An advanced geological prediction system and method applied to tunnel construction

Abstract

The present invention provides an advanced geological prediction system and method applied to tunnel construction. The advanced geological prediction system includes a vibrator, a detection device, and a data processing terminal; the detection device includes an inner rod and an outer cylinder body with an annular airbag arranged outside. A disc frame is fixedly installed on the inner side of one end of the outer cylinder body, and a triaxial acceleration sensor is fixedly installed at the end of the disc frame. An inner disc is installed on the side of the disc frame away from the triaxial acceleration sensor in the outer cylinder body. The operating end of the inner rod is provided with two sections of threads, and threaded holes matching the inner rod are opened on both the disc frame and the inner disc. By improving the structure of the detection device, the outer cylinder body is fixed by relying on the annular airbag, and a sealed area is formed on one side of the outer cylinder body. After adjusting the position of the triaxial acceleration sensor by using the inner rod, a liquid medium is injected into the sealed area, and the liquid medium can well contact the inner wall of the preset hole and the triaxial acceleration sensor, ensuring the stable transmission of mechanical waves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, and in particular to an advanced geological prediction system and method applied to tunnel construction. Background Art

[0002] The advanced geological prediction system for tunnel construction is used in the tunnel excavation process to predict the position, occurrence, integrity of the surrounding rock structure and the possibility of water content of the unfavorable geological bodies in front of the tunnel face, so as to provide a basis for correctly selecting the excavation section, support design parameters and optimizing the construction plan, and to provide timely information for preventing potential disaster accidents such as tunnel water inrush, mud outburst and gas outburst, ensuring the normal construction of the tunnel.

[0003] The existing advanced geological prediction system for tunnel construction includes: a seismic wave generator, a detection component (triaxial accelerometer), a multi-channel data acquisition instrument, a data processing module, etc. A seismic wave generator is designed in front of the tunnel face, and multiple detection components are arranged at a distance of 5 - 20M from the tunnel face. Since the propagation speed and attenuation of seismic waves are different in different rock and soil layers, the software part of the data processing module can analyze the geological layer information. When the above geological prediction system is specifically used, the outer cylinder is first installed in a preset hole, and the detection component is generally installed inside the outer cylinder, and the outer cylinder is used to protect the detection component; the detection component includes a triaxial accelerometer and an inner cylinder. The triaxial accelerometer is connected to the inner cylinder and sent into the outer cylinder, and then special grease is filled between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder for sealing to ensure that the triaxial accelerometer can receive seismic wave signals better. This structure needs to ensure three problems during installation: the fixation of the outer cylinder, the feeding of the triaxial accelerometer, and the sealing. Its installation and use are troublesome, and in the actual use process, due to the unreasonable structural design of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, there are problems of inconvenient use and time-consuming installation operation. Therefore, the present invention provides an advanced geological prediction system and method applied to tunnel construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an advanced geological prediction system and method applied to tunnel construction, which solves the problems of troublesome and time-consuming installation and inconvenient use of the existing advanced geological prediction system for tunnel construction.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an advanced geological prediction system applied to tunnel construction, and the prediction system includes an exciter, a detection device and a data processing terminal;

[0006] The exciter is used to generate a seismic source; the geophone device is installed in a preset hole for receiving seismic waves. There are multiple geophone devices, which are respectively signal-connected to a multi-channel data acquisition instrument, and the data processing terminal is communicatively connected to both the exciter and the multi-channel data acquisition instrument; the multi-channel data acquisition instrument acquires the seismic wave signals received by the geophone device and transmits them to the data processing terminal;

[0007] The geophone device includes an outer cylinder, a second pipe, a triaxial acceleration sensor, and an inner rod; the triaxial acceleration sensor is installed at one end of the outer cylinder, an annular airbag is arranged on the outer side of the outer cylinder, a disk frame is fixedly installed at one end of the inner side of the outer cylinder adjacent to the triaxial acceleration sensor, the triaxial acceleration sensor is fixed on the disk frame, an inner disk is installed on the side of the disk frame away from the triaxial acceleration sensor, the inner disk divides the outer cylinder into two cavities, a guiding hole is formed in the flange part of the disk frame on the side adjacent to the inner disk, and an end of the inner disk is fixedly connected with a guiding rod, and the guiding rod is slidably arranged inside the guiding hole; an internal thread opening is formed at one end of the disk frame facing the inner disk;

[0008] A quick connector is installed at the first end of the second pipe, and the second end of the second pipe extends into the outer cylinder, passes through the inner disk and extends into the cavity on the side of the inner disk adjacent to the triaxial acceleration sensor to communicate, and the second pipe is fixedly connected with the inner disk;

[0009] One end of the inner rod located inside the outer cylinder is a control end, and the control end of the inner rod is provided with a first thread part and a second thread part, and the distance between the first thread part and the second thread part is 10 - 20 cm; the first thread part is in threaded cooperation with the central hole and the internal thread opening of the inner disk, and the second thread part is in threaded cooperation with the central hole of the inner disk.

[0010] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: The geophone device further includes a disk cover arranged at the port of one end of the outer cylinder where the triaxial acceleration sensor is installed, an internal thread section is arranged at a position close to the end on the inner side of the outer cylinder, and the disk cover is threadedly connected with the internal thread section on the inner side of the outer cylinder;

[0011] The disk cover is an annular body, the outer side of the annular body has an external thread part, both ends of the central hole of the annular body are respectively provided with a cover head ring part and a second guiding ring, and the cover head ring part is close to the port of the outer cylinder, and a disposable cover body is fixedly clamped on the outer side of the cover head ring part; the triaxial acceleration sensor is located inside the central hole of the annular body.

[0012] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: A first region is formed between the disk cover and the inner disk on the inner side of the outer cylinder, the second end of the second pipe communicates with the first region, and a plurality of end holes distributed in a ring shape are formed at the end of the disk cover.

[0013] Preferred technical solution of the present invention: The inner rod includes a first rod body, a second rod body and a polygonal rod body. The first rod body and the polygonal rod body are fixedly connected to both ends of the second rod body. The diameter of the first rod body is greater than that of the second rod body. The first thread portion and the second thread portion are both provided on the first rod body.

[0014] Preferred technical solution of the present invention: A sliding sleeve is slidably installed on the polygonal rod body. The outer side of the sliding sleeve is a cylindrical surface. A guide frame is installed at one end of the outer cylinder away from the triaxial acceleration sensor. The guide frame is located inside the outer cylinder, and the central hole of the guide frame is coaxial with the central hole of the outer cylinder. The sliding sleeve is rotatably installed inside the guide frame.

[0015] Preferred technical solution of the present invention: A first guide ring is fixedly connected to one end of the inner disc away from the disc cover.

[0016] Preferred technical solution of the present invention: The geological prediction system further includes a liquid injection device. The liquid injection device has a first output pipeline and a second output pipeline. A first pipeline is connected to the side of the annular airbag. The first output pipeline is connected to the first pipeline, and the second output pipeline is connected to the second pipeline.

[0017] Preferred technical solution of the present invention: The end of the triaxial acceleration sensor is fixedly connected to the end of the disc rack through a soldering portion.

[0018] Preferred technical solution of the present invention: The outer cylinder includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder. The first cylinder is threadedly connected to the second cylinder. The triaxial acceleration sensor is installed at one end of the first cylinder away from the second cylinder. The disc rack and the inner disc are both installed inside the first cylinder.

[0019] The present invention also provides a usage method of an advanced geological prediction system applied to tunnel construction, which is characterized in that the above-mentioned advanced geological prediction system applied to tunnel construction is used, including the following steps:

[0020] S1. Install the detection device into a preset hole. Specifically, insert the end of the outer cylinder with the triaxial acceleration sensor into the preset hole, make the end of the outer cylinder close to the inner end of the preset hole, and then fill the annular airbag with a first medium to make the annular airbag expand. The outer side of the annular airbag tightly presses against the inner wall of the preset hole to fix the outer cylinder to the inner wall of the preset hole.

[0021] S2. Insert the operating end of the inner rod into the interior of the outer cylinder. The first threaded portion of the inner rod is first threadedly engaged with the central hole of the inner disk. Continue to rotate the inner rod, and the first threaded portion moves forward, so that the smooth rod portion between the first threaded portion and the second threaded portion corresponds to the central hole of the inner disk. Then continue to rotate the inner rod, and the first threaded portion of the inner rod is threadedly connected to the internal threaded port. At this time, the disk frame is axially moved by the inner rod, so that the triaxial acceleration sensor extends out of the outer cylinder, and the disk frame is separated from the guide rod. When the second threaded portion is threadedly engaged with the central hole of the inner disk, the angle of the triaxial acceleration sensor is adjusted by rotating the inner rod. At this time, a sealed area is formed on the left side of the annular airbag inside the preset hole;

[0022] S3. Fill the sealed area with the second medium through the second pipeline, so that the second medium is in full contact with both the triaxial acceleration sensor and the inner wall of the preset hole, and rely on the second medium to achieve seismic wave transmission between the inner wall of the preset hole and the triaxial acceleration sensor;

[0023] S4. The detection device is installed, and at the same time, a supporting exciter is installed. The exciter generates a seismic source. Rely on the triaxial acceleration sensor of the detection device to receive the seismic wave, and transmit the seismic wave signal to the multi-channel data acquisition instrument. The multi-channel data acquisition instrument obtains the seismic wave signal received by the detection device and conveys it to an external data processing terminal.

[0024] The present invention provides a lead geological prediction system and method applied to tunnel construction. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) By improving the structure of the detection device, the present invention relies on the annular airbag to fix the outer cylinder, and forms a sealed area on one side of the outer cylinder. After adjusting the position of the triaxial acceleration sensor with the inner rod, a liquid medium is injected into the sealed area. The liquid medium can be in good contact with the inner wall of the preset hole and the triaxial acceleration sensor, ensuring the stable transmission of mechanical waves. When installing and using, only need to place the overall structure in the detection hole, then the operation can be carried out. The installation is simple and convenient, reducing the detection time and lowering the construction cost.

[0026] (2) The present invention relies on the axial movement of the inner rod to adjust the positions of the disk frame and the triaxial acceleration sensor, and then the second threaded portion is threadedly engaged with the central hole of the inner disk to fix the inner rod, and adjust the angle of the disk frame and the triaxial acceleration sensor and then fix the position of the triaxial acceleration sensor. The structure is reasonably designed and convenient to adjust; it can control the triaxial acceleration sensor to extend out of the cylinder for detection after installation, and can retract the cylinder to protect it after detection.

[0027] (3) The present invention designs a disc cover, and its most direct purpose is to protect the three-axis acceleration sensor. When the outer cylinder is inserted into the preset hole, it can prevent foreign objects from entering the outer cylinder, and can guide the three-axis acceleration sensor when the three-axis acceleration sensor extends forward out of the outer cylinder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the detection device in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a cross-sectional view taken along the E-E direction in

[0031] Figure 4 is Figure 2 a cross-sectional view taken along the B-B direction in

[0032] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the inner rod in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 is Figure 4 a partial enlarged view at C in

[0034] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the disc rack and the three-axis acceleration sensor in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the disc cover in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the disc cover in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 is Figure 4 a partial enlarged view at D in

[0038] Among them, 1 is a data processing terminal; 2 is a vibrator; 3 is a multi-channel data acquisition instrument; 4 is a detection device; 401 is a first cylinder; 402 is a second cylinder; 403 is an annular airbag; 404 is a second pipeline; 405 is an inner disc; 406 is a first pipeline; 407 is a first guide ring; 408 is a guide rod; 409 is an inner rod; 4091 is a first rod body; 4092 is a first thread portion; 4093 is a second thread portion; 4094 is a second rod body; 4095 is a polygonal rod body; 4096 is a sliding sleeve; 4010 is a guide frame; 4011 is a disc frame; 4011a is an internal thread port; 4012 is a triaxial acceleration sensor; 4013 is a disc cover; 40131 is an external thread portion; 40132 is an end hole; 40133 is a cover head ring portion; 40134 is a second guide ring; 40135 is a disposable cover body; 4014 is a guide hole; 4015 is a soldering portion; 5 is a preset hole; 6 is a liquid injection device; 601 is a first output pipeline; 602 is a second output pipeline; a is a first area. Detailed implementation manner

[0039] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] As Figures 1 - 10 shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides an advanced geological prediction system applied to tunnel construction, including a vibrator 2, a detection device 4, and a data processing terminal 1. The vibrator 2 can adopt an eccentric shaft cylinder type vibrator with a mechanical structure, which relies on electric power to drive the vibrator to work, has the advantages of controllable and adjustable frequency and little influence on the surroundings. The vibrator 2 generates a seismic source (similar to seismic waves), installs the detection device 4 in a preset hole 5 (a preset hole opened near the side of the heading face, 5 - 20M), relies on the detection device 4 to receive seismic waves, a plurality of detection devices 4 are provided, and the multi-channel data acquisition instrument 3 acquires the seismic wave signals received by the detection device 4. The data processing terminal 1 is communicatively connected to both the vibrator 2 and the multi-channel data acquisition instrument 3.

[0041] The data processing terminal 1 can adopt the TSP win software equipped with the TSP203 advanced geological prediction system, which can simultaneously complete data measurement, data analysis, and result processing. The data analysis process is divided into 11 steps: data setting → band-pass filtering → first arrival wave picking → picked wave processing → blasting wave energy equalization → Q estimation → reflection P wave - S wave separation → velocity analysis → depth migration → reflection layer extraction, so as to analyze the geological layer information.

[0042] The detection device 4 in the embodiment, asFigures 1 to 4 As shown in the figure, it includes an outer cylinder with both ends open, a disc rack 4011, a second pipeline 404, an inner rod 409, and a triaxial acceleration sensor 4012 (piezoelectric type); the outer cylinder includes a first cylinder 401 and a second cylinder 402, and the first cylinder 401 is threadedly connected to the second cylinder 402. When actually used, the length of the outer cylinder is selected according to the depth of the preset hole 5. When the length of the preset hole 5 is greater than 1.2M, a multi-section cylinder structure can be selected, and the adjacent cylinders are threadedly connected. An annular airbag 403 is arranged on the outer side of the outer cylinder, and the annular airbag 403 is installed at the front end of the second cylinder 402. A first pipeline 406 for inflation / deflation is provided on the annular airbag 403. After inserting the outer cylinder into the preset hole 5, gas (or liquid, fluid medium) is filled into the annular airbag 403 to make the annular airbag 403 expand outwards, so as to stably fix the outer cylinder and form a sealed area on one side of the outer cylinder.

[0043] In the embodiment, as Figure 4 shown in the figure, the triaxial acceleration sensor 4012 is installed at the end of the second cylinder 402. An inner disc 405 and a disc rack 4011 are installed inside the outer cylinder. The disc rack 4011 is fixed at one end of the second cylinder 402 adjacent to the triaxial acceleration sensor 4012, and the inner disc 405 is installed at one end of the disc rack 4011 away from the triaxial acceleration sensor 4012. An internal thread port 4011a is provided at one end of the disc rack 4011 away from the triaxial acceleration sensor 4012. A guide hole 4014 is provided in the outer flange part of the disc rack 4011. One end of the inner disc 405 is fixedly connected with a guide rod 408, and the guide rod 408 is slidably arranged inside the guide hole 4014. Under the limiting action of the guide rod 408, the disc rack 4011 cannot rotate at a large angle, as shown in the appendix Figure 7As shown in the figure, the guiding hole 4014 is an arc-shaped long hole, allowing the guiding rod 408 to rotate a certain angle inside the guiding hole 4014. A quick connector is installed at the first end of the second pipeline 404, which can achieve the quick connection or disassembly of the pipeline. The second pipeline 404 extends from the end of the first outer cylinder 401 into the second outer cylinder 402, passes through the inner disc 405 and extends to the side adjacent to the triaxial acceleration sensor 4012 at the left end of the inner disc. And the second pipeline 404 is fixedly connected to the inner disc 405 at the second end. The liquid medium in the second pipeline 404 can be filled into the left side of the inner disc 405. The triaxial acceleration sensor 4012 is fixedly connected to the side of the disc frame 4011 away from the inner disc 405. The inner rod 409 is inserted into the interior of the outer cylinder from the end of the first cylinder 401. The end of the inner rod 409 located inside the outer cylinder is the operating end. A first threaded portion 4092 and a second threaded portion 4093 are provided at the operating end of the inner rod 409. The distance between the first threaded portion 4092 and the second threaded portion 4093 is 10 - 20 cm. The first threaded portion 4092 is in threaded fit with the central hole and the internal threaded port 4011a of the inner disc 405, and the second threaded portion 4093 is in threaded fit with the central hole of the inner disc 405.

[0044] When in use, after inserting the outer cylinder into the preset hole 5, gas is filled into the annular airbag 403 to make the annular airbag 403 expand outwards, achieving stable fixation of the outer cylinder. Then, one end of the inner rod 409 (the operating end of the inner rod 409) is inserted into the interior of the outer cylinder. The inner rod 409 passes through the central hole of the inner disc 405 and is in threaded fit with the inner disc 405 through the first threaded portion 4092, and is in threaded connection with the internal threaded port 4011a of the disc frame 4011 through the second threaded portion 4093. After the inner rod 409 is installed, the inner rod 409 is rotated to control the rotation of the disc frame 4011. Since the inner rod 409 is in threaded fit with the inner disc 405, and the inner disc 405 is fixed inside the outer cylinder, when the inner rod 409 is rotated, the disc frame 4011 can be driven to move forward along the guiding rod on the inner disc 405, thereby driving the triaxial acceleration sensor 4012 to extend out of the outer cylinder. At the same time, the small-angle rotation of the disc frame 4011 can also be controlled to adjust the angle of the triaxial acceleration sensor 4012, facilitating detection.

[0045] The specific control process is as follows: The first threaded portion 4092 of the inner rod 409 is first threadedly engaged with the central hole of the inner disc 405. Continuing to rotate the inner rod 409, the first threaded portion 4092 moves forward, so that the smooth rod portion between the first threaded portion 4092 and the second threaded portion 4093 corresponds to the central hole of the inner disc 405. At this time, continuing to rotate the inner rod 409, the first threaded portion 4092 of the inner rod 409 is threadedly connected to the internal thread port 4011a. At this time, the inner rod 409 can be used to push the disc holder 4011 to axially move, so that the three-axis acceleration sensor 4012 fixedly connected to the disc holder 4011 extends out of the outer cylinder. At this time, the disc holder 4011 is also separated from the guide rod 408, and the guide rod 408 cannot restrict the rotation of the disc holder 4011. When the second threaded portion 4093 is threadedly engaged with the central hole of the inner disc 405, the disc holder 4011 and the three-axis acceleration sensor 4012 rotate following the rotation of the inner rod 409.

[0046] After the position adjustment of the three-axis acceleration sensor 4012 is completed, a liquid medium is injected into the sealed area through the second pipeline 404. The liquid medium is high-density butter or other fluids that are easy to fill and transmit seismic waves.

[0047] In one embodiment, a disc cover 4013 is provided at one end of the outer cylinder where the three-axis acceleration sensor 4012 is installed. An internal thread section is provided on the inner side of the outer cylinder and near the end position. The disc cover 4013 is threadedly connected to the internal thread section on the inner side of the outer cylinder. Relying on the disc cover 4013, the port of the outer cylinder can be basically blocked to prevent sundries from entering the interior of the outer cylinder. As Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown, the disc cover 4013 is an annular body. The outer side of the annular body has an external thread portion 40131, and the external thread portion 40131 is threadedly engaged with the internal thread section. At both ends of the central hole of the annular body, a cover head ring portion 40133 and a second guide ring 40134 are respectively provided, and the cover head ring portion 40133 is close to the port of the outer cylinder. A disposable cover body 40135 is fixedly clamped on the outer side of the cover head ring portion 40133. The disposable cover body 40135 will fall off when the three-axis acceleration sensor 4012 ejects out of the central hole of the annular body. When retrieving the outer cylinder, the disposable cover body 40135 is not taken out for secondary use.

[0048] The three-axis acceleration sensor 4012 is located inside the central hole of the annular body, and the three-axis acceleration sensor 4012 is stabilized by relying on the central hole of the annular body.

[0049] In one embodiment, a first region a is formed inside the outer cylinder and between the disc cover 4013 and the inner disc 405. The triaxial acceleration sensor 4012 and the disc rack 4011 are both located in the first region a. This can prevent some debris in the preset hole 5 from damaging the triaxial acceleration sensor 4012 when the outer cylinder is inserted into the preset hole 5. Moreover, the disposable cover 40135 restricts the head end of the triaxial acceleration sensor 4012, so that the disc rack 4011 fixedly connected to the triaxial acceleration sensor 4012 will not break away from the restriction of the guide rod 408. The second end of the second pipe 404 communicates with the first region a, and a plurality of end holes 40132 distributed in a ring shape are formed at the end of the disc cover 4013, so that the first region a communicates with the sealed region.

[0050] In one embodiment, as Figure 5 shown, the inner rod 409 includes a first rod body 4091, a second rod body 4094, a polygonal rod body 4095, and a sliding sleeve 4096. Among them, the first rod body 4091 and the polygonal rod body 4095 are fixedly connected to both ends of the second rod body 4094. The first rod body 4091, the second rod body 4094, and the polygonal rod body 4095 are on the same straight line. The diameter of the first rod body 4091 is greater than the diameter of the second rod body 4094. The first thread portion 4092 and the second thread portion 4093 are both provided on the first rod body 4091. The sliding sleeve 4096 is slidably installed on the polygonal rod body 4095, and the outer side of the sliding sleeve 4096 is a cylindrical surface.

[0051] In the embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, a guide frame 4010 is installed at the port of the outer cylinder away from the triaxial acceleration sensor 4012. The guide frame 4010 is located inside the outer cylinder, and the central hole of the guide frame 4010 is coaxial with the central hole of the outer cylinder. The sliding sleeve 4096 is rotatably installed inside the guide frame 4010. Relying on the guide frame 4010 and the sliding sleeve 4096 can ensure that the polygonal rod body 4095 is always on the axis of the central hole of the outer cylinder. Moreover, relying on the support of the guide frame 4010 and the sliding sleeve 4096, it is convenient to use power tools to rotate the polygonal rod body 4095.

[0052] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, a first guide ring 407 is fixedly connected to one end of the inner disc 405 away from the disc cover 4013. The inner side of the first guide ring 407 is a tapered hole to facilitate the insertion of the end of the inner rod 409 into the inner side of the first guide ring 407.

[0053] In one embodiment, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, it further includes a liquid injection device 6 for pumping out the medium and pumping a liquid medium with a certain pressure into the first pipeline 406 and the second pipeline 404. The liquid injection device 6 includes a container for storing the liquid medium, a pump body and a pipeline system. The liquid injection device 6 has a first output pipeline 601 and a second output pipeline 602. The first output pipeline 601 and the second output pipeline 602 can pump out two kinds of media (two groups of containers, pump bodies and pipeline systems for storing the liquid medium need to be set), or can pump out one kind of liquid medium. The side of the annular airbag 403 is connected to the first pipeline 406. The first output pipeline 601 is connected to the first pipeline 406, and the second output pipeline 602 is connected to the second pipeline 404. The first output pipeline 601 pumps out the liquid medium and sends it into the annular airbag 403 through the first pipeline 406; the liquid medium pumped out by the second output pipeline 602 is transported to the sealing area through the second pipeline 404.

[0054] In an embodiment, the end of the triaxial acceleration sensor 4012 is fixedly connected to the end of the disc rack 4011 through a soldering part 4015, and this connection method is stable and reliable.

[0055] Embodiment 2 provides a usage method of an advanced geological prediction system applied to tunnel construction. Using the advanced geological prediction system applied to tunnel construction in Embodiment 1, it includes the following steps:

[0056] S1. Install the detection device into the preset hole 5. Specifically, insert the end of the outer cylinder body provided with the triaxial acceleration sensor 4012 into the preset hole 5, make the end of the outer cylinder body close to the inner end of the preset hole 5, and then fill the inside of the annular airbag 403 with the first medium to make the annular airbag 403 expand. The outer side of the annular airbag 403 tightly presses the inner wall of the preset hole 5 to fix the outer cylinder body to the inner wall of the preset hole;

[0057] S2. Insert the control end of the inner rod 409 into the interior of the outer cylinder. First, the first threaded portion 4092 of the inner rod 409 is threadedly engaged with the central hole of the inner disc 405. Continue to rotate the inner rod 409, and the first threaded portion 4092 moves forward, so that the smooth rod portion between the first threaded portion 4092 and the second threaded portion 4093 corresponds to the central hole of the inner disc 405. Then continue to rotate the inner rod 409, and the first threaded portion 4092 of the inner rod is threadedly connected to the internal threaded port. At this time, the disc holder 4011 is axially moved by the inner rod 409, so that the three-axis acceleration sensor 4012 extends out of the outer cylinder, and the disc holder 4011 is separated from the guide rod 408. When the second threaded portion 4093 is threadedly engaged with the central hole of the inner disc 405, the angle of the three-axis acceleration sensor 4012 is adjusted by rotating the inner rod 409. At this time, a sealed area is formed inside the preset hole and on the left side of the annular airbag 403. S3. Fill the sealed area with the second medium through the second pipeline 406, so that the second medium is in full contact with both the three-axis acceleration sensor 4012 and the inner wall of the preset hole 5, and rely on the second medium to achieve the seismic wave transmission between the inner wall of the preset hole and the three-axis acceleration sensor 4012; rely on the filled second medium (which can be high-density butter) to enable the three-axis acceleration sensor 4012 to better receive the vibration waves transmitted from the inner wall of the preset hole 5.

[0058] S4. The geophone device is installed, and at the same time, the supporting vibrator 2 is installed. The vibrator 2 generates a seismic source. Rely on the three-axis acceleration sensor of the geophone device 4 to receive the seismic waves, and transmit the seismic wave signals to the multi-channel data acquisition instrument 3. The multi-channel data acquisition instrument 3 obtains the seismic wave signals received by the geophone device and sends them to the external data processing terminal 1.

[0059] Specifically, multiple geophone devices 4 can be set. The installation method of each geophone device 4 is the same. The multi-channel data acquisition instrument 3 simultaneously obtains the seismic wave signals received by multiple geophone devices 4. The processing system of the data processing terminal 1 is an existing processing system for advanced prediction, and the TSP win software equipped with the TSP203 advanced geological prediction system can be used. It can simultaneously complete data measurement, data analysis, and result processing. The data analysis process is divided into 11 steps: data setting → band-pass filtering → first arrival wave picking → picked wave processing → blasting wave energy equalization → Q estimation → reflection P wave - S wave separation → velocity analysis → depth migration → reflection layer extraction, so as to analyze the geological layer information.

[0060] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An advanced geological prediction system for tunnel construction, characterized in that: The forecasting system comprises an exciter (2), a detector (4) and a data processing terminal (1); The exciter (2) is used to generate a seismic source; the detector device (4) is installed in a preset hole (5) and is used to receive seismic waves; a plurality of detector devices (4) are provided, each of which is signal-connected to a multi-channel data acquisition instrument (3); the data processing terminal (1) is communicatively connected to the exciter (2) and the multi-channel data acquisition instrument (3); the multi-channel data acquisition instrument (3) acquires the seismic wave signal received by the detector device (4) and transmits it to the data processing terminal (1); The detection device (4) comprises an outer cylinder, a second pipe (404), a three-axis acceleration sensor (4012) and an inner rod (409); the three-axis acceleration sensor (4012) is installed at one end of the outer cylinder, an annular airbag (403) is arranged on the outer side of the outer cylinder, a disc rack (4011) is fixedly installed on one end of the inner side of the outer cylinder adjacent to the three-axis acceleration sensor (4012), the three-axis acceleration sensor (4012) is fixed on the disc rack (4011), and a disc rack (4011) is installed at a position far from the disc rack (4011). An inner disk (405) is installed on one side away from the triaxial acceleration sensor (4012), and the inner disk (405) divides the outer cylinder into two cavities. A guide hole (4014) is provided on the flange portion of the disk rack (4011) adjacent to the inner disk (405). A guide rod (408) is fixedly connected to the end of the inner disk (405), and the guide rod (408) is slidably arranged inside the guide hole (4014). An internal threaded opening (4011a) is provided on one end of the disk rack (4011) facing the inner disk (405). A quick connector is installed at the first end of the second pipe (404), and the second end of the second pipe (404) extends into the outer cylinder and passes through the inner disk (405) to be connected to the cavity of the inner disk adjacent to the triaxial acceleration sensor (4012), and the second pipe (404) is fixedly connected to the inner disk (405); The end of the inner rod (409) located inside the outer cylinder is the operating end, and the operating end of the inner rod (409) is provided with a first threaded portion (4092) and a second threaded portion (4093), and the distance between the first threaded portion (4092) and the second threaded portion (4093) is 10-20CM; the first threaded portion (4092) is threadedly matched with the center hole and the internal threaded opening (4011a) of the inner disk (405), and the second threaded portion (4093) is threadedly matched with the center hole of the inner disk (405).

2. The advanced geological prediction system for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wave detection device (4) further comprises a disk cover (4013) arranged at one end of the outer cylinder body for mounting a triaxial acceleration sensor (4012), an internal thread section being arranged on the inner side of the outer cylinder body and close to the end, and the disk cover (4013) being threadedly connected to the internal thread section on the inner side of the outer cylinder body; The disc cover (4013) is an annular body, the outer side of the annular body has an external threaded portion (40131), and the two ends of the center hole of the annular body are respectively provided with a cover ring portion (40133) and a second guide ring (40134), and the cover ring portion (40133) is close to the port of the outer cylinder body, and the outer side of the cover ring portion (40133) is fixedly provided with a disposable cover body (40135); the three-axis acceleration sensor (4012) is located on the inner side of the center hole of the annular body.

3. The advanced geological prediction system for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first area (a) is formed on the inner side of the outer cylinder and between the disk cover (4013) and the inner disk (405), the second end of the second pipe (404) is connected to the first area (a), and a plurality of end holes (40132) distributed in a ring shape are provided at the end of the disk cover (4013).

4. The advanced geological prediction system for tunnel construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inner rod (409) comprises a first rod body (4091), a second rod body (4094) and a polygonal rod body (4095); the first rod body (4091) and the polygonal rod body (4095) are fixedly connected to two ends of the second rod body (4094); the diameter of the first rod body (4091) is greater than the diameter of the second rod body (4094); the first threaded portion (4092) and the second threaded portion (4093) are both arranged on the first rod body (4091).

5. The advanced geological prediction system for tunnel construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sliding sleeve (4096) is slidably mounted on the polygonal rod body (4095), and the outer side of the sliding sleeve (4096) is a cylindrical surface; a guide frame (4010) is mounted on the end of the outer cylinder away from the triaxial acceleration sensor (4012), and the guide frame (4010) is located on the inner side of the outer cylinder, and the center hole of the guide frame (4010) is coaxial with the center hole of the outer cylinder, and the sliding sleeve (4096) is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the guide frame (4010).

6. The advanced geological prediction system for tunnel construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: One end of the inner disk (405) away from the disk cover (4013) is fixedly connected to a first guide ring (407).

7. The advanced geological prediction system for tunnel construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The geological prediction system further comprises a liquid injection device (6); the liquid injection device (6) comprises a first output pipeline (601) and a second output pipeline (602); A first pipe (406) is connected to the side of the annular airbag (403); The first output pipeline (601) is connected to the first pipeline (406), and the second output pipeline (602) is connected to the second pipeline (404).

8. The advanced geological prediction system for tunnel construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The end of the three-axis acceleration sensor (4012) is fixedly connected to the end of the disc rack (4011) via a soldering portion (4015).

9. The advanced geological prediction system for tunnel construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The outer cylinder comprises: a first cylinder (401) and a second cylinder (402), wherein the first cylinder (401) is threadedly connected to the second cylinder (402); the three-axis acceleration sensor (4012) is installed at an end of the first cylinder (401) away from the second cylinder (402), and the disk rack (4011) and the inner disk (405) are both installed in the first cylinder (401).

10. A method for using an advanced geological prediction system for tunnel construction, characterized in that: The advanced geological prediction system for tunnel construction according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: S1. Install the detector device into the preset hole, specifically, insert one end of the outer cylinder provided with the triaxial acceleration sensor into the preset hole, so that the end of the outer cylinder is close to the inner end of the preset hole, and then fill the first medium into the annular airbag to expand the annular airbag, and the outer side of the annular airbag tightly presses the inner wall of the preset hole, so that the outer cylinder is fixed to the inner wall of the preset hole; S2, insert the operating end of the inner rod into the interior of the outer cylinder, the first threaded portion of the inner rod is first threadedly connected with the center hole of the inner disk, and the inner rod is continuously rotated, the first threaded portion moves forward, so that the bare rod portion between the first threaded portion and the second threaded portion corresponds to the center hole of the inner disk, and then the inner rod is continuously rotated, the first threaded portion of the inner rod is threadedly connected with the inner threaded opening, at this time, the inner rod is used to push the disk rack to move axially, so that the three-axis acceleration sensor extends out of the outer cylinder, and the disk rack is separated from the guide rod, when the second threaded portion is threadedly connected with the center hole of the inner disk, the angle of the three-axis acceleration sensor is adjusted by rotating the inner rod, and at this time, a sealing area is formed inside the preset hole and on the left side of the annular airbag; S3, filling the second medium into the sealed area through the second pipe, so that the second medium is in full contact with the triaxial acceleration sensor and the inner wall of the preset hole, and the seismic wave transmission between the inner wall of the preset hole and the triaxial acceleration sensor is achieved by relying on the second medium; S4. After the detector is installed, the matching exciter is installed at the same time. The exciter generates a vibration source, relies on the three-axis acceleration sensor of the detector to receive the shock wave, and transmits the shock wave signal to the multi-channel data acquisition instrument. The multi-channel data acquisition instrument obtains the shock wave signal received by the detector and transmits it to an external data processing terminal.

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