A typical structure single or double strip mechanical test device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a refined structural mechanics test technology and device for slope (slide) blocks of accumulation layers. The device can reveal the anti-sliding instability law and deformation performance of common structural types of accumulation layer slopes, and promote the improvement of the monitoring and early warning level of such landslide disasters. The present invention sets a model trough, and the load system and the measurement system realize the block management and mutual coordination of different action units. The model trough can produce accumulation layer slope blocks with different layered structural types and water content states, and the partition is added to realize the switching of single / double blocks, which can intuitively obtain the relationship between the force, anti-sliding effect and deformation between the blocks. The force application panel of the load system is equipped with multiple groups of motor settings to realize multi-directional and multi-point controllable continuous force application on the simulated accumulation body, which is conducive to simulating the stress changes in the actual slope instability process. The measurement system innovatively uses a variety of internal monitoring equipment to cooperate with external instruments to conduct comprehensive and multi-angle numerical collection, which is convenient for further data analysis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a simulation experiment device, in particular to a single-strip or double-strip mechanical test device with a typical structure. Background Art

[0002] At present, there is a lack of experimental technology and equipment that can be used to study the macroscopic mechanical laws of the accumulation layer slope in detail. This problem is reflected in the fact that the existing simulation devices have multiple shortcomings: first, the existing devices mostly simulate the overall structure of the accumulation body, do not make or do not design the layered and separated type for the observation of the slope accumulation body, and do not observe the slope accumulation body in layers and strips (such as CN216411286U, a landslide simulation test device; CN101839714A, a landslide simulation experimental device), and cannot simulate the layered structural characteristics of various media and the changes in the composition characteristics of the materials between and within the layers in different directions; secondly, the existing devices mostly observe the deformation of the slope accumulation body through cameras and external measuring instruments, lacking data that can reflect intuitive mechanical characteristics from multiple angles, greatly increasing the difficulty of data processing and analysis, and reducing the efficiency of related research. The difference in inter-strip forces at different depths has not been taken into account, and the panel segments that apply the side inter-strip forces and the corresponding segments of the servo sensor have not been separated (such as CN216560584U, a landslide simulation test box).

[0003] In general, the existing simulation devices are characterized by uneven internal physical properties, non-inclusion of stratification and blocking conditions, and no consideration of various media conditions in the design of slope deposits; in terms of force control, the variable control is inaccurate, the control precision of mechanical parameters is low, the controllability and uniformity of the internal parameters of the strips and blocks are poor, and independent control of the forces between the side strips at different depths cannot be achieved; in terms of data measurement, it can be seen that the types of collected data are not diverse, the data structure is imperfect, and mutual verification between multiple data cannot be achieved, resulting in reduced data reliability. Excessive reliance on later numerical simulations increases the manpower and time costs required for research.

[0004] The present invention can be applied to quantitatively explore the relevant laws of the changes in the anti-slip and pro-slip distribution of the slope strips of the accumulation layer under the action of different internal and external factors. Through the generating device (embodied as a model tank in the present invention), a model of the slope strips of the accumulation layer with different layered geometric structure characteristics, material composition and mechanical properties in the layer is simulated and constructed in the laboratory, and the entire process from deformation to instability and destruction of the slope strips of the accumulation layer with different layered structure types under different forces and water content conditions is simulated. In addition to the traditional generating device, the present invention analyzes the differences in the anti-slip and pro-slip distribution states of the slope strips of the accumulation layer due to different layered structure characteristics and inter-layer and intra-layer material composition characteristics, quantitatively studies the changing characteristics of the anti-slip effect of different structural strips under different forces and water content conditions, reveals the anti-slip instability laws of the slopes of the accumulation layer with common structural types and their deformation performance, and promotes the improvement of the monitoring and early warning level of such landslide disasters. It can play a key role in solving these problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a mechanical test device for a typical structure of a single or double strip. The present invention simulates and constructs a model of a slope strip of an accumulation layer with different layered structure characteristics, material composition, mechanical properties, and interlayer and intralayer material composition in the laboratory, simulating the entire process from deformation to instability and destruction of slope strips of accumulation layers of different layered structure types under different stress states. By further improving the simulated environment and further enriching the data collection, the present invention is easier to set internal and external factors such as strip material composition and structure, mechanical properties, water content, and force than traditional test devices, so as to analyze the changes in the anti-slip distribution and its relationship with deformation at various locations, and realize the experimental study of the factors affecting the anti-slip state of typical structural strips under different inter-strip forces and water contents and the anti-slip action law of deformation. The present invention can be used to explore the quantitative exploration of the relevant laws of the changes in the anti-slip and pro-slip distribution of slope strips of accumulation layers under the action of different internal and external factors.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a typical structure single or double strip mechanical test device, including a model slot, a load system and a measurement system, the model slot includes a strip model slot frame, a slot bottom plate, an observation glass and a detachable partition, characterized in that: the strip model slot frame includes a support frame and a servo motor frame, the support frame is a steel frame fixing structure at the bottom of the slot, the servo motor frame is a transverse steel plate, the slot bottom plate includes a bedrock-like steel plate and an angle adjustment bolt, one side of the bedrock-like steel plate is connected to the support frame by a hinge; the other side of the bedrock-like steel plate is fitted with the support frame but not connected, and is connected to the angle adjustment bolt; the angle adjustment bolt passes through the servo motor frame on one side and passes through the strip model slot frame, through the angle The adjusting bolt adjusts the inclination angle of the imitation bedrock steel plate; an observation glass is arranged on the front side of the servo motor frame; a removable partition is arranged on the long side of the model slot; the load system includes a servo motor, a servo sensor and a force panel; the servo motor is close to the force panel and is arranged regularly according to the different sections of the slope blocks of the accumulation layer, the servo motor pushes the force panel to extend or retract, and the servo motor and the servo motor frame are placed in the same structural position; the servo sensor and the servo motor frame are set separately in sections; the servo sensor and the corresponding servo motor are respectively arranged on the inner side of the force panel close to the corresponding position of the panel, and the measurement system converts the physical influence of the load system on the slope accumulation blocks in the model slot into data through sensor coordination.

[0007] According to a typical structure of a single-strip or double-strip mechanical testing device as described above, the feature is that the slot frame of the strip model is welded by channel steel, angle steel and bolts.

[0008] According to a typical structure of a single-strip or double-strip mechanical testing device as described above, the feature is that the strip model slot skeleton is a rectangular parallelepiped with a length of 0.4m, a width of 0.3m, and a height of 1m.

[0009] According to a typical structure of a single-strip or double-strip mechanical testing device as described above, it is characterized in that the angle adjustment bolts are two cylindrical steel bars.

[0010] According to a typical structure single or double strip mechanical testing device as described above, it is characterized in that: the observation glass is set on the inner side of the frame of the front and rear length-height surfaces of the model groove, the observation glass is 18mm thick tempered glass, and the outer side of the observation glass is divided into 5cm×5cm red line grid lines for observing slope deformation.

[0011] According to a typical structure of a single-strip or double-strip mechanical testing device as described above, the feature is that three servo motors and servo motor racks are arranged on the left and right sides of the inner side of the strip model slot frame.

[0012] According to a typical structure single or double bar mechanical testing device as described above, it is characterized in that: the measurement system includes soil pressure sensors, strain gauges, displacement sensors, MEMS three-axis gyroscopes, flexible inclinometers, and high-speed industrial cameras. The soil pressure sensors and strain gauges are arranged in pairs on the inner side of the force application panel, soil pressure sensors and strain gauges are arranged near the slope boundary and inside, displacement sensors and MEMS three-axis gyroscopes are arranged on the top surface of the bar, and a high-speed industrial camera is arranged on the outside of the observation glass.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: on the basis of improving the prior art, the present invention realizes differentiated management of different action units and organic unity that can coordinate with each other by separately setting up model slots, load systems and measurement systems. The present invention can directly simulate the entire process from deformation to instability and destruction of the slope strips of the accumulation layer of different layered structures under different forces and water content conditions in the laboratory through the model slot, and on this basis of improvement, a partition is specially added to realize the switching of single / double strips. Through the division of multiple strips, the relationship between the force and deformation between the strips can be obtained, which is feasible, intuitive and effective for summarizing the most basic laws of physical mechanics; at the same time, the panel design is detachable and diversified to adapt to the changes in the strip structure, and makes it more intuitive to observe the slope deformation in the observation test and easy to record. Through the innovative construction and coordinated design of the load system and the measurement system, the present invention can achieve fine reconstruction of the slope strips of the accumulation layer of different layered structural types in the simulation process. After being affected by thrusts of different sizes, directions, and action sections, the stress changes and deformation conditions of the slope strips of the accumulation layer at different positions during the entire test evolution process are recorded in detail, so as to analyze the changes in the distribution of anti-slip and anti-slip and the relationship with deformation at various locations under different stress states. This breaks through the mode in which the traditional device only uses a small amount of monitoring equipment and external instruments to collect data and then performs numerical simulation in the computer, and gets rid of the drawbacks of being based only on "constitutive equations and laws summarized from single medium research", which is relatively single in angle and cannot fully reflect the basic laws of physical mechanics. The present invention innovatively directly realizes the layered multi-media actual model simulation of the slope accumulation body strips in the simulation device, and records the anti-slip effect and deformation performance in this process through the measurement system, so as to intuitively obtain the relationship between the force between the strips, the anti-slip effect and the deformation. At the same time, it greatly facilitates further data analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 Front view of the invention device.

[0015] Figure 2 Front view of the inventive device.

[0016] Figure 3 Top view of the inventive device.

[0017] Figure 4 Invention device analysis flow chart.

[0018] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: model trough 1, strip model trough skeleton 10, support frame 100, servo motor frame 101, trough bottom plate 11, bedrock imitation steel plate 110, angle adjustment bolt 111, observation glass 12, removable partition 13, load system 2, servo motor 20, servo sensor 21, force panel 22, measurement system 3, soil pressure sensor 30, strain gauge 31, displacement sensor 32, MEMS three-axis gyroscope 33, flexible inclinometer 34, high-speed industrial camera 35.

[0019] Explanation of the name: 1. Servo motor: A motor that can accurately control position, speed and acceleration through a control system. It usually consists of a motor, a sensor and a controller, and can achieve high-precision motion control based on the feedback signal received. 2. Strain gauge: A sensor used to measure the structural strain of an object (i.e., deformation after being subjected to force). It usually consists of a thin piece of metal or plastic sheet, and its material has a specific strain sensitivity. When subjected to force or pressure, the strain gauge will produce a slight deformation, resulting in a change in resistance or capacitance. This change can be measured and recorded by electronic equipment to know the strain of the object under force. 3. MEMS three-axis gyroscope: It is a three-axis gyroscope sensor based on micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) technology. This three-axis gyroscope can measure the angular velocity of an object around three axes (X, Y and Z axes) in space, and process this data through a microprocessor for applications such as navigation, attitude control, motion tracking and vibration detection. 4. Flexible inclinometer is: A device used to monitor the deformation of engineering structures such as soil or rock slopes, retaining walls, and deep foundation pits. It is usually composed of multiple flexible profile inclinometers, each of which includes multiple inclinometer units, and measures the inclination of multiple points along the slope or wall through sensitive displacement sensors, thereby monitoring the inclination deformation of the slope or wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, a typical structure of a single-strip or double-strip mechanical testing device of the present invention includes three parts: a model tank, a load system and a measurement system.

[0022] The model tank 1 is the main simulation system of the present invention, which is improved on the basis of the existing traditional device. While supporting and restricting the slope accumulation body, it completes the simulation and regulation of various test factors required for the macroscopic structural mechanics of the corresponding accumulation layer slope. Figure 1As shown, the model tank 1 of the present invention includes a strip model tank frame 10, a tank bottom plate 11, an observation glass 12 and a detachable partition 13. The strip model tank frame 10 is welded by channel steel, angle steel and bolts. The strip model tank frame 10 of this embodiment is a rectangular parallelepiped with a total size of 0.4m long × 0.3m wide × 1m high, which ensures the intuitive observation of the device of the present invention and the convenience of movement and operation of the device itself. The strip model tank frame 10 includes a support frame 100 and a servo motor frame 101. The support frame 100 is a steel frame fixing structure that supports the load system 2 and the slope strips of the stacking layer at the bottom of the tank. The servo motor frame 101 is a plurality of groups of transverse steel plates regularly arranged on the inner side of the side wall of the strip model tank frame 10, corresponding to the servo motor 20, which is used to support the servo motor and maintain the stable operation of the load system. The servo motor 20 pushes the force panel 22 to extend or retract, and the output torque of the servo motor 20 can be adjusted according to the requirements of the force panel 22 during the test process, which is used to maintain the stability of the structural changes of the model tank part during the working process of the load system. The bottom plate 11 of the trough is provided with an imitation bedrock steel plate 110 and an angle adjustment bolt 111. One side of the imitation bedrock steel plate 110 is connected to the support frame 100 by a hinge, and the other side of the imitation bedrock steel plate 110 is fitted with the support frame 100 but not connected, and is connected to the angle adjustment bolt 111. The angle adjustment bolt 111 is two cylindrical steel bars, which pass through the servo motor frame 101 on one side and pass through the strip model trough frame 10 for a distance. The inclination angle of the imitation bedrock steel plate 110 is adjusted by the angle adjustment bolt 111. In this way, the pressure direction applied by the servo motor 20 on the side of the angle adjustment bolt 111 to the force panel 22 can be uniformly adjusted to simulate the pressure in different directions, which is convenient for operation and more in line with the actual situation. This design can achieve the effect of pressure in various directions while reducing the overall volume of the equipment. That is, the adjustable angle property of the bedrock-simulating steel plate 10 of the present invention simulates the state of the bedrock strata beneath the slope accumulation body in the actual geological environment, and the bedrock-simulating steel plate 10 causes the accumulation body to deform as a whole, which can make the simulation test more in line with the actual geological conditions, make the overall data content more accurate, and reduce the later operations. The bedrock-simulating steel plate 110 can be replaced with steel plates with different surface roughness to realize the test of the macroscopic structural mechanics law of the accumulation layer slope with different angles and base surface properties.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, an observation glass 12 is arranged on the front side of the servo motor frame 101 of the present invention to facilitate observation of the test process. The observation glass 12 is arranged on the inner side of the frame of the front and rear length-height surfaces of the model groove 1. The observation glass 12 can be a 18 mm thick tempered glass. The outer side of the observation glass 12 is divided into 5 cm×5 cm red grid lines for observing slope deformation. A removable partition 13 is arranged at the midpoint of the long side of the model groove. On the one hand, the removable partition 13 is convenient for adding more stable support to the filling soil during the construction of the slope accumulation body. At the same time, it also serves as a basic module for switching the single / double strip simulation unit. By switching the single / double strip, it is easy to consider the various layered structural characteristics and the changes in the material composition characteristics between and within the layers in different directions. For building layered and striped slope accumulation bodies simulating multiple media, it is necessary to purchase graded crushed stone and soil with particle sizes in the <2mm segment, 2-5mm segment, 5-10mm segment and 10-20mm segment, and fully mix them in different proportions to obtain three different graded soil samples, which are used as three materials for making strips and subsequent slope physical models, marked as materials A, B, and C. According to this standard, it is possible to make slope strips of accumulation layers with different layered structure types and water content states in the laboratory, and separately measure or estimate the deformation modulus, internal friction angle, cohesion and saturated permeability coefficient of different materials, so as to truly simulate the natural layering conditions in the actual geological slope accumulation body.

[0024] The model tank 1 is the basic simulation and generation device of the present invention, providing force application and monitoring objects for the load system 2 and the measurement system 3. As the source object of all data for the simulation study, it is both the structural center of the present invention and the research center of the simulation test.

[0025] The load system 2 is a force structure of the present invention, and its design purpose is to simulate the force conditions of the slope strips of the stacking layer under different conditions, and is arranged on the upper and lower width-height surfaces of the strip model. The load system 2 includes a servo motor 20, a servo sensor 21, and a force panel 22. The servo motor 20 is close to the force panel 22 and is arranged regularly according to the different segments of the slope strips of the stacking layer. At the same time, the servo motor 20 and the servo motor frame 101 are placed in the same structural position, and the number is the same. For example, three servo motors 20 and servo motor frames 101 are set on the left and right of the present invention, and the servo motor 20 on one side is fixed. The servo motor 20 on the servo motor frame 101 changes with the change of the angle of the servo motor frame 101, so as to facilitate the simulation of the test conditions of the sloped deposit. The present invention also includes a servo sensor 21, and the servo sensor 21 is arranged on the inner side of the force panel 22 corresponding to the servo motor 20, close to the corresponding position of the panel, and the servo sensor 21 monitors the actual position, speed, acceleration and other parameters, and feeds this information back to the servo control system, thereby controlling the operation of the servo motor 20, so that the equipment or machinery can achieve precise motion control. When the simulation experiment starts, the servo motor 20 applies pressure to the force panel 22, and at the same time, the servo sensor 21 detects and regulates the servo motor 20 to control the inter-strip force to remain unchanged at a specific value; the servo sensor 21 is separated from the servo motor frame 101 in sections, and can apply controllable and continuous force to the slope accumulation body in different directions and at different points to achieve the expected setting of differences in the inter-strip force at different depths by independently controlling the inter-strip force of the side strips at different depths. The cooperation between the servo motor and the sensor realizes the simulation of different pressure application directions at different depths, thereby achieving the design purpose of conducting a detailed study on the macroscopic structural mechanics of the slope of the accumulation layer. At the same time, the force panel 22 of the present invention can be designed to be of different sizes and detachable according to actual requirements to adapt to the changes in the strip structure. The load system 2 of the present invention is the source of external force for the simulation test of the slope accumulation body. Researchers can directly affect the final presentation results of the simulation test data collected by the measurement system 3 by changing the multiple factors of the load system 2 applied to the soil body according to research needs. Combined with adding partitions in the model trough to achieve switching between single / double strips, the force-applying panels in the load system are equipped with multiple sets of motors to achieve controllable and continuous force application in different directions and at different points on the simulated accumulation body. The entire process from deformation to instability and destruction of strips under different forces and water contents is simulated, which is more conducive to the realistic simulation of stress changes in the actual slope instability process.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the measuring system 3 converts the physical influence of the load system 2 on the slope accumulation body bars in the model trough 1 into visual data through the coordinated use of multiple sensors, and can respectively measure the stress on the accumulation layer slope bars, the deformation of the accumulation layer slope bars, the local point resistance and promotion state of the accumulation layer slope bars, and the size of the bar resistance and promotion effect. It is the design center for realizing the expectation of the present invention to conduct a detailed study on the macroscopic structural mechanics laws of the accumulation layer slope through the structural single / double bar mechanics principles. The measuring system 3 of the present invention includes a soil pressure sensor 30, a strain gauge 31, a displacement sensor 32, a MEMS three-axis gyroscope 33, a flexible inclinometer 34, and a high-speed industrial camera 35. The soil pressure sensor 30 and the strain gauge 31 can be arranged in pairs on the inner side of the force application panel 22. The soil pressure sensor 30 and the strain gauge 31 are arranged near the slope boundary and inside. The displacement sensor 32 and the MEMS three-axis gyroscope 33 can be arranged on the top surface of the strip. A high-speed industrial camera 35 is arranged on the outside of the observation glass 12. The high-speed industrial camera 35 faces the observation glass 12 to continuously capture images of the test observation surface and the top surface.

[0027] a) Stress measurement: Earth pressure sensors 30 are set up to monitor stress changes at different locations. In other words, in addition to the inter-slope force applied by the load system, earth pressure sensors 30 are also arranged near the slope boundary and inside.

[0028] b) Measurement of the local point resistance and promotion state and the resistance and promotion of the strip: Set up soil pressure sensors 30 (i.e., stress / soil pressure monitoring points). It was found in the previous test (Zhou Xiang, Cai Jingsen, et al., 2023) that the local point resistance, promotion state and switching can be determined by arranging stress / soil pressure monitoring points 30. By setting stress / soil pressure monitoring points 30 at different locations to monitor the soil pressure, the stress transfer situation can be displayed, and the resistance and promotion state and switching situation at different locations can be judged. The resistance and promotion of the strip is determined by the initial strength (which can be measured experimentally after soil mixing) and the residual strength estimated by the yield area ratio minus the soil pressure difference on both sides of the strip. Based on this, the average resistance and promotion of the strip at different depths or potential failure surfaces can be estimated.

[0029] c) Deformation measurement: Displacement sensor 32, MEMS three-axis gyroscope 33, flexible inclinometer 34, high-speed industrial camera 35 are set. The process of acquiring deformation data is to use displacement as the main monitoring indicator, coordinate the arrangement of angular velocity and strain monitoring, and then obtain the rate and acceleration based on the displacement data. Displacement sensor 32 and high-speed industrial camera 35 are set to measure the displacement of the top surface of the bar. On the one hand, a certain amount of displacement sensors 32 are arranged on the top surface of the bar for measurement. On the other hand, a high-speed industrial camera 35 is used to continuously shoot the images of the test observation surface and the top surface facing the observation glass 12. After the obtained data is transmitted to the computer, the displacement field of the test observation surface and the top surface of the bar can be obtained by combining the PIV technology. The flexible inclinometer 34 is set to be arranged through the top surface of the bar and at different depths to measure the displacement in the bar, so as to obtain the displacement of the top surface of the bar and at different depths. The MEMS three-axis gyroscope 33 is set to measure the angular velocity, and the strain gauge 31 is set to be arranged near the slope boundary of the bar and inside to measure the strain.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, all sensor measurement data in the measurement system 3 of the present invention are collected and integrated by the data collector and uploaded to the computer for further analysis. By arranging multiple sensors inside the slope accumulation body, the present invention has a more complete data type and data structure than the deformation data obtained by the external instruments of the traditional test device.

[0031] Based on the above-mentioned strip mechanical testing device of the present invention, it is easy to set internal and external factors such as the strip material composition and structure, mechanical properties, water content, and force, so as to analyze the changes in the anti-slip distribution and its relationship with the deformation at various locations, and realize the experimental research on the factors affecting the anti-slip state of typical structural strips under different inter-strip forces and water contents and the anti-slip action law of deformation.

[0032] The present invention quantitatively explores the relevant laws of the changes in the anti-slip and pro-slip distribution of the slope strips of the accumulation layer under the action of different internal and external factors based on the constitutive equation and constitutive relationship. Compared with the integrated mixed installation of traditional simulation devices, the present invention realizes the differentiated management of different action units and the organic unity of mutual coordination and cooperation by separately setting up model slots, load systems and measurement systems, and the functionality and practicality of each device are enriched and innovative compared with the corresponding similar originals of traditional devices. The innovation basis of the present invention, that is, the research and development orientation, is to directly simulate in the laboratory the entire process from deformation to instability and destruction of the slope strips of the accumulation layer with different layered structures under different forces and water contents, and on this basis of improvement, a partition is specially added to realize the switching of single / double strips. Through the division of multiple strips, the present invention can obtain the relationship between force and deformation between strips, which is feasible, intuitive and effective for summarizing the most basic laws of physical mechanics. The present invention breaks through the mode of traditional devices that only use a small amount of monitoring equipment and external instruments to collect data and then perform numerical simulation in a computer. It gets rid of the drawbacks of being based only on "constitutive equations and laws summarized from the study of a single medium", which has a relatively single angle and cannot fully reflect the basic laws of physical mechanics. It innovatively realizes the layered multi-media actual model simulation of slope accumulation blocks directly in the simulation device, and can directly perform complete, multi-angle numerical collection through the measurement system, which greatly facilitates further data analysis.

Claims

1. A typical structure single or double strip mechanical test device, including a model tank, a load system and a measurement system. The model tank includes a strip model tank frame, a tank bottom plate, an observation glass and a detachable partition, characterized in that: The strip model slot skeleton includes a support frame and a servo motor frame. The support frame is a steel frame fixing structure at the bottom of the slot. The servo motor frame is a transverse steel plate. The slot bottom plate includes a bedrock-like steel plate and an angle adjustment bolt. One side of the bedrock-like steel plate is connected to the support frame by a hinge. The other side of the bedrock-like steel plate is fitted with the support frame but not connected, and is connected to the angle adjustment bolt. The angle adjustment bolt passes through the servo motor frame on one side and out of the strip model slot skeleton. The inclination angle of the bedrock-like steel plate is adjusted by the angle adjustment bolt. An observation glass is arranged on the front side of the servo motor frame. A detachable partition is arranged on the long side of the model slot. The load system includes a servo motor, a servo sensor and a force application panel. The servo motor is close to the force panel and is arranged regularly according to the different sections of the slope blocks of the accumulation layer. The servo motor pushes the force panel to extend or retract, and the servo motor and the servo motor frame are placed in the same structural position; the servo sensor and the servo motor frame are separately arranged in sections; the servo sensor and the corresponding servo motor are respectively arranged on the inner side of the force panel close to the corresponding position of the panel, and the measurement system converts the physical impact of the load system on the slope accumulation body blocks in the model slot into data through sensor coordination; three servo motors and three servo motor frames are arranged on the left side of the inner side of the strip model slot skeleton; three servo motors and three servo motor frames are arranged on the right side of the inner side of the strip model slot skeleton.

2. A typical structure single or double strip mechanical testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measurement system includes soil pressure sensors, strain gauges, displacement sensors, MEMS three-axis gyroscopes, flexible inclinometers and high-speed industrial cameras. The soil pressure sensors and strain gauges are arranged in pairs on the inner side of the force panel. Soil pressure sensors and strain gauges are arranged near the slope boundary and inside. Displacement sensors and MEMS three-axis gyroscopes are arranged on the top surface of the strips, and a high-speed industrial camera is arranged on the outside of the observation glass.

3. A typical structure single-strip or double-strip mechanical testing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The strip model trough frame is welded by channel steel, angle steel and bolts.

4. A typical structure single-strip or double-strip mechanical testing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The strip model trough skeleton is a cuboid with a length of 0.4m, a width of 0.3m, and a height of 1m.

5. A typical structure single-strip or double-strip mechanical testing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The angle adjustment bolts are two cylindrical steel bars.

6. A typical structure single-strip or double-strip mechanical testing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The observation glass is set on the inner side of the frame of the front and rear length-height surfaces of the model slot. The observation glass is 18 mm thick tempered glass, and the outer side of the observation glass is divided into 5 cm × 5 cm red grid lines.

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