Wave energy conversion device and evaluation method

Abstract

The present application relates to a wave energy conversion device and an evaluation method. The device includes: a fluid flow channel, an energy conversion system and a pressure relief system, wherein the fluid flow channel is connected to the pressure relief system, and the fluid flow channel is connected to the energy conversion system. The fluid flow channel is used to convert the wave energy transmitted to the fluid flow channel into pneumatic energy; the energy conversion system is used to convert the pneumatic energy converted by the fluid flow channel into electrical energy; and the pressure relief system is used to control the air chamber pressure in the fluid flow channel. The use of this device can improve the efficiency, frequency response width, safety and reliability of the wave energy conversion device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ocean wave energy utilization, and in particular to a wave energy conversion device and an evaluation method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology, the demand for energy is increasing. Under this circumstance, the development and utilization of new energy sources have attracted much attention, such as solar energy, tidal energy, geothermal energy, wave energy, etc.

[0003] Take wave energy as an example. Wave energy has the characteristics of high energy density, wide distribution and renewable. In related technologies, wave energy is converted into electricity through a wave energy conversion device. Once the waves in the environment of the wave energy conversion device are too large, it may threaten the safety of the wave energy conversion device. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a wave energy conversion device and an evaluation method to address the above technical problems in order to improve the safety of the wave energy conversion device.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a wave energy conversion device, the device comprising a fluid flow channel, an energy conversion system and a pressure relief system, the fluid flow channel is connected to the pressure relief system, and the fluid flow channel is connected to the energy conversion system;

[0006] a fluid flow channel for converting wave energy transmitted to the fluid flow channel into aerodynamic energy;

[0007] An energy conversion system, used to convert the pneumatic energy obtained by the fluid flow channel conversion into electrical energy;

[0008] Pressure relief system, used to control the pressure of the air chamber in the fluid flow path.

[0009] In one embodiment, the pressure relief system includes a valve flap, a valve seat, an elastic unit, a control rod and a connecting pipe, wherein the valve flap is connected to the valve seat through the elastic unit; the valve flap is also connected to the air chamber through the connecting pipe; the control rod is fixedly connected to the valve seat, and the control rod is movably connected to the valve flap and the control assembly respectively;

[0010] The control component is used to dynamically adjust the initial length of the elastic unit through the control rod to control the corresponding opening threshold of the valve disc.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, when the pressure of the air chamber exceeds the opening threshold, the valve flap is in an open state to perform a pressure relief and load reduction action;

[0012] When the pressure in the air chamber does not exceed the opening threshold, the valve disc is in a closed state to stop performing the pressure relief and load reduction action.

[0013] In one embodiment, the energy conversion system includes an air turbine and a power generation assembly, wherein the air turbine is connected to the power generation assembly;

[0014] Air turbine, used to convert the pneumatic energy obtained by fluid flow channel conversion into mechanical energy;

[0015] The power generation component is used to convert the mechanical energy obtained by the air turbine into electrical energy.

[0016] In one embodiment, the rotor speed of the air turbine is the same as the rotor speed of the generator.

[0017] In one embodiment, an air turbine includes a flow channel wall, two sets of guide vanes and a rotor blade;

[0018] One set of guide blades of the two sets of guide blades is evenly distributed at the flow channel inlet of the flow channel wall, and the other set of guide blades is evenly distributed at the flow channel outlet of the flow channel wall;

[0019] The rotor blades are evenly distributed in the axial direction in the central area of ​​the flow channel of the air turbine.

[0020] In one embodiment, the contour line of each guide vane includes an elliptical arc segment and a straight line segment, and the straight line segment is arranged along the radial tangent direction;

[0021] The suction side of the cross section of each rotor blade is an elliptical arc segment, and the pressure side is a circular arc segment.

[0022] In one of the embodiments, the contour line of the flow channel wall between the rotor blades and the guide vanes consists of a 90° arc segment and straight line segments on both sides of the arc segment.

[0023] In one embodiment, the device further comprises at least one mooring system; each mooring system is connected to the wave-facing side of the wave energy conversion device.

[0024] In one embodiment, the buoy of the mooring system is connected to the wave-facing side of the wave energy conversion device through at least one elastic component.

[0025] In one embodiment, the fluid flow channel includes a horizontal flow channel and a vertical flow channel that are interconnected, the vertical flow channel is arranged close to the wave-facing side of the wave energy conversion device, and the mouth of the horizontal flow channel is arranged close to the wave-receiving side of the wave energy conversion device, the cross-sectional area of ​​the horizontal section is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the vertical section; the horizontal flow channel and the vertical flow channel are connected by a streamlined flow channel.

[0026] In one embodiment, the fluid flow channel further includes a plurality of partitions; each partition is vertically fixed to the flow channel walls of the horizontal flow channel and the vertical flow channel.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present application also provides an evaluation method, the method comprising:

[0028] Constructing a mathematical model for the wave energy conversion device of any one of the first aspects, wherein the mathematical model is a simulation equation for simulating the motion characteristics of the wave energy conversion device;

[0029] The mathematical model is solved and the evaluation index value of the wave energy conversion device is obtained.

[0030] In one embodiment, solving the mathematical model to obtain the evaluation index value of the wave energy conversion device includes:

[0031] Discretizing the mathematical model to obtain a numerical model; the discretization includes spatial discretization and temporal discretization;

[0032] Based on the numerical model, the time history curve of the wave energy conversion device is solved. The time history curve includes the corresponding relationship between the motion response and dynamic characteristics of the wave energy conversion device and time.

[0033] According to the time history curve, the evaluation index value of the wave energy conversion device is obtained.

[0034] In one embodiment, solving a time history curve of a wave energy conversion device based on a numerical model includes:

[0035] Divide the simulation time period according to the preset time step to determine multiple moments;

[0036] Obtain the motion response value corresponding to the numerical model at each moment;

[0037] A time course curve is constructed according to each moment and the motion response value corresponding to each moment.

[0038] In one embodiment, obtaining the motion response value corresponding to each moment of the numerical model includes:

[0039] For any moment in the multiple moments, the numerical model is iteratively solved according to a preset iteration strategy until the numerical model meets the preset convergence conditions, and the motion response value at the moment is obtained.

[0040] In one embodiment, the evaluation index value includes a power generation capacity index value and a reliability index value of the wave energy conversion device.

[0041] In a third aspect, the present application further provides an evaluation device, the device comprising:

[0042] A construction module, for constructing a mathematical model for the wave energy conversion device of any one of the first aspects, wherein the mathematical model is a simulation equation for simulating the motion characteristics of the wave energy conversion device;

[0043] The calculation module is used to solve the mathematical model and obtain the evaluation index value of the wave energy conversion device.

[0044] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method in any one of the embodiments of the second aspect are implemented.

[0045] In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method in any one of the embodiments of the second aspect above.

[0046] In a sixth aspect, the present application further provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method in any one of the embodiments of the second aspect above.

[0047] The wave energy conversion device and evaluation method mentioned above, the wave energy conversion device includes: a fluid flow channel, an energy conversion system and a pressure relief system, the fluid flow channel is connected to the pressure relief system, and the fluid flow channel is connected to the energy conversion system. Among them, the fluid flow channel is used to convert the wave energy transmitted to the fluid flow channel into pneumatic energy; the energy conversion system is used to convert the pneumatic energy converted by the fluid flow channel into electrical energy; the pressure relief system is used to control the air chamber pressure in the fluid flow channel. In this device, the fluid flow channel converts wave energy into pneumatic energy, and the energy conversion system converts the pneumatic energy converted by the fluid flow channel into electrical energy, that is, the wave energy is converted into electrical energy through the fluid flow channel and the energy conversion system. In addition, in the process of converting wave energy into electrical energy, the pressure relief system controls the air chamber pressure in the fluid flow channel, which is equivalent to considering the factor that the wave is too large and affects the stability of the wave energy conversion device, and adjusting the air chamber pressure in the fluid flow channel to a normal pressure range through the pressure relief system to ensure the safety of the wave energy conversion device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the related technical descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0049] Figure 1 is a first structural schematic diagram of a wave energy conversion device in one embodiment;

[0050] Figure 2 is a first structural schematic diagram of a pressure relief system in one embodiment;

[0051] Figure 3is a second structural schematic diagram of a pressure relief system in one embodiment;

[0052] Figure 4 is a front view of an air turbine in one embodiment;

[0053] Figure 5 is a top view of an air turbine in one embodiment;

[0054] Figure 6 is a second structural schematic diagram of a wave energy conversion device in one embodiment;

[0055] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a mooring system in one embodiment;

[0056] Figure 8 is a third structural schematic diagram of a wave energy conversion device in one embodiment;

[0057] Fig. 9 A first flow chart of an evaluation method in one embodiment;

[0058] Fig.10 A flowchart of an indicator acquisition step in an embodiment;

[0059] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a curve construction step in an embodiment;

[0060] Fig.12 A second flow chart of an evaluation method in one embodiment;

[0061] Fig.13 A third flow chart of an evaluation method in one embodiment;

[0062] Fig.14 is a curve comparison diagram of the steady-state efficiency of a turbine in one embodiment;

[0063] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of a curve of performance parameters of a device in one embodiment;

[0064] Fig.16 is a structural block diagram of an evaluation device in one embodiment;

[0065] Fig.17 FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the internal structure of a computer device in one embodiment.

[0066] Description of reference numerals:

[0067] 10: Wave energy conversion device; 11: Fluid flow channel;

[0068] 12: Energy conversion system; 121: Air turbine;

[0069] 1211: guide vane; 1212: rotor blade;

[0070] 13: pressure relief system; 1311: valve disc;

[0071] 1312: elastic unit; 1313: valve seat;

[0072] 1314: control rod; 1315: connecting pipe;

[0073] 14: mooring system; 141: anchor;

[0074] 142: chain segment; 143: float;

[0075] 144: elastic component; 15: main buoyancy chamber;

[0076] 16: Auxiliary buoyancy tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0078] The terms used herein are only for describing the specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present application. The terms "include", "comprises", etc. used herein indicate the existence of the features, steps, components and / or operations, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps, components or operations.

[0079] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application should be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0080] All terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used herein have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein have the meanings consistent with the context of the corresponding terms in the claims and the specification of this application, and should not be understood in an idealized or overly rigid manner.

[0081] Wave energy is the highest-quality and most widely distributed marine renewable energy that humans have not yet been able to develop commercially. It is considered to be the hope for human energy in the future. How to achieve efficient and reliable wave energy conversion is a major scientific issue in the global renewable energy field. Compared with other existing types of wave energy conversion devices, pneumatic wave energy conversion devices have the advantages of being relatively more efficient and more reliable. However, pneumatic wave energy conversion devices still have shortcomings and challenges in improving efficiency, reliability, and design optimization theory, resulting in slow industrial development. These shortcomings and challenges mainly include:

[0082] (1) High reliability is the first indicator of a pneumatic wave energy conversion device. Under high sea conditions, on the one hand, the overall movement of the device and the violent oscillation of the water inside the air chamber cause excessive pressure on the flow channel wall of the device. At the same time, the pressure inside the air chamber of the device is too high, and the pneumatic energy input to the impulse air turbine is excessive, which seriously affects the reliability of the flow channel, turbine rotor, generator and the device as a whole. Therefore, a corresponding pressure relief and load reduction system must be adopted to protect the safety of the device; on the other hand, the violent and large movement of the device causes excessive force on the mooring system, which seriously affects the reliability and survivability of the mooring system and the device as a whole.

[0083] (2) The energy conversion efficiency of pneumatic wave energy converters is still low, and the wave frequency range that meets the requirements for efficient energy capture is still narrow. The energy conversion process of pneumatic wave energy converters includes the following three stages: the hull converts wave energy into pneumatic energy, the air turbine converts pneumatic energy into the rotational kinetic energy of the turbine rotor, and the generator converts the rotational kinetic energy into electrical energy. The improvement of the energy conversion efficiency in any of the above stages affects the overall energy conversion efficiency of the pneumatic wave energy converter to varying degrees. In addition, after a lot of research and experiments, it was found that the introduction of some resonance mechanisms may also broaden the frequency range of efficient energy capture of wave energy converters.

[0084] Based on this, under the premise of considering the reliability of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device, the air turbines currently used in the pneumatic wave energy conversion device are mostly Wells turbines, axial flow impulse air turbines with fixed and symmetrically distributed guide vanes, and radial inflow impulse air turbines. The Wells turbine has a high peak efficiency, but there is a stall phenomenon, and it is not suitable for sea areas with low wave energy flow density such as the west coast of the Pacific Ocean; the maximum value of the average efficiency of the axial flow impulse air turbine with fixed and symmetrically distributed guide vanes under reciprocating airflow does not exceed 48%, which seriously restricts the overall performance of the device; the existing radial inflow impulse air turbines often have large radial dimensions, which is not conducive to their installation with the pneumatic wave energy conversion device, and its efficiency is expected to be further improved. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an air turbine with the advantages of high reliability, high efficiency, and relatively compact axial and radial directions. At the same time, the mooring system will also affect the overall performance of the device. On this basis, it is also necessary to provide an efficiency-enhancing broadband mooring system suitable for pneumatic wave energy conversion devices to ensure the reliability of the mooring system.

[0085] (3) There may be a contradiction between the high reliability and high efficiency of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device. If the threshold of the pressure relief and load reduction system is large, the power generation of the device is increased, but the generator of the device is in a high-power power generation state for a long time under sea conditions and may exceed the rated power for a long time, affecting the reliability of the generator; if the threshold of the pressure relief and load reduction system is small, the safety of the turbine and generator is better protected, but the power generation of the device is affected. Moreover, the frequent opening / closing of the pressure relief and load reduction system will also affect the reliability of the pressure relief and load reduction system and the device as a whole.

[0086] In the actual ocean environment, the temporal and spatial distribution of wave, current and wind conditions is irregular. Occasionally large waves cause excessive pressure in the air chamber. However, since it is short-lived, it does not affect the reliability of the generator (that is, the generator is allowed to operate at a power exceeding the rated power for a short time). At this time, the pressure relief and load reduction system is not needed. This not only helps to increase power generation, but also improves the reliability of the pressure relief and load reduction system.

[0087] (4) The design optimization theory of pneumatic wave energy converters is lacking. The time cost and human and material cost of the sea trial of pneumatic wave energy converters are quite huge. In this case, the numerical simulation result method is the most important means to study the performance and optimization of pneumatic wave energy converters. However, due to the extreme complexity of the simulation of pneumatic wave energy converters, it is necessary to consider difficult problems such as multiple moving bodies, multiple physical fields, multiphase flow, and strong nonlinearity. Accurate prediction of device performance also requires consideration of the interaction between the various energy conversion stages. So far, although many experts and scholars have recognized the importance of coupled simulation of the entire wave-to-electricity system of pneumatic wave energy converters, the corresponding theoretical model has not yet been established, and the design optimization theory of pneumatic wave energy converters is lacking.

[0088] The numerical simulations of existing pneumatic wave energy converters only focus on a certain energy conversion stage of the device, or use simplified models to describe the interaction between the various energy conversion stages. The prediction model for the overall performance of the pneumatic wave energy converter basically uses the linear superposition method (see "An integrated numerical model for the chamber-turbine system of an oscillating water column wave energy converter (Liu et. Al, 2021)"). At and near the resonance point of the device, the simulation error of the device response amplitude is as high as 100%, and the simulation error of the energy conversion efficiency is as high as 30%. It can be seen that the existing simulation methods cannot accurately predict the energy conversion efficiency of each level of the pneumatic wave energy converter and the overall performance of the device, and it is difficult to provide a reliable analysis tool to optimize the performance of the device.

[0089] In summary, the pneumatic wave energy conversion devices in the related art have the problems of low reliability and low energy conversion efficiency, and there is also a lack of theoretical optimization methods for wave energy conversion devices. Based on this, the present application provides an automatic pressure relief and load reduction system with adjustable thresholds to protect the reliability of the wave energy conversion device in real time; constructs a mooring system for the wave energy conversion device based on high-strength elastic components to reduce the maximum force of the mooring system and further improve the safety performance of the wave energy conversion device; and proposes a radial inflow impact air turbine, which has the characteristics of high reliability, high efficiency, and relatively compactness in both axial and radial directions, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the wave energy conversion device. In addition, the embodiment of the present application also provides a simulation method for the full system coupling from wave to electricity for a pneumatic wave energy conversion device, filling the gap in the design optimization theory of wave energy conversion devices.

[0090] The technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0091] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a wave energy conversion device 10 is provided, the device comprises a fluid flow channel 11, an energy conversion system 12 and a pressure relief system 13, the fluid flow channel 11 is connected to the pressure relief system 13, and the fluid flow channel 11 is connected to the energy conversion system 12;

[0092] The fluid flow channel 11 is used to convert the wave energy transmitted to the fluid flow channel 11 into aerodynamic energy;

[0093] An energy conversion system 12, used for converting the pneumatic energy converted by the fluid flow channel 11 into electrical energy;

[0094] The pressure relief system 13 is used to control the pressure of the air chamber in the fluid flow channel 11 .

[0095] Figure 1 The wave energy conversion device 10 shown includes: a fluid flow channel 11, an energy conversion system 12, and a pressure relief system 13. Figure 1 It can be seen that the fluid flow channel 11 is respectively connected to the energy conversion system 12 and the pressure relief system 13 .

[0096] Among them, the fluid flow channel 11 includes a liquid flow channel and a gas flow channel. One end of the fluid flow channel 11 (the inlet of the liquid flow channel) is connected to the water body to convert wave energy into pneumatic energy; the other end of the fluid flow channel 11 (the outlet of the gas flow channel) is connected to the energy conversion system 12, and the energy conversion system 12 converts the pneumatic kinetic energy generated by the fluid flow channel 11 into electrical energy, such as converting the pneumatic kinetic energy into rotational kinetic energy, and then converting the rotational kinetic energy into electrical energy.

[0097] In addition, during the energy conversion process of the wave energy conversion device 10, the fluid flow channel 11 is also connected to the pressure relief system 13, so that the pressure relief system 13 automatically opens or closes the valve flap in the pressure relief system 13 according to the air chamber pressure of the gas flow channel in the fluid flow channel 11, thereby controlling the connection or closure between the fluid flow channel 11 and the atmosphere to control the air chamber pressure in the fluid flow channel 11.

[0098] In actual application scenarios, if the pressure of the fluid flow channel 11 in the wave energy conversion device 10 is too high, considering that the pneumatic energy input to the energy conversion system 12 is excessive, affecting the reliability of the wave energy conversion device 10, it is necessary to control the fluid flow channel 11 to be connected to the atmosphere to reduce the air chamber pressure in the fluid flow channel 11; if the pressure of the fluid flow channel 11 in the wave energy conversion device 10 is within the preset threshold range, it means that the pneumatic energy of the energy conversion system 12 is not enough to affect the reliability of the wave energy conversion device 10. At this time, the fluid flow channel 11 can be controlled to be disconnected from the outside atmosphere, and it no longer plays a role in reducing the air chamber pressure in the fluid flow channel 11.

[0099] It should be emphasized that the wave energy conversion device 10 also has a mooring function. Based on this, please continue to refer to Figure 1 The wave energy conversion device 10 in the embodiment of the present application further includes a mooring system 14 , and the mooring system 14 is used to fix the wave energy conversion device 10 .

[0100] The mooring system 14 in the embodiment of the present application may be arranged on the wave-facing side of the wave energy conversion device 10 , or may be arranged on the wave-receiving side of the wave energy conversion device 10 . Figure 1Take the example where the mooring system 14 is arranged on the wave-facing side of the wave energy conversion device 10 .

[0101] In the embodiment of the present application, the wave energy conversion device 10 includes a fluid flow channel 11, an energy conversion system 12, and a pressure relief system 13. The fluid flow channel 11 is connected to the pressure relief system 13, and the fluid flow channel 11 is connected to the energy conversion system 12. Among them, the fluid flow channel 11 is used to convert the wave energy transmitted to the fluid flow channel 11 into pneumatic energy; the energy conversion system 12 is used to convert the pneumatic energy converted by the fluid flow channel 11 into electrical energy; the pressure relief system 13 is used to control the pressure of the air chamber in the fluid flow channel 11. In this device, the fluid flow channel 11 converts wave energy into pneumatic energy, and the energy conversion system 12 converts the pneumatic energy converted by the fluid flow channel 11 into electrical energy, that is, the wave energy is converted into electrical energy through the fluid flow channel 11 and the energy conversion system 12. Moreover, during the process of converting wave energy into electrical energy, the pressure relief system 13 controls the air chamber pressure in the fluid flow channel 11, which is equivalent to taking into account the factor that excessive waves affect the stability of the wave energy conversion device 10. The pressure relief system 13 adjusts the air chamber pressure in the fluid flow channel 11 within a normal pressure range to ensure the safety of the wave energy conversion device 10.

[0102] Next, the structures and functions of the fluid flow channel 11 , the energy conversion system 12 , the pressure relief system 13 and the mooring system 14 in the wave energy conversion device 10 are described respectively.

[0103] In an exemplary embodiment, the fluid flow channel 11 includes a horizontal flow channel and a vertical flow channel that are interconnected. The vertical flow channel is arranged close to the wave-facing side of the wave energy conversion device 10, and the horizontal flow channel is arranged close to the wave-receiving side of the wave energy conversion device 10. The cross-sectional area of ​​the horizontal section is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the vertical section. The horizontal flow channel and the vertical flow channel are connected by a streamlined flow channel.

[0104] Please continue to see Figure 1 The fluid flow channel 11 can be an L-shaped flow channel, specifically including a horizontal section and a vertical section that are interconnected. The end of the horizontal section away from the vertical section is the mouth of the fluid flow channel 11 and is completely immersed in the water body. The mouth of the fluid flow channel 11 is located on the back-wave side, and the upper half of the vertical section is an air chamber.

[0105] In the embodiment of the present application, when the area of ​​the horizontal cross-section of the fluid flow channel 11 is equal to the area of ​​the vertical cross-section, there is no restriction on the shapes of the horizontal cross-section and the vertical cross-section of the fluid flow channel 11. For example, the horizontal cross-section can be rectangular, pentagonal or other streamlined shapes, and the vertical cross-section of the fluid flow channel 11 can be rectangular.

[0106] Please continue to see Figure 1In order to improve the flow field in the fluid flow channel 11, the upper and lower corners inside the fluid flow channel 11 (ie, the intersection of the horizontal flow channel and the vertical flow channel) can also be set as chamfers or rounded corners.

[0107] In an exemplary embodiment, the fluid flow channel 11 further includes a plurality of partitions; each partition is vertically fixed to the flow channel walls of the horizontal flow channel and the vertical flow channel.

[0108] Inside the fluid flow channel 11, a plurality of vertical partitions perpendicular to the flow channel wall are arranged at preset intervals, and each partition is fixedly connected to the inner wall and the outer wall of the flow channel, for example, by welding. Preferably, the number of vertical partitions is set to 1-3.

[0109] Furthermore, one end of the partition extends to the mouth of the horizontal section of the fluid flow channel 11 , and the other end extends to the free water surface position of the vertical section of the fluid flow channel 11 .

[0110] In the embodiment of the present application, the vertical baffles help to guide the water in the fluid flow channel 11 to flow smoothly in the vertical direction, thereby improving the energy capture efficiency of the wave energy conversion device 10; at the same time, the vertical baffles strengthen the structural strength of the fluid flow channel of the device, and can also improve the survivability of the wave energy conversion device 10 in complex sea conditions to a certain extent.

[0111] Next, the structure and function of the pressure relief system 13 in the wave energy conversion device 10 will be described.

[0112] In an exemplary embodiment, see Figure 2 The pressure relief system 13 includes a valve flap 1311, a valve seat 1313, an elastic unit 1312, a control rod 1314 and a connecting pipe 1315. The valve flap 1311 is connected to the valve seat 1313 through the elastic unit 1312, and the valve flap 1311 is also connected to the air chamber through the connecting pipe 1315; the control rod 1314 is fixedly connected to the valve seat 1313, and the control rod 1314 is movably connected to the valve flap 1311 and the control component respectively;

[0113] The control component is used to dynamically adjust the initial length of the elastic unit 1312 through the control rod 1314 to control the opening threshold corresponding to the valve flap 1311.

[0114] The control rod 1314 may be a telescopic rod, the elastic unit 1312 may be a spring or other elastic system, and the initial state of the elastic unit 1312 is a compressed state, and the initial length is the compressed length of the elastic unit 1312 in the compressed state.

[0115] Please continue to see Figure 2 , Figure 2The dotted line on the inner wall of the connecting tube 1315 represents a plane with a gap, on which a control component can be installed. In this way, the control component deployed on the surface of the connecting tube 1315 can be connected to the control rod 1314 to flexibly adjust the upward / downward movement of the control rod 1314, thereby controlling the initial length of the elastic unit 1312 to shorten / lengthen, and further controlling the corresponding opening threshold of the valve flap 1311 to increase / decrease.

[0116] In actual scenarios, when the control component detects that the wave energy conversion device 10 is in or about to be in severe sea conditions, it can control the control rod 1314 in the pressure relief system 13 to move downward, so that the initial length of the elastic unit 1312 becomes longer to reduce the opening threshold of the valve flap 1311.

[0117] Furthermore, when the control component detects that the wave energy conversion device 10 is converted from severe sea conditions to normal sea conditions, the control component controls the control rod 1314 in the pressure relief system 13 to move upward, so that the initial length of the elastic unit 1312 becomes shorter, or returns to the initial compressed length, so as to increase the opening threshold of the valve flap 1311.

[0118] It should be noted that the control component may also be connected to the elastic unit 1312 to directly adjust the initial length of the elastic unit 1312 .

[0119] In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the control component can have multiple adjustment lengths for adjusting the initial length of the elastic unit through the control rod 1314, that is, the valve flap 1311 can have multiple opening thresholds, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0120] In an exemplary embodiment, when the pressure of the air chamber exceeds the opening threshold, the valve flap 1311 is in an open state to perform a pressure relief and load reduction action;

[0121] When the pressure of the air chamber does not exceed the opening threshold, the valve flap 1311 is in a closed state to stop performing the pressure relief and load reduction action.

[0122] The pressure relief principle in the pressure relief system 13 is further explained: Under normal conditions, if Figure 2 As shown, under the action of the gravity and elastic pressure of the valve flap 1311, the valve flap 1311 is closed; when the pressure in the air chamber reaches a threshold, the gas pressure on the valve flap 1311 is greater than the sum of its own gravity and elastic pressure, and the valve flap 1311 moves upward (toward the valve seat) and opens, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, at this time, the air chamber is connected to the atmosphere, which plays a role in relieving pressure and load and protecting various components in the energy conversion system 12.

[0123] It should be noted that, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3From the above, when the connecting tube 1315 is fixed at a specific position, as the control rod 1314 is extended and retracted, the distance between the valve seat 1313 and the upper surface of the connecting tube 1315 will also change. For example, when the control rod 1314 is shortened, the length of the elastic unit 1312 is shortened, and the distance between the valve seat 1313 and the connecting tube 1315 is extended. In addition, the height of the valve flap 1311 is the same as the distance between the valve flap 1311 and the upper surface of the connecting tube 1315 (i.e., the gap for airflow movement).

[0124] Next, the structure and function of the energy conversion system 12 in the wave energy conversion device 10 will be described.

[0125] In an exemplary embodiment, the energy conversion system 12 includes an air turbine 121 and a power generation assembly, the air turbine being connected to the power generation assembly;

[0126] The air turbine 121 is used to convert the pneumatic energy converted by the fluid flow channel 11 into mechanical energy;

[0127] The power generation component is used to convert the mechanical energy converted by the air turbine 121 into electrical energy.

[0128] In an exemplary embodiment, the rotor speed of the air turbine 121 is the same as the rotor speed of the power generation assembly.

[0129] The air turbine 121 may be an impact air turbine having a self-rectifying characteristic. Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the air turbine 121, as shown in Figure 4 As shown, the air turbine 121 includes guide blades 1211 and rotor blades 1212. In practical applications, no matter whether the airflow direction in the flow channel of the air turbine 121 is inflow or outflow, the air torque acting on the rotor blades 1212 of the air turbine 121 is always in the same direction, that is, the rotor blades 1212 of the air turbine 121 always keep unidirectional rotation, so that the air turbine 121 can fully convert aerokinetic energy into mechanical energy, thereby improving the overall energy conversion efficiency of the wave energy conversion device 10.

[0130] In addition, the height between the flow channel inlet of the air turbine 121 and the free water surface in the air chamber meets a certain vertical distance requirement, that is, under the operating conditions of the wave energy conversion device 10, the water in the fluid flow channel 11 will not flow back into the turbine flow channel.

[0131] Optionally, the impact air turbine is connected to the air chamber via a flow channel with a streamlined profile, or the upper side wall of the flow channel inlet below the turbine coincides with the top side wall of the air chamber, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the hull part of the device and the impact air turbine.

[0132] The power generation component can be a direct-drive generator, which causes the rotor to rotate through the rotating magnetic field formed by the permanent magnet, thereby generating an induced electromotive force, which is processed by electrical equipment such as a rectifier and ultimately converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0133] In the wave energy conversion device 10, the power generation component is coaxially connected to the turbine rotor 121 and has the same rotation speed, so that the power generation component can fully utilize the mechanical energy converted by the air turbine 121 and improve the conversion efficiency of mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0134] In an exemplary embodiment, please continue to see Figure 4 , the air turbine 121 includes a flow channel wall, two sets of guide vanes 1211 and rotor blades 1212;

[0135] One set of guide blades of the two sets of guide blades 1211 is evenly distributed at the flow channel inlet of the flow channel wall, and the other set of guide blades is evenly distributed at the flow channel outlet of the flow channel wall;

[0136] The rotor blades 1212 are evenly distributed in the axial direction in the central area of ​​the flow passage of the air turbine 121 .

[0137] The air turbine 121 is an impact-type air turbine, which is composed of a flow channel wall, two groups of guide blades 1211, a turbine rotor part (including a hub and rotor blades 1212 fixed on the hub), and a rotating main shaft.

[0138] The air turbine 121 flow channel is shaped like a letter U with a certain thickness and is formed by rotating one circle. It can be divided into guide vanes 1211, flow channel walls (transition sections) and rotor blades 1212. For further information, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 is a top view of the air turbine 121, Figure 5 It can be seen that the guide blades 1211 of the air turbine 121 are evenly distributed at the flow channel inlet of the flow channel wall. It should be noted that the air turbine 121 is a symmetrical structure, that is, the top view and the bottom view of the air turbine 121 arranged axially vertically are the same, therefore, another group of guide blades 1211 of the air turbine 121 in the embodiment of the present application are evenly distributed near the flow channel outlet of the flow channel wall.

[0139] The two groups of guide vanes 1211 are fixedly connected to the flow channel wall of the air turbine 121 and are evenly and symmetrically distributed in the circumferential direction at positions close to the flow channel inlet and the flow channel outlet, and the cross-sections of the guide vanes 1211 are of equal thickness.

[0140] In one embodiment, please continue to see Figure 4 or Figure 5The contour line of each guide vane 1211 in the air turbine 121 is composed of an elliptical arc segment and a shorter straight line segment, and the straight line segment is arranged along the radial tangent direction.

[0141] The turbine rotor portion is axially arranged in a cylindrical region at the center of the flow channel, and the rotor blades 1212 are evenly arranged along the axial direction.

[0142] In one embodiment, the suction side of each rotor blade 1212 in the air turbine 121 is an elliptical arc segment, and the pressure side is a circular arc segment, that is, the contour line of the cross section of each rotor blade 1212 in the air turbine 121 along its height direction is crescent-shaped.

[0143] In one embodiment, the contour line of the transition section between the rotor blade 1212 and the guide vane 1211 in the air turbine 121 consists of a 90° arc segment and straight line segments on both sides of the arc segment.

[0144] Under normal working conditions, the airflow is radially incident from the inlet of the U-shaped flow channel turbine, and after passing through a set of guide blades 1211 and the flow channel wall, it flows into the rotor blades 1212 at a certain angle and drives the rotor blades 1212 in the air turbine 121 to rotate, and then the airflow passes through another set of guide blades 1211 and flows out from the turbine outlet.

[0145] Preferably, the number of rotor blades 1212 in the turbine rotor portion of the air turbine 121 is 26 to 34, and the hub ratio is 0.60 to 0.75.

[0146] Preferably, if the radius corresponding to the outer wall of the flow channel where the rotor blades 1212 of the air turbine 121 are located is R, the semi-major axis of the elliptical arc of the guide blade 1211 is 0.40R~0.65R, and the semi-minor axis is 0.26R~0.34R; the length of the straight segment of the guide blade 1211 is 0.03R~0.06R; the number of guide blades 1211 is 14~24; the radius of the inner wall of the arc part of the transition section is 0.45R~0.55R, and the length of the straight part is 0.20R~0.30R.

[0147] In the embodiment of the present application, the guide vanes 1211 in the impingement-type air turbine 121 are fixed, and there are no moving parts except the rotor blades 1212, so the structure is simple and the reliability is high; the flow section of the flow passage between the rotor blades 1212 of the air turbine 121 and the downstream guide vanes 1211 is continuously increased, and the air flow velocity is gradually reduced, so the aerodynamic loss occurring at the downstream guide vanes 1211 is reduced, thereby improving the turbine efficiency, and having the characteristics of high efficiency. At the same time, the transition section of the air turbine 121 is relatively small in radial and axial dimensions. On the one hand, the air turbine 121 is relatively compact in both axial and radial directions as a whole, and has high cost performance, and is also more conducive to the fixed connection between the air turbine 121 and the fluid flow passage 11 of the wave energy conversion device 10; on the other hand, the weight of the air turbine 121 is relatively small, which is conducive to improving the stability of the wave energy conversion device 10.

[0148] In the actual application scenario of the wave energy conversion device 10, especially when the wind and waves are large, the mooring ability of the wave energy conversion device 10 is also crucial. In the embodiment of the present application, the mooring system 14 is used to fix the wave energy conversion device 10 in a specific position, such as a device at a mooring position such as the seabed and the coast. Normally, in order to maintain the balance of the wave energy conversion device 10, the mooring system 14 is arranged on the wave-facing side of the wave energy conversion device 10, and the counterweight system is fixed on the back-wave side of the wave energy conversion device 10. Of course, the mooring system 14 can also be fixed at other positions on the back-wave side of the wave energy conversion device 10, and this embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.

[0149] In an exemplary embodiment, the device further comprises at least one mooring system 14 ; each mooring system 14 is connected to the wave-facing side of the wave energy conversion device 10 .

[0150] The mooring system 14 is used to fix the wave energy conversion device 10 at a designated location.

[0151] Take the wave energy conversion device 10 including three mooring systems 14 as an example, see Figure 6 , Figure 6 1 is a top view of the wave energy conversion device 10. Each mooring system 14 can be fixed to the vertical section of the fluid flow channel 11 in the wave energy conversion device 10, and the fixing positions of different mooring systems 14 are different. In the embodiment of the present application, one end of the mooring system 14 is fixed to the wave energy conversion device 10, and the other end can be fixed to the seabed, which means that the wave energy conversion device 10 can be moored on the sea surface.

[0152] In actual scenarios, one or more mooring systems 14 may also be arranged on the side of the wave energy conversion device 10 facing away from the waves. The mooring system 14 here may be a separate anchor and chain, or a new type of mooring system 14 including elastic components, so as to improve the reliability and survivability of the wave energy conversion device 10. Based on this, the structure and function of the mooring system 14 are further described below.

[0153] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 It is a top view of a mooring system 14 , which includes an anchor 141 , a chain 142 , a buoy 143 and two elastic components 144 .

[0154] The buoy 143 of the mooring system 14 is connected to the wave-facing side of the wave energy conversion device 10 via at least one elastic component 144 .

[0155] It should be noted that Figure 7 Taking the mooring system 14 including two elastic components 144 as an example, it is only a schematic diagram of the mooring system 14. In actual applications, the number of elastic components 144 in the mooring system 14 may also be 1, 3, etc.

[0156] Optionally, the chain 142 includes a catenary segment and a lying segment, and the total length of the chain 142 may be 1.5 to 8.0 times the depth of the water.

[0157] In an actual mooring scenario, one end of the chain 142 is connected to the anchor 141 and fixed on the seabed, and the other end of the chain 142 is fixed on the buoy 143. The buoy 143 is respectively connected to two elastic components 144, and the other ends of the two elastic components 144 are respectively fixed at different positions of the wave energy conversion device 10.

[0158] In terms of material, each elastic segment in the elastic component 144 can be a combination of a chain and a spring / other elastic system, or a high-strength elastic rope.

[0159] In terms of quantity, the elastic components of a single mooring system 14 may be one, two arranged in a V-shape, or more arranged in a dispersed manner.

[0160] In terms of length, the horizontal length of each elastic component 144 is 2 to 3 times the length of the wave energy conversion device 10 (ie, the distance from the buoy 143 to the wave energy conversion device 10 ).

[0161] In the embodiment of the present application, the mooring system 14 adopts a mooring method of an anchor 141, a chain segment 142, a buoy 143, and an elastic component 144, which smoothes the mooring force of the mooring system 14 on the hull of the wave energy conversion device 10, increases the longitudinal response of the wave energy conversion device 10 under wave conditions, thereby achieving a broadband efficiency enhancement effect, thereby improving the overall power generation performance of the wave energy conversion device 10. In addition, the combination of the buoy 143 and the elastic component 144 (or the elastic energy absorbing component) reduces the maximum force in the mooring system 14 to a certain extent, improves the reliability of the mooring system 14, and also improves the overall reliability and survivability of the wave energy conversion device 10 to a certain extent.

[0162] In actual application scenarios, the wave energy conversion device 10 may include, in addition to the above-mentioned pressure relief system 13, fluid flow channel 11, power generation components and air turbine 121, a plurality of other components to further improve the wave energy conversion device 10 and adapt to actual needs, such as sensors for monitoring the status of the device, energy storage systems, monitoring systems, etc.

[0163] In an exemplary embodiment, the wave energy conversion device 10 may also include a buoyancy tank, an energy storage system, a power output system, a monitoring system, a counterweight, a sensor, and the like.

[0164] Preferably, see Figure 8 , Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wave energy conversion device 10, Figure 8 In the embodiment, the buoyancy tank includes a main buoyancy tank 15 and an auxiliary buoyancy tank 16. Taking the fluid flow channel 11 as an L-shaped flow channel as an example, the main buoyancy tank 15 can be arranged above the horizontal section of the L-shaped flow channel, half submerged in water, and the auxiliary buoyancy tank 16 can be arranged outside the vertical section of the L-shaped flow channel, half submerged or fully submerged in water. At this time, the mooring system 14 in the wave energy conversion device 10 can also be fixed on the auxiliary buoyancy tank 16.

[0165] In practical applications, if the wave energy conversion device 10 includes the main buoyancy tank 15, the auxiliary buoyancy tank 16 may not be provided. This embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0166] The monitoring system includes information collection equipment (such as sensors, cameras, etc.), information transmission equipment, back-end control equipment, storage equipment and display equipment.

[0167] The energy storage system, the back-end control and display equipment of the monitoring system, the counterweight, etc. are all arranged inside the main buoyancy compartment 15.

[0168] The sensors include but are not limited to the following sensors: (1) a liquid level sensor, which can be installed inside the air chamber to monitor the water level oscillation elevation in the L-shaped flow channel; (2) a vibration sensor, which can be installed on the base of the power generation component to monitor the water level vibration of the power generation component; (3) a temperature sensor, which can be installed on the surface of the generator and inside the main buoyancy chamber 15 to monitor the temperature of the power generation component and the temperature inside the main buoyancy chamber 15; (4) a flow sensor, which can be installed inside the flow channel of the air turbine 121 to monitor the gas volume flow rate; (5) a speed sensor, which can be installed on the connecting shaft between the rotor part of the air turbine 121 and the power generation component to monitor the turbine rotor speed and the power generation component speed; (6) a torque sensor, which can be installed on the connecting shaft between the rotor part of the air turbine 121 and the power generation component to monitor the main torque provided by the turbine rotor to the power generation component.

[0169] Preferably, in order to monitor the operating status of the wave energy conversion device 10 in real time, the data acquired by the above sensors and the monitoring data obtained by the monitoring system can be uploaded to the cloud for remote viewing by staff.

[0170] Combined with the above structural description of the wave energy conversion device 10, the working principle of the wave energy conversion device 10 can be summarized as follows: under the action of waves, currents, wind, etc., the wave energy conversion device 10 undergoes six degrees of freedom motion, namely, longitudinal sway, transverse sway, heave sway, roll, pitch, and bow sway, causing the water body in the fluid flow channel 11 of the wave energy conversion device 10 to couple with the device to oscillate, causing the water column in the liquid flow channel of the fluid flow channel 11 to oscillate up and down, and the air pressure in the air chamber to alternate between positive and negative; the top or side wall of the air chamber is connected to the atmosphere through the air flow channel in the fluid flow channel 11. The two air chambers 121 and 122 are connected to form a reciprocating airflow in the air channel under the action of the pressure difference, driving the impact-type air turbine 121 installed in the air channel to rotate unidirectionally, thereby driving the power generation component coaxially connected to the air turbine 121 to generate electricity, thereby realizing the conversion of wave energy into aerokinetic energy, aerokinetic energy into rotational mechanical energy, and rotational mechanical energy to electrical energy; at the same time, when the pressure of the air chamber in the fluid flow channel 11 is higher than the pressure threshold, the threshold-adjustable pressure relief system 13 installed above the air chamber opens, which plays a role in relieving pressure and reducing load, and protecting the air turbine 121 and the power generation component.

[0171] It should be emphasized that the wave energy conversion device 10 in the embodiment of the present application can also be expanded into a multi-chamber pneumatic type, that is, a plurality of the above-mentioned hull parts are connected in parallel to form a primary wave energy conversion system, and the layout of the secondary energy conversion system and the tertiary energy conversion system can adopt a multi-turbine multi-generator mode, a multi-turbine single generator mode or a single turbine single generator mode.

[0172] The multi-chamber pneumatic wave energy conversion device 10 has been greatly expanded in the width direction, and a single set of devices can capture wave energy in a larger range, greatly increasing the power output of a single set of devices; the multi-chamber pneumatic wave energy conversion device 10 has N+6 degrees of freedom of motion, wherein N represents the oscillation degrees of freedom of the water column of N air chambers, and 6 represents the longitudinal, transverse, vertical, roll, pitch, and bow swing of the device itself, a total of 6 degrees of freedom. Since each degree of freedom of the device generates oscillation waves in the flow channel with different frequencies, these oscillation waves of different frequencies are superimposed on the oscillation of the water column itself in the flow channel, so that when wave energy is converted into pneumatic energy, the pneumatic energy changes with the periodic curve and shows multi-peak characteristics, and the device responds to the widening of the wave period width and the wave energy conversion The efficiency of converting to pneumatic energy is increased, thereby producing an efficiency-enhancing broadband effect; the unit kilowatt cost of the multi-chamber pneumatic wave energy conversion device 10 is greatly reduced, which is specifically reflected in the reduction of the device transportation cost (i.e., transportation from the shipyard to the working sea area), the mooring system cost, the power output system cost, the turbine cost and the generator cost (when using a multi-turbine single generator mode or a single turbine single generator mode). This is because under the same total installed capacity, compared with a single multi-chamber device, the transportation cost of multiple single-chamber devices is higher than that of a single multi-chamber device, the multiple single-chamber devices are equipped with more mooring systems and transmission cables, the workload of offshore construction and future operation and maintenance is greater, and the cost per kilowatt of installed capacity and the operation and maintenance cost are higher.

[0173] The above is an explanation of the structure of the wave energy conversion device. Considering the lack of reliable analysis models and theoretical basis for the overall performance prediction and structural optimization of the wave energy conversion device, the embodiment of the present application also provides an evaluation method to provide a reliability analysis basis for the system design and optimization of the wave energy conversion device.

[0174] In an exemplary embodiment, Fig. 9 As shown, a wave energy conversion device evaluation method is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0175] S901, constructing a mathematical model for the wave energy conversion device, where the mathematical model is a simulation equation for simulating the motion characteristics of the wave energy conversion device.

[0176] According to the functional type, the wave energy conversion device is divided into the hull system (fluid flow channel and buoyancy tank), air turbine system, power generation component system (generator), pressure relief system and mooring system; then, according to the motion characteristics of each system, the control equations of each system are constructed respectively. Finally, the above-constructed equations are coupled to the whole system to obtain the mathematical model of the wave energy conversion device.

[0177] In the embodiment of the present application, the mathematical model specifically includes the fluid motion equation, the hull motion equation, the turbine rotor motion equation, the pressure relief system control equation, the generator model control equation, the mooring system control equation, and the determination of the mathematical model boundary conditions and the mathematical model initial conditions.

[0178] Among them, the fluid motion equations are the continuity equation considering the compressibility of the fluid, the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations, the turbulence model equations and the gas state equations; the hull motion equations, the turbine rotor motion equations and the pressure relief system control equations are Newton's second law equations.

[0179] The specific construction process of the mathematical model is described below:

[0180] Specifying a Cartesian coordinate system - , where the origin coincides with the still water surface, The axis direction is the wave propagation direction, The axis direction is the direction of the wave crest line. The axis direction is vertically upward. In addition, a local coordinate system moving with the device is established at the center of mass of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device. - .

[0181] The fluid part includes water and gas. Its control equations are the continuity equation and the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The turbulence model equations are introduced and expressed as:

[0182] Formula (1)

[0183] Formula (2)

[0184] Formula (3)

[0185] In the above formula, is the fluid density; is time; subscript , j and k are dummy labels, and i=1, j=2, k=3; The fluid along Speed ​​in direction; is the action on the fluid particles Volume forces in direction; is the relative pressure of the fluid; and are the fluid dynamic viscosity coefficient and turbulent viscosity respectively; is the Kronecker function; is the turbulent kinetic energy. SST can be used - Model or - The model is solved and expressed as:

[0186] Formula (4)

[0187] In the above formula (4), Depending on the selected turbulence model, they represent and ,or and ; are the model coefficients; yes The generated items; yes dissipative term. , and The expressions are different in different models.

[0188] Alternatively, the water phase is considered to be incompressible, and the compressibility of the gas phase can be ignored in small-scale models or rough calculations. In this case, the formulas (1) to (4) are closed. However, the compressibility of the gas phase must be considered in large-scale or full-scale models. In this case, the gas phase state equation is supplemented to solve the gas phase density change, which is expressed as:

[0189] Formula (5)

[0190] In the above formula (5), is the absolute temperature of the gas phase; is the density of the air phase.

[0191] Optionally, formula (5) is a general form of the gas phase state equation, and according to the specific situation, an ideal gas state, a real gas state equation, a thermodynamic equation, etc. can be selected. The real gas state equation includes but is not limited to the van der Waals equation, the RK equation, the SRK equation, the Virial equation, etc.

[0192] The above formulas (1) to (5) form a closed system, and the fluid motion equations obtained can be used to solve the velocity field, pressure distribution and density distribution in the fluid region.

[0193] Among them, the motion equation of the hull part is Newton's second law, which is expressed as:

[0194] Formula (6)

[0195] In the above formula (6), is the generalized mass matrix in the form of a 6th-order diagonal matrix, corresponding to the 6 degrees of freedom of the hull; and are the generalized acceleration vector and the generalized force vector. The forces acting on the hull include gravity , fluid pressure , fluid shear force , rotor reaction force and mooring force , respectively expressed as:

[0196] Formula (7)

[0197] Formula (8)

[0198] Formula (9)

[0199] Formula (10)

[0200] Formula (11)

[0201] Formula (12)

[0202] In the above formula, is the mass of the hull portion; is the gravitational acceleration vector; It is part of the hull wall; is the unit normal vector of the hull wall area element; is a third-order unit tensor; represents the shear stress tensor acting on the hull wall area element; represents the acceleration vector of the rotor.

[0203] It should be noted that the mooring force There are two expressions for , corresponding to different states of the mooring system: when the mooring system components directly connected to the pneumatic wave energy conversion device (such as the elastic section of the mooring system) are in a relaxed state, formula (11) is used; when the mooring system components directly connected to the pneumatic wave energy conversion device (such as the elastic section of the mooring system) are in a taut state and produce elastic deformation, formula (12) is used.

[0204] exist In the expression of, that is, in formula (11) and formula (12), , is the catenary model parameter of the mooring system; , and They are the stiffness coefficient, mass and the angle between its axis and the horizontal direction of the taut mooring system component; is the deformation of the mooring system components after tensioning; is the proportionality coefficient, which is related to the mass distribution of the mooring system itself; is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0205] It should be emphasized that the mooring force The expression is not only applicable to the mooring system in the embodiment of the present application, but also applicable to the traditional anchor chain mooring method and the mooring system using anchor chain, buoy and chain.

[0206] In addition, the above mooring force The expression of only considers that a single mooring system component is directly connected to the wave energy conversion device, and the layout direction of the mooring system component is The directions coincide.

[0207] If multiple mooring system components are directly connected to the device, it is necessary to The expression of is used to calculate the mooring force generated by each mooring system component and add them together; if other layout directions of mooring system components are considered, it is necessary to The expression for the mooring force in Cartesian coordinates is - Decompose in.

[0208] The moment on the hull is the fluid pressure , fluid shear force and rotor reaction force and mooring force The distance vectors from each force vector to the center of mass of the hull are added after cross product operation, which is expressed as:

[0209] Formula (13)

[0210] In the above formula (13), , , and They are the distance vectors from the fluid pressure, fluid shear force, rotor reaction force and mooring force to the center of mass of the hull section.

[0211] One end of the turbine flow channel is connected to the air chamber of the hull, and the other end is connected to the atmosphere. The turbine is fixed on the hull and moves with the hull in 6 degrees of freedom. Its motion equation is Newton's second law. At the same time, the turbine rotor rotates unidirectionally around the rotation axis of the rotor relative to the hull. In the local coordinate system - The following describes its motion, expressed as:

[0212] Formula (14)

[0213] In the above formula (14), The turbine rotor edge Moment of inertia in direction; The turbine rotor edge Angular acceleration in direction; The pressure difference between the suction side and the pressure side of the rotor blades causes the Directional driving torque; is the edge force applied by the generator to the turbine rotor Damping torque in the direction; The turbine rotor is subject to the bearing friction torque and other resistance torque in the direction.

[0214] The pressure relief system is an automatic pressure relief system with adjustable thresholds. It is installed above the air chamber of the hull. The motion equation of its valve disc is Newton's second law. At the same time, the valve disc of the automatic pressure relief system with adjustable thresholds is relative to the hull section. Directional single-degree-of-freedom motion, expressed as:

[0215] Formula (15)

[0216] In the above formula (15), It is the quality of the valve disc of the automatic pressure relief system with adjustable threshold; The valve disc edge Acceleration in direction; It is the lifting force of the gas in the air chamber on the valve disc (along the direction); The valve disc's own gravity Directional component; It is the elastic coefficient of the spring or other elastic system between the valve disc and the valve seat; and are the initial length of the spring or other elastic system and the actual length at the current moment, and they must satisfy ; It is the edge of the valve disc when it moves. The damping force in the direction of the valve flap is , during the valve disc closing process ; The valve disc is subjected to the Direction support.

[0217] When the valve disc is closed and the pressure in the air chamber is less than or equal to the threshold of the automatic pressure relief system, the air chamber pressure is insufficient to drive the valve disc to move. At this time, the valve disc is relative to the local coordinate system. - At rest, its acceleration is 0, and the formula (15) , ,and , and Once the pressure in the air chamber is greater than the threshold of the automatic pressure relief system, the valve disc begins to open. At this time, the formula (15) , ; Then with Increase and / or The valve disc begins to close until .

[0218] It should be noted that in the above formula (15) It can be adjusted according to the actual sea conditions to achieve the effect of automatic pressure relief with adjustable threshold, expressed as:

[0219] Formula (16)

[0220] In the above formula (16), is the wave height; , , They are of selectable adjustment value.

[0221] Preferably, considering that reliability is often the most important factor in the design process of an actual pneumatic wave energy conversion device, frequent adjustment of the initial length of the spring or other elastic system between the valve flap and the valve seat of the automatic pressure relief system is not conducive to the reliability of the device as a whole, therefore, in formula (16) The recommended value of , or m=3, that is, when the device faces the most severe sea conditions for reliability challenges, the threshold of the pressure relief system is appropriately adjusted to ensure the safe operation of the entire device; in other safer conditions, the threshold of the automatic pressure relief system remains unchanged. However, if only the mathematical model of the automatic pressure relief system with adjustable threshold is considered, the value in formula (16) is not correct here. Restrictions, even It can be expressed as A continuous function of .

[0222] Optionally, if the function of the automatic pressure relief system with adjustable threshold is realized from the perspective of mathematical model, it can also be achieved by adjusting the formula (15) .

[0223] Optionally, when the formula (15) and When it is fixed, the corresponding automatic pressure relief system may be an automatic pressure relief system with a fixed threshold.

[0224] The power generation component can be a direct-drive generator, where the generator rotor is coaxially connected to the turbine rotor and has exactly the same rotational angular velocity. The main torque of the generator is provided by the turbine rotor, and the resistance torque of the generator includes air resistance, mechanical friction and electromagnetic resistance when the generator rotor is running. At the same time, the generator will apply a damping torque to the turbine rotor. . It is related to the speed of the generator rotor, that is, the speed of the turbine rotor, and is expressed as:

[0225] Formula (17)

[0226] The governing equation of the mooring system is the catenary equation or Hooke's law, which corresponds to the chain segment and elastic segment of the mooring system being in a relaxed state and in a taut state respectively. The catenary equation is expressed as:

[0227] Formula (18)

[0228] Formula (19)

[0229] In the above formula (18) and formula (19), It is a catenary unit Direction coordinates; It is a catenary unit Direction coordinates; and is the integration constant, which depends on the positions of the two end points of the catenary and the mass of the catenary; is the catenary curve parameter; and are model parameters. Among them, , and The expressions are:

[0230] Formula (20)

[0231] Formula (21)

[0232] Formula (22)

[0233] Formula (23)

[0234] In the above formula (20)-formula (23), and are the mass per unit length and the relaxation length of the catenary under the condition of no force; is the catenary stiffness; and They are the connection points between the catenary and the seabed, the connection points between the catenary and the pneumatic wave energy conversion device value; is the inclination of the catenary curve.

[0235] When the chain segment or elastic segment of the mooring system is in a relaxed state, the mooring force of the catenary on the device is expressed as:

[0236] Formula (24)

[0237] When the chain segment or elastic segment of the mooring system is in a tensioned state, the mooring force on the device is solved according to Hooke's law and expressed as:

[0238] Formula (25)

[0239] It should be noted that when the mooring system includes a buoy, the motion equation of the buoy also needs to be considered. The governing equation of the buoy motion is Newton's second law, and the forces acting on the buoy include its own gravity, fluid pressure, fluid shear force, and mooring forces on both sides.

[0240] The mathematical model boundaries include the inlet boundary, outlet boundary, bottom boundary, top boundary, side wall boundary, fluid-solid interface (between the fluid and the hull, turbine and float) and gas-liquid interface (between the water phase and the gas phase) of the overall calculation domain.

[0241] The boundary condition of the inlet boundary is set as the velocity inlet. The velocity of the water phase at the inlet boundary takes into account the wave velocity and the water flow velocity, and the velocity of the gas phase at the inlet boundary takes into account the wind speed, which is expressed as:

[0242] Formula (26)

[0243] In the above formula (26), and It is the wave edge obtained by solving the wave theory. Direction and Direction speed; is the water flow velocity; is the wind speed; The interface between water and air coordinate.

[0244] Optionally, the spatiotemporal distribution of the wave velocity at the inlet can be solved according to the micro-wave theory, or according to the high-order Stokes wave theory, irregular wave theory or other wave theories. The water flow velocity and wind speed can be considered in terms of their spatial distribution and temporal variation, i.e. , .

[0245] The boundary condition of the outlet boundary is set to pressure outlet, and the specific pressure distribution is not restricted. For example, the pressure distribution of the water phase at the outlet boundary satisfies the static pressure distribution of the water phase, and the pressure of the gas phase at the outlet boundary is 0, which is expressed as:

[0246] Formula (27)

[0247] In the above formula (27), is the density of the water phase.

[0248] The boundary condition of the bottom boundary is set to a no-slip wall. The no-slip wall means that the force and velocity values ​​of the fluid unit and the structural unit on the boundary are equal, which is expressed as:

[0249] Formula (28)

[0250] In the above formula (28), is the velocity vector of the structural unit on the boundary; is the velocity vector of the fluid unit on the boundary; The fluid force vector acting on the structural unit on the boundary; is the structural reaction force vector of the fluid unit on the boundary. It should be noted that for the bottom boundary, .

[0251] The boundary condition of the top boundary is set as a pressure outlet. The overall computational domain height is high enough that the water phase cannot splash to the top boundary, so only the gas phase passes through the top boundary. The pressure distribution at the top boundary is 0, that is, free outflow.

[0252] The boundary condition of the side wall is set as a no-slip wall, expressed as formula (28). It should be noted that for the side wall boundary, .

[0253] The boundary condition of the fluid-solid interface is set as a no-slip wall, expressed as formula (28).

[0254] The water phase and gas at the gas-liquid interface are immiscible. In the fluid control volume in the area where the gas-liquid interface is located, the water phase and gas phase share the velocity field and pressure field. The equivalent fluid density and dynamic viscosity are expressed as:

[0255] Formula (29)

[0256] In the above formula (29), is the volume fraction of water, ranging from ; and are the dynamic viscosities of the water phase and the gas phase, respectively.

[0257] The initial condition of the mathematical model refers to the time The motion of the fluid, hull, turbine rotor, and buoy of the mooring system in the computational domain. At the initial moment, the six-degree-of-freedom displacement and velocity of the hull, turbine rotor, and buoy of the pneumatic wave energy converter are all 0, and the waves, currents, and wind propagate to a certain position before the wave-facing surface of the pneumatic wave energy converter.

[0258] Optionally, to save calculation time, the initial condition may be set such that the wind, waves and currents propagate just to the front of the wave-facing side of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device.

[0259] S902, solving the mathematical model to obtain an evaluation index value of the wave energy conversion device.

[0260] The mathematical model is solved according to a preset solution algorithm to obtain the calculation results of the mathematical model, and then the calculation results are used as the actual operation results of the wave energy conversion device under the initial conditions, and the power generation capacity index value and reliability index value of the wave energy conversion device are evaluated based on them, which are used as the evaluation index values ​​of the wave energy conversion device.

[0261] It should be noted that the evaluation index value includes not only the power generation capacity index value and the reliability index value in the wave energy conversion device, but also other evaluation parameters to characterize the performance of the wave energy conversion device in multiple dimensions, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0262] In the embodiment of the present application, a mathematical model is constructed for the wave energy conversion device, and the mathematical model is a simulation equation for simulating the motion characteristics of the wave energy conversion device. Then, the mathematical model is solved to obtain the evaluation index value of the wave energy conversion device. In this method, by simulating the motion characteristics in the wave energy conversion device, the energy conversion stages of the device and the interaction between the energy conversion stages are comprehensively considered to improve the more accurate evaluation of the power generation capacity and reliability of the wave energy conversion device, and provide optimization directions for the wave energy conversion device in multiple dimensions such as conversion efficiency and reliability.

[0263] In order to simulate the motion characteristics of the wave energy conversion device in the real scene as much as possible, the simulation equations in the mathematical model are usually continuous in time and space. In this case, the overall calculation domain of the mathematical model can be divided into a finite number of grid cells, and the control equations in the mathematical model can be converted into discrete equations of the relationship between the values ​​of the functions to be calculated on the nodes of the continuous grid cells through mathematical principles, and then the conservation equations of mass, momentum and energy are solved for each grid cell.

[0264] In an exemplary embodiment, Fig.10 As shown, the mathematical model is solved and the evaluation index values ​​of the wave energy conversion device are obtained, including:

[0265] S1001, discretizing the mathematical model to obtain a numerical model; the discretization includes space discretization and time discretization.

[0266] The steps of obtaining the numerical model can be subdivided into three steps: establishing a set of high-quality grids, determining the numerical solution method, and establishing reasonable and feasible interface conditions. In the embodiment of the present application, the purpose of establishing a set of high-quality grids is to discretize the mathematical model in space; the purpose of determining the numerical solution method is to discretize the discretized mathematical model in time; and considering that the grid sizes of the two sub-areas connected by the interface near the interface remain basically consistent during the grid establishment process, it is also necessary to establish reasonable and feasible interface conditions.

[0267] First of all, establishing a high-quality grid includes six parts: determining the numerical solution area, determining the grid type, determining the grid encryption criterion, determining the grid transition criterion, controlling the grid quality and determining the number of grids.

[0268] Specifically, step a: determine the numerical solution area.

[0269] In the embodiment of the present application, the numerical solution area is determined to be The numerical wave tank. Among them, is the wavelength, is the width of the wave energy converter, It's the water depth.

[0270] Preferably, the distance from the wave-facing wall of the wave energy conversion device to the inlet boundary of the numerical wave tank is 5 .

[0271] Optionally, the size of the numerical solution region and the position of the device in the numerical solution region can be appropriately adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0272] Step b: Determine the grid type.

[0273] In the embodiment of the present application, the grid structure is determined to be a hexahedral grid, but one or more corners of the hexahedral grid are cut at the boundary position to form a polyhedral grid.

[0274] Optionally, the grid structure may also adopt a tetrahedral grid or a combination of a hexahedral grid and a tetrahedral grid. However, since the corresponding number of grids is larger when a tetrahedral grid structure is adopted, the cost of numerical solution is higher, and the solution accuracy is relatively lower, it is difficult to effectively adapt to the solution of the complex full-system coupling model of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device.

[0275] Step c: Determine the mesh refinement criteria.

[0276] In the embodiment of the present application, mesh encryption is performed including but not limited to the model boundary (including the inlet boundary, outlet boundary, bottom boundary, top boundary, side wall boundary, fluid-solid interface and gas-liquid interface of the numerical wave tank), the L-shaped flow channel area of ​​the hull part, the turbine flow channel area, the area involved in the movement of the hull part, the area involved in the movement of the floating ball of the mooring system, and the area involved in the movement of the valve flap of the automatic pressure relief system with adjustable threshold. Specifically, in order to ensure the reliability of the propagation of the wave sequence in the numerical wave tank, the height of the gas-liquid interface encryption area is 1.5 ~2.0 ,in is the wave height, and the grid size in this area satisfies , , The mesh in the turbine flow channel area needs to be more refined, especially in the area where the rotor blades and guide vanes are distributed. It should be ensured that there are at least 6 layers of mesh between the rotor blades. In particular, there is a very small gap between the top of the rotor blade and the inner wall of the turbine flow channel. The leakage effect of this gap has an important influence on the turbine characteristics. Therefore, in order to ensure a relatively accurate description of the flow characteristics of the blade tip gap, at least 2 to 3 layers of mesh should be distributed in the thickness direction of this area.

[0277] It should be noted that in order to ensure the reliability of the numerical solution results, the mesh encryption criteria for the above-mentioned gas-liquid interface encryption area, turbine flow channel area and blade tip clearance should be strictly implemented.

[0278] Step d: Determine the grid transition criterion.

[0279] Preferably, in the embodiment of the present application, the numerical solution area is distributed with grids of different sizes, and the transition layers between grids of adjacent sizes are at least 2 to 3 layers.

[0280] Step e: Control mesh quality.

[0281] In the embodiment of the present application, the mesh quality should be strictly controlled to ensure that the quality of all meshes in the numerical solution area is higher than the preset minimum mesh quality.

[0282] Optionally, the preset minimum mesh quality may be selected as 0.05.

[0283] Step f: Determine the number of grids.

[0284] In the embodiment of the present application, a set of high-quality grids is established according to the steps a to e. Further, the final number of grids is determined by grid convergence analysis.

[0285] Preferably, the grid convergence criterion is selected to be 0.5%~1.0%, that is, as the number of grids continues to increase, the changes in physical quantities such as the hull movement, air chamber pressure, impulse air turbine rotor speed, and anchor chain force obtained by the wave-to-electric full system coupling simulation method of the device do not exceed 0.5%~1.0%, and it is considered that the grid convergence requirements are met at this time.

[0286] It should be noted that, considering different hydrodynamic conditions, mesh encryption criteria, mesh transition criteria and mesh convergence criteria, the number of meshes finally determined will also vary greatly. Studies have shown that when the requirements of steps a to f are strictly met, the number of meshes established is no less than 4.5 million.

[0287] After the grid is constructed, determining the numerical solution method includes determining the numerical method and determining the solution algorithm.

[0288] In the embodiment of the present application, for the fluid control equation in the mathematical model, the corresponding discretization method is determined to be the finite volume method. Specifically, the finite volume method refers to integrating the fluid control equation in space and time within each grid control volume and a certain time interval to obtain a set of discrete equations. Based on the finite volume method, the discrete forms of formula (1) and formula (2) are expressed as:

[0289] Formula (30)

[0290] Formula (31)

[0291] In the above formula (30) and formula (31), is the control volume; is the surface that controls the volume; is the unit normal vector of the control volume surface exist Directional component; and is the source term.

[0292] When numerically solving the discrete equations of fluid motion, the SIMPLE algorithm is used to couple pressure and velocity, the second-order implicit format is used to process the time term, the Gaussian least squares method is used to process the gradient term, the second-order upwind format is used to process the convection term, the HRIC algorithm is used to capture the free liquid surface, and the full The wall treatment method is used to predict the flow and turbulence problems of the wall boundary layer. +Wall treatment is a hybrid method that uses low Wall treatment, high Wall treatment.

[0293] For the control equations of the hull, the rotor of the impulse air turbine, the valve disc of the automatic pressure relief system with adjustable threshold, and the floating ball of the mooring system, the time domain step-by-step integration method is used to obtain discrete solutions, such as the trapezoidal format with better stability and second-order accuracy, which is expressed as:

[0294] Formula (32)

[0295] Formula (33)

[0296] Formula (34)

[0297] In the above formula (32)-formula (34), is the generalized mass matrix The inverse matrix of , and They are Generalized velocity, generalized acceleration and generalized displacement vector of the hull part, the rotor of the impulse air turbine, the valve flap of the automatic pressure relief system with adjustable threshold or the float of the mooring system at any moment; is the time step.

[0298] Preferably, the time step is selected as ,in is the wave period. The size of the time step is mainly related to the grid size and the turbine rotor speed. Generally, the higher the turbine rotor speed, the smaller the selected time step. Furthermore, the final time step size is determined by time step convergence analysis.

[0299] Establishing reasonable and feasible interface conditions includes dividing the calculation area and setting the interface between the areas.

[0300] In this embodiment, the overall numerical solution area is divided into five sub-areas, namely, the background area representing the entire numerical wave tank, the overlapping area 1 including the hull part of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device and the impulse air turbine but excluding the turbine rotor area, the overlapping area 2 including the automatic pressure relief system with adjustable threshold, the overlapping area 3 including the float and the rotor area where the turbine rotor is located, wherein the background area is a static area, and the overlapping area 1, overlapping area 2, overlapping area 3 and the rotor area are all moving areas.

[0301] Optionally, if the device is not equipped with an automatic pressure relief system or the valve flap of the automatic pressure relief system with an adjustable threshold is always in a closed state, there is no need to set the overlapping area 2; if the device is installed with multiple automatic pressure relief systems, then there will be multiple independent overlapping areas 2 (which can be recorded as overlapping area 2-1, overlapping area 2-2, ...).

[0302] Optionally, if the mooring system of the device adopts a traditional anchor chain mooring method, that is, one end of the chain is connected to the anchor and fixed to the seabed, and the other end is fixed to the hull part of the device, then there is no need to set the overlapping area 3; if the mooring system of the device includes multiple buoys, then there are multiple independent overlapping areas 3 (which can be recorded as overlapping area 3-1, overlapping area 3-2, ...).

[0303] In the embodiment of the present application, the interface between the above-mentioned background area and the overlapping area 1 adopts an overlapping grid interface; the interface between the above-mentioned background area and the overlapping area 3 adopts an overlapping grid interface; the interface between the above-mentioned overlapping area 1 and the overlapping area 2 adopts an overlapping grid interface; the interface between the above-mentioned overlapping area 1 and the rotor area adopts an internal in-situ interface; there is no direct data interaction between the other sub-areas, and there is no need to set interface conditions.

[0304] It should be noted that the above-mentioned overlapping grid interface and the internal in-situ interface realize data interaction between two physically connected sub-areas. In the process of establishing the grid, it should be considered that the grid sizes of the two sub-areas connected by the above-mentioned interface near the interface remain basically consistent.

[0305] S1002, based on the numerical model, solving the time history curve of the wave energy conversion device, the time history curve including the corresponding relationship between the motion response and dynamic characteristics of the wave energy conversion device and time.

[0306] In an exemplary embodiment, Fig.10 As shown, the steps of solving the time history curve of the wave energy conversion device based on the numerical model include:

[0307] S1101, dividing the simulation time period according to a preset time step to determine a plurality of moments.

[0308] Among them, the time step The size of is mainly related to the grid size and the turbine rotor speed. Generally, the higher the turbine rotor speed, the smaller the selected time step. Furthermore, the final time step size is determined by time step convergence analysis. Usually, ,in is the wave period.

[0309] Taking the simulation time period of 3 minutes and the preset time step of 0.001 second as an example, the 0.001 second, 0.002 second, 0.003 second, ..., 180,000 moments in the preset time period are determined, for a total of 3 minutes.

[0310] S1102, obtaining the motion response value corresponding to the numerical model at each moment.

[0311] For any moment in the multiple moments, the numerical model is iteratively solved according to a preset iteration strategy until the numerical model meets the preset convergence conditions, and the motion response value at the moment is obtained.

[0312] See also Fig.12 , Fig.12 An iterative solution process of a wave energy conversion device from wave to electricity full system coupling simulation method provided in an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

[0313] S1201, obtaining information on overlapping grid interfaces and internal in-situ interfaces.

[0314] S1202, iteratively solve the fluid motion equation.

[0315] S1203, obtaining velocity field, pressure field, and density field information of the fluid region.

[0316] The fluid pressure and shear stress on the surface of the hull, impulse air turbine, automatic pressure relief system with adjustable threshold, float of mooring system and other components of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device are integrated to obtain the force and moment acting on each part of the device.

[0317] S1204, determining whether the velocity field, pressure field, and density field of the fluid region have all reached convergence conditions.

[0318] If the convergence condition is not met, the fluid motion equation is solved iteratively, and the process returns to S1002 until the convergence condition is met.

[0319] S1205, if yes, then use the trapezoidal format with second-order accuracy to solve the motion states of the hull part, the rotor of the impulse air turbine, the valve disc of the automatic pressure relief system with adjustable threshold, and the buoy of the mooring system.

[0320] S1206, updating the overlapping network.

[0321] Specifically, the positions of the overlapping region 1, the overlapping region 2, the overlapping region 3 and the rotor region are updated according to the solution results.

[0322] S1207, obtaining the motion response value of the current time step.

[0323] S1208, determining whether the calculation of all time steps is completed.

[0324] S1209: If yes, obtain the motion response value of the current time step.

[0325] If not, continue the iterative calculation of the next time step until the motion response values ​​at all times are obtained.

[0326] Furthermore, the motion response and dynamic characteristics of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device at the current moment are obtained. The motion response and dynamic characteristics include but are not limited to the hull part, the buoy of the mooring system in Cartesian coordinates - The force, acceleration, velocity and displacement in the six degrees of freedom of motion; including the force of the mooring system; including the opening and closing state of the valve disc of the automatic pressure relief system with adjustable threshold; including the local coordinate system of the impulse air turbine rotor - The stress and rotation conditions under the condition (also the rotation conditions of the direct-drive generator rotor); including the free liquid surface distribution, especially the water column elevation in the L-shaped flow channel in the local coordinate system - The spatial distribution of the fluid domain includes the pressure, velocity and density distribution of the water phase and the gas phase, especially the pressure distribution of the air chamber in the L-shaped flow channel and the flow velocity distribution in the impact air turbine flow channel.

[0327] Furthermore, the hydrodynamic input power, pneumatic power, turbine rotor mechanical power and the final output power of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device at the current moment are obtained. , Pneumatic power , Turbine rotor mechanical power And the final output power of the device It is expressed as:

[0328] Formula (35)

[0329] Formula (36)

[0330] Formula (37)

[0331] Formula (38)

[0332] In the above formula, is the single-width energy flux density under the superposition of incident waves and water currents; is the air chamber pressure at the current moment; is the volume flow rate of the air chamber at the current moment; and is the local coordinate system at the current moment - The driving torque on the lower turbine rotor and the damping torque applied by the generator to the turbine rotor; is the current time in the local coordinate system - The speed of the lower turbine rotor (and generator rotor).

[0333] Optionally, the incident wave may be a regular wave (including a micro-amplitude wave, a high-order Stokes wave), an irregular wave, etc., and the corresponding The expressions are also different.

[0334] S1103, constructing a time history curve according to each moment and the motion response value corresponding to each moment.

[0335] With each moment as the horizontal axis and the motion response value corresponding to each moment as the vertical axis, a time history curve of the wave energy conversion device in a preset time period is constructed.

[0336] S1003, obtaining evaluation index values ​​of the wave energy conversion device according to the time history curve.

[0337] According to the motion response and dynamic characteristic time history curve of the wave energy conversion device, the evaluation index values ​​of power generation capacity index value and reliability index value etc. are calculated.

[0338] Among them, the power generation capacity index value The expression is:

[0339] Formula (39)

[0340] In the above formula (39), , , and They are the average hydrodynamic performance, average turbine performance, average generator performance and average overall performance of the device, and the corresponding expressions are as follows:

[0341] Formula (40)

[0342] Formula (41)

[0343] Formula (42)

[0344] In the above formula, , , and They are the average incident wave power, the average aerodynamic power, the average rotor mechanical power and the average output power (i.e., the average generated power); It is the time when the numerical simulation reaches the dynamic equilibrium stage, and its value varies in different examples; It is the number of wave periods corresponding to the data length selected during data averaging, usually an integer between 4 and 8.

[0345] It should be noted that the average hydrodynamic performance It can also be characterized as the capture width ratio of the wave energy conversion device, and The calculated result can exceed 100%.

[0346] Among them, the reliability index value is an index parameter used to evaluate the ability of the wave energy conversion device to continue to work normally in a specific marine environment. When one or more of the parameters such as the rotation speed of the turbine rotor, the mooring force in the chain segment and / or elastic segment of the mooring system, and the pressure difference force on the wall of the liquid flow channel of the hull (i.e., the difference in pressure between the inside and outside of the wall) exceeds the rated upper limit of the corresponding parameter for a long time during the simulation period, the reliability index value of the wave energy conversion device will be seriously affected.

[0347] In the embodiment of the present application, the larger the power generation capacity index value, the higher the energy conversion efficiency of the wave energy conversion device; the larger the reliability index value, the more reliable the wave energy conversion device. In actual scenarios, the power generation capacity index value and the reliability index value of the wave energy conversion device are calculated at the same time, and the power generation capacity index value is increased as much as possible when the reliability index value meets the actual needs.

[0348] In one scenario, the reliability index value may be one of two discrete values, such as 0 or 1. In this case, a reliability index value of 0 indicates that the wave energy conversion device is unreliable, and a reliability index value of 1 indicates that the wave energy conversion device is reliable.

[0349] In the embodiment of the present application, the reliability index value can be determined according to whether the physical parameters (including but not limited to the rotational speed, mooring force and pressure difference force) exceed the rated upper limit of the corresponding parameters: if one of the physical parameters exceeds the rated upper limit of the corresponding parameter, it means that the wave energy conversion device is in an unsafe operating state, and the reliability index value is determined to be 0; if all physical parameters do not exceed the rated upper limit of the corresponding parameters, it means that the wave energy conversion device is in a safe and reliable operating state, and the reliability index value is determined to be 1.

[0350] Taking the physical parameter as the rotation speed of the power generation component, and the rated upper limit of the rotation speed is 700 rpm as an example, if the rotation speed of the power generation component in the wave energy conversion device exceeds 700 rpm during the simulation process, the reliability index value is determined to be 0; if the rotation speed of the power generation component does not exceed 700 rpm during the simulation process, the reliability index value is determined to be 1.

[0351] In one scenario, the reliability index value may be any value in the interval [0, 1], such as 0.1, 0.5, 0.9, etc. In this case, the closer the reliability index value is to 0, the less reliable the wave energy conversion device is, and the closer the reliability index value is to 1, the more reliable the wave energy conversion device is.

[0352] In the embodiment of the present application, the reliability index value can be determined according to the duration that the physical parameters (including but not limited to the rotation speed, mooring force and pressure difference force) exceed the rated upper limit of the corresponding parameters, and the duration is negatively correlated with the reliability index value, that is, the longer the duration that the physical parameters exceed the rated upper limit of the corresponding parameters, the lower the reliability index value; the shorter the duration, the higher the reliability index value. The purpose of this setting is that in the actual operation scenario, some hardware in the wave energy conversion device has a certain degree of pressure resistance, for example, the power generation component allows short-term overload operation.

[0353] Still taking the physical parameter as the rotation speed of the power generation component, and the rated upper limit of the rotation speed is 700 rpm as an example, the initial reliability index value is set to 1. On the basis that the rotation speed of the power generation component in the wave energy conversion device exceeds 700 rpm, the duration of the rotation speed exceeding 700 rpm is further monitored. , then the reliability index value It is expressed as:

[0354] Formula (43)

[0355] In the above formula (43), Representation and duration A positively correlated function whose value range is [0, 1]. The simplest example is, and In a certain range, there is a linear relationship, that is,

[0356] Formula (44)

[0357] In the above formula (44), Indicates the maximum duration that the speed of the power generation component is allowed to exceed its rated upper limit.

[0358] Furthermore, the above-mentioned process can be repeated by changing the hydrodynamic incident conditions, the generator characteristics, the threshold of the automatic pressure relief system with adjustable threshold, the mooring mode and other parameters. Figure 8-Figure 10 The steps of the evaluation method shown are used to obtain the evaluation indicators of the power generation capacity, reliability, etc. of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device under different conditions, and the changes in parameters such as the above-mentioned hydrodynamic incident conditions, generator characteristics, thresholds of the automatic pressure relief system with adjustable thresholds, and mooring systems, so as to deeply reveal the energy conversion mechanism of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device.

[0359] In the embodiment of the present application, by discretizing the mathematical model, a numerical model that is easy to calculate is obtained, and then a time curve is constructed according to the numerical model to visualize the dynamic characteristics of the wave energy conversion device, so that the evaluation index value determined based on the time curve is more in line with the actual operating state of the wave energy conversion device.

[0360] In an exemplary embodiment, a method for simulating a wave energy conversion device is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0361] S1301, establishing a mathematical model of the whole system coupling of the wave energy conversion device.

[0362] S1302, establish a numerical model of the whole system coupling of the wave energy conversion device.

[0363] S1303, based on numerical iterative solution, obtaining the motion response and dynamic characteristics of the wave energy conversion device.

[0364] S1304, constructing a time history curve of motion response and dynamic characteristics.

[0365] S1305, obtaining evaluation index values ​​of the wave energy conversion device according to the time history curve.

[0366] Optionally, the structural parameters and other detailed designs of the wave energy conversion device are optimized, and the above S1301-S1305 are repeatedly executed to obtain evaluation indicators of the wave energy conversion device under different conditions, and the energy conversion mechanism of the wave energy conversion device is revealed according to each structural parameter and the evaluation indicator value corresponding to each structural parameter, so as to provide an optimization direction for improving the power generation capacity and reliability of the wave energy conversion device.

[0367] In the embodiments of the present application, a comprehensive and complete simulation method for the coupling of the entire wave-to-electricity system of a wave energy conversion device is provided to fill the gap in the lack of reliable design optimization theory for pneumatic wave energy conversion devices.

[0368] In an exemplary embodiment, a method for evaluating a wave energy conversion device is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0369] (1) Construct a mathematical model for the wave energy conversion device.

[0370] Among them, the mathematical model is a simulation equation that simulates the motion characteristics of the wave energy conversion device.

[0371] (2) Discretize the mathematical model to obtain a numerical model.

[0372] The discretization process includes space discretization process and time discretization process.

[0373] (3) Divide the simulation time period according to the preset time step and determine multiple moments.

[0374] (4) At any moment among the multiple moments, the numerical model is iteratively solved according to a preset iteration strategy until the numerical model meets the preset convergence conditions and the motion response value at each moment is obtained.

[0375] (5) Construct a time course curve based on each moment and the motion response value corresponding to each moment.

[0376] Among them, the time history curve is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the motion response and dynamic characteristics of the wave energy conversion device and time.

[0377] (6) Obtain the evaluation index value of the wave energy conversion device based on the time history curve.

[0378] The evaluation index values ​​include the power generation capacity index value and the reliability index value of the wave energy conversion device.

[0379] In the embodiment of the present application, a mathematical model is constructed for the wave energy conversion device, and the mathematical model is a simulation equation for simulating the motion characteristics of the wave energy conversion device. Then, the mathematical model is solved to obtain the evaluation index value of the wave energy conversion device. In this method, by simulating the motion characteristics in the wave energy conversion device, the energy conversion stages of the device and the interaction between the energy conversion stages are comprehensively considered to improve the more accurate evaluation of the power generation capacity and reliability of the wave energy conversion device, and provide optimization directions for the wave energy conversion device in multiple dimensions such as conversion efficiency and reliability.

[0380] In addition, it should be emphasized that the optimization method provided in the embodiment of the present application, including steps such as constructing control equations and numerical solutions, is universal and is not only applicable to the performance prediction of the wave energy conversion device proposed in the embodiment of the present application, but also to the performance prediction of all other forms of pneumatic wave energy conversion devices. For example, a device without an automatic decompression system, a device with limited freedom of movement, and a wave energy power generation device in which a plurality of pneumatic wave energy conversion devices are fixedly connected to form a whole. In addition, it is also applicable to wave energy power generation devices with a rear curved tube type, a front curved tube type, and a central tube type hull; air turbines are radial impulse air turbines, axial flow impulse air turbines, Wells turbines and other types of wave energy power generation devices; wave energy power generation devices with a single anchor chain mooring method, anchor chain + buoy + chain; wave energy power generation devices with a fixed threshold for the pressure relief system; and wave energy power generation devices with generators having a wide range of torque-speed relationships. The only thing that needs to be noted is that the pneumatic wave energy conversion device in this simulation method uses an impulse air turbine with fixed guide vanes. However, the impulse air turbine with active / passive rotating or sliding guide vanes has been proven to have very low reliability in the actual marine environment and will be destroyed after a very short operation time, so it is not considered here.

[0381] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments are displayed in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence according to the order indicated by the arrows. Unless there is a clear explanation in this article, the execution of these steps does not have a strict order restriction, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments can include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a part of the steps or stages in other steps.

[0382] In order to further verify the performance parameters of the wave energy conversion device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the present application also conducted multiple groups of comparative experiments, and the research showed that:

[0383] (1) The maximum steady-state efficiency of the air turbine (radial-inflow impulse air turbine) proposed in the embodiment of the present application is 68%, and the maximum cycle-average efficiency is 63%, which are 35.8% and 31.5% higher than the maximum steady-state efficiency and maximum cycle-average efficiency of the axial-flow impulse air turbine with fixed guide vanes, respectively.

[0384] For detailed results, see Fig.14 , Fig.14 This is a curve comparison diagram of the turbine steady-state efficiency obtained by the simulation method of the embodiment of the present application. Fig.14 In the embodiment of the present application, S1 is the steady-state efficiency curve of the radial impulse air turbine, and S2 is the steady-state efficiency curve of the axial impulse air turbine. Fig.13 It can be seen that, under the condition of the same flow coefficient, the steady-state efficiency of the radial impulse air turbine provided by the present application is greater than the steady-state efficiency of the axial impulse air turbine.

[0385] (2) Under regular wave conditions, the average overall performance of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device using the new impulse air turbine proposed in the embodiment of the present application is up to 62%, which is 20.6% higher than the highest average overall performance of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device using an axial flow impulse air turbine with fixed guide vanes, proving the applicability and high efficiency of the new impulse air turbine proposed in the embodiment of the present application.

[0386] See also Fig.15 , Fig.15 The average power generation performance of the wave energy conversion device under regular wave conditions The average hydrodynamic performance of the wave energy conversion device under the condition of , Average turbine performance And the average overall performance Schematic diagram of the curve.

[0387] (3) Under irregular wave conditions, the average overall performance of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device using the new impulse air turbine proposed in the present invention is up to 35%, which is 19.8% higher than the highest average overall performance of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device using an axial flow impulse air turbine with fixed guide vanes, once again proving the applicability and high efficiency of the new impulse air turbine proposed in the embodiments of the present application.

[0388] (4) Under the same hydrodynamic conditions, compared with the pneumatic wave energy conversion device using a single anchor chain mooring method and a mooring method using an anchor chain + buoy + chain, the average overall performance of the wave energy conversion device using the new mooring system proposed in the embodiment of the present application (an anchor chain-buoy-elastic component-enhanced broadband mooring system suitable for pneumatic wave energy conversion devices) is improved, with the maximum improvement of 12.5% ​​and 3.2% respectively; at the same time, the high-efficiency energy capture range of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device using the new mooring system proposed in the embodiment of the present application is widened by 46.8% and 10.5% respectively compared with the high-efficiency energy capture range of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device using a single anchor chain mooring method and a mooring method using an anchor chain + buoy + chain, which proves the effectiveness of the new mooring system proposed in the embodiment of the present application in terms of broadband efficiency and improving the overall power generation capacity of the device. It should be noted that the wave frequency range corresponding to the hydrodynamic performance greater than 80% is defined as the high-efficiency energy capture range.

[0389] (5) Under the same hydrodynamic conditions (high sea conditions), the maximum mooring force of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device using the new mooring system proposed in the embodiment of the present application is lower than the maximum mooring force of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device using a single anchor chain mooring method and a mooring method using an anchor chain + buoy + chain. The maximum reductions are 212% and 156%, respectively, which proves the effectiveness of the new mooring system proposed in the embodiment of the present application in improving the reliability of the device.

[0390] (6) Under normal sea conditions (the wave height in the embodiment of the present application is 1m, corresponding to sea conditions of level 3), high sea conditions (the wave height in the embodiment of the present application is 4m, corresponding to sea conditions of levels 5-6) and extreme sea conditions (the wave height in the embodiment of the present application is 12m, corresponding to sea conditions of level 8), the maximum values ​​of the air chamber pressure and turbine rotor speed of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device equipped with the threshold adjustable automatic pressure relief system proposed by the present invention are well controlled. Moreover, compared with normal sea conditions, the incident wave energy in high sea conditions is increased by more than 20 times, and the maximum pressure difference force on the wall of the L-shaped flow channel of the hull part is only increased by 3.05 times; compared with normal sea conditions, the incident wave energy in extreme sea conditions is increased by more than 300 times, and the maximum pressure difference force on the wall of the L-shaped flow channel of the hull part is only increased by 2.1 times, which proves the reliability of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device itself and the effectiveness of the threshold adjustable automatic pressure relief system proposed by the present invention in improving the reliability of the device.

[0391] (7) Furthermore, the research results show that the natural frequencies of the six degrees of freedom of the wave energy conversion device provided in the embodiment of the present application are different, so that each degree of freedom movement generates a water column oscillation wave in the flow channel. These water column oscillation waves produce a superposition effect, thereby widening the frequency response width of the device and increasing the capture width ratio. The longitudinal oscillation motion of the device moored by the anchor chain buoy mooring system contributes the most to the capture width ratio of the device. Under different sea conditions, the contribution of the longitudinal oscillation motion to the capture width ratio accounts for 50% to 95% of the total capture width ratio.

[0392] The above experimental studies show that compared with the energy conversion device provided by the prior art, the pneumatic wave energy conversion device provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a hull part, an impact air turbine, an automatic pressure relief and load reduction system, a generator, a mooring system and other systems / equipment / components. Among them, the radial inflow impact air turbine of the pneumatic wave energy conversion device has the advantages of high reliability, high efficiency, and relatively compactness in both axial and radial directions; the automatic pressure relief system with adjustable threshold can be remotely manually controlled or automatically controlled according to the actual sea conditions, thereby improving the reliability of the device under high sea conditions; the broadband mooring system of anchor chain-float-elastic energy absorption component has the advantages of broadband efficiency and reduction of the maximum force in the mooring system.

[0393] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides an evaluation device for implementing the evaluation method involved above. The implementation scheme for solving the problem provided by the device is similar to the implementation scheme recorded in the above method, so the specific limitations in one or more evaluation device embodiments provided below can refer to the limitations on the evaluation method above, and will not be repeated here.

[0394] In an exemplary embodiment, Fig.16As shown, an evaluation device is provided, including: a construction module 1601 and a calculation module 1602, wherein:

[0395] A construction module 1601 is used to construct a mathematical model for the wave energy conversion device, where the mathematical model is a simulation equation for simulating the motion characteristics of the wave energy conversion device;

[0396] The calculation module 1602 is used to solve the mathematical model and obtain the evaluation index value of the wave energy conversion device.

[0397] In an exemplary embodiment, the operation module 1602 includes a discrete processing unit, a curve construction unit and an indicator acquisition unit, wherein:

[0398] A discrete processing unit is used to discretize the mathematical model to obtain a numerical model; the discretization processing includes space discretization processing and time discretization processing;

[0399] A curve construction unit, used for solving a time history curve of a wave energy conversion device based on a numerical model, wherein the time history curve includes a corresponding relationship between a motion response and a dynamic characteristic of the wave energy conversion device and time;

[0400] The index acquisition unit is used to acquire the evaluation index value of the wave energy conversion device according to the time history curve.

[0401] In an exemplary embodiment, the curve construction unit includes a time division subunit, a response acquisition subunit and a time course construction subunit, wherein:

[0402] A time division subunit is used to divide the simulation time period according to a preset time step and determine multiple moments;

[0403] A response acquisition subunit is used to obtain the motion response value corresponding to the numerical model at each moment;

[0404] The time history construction subunit is used to construct a time history curve according to each moment and the motion response value corresponding to each moment.

[0405] In an exemplary embodiment, the response acquisition subunit is specifically used to iteratively solve the numerical model at any moment among multiple moments according to a preset iteration strategy until the numerical model meets the preset convergence condition to obtain the motion response value at the moment.

[0406] In an exemplary embodiment, the evaluation index value includes a power generation capacity index value and a reliability index value in the wave energy conversion device.

[0407] Each module in the above evaluation device can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, or a combination thereof. Each module can be embedded in or independent of a processor in a computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in a memory in a computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each module.

[0408] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in FIG. Fig.17 As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface, a communication interface, a display unit and an input device. The processor, the memory and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface, the display unit and the input device are connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and the external device. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal in a wired or wireless manner, and the wireless manner can be realized through WIFI, a mobile cellular network, NFC (near field communication) or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, an evaluation method is realized. The display unit of the computer device is used to form a visually visible picture, which can be a display screen, a projection device or a virtual reality imaging device. The display screen can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device can be a touch layer covering the display screen, or a button, trackball or touchpad set on the computer device shell, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse.

[0409] Those skilled in the art will understand that Fig.17 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0410] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor implements the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments when executing the computer program.

[0411] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments are implemented.

[0412] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, which implements the steps in the above method embodiments when executed by a processor.

[0413] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0414] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to the memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The database involved in each embodiment provided in this application may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include distributed databases based on blockchains, etc., but are not limited to this. The processor involved in each embodiment provided in this application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, etc., but are not limited to this.

[0415] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0416] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A wave energy conversion device, characterized in that: The device comprises a fluid flow channel, an energy conversion system and a pressure relief system, wherein the fluid flow channel is connected to the pressure relief system, and the fluid flow channel is connected to the energy conversion system; The fluid flow channel is used to convert wave energy transmitted to the fluid flow channel into aerodynamic energy; The energy conversion system is used to convert the pneumatic energy obtained by the conversion of the fluid flow channel into electrical energy; the energy conversion system includes an air turbine, and the air turbine includes a flow channel wall, two groups of guide blades and rotor blades; the contour line of each guide blade includes an elliptical arc segment and a straight line segment, and the straight line segment is arranged along the radial tangent direction; the suction side of the cross section of each rotor blade is an elliptical arc segment, and the pressure side is a circular arc segment; the number of guide blades in each group is 14-24; The pressure relief system is used to control the air chamber pressure in the fluid flow channel; Wherein, the pressure relief system comprises a valve flap, a valve seat, an elastic unit, a control rod and a connecting pipe, wherein the valve flap is connected to the valve seat through the elastic unit; the valve flap is also connected to the air chamber through the connecting pipe; the control rod is fixedly connected to the valve seat, and the control rod is movably connected to the valve flap and the control assembly respectively; The control component is deployed on the surface of the connecting pipe, and is used to dynamically adjust the initial length of the elastic unit through the control rod according to the sea conditions of the wave energy conversion device, so as to control the opening threshold corresponding to the valve disc; the control rod is a telescopic rod; the control component has multiple adjustment lengths for adjusting the initial length of the elastic unit, and the valve disc has multiple opening thresholds corresponding to the valve disc.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that When the pressure of the air chamber exceeds the opening threshold, the valve flap is in an open state to perform a pressure relief and load reduction action; When the pressure of the air chamber does not exceed the opening threshold, the valve flap is in a closed state to stop performing the pressure relief and load reduction action.

3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The energy conversion system further comprises a power generation component, and the air turbine is connected to the power generation component; The air turbine is used to convert the pneumatic energy obtained by the fluid flow channel into mechanical energy; The power generation component is used to convert the mechanical energy converted by the air turbine into the electrical energy.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that The rotor speed of the air turbine is the same as the rotor speed of the power generation assembly.

5. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: One set of guide blades of the two sets of guide blades is evenly distributed at the flow channel inlet of the flow channel wall, and the other set of guide blades is evenly distributed at the flow channel outlet of the flow channel wall; The rotor blades are evenly distributed in the axial direction in a central area of ​​the flow passage of the air turbine.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The contour line of the flow channel wall between the rotor blade and the guide vane is composed of a 90° arc segment and straight line segments on both sides of the arc segment.

7. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The device comprises at least one mooring system; each mooring system is connected to the wave-facing side of the wave energy conversion device.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The buoy of the mooring system is connected to the wave-facing side of the wave energy conversion device through at least one elastic component.

9. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The fluid flow channel includes a horizontal flow channel and a vertical flow channel that are interconnected. The vertical flow channel is arranged close to the wave-facing side of the wave energy conversion device, and the mouth of the horizontal flow channel is arranged close to the wave-receiving side of the wave energy conversion device. The cross-sectional area of ​​the horizontal flow channel is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the vertical flow channel. The horizontal flow channel and the vertical flow channel are connected by a streamlined flow channel.

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The fluid flow channel further comprises a plurality of partitions; each of the partitions is vertically fixed to the flow channel walls of the horizontal flow channel and the vertical flow channel.

11. A wave energy conversion device evaluation method, characterized in that: The method comprises: A mathematical model is constructed for the wave energy conversion device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the mathematical model is a simulation equation for simulating the motion characteristics of the wave energy conversion device; The mathematical model is solved to obtain an evaluation index value of the wave energy conversion device.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The solving operation of the mathematical model to obtain the evaluation index value of the wave energy conversion device includes: Discretizing the mathematical model to obtain a numerical model; the discretization includes spatial discretization and temporal discretization; Based on the numerical model, solving the time history curve of the wave energy conversion device, wherein the time history curve includes the corresponding relationship between the motion response and dynamic characteristics of the wave energy conversion device and time; According to the time history curve, an evaluation index value of the wave energy conversion device is obtained.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The step of solving the time history curve of the wave energy conversion device based on the numerical model comprises: Divide the simulation time period according to the preset time step to determine multiple moments; Obtaining the motion response value corresponding to the numerical model at each of the moments; The time course curve is constructed according to each of the moments and the motion response values ​​corresponding to each of the moments.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The obtaining of the motion response value corresponding to each of the moments of the numerical model comprises: For any moment among the multiple moments, the numerical model is iteratively solved according to a preset iteration strategy until the numerical model meets a preset convergence condition, thereby obtaining a motion response value at the moment.

15. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that: The evaluation index values ​​include a power generation capacity index value and a reliability index value in the wave energy conversion device.

16. A wave energy conversion device evaluation device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A construction module, for constructing a mathematical model for the wave energy conversion device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the mathematical model is a simulation equation for simulating the motion characteristics of the wave energy conversion device; The calculation module is used to solve the mathematical model to obtain the evaluation index value of the wave energy conversion device.

17. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 11 to 15 are implemented.

18. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 11 to 15 are implemented.

19. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 11 to 15 are implemented.

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