Superplastic forming and diffusion bonding rapid die changing process

Abstract

The application provides a superplastic forming / diffusion bonding quick die changing processing method, and belongs to the technical field of plastic processing of metal materials. One or more sets of quick change die seats are used, which are movable heating furnaces. The molds are placed in the quick change die seats to realize small tonnage die closing and pressurizing and high temperature heating, replace the original superplastic forming equipment heating mode, and transfer the superplastic forming mold and the raw material preparation stage before entering the superplastic forming equipment, the mold cooling or high temperature taking-out after superplastic forming / diffusion bonding and other processes to special forming equipment, and the preheating of the forming temperature can be implemented in advance. The superplastic forming / diffusion bonding processing cycle is shortened, the production efficiency is improved, and the overall manufacturing cost of high temperature forming parts is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of plastic working of metal materials, and relates to a high-temperature plastic forming production line processing technology of light-weight difficult-to-machine materials, in particular to a superplastic forming / diffusion bonding rapid mold changing processing method, and illustrates a set of high-efficiency and low-cost production operation method of plate superplastic forming / diffusion bonding under high-temperature state. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous improvement of the requirements of new-generation high-Mach flight speed aircraft on light weight, high strength, high temperature resistance, fatigue resistance and the like, the application demand of light-weight high-efficiency heat-resistant integrated structure is increasing. Therefore, the application demand of high-strength materials such as titanium alloy, titanium aluminum compound, titanium-based composite and high-temperature alloy is also increasing. Due to the limitation of the physical properties of such materials, it is almost impossible to perform stamping plastic forming under room temperature conditions, so the high-temperature environment condition becomes one of the key process conditions for forming, which brings great challenges to the production line processing mode.

[0003] The process principle of superplastic forming is to utilize the abnormal large elongation rate characteristics of materials under specific temperature, pressure and other external conditions, so as to process a special shape profile beyond the limit. At the same time, in the process of superplastic forming, the diffusion and solid-phase reaction between the interface atoms of the surfaces of the materials in contact with each other are realized under the action of high temperature and certain pressure, that is, diffusion bonding occurs, so that the superplastic forming / diffusion bonding composite process can be realized, and a hollow integrated structure with complex structure can be obtained. The process conditions of superplastic forming and superplastic forming / diffusion bonding are more stringent. Taking titanium alloy as an example, the processing temperature of superplastic forming / diffusion bonding of C4 material is preferably 890-920℃.

[0004] The typical production line process operation flow of superplastic forming / diffusion bonding is as follows: (1) preparation of raw materials and molds; (2) superplastic forming equipment out of the lower platform; (3) mold and raw material into the lower platform; (4) lower platform with mold into superplastic forming equipment; (5) connect gas path and vacuumize; (6) superplastic forming equipment platform warming up (argon gas is introduced into the mold when the temperature is about 300-500℃); (7) high-temperature (900-1100℃) superplastic forming / diffusion bonding processing; (8) superplastic forming equipment platform and mold cooling; (9) high-temperature (500-700℃) cutting protection gas path; (10) high-temperature out of the superplastic forming equipment lower platform together with the mold; (11) mold opening high-temperature (500-700℃) taking parts and closing mold; (12) high-temperature re-entering the superplastic forming equipment lower platform; (13) superplastic forming equipment platform and mold continue to cool to room temperature; (14) again out of the superplastic forming equipment lower platform; (15) mold unloading, completing single part processing. The above-mentioned entire production flow can be repeated to process other parts.

[0005] The typical superplastic forming equipment is as follows: Figure 1 , 2, 3, as shown in the figure, is a movable superplastic forming machine with a track under the platform, wherein A is the equipment accessories, B is the overall outer frame, C is the hydraulic cylinder, D is the upper platform, E is the lower platform, F is the front furnace door, G is the outer frame, H is the guide rail, I is the side furnace door, J is the side outer frame, K is the control cabinet, L is the track, and M is the forming mold M. During processing, first place the forming mold M in the center on the lower platform E at room temperature without clamping, then connect the gas circuit and start the overall temperature and pressure rise; after reaching the process temperature, carry out pressure processing, the temperature is about 900-1100℃; after completion, the mold M cools with the platform, when the mold M cools to about 500-700℃, the lower platform E is opened and the upper mold of the mold M is opened, the part blank is taken out, after completion, the mold is restored and the lower platform E is reset to continue to cool with the furnace; until room temperature, the next set of mold is replaced. In the entire superplastic forming equipment, the furnace cavity 6 faces only the lower surface of the upper platform D and the upper surface of the lower platform E contain the heating system, the remaining four sides of the front furnace door F and the side furnace door I only contain a ceramic insulation layer, and there is no heating system, and the mold M only relies on the upper and lower surfaces for heat conduction to warm up.

[0006] Considering the heating and cooling capacity of the superplastic forming equipment, the service life of the mold M and other factors, the temperature rising and falling rate is generally 60-75℃ / h, so the temperature rising time needs to last for 12-18 hours, the part forming process only takes about 1-3 hours, and the cooling time after forming is longer than the heating time by about 18-24 hours, resulting in a single part manufacturing cycle of about 36-72 hours, and the effective part processing production efficiency is extremely low. Looking at the entire superplastic manufacturing process, the mold M temperature rising and falling process occupies the longest time of the superplastic forming equipment, the effective forming processing time accounts for less than 10%, a large amount of energy resources are wasted, and cannot be used for effective part forming manufacturing process.

[0007] With the rapid increase in the amount of high-temperature resistant materials used in future aircraft, the number of parts that need to be formed by high-temperature plastic forming processes is gradually increasing, and only by increasing the number of equipment to meet the production line capacity demand cost is extremely high, which cannot fundamentally solve the low efficiency of the equipment platform, and cannot realize batch continuous production scale effect, so it is necessary to seek a continuous and efficient high-temperature forming method to realize low-cost manufacturing. SUMMARY

[0008] In order to solve the above key technical problems, the application provides a rapid mold changing processing method for superplastic forming and diffusion bonding, which is a superplastic forming / diffusion bonding processing method based on innovative mold transfer and replacement, uses multiple movable heating furnaces instead of the original superplastic forming equipment heating mode, and transfers all processes such as the superplastic forming mold M and the raw material preparation stage before entering the superplastic forming equipment, mold cooling and high-temperature part taking after superplastic forming / diffusion bonding, and preheating at a forming temperature of 900-1100℃ to reduce the preparation process and the heating and mold cooling process before forming, thereby reducing the superplastic forming / diffusion bonding processing cycle, improving the production efficiency, and further reducing the overall manufacturing cost of high-temperature forming parts.

[0009] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:

[0010] A rapid mold changing processing method for superplastic forming and diffusion bonding, which is based on a rapid superplastic forming and diffusion bonding rapid transfer mold base and is used in cooperation with existing superplastic forming equipment, wherein the superplastic forming equipment is only used for large tonnage supplementary mold closing and pressurizing during high-pressure forming, and the rapid transfer mold base is used to realize heating and small tonnage mold closing and pressurizing, and comprises an upper cover and a lower structure.

[0011] The lower structure comprises guide columns 11, a base 12 and lower ceramic bricks 13, the base 12 is a rectangular base, a base groove is arranged in the middle of the base 12 and is used to mount the lower ceramic bricks 13, multiple slot-shaped through holes and slot-shaped blind holes are uniformly arranged on the bottom surface of the two side edges of the base 12 in the length direction, the slot-shaped through holes and the slot-shaped blind holes are coaxial and perpendicular, and a cross-shaped mounting groove is formed; the lower ceramic bricks 13 fall into the base groove and are fixed through long screws, small holes are arranged on the side surface of the lower ceramic bricks 13 near the upper surface, and the small holes are used to insert heating thermocouples to realize heating; the guide columns 11 are fixed on the upper surface of the base 12 at the center positions of the two ends, and are used to ensure the alignment of the base 12 and the upper cover.

[0012] The upper cover comprises an upper pressing plate 1, an upper ceramic tile 2, a left side wall 3, a left side ceramic tile 4, a right side wall 5, a right side ceramic tile 6, a front side wall 7, a front side ceramic tile 8, a rear side wall 9, a rear side ceramic tile 10, and a rotatable hydraulic rod 14. The upper pressing plate 1 is a rectangular plate with the same size as the base 12, which together with the left side wall 3, the right side wall 5, the front side wall 7 and the rear side wall 9 forms a hollow cover body. The inner sides of the upper pressing plate 1 and the four side walls are respectively fixed with the upper ceramic tile 2, the left side ceramic tile 4, the right side ceramic tile 6, the front side ceramic tile 8 and the rear side ceramic tile 10. Each ceramic tile is provided with a plurality of small holes on the side surface for inserting a heating thermocouple to achieve heating. The small holes are close to the surface facing the inner side of the upper cover. The outer sides of the left side wall 3 and the right side wall 5 are provided with protruding ear hole for cooperating with the guide column 11 on the base 12. The upper cover covers the lower structure, and the ceramic tiles on the inner sides of the two form an internal space for placing a forming mold M and forming a hexahedral heating mode. The height of the internal space is less than the height of the forming mold M after clamping to achieve a pressurizing effect. A gap is left between the upper cover and the lower structure after clamping for the air pipe to pass through the connection with the forming mold M to achieve the air passage of the mold M. The rotatable hydraulic rod 14 is a hydraulic telescopic rod, the upper end of which is fixed on the upper pressing plate 1. A plurality of rotatable hydraulic rods 14 are evenly distributed on the two side edges of the upper pressing plate 1 in the length direction. The lower end of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 cooperates with the cross-shaped slot on the base 12, and the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 is coaxial with the cross-shaped slot to achieve small tonnage clamping and pressurizing of the upper cover and the lower structure.

[0013] Further, the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 comprises a spherical base 141, a cylinder body 142, a telescopic rod 143, a shape joint 144 and a fixed seat 145. The cylinder body 142 and the telescopic rod 143 are integral parts with a contraction pressure maintaining function. The telescopic rod 143 is deep into the cylinder body 142. The telescopic rod 143 has a self-rotation function of 90°. The cylinder body 142 is movably connected with the spherical base 141 on the upper end through a spherical surface, so that the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 can adapt to a certain degree of angular load. The spherical base 141 is fixed on the upper pressing plate 1. The shape joint 144 is a strip-shaped block structure, which is connected with the lower end of the telescopic rod 143 through a thread, and is used for cooperating with the cross-shaped slot on the base 12. The shape joint 144 first passes through the slot-shaped through hole in the cross-shaped slot from the upper side, and then rotates 90° with the telescopic rod 143 to be clamped into the slot-shaped blind hole to realize the locking. The fixed seat 145 is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder body 142, and is used for connecting the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 with the front side wall 7 or the rear side wall 9.

[0014] Further, the base 12, the upper pressing plate 1, the left side wall 3, the right side wall 5, the front side wall 7 and the rear side wall 9 are evenly distributed with internal pipe slots which are communicated. The openings at both ends of each internal pipe slot, i.e. the pipe slot ports 15 are used for connecting the circulating cooling water to avoid the temperature inside from being transferred to the outer wall to realize the rapid conversion of the mold base for normal temperature handling and transfer.

[0015] The die changing method comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1. Perform pre-production preparation, clean the surface of the forming die M and apply a soldering inhibitor, connect the pipeline and perform airtightness test, prepare the raw material and apply a soldering inhibitor;

[0017] Step 2. Place the raw material into the forming die M at room temperature, align the mold itself with the guide pillar, and assemble it to reach the die loading state;

[0018] Step 3. Assemble the quick change die set at room temperature, as shown in Figure 7 , use a forklift or crane to move the upper cover vertically upward as a whole, open the quick change die set, and expose the lower structure; clean the upper surface of the lower ceramic tile 13 of sundries, use a forklift or crane to place the forming die M that has completed the loading preparation as a whole on the lower ceramic tile 13, vertically lower the upper cover for installation at room temperature, align and fold the assembly of the guide pillar 11 with the base 12, and expose the type joint 144 at the lower end of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 through the slot-shaped through hole of the cross-shaped slot on the base 12, rotate the telescopic rod 143 by 90° to align the type joint 144 with the slot-shaped blind hole of the cross-shaped slot, and then drive the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 to retract, so that the type joint 144 is clamped into the slot-shaped blind hole, thereby realizing the sealing and pressurization of the quick change die set to the forming die M inside it;

[0019] Step 4. The venting pipeline of the forming die M passes through the gap of the quick change die set, vacuumizes the forming die M through the venting pipeline, realizes the negative pressure state, and replaces the air inside the forming die M, and after the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 forms a stable die closing pressure; circulate cooling water in the internal pipe groove on each wall surface of the quick change die set, and the quick change die set starts to heat up, with a target temperature of 900-1100°C;

[0020] Step 5. When the temperature of the forming die M reaches 300-500°C, protective argon is introduced into the forming die M, with a gas pressure of 0.11-0.12 MPa; continue to heat up until the forming die M reaches the forming temperature of 900-1100°C.

[0021] Step 6. Use a forklift or crane to transfer the quick change die set with the forming die M to the lower platform E of the superplastic forming equipment, and place it in the center; move the lower platform E along the track L to the working position, maintain the heating temperature and circulating cooling water of the quick change die set, and move the upper platform D downward to apply pressure to the upper cover of the quick change die set, and when the downward pressure is greater than the total pressure of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14, remove the retraction pressure of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14, and the sealing pressure of the forming die M is changed to be controlled by the superplastic forming equipment as a whole;

[0022] Step 7. Set the pressure of the upper platform D of the superplastic forming equipment to be linked with the forming gas pressure in the blank, and always maintain the residual sealing pressure at 10-20 tons. The outlet of the forming die M is opened to allow exhaust. Start the superplastic forming / diffusion bonding. After the air circulation, pressure increase, pressure maintenance, and pressure decrease cycle, the blank forming process is completed. The gas path of the forming die M is again fully protected by the pressure, and the pressure is set to 0.11-0.12 MPa.

[0023] Step 8. Restore the use of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 to apply sealing die pressure to the forming die M, gradually remove the die closing pressure of the upper platform D of the superplastic forming equipment, and convert to high-temperature sealing by the quick change die holder itself. The forming die M in the quick change die holder continues to maintain the gas path protection pressure; open the upper platform D of the superplastic forming equipment and remove the lower platform E; at this time, other quick change die holders that have completed steps 1 to 5 can be placed on the lower platform E to perform steps 6 to 8, realizing continuous operation of the superplastic forming equipment and improving the efficiency of the equipment.

[0024] Step 9. The forming die M is cooled outside the superplastic forming equipment with the furnace; when the temperature drops to 500-700℃, stop the protection gas pressure of the forming die M, remove the pressure of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 of the quick change die holder, and then use a forklift or crane to open the upper cover and open the upper die of the forming die M. The formed blank is removed to another location for cooling. After the forming die M and the quick change die holder are cooled to room temperature, the blank can be replaced or the die can be replaced.

[0025] Further, the process steps of the die changing method are adjusted according to the number of quick change die holders and actual working conditions, specifically:

[0026] In some embodiments, steps 4 to 6 are replaced by:

[0027] Step 4. Use a forklift or crane to transfer the quick change die holder at room temperature together with the forming die M to the lower platform E of the superplastic forming equipment and place it in the center. Move the lower platform E back to the working position along the track L, and change the sealing pressure of the forming die M to be controlled by the superplastic forming equipment as a whole;

[0028] Step 5. The venting pipe of the forming die M passes through the gap of the quick change die holder. Vacuum is applied to the forming die M through the venting pipe to achieve a negative pressure state and replace the air inside the forming die M. The quick change die holder starts to heat up, and the target temperature is 900-1100℃.

[0029] Step 6. When the temperature of the forming die M reaches 300-500℃, introduce protective argon into the forming die M at a pressure of 0.11-0.12 MPa. Continue to heat up until the forming die M reaches a forming temperature of 900-1100℃.

[0030] In certain embodiments, steps 4 to 6 are replaced by:

[0031] Step 4. The venting pipeline of the forming die M passes through the gap of the quick-change die seat, vacuum is drawn through the venting pipeline to achieve a negative pressure state, and the air inside the forming die M is replaced, and after the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 forms a stable clamping pressure; circulating cooling water is introduced into the internal pipe groove on each wall surface of the quick-change die seat, and the quick-change die seat starts to heat up, with a target temperature of 900-1100°C;

[0032] Step 5. When the temperature of the forming die M reaches 300-500°C, protective argon is introduced into the forming die M, with a pressure of 0.11-0.12 MPa.

[0033] Step 6. The forklift or crane is used to transfer the quick-change die seat heated to 300-500°C together with the forming die M to the lower platform E of the superplastic forming equipment and place it in the center; the lower platform E is opened back to the working position along the track L, the heating temperature of the quick-change die seat and the circulating cooling water are maintained, the upper platform D moves downward to exert pressure on the upper cover of the quick-change die seat, and when the downward pressure is greater than the total pressure of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14, the contraction pressure of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 is removed, and the sealing pressure of the forming die M is changed to be controlled by the superplastic forming equipment as a whole; the quick-change die seat continues to heat up until the forming die M reaches a forming temperature of 900-1100°C.

[0034] In certain embodiments, steps 8 to 9 are replaced by:

[0035] Step 8. The rotatable hydraulic rod 14 is used to apply sealing clamping pressure to the forming die M, and the clamping pressure of the upper platform D of the superplastic forming equipment is gradually removed, and the high-temperature sealing is performed by the quick-change die seat itself, and the forming die M in the quick-change die seat continues to maintain the gas pressure of the gas circuit; the forming die M together with the quick-change die seat is cooled to 500-700°C in the superplastic forming equipment, the upper platform D of the superplastic forming equipment is opened, and the lower platform E is removed.

[0036] Step 9. The protective gas pressure of the forming die M is stopped, the pressure of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 of the quick-change die seat is removed, and the forklift or crane is used to open the upper cover and the upper die of the forming die M, and the formed raw material is taken out to another location for cooling. After the forming die M and the quick-change die seat are cooled to room temperature, the raw material replacement or die replacement can be performed.

[0037] In certain embodiments, steps 8 to 9 are replaced by:

[0038] Step 8. The sealing die pressure of the forming die M is applied by the rotatable hydraulic rod 14, the die closing pressure of the superplastic forming equipment platform D is gradually removed, the high temperature sealing is converted by the quick change die holder itself, the forming die M in the quick change die holder continues to maintain the air protection pressure; the forming die M together with the quick change die holder is cooled to 500-700 DEG C in the superplastic forming equipment, the protection pressure of the forming die M is stopped, and the pressure of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 of the quick change die holder is removed.

[0039] Step 9. The forming die M together with the quick change die holder is cooled to room temperature in the superplastic forming equipment, the superplastic forming equipment platform D is opened and the lower platform E is removed, then the forklift or crane is used to open the upper cover, the upper die of the forming die M is opened, the formed part blank is taken out, and the blank replacement or die replacement is carried out.

[0040] Further, the superplastic forming equipment in the die changing processing method can be replaced by a general hydraulic press, that is, it can be used for room temperature stamping forming production line processing.

[0041] The effects and benefits of the present application are:

[0042] By using the new technology, the superplastic forming / diffusion bonding integrated production process is shortened. The integral movable heating furnace (quick change die holder) with self-heating function is used to replace the original large superplastic forming equipment heating, and the heating efficiency is greatly improved by the designed 6-face heating mode, which can effectively shorten the heating period. The quick change die holder is used to preheat all the dies, which directly saves the time of heating the dies in the equipment. The integral lifting and moving function avoids the blank preparation and air path connection debugging links, and comprehensively realizes the quick replacement of the superplastic forming die M and the overall improvement of the production efficiency. Further, for the same equipment, the heating and temperature holding functions are simplified, and multiple quick change die holders are provided. The blank and die preparation, heating and air path connection debugging of multiple dies are completed in advance, so that multiple forming dies M can be quickly replaced in high temperature state, the equipment can be continuously produced, and the single production energy consumption is reduced. After continuous batch processing, the manufacturing cost of single part is also greatly reduced, which has strong popularization value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 : The overall structure of the superplastic forming equipment is shown in the figure;

[0044] Figure 2 : The front furnace door opening work of the superplastic forming equipment is shown in the figure;

[0045] Figure 3 : The front furnace door opening front view of the superplastic forming equipment is shown in the figure;

[0046] Figure 4 : The structure of the quick change die holder is shown in the figure;

[0047] Figure 5 : the structure diagram of the upper cover of the quick conversion mold base;

[0048] Figure 6 : the structure diagram of the internal structure of the upper cover of the quick conversion mold base;

[0049] Figure 7 : the structure diagram of the lower structure of the quick conversion mold base;

[0050] Figure 8 : the pre-assembly diagram of the forming mold M;

[0051] Figure 9 : the assembly diagram of the quick conversion mold base;

[0052] Figure 10 : the locking diagram of the rotatable hydraulic rod;

[0053] Figure 11 : the structure diagram of the rotatable hydraulic rod;

[0054] Figure 12 : the assembly diagram of the quick conversion mold base;

[0055] Figure 13 : the installation diagram of the quick conversion mold base in the superplastic forming equipment;

[0056] Figure 14 : the use diagram of the quick conversion mold base in the simple press equipment;

[0057] In the figure: 1 upper pressing plate; 2 upper ceramic tile; 3 left side wall; 4 left side ceramic tile; 5 right side wall; 6 right side ceramic tile; 7 front side wall; 8 front side ceramic tile; 9 rear side wall; 10 rear side ceramic tile; 11 guide column; 12 base; 13 lower ceramic tile; 14 rotatable hydraulic rod; 15 pipe groove port; 141 spherical base; 142 cylinder body; 143 telescopic rod; 144 shape joint; 145 fixed seat; A equipment accessory; B overall outer frame; C hydraulic cylinder; D upper platform; E lower platform; F front furnace door; G outer frame; H guide rail; I side furnace door; J side outer frame; K control cabinet; L track; M forming mold. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The technical solutions of the present application will be described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments improved or adjusted by those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0059] Embodiment 1

[0060] The application discloses a rapid mold changing processing method for superplastic forming diffusion connection, which is based on a rapid superplastic forming diffusion connection rapid conversion mold base and is used in cooperation with existing superplastic forming equipment, wherein the superplastic forming equipment is only used for large-tonnage supplementary mold pressing in high-pressure forming, and the rapid conversion mold base comprises an upper cover and a lower structure as shown in the figure. Figure 4

[0061] As shown in the figure, Figure 7 The lower structure comprises guide columns 11, a base 12 and lower ceramic bricks 13, the base 12 is a rectangular base, a base groove is arranged in the middle of the base 12 and is used for mounting a lower ceramic brick 13, three groove-shaped through holes and groove-shaped blind holes are uniformly arranged on the bottom surface of the length direction two side edges of the base 12, the groove-shaped through holes and the groove-shaped blind holes are coaxial and perpendicular, and a cross-shaped mounting groove is formed as shown in the figure. Figure 10 Eight lower ceramic bricks 13 are mounted, four lower ceramic bricks 13 are arranged in each row, are assembled and then fall into the base groove, and are fixed through long screws, small holes are arranged on the side surface of the lower ceramic brick 13 near the upper surface and are used for inserting heating thermocouples in parallel, the guide columns 11 are fixed on the upper surface of the base 12 at the center positions of the two ends and are used for ensuring that the base 12 is aligned with the upper cover.

[0062] As shown in the figure, Figure 5 and Figure 6 ​As shown, the upper cover includes upper pressing plate 1, upper ceramic tile 2, left side wall 3, left side ceramic tile 4, right side wall 5, right side ceramic tile 6, front side wall 7, front side ceramic tile 8, rear side wall 9, rear side ceramic tile 10, rotatable hydraulic rod 14. The upper pressing plate 1 is a rectangular plate of the same size as the base 12, which surrounds the hollow cover body with the left side wall 3, the right side wall 5, the front side wall 7 and the rear side wall 9, 8 upper ceramic tiles 2 are assembled and fixed on the bottom surface of the upper pressing plate 1 by screws, the upper ceramic tiles 2 and the lower ceramic tiles 13 are assembled in the same way, the left side ceramic tiles 4 and the right side ceramic tiles 6 are respectively provided with 4, which are assembled in two rows and two rows respectively, and are fixed on the inner side wall surface of the left side wall 3 and the right side wall 5 by screws, the front side ceramic tile 8 and the rear side ceramic tile 10 are respectively provided with 3, which are assembled side by side, and are fixed on the inner side wall surface of the front side wall 7 and the rear side wall 9 by screws, and each ceramic tile side is provided with a plurality of small holes for inserting heating couple to realize heating, and the small holes are close to the surface facing the inner side of the upper cover, the outer side of the left side wall 3 and the right side wall 5 is provided with a protruding ear hole for cooperating with the guide column 11 on the base 12, the upper cover covers the lower structure, and the ceramic tiles on the inner side of the two form an internal space for placing the forming mold M and forming a hexahedral heating mode, the height of the internal space is less than the height of the forming mold M after clamping to realize the effect of pressure, and a gap is left between the upper cover and the lower structure after clamping for the air pipe to pass through the connection with the forming mold M to realize the ventilation of the mold M; the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 is a hydraulic telescopic rod, the upper end of which is fixed on the upper pressing plate 1, the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 is provided with 6, which are uniformly distributed on the length direction of the two side edges of the upper pressing plate 1, the lower end of which cooperates with the cross slot on the base 12, and the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 is coaxial with the cross slot, which is used to realize the small tonnage clamping and pressing of the upper cover and the lower structure.

[0063] As shown in the figure, Figure 11 The rotatable hydraulic rod 14 includes a spherical base 141, a cylinder body 142, a telescopic rod 143, a shape joint 144 and a fixed seat 145. The cylinder body 142 and the telescopic rod 143 are integral parts with contraction and pressure maintaining functions. The telescopic rod 143 is deep into the cylinder body 142, and has a self-rotating 90° function. The upper end of the cylinder body 142 is movably connected with the spherical base 141 through a spherical surface, so that the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 can adapt to a certain degree of angular load. The spherical base 141 is fixed on the upper pressing plate 1. The shape joint 144 is a strip-shaped block structure, which is connected with the lower end of the telescopic rod 143 through threads, and is used to cooperate with the cross slot on the base 12. The shape joint 144 first passes through the slot-shaped through hole in the cross slot from the top, and then rotates 90° with the telescopic rod 143 to be clamped into the slot-shaped blind hole to realize the lock. The fixed seat 145 is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder body 142, and is used to connect the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 with the front side wall 7 or the rear side wall 9.

[0064] The base 12, the upper pressing plate 1, the left side wall 3, the right side wall 5, the front side wall 7 and the rear side wall 9 are uniformly provided with communicated internal pipe grooves, and the openings at both ends of each internal pipe groove, i.e. the pipe groove ports 15 are used for connecting circulating cooling water, avoiding the internal heating temperature from being transmitted to the outer wall, so as to realize the normal temperature carrying and transferring of the quick conversion mold base.

[0065] The mold changing processing method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0066] 1. Production preparation, cleaning the surface of the forming mold M and coating the stop solder, connecting the pipeline and carrying out the air tightness test, preparing the raw material and coating the stop solder;

[0067] 2. The raw material is placed in the forming mold M at room temperature, the mold itself is aligned and assembled, and the mold is used in the state of being assembled;

[0068] 3. Assemble the quick conversion mold base at room temperature, use the crane to vertically move the upper cover as a whole, open the quick conversion mold base, expose the lower structure, as shown in Figure 7 Clean the upper surface of the lower ceramic tile 13, use the crane to place the forming mold M which is prepared for loading as a whole on the lower ceramic tile 13, as shown in Figure 8 , at room temperature, use the crane to vertically place the upper cover, as shown in Figure 9 , align and assemble the guide column 11 with the base 12, the type joint 144 at the lower end of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 is exposed after passing through the slot-shaped through hole of the cross-shaped mounting groove on the base 12, the extension rod 143 is rotated by 90° to make the type joint 144 align with the slot-shaped blind hole of the cross-shaped mounting groove, then the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 is driven to retract, the type joint 144 is clamped into the slot-shaped blind hole, so as to realize the sealing and pressurizing of the forming mold M in the quick conversion mold base, as shown in Figure 12 ;

[0069] 4. The air vent pipeline of the forming mold M passes through the gap of the quick conversion mold base, the forming mold M is vacuumized through the air vent pipeline, realizes the negative pressure state, and replaces the air in the forming mold M, after the stable mold closing pressure of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 is formed; the circulating cooling water is introduced into the internal pipe grooves on the wall surfaces of the quick conversion mold base, the quick conversion mold base starts to heat, and the target temperature is 900-1100℃.

[0070] 5. When the temperature of the forming mold M reaches 300-500℃, the protective argon is introduced into the forming mold M, and the air pressure is 0.11-0.12MPa; continue to heat until the forming mold M reaches the forming temperature of 900-1100℃.

[0071] 6. Use a forklift or crane to transfer the temperature-raised quick-change die set along with the forming die M to the lower platform E of the superplastic forming device and place it in the center; open the lower platform E along the track L to the working position, maintain the quick-change die set heating temperature and circulating cooling water, move the upper platform D downward to apply pressure to the quick-change die set upper cover, when the downward pressure is greater than the total pressure of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14, remove the contraction pressure of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14, and the sealing pressure of the forming die M is changed to be controlled by the superplastic forming device as a whole;

[0072] 7. Set the upper platform D downward pressure of the superplastic forming device in linkage control with the forming gas pressure in the blank, always maintain a residual sealing pressure of 10-20 tons, release the forming die M gas path outlet to allow exhaust, start superplastic forming / diffusion bonding, after the air circulation pressure-raising-holding-pressure-reducing cycle process, the blank forming process is completed, the forming die M gas path is again changed to protective gas pressure, and the pressure is set to 0.11-0.12 MPa;

[0073] 8. Restore the use of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 to apply sealing die pressure to the forming die M, gradually remove the die closing pressure of the upper platform D of the superplastic forming device downward, and the quick-change die set itself performs high-temperature sealing, the forming die M in the quick-change die set continues to maintain the gas path protective gas pressure; open the upper platform D of the superplastic forming device and move the lower platform E; at this time, other quick-change die sets completed steps 1 to 5 can be placed on the lower platform E to perform steps 6 to 8, realize continuous operation of the superplastic forming device, and improve the efficiency of the device, as shown in Figure 13

[0074] 9. The forming die M is cooled outside the superplastic forming device; when the temperature drops to 500-700°C, stop the protective gas pressure of the forming die M, remove the pressure of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 of the quick-change die set, and then use a forklift or crane to open the upper cover and open the upper die of the forming die M to take out the formed part blank to other location for cooling. After the forming die M and the quick-change die set are cooled to room temperature, the blank replacement or die replacement can be performed.

[0075] In other embodiments, the superplastic forming device is replaced by a simple press device, such as a common hydraulic press, as shown in Figure 14

[0076] Example 2

[0077] This embodiment is for the case where the quick-change die set has only one, and the difference between the die changing method in this embodiment and that in example 1 is:

[0078] Replace steps 4 to 6 with:

[0079] ​​Step 4. Use a forklift or crane to transfer the quick-change die set at room temperature together with the forming die M to the lower platform E of the superplastic forming device, and place it in the center; open the lower platform E along the track L to the working position, and change the sealing pressure of the forming die M to be controlled by the superplastic forming device as a whole;

[0080] Step 5. The venting pipeline of the forming die M passes through the gap of the quick-change die set, vacuum is drawn through the venting pipeline to achieve a negative pressure state and replace the air inside the forming die M; the quick-change die set starts to heat up, and the target temperature is 900-1100℃;

[0081] Step 6. When the temperature of the forming die M reaches 300-500℃, protective argon is introduced into the forming die M, and the gas pressure is 0.11-0.12 MPa; continue to heat up until the forming die M reaches the forming temperature of 900-1100℃.

[0082] Meanwhile, steps 8 to 9 are replaced by:

[0083] Step 8. Resume applying the sealing die closing pressure to the forming die M by the rotatable hydraulic rod 14, gradually remove the die closing pressure of the upper platform D of the superplastic forming device downward, and change to high-temperature sealing by the quick-change die set itself; the forming die M continues to maintain the gas pressure in the quick-change die set; the forming die M and the quick-change die set are cooled to 500-700℃ in the superplastic forming device, the protective gas pressure of the forming die M is stopped, and the pressure of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 of the quick-change die set is removed.

[0084] Step 9. The forming die M and the quick-change die set are cooled to room temperature in the superplastic forming device, the upper platform D of the superplastic forming device is opened, the lower platform E is removed, the upper cover is opened using a forklift or crane, the upper die of the forming die M is opened, and the formed raw material is taken out for raw material replacement or die replacement.

[0085] Example 3

[0086] This example is for some working conditions, and the difference between the die changing method in this example and example 1 is:

[0087] Steps 4 to 6 are replaced by:

[0088] Step 4. The venting pipeline of the forming die M passes through the gap of the quick-change die set, vacuum is drawn through the venting pipeline to achieve a negative pressure state and replace the air inside the forming die M, and after the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 forms a stable die closing pressure; circulating cooling water is introduced into the internal pipe groove on each wall surface of the quick-change die set, the quick-change die set starts to heat up, and the target temperature is 900-1100℃;

[0089] Step 5. When the temperature of the forming die M reaches 300-500°C, protective argon is introduced into the forming die M, and the gas pressure is 0.11-0.12 MPa.

[0090] Step 6. The rapid conversion die set heated to 300-500°C is transferred to the lower platform E of the superplastic forming device together with the forming die M using a forklift or a crane, and is placed in the center; the lower platform E is moved back to the working position along the track L, the heating temperature and the circulating cooling water of the rapid conversion die set are maintained, the upper platform D is moved downward to apply pressure to the upper cover of the rapid conversion die set, when the downward pressure is greater than the total pressure of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14, the contraction pressure of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 is removed, and the sealing pressure of the forming die M is changed to be controlled by the superplastic forming device as a whole; the rapid conversion die set continues to be heated until the forming die M reaches the forming temperature of 900-1100°C.

[0091] Meanwhile, steps 8 to 9 are replaced by:

[0092] Step 8. The rotatable hydraulic rod 14 is used to apply sealing die pressure to the forming die M, and the downward die closing pressure of the upper platform D of the superplastic forming device is gradually removed, and the high-temperature sealing is performed by the rapid conversion die set itself, the forming die M in the rapid conversion die set continues to maintain the gas pressure of the protection gas circuit; the forming die M together with the rapid conversion die set is cooled to 500-700°C in the superplastic forming device, the upper platform D of the superplastic forming device is opened and the lower platform E is removed.

[0093] Step 9. The protective gas pressure of the forming die M is stopped, the pressure of the rotatable hydraulic rod 14 of the rapid conversion die set is removed, and the upper cover is opened using a forklift or a crane, the upper die of the forming die M is opened, the formed part blank is taken out to another position for cooling, and after the forming die M and the rapid conversion die set are cooled to room temperature, the blank replacement or die replacement can be performed.

Claims

1. A rapid mold-changing processing method for superplastic diffusion bonding, characterized in that, The rapid mold change processing method is based on rapid superplastic forming diffusion bonding rapid mold change base, and is used in conjunction with existing superplastic forming equipment. The rapid mold change base is used to realize heating and small-tonnage mold closing and pressurization. The rapid mold change processing method includes the following steps: Step 1. Prepare for production by cleaning the surface of the forming mold (M) and applying anti-weld agent, connecting the pipeline and conducting an airtightness test, and preparing the raw material and applying anti-weld agent. Step 2. Place the raw material into the forming mold (M) at room temperature and assemble the mold; Step 3. Assemble the quick-change mold base at room temperature, place the fully loaded forming mold (M) in the center inside the quick-change mold base, and seal and pressurize the forming mold (M) inside the quick-change mold base; Step 4. Vacuum the forming mold (M) through the ventilation pipe to achieve a negative pressure state and replace the air inside the forming mold (M). After the mold base is quickly converted to form a stable mold closing pressure, start heating. Step 5. When the temperature of the forming mold (M) reaches 300℃~500℃, introduce protective argon gas into the forming mold (M) at a pressure of 0.11-0.12MPa; continue to heat up until the forming mold (M) reaches the forming temperature of 900℃~1100℃; Step 6. Transfer the heated quick-change mold base along with the forming mold (M) to the lower platform (E) of the superplastic forming equipment and place it in the center; move the lower platform (E) back to the working position along the track (L), maintain the heating temperature of the quick-change mold base, move the upper platform (D) downward to apply pressure to the quick-change mold base, and after the lower pressure is greater than the pressure of the rotatable hydraulic rod (14), release the pressure of the rotatable hydraulic rod (14), and change the sealing pressure of the forming mold (M) to be controlled by the superplastic forming equipment as a whole; Step 7. Set the pressure of the upper platform (D) of the superplastic forming equipment to be linked with the forming air pressure in the blank, and always maintain the remaining sealing pressure of 10-20 tons. Allow the forming mold (M) to vent, start superplastic forming / diffusion connection, and after the air pressure increase-pressure holding-pressure reduction cycle process, the blank forming process is completed. The air circuit of the forming mold (M) is changed to the protection air pressure again, and the pressure is set to 0.11-0.12MPa. Step 8. Resume using the rotatable hydraulic rod (14) to apply sealing and closing pressure to the forming mold (M), gradually remove the downward closing pressure of the superplastic forming equipment upper platform (D), and switch to high-temperature sealing by the quick-change mold base itself. The forming mold (M) in the quick-change mold base continues to maintain the air circuit protection air pressure; open the superplastic forming equipment upper platform (D) and move it out of the lower platform (E); place other quick-change mold bases that have completed steps 1 to 5 on the lower platform (E), and proceed to steps 6 to 8 to achieve continuous operation of the superplastic forming equipment; Step 9. The molding die (M) is cooled outside the superplastic forming equipment along with the furnace; when the temperature drops to 500℃~700℃, the protective air pressure of the molding die (M) is stopped, the pressure of the quick change mold base is released, the superplastic forming equipment is opened, and then the upper mold of the molding die (M) is opened. The molded part blank is taken out and cooled in other places. After the molding die (M) and the quick change mold base have cooled to room temperature, the blank or the die is replaced.

2. The rapid mold-changing processing method for superplastic forming diffusion bonding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quick-change mold base includes an upper cover and a lower structure; The lower structure includes a guide post (11), a base (12), and a lower ceramic tile (13). The base (12) is a rectangular base with a base groove in the middle. Multiple slotted through holes and slotted blind holes are evenly provided on the bottom surface of the two sides along the length direction of the base (12). The slotted through holes and slotted blind holes are coaxial and perpendicular to each other, forming a cross-shaped groove. The lower ceramic tile (13) is fixed in the base groove. Several small holes are provided on the side of the lower ceramic tile (13) near the upper surface for inserting heating couplers to achieve heating. The guide post (11) is fixed at the center of both ends of the upper surface of the base (12) to ensure that the base (12) is aligned with the upper cover. The upper cover includes an upper pressure plate (1), an upper ceramic brick (2), a left side wall (3), a left side ceramic brick (4), a right side wall (5), a right side ceramic brick (6), a front side wall (7), a front side ceramic brick (8), a rear side wall (9), a rear side ceramic brick (10), and a rotatable hydraulic rod (14). The upper pressure plate (1) is a rectangular plate of the same size as the base (12), which together with the left side wall (3), the right side wall (5), the front side wall (7), and the rear side wall (9) form a hollow cover. The upper pressure plate (1) and the inner sides of the four side walls are respectively fixed with the upper ceramic brick (2), the left side ceramic brick (4), the right side ceramic brick (6), the front side ceramic brick (8), and the rear side ceramic brick (10). Each ceramic brick has several small holes on its side for inserting a heating coupler to achieve heating. The small holes are close to the surface facing the inside of the upper cover. The left side wall (3) and the right side wall (5) are on the outside. The side is provided with a protruding ear hole for cooperating with the guide post (11) on the base (12). The upper cover covers the lower structure. The internal space formed by the ceramic bricks on the inner side of the two is used to place the forming mold (M) and form a hexahedral heating method. The height of the internal space is less than the height of the forming mold (M) after mold closing, so as to achieve the pressure effect. After mold closing, there is a gap between the upper cover and the lower structure for the ventilation pipe to pass through and connect to the forming mold (M) to realize the ventilation of the mold (M). The rotatable hydraulic rod (14) is a hydraulic telescopic rod. Its upper end is fixed on the upper pressure plate (1). There are multiple rotatable hydraulic rods (14) and they are evenly distributed on both sides of the length direction of the upper pressure plate (1). Its lower end cooperates with the cross groove on the base (12). The rotatable hydraulic rod (14) is coaxial with the cross groove and is used to realize the small tonnage mold closing pressure of the upper cover and the lower structure.

3. The rapid mold-changing processing method for superplastic forming diffusion bonding according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotatable hydraulic rod (14) includes a spherical base (141), a cylinder (142), a telescopic rod (143), a U-shaped connector (144), and a fixed seat (145). The cylinder (142) and the telescopic rod (143) are integral parts with a shrinkage and pressure-holding function. The telescopic rod (143) is located below and extends into the cylinder (142), and the telescopic rod (143) has a self-rotation function of 90°. The upper end of the cylinder (142) is movably connected to the spherical base (141) through a spherical surface, so that the rotatable hydraulic rod (14) can adapt to a certain degree of angle. The spherical base (141) is fixed on the upper pressure plate (1) under the bias load. The shaped connector (144) is a strip-shaped block structure that is threaded to the lower end of the telescopic rod (143) and is used to cooperate with the cross groove on the base (12). The shaped connector (144) first passes through the groove-shaped through hole in the cross groove from above, and then rotates 90° with the telescopic rod (143) to lock into the groove-shaped blind hole. The fixed seat (145) is set on the outer wall of the cylinder (142) and is used to connect the rotatable hydraulic rod (14) to the front side wall (7) or the rear side wall (9).

4. The rapid mold-changing processing method for superplastic forming diffusion bonding according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base (12), upper pressure plate (1), left side wall (3), right side wall (5), front side wall (7) and rear side wall (9) are all equipped with interconnected internal pipe grooves. The openings at both ends of each internal pipe groove, i.e. the pipe groove port (15), are used to connect circulating cooling water to realize the room temperature transport and transfer of the mold base for quick conversion.

5. The rapid mold-changing processing method for superplastic forming diffusion bonding according to claim 1, characterized in that, Replace steps 4 to 6 with: Step 4. Transfer the room temperature quick-change mold base along with the forming mold (M) to the lower platform (E) of the superplastic forming equipment and place it in the center; move the lower platform (E) back to the working position along the track (L), and change the sealing pressure of the forming mold (M) to be controlled by the superplastic forming equipment as a whole; Step 5: The ventilation pipe of the forming mold (M) is used to evacuate the forming mold (M) to achieve a negative pressure state and replace the air inside the forming mold (M); the mold base is quickly switched to start heating. Step 6. When the temperature of the forming mold (M) reaches 300℃~500℃, introduce protective argon gas into the forming mold (M) at a pressure of 0.11-0.12MPa; continue to heat up until the forming mold (M) reaches the forming temperature of 900℃~1100℃.

6. The rapid mold-changing processing method for superplastic forming diffusion bonding according to claim 1, characterized in that, Replace steps 4 to 6 with: Step 4. Vacuum the forming mold (M) through the ventilation pipe to achieve a negative pressure state and replace the air inside the forming mold (M). After the mold base is quickly converted to form a stable mold closing pressure, start heating. Step 5. When the temperature of the forming mold (M) reaches 300℃~500℃, introduce protective argon gas into the forming mold (M) at a pressure of 0.11-0.12MPa; Step 6. Transfer the quick-change mold base, heated to 300℃~500℃, along with the forming mold (M), to the lower platform (E) of the superplastic forming equipment and place it in the center; move the lower platform (E) back to the working position along the track (L), and move the upper platform (D) downward to apply pressure to the upper cover of the quick-change mold base. After the lower pressure is greater than the total pressure of the quick-change mold base, release the pressure of the quick-change mold base, and the sealing pressure of the forming mold (M) is now controlled by the superplastic forming equipment; continue to heat the quick-change mold base until the forming mold (M) reaches the forming temperature of 900℃~1100℃.

7. The rapid mold-changing processing method for superplastic forming diffusion bonding according to claim 1, characterized in that, Replace steps 8 to 9 with: Step 8. Resume the use of the quick-change mold holder to apply sealing and closing pressure to the forming mold (M), gradually remove the downward closing pressure from the upper platform (D) of the superplastic forming equipment, and let the quick-change mold holder itself perform high-temperature sealing. The forming mold (M) in the quick-change mold holder continues to maintain the air circuit protection air pressure; the forming mold (M) together with the quick-change mold holder is cooled to 500℃~700℃ in the superplastic forming equipment, the upper platform (D) of the superplastic forming equipment is opened and the lower platform (E) is removed. Step 9. Stop the protective air pressure of the forming mold (M), release the pressure of the quick change mold base, open the quick change mold base and then open the upper mold of the forming mold (M), take out the formed part blank and cool it in another location. After the forming mold (M) and the quick change mold base have cooled to room temperature, change the blank or change the mold.

8. The rapid mold-changing processing method for superplastic forming diffusion bonding according to claim 1, characterized in that, Replace steps 8 to 9 with: Step 8. Resume the use of the quick-change mold base to apply sealing and closing pressure to the forming mold (M), gradually remove the downward closing pressure of the platform (D) on the superplastic forming equipment, and let the quick-change mold base itself perform high-temperature sealing. The forming mold (M) in the quick-change mold base continues to maintain the air circuit protection air pressure; the forming mold (M) together with the quick-change mold base is cooled to 500℃~700℃ in the superplastic forming equipment, the protection air pressure of the forming mold (M) is stopped, and the pressure of the quick-change mold base is released. Step 9. Cool the molding die (M) and quick-change mold base to room temperature in the superplastic forming equipment. Open the upper platform (D) of the superplastic forming equipment and remove the lower platform (E). Open the quick-change mold base and then open the upper mold of the molding die (M). Take out the formed part blank and replace the blank or the mold.

9. The rapid mold-changing processing method for superplastic forming diffusion bonding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The superplastic forming equipment in the aforementioned mold-changing processing method is replaced with a conventional hydraulic press.

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