A dynamically adjusted sunshine test base for photovoltaic power generation

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dynamically adjusted sunshine test base for photovoltaic power generation, which belongs to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, including a support frame, a chassis and a lamp. The chassis is connected to the support frame, and the lamp is arranged above the chassis to illuminate the photovoltaic test equipment on the chassis; the lamp is connected to the support frame through an adjustment device to simulate the noon solar altitude angle and the rising in the east and setting in the west of the sun in four seasons. The present invention supports the chassis through a support frame, and the photovoltaic test equipment can be placed on the chassis. The lamp can simulate the parallel sunlight to illuminate the photovoltaic test equipment. At the same time, the lamp moves along the revolution track and the rotation track on the support frame through the adjustment device, which can simulate the rising in the east and setting in the west of the sun; and the noon solar altitude can be simulated and adjusted according to the four seasons. The present invention can approximately simulate the lighting conditions of different situations in the four seasons, and the functions required for the photovoltaic experiment can be realized through the adjustment device, providing a precise lighting environment for the photovoltaic experiment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solar power generation, and in particular relates to a dynamically adjusted sunshine test base used for photovoltaic power generation. Background Art

[0002] With the adjustment of the national energy industry structure, renewable energy has been vigorously developed, and large-scale photovoltaic power generation bases have been accelerated in large areas such as deserts, Gobi, and wasteland. In contrast, the current photovoltaic development volume is relatively small. In 2023, solar power generation will be 17.17%, and renewable energy power generation will account for only 30.05% of the total power generation. However, the constraints of breaking through photovoltaic power generation still exist, and long-term scientific research work is needed to break through.

[0003] The current popular technology of full-spectrum solar simulation, when using special experimental equipment as a light source, can be equivalent to a solar light source to a certain extent, and can simulate sunlight irradiation while ensuring spectral distribution, uniformity, and stability. Since 1976, Europe has begun to conduct research and development related to sunlight and the production of related products. With the continuous iteration of equipment in recent years, metal halide lamps and xenon lamps have begun to be used on a large scale for experiments. The accuracy of sunlight simulation is very close to the real light source. However, there is still a defect of insufficient experimental conditions for conducting photovoltaic sunlight simulation related experimental services.

[0004] The existing high-precision solar cell test systems, multi-directional light-emitting experimental instruments, and SS-200A solar tube simulators on the market cannot systematically simulate the actual daily sunlight distribution, and cannot approximately simulate the actual sunlight angle changes over time. The existing sunlight simulation equipment is only suitable for plant growth and fish tank fill lights, and the accuracy is relatively rough, which is not suitable for dynamic adjustment and precise experimental requirements. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dynamically adjusted sunshine test base for photovoltaic power generation, aiming to solve the technical problem that the existing photovoltaic sunlight simulation equipment cannot simulate the real daily sunlight distribution.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A dynamically adjusted sunshine test base for photovoltaic power generation comprises a support frame, a chassis and a lamp capable of simulating parallel sunlight, wherein the chassis is connected to the support frame, and the lamp is arranged above the chassis to illuminate photovoltaic test equipment on the chassis; the lamp is connected to the support frame through an adjustment device to simulate the solar altitude angle at noon and the rising in the east and setting in the west of the sun in four seasons.

[0008] Furthermore, the support frame includes more than three support columns, the support columns are circumferentially spaced around the chassis, the middle parts of the support columns are connected by a horizontal support structure, and the chassis is set on the support structure; the upper part of the support column is arc-shaped, and the tops of the support columns are connected to the vertex; the adjustment device is connected to the support column and can move along the revolution track on the inner wall of two of the relative support columns, and the revolution track is an arc. The movement trajectory of the adjustment device can simulate the rising and setting of the sun.

[0009] Furthermore, the adjustment device includes a revolution adjustment mechanism and a rotation adjustment mechanism, the revolution adjustment mechanism can move along the revolution track, the rotation adjustment mechanism is connected to the revolution adjustment mechanism, the rotation adjustment mechanism can move along the arc-shaped rotation track, and the lamp is connected to the rotation adjustment mechanism; the rotation track is an arc with the arc center downward, and the two ends of the rotation track are rotationally connected to the two ends of the straight rod, the straight rod is arranged below the chassis and connected to the supporting structure. The lamp moves along the rotation track with the rotation adjustment mechanism, and at the same time moves along the revolution track with the revolution adjustment mechanism, which is used to simulate the revolution of the earth around the sun and the rotation of the earth.

[0010] Furthermore, the revolution adjustment mechanism includes a slider, a first motor and a driving gear, the driving gear is arranged at the upper end of the slider, the first motor and the driving gear are coaxially fixed, the driving gear can engage with the teeth on the inner surface of the revolution track, and the first motor drives the driving gear to move along the revolution track; the lower end of the slider is connected to the rotation track.

[0011] Furthermore, the self-rotation adjustment mechanism includes a second motor, a gear set, a support seat and an arc-shaped guide plate, the gear set is connected to the support seat, the gear set includes a driving gear and a driven gear that mesh with each other, the second motor is coaxially fixed with the driving gear, and the driven gear meshes with the teeth on the inner surface of the self-rotation track; the lower end of the slider is connected to the top of the support seat, the lower end of the support seat is connected to the lamp, both sides of the support seat are provided with guide grooves that slide with the guide plate, the guide plate is connected to the self-rotation track, the middle part of the guide plate is provided with a slide groove along its length direction for the support seat and the gear set to pass through, and the two ends of the guide plate are respectively connected to the two ends of the straight rod for rotation.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of groups of fixed baffles are provided at intervals on both sides of the rotation track and the guide plate, and the fixed baffles on the rotation track and the fixed baffles on the guide plate are provided correspondingly and are respectively connected via connecting pieces.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower end of the slider is connected to the fixed baffle at the edge of the guide plate through a fine-tuning mechanism, and the fine-tuning mechanism includes an adjusting screw and a force-applying head at its end, the screw is arranged above the rotation track, the screw is threadedly matched with the slider and passes through the fixed baffle in the middle of both sides of the guide plate, and the slider is arranged between the fixed baffles in the middle of the edges of the guide plates on both sides of the rotation track.

[0014] Furthermore, the support structure includes multiple support rods, the number of which is the same as that of support columns. One ends of the multiple support rods are respectively connected to the corresponding support columns, and the other ends are converged and connected below the middle of the chassis. The upper parts of the two opposite support columns and the lower support rods can form a semicircle.

[0015] Furthermore, the chassis includes a base plate and a turntable above it, a bearing is provided between the turntable and the base plate to enable the two to rotate together, and a wire hole is provided in the middle of the turntable and the base plate, and the cables of the photovoltaic test equipment can pass through the wire hole; the base plate is connected to the supporting structure at its bottom, and the photovoltaic test equipment is placed on the turntable, and the direction of the photovoltaic test equipment is adjusted by rotating the turntable.

[0016] Furthermore, the lamp comprises a lampshade and a light source, the middle of the back of the lampshade is connected to the adjustment device, and the lampshade satisfies the equation y 2 =2px, p is the focus of the lampshade. When the light source is set at (p, 0), the light radiated by the light source can be converted into parallel rays parallel to each other, thereby imitating parallel sunlight.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advances:

[0018] The present invention supports the chassis by a support frame, and the photovoltaic test equipment can be placed on the chassis. The lamps can simulate the illumination of the photovoltaic test equipment by parallel sunlight. At the same time, the lamps can be moved along the revolution track and the rotation track on the support frame by an adjustment device, so as to simulate the rising and setting of the sun; and the altitude of the sun at noon can be adjusted according to the four seasons. The present invention can approximately simulate the lighting conditions of different situations in the four seasons, realize the functions required for the photovoltaic experiment by adjusting the device, and provide a precise lighting environment for the photovoltaic experiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0020] In the attached picture:

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a dynamically adjusted sunshine test base for photovoltaic power generation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A-direction view of the dynamically adjusted sunshine test base used for photovoltaic power generation;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of a chassis in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lamp in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the light path of the lamp in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] In the figure:

[0029] 1-support frame; 2-chassis, 21-bottom plate, 22-turntable, 23-bearing, 24-wire hole; 3-lamp, 31-lampshade, 32-light source, 33-light; 4-revolution track; 5-rotation track; 6-straight rod; 7-slider; 8-first motor; 9-drive processing; 10-adjustment device; 11-support column; 12-support seat; 13-guide plate; 14-driving gear, 15-driven gear; 16-slide; 17-fixed baffle; 18-screw; 19-force head; 20-second motor; 25-support ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figure 1-4As shown, a dynamically adjusted sunshine test base for photovoltaic power generation includes a support frame 1, a chassis 2 and a lamp 3 capable of simulating parallel sunlight, wherein the chassis 2 is connected to the support frame 1, and the lamp 3 is arranged above the chassis 2 for irradiating the photovoltaic test equipment (not shown in the figure) on the chassis 2; the lamp 3 is connected to the support frame 1 through an adjustment device 10, and is used to simulate the solar altitude angle at noon and the rising and setting of the sun in the four seasons. Wherein, the support frame 1 includes more than three support columns 11, the multiple support columns 11 are arranged around the chassis 2 at intervals in the circumferential direction, the middle parts of the multiple support columns 11 are connected through a horizontal support structure, and the chassis 2 is arranged on the support structure; the upper part of the support column 11 is arc-shaped, and the tops of the multiple support columns 11 are connected to the vertex; the adjustment device is connected to the support column 11, and can move along the revolution track 4 on the inner wall of two of the relative support columns 11, and the revolution track 4 is arc-shaped. Driven by the adjustment device, the lamp can move along the orbit to simulate the rising and setting of the sun.

[0032] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 , 3 As shown, the adjustment device 10 includes a revolution adjustment mechanism and a rotation adjustment mechanism, the revolution adjustment mechanism can move along the revolution track 4, the rotation adjustment mechanism is connected to the revolution adjustment mechanism, the rotation adjustment mechanism can move along the arc-shaped rotation track 5, and the lamp 3 is connected to the rotation adjustment mechanism; the rotation track 5 is an arc with the arc center downward, and the two ends of the rotation track 5 are rotationally connected to the two ends of the straight rod 6, and the straight rod 6 is arranged below the chassis 2 and connected to the supporting structure. When used, the lamp 3 moves along the rotation track 5 with the rotation adjustment mechanism, and at the same time moves along the revolution track 4 with the revolution adjustment mechanism, which is used to simulate the revolution of the earth around the sun and the rotation of the earth.

[0033] As a preferred structure, Figure 3 As shown, the revolution adjustment mechanism includes a slider 7, a first motor 8 and a driving gear 9. The driving gear 9 is arranged at the upper end of the slider 7. The first motor 8 is coaxially fixed with the driving gear 9. The driving gear 9 can mesh with the tooth profile on the inner surface of the revolution track 4. The first motor 8 drives the driving gear 9 to move along the revolution track 4. The lower end of the slider 7 is connected to the rotation track 5. The slider adopts a U-shaped slider, and the first motor adopts a stepping motor. The stepping motor drives the driving gear 9 to move along the tooth profile on the revolution track 4, and then the slider moves along the revolution track 4, which can simulate and adjust the midday sun altitude in a large range.

[0034] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4As shown, the rotation adjustment mechanism includes a second motor 20, a gear set, a support seat 12 and an arc-shaped guide plate 13, the gear set is connected to the support seat 12, the gear set includes a driving gear 14 and a driven gear 15 that mesh with each other, the second motor 20 is coaxially fixed with the driving gear 14, and the driven gear 15 meshes with the teeth on the inner surface of the rotation track 5; the lower end of the slider 7 is connected to the top of the support seat 12, the lower end of the support seat 12 is connected to the lamp 3, both sides of the support seat 12 are provided with guide grooves that slide with the guide plate 13, the guide plate 13 is connected to the rotation track 5, the middle part of the guide plate 13 is provided with a slide groove 16 for the support seat 12 and the gear set to pass through along its length direction, and the two ends of the guide plate 13 are respectively connected to the two ends of the straight rod 6 for rotation. The support seat 12 is in the shape of an "I" character, and the grooves on both sides are guide grooves; the second motor is a stepper motor, which drives the active gear to rotate, and the active gear drives the driven gear to rotate, thereby driving the lamp to move along the rotation track, which can change the corresponding solar altitude angle simulated by the lamp, imitate the sun's "rising in the east and setting in the west", and simulate the sunlight distribution of a day. This solution can simulate the noon sun and fine-tune the height of the lamp to ensure the accuracy of the experiment.

[0035] During the operation of the revolution adjustment mechanism and the rotation adjustment mechanism, most of the restraint force can be provided by the bottom straight rod. The revolution adjustment mechanism used to simulate the revolution of the earth around the sun can simulate different solar altitude angles and noon solar altitudes throughout the year. The rotation adjustment mechanism used to simulate the rotation of the earth drives the lamp to move along the rotation track, which can simulate the sun's "rising in the east and setting in the west".

[0036] During the specific production, the driving gear 9, the active gear 14 and the driven gear 15 are all helical gears, and the teeth on the revolution track 4 and the rotation track 5 are helical teeth. The revolution track 4 and the rotation track 5 can be regarded as helical racks. The high precision and self-locking characteristics of the helical gear meshing can improve the stability during operation. At the same time, the bottom is wider, and the second motor is used to control the rotation of the gear on the slider of the lamp, thereby controlling the movement of the entire mechanism along the sliding end and imitating "rising in the east and setting in the west". The end close to the inside of the device is bonded to the lamp, thereby ensuring that the direction of the lamp always points to the center of the chassis.

[0037] When designing specifically, Figure 2-4 As shown, multiple groups of fixed baffles 17 are arranged at intervals on both sides of the rotation track 5 and the guide plate 13. The fixed baffles 17 on the rotation track 5 are arranged correspondingly to the fixed baffles 17 on the guide plate 13, and are respectively connected by connecting members. Among them, the connecting member is a screw rod, and the rotation track 5 and the fixed baffles 17 on the guide plate 13 are connected by multiple screw rods, so that the rotation track 5 and the guide plate 13 can be relatively fixed.

[0038] Further optimize the above technical solution, such as Figure 3 As shown, the lower end of the slider 7 is connected to the fixed baffle 17 at the edge of the guide plate 13 through a fine-tuning mechanism. The fine-tuning mechanism includes an adjusting screw 18 and a force-applying head 19 at its end. The screw 18 is arranged above the rotation track 5. The screw 18 is threadedly matched with the slider 7 and penetrates the fixed baffle 17 in the middle of both sides of the guide plate 13. The slider 7 is arranged between the fixed baffles 17 in the middle of the edge of the guide plate 13 on both sides of the rotation track 5. The position of the slider 7 relative to the rotation track 5 can be adjusted by rotating the force-applying head and the screw, so that the angle of the lamp can be accurately controlled; the slider 7 is connected to the rotation track 5 by a screw 18, and the simulated midday solar altitude angle is fine-tuned by adjusting the position of the slider on the screw. In addition, nuts are set on both sides of the slider matched with the screw to reinforce the slider whose position has been adjusted. At the same time, using several screws (only the screws on both sides of the slider are schematically drawn in the figure, and the other screws are not drawn) to respectively connect several groups of fixed baffles at the rotation height and the edge of the guide plate, it can improve the overall stability of the equipment and avoid large deformation due to stress concentration.

[0039] In the specific design, the support structure includes a plurality of support rods 30, the number of which is the same as that of the support columns 11, one end of each of the plurality of support rods 30 is connected to the corresponding support columns 11, and the other end is connected to the lower middle part of the chassis 2, and the upper part of the two opposing support columns 11 and the lower support rods 30 can form a semicircle. Figure 1 , 3 In the embodiment shown, six support columns 11 are used, the middle parts of the six support columns 11 are connected to the support rod 30, and the orbital track is set on the inner surface of two of the support columns; at the same time, the lower part of the support column 11 is S-shaped, and the upper and lower parts of the support column 11 are arc-shaped. This structure is adopted on the premise of meeting the use requirements and strength, and the whole is lighter and more beautiful.

[0040] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 As shown, the chassis 2 includes a bottom plate 21 and a turntable 22 above it, a bearing 23 is provided between the turntable 22 and the bottom plate 21 to enable the two to rotate and cooperate, and a wire hole 24 is provided in the middle of the turntable 22 and the bottom plate 21, and the cable of the photovoltaic test equipment can be passed through the wire hole 24; the bottom plate 21 is connected to the supporting structure at its bottom, and the photovoltaic test equipment is placed on the turntable 22, and the direction of the photovoltaic test equipment is adjusted by rotating the turntable 22. In the specific production, annular grooves are provided on the bottom surface of the turntable and the top surface of the bottom plate, and the inner cavity formed by the upper and lower annular grooves can accommodate thrust bearings, and the thrust bearings are used to improve the axial load capacity. A support ring 25 is provided at the bottom of the bottom plate 21, and the straight rod 6 passes through the middle of the support ring 25, and the ends of the straight rod 6 are rotatably matched with the two ends of the self-rotating track 5 through bearings.

[0041] When designing specifically, Figure 6 , 7 As shown, the lamp 3 includes a lampshade 31 and a light source 32. The middle of the back of the lampshade 31 is connected to the adjustment device. The lampshade 31 satisfies the equation y 2 =2px, p is the focus of the lampshade. When the light source is set at (p, 0), the light radiated by the light source can be converted into parallel rays parallel to each other, thereby imitating parallel sunlight. The light source adopts a xenon lamp or a metal halide lamp, and the number is selected according to actual needs. Xenon lamps are preferred, and then adjusted approximately through filters. Compared with metal halide lamps, their spectrum is closer to sunlight.

[0042] When the present invention is applied specifically, manual control or full-automatic control can be adopted: in full-automatic control, the first motor and the second motor both use brushless motors in conjunction with a reduction gear set to drive the driving gear, thereby driving the lamp to move and adjusting the position angle of the lamp; the brushless motor cooperates with the reduction gear set to drive the gear set and the lamp, so that the height of the sun at noon can be adjusted in a large range, refined, and automatic manner. Manual control of the first motor and the second motor can reduce equipment costs, facilitate daily maintenance, and ensure the cost-effectiveness of the experimental instrument. In addition, semi-automatic control can also be adopted, with the first motor for coarse adjustment using a high-torque servo and the second motor for fine adjustment using manual adjustment.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamically adjusted sunshine test base for photovoltaic power generation, characterized by: It includes a support frame, a chassis and a lamp capable of simulating parallel sunlight, wherein the chassis is connected to the support frame, and the lamp is arranged above the chassis to illuminate the photovoltaic test equipment on the chassis; the lamp is connected to the support frame through an adjustment device to simulate the solar altitude angle at noon and the rising and setting of the sun in the east and west in four seasons; The support frame includes more than three support columns, the multiple support columns are circumferentially spaced around the chassis, the middle parts of the multiple support columns are connected by a horizontal support structure, and the chassis is arranged on the support structure; the upper part of the support column is arc-shaped, and the tops of the multiple support columns are connected to the vertex; the adjustment device is connected to the support column and can move along the revolution track on the inner wall of two of the opposite support columns, and the revolution track is arc-shaped; The adjustment device includes a revolution adjustment mechanism and a rotation adjustment mechanism, the revolution adjustment mechanism can move along the revolution track, the rotation adjustment mechanism is connected to the revolution adjustment mechanism, the rotation adjustment mechanism can move along the arc-shaped rotation track, and the lamp is connected to the rotation adjustment mechanism; the rotation track is an arc with the center of the arc downward, the two ends of the rotation track are rotatably connected to the two ends of the straight rod, and the straight rod is arranged below the chassis and connected to the supporting structure.

2. According to claim 1, a dynamically adjusted sunshine test base for photovoltaic power generation, characterized in that: The revolution adjustment mechanism includes a slider, a first motor and a driving gear. The driving gear is arranged at the upper end of the slider. The first motor is coaxially fixed with the driving gear. The driving gear can engage with the teeth on the inner surface of the revolution track. The first motor drives the driving gear to move along the revolution track. The lower end of the slider is connected to the rotation track.

3. According to claim 2, a dynamically adjusted sunshine test base for photovoltaic power generation, characterized in that: The self-rotation adjustment mechanism includes a second motor, a gear set, a support seat and an arc-shaped guide plate. The gear set is connected to the support seat. The gear set includes a driving gear and a driven gear that mesh with each other. The second motor is coaxially fixed with the driving gear, and the driven gear meshes with the teeth on the inner surface of the self-rotation track. The lower end of the slider is connected to the top of the support seat, and the lower end of the support seat is connected to the lamp. Guide grooves that slide with the guide plate are provided on both sides of the support seat. The guide plate is connected to the self-rotation track. A slide groove for the support seat and the gear set to pass through is provided in the middle of the guide plate along its length direction. The two ends of the guide plate are respectively connected to the two ends of the straight rod for rotation.

4. The dynamic adjustment sunshine test base for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 3 is characterized by: A plurality of groups of fixed baffles are arranged at intervals on both sides of the rotation track and the guide plate. The fixed baffles on the rotation track and the fixed baffles on the guide plate are arranged correspondingly and are respectively connected through connecting pieces.

5. The dynamically adjusted sunshine test base for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end of the slider is connected to the fixed baffle at the edge of the guide plate through a fine-tuning mechanism. The fine-tuning mechanism includes an adjusting screw and a force-applying head at its end. The screw is arranged above the rotation track. The screw is threadedly matched with the slider and passes through the fixed baffle in the middle of both sides of the guide plate. The slider is arranged between the fixed baffles in the middle of the edges of the guide plates on both sides of the rotation track.

6. The dynamic adjustment sunshine test base for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 is characterized by: The support structure includes multiple support rods, the number of which is the same as that of support columns. One end of the multiple support rods is respectively connected to the corresponding support columns, and the other ends are converged and connected below the middle of the chassis. The upper parts of the two opposite support columns and the lower support rods can form a semicircle.

7. The dynamically adjusted sunshine test base for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chassis includes a base plate and a turntable above it, a bearing is provided between the turntable and the base plate to enable the two to rotate together, a wire hole is provided in the middle of the turntable and the base plate, and the cables of the photovoltaic test equipment can pass through the wire hole; the base plate is connected to the supporting structure at its bottom, the photovoltaic test equipment is placed on the turntable, and the direction of the photovoltaic test equipment is adjusted by rotating the turntable.

8. A dynamically adjusted sunshine test base for photovoltaic power generation according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The lamp comprises a lampshade and a light source, the middle of the back of the lampshade is connected to the adjustment device, and the lampshade satisfies the equation y 2 =2px, p is the focus of the lampshade. When the light source is set at (p, 0), the light radiated by the light source can be converted into parallel rays parallel to each other, thereby imitating parallel sunlight.

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