A wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor

Abstract

This invention discloses a wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor. A response antenna measures the temperature change of the object being measured, while an interrogation antenna and a response antenna together measure the displacement change of the object being measured. The response antenna and the interrogation antenna acquire information via electromagnetic waves. The interrogation antenna transmits both temperature and displacement information to an external source, thus realizing a wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of sensor technology, specifically relating to a wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor. Background Technology

[0002] Temperature is an important physical parameter characterizing the state and properties of an object. Displacement is a quantity related to the movement of an object's position during motion. With industrial development, the demand for temperature and displacement sensors is increasing. The increasing complexity of application scenarios necessitates the simultaneous acquisition of temperature and displacement information, placing demands on the simultaneous measurement capabilities of temperature and displacement sensors. Wired active sensors require lead wires for transmission, making them unusable in harsh environments.

[0003] Wireless passive sensors can transmit signals without wires or power supply, enabling low-power devices to remain permanently online and continuously sense, process, and transmit monitoring data. This paper designs a wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor, employing wireless passive signal transmission and simultaneously measuring displacement and temperature values. It can be applied to temperature measurement in power systems with a safe distance warning function. It can also be used for precise displacement measurement in non-room temperature environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor, which solves the technical problem that it is inconvenient for the sensor to transmit signals in complex environments using wired active methods.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor includes an interrogation antenna and a response antenna. The object to be measured is in contact with the dielectric substrate of the response antenna. The response antenna is used to measure the temperature change of the object. Information is acquired between the response antenna and the interrogation antenna via electromagnetic waves. Changes in the distance between the interrogation antenna and the response antenna can cause changes in the input reflection parameters of the whole unit composed of the two antennas. The object to be measured is fixed at the interrogation antenna or the response antenna. The interrogation antenna and the response antenna together realize the displacement change measurement of the object. Temperature information and displacement information are transmitted through the interrogation antenna.

[0007] Preferably, the response antenna includes a square double-loop structure, which is disposed at the center of the surface of the dielectric substrate.

[0008] More preferably, the square double-open-loop structure of the response antenna is a metamaterial structure.

[0009] More preferably, the square double-open-loop structure of the response antenna is made of metal material and manufactured by magnetron sputtering.

[0010] More preferably, the dielectric substrate of the response antenna has a circular structure.

[0011] More preferably, the dielectric substrate of the response antenna is made of dielectric ceramic material.

[0012] Preferably, the interrogation antenna includes an interrogation antenna dielectric substrate, on which an interrogation antenna radiating patch and an interrogation antenna ground plane are disposed.

[0013] More preferably, the interrogation antenna ground plane is disposed on both sides of the lead-out end of the interrogation antenna radiating patch.

[0014] More preferably, the antenna dielectric substrate is a rectangular dielectric material.

[0015] More preferably, the interrogation antenna radiating patch and the interrogation antenna ground are made of metal materials and manufactured by magnetron sputtering.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0017] A wireless, passive displacement-temperature composite sensor is disclosed. The object being measured is brought into contact with a dielectric substrate of a response antenna. Changes in the temperature of the object cause a change in the dielectric constant of the substrate, which in turn causes a change in the resonant frequency of the response antenna. The object being displaced is fixed at either an interrogation antenna or a response antenna. Changes in the distance between the interrogation and response antennas measure the displacement of the object. Information is acquired between the response and interrogation antennas via electromagnetic waves. The interrogation antenna transmits both temperature and displacement information to the outside. Employing a wireless, passive sensing principle, without the need for power or leads, this sensor achieves composite temperature and displacement measurement.

[0018] Furthermore, the square double open-loop structure of the response antenna is positioned at the center of the dielectric substrate surface, which ensures that the response antenna has better performance parameters.

[0019] Furthermore, the square double-loop structure of the response antenna is a metamaterial structure, which enables the response antenna to have a high quality factor and a relatively concentrated electromagnetic field distribution.

[0020] Furthermore, the square double-loop structure of the response antenna is made of metallic materials such as gold, platinum, or copper, which can give the response antenna good conductivity. It can be fabricated using magnetron sputtering technology to obtain a square double-loop structure with dense film and accurate structural dimensions.

[0021] Furthermore, the dielectric substrate of the response antenna has a circular structure, which can reduce the size of the response antenna.

[0022] Furthermore, the dielectric substrate of the response antenna is a dielectric ceramic material, whose dielectric constant changes with temperature.

[0023] Furthermore, the dielectric substrate of the interrogation antenna has a rectangular structure, which can ensure impedance matching between the interrogation antenna and the response antenna. After optimizing the dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent of the interrogation antenna, the directivity and emissivity of the interrogation antenna can be guaranteed.

[0024] Furthermore, inquiring about whether the antenna's radiating patch and ground plane are made of metallic materials such as gold, platinum, or copper can yield a high quality factor.

[0025] In summary, this invention achieves combined temperature and displacement measurement by employing a combination of interrogation and response antennas. The structure and materials of the interrogation antenna's radiating patch, ground plane, and dielectric substrate give it high gain, allowing it to radiate a swept-frequency signal to the response antenna and receive the temperature signal returned from it. Similarly, the square double-open-loop structure and materials of the response antenna, along with the structure and materials of the dielectric substrate, also contribute to its high gain, enabling it to receive the swept-frequency signal from the interrogation antenna and return a temperature signal to it. Furthermore, the impedance matching between the interrogation and response antennas ensures good signal directionality, high efficiency, and strong anti-interference capability. The interrogation and response antennas acquire and transmit temperature and displacement information, resulting in a wireless, passive displacement-temperature composite sensor with high reliability and high sensitivity.

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor response antenna of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a front view of the wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor response antenna of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the interrogation antenna of the wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a front view of the interrogation antenna of the wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the relationship between the resonant frequency and temperature value of the wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the relationship between the input reflection coefficient and the displacement value of the wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor of the present invention.

[0034] Among them: 1. Square double open-loop structure of the response antenna; 2. Dielectric substrate of the response antenna; 3. Radiation patch of the interrogation antenna; 4. Dielectric substrate of the interrogation antenna; 5. Ground plane of the interrogation antenna. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "one side," "one end," and "one side," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0039] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0040] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0041] The accompanying drawings illustrate various structural schematic diagrams according to embodiments disclosed in this invention. These drawings are not to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0042] This invention provides a wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor. The sensor is composed of a response antenna and an interrogation antenna. It uses a wireless passive measurement principle to transmit temperature and displacement signals, and transmits temperature and displacement information to the outside through the response antenna.

[0043] Please see Figure 5 This invention discloses a wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor, comprising an interrogation antenna and a response antenna. The object to be measured is brought into contact with the dielectric substrate of the response antenna. The response antenna is used to measure the temperature change of the object. Information is acquired between the response antenna and the interrogation antenna via electromagnetic waves. Changes in the distance between the interrogation antenna and the response antenna can cause changes in the input reflection parameters of the entire system composed of the two antennas. The object to be measured is fixed at either the interrogation antenna or the response antenna. The interrogation antenna and the response antenna together measure the displacement change of the object. Temperature and displacement information are transmitted through the interrogation antenna.

[0044] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The response antenna includes a square double-loop structure 1 and a dielectric substrate 2, with the square double-loop structure 1 located at the center of the surface of the dielectric substrate 2.

[0045] The square double open-loop structure 1 of the response antenna is a metamaterial structure, which gives the response antenna a high quality factor and a relatively concentrated electromagnetic field distribution.

[0046] The square double-open-loop structure 1 of the response antenna has a certain thickness and is made of one of the following metallic materials: gold, platinum, or copper. It is fabricated using a magnetron sputtering process. The sputtering parameters of the magnetron sputtering machine are: sputtering power of 200W, argon flow rate of 30sccm, and vacuum degree of 4.2×10⁻⁶. -5 The time was 120 minutes. The thickness of the magnetron sputtering mask was 0.2 mm.

[0047] The response antenna dielectric substrate 2 has a circular structure with a certain thickness. The material is a dielectric ceramic material, and its dielectric constant changes with temperature.

[0048] All structural parameters and dimensions of the response antenna were determined through simulation using the three-dimensional structural electromagnetic field simulation software High Frequency Structure Simulator.

[0049] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The interrogation antenna includes an interrogation antenna dielectric substrate 4, an interrogation antenna radiating patch 3, and an interrogation antenna ground plane 5, with the interrogation antenna radiating patch 3 and the interrogation antenna ground plane 5 located on the surface of the interrogation antenna dielectric substrate 4.

[0050] The dielectric substrate 4 of the interrogation antenna is a rectangular dielectric material. After optimization of its dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent, the interrogation antenna can be guaranteed to have good directivity and high emissivity.

[0051] The interrogation antenna radiating patch 3 and the interrogation antenna ground plate 5 have a certain thickness and are made of one of gold, platinum, or copper. They are prepared by magnetron sputtering, with the following sputtering parameters: current intensity of 0.4 amps, argon flow rate of 20 sccm, and vacuum degree of 3.0 × 10⁻⁶. -5 The time was 120 minutes. The thickness of the magnetron sputtering mask was 0.2 mm.

[0052] All structural parameters and dimensions of the antenna were determined through simulation using the three-dimensional structural electromagnetic field simulation software High Frequency Structure Simulator.

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] Please see Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor of the present invention. The dielectric constant of the response antenna changes with temperature, therefore the resonant frequency of the response antenna also changes with temperature. The temperature change can be measured through the resonant frequency value, and the response antenna constitutes the temperature sensor part. The input reflection coefficient of the combined interrogation antenna and response antenna changes with the distance between them. The interrogation antenna is fixed, and the displacement change of the response antenna can be measured through the input reflection coefficient value. The response antenna and interrogation antenna together constitute the displacement sensor part. Thus, a wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor is realized. Both the resonant frequency value and the input reflection coefficient value can be transmitted to the outside through the response antenna to obtain temperature and displacement information.

[0055] Please see Figure 6 The figure shows the relationship between the resonant frequency of the wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor of this invention and the temperature value. When the temperature rises from 28℃ to 140℃, the sensor's resonant frequency monotonically decreases from 2.5307GHz to 2.5076GHz. A linear relationship can be observed between the temperature change and the sensor's resonant frequency, with an R-squared value of 0.99425 for the linear fit. This verifies that the wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor described in this invention can be used for temperature measurement.

[0056] Please see Figure 7 This diagram illustrates the relationship between the input reflection coefficient of the wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor of this invention and the displacement value of the responder antenna. With the interrogation antenna position fixed and the responder antenna moved, the sensor's input reflection coefficient increases from -34.5366 dB to -23.48174 dB as the distance between the responder and interrogation antennas increases from 0 mm to 12.5 mm. It can be observed that the change in distance between the responder and interrogation antennas exhibits a quadratic coefficient relationship with the sensor's input reflection coefficient, with an R-squared value of 0.98841. This verifies that the wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor described in this invention can be used for displacement measurement.

[0057] In summary, the present invention provides a wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor that can simultaneously measure temperature and displacement, and also solves the signal transmission problem of sensors in complex environments where wired active methods are inconvenient for transmission.

[0058] The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor, characterized in that, It includes an interrogation antenna and a response antenna. The object being measured at temperature is brought into contact with the dielectric substrate of the response antenna. The response antenna is used to measure the temperature change of the object being measured. The response antenna and the interrogation antenna acquire information through electromagnetic waves. The change in distance between the interrogation antenna and the response antenna can cause a change in the input reflection parameters of the whole composed of the two units of the interrogation antenna and the response antenna. The object being measured at displacement is fixed at the interrogation antenna or the response antenna. The interrogation antenna and the response antenna together realize the displacement change measurement of the object being measured. The temperature information and displacement information are transmitted through the interrogation antenna. The response antenna includes a square double-loop structure (1), which is located at the center of the surface of the dielectric substrate (2). The dielectric substrate (2) is circular and made of dielectric ceramic material. The interrogation antenna includes an interrogation antenna dielectric substrate (4), on which an interrogation antenna radiating patch (3) and an interrogation antenna ground plane (5) are disposed. The interrogation antenna ground plane (5) is disposed on both sides of the lead-out end of the interrogation antenna radiating patch (3). The interrogation antenna dielectric substrate (4) is a rectangular dielectric material.

2. The wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The square double-open-loop structure of the response antenna (1) is a metamaterial structure.

3. The wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The square double-loop structure of the response antenna (1) is made of metal material and manufactured by magnetron sputtering.

4. The wireless passive displacement-temperature composite sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna radiating patch (3) and the antenna ground (5) are made of metal materials and are manufactured by magnetron sputtering.

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