A microscope illumination system

Abstract

The invention discloses a microscope illumination system, which is characterized by comprising a condenser, a first light collecting lens, a field stop, a second light collecting lens and a light splitting element which are sequentially distributed from front to back along a main light path from an object side, the light splitting element is provided with a first light splitting path and a second light splitting path, the first light collecting lens and the second light collecting lens both have positive focal lengths, the front focus of the first light collecting lens coincides with the rear focus of the condenser, the rear focus of the first light collecting lens coincides with the front focus of the second light collecting lens at the field stop, and the rear focus of the second light collecting lens is located between the second light collecting lens and the light splitting element; a collimator and an optical fiber light source for emitting divergent light are sequentially arranged on the first light splitting path of the light splitting element from front to back, and a lamp house focusing lens and a lamp house light source for emitting collimated light are sequentially arranged on the second light splitting path of the light splitting element from front to back; the advantage is that different types of light source systems can be switched for illumination as needed, the structure is simple, and the switching is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an illumination system, in particular to a microscope illumination system. Background Art

[0002] The existing mainstream lighting technology usually adopts a single lighting method, that is, a set of light source systems are adapted to a set of light source modules. In principle, the light source system is mainly divided into Kohler lighting system and critical lighting system, and the light source modules are mainly lamp room light source and fiber optic light source.

[0003] Conventional microscope illumination systems are mainly based on Kohler illumination systems, but different application scenarios in actual use require different light sources or illumination systems. For example, when 365nm ultraviolet light or 980nm near-infrared light is used as the excitation light of the fiber optic light source, the light generated by the fiber optic light source needs to be connected to the Kohler illumination system to increase the application range of the illumination system. Due to experimental cost considerations, the current conventional operation method is to convert the divergent light generated by the fiber optic port into a parallel light beam through a fiber optic collimation system and then connect it to the Kohler illumination system. However, experiments have found that this method will be limited by the structural composition of some optical fibers themselves, especially when using multi-mode optical fiber illumination, a ring-shaped light spot will be formed on the image plane, affecting the lighting effect. In order to solve this problem, compound eye illumination or the addition of a uniform light frosting sheet or a critical illumination solution is usually used during design.

[0004] Among them, the use of compound eye illumination requires the addition of a compound eye lens design to the system, and the compound eye lens requires mold opening and processing, and the processing cycle and cost consumption are relatively long; adding a light-averaging frosted sheet will cause the light energy loss of the illumination light source to be at least 30%, which is not the best choice for a high-brightness experimental environment; and the critical illumination solution, for a Kohler illumination system that originally matched the light source of the lamp room, if you want to change to a more effective critical illumination solution when connecting to the fiber optic interface illumination, you need to make certain changes and adjustments to the lens structure and position in the original Kohler illumination system. However, since the shell of the microscope using the Kohler illumination system has been formed, each lens is fixed at the corresponding installation position in the shell. Therefore, this modification plan cannot be directly implemented by adding several lenses to the existing microscope. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a microscope illumination system which can switch different types of light source systems for illumination as required, has a simple structure and is easy to switch and use.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: A microscope illumination system includes a condenser lens, a first condenser lens, a field stop, a second condenser lens, and a beam splitter element that are sequentially distributed from the object side along the main optical path from front to back. The beam splitter element is provided with a first optical path and a second optical path. Both the first condenser lens and the second condenser lens have positive focal lengths. The front focal point of the first condenser lens coincides with the rear focal point of the condenser lens. The rear focal point of the first condenser lens and the front focal point of the second condenser lens coincide at the field stop. The focal length f1 of the first condenser lens and the focal length f2 of the second condenser lens satisfy the following relationship: 1 / 3 < f2 / f1 < 3. The rear focal point of the second condenser lens is located between the second condenser lens and the beam splitter element;

[0007] On the first optical path of the beam splitter element, a collimator lens and an optical fiber light source for emitting divergent light are sequentially arranged from front to back. The collimator lens is used to converge the divergent light emitted by the optical fiber light source into a collimated beam and incident on the beam splitter element. The beam splitter element is used to emit the collimated beam onto the second condenser lens;

[0008] On the second optical path of the beam splitter element, a lamp chamber focusing lens and a lamp chamber light source for emitting collimated light are sequentially arranged from front to back. The lamp chamber focusing lens is used to convert the collimated light emitted by the lamp chamber light source into a converging beam and then incident on the beam splitter element. The beam splitter element is used to emit the converging beam into the main optical path and converge and form an image at the rear focal point of the second condenser lens;

[0009] The range of the distance L between the front focal point of the first condenser lens and the rear focal point of the second condenser lens is: 200 mm ≤ L ≤ 800 mm.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are that a first light collecting lens, a second light collecting lens and a light splitting element are arranged in the main light path, and the front focus of the first light collecting lens is arranged to coincide with the position of the rear focus of the condenser, the rear focus of the first light collecting lens is arranged to coincide with the front focus of the second light collecting lens, and the position of the light splitting element is kept at a small distance from the rear focus of the second light collecting lens under the condition of satisfying light transmission, thereby reserving sufficient space for the position design of the lamp house focusing lens; when the optical fiber light source is connected to the first light splitting path, a collimator is used to converge the divergent light emitted by the optical fiber light source into a collimated light beam and incident on the light splitting element, and the light splitting element emits the collimated light beam to the second light collecting lens, at which time the microscope illumination system is a critical illumination system, and the light spot formed on the image plane is relatively bright and has no dark ring; when the lamp house light source is connected to the second light splitting path, the lamp house focusing lens converts the collimated light emitted by the lamp house light source into a convergent light beam and then incident on the light splitting element, and the light splitting element emits the convergent light beam into the main light path and converges the image at the rear focus of the second light collecting lens, at which time the microscope illumination system switches to a conventional Kohler illumination system;

[0011] Two different light sources, the optical fiber light source and the lamp room light source, can be connected to the main light path through splitter elements such as splitter lenses or splitter prisms. The first light collecting lens and the second light collecting lens in the main light path can be shared by the critical illumination system and the Kohler illumination system, which expands the types of light source systems that can be used in the same microscope, so that the same microscope can be used to study research objects with different types of light source system requirements, thereby greatly reducing research costs; the microscope illumination system does not need to change the microscope structure, and can simultaneously connect multiple light source modules to the light source system through a simple fixing method, which expands the application range of the light source system, effectively reduces the use cost of microscopes, especially research-level microscopes, and has low energy loss; according to experimental needs, different light source modules can be switched only by switching different light sources, which improves the convenience of the experiment.

[0012] Preferably, the collimator is a single lens with a positive focal length. The collimator uses a single lens with a positive focal length. This solution is more universal and can converge the divergent light emitted by the fiber optic light source into a collimated light beam and incident on the beam splitter. The appropriate focal length of the collimator is selected according to the light emission angle of the fiber optic light source to match the fiber optic light source with the collimator.

[0013] Preferably, the collimator is a lens group with a positive focal length for correcting aberrations. An aperture diaphragm is usually provided in the main optical path. In the present microscope illumination system, it can be provided at the position where the rear focus of the condenser and the front focus of the first light collecting lens coincide with each other, or at the rear focus of the second light collecting lens. When the light emitting surface size of the filament inside the light source of the lamp house is relatively large, the size of the image is also relatively large. Therefore, in order to collect more energy from the light source of the lamp house, an aperture diaphragm with a larger diaphragm size needs to be selected. Corresponding to this structure, when an optical fiber light source is used for illumination, in order to match the diaphragm size of the collimated light with the aperture diaphragm, the collimator needs to have a longer focal length. Therefore, a lens group with a positive focal length is used, such as a collimator composed of a conventional combination of a positive lens and a negative lens, which can effectively shorten the spatial length. Correcting aberrations can reduce or eliminate aberrations in the microscope illumination system to improve the imaging quality.

[0014] Preferably, the lamp house focusing lens is a single lens with a positive focal length. The lamp house focusing lens can also adopt a lens group with a positive focal length for correcting aberrations to improve imaging quality.

[0015] Preferably, a first aperture diaphragm is provided at the position where the rear focus of the condenser and the front focus of the first light collecting lens overlap, and the convergent light beam emitted by the lamp house focusing lens converges to form an image at the first aperture diaphragm after passing through the first light collecting lens and the second light collecting lens, and the size of the image matches the aperture size of the first aperture diaphragm, and the width of the collimated light beam converged by the collimator matches the aperture size of the first aperture diaphragm. The first aperture diaphragm is provided at the position where the rear focus of the condenser and the front focus of the first light collecting lens overlap, which is suitable for a microscope illumination system using an Abbe condenser as the condenser. Generally, the first aperture diaphragm can directly use the aperture diaphragm provided by the Abbe condenser.

[0016] Preferably, a second aperture diaphragm is arranged at the rear focus of the second light collecting lens, the convergent light beam emitted by the lamp house focusing lens converges at the rear focus of the second light collecting lens to form the filament image of the lamp house light source, the size of the filament image of the lamp house light source matches the diaphragm size of the second aperture diaphragm, and the width of the collimated light beam converged by the collimator matches the diaphragm size of the second aperture diaphragm. The second aperture diaphragm is arranged at the rear focus of the second light collecting lens, which is suitable for a microscope illumination system using a microscope objective as a condenser.

[0017] Preferably, the beam splitter element is a 45° beam splitter or a beam splitter prism. The 45° beam splitter or the beam splitter prism is a conventional beam splitter element that can transfer light beams on two different beam splitting paths into the same light path. By setting the beam splitter element, different types of lighting systems can be selected for illumination according to the application in the same microscope illumination system; a movable reflector that enters or leaves the main light path can also be used to realize the beam splitting function.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes a microscope stand and an illumination system housing, the illumination system housing includes a light collecting part, an adapter, a first light splitting part and a second light splitting part, the light collecting part is fixedly connected to the microscope stand, the rear end of the light collecting part is fixedly connected to the front end of the adapter, the condenser is fixedly arranged on the front end of the microscope stand on the object side, the first light collecting lens, the field aperture and the second light collecting lens are fixedly arranged in sequence from front to back inside the light collecting part, the front end of the first light splitting part is fixedly connected to the rear end of the adapter, the second light splitting part is outwardly protruding and fixedly arranged on the side of the adapter, the light splitting element is a 45° light splitter, the 45° light splitter is fixedly arranged in the adapter, the collimator is fixedly arranged in the first light splitting part, the front end of the fiber optic light source is fixedly connected to the rear end of the first light splitting part, the lamp house focusing lens is fixedly arranged in the second light splitting part, and the lamp house light source is fixedly connected to the outer end of the second light splitting part. The illumination system housing of the microscope illumination system can realize the desired function of selecting and using different types of light source systems according to needs, with low use cost and convenient switching; each part of the illumination system housing has a simple structure and is easy to install and process.

[0019] Preferably, a first connection cavity is provided inside the rear end of the first light splitting part, and a fiber interface is provided at the front end of the fiber optic light source, and the fiber interface is fixedly accommodated in the first connection cavity. The fiber interface and the first connection cavity are fixedly connected by conventional fixed connection forms such as threaded connection, snap-on fixation or screw fixation, which is very convenient to manufacture and install.

[0020] Preferably, the inner end of the second light splitter is integrally connected to the side of the adapter, a second connection cavity is provided inside the outer end of the second light splitter, a shell connector is provided at the inner end of the light source in the lamp room, and the shell connector is fixedly accommodated in the second connection cavity. The shell connector is a structure provided by the light source in the lamp room, and a second connection cavity is processed on the second light splitter to be fixedly connected with the shell connector, which is convenient to process, and the two can be fixedly connected by conventional fixed connection forms such as screw fixing or snap fixing. In the housing of the lighting system, screw fixing is used for fixed connection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a principle diagram of the optical path when the optical fiber light source is used for illumination in the first embodiment;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a principle diagram of the light path when the light source in the lamp room is used for illumination in the first embodiment;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path when the optical fiber light source is used for illumination in the second embodiment;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a principle diagram of the light path when the light source in the lamp room is used for illumination in the second embodiment;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path when the optical fiber light source is used for illumination in Example 3;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a principle diagram of the light path when the light source in the lamp room is used for illumination in the third embodiment;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path when the optical fiber light source is used for illumination in the fourth embodiment;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a principle diagram of the light path when the light source in the lamp room is used for illumination in the fourth embodiment;

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a partial structural cross-sectional view of Example 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Embodiment 1: Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a microscope illumination system comprises a condenser 1, a first light collecting lens 2, a field stop FS, a second light collecting lens 3, a second aperture stop AS2, a beam splitter 4, a collimator 51 and a fiber optic light source 52 located on a first beam splitting path of the beam splitter 4, and a lamp house focusing lens 61 and a lamp house light source 62 located on a second beam splitting path of the beam splitter 4, which are sequentially arranged from front to back along a main light path from an object side;

[0032] Among them, the condenser 1 adopts a microscope objective lens, the first light collecting lens 2 and the second light collecting lens 3 are both single lenses with positive focal length, the focal length f1 of the first light collecting lens 2 and the focal length f2 of the second light collecting lens 3 satisfy the following relationship: f2 / f1=1, f2=49.2mm, f1=49.2mm, the distance L between the front focus of the first light collecting lens 2 and the rear focus of the second light collecting lens 3=200.2mm, the aperture size of the second aperture diaphragm AS2 is 12mm, and the beam splitter 4 adopts a 45° beam splitter.

[0033] Application scenario 1: Figure 1 As shown, when the optical fiber light source 52 is used for illumination, the collimator 51 converges the divergent light emitted by the optical fiber light source 52 into a collimated light beam, and the collimated light beam passes through the 45° beam splitter and then converges to the field stop FS through the second light collecting lens 3. This position is the back focus position of the first light collecting lens 2. Subsequently, the light passes through the first light collecting lens 2 to form a parallel light beam and enters the microscope objective lens. The microscope objective lens converges the light and evenly irradiates the sample on the object side.

[0034] In the above process, the ratio of the beam width of the collimated light beam after the divergent light emitted by the optical fiber light source 52 passes through the collimator 51 and the beam width of the collimated light beam after passing through the second light-collecting lens 3 and the first light-collecting lens 2 is: f2 / f1=1, that is, the beam width remains unchanged, and the lighting mode at this time is critical lighting; wherein, the collimator 51 adopts a non-curved lens, which can well correct the spherical aberration of the large-aperture divergent light emitted by the optical fiber light source 52, and the focal length of the non-curved lens is 10mm, which can match the optical fiber light source 52 with a light-emitting angle greater than 73 degrees.

[0035] Application scenario 2: Figure 2 As shown in the figure, when the light source 62 in the lamp house is used for illumination, the lamp house focusing lens 61 converts the collimated light emitted by the light source 62 in the lamp house into a convergent light beam, which is then incident on the 45° beam splitter. The beam splitting element 4 emits the convergent light beam into the main light path, and converges the image at the rear focus of the second light collecting lens 3. The image formed is the filament image of the light source 62 in the lamp house. In the first embodiment, the size of the filament image is 12 mm, which matches the aperture size of the second aperture diaphragm AS2. The convergent light beam becomes parallel light after passing through the second light collecting lens 3. The parallel light beam is then converged to the front focus of the first light-collecting lens 2 through the first light-collecting lens 2, forming a secondary imaging surface of the filament image at the front focus of the first light-collecting lens 2, and the size of the secondary filament image is 12 mm; then, the light continues to move forward through the microscope objective lens and is evenly transmitted to the sample surface on the object side. At this time, the illumination method is Kohler illumination; wherein, the lamp house focusing lens 61 preferably adopts a single lens with a positive focal length of 150 mm, which can match a lamp house light source 62 with a light output diameter greater than 30 mm.

[0036] The technical solution of the above embodiment 1 is the optimal design solution applicable to most optical lighting scenarios.

[0037] Embodiment 2: Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a microscope illumination system includes a condenser 1, a first aperture stop AS1, a first light collecting lens 2, a field stop FS, a second light collecting lens 3, a beam splitter 4, a collimator 51 and a fiber optic light source 52 located on a first beam splitting path of the beam splitter 4, and a lamp house focusing lens 61 and a lamp house light source 62 located on a second beam splitting path of the beam splitter 4, which are sequentially arranged from front to back along a main light path from an object side;

[0038] Among them, the condenser 1 adopts an Abbe condenser, the aperture size of the first aperture diaphragm AS1 is 28mm, the first light collecting lens 2 and the second light collecting lens 3 are both single lenses with positive focal lengths, the focal length f1 of the first light collecting lens 2 and the focal length f2 of the second light collecting lens 3 satisfy the following relationship: f2 / f1=1 / 3, f2=49.4mm, f1=146.1mm, the distance L between the front focus of the first light collecting lens 2 and the rear focus of the second light collecting lens 3=395.4mm, and the splitting element 4 adopts a splitting prism.

[0039] Application scenario three: Figure 3 As shown, when the optical fiber light source 52 is used for illumination, the collimator 51 converges the divergent light emitted by the optical fiber light source 52 into a collimated light beam. After passing through the beam splitter prism, the collimated light beam is converged to the field aperture FS through the second light collecting lens 3. This position is the rear focus position of the first light collecting lens 2. Subsequently, the light passes through the first light collecting lens 2 to form a parallel light beam and enters the Abbe condenser. The Abbe condenser converges the light and evenly irradiates the sample on the object side.

[0040] In the above process, the ratio of the beam width of the collimated light beam after the divergent light emitted by the optical fiber light source 52 passes through the collimator 51 and the beam width of the collimated light beam after passing through the second light-collecting lens 3 and the first light-collecting lens 2 is: f2 / f1=1 / 3, that is, the beam width is enlarged by 3 times, and the lighting mode at this time is critical lighting; wherein, the collimator 51 adopts a single spherical lens, and the focal length of the spherical lens is 11.7mm, which can match the optical fiber light source 52 with a light-emitting angle greater than 47 degrees.

[0041] Application scenario 4: Figure 4As shown, when the lamp house light source 62 is used for illumination, the lamp house focusing lens 61 converts the collimated light emitted by the lamp house light source 62 into a convergent light beam and then enters the dichroic prism. The dichroic prism emits the convergent light beam into the main light path and converges the image at the rear focus of the second light collecting lens 3. The image formed is the filament image of the lamp house light source 62. The size of the filament image in the second embodiment is 9.3 mm. The convergent light beam becomes a parallel light beam after passing through the second light collecting lens 3. The parallel light beam then passes through the first light collecting lens 2 and converges to the first aperture diaphragm AS1. At this time, the position of the first aperture diaphragm AS1 is the second imaging surface of the filament image. The size of the filament image is 28 mm, which matches the aperture size of the first aperture diaphragm AS1. After that, the light continues to move forward through the Abbe condenser and is evenly transmitted to the sample surface on the object side. The lighting method at this time is Kohler lighting. Among them, the lamp house focusing lens 61 preferably adopts a single lens with a focal length of 55 mm and a positive focal length, which can match the lamp house light source 62 with a light output diameter greater than 40 mm.

[0042] The technical solution of the above second embodiment is mainly used when the condenser 1 is an Abbe condenser. When the optical fiber light source 52 is connected for illumination, the illumination range is 1 mm, which is suitable for application scenarios where the sample needs to be magnified 40 times or more for observation.

[0043] Embodiment 3: Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, a microscope illumination system comprises a condenser 1, a first light collecting lens 2, a field stop FS, a second light collecting lens 3, a second aperture stop AS2, a beam splitter 4, a collimator 51 and a fiber optic light source 52 located on a first beam splitting path of the beam splitter 4, and a lamp house focusing lens 61 and a lamp house light source 62 located on a second beam splitting path of the beam splitter 4, which are sequentially arranged from front to back along a main light path from an object side;

[0044] Among them, the condenser 1 adopts a microscope objective lens, the first light collecting lens 2 and the second light collecting lens 3 are both single lenses with positive focal length, the focal length f1 of the first light collecting lens 2 and the focal length f2 of the second light collecting lens 3 satisfy the following relationship: f2 / f1=2.9, f2=117.1mm, f1=39.7mm, the distance L between the front focus of the first light collecting lens 2 and the rear focus of the second light collecting lens 3=317.6mm, the aperture size of the second aperture diaphragm AS2 is 34.8mm, and the beam splitter element 4 adopts a 45° beam splitter.

[0045] Application scenario 5: Figure 5As shown, when the optical fiber light source 52 is used for illumination, the collimator 51 converges the divergent light emitted by the optical fiber light source 52 into a collimated light beam, and the collimated light beam passes through the 45° beam splitter and converges to the field aperture FS through the second light collecting lens 3. This position is the rear focus position of the first light collecting lens 2. Subsequently, the light passes through the first light collecting lens 2 to form a parallel light beam and enters the microscope objective lens. The microscope objective lens converges the parallel light beam and evenly irradiates the sample.

[0046] In the above process, the ratio of the beam width of the collimated light beam after the divergent light emitted by the fiber optic light source 52 passes through the collimator 51 and the beam width of the collimated light beam after passing through the second light collecting lens 3 and the first light collecting lens 2 is: f2 / f1=2.9, that is, the beam width is reduced by 2.9 times, and the lighting mode at this time is critical lighting; wherein, the collimator 51 adopts a lens group consisting of a positive lens 511 and a negative lens 512, and the fiber optic light source 52, the negative lens 512 and the positive lens 511 are distributed from back to front in the first light splitting path of the 45° beam splitter, and the focal length of the collimator 51 is 29mm, which can match the fiber optic light source 52 with a light emitting angle greater than 73 degrees, and can realize the collimation of the divergent light with a larger aperture emitted by the fiber optic light source 52 in a shorter space, and the collimated collimated light beam can fill the second aperture diaphragm AS2.

[0047] Application scenario six: Figure 6 As shown, when the lamp house light source 62 is used for illumination, the lamp house focusing lens 61 converts the collimated light emitted by the lamp house light source 62 into a convergent light beam and then enters the spectroscopic element 4. The spectroscopic element 4 emits the convergent light beam into the main light path and converges the image at the rear focus of the second light collecting lens 3. The image formed is the filament image of the lamp house light source 62. The size of the filament image in the third embodiment is 34.8 mm, and the size of the filament image matches the aperture size of the second aperture diaphragm AS2. The convergent light beam becomes a parallel light beam after passing through the second light collecting lens 3, and the parallel light beam converges to the front focus of the first light collecting lens 2 after passing through the first light collecting lens 2. Subsequently, the light continues to move forward through the microscope objective lens and is evenly transmitted to the sample surface. The lighting method at this time is Kohler illumination. Among them, the lamp house focusing lens 61 preferably adopts a single lens with a positive focal length of 200 mm, which can match the lamp house light source 62 with a larger filament size and a light output diameter greater than 20 mm.

[0048] The technical solution of embodiment three is more suitable for application scenarios in which a lamp house light source 62 with a relatively large light-emitting surface size of the internal filament is used for illumination, because the size of the second aperture diaphragm AS2 is relatively large, and more energy of the lamp house light source 62 can be collected. Corresponding to this structure, when an optical fiber light source 52 is used for illumination, in order to match the collimated light with the aperture size of the second aperture diaphragm AS2, the collimator 51 needs to have a longer focal length. Therefore, the collimator 51 is composed of a positive lens 511 and a negative lens 512, which can effectively shorten the spatial length.

[0049] Embodiment 4: Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, a microscope illumination system includes a condenser 1, a first aperture stop AS1, a first light collecting lens 2, a field stop FS, a second light collecting lens 3, a beam splitter 4, a collimator 51 and a fiber optic light source 52 located on a first beam splitting path of the beam splitter 4, and a lamp house focusing lens 61 and a lamp house light source 62 located on a second beam splitting path of the beam splitter 4, which are sequentially arranged from front to back along a main light path from an object side;

[0050] Among them, the condenser 1 adopts a microscope objective lens, the aperture size of the first aperture diaphragm AS1 is 12 mm, the first light collecting lens 2 and the second light collecting lens 3 are both single lenses with positive focal lengths, the focal length f1 of the first light collecting lens 2 and the focal length f2 of the second light collecting lens 3 satisfy the following relationship: f2 / f1=1, f2=145.9 mm, f1=145.9 mm, the distance L between the front focus of the first light collecting lens 2 and the rear focus of the second light collecting lens 3 is 587 mm, and the beam splitter 4 adopts a 45° beam splitter.

[0051] Application scenario seven: Figure 7 As shown, when the optical fiber light source 52 is used for illumination, the collimator 51 converges the divergent light emitted by the optical fiber light source 52 into a collimated light beam, and the collimated light beam passes through the 45° beam splitter and converges to the field aperture FS through the second light collecting lens 3. This position is the rear focus position of the first light collecting lens 2. Subsequently, the light passes through the first light collecting lens 2 to form a parallel light beam and enters the microscope objective lens. The microscope objective lens converges the light and evenly irradiates the sample.

[0052] In the above process, the ratio of the beam width of the collimated light beam after the divergent light emitted by the optical fiber light source 52 passes through the collimator 51 and the beam width of the collimated light beam after passing through the second light-collecting lens 3 and the first light-collecting lens 2 is: f2 / f1=1, that is, the beam width remains unchanged, and the lighting mode at this time is critical lighting; wherein, the collimator 51 adopts a non-curved lens, which can well correct the spherical aberration of the large-aperture divergent light emitted by the optical fiber light source 52, and the focal length of the collimator 51 is 10mm, which can match the optical fiber light source 52 with a light-emitting angle greater than 73 degrees.

[0053] Application scenario eight: Figure 8 As shown, when the lamp house light source 62 is used for illumination, the lamp house focusing lens 61 converts the collimated light emitted by the lamp house light source 62 into a convergent light beam and then enters the spectroscopic element 4. The spectroscopic element 4 emits the convergent light beam into the main light path and converges the image at the rear focus of the second light collecting lens 3. The image formed is the filament image of the lamp house light source 62. The size of the filament image in the first embodiment is 12 mm, and the size of the filament image matches the aperture size of the second aperture diaphragm AS2. After the filament image passes through the second light collecting lens 3, the convergent light beam becomes a parallel light beam, and the parallel light beam passes through the first light collecting lens 2 to converge the light at the front focus of the first light collecting lens 2. Subsequently, the light continues to move forward through the microscope objective lens and is evenly transmitted to the sample surface on the object side. At this time, the lighting method is Kohler lighting. Among them, the lamp house focusing lens 61 preferably adopts a single lens with a positive focal length of 150 mm, which can match the lamp house light source 62 with a light output diameter greater than 30 mm.

[0054] The technical solution of the fourth embodiment is mainly applied to the situation where the overall structure of the microscope is long, resulting in a long overall length of the illumination system.

[0055] Embodiment 5: The rest of the parts are the same as those of Embodiment 1, except that it also includes a microscope stand 7 and an illumination system housing, the illumination system housing includes a light collecting part 81, an adapter part 82, a first light splitting part 83 and a second light splitting part 84, the light collecting part 81 is fixedly connected to the microscope stand 7, the rear end of the light collecting part 81 is fixedly connected to the front end of the adapter part 82, the condenser 1 is fixedly arranged on the front end of the microscope stand 7 on the object side, the first light collecting lens 2, the field aperture FS and the second light collecting lens 3 are fixedly arranged in sequence from front to back inside the light collecting part 81, the front end of the first light splitting part 83 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the adapter part 82 by screws, the rear end of the first light splitting part 83 is provided with a first connecting cavity 831, the front end of the optical fiber light source 52 is provided with an optical fiber interface 521, and the optical fiber interface 521 is fixedly accommodated in the first connecting cavity 831;

[0056] The second light-splitting part 84 protrudes outward and is fixedly arranged on the side of the adapter part 82. The light-splitting element 4 is a 45° light-splitting mirror, which is fixedly arranged in the adapter part 82. The collimating mirror 51 is fixedly arranged in the first light-splitting part 83. The front end of the optical fiber light source 52 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the first light-splitting part 83. The lamp house focusing lens 61 is fixedly arranged in the second light-splitting part 84. The lamp house light source 62 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the second light-splitting part 84. A second connecting cavity 841 is arranged inside the outer end of the second light-splitting part 84. A shell connector 621 is arranged at the inner end of the lamp house light source 62. The shell connector 621 is fixedly accommodated in the second connecting cavity 841 by screws.

[0057] The various parts of the illumination system housing have a simple structure and are easy to install and process. The illumination system housing is particularly suitable for installation in an epifluorescence microscope, because the illumination system of the epifluorescence microscope is located at the bottom side of the microscope frame 7, and the various parts of the illumination system housing can be directly placed horizontally on the table top of the experimental observation table, and the restrictions on its shape and length are relatively small; in this embodiment five, the condenser 1 adopts a microscope objective lens, and the second aperture diaphragm AS2 is fixedly set at the rear focus of the second light collecting lens 3 in the light collecting part 81. The installation position of the first aperture diaphragm AS1 can also be reserved at different positions as needed, and the first aperture diaphragm AS1 is set at the condenser 1 The first aperture diaphragm AS1 and the second aperture diaphragm AS2 are installed at the overlapping position of the rear focus and the front focus of the first light-collecting lens 2, or at the two corresponding positions, so as to switch between them according to the actual usage scenario; a reflector is usually arranged on the microscope stand 7 to turn the light path to shorten the overall length, and the axis formed by the center of the reflector on the microscope stand 7 and the center of the condenser 1 is perpendicular to the central axis of the light-collecting part 81, and the intersection of the two axes is located on the surface of the reflector on the microscope stand 7; the light-collecting part 81 can also be set as a turning structure with a reflector inside, so as to shorten the length in a single direction and facilitate the placement of the entire lighting system housing.

Claims

1. A microscope illumination system, characterized in that It includes a condenser lens, a first condenser lens, a field stop, a second condenser lens, and a beam splitter element that are sequentially distributed from the object side along the main optical path from front to back. The beam splitter element is provided with a first optical path and a second optical path. The first condenser lens and the second condenser lens both have positive focal lengths. The front focal point of the first condenser lens coincides with the rear focal point of the condenser lens. The rear focal point of the first condenser lens and the front focal point of the second condenser lens coincide at the field stop. The focal length f1 of the first condenser lens and the focal length f2 of the second condenser lens satisfy the following relationship: 1 / 3 < f2 / f1 < 3. The rear focal point of the second condenser lens is located between the second condenser lens and the beam splitter element; On the first optical path of the beam splitter element, a collimator lens and an optical fiber light source for emitting divergent light are sequentially arranged from front to back. The collimator lens is used to converge the divergent light emitted by the optical fiber light source into a collimated beam and incident on the beam splitter element. The beam splitter element is used to emit the collimated beam onto the second condenser lens; On the second optical path of the beam splitter element, a lamp chamber focusing lens and a lamp chamber light source for emitting collimated light are sequentially arranged from front to back. The lamp chamber focusing lens is used to convert the collimated light emitted by the lamp chamber light source into a converging beam and then incident on the beam splitter element. The beam splitter element is used to emit the converging beam into the main optical path and converge and form an image at the rear focal point of the second condenser lens; The distance L between the front focal point of the first condenser lens and the rear focal point of the second condenser lens ranges from: 200 mm ≤ L ≤ 800 mm.

2. A microscope illumination system according to claim 1, characterized in that The collimator lens is a single lens with a positive focal length.

3. A microscope illumination system according to claim 1, characterized in that The collimator lens is a lens group with a positive focal length for correcting aberration.

4. A microscope illumination system according to claim 1, characterized in that The lamp chamber focusing lens is a single lens with a positive focal length.

5. A microscope illumination system according to claim 1, characterized in that A first aperture stop is provided at the coincidence position of the rear focal point of the condenser lens and the front focal point of the first condenser lens. The converging beam emitted by the lamp chamber focusing lens passes through the second condenser lens and the first condenser lens and converges and forms an image at the first aperture stop. The size of the formed image matches the aperture size of the first aperture stop. The width of the collimated beam converged by the collimator lens matches the aperture size of the first aperture stop.

6. A microscope illumination system according to claim 1, characterized in that A second aperture stop is provided at the rear focal point of the second condenser lens. The converging beam emitted by the lamp chamber focusing lens converges to form the filament image of the lamp chamber light source at the rear focal point of the second condenser lens. The size of the filament image of the lamp chamber light source matches the aperture size of the second aperture stop. The width of the collimated beam converged by the collimator lens matches the aperture size of the second aperture stop.

7. A microscope illumination system according to claim 1, characterized in that The beam splitter element is a 45° beam splitter.

8. A microscope illumination system according to claim 1, characterized in that The invention also comprises a microscope stand and an illumination system housing, wherein the illumination system housing comprises a light collecting part, an adapter part, a first light splitting part and a second light splitting part, the light collecting part is fixedly connected to the microscope stand, the rear end of the light collecting part is fixedly connected to the front end of the adapter part, the condenser is fixedly arranged at the front end of the microscope stand on the object side, the first light collecting lens, the field aperture and the second light collecting lens are fixedly arranged inside the light collecting part in sequence from front to back, the front end of the first light splitting part is fixedly connected to the rear end of the adapter part, the second light splitting part is fixedly arranged on the side of the adapter part outwardly protruding, the light splitting element is a 45° light splitting mirror, the 45° light splitting mirror is fixedly arranged in the adapter part, the collimator is fixedly arranged in the first light splitting part, the front end of the optical fiber light source is fixedly connected to the rear end of the first light splitting part, the lamp house focusing lens is fixedly arranged in the second light splitting part, and the lamp house light source is fixedly connected to the outer end of the second light splitting part.

9. A microscope illumination system according to claim 8, characterized in that A first connecting cavity is arranged inside the rear end of the first light splitting part, and a fiber optic interface is arranged at the front end of the fiber optic light source. The fiber optic interface is fixedly accommodated in the first connecting cavity.

10. A microscope illumination system according to claim 8, characterized in that The inner end of the second light splitter is integrally connected to the side of the adapter, a second connecting cavity is arranged inside the outer end of the second light splitter, a shell connecting head is arranged at the inner end of the light source of the lamp room, and the shell connecting head is fixedly accommodated in the second connecting cavity.

Images