Printhead device and 3D printer

Abstract

The application relates to the field of 3D printing technology, and provides a printing head device and a 3D printer. The printing head device comprises a mounting piece, a switching assembly, an extrusion mechanism and a nozzle mechanism. The switching assembly comprises a power piece, a first switching piece and a second switching piece, the power piece is rotatably connected to the mounting piece, and the power piece is in transmission cooperation with the first switching piece. The extrusion mechanism comprises a driving assembly and a plurality of driven assemblies, the plurality of driven assemblies are movably connected to the mounting piece and are driven to move by the first switching piece. The nozzle mechanism is provided with a plurality of printing channels, the printing channels have a first state of outputting consumables and a second state of stopping outputting consumables. When the printing head device moves to a first position, the power piece is triggered, and the first switching piece is driven to rotate relative to the mounting piece; after the first switching piece rotates by a preset angle, the selected driven assembly moves to a position of cooperating with the driving assembly to form an extrusion channel, and the corresponding printing channel enters the first state. The application has the beneficial effect of improving printing efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular, relates to a printing head device and a 3D printer. BACKGROUND

[0002] In some existing printing heads, the extrusion mechanism and the nozzle mechanism jointly constitute a nozzle module, and are installed on a transfer device. At the same time, in order to realize the feeding of different consumables, the feeding channel of the consumables is usually switched by a motor or other driving structure. However, the motor or other driving structure has a large self-weight, which further increases the overall weight of the printing head, and easily leads to a decrease in printing efficiency. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a printing head device and a 3D printer to solve the technical problem of low printing efficiency of some existing printing head devices.

[0004] Embodiments of the present application are implemented as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a printing head device for a 3D printer. The printing head device comprises a mounting member, a switching assembly, an extrusion mechanism and a nozzle mechanism. The switching assembly comprises a power member, a first switching member and a second switching member. The power member is rotatably connected to the mounting member. The power member is in transmission cooperation with the first switching member. The first switching member is connected to the second switching member. The extrusion mechanism comprises a driving assembly and a plurality of driven assemblies. The driving assembly is arranged on the mounting member. The plurality of driven assemblies are movably connected to the mounting member respectively, and are configured to be moved by the first switching member. The nozzle mechanism is connected to the mounting member. The nozzle mechanism is provided with a plurality of printing channels. Each printing channel is arranged corresponding to one driven assembly. The printing channel has a first state of outputting consumables and a second state of stopping outputting consumables. The second switching member is arranged at one end of the printing channel outputting consumables. When the printing head device moves to a first position, the power member is triggered, and drives the first switching member to rotate relative to the mounting member. After the first switching member rotates by a preset angle, the selected driven assembly moves to a position where the extrusion channel is formed in cooperation with the driving assembly, and the corresponding printing channel enters the first state.

[0006] When the print head device of the present application needs to switch different driven assemblies to switch different extrusion channels, the print head device moves towards any one of the columns in the first direction until the power member contacts the column, after which the print head device continues to move towards the column, the power member rotates relative to the mounting member, and in turn drives the first switching member to rotate relative to the mounting member. The first switching member rotates to drive the driven assemblies to move to different positions until the selected driven assembly moves to cooperate with the driving assembly to form an extrusion channel, which corresponds to the selected consumable, thereby completing the extrusion switching of the consumable. Moreover, the nozzle mechanism switches the printing channel corresponding to the extrusion channel to the first state, so that the consumable enters the printing channel and is finally sprayed, facilitating the subsequent printing process.

[0007] The print head device of the present application integrates the extrusion mechanism and the nozzle mechanism, and the switching power of the driven assemblies of the extrusion mechanism comes from the relative movement between the power member and the column. The weight of the power member is lighter than the existing motor structure, thereby reducing the weight of the print head device, ensuring the moving speed of the print head device, reducing the moving inertia of the print head device, and improving the printing efficiency and the printing quality on the basis of meeting the functions of proximal extrusion and multi-consumable switching.

[0008] In one possible implementation,

[0009] The switching assembly further includes a connecting shaft rotatably penetrating the mounting member and the nozzle mechanism, the first switching member is connected to one end of the connecting shaft, and the second switching member is connected to the other end of the connecting shaft. The second switching member can rotate with the first switching member around the axis of the connecting shaft to switch the state of the printing channel.

[0010] In one possible implementation,

[0011] The nozzle mechanism includes a heat-conducting block connected to the mounting member, the heat-conducting block defines a plurality of printing channels, and the second switching member includes a rotating disc and a nozzle. The rotating disc is located on the side of the heat-conducting block away from the mounting member, the rotating disc is connected to the first switching member through the connecting shaft, and the nozzle is arranged on the rotating disc. The rotating disc is configured to be driven by the first switching member to rotate relative to the heat-conducting block until the nozzle communicates with the printing channel corresponding to the selected driven assembly, so that the printing channel enters the first state and the other printing channels enter the second state.

[0012] In one possible implementation,

[0013] The power member comprises a swing arm, a rotating shaft and a transmission part, the fixed end of the swing arm is connected to one end of the rotating shaft, the other end of the rotating shaft is connected to the transmission part, the transmission part is in transmission cooperation with the first switching member, the free end of the swing arm is configured to abut against the frame of the 3D printer when the print head device moves to a first position, the free end is also configured to keep abutting against the frame when the print head device moves from the first position to a second position, the fixed end of the swing arm and the rotating shaft are configured to rotate relative to the mounting member when the print head device moves from the first position to the second position, and the transmission part drives the first switching member to rotate by a preset angle after the print head device moves to the second position.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner,

[0015] The switching assembly further comprises a first elastic member elastically supported between the swing arm and the mounting member. The transmission part is in one-way transmission cooperation with the first switching member, the swing arm is configured to drive the first switching member to rotate forward through the transmission part after the fixed end abuts against the frame, and the elastic force of the first elastic member can drive the swing arm to drive the rotating shaft to rotate reversely relative to the mounting member after the free end is separated from the frame, so as to drive the transmission part to rotate reversely and reset.

[0016] In a possible implementation manner,

[0017] The first switching member is provided with a mounting groove, the groove side surface of the mounting groove is provided with a plurality of cooperation grooves, the plurality of cooperation grooves are distributed around the rotating shaft, the cooperation groove comprises a slope and an abutting surface which are arranged at intervals in the radial direction of the rotating shaft, the transmission part comprises a plurality of pushing parts, the plurality of pushing parts are respectively distributed around the rotating shaft, when the transmission part rotates forward, the plurality of pushing parts can respectively slide into the cooperation grooves along the slope and abut against the abutting surface, so as to drive the first switching member to rotate forward, and when the transmission part rotates reversely, the plurality of pushing parts are respectively separated from the plurality of cooperation grooves along the slope, and rotate reversely relative to the first switching member.

[0018] In a possible implementation manner,

[0019] The peripheral surface of the first switching member is provided with an inner concave avoiding groove, the first switching member can rotate relative to the mounting member, so that the selected driven assembly abuts against the groove bottom surface of the avoiding groove and cooperates with the driving assembly to form the extrusion channel.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner,

[0021] The extrusion mechanism further comprises a plurality of second elastic members, which are respectively elastically supported between the plurality of mounting members and the plurality of driven assemblies, and elastically press the driven assemblies against the outer periphery of the first switching member.

[0022] In one possible implementation,

[0023] The driving assembly is arranged on the mounting member and connected to the driving wheel, and is configured to drive the driving wheel to rotate and drive the driven wheel to rotate in cooperation with the driving wheel, thereby conveying the consumable.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present application provides a 3D printer, comprising a frame, a printing platform and the printing head device described above. The frame is provided with a trigger member. The printing platform is installed on the frame and is configured to carry a printing model. The printing head device is configured to move relative to the frame to perform printing on the printing platform. When the printing head device moves to a first position, the trigger member abuts against the driving member to drive the first switching member to rotate relative to the mounting member. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the printing head device of an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the 3D printer of an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 3 The Figure 2 The top view of the 3D printer.

[0029] Figure 4 The Figure 1 The sectional view of the printing head device.

[0030] Figure 5 The Figure 1 The exploded structure diagram of the printing head device.

[0031] Figure 6 TheFigure 1 Structure diagram of the mounting member and the switching assembly of the printhead device.

[0032] Figure 7 For Figure 1 Structure diagram of the driving part and the first switching member of the printhead device.

[0033] Figure 8 For Figure 1 Structure diagram of the printhead device.

[0034] Figure 9 For Figure 1 Top view of the printhead device.

[0035] Figure 10 For Figure 1 Structure diagram of the driven assembly of the printhead device.

[0036] Figure 11 For Figure 1 Partial sectional view of the printhead device.

[0037] Figure 12 For Figure 1 Structure diagram of the detecting member of the printhead device.

[0038] Figure 13 For Figure 1 Structure diagram of the nozzle mechanism of the printhead device.

[0039] Figure 14 For Figure 13 Exploded structure diagram of the nozzle mechanism.

[0040] Main element symbol description:

[0041]

[0042]

[0043] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments of the present application.

[0045] It is to be understood that where an element such as a layer, region or substrate is described as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements can also be present. Where an element such as a layer, region or substrate is described as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements can also be present. Where an element such as a layer, region or substrate is described as being "positioned on" another element, it can be directly positioned on the other element or intervening elements can also be present. Relative terms such as "lower" and "upper" are used to describe the physical positions of elements in the drawings. These relative terms are used only to simplify the drawings, and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this description, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0047] Some embodiments of the application are described in detail. The following embodiments and features of the embodiments can be combined with each other, without conflict.

[0048] Referring to Figures 1 to 4 The embodiment provides a print head device 100, the print head device 100 is used for a 3D printer 200. The print head device 100 comprises a mounting piece 10, a switching assembly 20, an extrusion mechanism 30 and a nozzle mechanism 40. The switching assembly 20 comprises a power piece 21, a first switching piece 22 and a second switching piece 23. The power piece 21 is rotatably connected to the mounting piece 10, the power piece 21 is in transmission cooperation with the first switching piece 22, and the first switching piece 22 and the second switching piece 23 are connected. The extrusion mechanism 30 comprises a driving assembly 31 and a plurality of driven assemblies 32, the driving assembly 31 is arranged on the mounting piece 10, the plurality of driven assemblies 32 are movably connected to the mounting piece 10 respectively and are configured to be driven to move by the first switching piece 22. The nozzle mechanism 40 is connected to the mounting piece 10, the nozzle mechanism 40 is provided with a plurality of printing channels 41, the plurality of printing channels 41 are arranged correspondingly with the plurality of driven assemblies 32 respectively, the printing channel 41 has a first state of ejecting consumables and a second state of stopping ejecting consumables, and the second switching piece 23 is arranged at one end of the printing channel 41 outputting the consumables. Wherein, when the print head device 100 moves to a first position, the power piece 21 is triggered, and drives the first switching piece 22 to rotate relative to the mounting piece 10; after the first switching piece 22 rotates by a preset angle, the selected driven assembly 32 moves to a position cooperating with the driving assembly 31 to form an extrusion channel Q, and the corresponding printing channel 41 enters the first state.

[0049] In the present application, "a plurality of" generally means "at least two".

[0050] When the printhead device 100 of this embodiment needs to switch different driven components 32 to switch different extrusion channels Q, the printhead device 100 moves to a first position to trigger the power member 21. Afterward, the printhead device 100 continues to move while the power member 21 remains triggered. The power member 21 rotates relative to the mounting member 10, driving the first switching member 22 and the second switching member 23 to rotate. During the rotation of the first switching member 22, it can push multiple driven components 32 to displace relative to the mounting member 10. After the first switching member 22 rotates by a preset angle, the selected driven component 32 moves and cooperates with the active component 31 to form the extrusion channel Q. This extrusion channel Q corresponds to the selected consumable, thus completing the extrusion switching of the consumable. Simultaneously, the second switching member 23 also rotates synchronously with the first switching member 22. After rotating by a preset angle, the second switching member 23 can also cause the printing channel 41 corresponding to the selected driven component 32 to enter a first state. Thus, the consumable can be extruded through the extrusion channel Q and ejected from the printing channel 41, realizing the printing operation.

[0051] In this embodiment, the consumables corresponding to different driven components 32 can be consumables with different physical and chemical properties such as color and melting point, so as to switch different consumables according to the actual printing setting requirements and realize the switching of multiple consumables.

[0052] For example, see Figure 4 , Figure 4 The driven component 32 on the left side is spaced apart from the driving component 31, and an extrusion channel Q is formed between the driven component 32 on the right side and the driving component 31. The consumable material corresponding to the driven component 32 on the right side can be conveyed to the nozzle mechanism 40. When Figure 4 The printhead assembly 100 moves along the first direction X, and the power unit 21 rotates clockwise, causing the power unit 21 to move the left-side driven component 32 to a position forming an extrusion channel Q with the active component 31. The right-side driven component 32 is then spaced apart from the active component 31, allowing the consumable material corresponding to the left-side driven component 32 to be delivered to the printhead mechanism 40, completing the consumable switching. When there are multiple driven components 32, the angle or direction of clockwise rotation of the power unit 21 can be adjusted to allow other selected driven components 32 to cooperate with the active component 31 to form the extrusion channel Q.

[0053] The printing head device 100 of the embodiment integrates the extrusion mechanism 30 and the nozzle mechanism 40, and the switching power of the driven assembly 32 of the extrusion mechanism 30 is formed after the power piece 21 is triggered during the movement of the mounting piece 10. The weight of the power piece 21 is lighter than the existing motor structure, so as to reduce the weight of the printing head device 100, ensure the movement speed of the printing head device 100, reduce the movement inertia of the printing head device 100, and improve the printing efficiency and the printing quality on the basis of meeting the functions of proximal extrusion and multi-material switching. Meanwhile, the rotation of the first switching piece 22 and the second switching piece 23 is realized by the single power piece 21, which can further reduce the weight of the printing head device 100.

[0054] In the embodiment, referring to Figure 2 , the 3D printer 200 further includes a frame body 201. The frame body 201 is provided with a trigger piece 2012. The first position of the printing head device 100 refers to the position where the power piece 21 abuts against the trigger piece 2012 and is triggered. The second position refers to the position where the printing head device 100 continues to move the frame body 201 to the position where the power piece 21 drives the first switching piece 22 to rotate by a preset angle after the power piece 21 abuts against the trigger piece 2012 while the power piece 21 is triggered.

[0055] For example, referring to Figure 2 , the frame body 201 includes two upright columns 2011 spaced apart along the first direction X. The trigger piece 2012 is arranged on at least one upright column 2011. The first position refers to the position where the power piece 21 abuts against the trigger piece 2012 and is triggered. The second position refers to the position where the mounting piece 10 continues to move along the first direction X to the position where the first switching piece 22 rotates by a preset angle after the power piece 21 abuts against the trigger piece 2012 while the power piece 21 is triggered.

[0056] In other embodiments, the frame body 201 can also be arranged as the frame body of any one or more of a whole machine type 3D printer, a delta 3D printer or an infinite Z-axis 3D printer. The specific structure of the frame body can be adjusted according to different types of 3D printers, which is not limited in the present application.

[0057] In the following, the embodiment is described by taking the driven assembly 32 as an example. In other embodiments, the number of the driven assembly 32 can be two, three or more than four.

[0058] In the embodiment, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 5, the power member 21 comprises a swing arm 211, a rotating shaft 212 and a transmission part 213. The swing arm 211 has a fixed end 2111 and a free end 2112 which are arranged along the length direction of the swing arm 211, the fixed end 2111 of the swing arm 211 is connected to one end of the rotating shaft 212, the other end of the rotating shaft 212 is connected to the transmission part 213, the transmission part 213 is in transmission cooperation with the first switching member 22, and the free end 2112 of the swing arm 211 is used to collide with the column 2011 so as to drive the first switching member 22 to rotate by the transmission part 213.

[0059] Referring to Figure 3 , when the swing arm 211 is in the initial position without contacting the column 2011, the length direction of the swing arm 211 intersects with the first direction X, and in the embodiment, the length direction of the swing arm 211 is parallel to the second direction Y.

[0060] When the extrusion mechanism 30 needs to switch from the current driven assembly 32 to another driven assembly 32 cooperating with the driving assembly 31, the mounting member 10 moves along the first direction X to be close to the column 2011 until the free end 2112 abuts against the column 2011, at this time, the free end 2112 is fixed in position along the first direction X, the print head device 100 is located in the first position, and the mounting member 10 continues to move along the first direction X, in this process, the swing arm 211 rotates around the free end 2112, at the same time, the fixed end 2111 of the swing arm 211 also rotates, thereby driving the rotating shaft 212 to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft 212, so as to drive the first switching member 22 to rotate by the transmission part 213, the print head device 100 enters the second position, and after the first switching member 22 rotates, the current driven assembly 32 is away from the driving assembly 31, and another driven assembly 32 cooperates with the driving assembly 31, thereby completing the switching of the driven assembly 32.

[0061] Optionally, referring to Figure 3 , the column 2011 is provided with a trigger member 2012 which protrudes along the first direction X, and the trigger member 2012 is arranged along the second direction Y away from the optical axis 203. After the mounting member 10 moves along the first direction X to be close to the column 2011, the free end 2112 of the swing arm 211 can abut against the trigger member 2012, and at the same time, the movement of the mounting member 10 close to the column 2011 is not affected. In other embodiments, the mounting member 10 and the column 2011 can also be arranged along the second direction Y away from each other, and the length direction of the swing arm 211 in the initial position is adjusted, so that the rotation of the swing arm 211 does not interfere with the movement of the mounting member 10.

[0062] Optionally, when the driven assembly 32 is provided with four driven assemblies, the switching angle of the swing arm 211 can be set to 90°, that is, the preset angle is 90°. In other embodiments, the rotation angle of the swing arm 211 around the free end 2112 to complete the switching of the driven assembly 32 can be adjusted according to the number of the driven assembly 32 and the arrangement of the driven assembly 32 on the mounting member 10.

[0063] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the switching assembly 20 further comprises a first elastic member 25. The first elastic member 25 is elastically supported between the swing arm 211 and the mounting member 10. The transmission part 213 is in one-way transmission cooperation with the first switching member 22, and after the swing arm 211 contacts the stand 2011, the swing arm 211 can drive the first switching member 22 to rotate in a forward direction N1 by driving the transmission part 213 under the action of the mounting member 10. After the swing arm 211 is separated from the stand 2011, the elastic force of the first elastic member 25 can drive the swing arm 211 to rotate in a reverse direction N2 relative to the mounting member 10, thereby driving the transmission part 213 to rotate in the reverse direction N2 and reset. The forward direction N1 and the reverse direction N2 can be seen in Figure 7 . Therefore, the first elastic member 25 can realize automatic reset of the print head device 100 from the second position to the first position, so as to ensure that the print head device 100 further completes the movement of the next driven assembly 32 to the position of cooperation with the driving assembly 31 to form the extrusion channel Q in the next process from the first position to the second position.

[0064] When the mounting member 10 moves towards the stand 2011 to rotate the swing arm 211 around the free end 2112 thereof, the fixed end 2111 of the swing arm 211 rotates around the axis of the rotating shaft 212 at the same time, and the first elastic member 25 is compressed or stretched. After the position of the first switching member 22 is switched, the mounting member 10 moves away from the stand 2011 in the first direction X, at which time the free end 2112 of the swing arm 211 is separated from the stand 2011, and the elastic force of the first elastic member 25 can drive the fixed end 2111 of the swing arm 211 to rotate in the reverse direction N2 relative to the mounting member 10, thereby driving the rotating shaft 212 to rotate in the reverse direction N2 and reset the transmission part 213, so as to facilitate the next switching of the position of the driven assembly 32. Through the provision of the first elastic member 25, the power member 21 of the switching assembly 20 can realize automatic reset function, without manual adjustment and without the need to set an additional power mechanism, which reduces the weight and control cost of the power member 21, thereby reducing the switching cost of the extrusion mechanism 30 while ensuring reliable switching of the driven assembly 32.

[0065] Optionally, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the first elastic member 25 is a torsion spring 25a, the mounting member 10 comprises a first connecting protrusion 11, the fixed end 2111 of the swing arm 211 is provided with a second connecting protrusion 2113, and the two ends of the tension spring are respectively fitted into the first connecting protrusion 11 and the second connecting protrusion 2113. In other embodiments, the first elastic member 25 can also be a tension spring or a compression spring or other elastic structure.

[0066] In this embodiment, referring toFigure 6 and Figure 7 The first switching piece 22 is provided with a mounting groove 221. The groove side of the mounting groove 221 is provided with a plurality of matching grooves 222, which are distributed around the rotation axis 212. The matching grooves 222 include inclined surfaces 2221 and abutting surfaces 2222, which are arranged along the radial direction of the rotation axis 212. The transmission part 213 includes a plurality of pushing parts 214, which are respectively distributed around the rotation axis 212. When the transmission part 213 rotates in the forward direction N1, the plurality of pushing parts 214 can respectively slide into the matching grooves 222 along the inclined surfaces 2221 and abut against the abutting surfaces 2222, so as to push the first switching piece 22 to rotate in the forward direction N1. When the transmission part 213 rotates in the reverse direction N2, the plurality of pushing parts 214 respectively disengage from the plurality of matching grooves 222 along the inclined surfaces 2221, and rotate in the reverse direction N2 relative to the first switching piece 22.

[0067] Through the structural design of the first switching piece 22 and the transmission part 213, the transmission part 213 can only drive the first switching piece 22 to rotate when the transmission part 213 is subjected to the rotational force in the forward direction N1. When the transmission part 213 is subjected to other forces, the first switching piece 22 will not rotate, thereby ensuring the position stability of the first switching piece 22, reducing the possibility of position change of the driven assembly 32 during printing, and improving the printing reliability. Meanwhile, after the transmission part 213 rotates by a preset angle, the mounting part 10 moves away from the column 2011 in the first direction X, the rotation axis 212 drives the transmission part 213 to rotate in the reverse direction N2 and reset. In this process, the first switching piece 22 remains stationary at the switched position and will not rotate with the transmission part 213, thereby ensuring that the switching of the position of the driven assembly 32 by the first switching piece 22 will not be affected by the resetting of the switching assembly 20.

[0068] Optionally, the plurality of pushing parts 214 are respectively arranged in an arc shape, so as to facilitate the sliding in and out of the matching grooves 222, thereby ensuring the cooperation reliability of the transmission part 213 and the first switching piece 22, and reducing the possibility of frictional resistance during relative movement.

[0069] In other embodiments, the transmission part 213 and the first switching piece 22 can be connected through other one-way transmission structures to realize one-way transmission. For example, an inner hole is arranged in the first switching piece 22, and the transmission part 213 can be a one-way wheel, which is matched with the inner hole and forms a one-way friction self-locking transmission with the inner hole. The one-way transmission is disconnected from the one-way transmission matching. In this way, when the one-way wheel rotates in the forward direction N1 under the driving of the rotation axis 212, the one-way wheel can drive the first switching piece 22 to rotate in the forward direction N1. When the one-way wheel rotates in the reverse direction N2 under the driving of the rotation axis 212, the one-way wheel is disengaged from the hole surface of the inner hole, and no longer drives the rotation of the first switching piece 22.

[0070] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 6The circumferential surface of the first switching member 22 is provided with an inner concave avoiding groove 223. The first switching member 22 can rotate relative to the mounting member 10, so that the selected driven assembly 32 is abutted against the groove bottom surface of the avoiding groove 223 and cooperates with the driving assembly 31 to form the extrusion channel Q. Meanwhile, the other driven assemblies 32 are abutted against the circumferential surface of the first switching member 22 and are kept in the position spaced apart from the driving assembly 31.

[0071] In other embodiments, a protruding part can also be provided on the circumferential surface of the first switching member 22, and the driven assembly 32 abutted against the protruding part cooperates with the driving assembly 31 to form the extrusion channel Q. Therefore, the shape of the first switching member 22 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0072] In addition, in the present embodiment, the first switching member 22 can be formed as a circular plate, and the arc-shaped outer circumference of the circular plate can reduce the damage of the second abutting part 323 to the driven assembly 32 during the switching between different positions, thereby improving the service life of the extrusion mechanism 30. In other embodiments, the second abutting part 323 can also be provided as a protrusion or a roller protruding outward on the circumferential surface of the first switching member 22, so as to further reduce the frictional force of the driven assembly 32 during the position switching.

[0073] In some embodiments, a plurality of first switching members 22 can be provided, and the plurality of first switching members 22 can be distributed along the third direction Z, or distributed along the first direction X, or distributed in an array along the first direction X and the third direction Z.

[0074] In the present embodiment, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 8 , the mounting member 10 includes a bottom plate 12, a connecting part 13, a side part 14, a top part 15 and a mounting part 16. The bottom plate 12 is connected with the nozzle mechanism 40, the bottom plate 12 is connected with the nozzle 232, and the bottom plate 12 is provided with a plurality of through holes 121 corresponding to the plurality of driven assemblies 32 and communicating the extrusion channels Q formed by the corresponding driven assemblies 32 and the driving assembly 31. The plurality of driven assemblies 32 are movably connected to the bottom plate 12. One end of the connecting part 13 is connected to the bottom plate 12, and the extrusion assembly is rotatably connected to the connecting part 13. The two sides of the extrusion assembly along the first direction X are respectively provided with one driven assembly 32, and the driven assembly 32 is movably connected to the bottom plate 12.

[0075] In other embodiments, the number of through holes 121 and the number of printing channels 41 can also be different, and the correspondence between the through holes 121 and the printing channels 41 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0076] In the present embodiment, referring to Figure 5The driving assembly 31 comprises a driving wheel 311. The driven assembly 32 comprises a driven bracket 321 and a driven wheel 322. The driven bracket 321 is rotatably connected to the bottom plate 12, and the driven wheel 322 is rotatably arranged on the driven bracket 321. The extrusion mechanism 30 further comprises a driving assembly 34 arranged on the mounting member 10 and connected to the driving wheel 311, the driving assembly 34 being configured to drive the driving wheel 311 to rotate, and the driving assembly 31 being capable of cooperating with the driven assembly 32 to form an extrusion channel Q and rotating together to convey the consumable.

[0077] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 5 , the driving assembly 31 comprises two driving wheels 311, and each driving wheel 311 is provided with a driven assembly 32 on both sides thereof along the radial direction (the first direction X). In this way, the overall integration of the extrusion mechanism 30 can be improved, and the volume of the extrusion mechanism 30 can be reduced while ensuring the number of the driven assemblies 32.

[0078] In this embodiment, the driving wheel 311 can be provided in plurality, and the plurality of driving wheels 311 can be arranged in a rectangular array. Hereinafter, two driving wheels 311 are taken as an example for description, and the two driving wheels 311 are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y. Obviously, in other embodiments, the arrangement mode of the driving wheels 311 and the specific number of the driving wheels 311 can be adjusted and changed according to actual needs, and the present embodiment does not make specific limitation thereto.

[0079] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the driving assembly 34 comprises a driving motor 341, a first gear 3421, two second gears 3422, and two third gears 3423. The driving motor 341 is fixedly arranged on the side portion 14. The first gear 3421 is connected to the output end of the driving motor 341, the two second gears 3422 are arranged at intervals on both sides of the mounting member 10 along the second direction Y, one second gear 3422 is engaged with the first gear 3421, and the two second gears 3422 are respectively connected to the two driving wheels 311. The two third gears 3423 are respectively engaged with the two second gears 3422 and arranged on one side of the mounting member 10 along the first direction X, and the two third gears 3423 are fixedly connected. In this way, the first gear 3421 transmits power to one second gear 3422, the second gear 3422 transmits power to the two third gears 3423, and one third gear 3423 transmits power to the other second gear 3422, thereby completing the rotation of the two driving wheels 311 driven by the driving motor 341.

[0080] By driving cooperation of the two second gears 3422 through the two third gears 3423, the outer space of the mounting member 10 can be utilized, thereby facilitating the arrangement of other elements on the inner side of the mounting member 10 and improving the integration of the extrusion mechanism 30.

[0081] Of course, in other embodiments, the two second gears 3422 can also be directly fixedly connected through a shaft body, or only one second gear 3422 meshing with the first gear 3421 can also be provided. The specific structure and transmission form of the transmission assembly can be adjusted according to the arrangement form of the driven assembly 32, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment.

[0082] In the embodiment, referring to Figures 5 to 8 , the two side portions 14 are respectively connected to the two sides of the bottom plate 12 along the second direction Y, one second gear 3422 and one third gear 3423 are rotatably matched with one side portion 14, and the other second gear 3422 and the other third gear 3423 are rotatably matched with the other side portion 14.

[0083] In the embodiment, referring to Figure 8 , the top portion 15 is spaced apart from the bottom plate 12 along the third direction Z, and the top portion 15 is connected to the connecting portion 13 and the two side portions 14. The top portion 15 is provided with a receiving hole 151. The first switching piece 22 is arranged in the receiving hole 151, the swing arm 211 of the switching assembly 20 is arranged on the upper side of the top portion 15, and the rotating shaft 212 penetrates through the top portion 15 and is connected with the first switching piece 22.

[0084] In the embodiment, referring to Figure 9 and Figure 10 , the driven assembly 32 includes a driven bracket 321 and a driven wheel 322, one end of the driven bracket 321 is rotatably connected to the mounting piece 10, and the driven wheel 322 is rotatably connected to the middle part of the driven bracket 321; the extrusion mechanism 30 further includes a plurality of second elastic pieces 33, the plurality of second elastic pieces 33 are respectively elastically supported between the mounting piece 10 and the plurality of driven brackets 321, and the driven bracket 321 is elastically pressed against the outer periphery of the first switching piece 22; the first switching piece 22 is used to push the driven bracket 321 to rotate relative to the mounting piece 10, so as to make the selected driven assembly 32 move to the position forming the extrusion channel Q with the driving assembly 31.

[0085] By rotating the first switching piece 22 to drive the plurality of driven brackets 321 to rotate relative to the mounting piece 10, the first switching piece 22 can simultaneously drive the plurality of driven brackets 321 to switch positions in a small space, thereby improving the integration of the extrusion mechanism 30.

[0086] In addition, the second elastic piece 33 is used to elastically abut the driven bracket 321 between the mounting piece 10 and the first switching piece 22, so that the position of the driven bracket 321 is stable and reliable. Even if the mounting piece 10 moves along the optical axis 203 and drives the driven bracket 321 to shake, the driven bracket 321 can quickly remain in a fixed position, thereby ensuring the reliability of the extrusion mechanism 30 in conveying the consumables.

[0087] Optionally, in the embodiment, referring to Figure 8 The mounting member 10 further comprises two mounting portions 16, which are arranged at two sides of the bottom plate 12 along the first direction X and are located between the two side portions 14 along the second direction Y. The driven assembly 32 further comprises a first rotating shaft 212 rotatably connected to the two side portions 14, and one end of a driven bracket 321 is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 212. In addition, two driven brackets 321 are respectively arranged between one mounting portion 16 and the two side portions 14, and another two driven brackets 321 are respectively arranged between the other mounting portion 16 and the other two side portions 14. In this way, the driven brackets 321 can be limited by the mounting portions 16 and the side portions 14 along the second direction Y, thereby improving the installation reliability of the driven brackets 321.

[0088] Optionally, referring to Figure 5 The second elastic member 33 can be a compression spring, and the two ends of the compression spring are respectively abutted between the driven bracket 321 and the mounting portion 16. In this way, two compression springs can be installed by one mounting portion 16. In other embodiments, the second elastic member 33 can also be a torsion spring 25a, which is sleeved on the first rotating shaft 212 and connected between the driven bracket 321 and the mounting member 10. Therefore, the specific structure and installation position of the second elastic member 33 can be adjusted according to actual needs, which will not be described here.

[0089] Optionally, referring to Figure 8 The mounting portion 16 is provided with a guide protrusion 161, and the compression spring is sleeved in the guide protrusion 161. The guide protrusion 161 can guide the extension direction of the compression spring, thereby ensuring the position switching reliability of the driven assembly 32.

[0090] In other embodiments, the driven bracket 321 is arranged obliquely, and the lower end of the driven bracket 321 is rotatably connected to the mounting member 10, and the upper end of the driven bracket 321 is arranged on the first switching member 22. In this way, the driven bracket 321 is kept against the outer periphery of the first switching member 22 under the action of gravity, and thus it is not necessary to additionally arrange the second elastic member 33.

[0091] In the embodiment, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5The driving wheel 311 comprises a driving gear 3111 and a driving feed wheel 3112. The driving gear 3111 and the driving feed wheel 3112 are coaxially arranged and fixedly connected. The driven wheel 322 comprises a driven gear 3221 and a driven feed wheel 3222. The driven gear 3221 and the driven feed wheel 3222 are coaxially arranged and fixedly connected. When the driving wheel 311 and the driven wheel 322 cooperate, the driving gear 3111 meshes with the driven gear 3221, the driving feed wheel 3112 is close to the driven feed wheel 3222, and the consumable between the driving feed wheel 3112 and the driven feed wheel 3222 is clamped. In this way, when the driving gear 3111 drives the driven gear 3221 to rotate, the driving feed wheel 3112 and the driven feed wheel 3222 rotate towards each other, and the consumable clamped between the driving feed wheel 3112 and the driven feed wheel 3222 moves towards the nozzle mechanism 40, thereby conveying the consumable to the nozzle mechanism 40. When the driving wheel 311 and the driven wheel 322 are separated, the driving gear 3111 no longer meshes with the driven gear 3221, and the distance between the driving feed wheel 3112 and the driven feed wheel 3222 is also greater than the outer diameter of the consumable, so that the consumable cannot be conveyed.

[0092] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 10 The driven bracket 321 is provided with a mounting hole 3211 along the second direction Y. Two hole surfaces of the mounting hole 3211 arranged opposite along the third direction Z are respectively provided with an inlet protrusion 324 and an outlet protrusion 325. The inlet protrusion 324 is used for feeding the consumable, and the outlet protrusion 325 is used for discharging the consumable. The inlet protrusion 324 and the outlet protrusion 325 are arranged spaced apart along the third direction Z. The width of the end of the inlet protrusion 324 close to the outlet protrusion 325 gradually decreases, and the width of the end of the outlet protrusion 325 close to the inlet protrusion 324 gradually decreases. The driving feed wheel 3112 is arranged on one side of the inlet protrusion 324 and the outlet protrusion 325. The driven wheel 322 is rotatably connected to the driven bracket 321 through the second rotating shaft 212 and is located in the mounting hole 3211. The driven feed wheel 3222 is located on the other side of the inlet protrusion 324 and the outlet protrusion 325. One side of the driving gear 3111 extends into the mounting hole 3211, and the driven gear 3221 is located in the mounting hole 3211 and is rotatably connected to the driven bracket 321. In this way, the cooperation of the driving wheel 311 and the driven wheel 322 can be facilitated.

[0093] Optionally, a plurality of outlet protrusions 325 are arranged one by one corresponding to a plurality of through holes 121 on the bottom plate 12.

[0094] Optionally, referring to Figure 10 The driven bracket 321 further comprises an abutting portion 323 protruding from the upper end of the driven bracket 321 and used for cooperating with the first switching piece 22. The abutting portion 323 can be a cylinder to reduce the friction between the driven bracket 321 and the first switching piece 22.

[0095] In this embodiment, referring toFigure 11 The switching assembly 20 further comprises a connecting shaft 24 rotatably penetrating the mounting member 10 and the nozzle mechanism 40, the first switching member 22 is connected to one end of the connecting shaft 24, and the second switching member 23 is connected to the other end of the connecting shaft 24, and the second switching member 23 can rotate with the first switching member 22 around the axis of the connecting shaft 24 to switch the state of the printing channel 41.

[0096] In this way, the power member 21 can simultaneously drive the first switching member 22 and the second switching member 23 to rotate, so that different driven assemblies 32 and different printing channels 41 are switched by a single power member 21, and the extrusion feeding of different consumables is met. Since the power source of the second switching member 23 is reduced, the weight of the print head device 100 can be further reduced, the moving speed of the print head device 100 can be further improved, and the printing efficiency can be further improved.

[0097] In other embodiments, the second switching member 23 can also be rotated by an independent driving mechanism. For example, a motor is provided on the driving member, the output shaft of the motor penetrates the connecting shaft 24 and is connected with the second switching member 23, so that the second switching member 23 can be controlled independently.

[0098] In the embodiment, referring to Figure 4 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 , the plurality of printing channels 41 are distributed around the connecting shaft 24, and the radial distance between the printing channel 41 and the axis of the connecting shaft 24 is equal, the nozzle 232 is arranged along the radial direction of the connecting shaft 24, the radial distance between the nozzle 232 and the connecting shaft 24 is equal to the radial distance between the printing channel 41 and the connecting shaft 24, and the projection of the extrusion channel Q formed by each driven assembly 32 and the driving assembly 31 on the nozzle mechanism 40 along the third direction Z is respectively coincided with the plurality of printing channels 41, so that after the first switching member 22 and the second switching member 23 are synchronously rotated, the extrusion channel Q can be accurately connected to the corresponding printing channel 41.

[0099] In the embodiment, referring to Figure 14 , the nozzle mechanism 40 comprises a heat conduction block 42 connected to the mounting member 10, the heat conduction block 42 defines the plurality of printing channels 41, the second switching member 23 comprises a rotating disc 231 and a nozzle 232, the rotating disc 231 is located on the side of the heat conduction block 42 away from the mounting member 10, and the rotating disc 231 is connected to the first switching member 22 through the connecting shaft 24, so that the first switching member 22 can drive the rotating disc 231 to rotate. The nozzle 232 is arranged on the rotating disc 231, and the rotating disc 231 is configured to be driven by the first switching member 22 to rotate relative to the heat conduction block 42 to connect the nozzle 232 with the selected printing channel 41, so that the printing channel 41 enters the first state, and the other printing channels 41 are closed to enter the second state.

[0100] Optionally, referring to Figure 14 , the nozzle mechanism 40 further comprises a heating ring 43, the heating ring 43 is sleeved on the outer side of the heat conduction block 42 and is used for heating the heat conduction block 42, so that the consumables entering the printing channel 41 are melted, and then extruded from the nozzle 232 of the rotating disc 231, realizing 3D printing.

[0101] In other embodiments, a heat insulation sleeve can be additionally arranged on the outer side of the heating ring 43, the heat insulation sleeve can play a heat insulation role on the heating ring 43, ensure the temperature stability in the printing channel 41, reduce the possibility of consumable solidification and blockage in the printing channel 41, and improve the printing reliability.

[0102] Optionally, a plurality of printing channels 41 are arrayed on the heat conduction block 42, the plurality of printing channels 41 penetrate through the heat conduction block 42 along the third direction Z, one end of each printing channel 41 corresponds to one extrusion channel Q in communication respectively, and the other end of the plurality of printing channels 41 is used for extruding the melted consumables.

[0103] In the embodiment, referring to Figure 4 , the plurality of printing channels 41 are arranged in the same heat conduction block 42, so that the heating temperatures of the printing channels 41 are the same, and the materials with the same melting point but different colors and other properties can be applied. In other embodiments, the heat conduction block 42 and the heating ring 43 can be arranged in multiple, and the plurality of printing channels 41 are arranged in different heat conduction blocks 42 respectively, so that different melting point consumables can be passed in different printing channels 41 to meet the heating and melting requirements of different consumables.

[0104] In the embodiment, referring to Figure 4 , the bottom surface of the heat conduction block 42 is provided with an annular groove 421, the openings of the plurality of printing channels 41 are arranged on the groove bottom surface of the annular groove 421, the top surface of the rotating disc 231 is provided with an annular protrusion 233, the annular protrusion 233 is fitted in the annular groove 421, the rotating disc 231 is provided with a conveying hole, the conveying hole is located in the annular protrusion 233, and the conveying hole extends to the nozzle 232, so that the printing channel 41 conveys the melted consumables to the nozzle 232 through the conveying hole. The cooperation of the annular protrusion 233 and the annular groove 421 can not only limit the relative rotation between the rotating disc 231 and the heat conduction block 42, but also can ensure the reliable communication of the selected printing channel 41 and the nozzle 232, and reduce the possibility of consumable overflow between the rotating disc 231 and the heat conduction block 42.

[0105] In the embodiment, referring to Figure 13 and Figure 14The nozzle mechanism 40 further comprises a heat dissipation member 45 connected to the side of the nozzle mounting member 10 away from the outlet of the printing channel 41, and the heat dissipation member 45 is provided with a plurality of intermediate channels 451 respectively connected between the plurality of printing channels 41 and the plurality of extrusion channels Q, so that the consumables enter the printing channel 41 through the intermediate channels 451. Optionally, the heat dissipation member 45 comprises a heat dissipation block provided with heat dissipation fins.

[0106] For reference Figure 11 In the embodiment, the printhead device 100 further comprises a detection member 50. The detection member 50 is configured to detect state information of the second switching member 23 to determine the position of the nozzle 232. The state information is the rotation angle of the second switching member 23 or the position information of the second switching member 23 relative to the mounting member 10, etc. The position of the nozzle 232 is the position of the nozzle 232 relative to the plurality of printing channels 41. Specifically, the nozzle 232 has a communication position and a closed position. When the nozzle 232 is located at the communication position, it is communicated with one of the printing channels 41 in the third direction Z. When the nozzle 232 is located at the closed position, it corresponds to the closed surface of the heat conduction block 42.

[0107] For further reference Figure 12 In the embodiment, the printhead device 100 further comprises a plurality of blocking portions 17. The plurality of blocking portions 17 are arranged around the outer periphery of the second switching member 23. The detection member 50 comprises a transmitting portion 51 and a receiving portion 52. The transmitting portion 51 is used to emit a detection signal towards the receiving portion 52. The detection signal can be a detection laser or a detection magnetic signal. The transmitting portion 51 and the receiving portion 52 are both located on the at least partial rotation path of the blocking portion 17, and the transmitting portion 51 and the receiving portion 52 are located on the two sides opposite to each other of the blocking portion 17. Among them, any one of the transmitting portion 51, the receiving portion 52 and the blocking portion 17 is fixed to the second switching member 23. When the second switching member 23 rotates to the position where the nozzle 232 is communicated with one of the printing channels 41, the blocking portion 17 blocks or stops blocking the detection signal emitted by the transmitting portion 51, so that the signal receiving state of the receiving portion 52 changes, and the receiving portion 52 further feeds back the detection signal to the control unit (not shown in the figure), and the control unit judges that the nozzle 232 is communicated with the printing channel 41 at this time according to the detection signal. In this way, the switching reliability of the second switching member 23 can be improved.

[0108] In the embodiment, the emitting part 51, the blocking part 17 and the receiving part 52 are all fixed between the heat dissipation member 45 and the mounting member 10 along the third direction Z. The emitting part 51 is provided with one and is fixed to the connecting shaft 24. The receiving part 52 is annular and is fixed to the bottom surface of the bottom plate 12 of the mounting member 10. The blocking part 17 is distributed along the circumference of the connecting shaft 24 and is located inside the receiving part 52. In this way, when the connecting shaft 24 rotates to the position where the blocking part 17 is located between the emitting part 51 and the receiving part 52, the blocking part 17 blocks the detection signal emitted by the emitting part 51, so that it can be judged that the nozzle 232 is in communication with one of the printing channels 41.

[0109] Optionally, the blocking part 17 can be provided as a communication pipe. The communication pipe is communicated between the through hole 121 of the communication bottom plate 12 and the intermediate passage 451 of the heat dissipation member 45 to avoid exposure during the conveying of the consumables. And since the blocking part 17 is arranged outside the heat dissipation member 45, it is arranged away from the heat conduction block 42 to further improve the operation reliability of the detection member 50.

[0110] Of course, in other embodiments, the blocking part 17, the emitting part 51 and the receiving part 52 can also be arranged on the top surface of the mounting member 10. At this time, the detection member 50 is provided with multiple, and the multiple detection members 50 are arranged one by one corresponding to the multiple printing channels 41. The emitting part 51 and the receiving part 52 are arranged at intervals along the third direction Z. The blocking part 17 is connected to the end of the connecting shaft 24 extending out of the top surface of the mounting member 10 and extends in any direction in the plane perpendicular to the third direction Z, and can extend into the emitting part 51 and the receiving part 52 to block the detection signal emitted by the emitting part 51. In this way, the operation of the detection member 50 can also be further avoided from being affected by the heat conduction block 42.

[0111] In other embodiments, the detection member 50 can also use other sensing elements that can detect the rotation angle, such as Hall sensors, and according to the angle distribution information of the multiple printing channels 41, it can be judged whether the nozzle 232 is in communication with the printing channel 41 through the angle information of the rotation of the connecting shaft 24.

[0112] Optionally, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 14 , the nozzle mechanism 40 further comprises multiple throat pipes 44, one end of the multiple throat pipes 44 is connected into the intermediate passage 451, and the other end is connected into the multiple printing channels 41, and the consumables can pass through the throat pipes 44 to reach the printing channels 41. The throat pipes 44 can have a heat insulation effect to ensure that the consumables in the intermediate passage 451 will not melt and block the intermediate passage 451, and ensure the smooth progress of the printing process.

[0113] Optionally, referring to Figure 4The throat pipe 44 comprises a first pipe 441, a second pipe 442 and a third pipe 443 connected in sequence, the pipe diameter of the second pipe 442 is smaller than the pipe diameter of the first pipe 441 and the pipe diameter of the third pipe 443. The first pipe 441 is fitted in the middle channel 451 of the heat dissipation member 45, the third pipe 443 is fitted in the heat conduction block 42 and is threadedly connected with the heat conduction pipe.

[0114] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the application further provides a 3D printer 200. The 3D printer 200 comprises a frame 201, the print head device 100 and a printing platform 202. The frame 201 is provided with a trigger member 2012. The printing platform 202 is mounted on the frame 201 and is configured to carry a printing model (not shown in the figure). The print head device 100 is configured to move relative to the frame 201 to print on the printing platform 202 to print the printing model. When the print head device 100 moves to the first position, the trigger member 2012 abuts against the power member 21 of the print head device 100 to drive the first switching member 22 to rotate relative to the mounting member 10.

[0115] The 3D printer 200 comprises the print head device 100 of any of the above embodiments, thus has the beneficial effects of the print head device 100 of any of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0116] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the frame 201 comprises two upright columns 2011 and an optical axis 203, the optical axis 203 is arranged between the two upright columns 2011. The mounting member 10 of the print head device 100 is movably arranged along the optical axis 203 in the first direction X.

[0117] The trigger member 2012 is arranged on the two or one upright column 2011, so that the power member 21 can abut against the trigger member 2012 during the movement of the mounting member 10 along the optical axis 203, to realize the rotation of the first switching member 22.

[0118] In other embodiments, the frame 201 can also be arranged as the frame of any one or more of a whole machine type 3D printer, a delta 3D printer or an infinite Z-axis 3D printer, and the specific structure of the frame can be adjusted according to different types of 3D printers, which will not be limited herein.

[0119] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the application but not limit the application. Although the application has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the application.

Claims

1. A printhead device for a 3D printer, characterized in that, The printing head device comprises: a mounting member; a switching assembly, the switching assembly comprising a power member, a first switching member and a second switching member, the power member being rotatably connected to the mounting member, the power member being in transmission cooperation with the first switching member, the first switching member being connected with the second switching member; an extruding mechanism, the extruding mechanism comprising a driving assembly and a plurality of driven assemblies, the driving assembly being provided on the mounting member, the plurality of driven assemblies being movably connected to the mounting member respectively and being configured to be moved by the first switching member; a nozzle mechanism, the nozzle mechanism being connected to the mounting member, the nozzle mechanism being provided with a plurality of printing channels, each of the printing channels being provided corresponding to one of the driven assemblies, the printing channel having a first state of outputting consumables and a second state of stopping outputting consumables, the second switching member being provided at one end of the printing channel outputting consumables; wherein, when the printing head device moves to a first position, the power member is triggered and drives the first switching member to rotate relative to the mounting member; after the first switching member rotates by a preset angle, the selected driven assembly moves to a position where the extruding channel is formed in cooperation with the driving assembly, and the corresponding printing channel enters the first state. The switching assembly further comprises a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft being rotatably provided through the mounting member and the nozzle mechanism, the first switching member being connected to one end of the connecting shaft, the second switching member being connected to the other end of the connecting shaft, the second switching member being capable of rotating around the axis of the connecting shaft with the first switching member to switch the state of the printing channel.

2. The printing head device according to claim 1, wherein: the nozzle mechanism comprises a heat-conducting block, the heat-conducting block being connected to the mounting member, the heat-conducting block defining a plurality of the printing channels, the second switching member comprising a rotating disc and a nozzle, the rotating disc being located on a side of the heat-conducting block away from the mounting member, the rotating disc being connected with the first switching member through the connecting shaft, the nozzle being provided on the rotating disc, the rotating disc being configured to be driven by the first switching member to rotate relative to the heat-conducting block to the nozzle being in communication with the printing channel corresponding to the selected driven assembly, so that the printing channel enters the first state, and other printing channels are closed, so that other printing channels enter the second state.

3. The printing head device according to claim 1, wherein: The power component comprises a swing arm, a rotating shaft and a transmission part, the fixed end of the swing arm is connected to one end of the rotating shaft, the other end of the rotating shaft is connected to the transmission part, the transmission part is in transmission cooperation with the first switching component, the free end of the swing arm is configured to abut against the frame of the 3D printer when the print head device moves to a first position, the free end is also configured to keep abutting against the frame when the print head device moves from the first position to a second position, the fixed end of the swing arm and the rotating shaft are configured to rotate relative to the mounting component when the print head device moves from the first position to the second position, and drive the first switching component to rotate by a preset angle through the transmission part after the print head device moves to the second position.

4. The print head device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The switching assembly further comprises a first elastic component, the first elastic component is elastically supported between the swing arm and the mounting component; The transmission part is in one-way transmission cooperation with the first switching component, the swing arm is configured to drive the first switching component to rotate forward through the transmission part after the fixed end abuts against the frame, the free end is separated from the frame, the elastic force of the first elastic component can drive the swing arm to drive the rotating shaft to rotate reversely relative to the mounting component, and in turn drive the transmission part to rotate reversely and reset.

5. The print head device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first switching component is provided with a mounting groove, the groove side surface of the mounting groove is provided with a plurality of cooperation grooves, the plurality of cooperation grooves are distributed around the rotating shaft, the cooperation groove comprises a slope and an abutting surface which are arranged along the radial direction of the rotating shaft, the transmission part comprises a plurality of pushing parts, the plurality of pushing parts are respectively distributed around the rotating shaft, when the transmission part rotates forward, the plurality of pushing parts can respectively slide into the cooperation groove along the slope and abut against the abutting surface, so as to drive the first switching component to rotate forward, when the transmission part rotates reversely, the plurality of pushing parts are respectively separated from the plurality of cooperation grooves along the slope, and rotate reversely relative to the first switching component.

6. The print head device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The peripheral surface of the first switching component is provided with an inner concave avoiding groove, the first switching component can rotate relative to the mounting component, so that the selected driven component abuts against the groove bottom surface of the avoiding groove, and cooperates with the driving component to form the extrusion channel.

7. The print head device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion mechanism further comprises a plurality of second elastic components, the plurality of second elastic components are respectively elastically supported between the plurality of mounting components and the plurality of driven components, and elastically press the driven components against the outer periphery of the first switching component.

8. The print head device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component comprises a driving wheel, the driven component comprises a driven support and a driven wheel, the driven support is rotatably connected to the mounting component, and the driven wheel is rotatably arranged on the driven support. The extrusion mechanism further comprises a driving assembly arranged on the mounting member and connected with the driving wheel, the driving assembly being configured to drive the driving wheel to rotate and drive the driven wheel to rotate in cooperation with the driving wheel, so as to convey the consumable.

9. A 3D printer characterized by, Comprise: a frame body, the frame body being provided with a trigger member; a printing platform installed on the frame body and configured to carry a printing model; and a printing head device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the printing head device being configured to move relative to the frame body to perform printing on the printing platform; wherein when the printing head device moves to a first position, the trigger member abuts against the power member to drive the first switching member to rotate relative to the mounting member. ​

Images