A reinforcing construction method for replacing prefabricated plates of old houses with cast-in-place plates

Abstract

The application discloses a reinforcing construction method for replacing prefabricated plates with cast-in-place plates of old houses, and belongs to the technical field of old house reinforcing. The method comprises the following construction steps: S1, chiseling one end of the prefabricated plate inside the brick wall to form an installation cavity; S2, placing an I-steel structure in the installation cavity to support the brick wall; S3, removing the prefabricated plate chiseled at the end by a prefabricated plate removing device; S4, repeating the steps S1-S3 to remove all the prefabricated plates in the brick wall; S5, erecting a cast-in-place steel bar frame and a cast-in-place formwork on the I-steel structure; S6, pouring concrete into the cast-in-place formwork; and S7, removing the cast-in-place formwork and curing the cast-in-place plate formed by pouring. The technical scheme is used to improve the construction efficiency of replacing the prefabricated plates of old houses with cast-in-place plates in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of old building reinforcement technology, specifically relating to a reinforcement construction method for replacing precast slabs with cast-in-place slabs in old buildings. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of human society, the improvement of productivity, and the advancement of science and technology, building structural design standards are constantly improving, and people are paying more and more attention to the safety of houses. Therefore, some old houses that have been in use for a long time need to be reinforced and renovated.

[0003] This involves removing the old precast slabs and replacing them with cast-in-place slabs for reinforcement. However, this method has a problem: because the short ends of the precast slabs are located inside the brick wall, directly removing the slabs would cause the brick wall to lose support and become unstable. To avoid this, existing technology uses jacks to support the brick wall where the precast slabs are removed, ensuring its stability. However, this method is inefficient in practice because the placement and support of the jacks are relatively complicated, they interfere with the pouring of the cast-in-place slab, and the jacks need to be removed after pouring. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a reinforcement construction method for replacing precast slabs with cast-in-place slabs in old houses, so as to improve the construction efficiency of replacing precast slabs with cast-in-place slabs in old houses in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention discloses a reinforcement construction method for replacing precast slabs with cast-in-place slabs in old buildings, comprising the following construction steps:

[0007] S1. Remove one end of the precast slab inside the brick wall to create an installation cavity;

[0008] S2. Place an I-beam structure inside the installation cavity to support the brick wall;

[0009] S3. Disassemble the precast slabs that have been chiseled off at the ends using a precast slab removal device;

[0010] S4. Repeat steps S1-S3 to remove all the precast slabs inside the brick wall.

[0011] S5. Erect cast-in-place steel reinforcement frames and cast-in-place formwork on the I-beam structure;

[0012] S6. Pour concrete into the cast-in-place slab within the erected cast-in-place formwork;

[0013] S7. Remove the cast-in-place formwork and cure the cast-in-place slab formed by the pouring.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S1, when chiseling away the ends of the precast slab, only the portion of the precast slab located inside the brick wall is chiseled away.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S2, the load calculation needs to be performed before the I-beam structure is placed into the installation cavity.

[0016] Furthermore, the I-beam structure includes an upper support plate and a lower support plate, with several sets of locking assemblies arranged side by side between the upper and lower support plates. Each locking assembly includes an inner sliding cylinder, an outer sliding cylinder, a threaded sleeve, an upper baffle, and a lower baffle. One end of the inner sliding cylinder is fixed to the upper support plate, one end of the outer sliding cylinder is fixed to the lower support plate, and the other end of the inner sliding cylinder is slidably connected to the inside of the outer sliding cylinder. The threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the outer sliding cylinder, the upper baffle is fixed to the outer surface of the inner sliding cylinder, and the lower baffle is fixed to the end of the threaded sleeve facing the upper baffle.

[0017] Furthermore, the inner slide cylinder is equipped with a support spring, and the two ends of the support spring are respectively fixed to the upper support plate and the lower support plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the precast slab removal device includes a base plate, on which upright plates are symmetrically arranged along the length of the base plate. One end of each upright plate is rotatably connected to the base plate. A sliding groove is provided in the middle of the upright plate, and sliding plates are arranged side by side in the sliding groove. The two ends of the sliding plates are slidably connected to the sliding groove. Lifting elements are provided at both ends of the base plate. The lifting elements are used to control the up and down movement of the sliding plates in the sliding groove. The rotation direction of the upright plates is perpendicular to the brick wall surface, and a limiting rod is detachably connected to the side of the upright plates away from the brick wall surface.

[0019] Furthermore, a tie rod is provided on the side of the upright plate facing the base plate, which is detachably connected to it.

[0020] Furthermore, the hoisting element includes a winch, a hoisting rope, and a fixed pulley. The winch is fixed to the base plate, the fixed pulley is fixed to the end of the upright plate away from the base plate, one end of the hoisting rope is connected to the winch, and the other end of the hoisting rope passes through the fixed pulley and is connected to the end of the sliding plate.

[0021] Furthermore, the upright plate includes a fixed part and a sliding part. The sliding part is slidably connected to the fixed part. One end of the fixed part is rotatably connected to the base. An edge frame is provided on the surface of the sliding plate away from the base plate, and a rubber block is provided inside the edge frame.

[0022] Furthermore, the precast slab removal device also includes at least one support block, which is placed on the ground directly below the precast slab, and the height of the support block is greater than the distance between the bottom plate and the lower end of the chute.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0024] (1) In this construction method, by first chiseling out the installation cavity and then placing the I-beam structure to support the brick wall, the support steps and the complexity of the support components are simplified. At the same time, when pouring the concrete, there is no need to dismantle the I-beam structure, which greatly improves the construction efficiency.

[0025] (2) The design of the I-beam structure allows the height between the upper and lower support plates to be adjusted, making it easy to place into the installation cavity. At the same time, it can also lock the upper and lower support plates to form a stable clamping support.

[0026] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in the following description and will be apparent to those skilled in the art in some respects, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the following figures are provided for illustration:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of chiseling away the precast slab to form an installation cavity in the reinforcement construction method of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of erecting a cast-in-place steel reinforcement frame on an I-beam structure in the reinforcement construction method of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the reinforcement construction method of the present invention, in which an I-beam structure is installed between brick walls for support.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation process when the end of the precast slab has not been removed in the reinforcement construction method of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the I-beam structure in the reinforcement construction method of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the I-beam structure in the reinforcement construction method of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the precast slab removal device during the dismantling of the precast slab in the reinforcement construction method of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the precast slab removal device sliding out from under the precast slab in the reinforcement construction method of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the precast slab removal device in the reinforcement construction method of the present invention.

[0037] The following labels are shown in the attached diagram:

[0038] 1. Brick wall; 2. Precast slab; 3. I-beam structure; 31. Upper support plate; 32. Lower support plate; 33. Inner slide cylinder; 34. Upper baffle; 35. Outer slide cylinder; 36. Threaded sleeve; 37. Lower baffle; 38. Support spring; 4. Cast-in-place reinforced steel frame; 5. Base plate; 6. Vertical plate; 7. Slide groove; 8. Slide plate; 9. Fixed pulley; 10. Hoisting rope; 11. Winch; 12. Tie rod; 13. Limiting rod; 14. Rubber block; 15. Support pier; 16. Installation cavity; 17. Residual part. Detailed Implementation

[0039] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the present invention discloses a reinforcement construction method for replacing precast slabs with cast-in-place slabs in old buildings, comprising the following construction steps:

[0040] S1. Remove one end of the precast slab 2 located inside the brick wall 1 to form an installation cavity 16;

[0041] It should be noted that there may be one or two precast slabs 2 inside the brick wall 1. When there are two precast slabs 2, the ends of the two precast slabs 2 need to be removed respectively.

[0042] S2. Insert the I-beam structure 3 into the installation cavity 16 to support the brick wall 1;

[0043] After chiseling off the end of the precast slab 2 and removing the debris, an installation cavity 16 will be formed inside the brick wall 1. Then, the fabricated I-beam structure 3 is placed inside the installation cavity 16 to support the brick wall 1 on the upper and lower sides of the installation cavity 16.

[0044] S3. The precast slab 2 with the end chiseled off is disassembled using the precast slab 2 removal device;

[0045] The precast slab 2 with the end removed is dismantled using the precast slab 2 dismantling device. It should be noted that because the precast slab 2 is at risk of falling after the end is removed, it is necessary to support the precast slab 2 in advance. Therefore, the precast slab 2 end dismantling device needs to have the dual functions of support and dismantling.

[0046] S4. Repeat steps S1-S3 to remove all precast slabs 2 inside brick wall 1.

[0047] S5. Erect cast-in-place steel frame 4 and cast-in-place formwork on I-beam structure 3;

[0048] It should be noted that the method of erecting the cast-in-place steel frame 4 and the cast-in-place formwork is existing technology and will not be elaborated on here. In this construction method, the I-beam structure 3, which plays a supporting role, does not need to be demolished, and the welding and erection of steel bars can be carried out directly on it. At the same time, the method of using the I-beam structure 3 for support eliminates the need to use hydraulic jacks or other complex support components to support the upper and lower walls of the brick wall 1 as in existing technologies, simplifying the construction steps and improving construction efficiency.

[0049] S6. Pour concrete into the cast-in-place slab within the erected cast-in-place formwork;

[0050] S7. Remove the cast-in-place formwork and cure the cast-in-place slab formed by the pouring.

[0051] In one feasible approach, during step S1, when chiseling away the end of the precast slab 2, only the portion of the precast slab 2 located inside the brick wall 1 is chiseled away. This can be understood as prioritizing the creation of an installation cavity 16 for the installation of the I-beam structure. At this point, a residual portion 17 remains at the end of the precast slab 2 located inside the brick wall 1. The residual portion 17 can support the brick wall 1, ensuring the stability of the brick wall 1 before the installation of the I-beam structure 3.

[0052] In one feasible approach, in step S2, before the I-beam structure 3 is placed into the installation cavity 16, a load calculation needs to be performed. It is easy to understand that after the I-beam structure 3 is placed, the load it can withstand should not be less than the supporting force of the precast slab 2 on the brick wall 1. The load calculation is a common calculation method in the construction industry, and will not be elaborated on here.

[0053] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, in one feasible embodiment, the I-beam structure 3 includes an upper support plate 31 and a lower support plate 32. The upper support plate 31 and lower support plate 32 can be made of steel plates. Several sets of locking assemblies are arranged side-by-side between the upper support plate 31 and lower support plate 32, depending on the length of the upper support plate 31 and lower support plate 32. In this technical solution, there are two sets of locking assemblies, each including an inner sliding cylinder 33, an outer sliding cylinder 35, a threaded sleeve 36, an upper baffle 34, and a lower baffle 37, all made of steel. One end of the slide cylinder 33 is fixed to the upper support plate 31, one end of the outer slide cylinder 35 is fixed to the lower support plate 32, the other end of the inner slide cylinder 33 is slidably connected to the inside of the outer slide cylinder 35, and the threaded sleeve 36 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the outer slide cylinder 35. Specifically, the inner surface of the threaded sleeve 36 is provided with threads, and the outer surface of the outer slide cylinder 35 is provided with threads that match those on the threaded sleeve 36. The upper baffle 34 is fixed to the outer side of the inner slide cylinder 33, and the lower baffle 37 is fixed to the end of the threaded sleeve 36 facing the upper baffle 34.

[0054] The working principle of the locking assembly is as follows:

[0055] Since the height of the mounting cavity 16 is fixed, if a common I-beam is used, in order to achieve a better clamping and support effect, the height of the I-beam should be the same as or slightly greater than the height of the mounting cavity 16. However, at this height, the I-beam is difficult to place into the mounting cavity 16, and interference will occur when it is placed in, which will be time-consuming and laborious, and will also damage the brick wall 1. This locking component is designed to adjust the height between the upper support plate 31 and the lower support plate 32, so that after it is easily placed into the mounting cavity 16, it can also achieve sliding locking of the upper support plate 31 and the lower support plate 32, thereby forming a stable clamping and support.

[0056] After the I-beam structure 3 is placed into the installation cavity 16, simply rotate the threaded sleeve 36. The threaded sleeve 36 will then move upward on the outer surface of the outer sliding cylinder 35. During the movement, the lower baffle 37 will push the upper baffle 34 to move, thereby causing the inner sliding cylinder 33 to move upward until it is pressed against the brick wall 1. At the same time, under the locking action of the threads, the I-beam structure 3 forms a stable support for the upper and lower walls of the brick wall 1. This structure can also be applied to the installation cavity 16 formed after the ends of the precast slabs 2 of different heights are removed.

[0057] In one feasible embodiment, a support spring 38 is provided inside the inner slide cylinder 33. The two ends of the support spring 38 are fixed to the upper support plate 31 and the lower support plate 32, respectively. It should be noted that the function of the support spring 38 is that after the I-beam structure is placed into the mounting cavity 16, the spring force will push the upper slide cylinder upward, so that the upper support plate 31 contacts the brick wall 1. Thus, when rotating the threaded sleeve 36, it will not contact the upper baffle 34, reducing rotational resistance and interference. At the same time, the two ends of the support spring 38 are fixed to the upper support plate 31 and the lower support plate 32, rather than to the end of the upper slide cylinder. The purpose of this is to make the part of the upper slide cylinder inside the lower slide cylinder longer, thereby increasing the height adjustment range of this I-beam structure.

[0058] like Figures 7-9 As shown, in one feasible embodiment, the precast slab 2 removal device includes a base plate 5. A certain number of balls or rollers can be installed on the base plate 5 to facilitate the movement of the device. Specifically, upright plates 6 are symmetrically arranged along the length of the base plate 5. One end of each upright plate 6 is rotatably connected to the base plate 5. A groove 7 is provided in the middle of the upright plate 6, and sliding plates 8 are provided within the parallel grooves 7. Both ends of the sliding plates 8 are slidably connected within the grooves 7. It should be noted that the two ends of the sliding plates 8 preferably extend to the outside of the grooves 7 and are then welded together. The baffle plate restricts the rotation of the slide plate 8. At the same time, the width of the slide plate 8 is at least the same as the width of the precast slab 2. Lifting elements are provided at both ends of the base plate 5. The lifting elements are used to control the up and down movement of the slide plate 8 in the slide groove 7. The lifting elements can be components such as electric hoists. The rotation direction of the upright plate 6 is perpendicular to the brick wall 1. A limiting rod 13 is detachably connected to the side of the upright plate 6 away from the brick wall 1. The function of the limiting rod 13 is to prevent the upright plate 6 from rotating towards the middle of the precast slab 2 under the gravity of the precast slab 2.

[0059] It should be noted that this precast slab 2 removal device is designed to fit this construction method. Because the construction method requires first chiseling away the ends of the precast slab 2, there is a risk that the precast slab 2 will fall. At the same time, due to the limited space inside the building, traditional cranes and other equipment are difficult to lift and remove the precast slab 2. In the existing technology, one might think of gradually removing the precast slab 2 by breaking it in the air. However, this removal method will result in debris and some precast slab 2 breaking and falling, which could cause damage to people or buildings.

[0060] Therefore, the working principle of this precast slab 2 removal device is as follows: First, a precast slab 2 removal device is installed at both ends of the brick wall 1 of the same precast slab 2. Then, through the action of the hoisting element, the sliding plate 8 is moved upward to make tight contact with the end position of the precast slab 2, forming a certain support for the precast slab 2. The advantage of this is that after the end of the precast slab 2 is chiseled out, the precast slab 2 will not fall under the action of gravity. After the end support of the precast slab 2 is completed, the end of the precast slab 2 can be chiseled out. After the chiseling is completed, since the end of the precast slab 2 is flush with the surface of the brick wall 1 or slightly outside the brick wall 1, the weight of the precast slab 2 is entirely on the sliding plate 8. At this time, it is only necessary to control the hoisting element to move the sliding plate 8 downward, so that the precast slab 2 can be moved to a position close to the ground at the bottom of the brick wall 1. At this time, the precast slab 2 can be removed at low altitude, ensuring the safety of the building and personnel.

[0061] To improve construction efficiency, the precast slab 2 removal device also includes at least one support block 15. The support block 15 is placed on the ground directly below the precast slab 2. The height of the support block 15 is greater than the distance between the bottom plate 5 and the lower end of the slide 7. When the precast slab 2 is placed on the support block 15, the slide plate 8 will move down. At this time, the entire weight of the precast slab 2 is on the support block 15. Since the upright plate 6 is rotatably connected to the bottom plate 5, the limiting rod 13 can be removed. Then, the bottom plate 5 is brought closer to the center of the precast slab 2, and the upright plate 6 can be laid down towards the support block 15. Then, the entire device can be moved out from the gap between the precast slab 2 and the ground, and the next precast slab 2 can be removed immediately without waiting for the precast slab 2 to be disassembled before moving the precast slab 2 removal device. It is easy to understand that the rotation of the upright plate 6 in one direction is limited by the limiting column, and the rotation in the other direction is limited by the brick wall 1 because it is set close to the brick wall 1. That is, when the precast slab 2 is hoisted and moved, the device is in a stable state.

[0062] In one feasible embodiment, a tie rod 12 is provided on the side of the upright plate 6 facing the base plate 5 and is detachably connected to it. The tie rod 12 can provide a reaction force to the upright plate 6 to prevent the upright plate 6 from tilting under the weight of the precast plate 2. At the same time, the connection between the tie rod 12 and the limiting rod 13 and the upright plate 6 can be achieved by using limiting posts and connecting ear plates, which will not be elaborated in detail here. Meanwhile, the limiting rod 13 should be stably supported with the ground. That is, a small limiting groove can be pre-set on the ground so that the end of the limiting rod 13 is located in the limiting groove, which can prevent it from sliding.

[0063] In one feasible embodiment, the lifting element includes a winch 11, a lifting rope 10, and a fixed pulley 9. The winch 11 is fixed to the base plate 5, the fixed pulley 9 is fixed to the end of the upright plate 6 away from the base plate 5, one end of the lifting rope 10 is connected to the winch 11, and the other end of the lifting rope 10 passes through the fixed pulley 9 and is connected to the end of the sliding plate 8.

[0064] In one feasible embodiment, the upright plate 6 includes a fixed part and a sliding part. The sliding part is slidably connected to the fixed part, and one end of the fixed part is rotatably connected to the base. This can be understood as setting the upright plate 6 as a telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod includes an inner sliding rod and an outer sliding rod. The positions of the inner sliding rod and the outer sliding rod are locked by a limiting post. This setting is to adjust the height of the upright plate so that it can be used for the removal of precast slabs 2 in houses with different floor heights. At the same time, the shorter height can also improve its passage performance between the precast slab 2 and the ground, and will not cause the problem of interference between the upright plate 6 and the support pier 15 due to the narrow width of the house. Preferably, the surface of the sliding plate 8 away from the bottom plate 5 is provided with an edge frame, and a rubber block 14 is provided in the edge frame. The rubber block 14 is limited by the frame and is not easy to slip off. At the same time, the setting of the rubber block 14 can play a role in anti-slip and shock absorption. Most importantly, it can play a role in raising the slider, that is, the length of the upright plate 6 can be relatively lower than that of the precast slab 2, so that the rubber block 14 can make support contact with the precast slab and avoid interference between the upright plate 6 and the precast slab 2.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to it in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reinforcement construction method for replacing precast slabs with cast-in-place slabs in old houses, characterized in that: The construction steps include the following: S1. Remove the portion of the precast slab located inside the brick wall to create an installation cavity; S2. Place an I-beam structure inside the installation cavity to support the brick wall; S3. Install the precast slab removal device under the precast slab, then chisel away the remaining part of the precast slab inside the brick wall, and disassemble the precast slab with the end chiseled away using the precast slab removal device. S4. Repeat steps S1-S3 to remove all the precast slabs inside the brick wall. S5. Erect cast-in-place steel reinforcement frames and cast-in-place formwork on the I-beam structure; S6. Pour concrete into the cast-in-place slab within the erected cast-in-place formwork; S7. Remove the cast-in-place formwork and cure the cast-in-place slab formed by the pouring. The I-beam structure includes an upper support plate and a lower support plate. Several sets of locking assemblies are arranged side-by-side between the upper and lower support plates. Each locking assembly includes an inner sliding cylinder, an outer sliding cylinder, a threaded sleeve, an upper baffle, and a lower baffle. One end of the inner sliding cylinder is fixed to the upper support plate, and one end of the outer sliding cylinder is fixed to the lower support plate. The other end of the inner sliding cylinder is slidably connected to the interior of the outer sliding cylinder. The threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the outer sliding cylinder. The upper baffle is fixed to the outer surface of the inner sliding cylinder, and the lower baffle is fixed to the end of the threaded sleeve facing the upper baffle. A support spring is provided inside the inner sliding cylinder, and both ends of the support spring are fixed to the upper and lower support plates, respectively. The precast slab removal device in step S3 includes a base plate, on which upright plates are symmetrically arranged along the length of the base plate. One end of each upright plate is rotatably connected to the base plate. A sliding groove is opened in the middle of the upright plate, and a sliding plate is arranged in the parallel sliding groove. Both ends of the sliding plate are slidably connected to the sliding groove. Lifting elements are provided at both ends of the base plate. The lifting elements are used to control the up and down movement of the sliding plate in the sliding groove. The rotation direction of the upright plate is perpendicular to the brick wall surface, and a limiting rod is detachably connected to the side of the upright plate away from the brick wall surface.

2. The reinforcement construction method for replacing precast slabs with cast-in-place slabs in old houses according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, when chiseling away the ends of the precast slab, only the portion of the precast slab located inside the brick wall is chiseled away.

3. The reinforcement construction method for replacing precast slabs with cast-in-place slabs in old houses according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, load calculations need to be performed on the I-beam structure before it is placed into the installation cavity.

4. The reinforcement construction method for replacing precast slabs with cast-in-place slabs in old houses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upright plate is provided with a tie rod that can be detachably connected to the bottom plate on the side facing it.

5. The reinforcement construction method for replacing precast slabs with cast-in-place slabs in old houses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hoisting components include a winch, a hoisting rope, and a fixed pulley. The winch is fixed to the base plate, the fixed pulley is fixed to the end of the upright plate away from the base plate, one end of the hoisting rope is connected to the winch, and the other end of the hoisting rope passes through the fixed pulley and is connected to the end of the sliding plate.

6. The reinforcement construction method for replacing precast slabs with cast-in-place slabs in old houses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upright plate includes a fixed part and a sliding part. The sliding part is slidably connected to the fixed part. One end of the fixed part is rotatably connected to the base. An edge frame is provided on the surface of the sliding plate away from the base plate, and a rubber block is provided inside the edge frame.

7. The reinforcement construction method for replacing precast slabs with cast-in-place slabs in old houses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precast slab removal device also includes at least one support block, which is placed on the ground directly below the precast slab, and the height of the support block is greater than the distance between the bottom plate and the lower end of the chute.

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