Automatic feeding device for tobacco transplanter

Abstract

The application discloses a tobacco transplanting machine automatic seedling feeding device, which comprises a rack, a disc changing component and a seedling feeding assembly arranged on the rack. The seedling feeding assembly comprises a seedling feeding rack and a plurality of seedling feeding claws. The seedling feeding rack is sequentially installed on the rack through vertical movement components and horizontal movement components. The number of the plurality of seedling feeding claws in the seedling feeding assembly is the same as the number of single-row seedling mounds arranged on the hole disc of the disc changing component. The bottom of the seedling feeding rack is provided with a plurality of tracks. The top of the plurality of seedling feeding claws is slidably connected with the plurality of tracks in one-to-one correspondence. Each seedling feeding claw comprises a seedling feeding claw fixing frame, a seedling feeding cylinder and a seedling needle. The top of the seedling feeding claw fixing frame is slidably connected with the corresponding track. The seedling feeding cylinder is installed on the seedling feeding claw fixing frame. The piston rod of the seedling feeding cylinder extends vertically downward and is connected with the seedling needle. Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages: the tobacco hole seedlings are automatically taken out from the hole disc and fed into the seedling throwing cup of the single-disc rotary cup type transplanting machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to an automatic seedling feeding device for a tobacco transplanter. Background Technology

[0002] Advances in greenhouse tray seedling technology have driven the continuous development of tobacco planting mechanization. Mechanized transplanting can improve tobacco planting efficiency, shorten transplanting time, and reduce production costs. Currently, tobacco planting in my country is still mainly manual, supplemented by semi-automatic transplanting. Semi-automatic transplanting machines combine manual and mechanical operations, where manual labor involves picking seedlings from densely planted trays and placing them into the seedling cups of the semi-automatic transplanter. This method has disadvantages such as low efficiency and high labor intensity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an automatic seedling feeding device for tobacco transplanters, so as to automatically remove tobacco seedlings from the seedling trays and feed them into the seedling cups of a single-disc rotary cup transplanter.

[0004] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] An automatic seedling feeding device for a tobacco transplanter includes a frame. The frame is equipped with a tray-changing component and a seedling feeding assembly. The seedling feeding assembly includes a seedling feeding frame and multiple seedling-grabbing claws located at the bottom of the feeding frame. The seedling feeding frame is mounted on the frame via vertical and horizontal movement components. The vertical movement component drives the seedling feeding assembly to move vertically up and down, while the horizontal movement component drives the vertical movement component and the seedling feeding assembly to move back and forth as a whole. The number of seedling-grabbing claws in the seedling feeding assembly is the same as the number of seedling clumps per row in the seedling trays placed on the tray-changing component. Multiple tracks are provided at the bottom of the seedling feeding frame. The tops of the multiple seedling-grabbing claws are slidably connected to the tracks one-to-one. Each seedling-grabbing claw includes a seedling-grabbing claw fixing frame, a seedling-grabbing cylinder, and a seedling needle. The top of the seedling-grabbing claw fixing frame is slidably connected to the corresponding track. The seedling-grabbing cylinder is mounted on the seedling-grabbing claw fixing frame, and the piston rod of the seedling-grabbing cylinder extends vertically downward and connects to the seedling needle.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned automatic seedling feeding device, the seedling feeding assembly includes seven seedling feeding claws. Correspondingly, the bottom of the seedling feeding frame is provided with seven tracks, including five parallel tracks and two inclined tracks. The five parallel tracks are arranged side by side along the left-right direction, and the length of each parallel track extends along the front-back direction. Among the five parallel tracks, the two outermost parallel tracks are the outer parallel tracks, and the three middle parallel tracks are the middle parallel tracks. The front ends of the two inclined tracks are respectively located in the two gaps formed by the three middle parallel tracks. The rear ends of the two inclined tracks extend beyond the three middle parallel tracks and extend inclined to the left and right sides respectively. The seven seedling feeding claws are driven by a drive mechanism to slide along their respective tracks, thereby realizing the transformation of the seedling feeding shape arranged by the seven seedling feeding claws.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned automatic seedling feeding device, the drive mechanism includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder respectively mounted on the seedling feeding frame. Three seedling-feeding claws, arranged from left to right on three parallel intermediate tracks, are designated as the first, second, and third seedling-feeding claws. Two seedling-feeding claws, designated as the left and right outer parallel tracks, are mounted on the two outer parallel tracks. Two seedling-feeding claws, designated as the left and right inclined tracks, are mounted on the two inclined tracks. A pull plate is fixed to the front of the second seedling-feeding claw, with its upper end fixedly connected to the piston rod of the first cylinder. Extension plates are provided on the left and right sides of the bottom of the pull plate. Front drag plates are fixed to the front of the first and third seedling-feeding claws, each front drag plate including front and rear spacers. The cloth has two front limiting baffles, and the gap between the two front limiting baffles forms a front push-pull gap. The extension plates at the bottom of the pull plate extend into the front push-pull gap of the corresponding side front drag plate and can move back and forth in the front push-pull gap. Pull rings are connected to the rear sides of the left and right inclined feeding claws, and rear drag plates are fixed to the rear sides of the left and right outer feeding claws. The rear drag plate includes two rear limiting baffles arranged at intervals, and the gap between the two rear limiting baffles forms a rear push-pull gap. A rear pull rod is fixed on the piston rod of the second cylinder. The rear pull rod includes a sliding rod extending left and right. The pull rings on the left and right inclined feeding claws are slidably fitted onto the sliding rod of the rear pull rod. The sliding rod of the rear pull rod can move back and forth in the rear push-pull gap of the two rear drag plates.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned automatic seedling feeding device, the horizontal movement component includes two sets of linear guide rails installed on the left and right sides of the frame, the linear guide rails extending in the front-back direction, and the vertical movement component includes two sets of lifting cylinders on the left and right sides, the cylinder bodies of the two sets of lifting cylinders are respectively fixed on the sliders of the two sets of linear guide rails, and the seedling feeding frame is horizontally arranged across the extension and retraction ends of the two sets of lifting cylinders.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned automatic seedling feeding device, the tray changing component is mounted on the frame and located between two sets of linear guide rails. The tray changing component is provided with a support rail for supporting the seedling tray. The front end of the support rail is a closed end and the rear end is an open end. The open end of the support rail is provided with an inlet rail section that tilts backward and upward.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned automatic seedling feeding device, the bottom of the seedling feeding claw fixing frame is provided with a fixing base plate, and the fixing base plate has a through hole for the seedling needle to pass through downward.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned automatic seedling feeding device, each of the seedling feeding claws includes four seedling needles.

[0012] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0013] This invention provides an automatic seedling feeding device for a tobacco transplanter. The seedling feeding component includes multiple seedling picking claws. Each seedling picking claw is driven by a cylinder to extend and retract vertically, realizing the picking and placing of seedling clumps. Furthermore, the entire seedling feeding component can be moved vertically and horizontally by vertical and horizontal moving parts, thereby moving the seedling clumps taken from the seedling tray of the changing tray component to the transplanter and feeding them into the seedling cup of the transplanter. This realizes the automated operation of seedling feeding in the transplanter, greatly improves the efficiency of seedling feeding in the transplanter, and reduces the intensity of manual labor. Furthermore, in its seedling feeding assembly, a drive mechanism drives seven seedling-feeding claws to slide along their respective tracks, thereby changing the shape of the seedlings being fed by the arrangement of the seven seedling-feeding claws. This allows the seven seedling-feeding claws to line up in a row during the seedling-feeding process, matching the arrangement of the seedling clumps on the seedling tray. During the feeding process, the seven seedling-feeding claws also line up in a circle, matching the circle of the seedling cups on the single-disc rotary cup transplanter. This enables the simultaneous removal of seven tobacco seedlings from the seedling tray and feeding them into the seven seedling cups of the single-disc rotary cup vegetable transplanter, greatly improving the efficiency of seedling feeding. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single feeding claw of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the seedling feeding component of the present invention in the seedling picking state.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seedling feeding component of the present invention in conjunction with the seedling tray when taking seedlings.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the seedling feeding component of the present invention in the seedling feeding state.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seedling feeding component of the present invention in the seedling feeding state from another perspective.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seedling feeding component of the present invention in conjunction with the seven seedling cups of the transplanter.

[0021] Numbered in the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Feeding machine frame; 3. Feeding claw; 4. Linear guide rail; 5. Lifting cylinder; 6. Seedling tray; 7. Support rail; 8. Guide rail section; 9. Feeding claw fixing frame; 10. Feeding cylinder; 11. Seedling needle; 12. Fixing base plate; 13. Outer parallel rail; 14. Middle parallel rail; 15. Inclined rail; 16. First cylinder; 17. Second cylinder; 18. First feeding claw; 19. Second feeding claw; 20. Third feeding claw; 21. Outer feeding claw; 22. Inclined feeding claw; 23. Pull plate; 24. Extension plate; 25. Front drag plate; 26. Front push-pull gap; 27. Pull ring; 28. Rear drag plate; 29. ​​Rear push-pull gap; 30. Rear pull rod; 31. Slide rod; 32. Seedling cup. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. These embodiments are implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0023] See Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment discloses an automatic seedling feeding device for a tobacco transplanter, including a frame 1. The frame 1 is equipped with a tray changing component and a seedling feeding assembly. The seedling feeding assembly includes a seedling feeding frame 2 and multiple seedling-grabbing claws 3 disposed at the bottom of the seedling feeding frame 2. The seedling feeding frame 2 is mounted on the frame 1 sequentially via vertical and horizontal movement components. The vertical movement component drives the seedling feeding assembly to move vertically up and down, and the horizontal movement component drives the vertical movement component and the seedling feeding assembly to move back and forth as a whole. The horizontal movement component includes two sets of linear guide rails 4 installed on the left and right sides of the frame 1, extending in the front-back direction. The vertical movement component includes two sets of lifting cylinders 5, with the cylinder bodies of the two sets of lifting cylinders 5 respectively fixed on the sliders of the two sets of linear guide rails 4. The seedling feeding frame 2 is transversely positioned across the telescopic ends of the two sets of lifting cylinders 5. The number of seedling-grabbing claws 3 in the seedling feeding assembly is the same as the number of seedling clumps per row in the seedling trays 6 placed on the tray changing component. The plate changing component is mounted on the frame 1 and located between two sets of linear guide rails 4. The plate changing component is provided with a support rail 7 for supporting the cavity plate 6. The front end of the support rail 7 is a closed end and the rear end is an open end. The open end of the support rail 7 is provided with an inlet rail section 8 that tilts backward and upward.

[0024] The bottom of the seedling feeder frame 2 is equipped with multiple tracks. Multiple seedling feed claws 3 are slidably connected to these tracks via sliders. Each seedling feed claw 3 includes a seedling feed claw fixing frame 9, a seedling feed cylinder 10, and seedling needles 11. Each seedling feed claw 3 includes four seedling needles 11. The top of the seedling feed claw fixing frame 9 is slidably connected to the corresponding track. The seedling feed cylinder 10 is mounted on the seedling feed claw fixing frame 9, and its piston rod extends vertically downwards and connects to the four seedling needles 11. The bottom of the seedling feed claw fixing frame 9 is equipped with a fixed base plate 12. The fixed base plate 12 has through holes for the seedling needles 11 to pass through, guiding the vertical movement of the seedling needles 11.

[0025] In this embodiment, the seedling feeding assembly includes seven seedling claws 3. Correspondingly, the bottom of the seedling feeding machine frame 2 is provided with seven tracks, including five parallel tracks and two inclined tracks 15. The five parallel tracks are arranged side by side along the left and right direction, and the length of each parallel track extends along the front and back direction. Among the five parallel tracks, the two outermost parallel tracks are called outer parallel tracks 13, and the three middle parallel tracks are called middle parallel tracks 14. The front ends of the two inclined tracks 15 are respectively located in the two gaps formed by the three middle parallel tracks 14. The rear ends of the two inclined tracks 15 extend beyond the three middle parallel tracks 14 and extend inclined to the left and right sides respectively. The seven seedling claws 3 are driven by the driving mechanism to slide along their respective tracks, thereby realizing the transformation of the seedling feeding shape arranged by the seven seedling claws 3.

[0026] The drive mechanism includes a first cylinder 16 and a second cylinder 17 respectively mounted on the seedling feeder frame 2. Three feeding claws 3 mounted on the three intermediate parallel tracks 14, from left to right, are a first feeding claw 18, a second feeding claw 19, and a third feeding claw 20. Two feeding claws 3 mounted on the two outer parallel tracks 13 are left and right outer feeding claws 21 respectively. Two feeding claws 3 mounted on the two inclined tracks 15 are left and right inclined feeding claws 22 respectively. A pull plate 23 is fixed to the front of the second feeding claw 19. The upper end of the pull plate 23 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the first cylinder 16. Extension plates 24 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the bottom of the pull plate 23. Front drag plates 25 are fixed to the front of the first feeding claw 18 and the third feeding claw 20 respectively. Each front drag plate 25 includes two front limit baffles arranged at intervals. The gap between the front limit baffles forms a front push-pull gap 26. The extension plate 24 at the bottom of the pull plate 23 extends into the front push-pull gap 26 of the corresponding side front drag plate 25 and can move back and forth in the front push-pull gap 26. Pull rings 27 are connected to the rear sides of the left and right inclined feeding claws 22 respectively. Rear drag plates 28 are fixed to the rear sides of the left and right outer feeding claws 21 respectively. The rear drag plate 28 includes two rear limit baffles arranged at intervals. The gap between the two rear limit baffles forms a rear push-pull gap 29. A rear pull rod 30 is fixed on the piston rod of the second cylinder 17. The rear pull rod 30 includes a slide rod 31 extending left and right. The pull rings 27 on the left and right inclined feeding claws 22 are slidably fitted onto the slide rod 31 of the rear pull rod 30. The slide rod 31 of the rear pull rod 30 can move back and forth in the rear push-pull gap 29 of the two rear drag plates 28.

[0027] When the seedling feeding component needs to take seedlings from the seedling tray 6, the piston rod of the first cylinder 16 is in a backward retracted state, and the piston rod of the second cylinder 17 is in a forward retracted state. At this time, the seven seedling feeding claws 3 are arranged in a row along the left and right direction and are in the seedling taking state, so that they match the arrangement shape of the single row of seedlings on the seedling tray 6.

[0028] When the seedling feeding assembly needs to feed the removed seedling clumps into the transplanter, the piston rod of the first cylinder 16 is controlled to extend forward. The piston rod of the first cylinder 16 drives the pull plate 23 to move forward. The pull plate 23 drives the second feeding claw 19 to move forward together. At the same time, the extension plates 24 on the left and right sides of the pull plate 23 move forward in the push-pull gap 26 of the left and right front drag plates 25 respectively. When the extension plate 24 contacts the front limit baffle on the front side of the front drag plate 25, it will push the front drag plate 25 to move forward together, thereby driving the first feeding claw 18 and the third feeding claw 20 to move forward together until the piston rod of the first cylinder 16 extends forward to the position. At this time, the second feeding claw 19 is located a certain distance in front of the first feeding claw 18 and the third feeding claw 20. Simultaneously, the piston rod of the second cylinder 17 extends backward, driving the rear pull rod 30 to move backward. Relying on the two pull rings 27 mounted on the slide rod 31 of the rear pull ring 27, the left and right inclined feeding claws 22 move backward and outward along their respective inclined tracks 15. At the same time, the slide rod 31 of the rear pull rod 30 moves backward in the rear push-pull gap 29 of the two rear slide plates 28. When the slide rod 31 of the rear pull rod 30 contacts the rear limit baffle on the rear side of the two rear slide plates 28, it will push the two rear slide plates to move backward together, thereby driving the left and right outer feeding claws 21 to move backward together until the piston rod of the second cylinder 17 extends backward into place. At this time, the two inclined feeding claws 22 are located a certain distance behind the two outer feeding claws 21. This causes the seven seedling feeding claws 3 to disperse and form a circle, which is in the seedling feeding state and matches the circle formed by the seven seedling cups 32 on the single disc rotary cup transplanter.

[0029] In use, the seedling tray 6 containing the seedlings is slid into the support track 7 along the guide track section 8 of the tray changing component until it reaches the closed end of the support track 7, where the seedling tray 6 is supported by the support track 7.

[0030] The horizontal and vertical motion components are activated, moving the feeding assembly above the first row of seedlings in the seedling tray 6. Simultaneously, the piston rods of the first cylinder 16 and the second cylinder 17 are retracted, aligning the seven feeding claws 3 in a left-right row, corresponding one-to-one with the seven seedlings in the first row of the seedling tray 6. Then, the feeding cylinders 10 of the seven feeding claws 3 actuate, causing the seven sets of seedling needles 11 to extend downwards and insert into the seven seedlings in the first row of the seedling tray 6, grasping the seedlings. Afterwards, the vertical motion component actuates, moving the seven feeding claws 3 upwards to lift the seven seedlings they have grasped. Then, the horizontal motion component actuates, moving the seven feeding claws 3 and the seven seedlings they have grasped forward to the seedling placement position. The piston rods of the first cylinder 16 and the second cylinder 17 extend, causing the seven feeding claws 3 to disperse and form a circle, which matches the circle formed by the seven seedling cups 32 on the single-disc rotary cup transplanter. Then, the vertical moving parts move, causing the seven feeding claws 3 to move downward as a whole, placing the seven seedling clumps they grab into the seven seedling cups 32 of the transplanter below. Then, the piston rods of the feeding cylinders 10 of the seven feeding claws 3 retract upward, causing the seven sets of seedling needles 11 to move upward and pull out from the seven seedling clumps, thus completing the process of removing the seven seedling clumps from the seed tray 6 and automatically placing them into the seven seedling cups 32 of the transplanter.

[0031] Repeat the above steps to pick up the second row of seedlings from tray 6 and place them into the seedling cup 32 of the transplanter. Repeat this process until all seedlings from tray 6 have been removed and placed into the transplanter. The entire process is highly automated, greatly improving work efficiency and reducing the labor intensity of operators.

[0032] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic seedling feeding device for a tobacco transplanter, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: The frame (1) is equipped with a tray changing component and a seedling feeding component. The seedling feeding component includes a seedling feeding frame (2) and multiple seedling picking claws (3) located at the bottom of the seedling feeding frame (2). The seedling feeding frame (2) is installed on the frame (1) in sequence through vertical and horizontal moving components. The vertical moving component drives the seedling feeding component to move vertically up and down, and the horizontal moving component drives the vertical moving component and the seedling feeding component to move back and forth as a whole. The number of multiple seedling picking claws (3) in the seedling feeding component is the same as the number of seedling trays placed on the tray changing component. 6) The number of seedlings in a single row is the same; the bottom of the seedling feeder frame (2) is provided with multiple tracks, and the top of multiple seedling pickers (3) is slidably connected to the multiple tracks one by one. Each seedling picker (3) includes a seedling picker fixing frame (9), a seedling picker cylinder (10) and a seedling needle (11). The top of the seedling picker fixing frame (9) is slidably connected to the corresponding track. The seedling picker cylinder (10) is installed on the seedling picker fixing frame (9). The piston rod of the seedling picker cylinder (10) extends vertically downward and connects to the seedling needle (11). The seedling feeding assembly includes seven seedling claws (3). Correspondingly, the bottom of the seedling feeding frame (2) is provided with seven tracks, including five parallel tracks and two inclined tracks (15). The five parallel tracks are arranged side by side along the left and right directions, and the length of each parallel track extends along the front and back directions. Among the five parallel tracks, the two outermost parallel tracks are called outer parallel tracks (13), and the three parallel tracks in the middle are called middle parallel tracks (14). The front ends of the two inclined tracks (15) are respectively located in the two gaps formed by the three middle parallel tracks (14). The rear ends of the two inclined tracks (15) extend beyond the three middle parallel tracks (14) and extend to the left and right sides respectively. The seven seedling claws (3) are driven by the driving mechanism to slide along their respective tracks to realize the transformation of the seedling feeding shape arranged by the seven seedling claws (3). The drive mechanism includes a first cylinder (16) and a second cylinder (17) respectively mounted on the seedling feeding frame (2). Three feeding claws (3) mounted on the three intermediate parallel tracks (14) are, from left to right, a first feeding claw (18), a second feeding claw (19), and a third feeding claw (20). Two feeding claws (3) mounted on the two outer parallel tracks (13) are the left and right outer feeding claws (21). Two inclined tracks (15) are equipped with... The two feeding claws (3) are left and right tilting feeding claws (22), respectively. The front side of the second feeding claw (19) is fixed with a pull plate (23). The upper end of the pull plate (23) is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the first cylinder (16). The bottom left and right sides of the pull plate (23) are respectively provided with extension plates (24). The front sides of the first feeding claw (18) and the third feeding claw (20) are respectively fixed with front drag plates (25). Each front drag plate (25) includes two front limit baffles arranged at intervals. The gap between the two front limit baffles forms a front push-pull gap (26). The extension plate (24) at the bottom of the pull plate (23) extends into the front push-pull gap (26) of the corresponding side front drag plate (25) and can move back and forth in the front push-pull gap (26). The left and right inclined feeding claws (22) are respectively connected to the rear side of the pull ring (27). The left and right outer feeding claws (21) are respectively fixed to the rear side of the rear drag plate (28). The rear drag plate (28) includes two plates arranged at intervals. The rear limit baffle and the gap between the two rear limit baffles form a rear push-pull gap (29). The piston rod of the second cylinder (17) is fixed with a rear pull rod (30). The rear pull rod (30) includes a slide rod (31) extending to the left and right. The pull rings (27) on the left and right inclined feeding claws (22) are slidably fitted on the slide rod (31) of the rear pull rod (30). The slide rod (31) of the rear pull rod (30) can move back and forth in the rear push-pull gap (29) of the two rear trailing plates (28).

2. The automatic seedling feeding device for a tobacco transplanter as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal movement component includes two sets of linear guide rails (4) installed on the left and right sides of the frame (1). The linear guide rails (4) extend in the front-back direction. The vertical movement component includes two sets of lifting cylinders (5) on the left and right sides. The cylinder bodies of the two sets of lifting cylinders (5) are respectively fixed on the sliders of the two sets of linear guide rails (4). The seedling feeding frame (2) is straddling the telescopic ends of the two sets of lifting cylinders (5).

3. The automatic seedling feeding device for a tobacco transplanter as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The plate changing component is mounted on the frame (1) and located between two sets of linear guide rails (4). The plate changing component is provided with a support rail (7) for supporting the cavity plate (6). The front end of the support rail (7) is a closed end and the rear end is an open end. The open end of the support rail (7) is provided with an inlet rail section (8) that tilts backward and upward.

4. The automatic seedling feeding device for a tobacco transplanter as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the feeding claw fixing frame (9) is provided with a fixing base plate (12), and the fixing base plate (12) has a perforation for the seedling needle (11) to pass through downward.

5. The automatic seedling feeding device for a tobacco transplanter as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the feeding claws (3) includes four seedling needles (11).

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