A discharge system for emptying a paste material from a tub container

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for emptying a paste-like material from a tub container, said emptying system having a tub follower plate which preferably can be lowered like a stamp into the interior of the container, having a discharge opening, a pump which is operatively connected to the discharge opening for removing the material enclosed in a collection chamber between the bottom of the tub and the tub follower plate, at least one agitator being arranged in the collection chamber, the agitator forcing the material enclosed in the collection chamber to move relative to the tub follower plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a evacuation system for evacuating a paste-like material from a preferred barrel-shaped container, according to the preamble of claim 1, and a method for evacuating a paste-like material from a barrel-shaped container. Technical Background

[0002] A viscous material can be emptied from a container (preferably a barrel-shaped container) using a conventional evacuation system for paste-like materials. This is typically accomplished using a pump and a bucket faucet. Here, the bucket faucet, which has an outlet, is pressed downwards (towards the material) while the pump draws the material from the container through the outlet. For materials with higher viscosity, the material is usually heated first to reduce viscosity and increase flowability.

[0003] However, for some materials, the combination of material heating and pump power is no longer sufficient to pump highly viscous materials out of the container. In this case, the material is not flowable or has insufficient flowability, and therefore does not actually move towards the discharge port.

[0004] The task of this invention

[0005] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus that can deliver highly viscous materials, preferably or even those materials that cannot be delivered from a container using existing technology, out of the container.

[0006] Solution according to the invention

[0007] Independent claim 1 provides a solution for this purpose.

[0008] To this end, a drainage system for emptying a paste-like material from a preferred barrel-shaped container is proposed, the system having a barrel follower plate that can descend into the container like a stamp. Preferably, the barrel follower plate itself is moved and retracted into the container. Alternatively, the bottom of the barrel can also move toward the stationary barrel follower plate, thus generating "only" the corresponding relative movement, which is sufficient even if not preferred. Here, the barrel can—especially when the so-called "clay" (i.e., model material) is to be completed in a prototype or vehicle body prototype—stand upright on its bottom, hang upside down with the barrel opening facing down (preferably), or stand on its side, the latter being not preferred. Here, the barrel follower plate has a preferred central outlet and, in the aforementioned cases, is ideally designed and movably mounted such that it can be moved vertically from top to bottom into the barrel-shaped container along its longitudinal axis.

[0009] Additionally, the evacuation system includes a pump for removing material from a collection chamber enclosed between the bottom of the bucket and the bucket follower plate, wherein the pump is operatively connected to a discharge port, and the material is preferably drawn out of the collection chamber via the discharge port.

[0010] The venting system is characterized by having at least one agitator in the collection chamber, which forces the material enclosed in the collection chamber to move relative to the barrel's follower plate.

[0011] Ideally, the material processed by the agitator should be so viscous that it cannot be pumped out under heating conditions without decomposition. The agitator is ideally designed such that the material to be processed and pumped out is forced to move under the action of the agitator, resulting in a decrease in the viscosity of the material, at least temporarily.

[0012] The agitator causes the material, or preferably a portion thereof, to move relative to the drum follower plate. This relative movement reduces the viscosity of the material, or at least a portion thereof, preferably by shearing or by loosening and / or at least substantially separating it from the rest of the material in the collection chamber. As a result, the material, or at least a portion thereof, can be pumped out, particularly through the drum follower plate, typically upwards into the area above the drum follower plate.

[0013] The barrel-shaped container described herein is a container with a closed bottom and typically self-supporting side boundaries and a removal opening opposite the bottom, which typically does not retract or significantly retracts, but rather fully exposes the interior of the container. In any case, the self-supporting property is so pronounced that the side boundaries do not collapse under the influence of frictional forces exerted upon them by the barrel follower plate when it descends into the barrel-shaped container. The term "barrel-shaped container" in its broader sense is not limited to a barrel in the strict sense, but may also include a square tank or any other storage container in which the material to be pumped is completely or substantially stationary until it is drawn in by the pump. However, the term also has a preferred, narrower meaning, namely, a barrel-shaped container designed such that it presents a generally circular cross-section when viewed from different heights perpendicular to its longitudinal axis or axis of rotation.

[0014] In some cases (but rarely), the bucket follower plate does not rest against the side boundary of the bucket container itself, but rather against the lining sack or beutel to empty it, and then its upper end is secured securely to the bucket container to successfully peel open the inside of the sack or beutel and empty it in the process. In this case, the stirrer must maintain sufficient radial distance from the sack or beutel to prevent it from getting stuck.

[0015] In many preferred cases, the follower plate, being continuously immersed in the barrel-shaped container, keeps the material to be pumped under a certain pre-tension or pressure, thereby causing the material to move through the discharge port of the follower plate towards the pump suction area.

[0016] The exact physical effects upon which this invention is based have not yet been definitively investigated. However, the following can be considered as a first approximate result: a highly preferred effect of this invention is that the stirring according to the invention is carried out with the necessary means such that the material to be pumped is subjected to a not negligible shear rate in the pump's inlet or suction region or entrance region (ideally, essentially only there). This shear rate is strong enough to cause the material to undergo shear thinning at that point, thereby achieving a not negligible reduction in local viscosity. In this first approximate result, this can be imagined as reducing the internal adhesion of the pumped material through shearing, for example, for materials composed of long-chain molecules, by pulling apart molecular entanglements. This effect appears particularly pronounced in the case of pumping non-Newtonian fluids, which is why this invention can be used particularly well to bring them into a pumpable state.

[0017] In many cases, it can be said that the agitator according to the invention is preferably designed such that it causes only the top horizontal or surface area of ​​the substance or material to be conveyed to move, preferably substantially into sliding or shearing motion.

[0018] Preferred design options of the present invention

[0019] A preferred embodiment of the evacuation system comprises an agitator consisting of at least one shearing rod, preferably extending substantially radially to the central longitudinal axis of the container to be evacuated. This shearing rod is fixed to and protrudes from the end face of the follower plate facing the collection chamber into the collection chamber. By means of this shearing rod, a portion of the material can be sheared and / or loosened from the surface area of ​​the material in the collection chamber. Furthermore, during relative motion, the shearing rod guides the loosened and / or sheared material to the discharge port, thereby further facilitating material suction.

[0020] Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the bucket follower plate is held in a rotationally fixed manner and that the emptying system has a container carrier that can be driven to rotate. This represents a simple method for generating relative motion between the bucket follower plate (which preferably has a shear bar firmly fixed thereto) or the shear bar and the material in the collection chamber.

[0021] Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the agitator is at least one shearing rod, which preferably extends radially substantially relative to the central longitudinal axis of the container to be emptied. This shearing rod is held in a rotatable manner on the operating extension (Wirkfortsatz) of the pump rotor, which passes through the bucket follower plate, preferably through its discharge port, and protrudes into the collection chamber, wherein the container to be emptied is preferably held in an anti-rotational manner. This represents another simple way to ensure relative movement between the material and the bucket follower plate, which is achieved by ensuring the rotational movement of at least one shearing rod by means of the necessary rotational movement of the pump rotor.

[0022] Another preferred embodiment is that the operating extension is connected to the pump rotor via gears, causing it to rotate at a different speed than the pump rotor. For this purpose, planetary gears or similar gears are preferably used.

[0023] Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that at least one shearing rod has a zinneckranz-shaped crown on its end face directly facing the bottom of the container. This zinneckranz-shaped crown preferably has a zinneckranz-shaped portion that protrudes deeper into the collection chamber along the longitudinal axis of the container, and a notch located therebetween. Thus, the zinneckranz-shaped crown at least partially separates and / or tears apart the material to be emptied, thereby reducing the viscosity of the material.

[0024] Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that multiple shear bars with crenellated crowns be provided, and that the crenellated crowns of the following shear bars in the direction of rotation are radially offset from the crenellated crowns of the preceding shear bars. With this arrangement, the following crenellated crowns will not move along the same path as the previously formed crenellated crowns during the rotational movement of the shear bars, thus preventing the following crenellated crowns from loosening the material, or at least preventing them from significantly loosening the material.

[0025] Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the front side of at least one shearing rod in the direction of rotation is concave. This shape improves the collection and concentration of the material to be emptied and supplies material to the discharge port during the rotational movement of the shearing rod, which is preferably located at the center of the barrel follower plate, thereby conveying the material radially inward.

[0026] Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the end of at least one shear bar extends directly to the discharge port—preferably even overlapping its net cross-section—and ideally is approximately or substantially tangent to the inner plane (Leibung) of the discharge port. The material to be emptied accumulated by the shear bar is conveyed particularly efficiently to the discharge port and transferred to the pump inlet behind it.

[0027] Another preferred embodiment is that the bucket follower plate is designed to be entirely or primarily conical on its side facing the collection chamber, such that the radial outer edge of the bucket follower plate advances to its outlet as it descends into the container, preferably with a cone angle between less than or about 1° and a maximum of 10° (preferably only a maximum of 5°).

[0028] Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the follower plate of the barrel carries a planar seal on its outer periphery, and preferably carries a planar seal forming a lip seal that bends against the direction of descent during descent. Preferably, based on the longitudinal axis of the container to be emptied in the axial direction, the following ratio applies to their radial width B and axial thickness D: B < 2 × D.

[0029] Further design options, operating modes, and advantages are derived from the description of the embodiments and / or from the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 The facility with two venting systems that can operate in parallel is shown in a three-dimensional view.

[0031] Figure 2 The bottom view shows the barrel follower plate with shear bars.

[0032] Figure 3 The barrel follower plate with shear bars is shown from below in a three-dimensional view.

[0033] Figure 4 A bucket follower plate with shear rods is shown from below in a three-dimensional view, wherein the bucket follower plate is fixed to the hollow column of the pump, wherein the hollow column is preferably the stator of an eccentric screw pump.

[0034] Figure 5 The barrel follower plate is shown from above in a three-dimensional view, wherein the barrel follower plate is fixed to the hollow column of the pump.

[0035] Figure 6 The rotating container carrier of the venting system is shown in a three-dimensional view.

[0036] Figure 7 A second embodiment of a bucket follower plate with shear bars is shown from below in a three-dimensional view, wherein the bucket follower plate is fixed to the hollow column of the pump. It should be noted that the number, design, profile, and length of the shear bars may vary considerably and deviate from the preferred embodiment shown in this example.

[0037] Figure 8 Shown from above in a 3D view Figure 7 The second embodiment of the bucket follower plate.

[0038] Figure 9The evacuation system with a lowered bucket follower plate is shown in a partially sectional front view.

[0039] Figure 10 The housing for the venting system or from its parent system according to the invention is shown in a vertical plan cross-sectional view.

[0040] Figure 11 It shows from Figure 10 The frontal and outer views shown.

[0041] Preferred embodiments

[0042] As described above, the starting point of this invention is a highly viscous, non-flowable material (e.g., clay, modeling material) in the barrel-shaped container 2 that is in this state and cannot be pumped. This material can exist in the container 2 in various forms. For example, the container 2 can be completely filled; in extreme cases, the material in the container 2 can be in strip form, but it can also be in block or granular form, or even fragment form.

[0043] first, Figure 1 A facility with two venting systems 1 that can operate in parallel is shown. Each venting system has a pump with a raiseable and lowerable hollow column 13, which preferably also forms part of or is incorporated into the stator housing of an eccentric screw pump. In the pump used in this embodiment, it is possible to... Figure 1 The motor 5 is preferably connected to the top of the hollow column via a flange, while the eccentric screw that produces the actual pumping effect is located inside the hollow column 13 and is therefore not visible from the outside. The hollow column 13 is fixed to the barrel follower plate 3. Preferably, the hollow column 13 surrounds the (preferably centrally located) outlet 4 of the barrel follower plate 3 on one side. The barrel follower plate 3 preferably also includes a planar seal 12 located on the outer radius of the barrel follower plate 3 and sliding along the inner wall of the container during the lowering and raising of the barrel follower plate 3. If the barrel follower plate 3 is pressed downward onto the material by the lifting mechanism of the hollow column 13, a collection chamber 6 is formed in the container 2 between the barrel follower plate 3 and the bottom of the container, in which the material to be emptied is collected. The barrel follower plate 3 preferably also includes a stirrer 7, which will be discussed in more detail below. It is also possible to... Figure 9 The preferred embodiment of the described venting system 1 is shown in the figure, wherein the collection chamber 6 between the bucket follower plate 3 and the bottom of the container is better shown by a cross-sectional view.

[0044] Container 2 is preferably mounted on a rotating container carrier 9 (see also) Figure 6The rotational drive is preferably accomplished by means of a motor, belt, and pulleys, which in turn drive the device containing container 2. Alternatively, but not preferred, a chain drive or friction wheel drive is also possible, and a gear drive may also be used. Container 2 preferably rotates during the emptying process to ensure relative movement between the fixed bucket follower plate 3 and the material in container 2.

[0045] However, it should be mentioned that this rotational or relative motion can also be achieved in other ways. For example, the container 2 can be stationary while only the stirrer 7 rotates. This can be achieved by securely connecting the stirrer 7 to the bucket follower plate 3. The bucket follower plate 3 will then rotate together with the corresponding rotating device, thereby generating a relative velocity between the material and the stirrer 7. For patent law reasons, protection should first be sought here for this highly theoretical solution, despite the additional costs involved.

[0046] In the framework of the clearly preferred embodiment, the stirrer 7 is not connected to the barrel follower plate 3, and the barrel follower plate 3 is non-rotatable. Due to the technical features of the pump 5 used, for this variant, the stirrer 7 can be directly attached to the pump rotor. Therefore, even on the barrel side, an additional rotating device is not necessarily required, because the rotational motion of the stirrer 7 can be directly introduced via the rotational motion of the pump rotor (preferably a rotor with an eccentric screw shaft) without hindering the possibility of combined rotational motion of the barrel container and the stirrer.

[0047] The first preferred form of the stirrer 7 can be seen in Figures 2 to 5 The agitator 7 preferably consists of at least two, preferably even at least three shear bars 8, each (at least most) of which carries a crenellated crown 10. In the preferred embodiment shown, the shear bars 8 are securely connected to the barrel follower plate 3.

[0048] A series of tests revealed that the viscosity of the material decreases through shearing, which is ensured by the shearing rods 8 combined with the aforementioned relative motion. The bastion-shaped crown 10 is offset in such a way that shear force is continuously introduced into the material as long as the follower plate 3 is placed on it. The combination of rotational motion and the specially arranged shearing rods 8 generates very high shear force in the material, thereby further reducing the viscosity. Furthermore, these shearing rods 8 are arranged so that they simultaneously convey the material along the direction of the pump's suction or discharge port 4.

[0049] This allows for the delivery of extremely high-viscosity materials from container 2. For further optimization, attention should be paid to setting the ratio between the pump speed and the relative speed between the material and the follower plate 3 of the tank with agitator 7, which is particularly advantageous. The optimal speeds for both pump 5 and the rotating unit depend on the design of the shear bar 8, the feed rate, the pump size / design, and the amount of material to be transported. In many cases, it is meaningful to provide the user with the option to adjust the speed individually, allowing the user to adjust the speed to maximize their observed pumped material flow rate.

[0050] Generally, the follower plate 3 of the barrel is preferably constructed as a circular plate with an opening in the middle (i.e., the so-called discharge port 4). The discharge port 4 serves as a suction opening, to which the suction pipe of the pump 5 is attached, ideally at the center of the plate, so as to keep the path of material from all directions to the suction opening as short as possible.

[0051] The flat seal 12 on the barrel follower plate 3 serves as a seal between the barrel follower plate 3 and the container 2. In this embodiment, the width of the flat seal 12 is preferably kept as small as possible (width < 2 × thickness of the flat seal 12) so that the flat seal 12 cannot be folded and the material side is pushed over.

[0052] To ensure the shearing function, at least one shear rod 8 must be installed as an agitator 7. However, at least two or three shear rods are preferred. Installing more than six or at least eight shear rods 8 generally does not provide a significant improvement and should therefore be avoided.

[0053] As previously mentioned, each shear bar 8 preferably carries a crenellated crown portion 10 with a crenellated shape, which preferably forms a peak-valley combination. The "peak" has a total height h from the barrel follower plate 3 to the highest point of the peak. ges The "valley" has a height h1 from the valley to the follower plate 3 of the barrel. The height h2 describes the difference between the peak and the valley.

[0054] Therefore, the shearing rods can be divided into two regions. The height h1 is completely continuous over the entire radius of the barrel follower plate 3, thus forming a hydraulically engaged surface that is always fully engaged due to rotational motion, and serves as a guide or guide plate to direct the material toward the center of the suction opening. The height h1 should be at least 0.05% of the diameter of the barrel follower plate 3. Theoretically, there is no limit to the maximum height, but it is practically meaningless if the height exceeds 5% of the diameter of the barrel follower plate. While it is technically still possible for the shearing rods 8 to become too high, the forces and torques that must be applied to move these large shearing rods 8 through the material would become extremely high and uneconomical.

[0055] On the other hand, in the preferred embodiment shown here, the height h2 is not continuous over the entire radius and always has peak and valley regions. Here, the peak region engages with the material and generates the necessary shear in subsequent layers to reduce viscosity and create flowability. Once the material can flow through this region, it moves toward the suction opening via the guide region h1. The height h2 should preferably correspond substantially to the height h1. The formation of the peaks or valleys varies. The crenellated crown 10 shown in the figure has a preferred crenellated shape structure, but other structures, such as wavy profiles, are also possible.

[0056] Preferably, the shear bars 8 in the first preferred embodiment shown are not identical or asymmetrical. The peaks or valleys are always arranged at an offset. Viewed from the radially inner to the radially outer side, one shear bar 8 begins with a peak, and the other shear bar 8 begins with a valley. This extends further radially outward. Thus, one shear bar 8 has a valley on its outermost side, while the other shear bar 8 has a peak on its outermost side. Due to the rotational motion, a peak always follows a valley and a valley always follows a peak, thereby inevitably producing shear.

[0057] Preferably, the shearing rod 8 in the first preferred embodiment also has a radius. The radius of the shearing rod 8 is preferably 1 / 4 of the diameter of the barrel follower plate 3. Furthermore, the rotation direction and bending of the shearing rod 8 are preferably coordinated with each other, so that the material is conveyed inwards by rotational motion toward the center point of the barrel follower plate 3.

[0058] The conical design scheme of the follower plate 3 (similar to a cone, see...) Figure 7 and Figure 8 The push-down follower plate 3 will more easily move the material toward the center of the pump's suction opening or discharge outlet 4. The agitator 7 is composed of shearing rods 8 with a bastion-shaped crown 10, wherein, preferably, at least four shearing rods are used.

[0059] Preferably, the barrel follower plate 3 also has at least one exhaust valve 11 and at least one compressed air connector 14.

[0060] When the barrel follower plate descends into the container or is positioned by relative movement relative to the bottom of the barrel, the exhaust valve 11 opens, and there must be no air cushion between it and the material to be conveyed or discharged. The compressed air connection 14 serves a different purpose. Compressed air can be selectively applied via this connection (while simultaneously closing the exhaust valve 11) so that when container 2 is emptied and a new container 2 is placed in, it pushes the barrel follower plate 3 and the bottom of the barrel back apart relative to each other.

[0061] Preferably, the venting system 1 is also typically equipped with a heating device, which primarily and additionally heats the material in the collection chamber 6. Ideally, the entire venting system 1 is not heated internally—or even at different locations—but is placed in an enclosure that allows for temperature control of the entire venting system 1 as a whole, ideally reaching a temperature of 60°C or at most 60°C.

[0062] Figure 10 and 11 This enclosure-equipped facility is disclosed. It can be seen that the enclosure defines at least two, preferably three, substantially independent compartments 17, 18, and 19. Preferably, each of these compartments is heated—typically controlled or regulated to a temperature above ambient temperature, or to a temperature that itself is not suitable for pumping in most cases—but significantly facilitates pumping. Each of the two compartments 17 and 18 contains a (preferably complete) venting system 1 according to the invention.

[0063] Ideally, alternating operations should be performed.

[0064] In the scenario shown, the evacuation system 1 shown on the right operates linearly, pumping out the contents of the barrel-shaped container 2 to which it is allocated. The contents are then preferably released to the outside via a U-shaped tubing loop 16, preferably to a booster pump BOR (discussed in more detail later). The substance is released from the booster pump via a supply line 20 (e.g., a supply line to the nozzle MST) or a spray gun, using which the substance evacuated from the barrel-shaped container is applied to its intended use location.

[0065] In the scenario shown, another, preferably identical, evacuation system exists in the left compartment 17. Reloading is currently underway by inserting a new or other barrel-shaped container 2. Once the barrel-shaped container 2 in the right compartment 19 is emptied, further (completely or substantially) seamless delivery is made from the barrel-shaped container 2 in the left compartment 17, preferably allowing the material in the tubing bundle 20 downstream of the booster pump to remain in continuous motion. This helps prevent material stagnating in the tubing bundle downstream of the booster pump from becoming difficult to restart.

[0066] The compartments 17 and 19 with the system preferably each have at least one storage location (not shown) in which another barrel-shaped container 2 can be stored and thus subjected to temperature control for a sufficient period of time while the system pumps out from the other barrel-shaped container.

[0067] Because the compartments are thermally insulated from each other and are preferably directly accessible from the outside through their own doors 21, 22, 23 or covers, the corresponding venting systems can be reloaded and / or maintained without concern for temporary cooling. The doors or covers preferably have glass inspection openings through which the interior of the compartments can be inspected without opening the doors or covers, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 11 .

[0068] Ideally, the venting system compartment should be designed in a way that allows work to be carried out even when the doors or covers are closed. This is useful for best preventing cooling within the compartment from being affected by current changes or maintenance work, which could impede readiness to restart movement or transport.

[0069] Once the substance to be transported has been drawn into one or two evacuation systems according to the invention and begun to move while its viscosity is reduced, the booster pump can then function to deliver the substance to its point of consumption via longer pipes and / or hoses. For this purpose, the compartment that typically fully houses the booster pump is preferably temperature-controlled and ideally thermally isolated from other compartments.

[0070] The material pumped by the booster pump is preferably output upward through the top of the casing, because if the material can be supplied to the nozzle in a downward flow at the end of the pipeline, it is beneficial to the uniformity of the material output at the nozzle.

[0071] General Instructions

[0072] In addition, independent of and dependent on the already filed claims, protection shall be made as appropriate for the use of a venting system described in one or more claims for venting a barrel or container containing model material intended to replicate a car body under development, preferably at a scale of at least 1:3, and ideally—at least substantially or entirely—at a scale of 1:1.

[0073] Ideally, the aforementioned model material is a model material based on at least one wax and preferably contains fillers and / or colored pigments.

[0074] Often, or even normally, the viscosity of the aforementioned model material is insufficient to be pumped in a static state at temperatures below which it begins to change and / or decompose and / or faces fire.

[0075] The aforementioned model material often, or even typically, has a density of 0.8 g / cm³. 3 Up to 1.2 g / cm 3 The (vented) density and / or processing temperature of 45°C to 65°C and / or Shore A hardness of 65 to 80 at 20°C.

[0076] The agitator according to the invention is preferably designed such that, after agitation in the container, the substance or modeling material to be emptied from the container can be pumped over a distance greater than 6 m or at least greater than 4 m, preferably without the need for further agitation at subsequent locations. Ideally, further pumping can be performed, or at least over a distance from the container to a dispenser or nozzle supplied by a pipe or hose, via which the user outputs the modeling material to a point of consumption (i.e., typically onto the model body).

[0077] If necessary, relay stations can be used to cover longer distances. It is conceivable to place the material in a buffer container or buffer storage unit within the relay station, where the material is again agitated according to the invention so that it can then be further pumped from there.

[0078] To improve or balance pumping capacity, it is meaningful to place the barrel-shaped container, along with its contents, the frame securing the container, and possibly the turntable on which the container is placed, at least the screw pump removed from the container, entirely within the heated housing, in many cases several hours before pumping begins.

[0079] Independent of the claims already filed, the following evacuation system will also be required, where appropriate, for independent protection, regardless of reference to the claims already filed or dependent claims: evacuation system 1, for evacuating a paste-like material preferably from a barrel-shaped container 2, comprising: a barrel follower plate 3, which is preferably capable of descending into the container like a stamp, and having an outlet 4; a pump 5, operatively connected to the outlet 4, for removing material enclosed in a collection chamber 6 between the bottom of the barrel and the barrel follower plate, characterized in that at least one device, preferably a vibrator, oscillator, vibrator and / or ultrasonic transmitter, is provided to cause the material present in the collection chamber to move at least in the region of the outlet, ideally including shear motion or substantially exhibiting motion that causes its viscosity to decrease in the region of the outlet.

[0080] List of reference numerals

[0081] 1. Drainage system

[0082] 2. Barrel-shaped containers

[0083] 3 buckets of follower plate

[0084] 4. Discharge outlets

[0085] 5. Pump motor

[0086] 6 Collection Room

[0087] 7. Mixer

[0088] 8. Shear bar

[0089] 9. Container carrier

[0090] 10. Cascade-shaped crown

[0091] 11. Exhaust valve

[0092] 12. Flat seal

[0093] 13 Hollow Columns

[0094] 14 Compressed air connector

[0095] 15. Outer shell

[0096] 16 U-shaped pipeline loop

[0097] 17 First compartment

[0098] 18 Second compartment

[0099] 19 Third compartment

[0100] 20 Supply pipelines

[0101] 21 Doors or covers

[0102] 22 Doors or covers

[0103] 23 Doors or covers

[0104] B. Radial width planar seal

[0105] D Axial Thickness Planar Seal

[0106] BOR booster pump

[0107] MST nozzles

[0108] h ges Total height "peak"

[0109] h1 Height "Valley"

[0110] h2 Difference between peaks and valleys

Claims

1. A venting system (1) for venting a paste-like material from a barrel-shaped container (2), the venting system (1) comprising: a barrel follower plate (3) having a discharge port (4); and a pump (5) operably connected to the discharge port (4) for removing material from a collection chamber (6) enclosed between the bottom of the barrel and the barrel follower plate (3), wherein, At least one agitator (7) is provided in the collection chamber (6) to force the material enclosed in the collection chamber (6) to move relative to the bucket follower plate (3), wherein the agitator (7) is at least one shearing rod (8) fixed to the end face of the bucket follower plate (3) facing the collection chamber (6) and protruding from the end face into the collection chamber (6), characterized in that at least one of the shearing rods (8) carries a crenellated crown (10) on its end face directly facing the bottom of the container.

2. The venting system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bucket follower plate (3) can descend into the container like a stamp.

3. The venting system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bucket follower plate (3) is held in an anti-rotation manner, and the emptying system (1) has a container carrier (9) that can be rotated.

4. The venting system (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bucket follower plate (3) is held in an anti-rotation manner, and the emptying system (1) has a container carrier (9) that can be rotated.

5. The venting system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Multiple shear bars (8) with crenellated crowns (10) are provided, and the crenellated crowns of the shear bars (8) following the rotation direction are radially offset from the crenellated crowns of the preceding shear bars (8).

6. The venting system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, At least one of the shear bars (8) is concavely curved on the front side along the rotation direction.

7. The venting system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, At least one of the shear bars (8) extends directly to the outlet (4) and is ideally tangent to the inner surface of the outlet (4).

8. The venting system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The bucket follower plate (3) has at least one exhaust valve (11) to eliminate any air cushions in the collection chamber (6).

9. The venting system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The bucket follower plate (3) is designed to be conical on its side facing the collection chamber (6), such that the radial outer edge of the bucket follower plate (3) is advanced to its outlet (4) as it descends into the container (2).

10. The venting system (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that, The bucket follower plate (3) has a cone angle between less than 1° and a maximum of 10° on its side facing the collection chamber (6).

11. The venting system (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that, The bucket follower plate (3) has a cone angle of up to 5° on its side facing the collection chamber (6).

12. The venting system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The barrel follower plate (3) carries a planar seal (12) on its outer circumference. The planar seal (12) bends in the opposite direction of descent when it descends. The following relationship applies to its radial width B and axial thickness D: B < 2 × D.

13. The venting system (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that, The planar seal (12) forms a lip seal.

14. The venting system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The bucket follower plate (3) is fixed to the hollow column (13) through its outlet (4). The hollow column (13) can be raised and lowered relative to the container (2) to be emptied. An eccentric screw pump is arranged inside the hollow column (13) to draw in material through the outlet (4).

15. A method for evacuating a paste-like material from a barrel-shaped container (2) by pumping using an evacuation system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The material to be pumped is heated and then loosened by a stirrer (7).

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The agitator (7) applies a force to the material to be pumped, the force moving at least a portion of the material toward the suction tube of the pump (5).

17. Use of a stirrer (7) having the stirrer features of any one of the preceding claims to improve the flowability of material to be pumped out at a radially adjacent location to the suction opening of a pump (5), the pump (5) being ideally an eccentric screw pump, the pump (5) pumping out material via a barrel follower plate (3).

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