensing information by modulating the wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating with external physical parameters; it is a wavelength-modulated fiber optic sensor. Fiber optic grating sensors can directly measure physical quantities such as temperature and strain. Specifically, a fiber optic grating sensor has an initial reflection wavelength. When light passes through the fiber optic grating, it is reflected back as a narrowband light of a specific wavelength. The wavelength of this narrowband light depends on the grating pitch (grating period) of the fiber optic grating. When the grating period of the fiber optic grating sensor changes due to temperature or strain, the wavelength response of the reflected light also changes. Therefore, there is a correspondence between the reflected light wavelength λ of the fiber optic grating sensor and physical quantities such as temperature, force, and length. This is the basic principle of fiber optic grating sensing technology.

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the fiber Bragg grating sensor within the tubular bus provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, four fiber Bragg grating sensors are installed at each support, and these four sensors are arranged around the inner wall of the tubular busbar. The first fiber Bragg grating sensor C is located on the inner wall of the tubular busbar, specifically at the neutral plane O-O'. The neutral plane is a surface in the material where there is neither tensile nor compressive stress; the stress above the neutral plane is called compressive stress, and the stress below it is called tensile stress. The second fiber Bragg grating sensor is located at the top or bottom of the cross-section of the tubular busbar, for example, as shown in... Figure 2As shown, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor A is disposed at the top of the cross-section of the tubular busbar, and the second fiber Bragg grating sensor B is disposed at the bottom of the cross-section of the tubular busbar. In this embodiment of the invention, for the second fiber Bragg grating sensor A disposed at the top of the cross-section of the tubular busbar, when the second fiber Bragg grating sensor A is placed inside the tubular busbar, it is pre-stretched along the axial direction of the tubular busbar. The amount of stretching displacement should ensure that even if maximum flexural deformation occurs, the strain of the optical fiber remains within the elastic deformation range. The main purpose of tensioning the second fiber Bragg grating sensor A is to ensure that when the busbar undergoes downward flexural deformation, even if the length of the top of the busbar is slightly shortened, resulting in a decrease in strain in that area, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor A can still remain in a stretched state, thereby avoiding entering a relaxed state. This measure is crucial because the stretched state of the optical fiber is the basis for its accurate sensing and signal transmission capabilities. Once the optical fiber enters a relaxed state, its ability to sense minute deformations will be greatly reduced, affecting the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data. Furthermore, the reason for placing the fiber optic grating sensor inside the busbar in this invention is to protect the detection equipment and prevent the external environment of the busbar from affecting the monitoring data.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, a third fiber optic grating sensor D is further provided on the neutral surface of the tubular busbar. The third fiber optic grating sensor D is sensitive to temperature but not to strain.

[0056] Among them, the second fiber grating sensors A and B are used to measure the flexural deformation of the busbar, the first fiber grating sensor C is used to measure the deformation caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of the busbar due to changes in ambient temperature, and at the same time, in order to eliminate the change in the wavelength of reflected light caused by temperature changes, the third fiber grating sensor D, which is only sensitive to temperature and not sensitive to strain, is selected for temperature compensation.

[0057] A laser diode is installed at either end of the tubular busbar to emit optical signals. Its power supply is connected to the maintenance power supply box. Since the power in the maintenance power supply box comes from the substation's auxiliary power supply, which has a dual configuration, this power connection method provides a stable and reliable power supply for the emitting light source device. If the power supply reliability requirements cannot be met during application, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) can be added separately. A laser receiver is installed at the first-end location. The laser receiver converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal (i.e., a laser data signal) and uploads it to the host computer. The host computer determines the wavelength of the laser reflected by the fiber Bragg grating sensors based on the laser data signals from each fiber Bragg grating sensor.

[0058] S102. Calculate the amount of expansion and contraction of the tubular busbar due to temperature changes based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the first fiber optic grating sensor.

[0059] In this embodiment of the invention, the amount of expansion and contraction of the tubular busbar due to temperature changes is calculated based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the first fiber Bragg grating sensor. Specifically, the amount of expansion and contraction of the tubular busbar due to temperature changes is calculated based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the first fiber Bragg grating sensor and the intrinsic properties of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor.

[0060] For example, in some embodiments of the present invention, in order to eliminate the influence of temperature factors on the monitoring results, the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the third fiber grating sensor D is used as the first wavelength of the reflected light caused by the change in ambient temperature. The difference between the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the first fiber grating sensor C and the first wavelength is calculated to obtain the second wavelength representing the reflected light caused by the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to the change in ambient temperature. Then, the amount of expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar caused by the temperature change is calculated based on the second wavelength and the intrinsic properties of the first fiber grating sensor C.

[0061] Specifically, the calculation formula for the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to temperature change, based on the second wavelength and the intrinsic properties of the first fiber grating sensor C, is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, L ij Let Λ be the effective length of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor at the j-th bracket. Lij For the second wavelength, λ Bj1 Let P be the initial reflection wavelength of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor at the j-th support. e Λ is the photoelastic coefficient, and α is the strain sensitivity of the optical fiber, i.e., the proportionality coefficient between wavelength change and strain. Lij =λ Cij -Λ Tij , λ Cij Let Λ be the wavelength of the laser reflected by the first fiber Bragg grating sensor at the j-th support. Tij =λ Dij , λ Dij Let λ be the wavelength of the laser reflected by the third fiber optic sensor D at the j-th support.

[0064] S103. Calculate the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between two adjacent supports based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the second fiber optic grating sensor.

[0065] In this embodiment of the invention, the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between two adjacent supports is calculated based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the second fiber grating sensor. For example, the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by the deflection deformation is calculated based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the second fiber grating sensor and the intrinsic properties of the second fiber grating sensor. Then, the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports is calculated based on the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by the deflection deformation and the radius of curvature of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports.

[0066] For example, in some embodiments of the present invention, the calculation process for the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar is as follows:

[0067] 1. The wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the third fiber optic grating sensor is taken as the first wavelength of the reflected light caused by the change in ambient temperature.

[0068] The wavelength λ of the laser signal reflected by the third fiber Bragg grating sensor D Dij The first wavelength Λ of reflected light caused by changes in ambient temperature Tij .

[0069] 2. Calculate the difference between the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the first fiber optic grating sensor and the first wavelength to obtain the second wavelength representing the reflected light caused by the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to changes in ambient temperature.

[0070] Calculate the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the first fiber grating sensor C and the first wavelength Λ Tij The difference is used to obtain the second wavelength Λ, representing the reflected light caused by the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to changes in ambient temperature. Lij Λ Lij =λ Cij -Λ Tij .

[0071] 3. Calculate the difference between the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the second fiber optic grating sensor and the second wavelength to obtain the third wavelength representing the reflected light caused by the bending deformation of the tubular busbar.

[0072] Calculate the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the second fiber grating sensor A or B and the second wavelength Λ. Lij The difference is used to obtain the third wavelength Λ, representing the reflected light caused by the deflection deformation of the tubular busbar. Vij That is, Λ Vij =λ ij -Λ Lij -Λ Tij .

[0073] 4. Calculate the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by the flexural deformation based on the intrinsic properties of the third wavelength and the second fiber optic grating sensor.

[0074] In this embodiment of the invention, the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by the flexural deformation is calculated based on the intrinsic properties of the third wavelength and the second fiber optic grating sensor. Specifically, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] Where, ΔV ij Λ represents the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by deflection. Vij For the third wavelength, λ Bj2 Let P be the initial reflection wavelength of the second fiber Bragg grating sensor at the j-th support. e α is the photoelastic coefficient, and α is the strain sensitivity of the optical fiber, which is the ratio of wavelength change to strain.

[0077] 5. Calculate the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports based on the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by its flexural deformation and the radius of curvature of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports.

[0078] In this embodiment of the invention, the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports is calculated based on the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by its flexural deformation and the radius of curvature of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0079] δ ij =ΔV ij ρ ij

[0080]

[0081] Where, δ ij ΔV is the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between the i-th support and the j-th support. ij Let ρ be the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by its deflection deformation. ij Let be the radius of curvature of the tubular busbar between the i-th support and the j-th support, E be the elastic modulus of the tubular busbar, l be the span of the tubular busbar between the two supports, ω be the uniformly distributed load caused by the self-weight of the busbar, D be the outer diameter of the tubular busbar, and d be the inner diameter of the tubular busbar.

[0082] In this embodiment of the invention, after calculating the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to temperature changes and the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between two adjacent supports, the calculated expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to temperature changes can be compared with a pre-set safety threshold L for expansion and contraction deformation. maxThe calculations compare the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between two adjacent supports with a pre-set deflection safety threshold δ. max In comparison, when the calculated expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to temperature changes exceeds the preset safety threshold L for expansion and contraction deformation... max Or, the calculated maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between two adjacent supports exceeds the pre-set deflection safety threshold δ. max At that time, a warning signal is sent to the user terminal.

[0083] In embodiments of the present invention, to simultaneously consider the absolute value and rate of change of the monitored parameters in a real-time monitoring system, the present invention introduces two sets of safety thresholds: one set for the absolute value of the parameter, and the other set for the rate of change of the parameter. In this way, the system can warn of both immediate dangerous conditions and potential risks that rapid changes may indicate. The absolute safety threshold is defined as: L max δ max Safety threshold for rate of change: Since the laser emitter emits light signals continuously, the obtained expansion and contraction deformation and maximum deflection are time series, with the interval Δt depending on the sampling frequency f of the photodetector. Then, the deformation rate of the expansion and contraction deformation is monitored based on the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar caused by temperature changes. Based on monitoring the rate of change of deflection using maximum deflection Determine whether the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to temperature changes exceeds the preset safety threshold L for expansion and contraction deformation. max Whether the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between two adjacent supports exceeds the preset deflection safety threshold δ max Is the deformation rate greater than the safe threshold for deformation rate? Is the rate of change of perturbation greater than the safety threshold? If any one of them exceeds the threshold, a warning signal will be sent to the user terminal.

[0084] For example, in this embodiment of the invention, monitoring results and alarm signals can also be transmitted to the internal server of the unit via an intranet switch using an encryption algorithm (e.g., AES128). Simultaneously, they will be transmitted to the alarm communication room and offices within the substation via the switch. This allows substation staff to receive alarm signals immediately and take timely and effective measures. Furthermore, monitoring results and alarm signals can be archived for easy future tracing. The internal office system reads transformer foundation status information data from the memory, displays real-time data and historical trends, as well as any alarms or abnormal states. Based on the monitoring data, maintenance personnel can assess the condition of the substation transformer foundation and take repair or reinforcement measures as necessary. Through this process, the fiber optic sensor system can provide continuous, real-time monitoring of the substation transformer foundation, ensuring its stability and safety. The advantages of this monitoring technology lie in its high sensitivity, strong resistance to electromagnetic interference, and reliability under harsh environmental conditions.

[0085] The tubular bus deformation monitoring method provided in this invention acquires laser data signals reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor uploaded by a laser receiver, and determines the wavelength of the laser reflected by the fiber Bragg grating sensor based on the laser data signals. The tubular bus is supported by multiple spaced supports, each support having multiple fiber Bragg grating sensors. These sensors are arranged around the inner wall of the tubular bus. The expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular bus due to temperature changes is calculated based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the first fiber Bragg grating sensor, which is located on the inner wall of the tubular bus and at its neutral plane. The maximum deflection of the tubular bus between two adjacent supports is calculated based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the second fiber Bragg grating sensor, which is located at the top or bottom of the cross-section of the tubular bus. When the second fiber Bragg grating sensor is located at the top of the cross-section of the tubular bus, it is pre-stretched along the axial direction of the tubular bus. This invention provides a comprehensive view of the status of tubular busbars in substations by simultaneously monitoring multiple parameters such as flexural deformation and temperature deformation. This integrated monitoring method improves the accuracy and timeliness of fault prediction.

[0086] This invention also provides a tubular busbar deformation monitoring device. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tubular busbar deformation monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the tubular busbar deformation monitoring device includes:

[0087] The wavelength determination module 201 is used to acquire the laser data signals reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor uploaded by the laser receiver, and determine the wavelength of the laser reflected by the fiber Bragg grating sensor based on the laser data signals. The tubular bus is supported by multiple spaced supports, and multiple fiber Bragg grating sensors are set at each support. The multiple grating sensors are arranged around the inner wall of the tubular bus.

[0088] The expansion and contraction deformation calculation module 202 is used to calculate the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to temperature change based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the first fiber optic grating sensor, wherein the first fiber optic grating sensor is disposed on the inner wall of the tubular busbar and located on the neutral plane of the tubular busbar.

[0089] The maximum deflection calculation module 203 is used to calculate the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between two adjacent supports based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the second fiber optic grating sensor. The second fiber optic grating sensor is disposed at the top or bottom of the cross-section of the tubular busbar. When the second fiber optic grating sensor is disposed at the top of the cross-section of the tubular busbar, the second fiber optic grating sensor is pre-stretched along the axial direction of the tubular busbar.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present invention, a third fiber optic grating sensor is further disposed on the neutral surface of the tubular busbar. The third fiber optic grating sensor is sensitive to temperature but not to strain.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present invention, the expansion and contraction deformation calculation module 202 includes:

[0092] The first wavelength determination submodule is used to take the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the third fiber optic grating sensor as the first wavelength of the reflected light caused by the change in ambient temperature.

[0093] The second wavelength calculation submodule is used to calculate the difference between the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the first fiber optic grating sensor and the first wavelength, so as to obtain the second wavelength representing the reflected light caused by the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to changes in ambient temperature.

[0094] The expansion and contraction calculation submodule is used to calculate the expansion and contraction of the tubular busbar due to temperature changes based on the second wavelength and the intrinsic properties of the first fiber optic grating sensor.

[0095] In some embodiments of the present invention, the amount of expansion and contraction of the tubular busbar due to temperature change is calculated based on the second wavelength and the intrinsic properties of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor, using the following formula:

[0096]

[0097] Among them, Lij Let Λ be the effective length of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor at the j-th bracket. Lij For the second wavelength, λ Bj1 Let P be the initial reflection wavelength of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor at the j-th support. e α is the photoelastic coefficient, and α is the strain sensitivity of the optical fiber, which is the ratio of wavelength change to strain.

[0098] In some embodiments of the present invention, calculating the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between two adjacent supports based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the second fiber Bragg grating sensor includes:

[0099] The first wavelength determination submodule is used to take the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the third fiber optic grating sensor as the first wavelength of the reflected light caused by the change in ambient temperature.

[0100] The second wavelength calculation submodule is used to calculate the difference between the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the first fiber optic grating sensor and the first wavelength, so as to obtain the second wavelength representing the reflected light caused by the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to changes in ambient temperature.

[0101] The third wavelength calculation submodule is used to calculate the difference between the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the second fiber grating sensor and the second wavelength, so as to obtain the third wavelength representing the reflected light caused by the bending deformation of the tubular busbar.

[0102] The strain calculation submodule is used to calculate the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by the flexural deformation of the tubular busbar based on the intrinsic properties of the third wavelength and the second fiber optic grating sensor.

[0103] The maximum deflection calculation submodule is used to calculate the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports based on the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by its flexural deformation and the radius of curvature of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports.

[0104] In some embodiments of the present invention, the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by the flexural deformation is calculated based on the intrinsic properties of the third wavelength and the second fiber optic grating sensor, using the following formula:

[0105]

[0106] Where, ΔV ij Λ represents the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by deflection. Vij For the third wavelength, λ Bj2 Let P be the initial reflection wavelength of the second fiber Bragg grating sensor at the j-th support. eα is the photoelastic coefficient, and α is the strain sensitivity of the optical fiber, which is the ratio of wavelength change to strain.

[0107] In some embodiments of the present invention, the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports is calculated based on the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by its flexural deformation and the radius of curvature of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0108] δ ij =ΔV ij ρ ij

[0109]

[0110] Where, δ ij ΔV is the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between the i-th support and the j-th support. ij Let ρ be the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by its deflection deformation. ij Let be the radius of curvature of the tubular busbar between the i-th support and the j-th support, E be the elastic modulus of the tubular busbar, l be the span of the tubular busbar between the two supports, ω be the uniformly distributed load caused by the self-weight of the busbar, D be the outer diameter of the tubular busbar, and d be the inner diameter of the tubular busbar.

[0111] The aforementioned tubular busbar deformation monitoring device can execute the tubular busbar deformation monitoring method provided in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of executing the tubular busbar deformation monitoring method.

[0112] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided for an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0113] like Figure 4As shown, the electronic device includes at least one processor 11 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12 or a random access memory (RAM) 13, communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11. The memory stores computer programs executable by the at least one processor. The processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on the computer program stored in the ROM 12 or loaded into the RAM 13 from storage unit 18. The RAM 13 can also store various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device. The processor 11, ROM 12, and RAM 13 are interconnected via a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0114] Multiple components in the electronic device are connected to the I / O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a disk, optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0115] Processor 11 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. Processor 11 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as the tubular bus deformation monitoring method.

[0116] In some embodiments, the tubular busbar deformation monitoring method may be implemented as a computer program tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on an electronic device via ROM 12 and / or communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 13 and executed by processor 11, one or more steps of the tubular busbar deformation monitoring method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, processor 11 may be configured to perform the tubular busbar deformation monitoring method by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0117] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems-on-a-chip (SoCs), payload-programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0118] Computer programs used to implement the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the processor, the computer programs cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be performed. The computer programs may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, or as a standalone software package, partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0119] In the context of this invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination thereof. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0120] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the electronic device. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0121] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as data servers), or computing systems that include middleware components (e.g., application servers), or computing systems that include frontend components (e.g., user computers with graphical user interfaces or web browsers through which users can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., communication networks). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the Internet.

[0122] A computing system can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally located far apart and typically interact through communication networks. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a hosting product within the cloud computing service system to address the shortcomings of traditional physical hosts and VPS services, such as high management difficulty and weak business scalability.

[0123] This invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the tubular busbar deformation monitoring method provided in any embodiment of this application.

[0124] In implementing the computer program product, computer program code for performing the operations of this invention can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof. Programming languages ​​include object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, as well as conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0125] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and no limitation is imposed herein.

[0126] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the deformation of a tubular busbar, characterized in that, include: The laser data signals reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor uploaded by the laser receiver are acquired, and the wavelength of the laser reflected by the fiber Bragg grating sensor is determined based on the laser data signals. The tubular bus is supported by multiple spaced supports, and multiple fiber Bragg grating sensors are set at each support. The multiple grating sensors are arranged around the inner wall of the tubular bus. The amount of expansion and contraction of the tubular busbar due to temperature change is determined based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the first fiber optic sensor located on the inner wall of the tubular busbar and on the neutral plane of the tubular busbar. Based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the second fiber Bragg grating sensor located at the top or bottom of the cross-section of the tubular busbar, and in conjunction with the compensation for wavelength changes caused by temperature variations due to the amount of stretching deformation, the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar, characterizing the flexural deformation of the tubular busbar, is obtained; wherein, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor is located at the top of the cross-section of the tubular busbar, and the second fiber Bragg grating sensor is pre-stretched along the axial direction of the tubular busbar to prevent the second fiber Bragg grating sensor from entering a relaxed state when the tubular busbar deflects downward; Based on the strain and the radius of curvature of the tubular busbar between two adjacent supports, the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between two adjacent supports is calculated.

2. The method for monitoring the deformation of a tubular busbar according to claim 1, characterized in that, A third fiber optic grating sensor is also provided on the neutral surface of the tubular busbar. The third fiber optic grating sensor is sensitive to temperature but not to strain.

3. The method for monitoring the deformation of tubular busbars according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by a first fiber Bragg grating sensor disposed on the inner wall of the tubular busbar and located on the neutral plane of the tubular busbar, the amount of expansion and contraction of the tubular busbar due to temperature change is determined, including: The wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the third fiber optic grating sensor is taken as the first wavelength of the reflected light caused by the change in ambient temperature. The difference between the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the first fiber optic grating sensor and the first wavelength is calculated to obtain the second wavelength representing the reflected light caused by the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to changes in ambient temperature. The amount of expansion and contraction of the tubular busbar due to temperature changes is calculated based on the second wavelength and the intrinsic properties of the first fiber optic grating sensor.

4. The method for monitoring the deformation of a tubular busbar according to claim 3, characterized in that, The amount of expansion and contraction of the tubular busbar due to temperature change is calculated based on the second wavelength and the intrinsic properties of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor, using the following formula: in, Let be the effective length of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor at the j-th bracket. For the second wavelength, Let be the initial reflection wavelength of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor at the j-th support. The photoelastic coefficient, It is the strain sensitivity of the optical fiber, that is, the ratio of wavelength change to strain.

5. The method for monitoring the deformation of tubular busbars according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, Based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by a second fiber Bragg grating sensor located at the top or bottom of the cross-section of the tubular busbar, and by compensating for the wavelength change caused by temperature variations in conjunction with the amount of expansion and contraction deformation, the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar, characterizing the flexural deformation of the tubular busbar, is obtained, including: The wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the third fiber optic grating sensor is taken as the first wavelength of the reflected light caused by the change in ambient temperature. The difference between the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the first fiber optic grating sensor and the first wavelength is calculated to obtain the second wavelength representing the reflected light caused by the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to changes in ambient temperature. The difference between the wavelength of the laser signal reflected by the second fiber optic grating sensor and the second wavelength is calculated to obtain the third wavelength representing the reflected light caused by the bending deformation of the tubular busbar. The strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by the flexural deformation is calculated based on the intrinsic properties of the third wavelength and the second fiber optic grating sensor.

6. The method for monitoring the deformation of a tubular busbar according to claim 5, characterized in that, Based on the strain and the radius of curvature of the tubular busbar between two adjacent supports, the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between two adjacent supports is calculated, including: The maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports is calculated based on the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by its flexural deformation and the radius of curvature of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports.

7. The method for monitoring the deformation of a tubular busbar according to claim 6, characterized in that, The strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by the flexural deformation is calculated based on the intrinsic properties of the third wavelength and the second fiber optic grating sensor, using the following formula: in, This represents the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by its flexural deformation. The third wavelength, Let be the initial reflection wavelength of the second fiber Bragg grating sensor at the j-th support. The photoelastic coefficient, It is the strain sensitivity of the optical fiber, that is, the ratio of wavelength change to strain.

8. The method for monitoring the deformation of a tubular busbar according to claim 6, characterized in that, The maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports is calculated based on the strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by its flexural deformation and the radius of curvature of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports. The calculation formula is as follows: in, The maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between the i-th support and the j-th support. The strain along the axial direction of the tubular busbar caused by its deflection deformation is denoted as . Let E be the radius of curvature of the tubular busbar between the i-th and j-th supports, and let E be the elastic modulus of the tubular busbar. It is the span of the tubular busbar between the two supports. This is the uniformly distributed load caused by the self-weight of the busbar. The outer diameter of the tubular busbar. It is the inner diameter of the tubular busbar.

9. A tubular busbar deformation monitoring device, used to perform the tubular busbar deformation monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: The wavelength determination module is used to acquire the laser data signals reflected by each fiber Bragg grating sensor uploaded by the laser receiver, and determine the wavelength of the laser reflected by the fiber Bragg grating sensor based on the laser data signals. The tubular bus is supported by multiple spaced supports, and multiple fiber Bragg grating sensors are set at each support. The multiple grating sensors are arranged around the inner wall of the tubular bus. The expansion and contraction deformation calculation module is used to calculate the expansion and contraction deformation of the tubular busbar due to temperature changes based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the first fiber grating sensor, wherein the first fiber grating sensor is disposed on the inner wall of the tubular busbar and located on the neutral plane of the tubular busbar. The maximum deflection calculation module is used to calculate the maximum deflection of the tubular busbar between two adjacent supports based on the wavelength of the laser reflected by the second fiber optic grating sensor. The second fiber optic grating sensor is disposed at the top or bottom of the cross-section of the tubular busbar. When the second fiber optic grating sensor is disposed at the top of the cross-section of the tubular busbar, the second fiber optic grating sensor is pre-stretched along the axial direction of the tubular busbar.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; Storage device for storing one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the tubular bus deformation monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

11. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by the processor, the program implements the tubular busbar deformation monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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