A monitoring method and system for mine slope risk based on correlation theory

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and system for monitoring the risk of a mine slope based on correlation theory. The method calculates a first risk factor of a target slope by a lateral displacement based on a time series; calculates a second risk factor of the target slope by a vertical settlement based on a time series; calculates a correlation coefficient between the lateral displacement and the vertical settlement based on the correlation theory, and obtains a risk value of the target slope according to the first risk factor, the second risk factor and the correlation coefficient; when the risk value is greater than a set risk threshold, issues an early warning to operating vehicles and personnel around the slope; the method can more comprehensively reflect the deformation characteristics and stability status of the slope rock mass, more accurately predict the risk of slope collapse, and provide earlier and more accurate signals for early warning and response measures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of geological disaster early warning, and in particular relates to a method and system for monitoring mine slope risks based on correlation theory. Background Art

[0002] Mine slope collapse is one of the important risks in mine safety production, and its occurrence is often accompanied by complex geological processes and multiple influencing factors. In the monitoring of mine slope collapse risk, lateral displacement and vertical settlement are two key parameters, which can reflect the deformation and stability of the slope rock mass. In the monitoring of mine slope collapse risk, there is a close correlation between lateral displacement and vertical settlement. These two processes interact with each other. Vertical settlement may lead to stress redistribution of the slope rock mass, thereby causing lateral displacement; while lateral displacement may also affect vertical settlement, for example, by changing the support conditions and stress state of the rock mass. On the one hand, lateral displacement and vertical settlement are both manifestations of slope rock mass deformation, and their occurrence and development often influence and restrict each other. On the other hand, the changing trend and rate of lateral displacement and vertical settlement can reflect the stress state and deformation characteristics of the slope rock mass, thus providing an important basis for predicting the risk of slope collapse.

[0003] In monitoring the risk of mine slope collapse, the correlation between lateral displacement and vertical settlement is crucial.

[0004] However, existing monitoring methods often treat these two parameters as independent variables, ignoring the correlation and influence between them, which limits the accuracy and effectiveness of monitoring to a certain extent. Traditional lateral displacement monitoring methods, such as geodesy and radar interferometry, mainly focus on the movement distance in the horizontal direction, while ignoring the mutual influence with vertical settlement. Similarly, vertical settlement monitoring methods, such as leveling and inclination measurement, also mainly focus on the deformation in the vertical direction, lacking consideration of lateral displacement. This separate monitoring method cannot fully reflect the deformation characteristics and stability of the slope rock mass, and the monitoring results may have certain errors and inaccuracies, which may lead to delays in early warning information.

[0005] In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to consider the correlation between lateral displacement and vertical settlement more comprehensively, continuously improve monitoring accuracy and early warning capabilities, and ensure the safety and stability of mine production. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for monitoring mine slope risk based on correlation theory. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for monitoring mine slope risk based on correlation theory, the method comprising:

[0008] Step S1, monitoring the lateral displacement of a target slope, and calculating a first risk factor of the target slope according to the lateral displacement based on a time series.

[0009] Furthermore, the lateral displacement based on the time series is expressed as the sequence X as X = (x1, x2, …, x i …,x n ), where x i is the lateral displacement in the i-th time window; then the lateral displacement velocity v in the i-th time window i =(x i -x i-1 ) / t, where t is the length of the time window.

[0010] According to the slope stability theory, the initial sliding velocity of the slope when landslide occurs is calculated as:

[0011]

[0012] Wherein, V is the initial slip velocity, in m / s; g is the acceleration of gravity; m is the mass of the slope per unit length, in kg / m; H is the height of the center of gravity of the slope, in m; L is the length of the slope, in m; α is the internal friction angle when the landslide occurs; β is the angle between the landslide body and the horizontal plane; ω is the cohesion constant of the landslide body; where α and β are both less than 90°, α=kβ, and k is a constant taken as 1.1.

[0013] Calculate the horizontal displacement velocity warning threshold v of the slope based on the initial slip velocity V x , The first risk factor

[0014] Step S2, obtaining the vertical settlement of the target slope based on the time series through satellite InSAR data, and calculating the second risk factor of the target slope.

[0015] Furthermore, the vertical settlement based on the time series obtained by satellite InSAR data is expressed as a sequence Y as Y = (y1, y2, ..., y i …,y n ), where y i is the vertical settlement amount in the i-th time window, then the vertical settlement velocity w in the i-th time window i =(y i -y i-1 ) / t.

[0016] Calculate the vertical settlement velocity warning threshold v of the slope based on the initial sliding velocity V y ,

[0017] The second risk factor

[0018] Furthermore, the time window t is 12 to 48 hours.

[0019] Step S3, calculating the correlation coefficient between the lateral displacement and the vertical settlement based on the correlation theory, and obtaining the risk value of the target slope according to the first risk factor, the second risk factor and the correlation coefficient.

[0020] Furthermore, the correlation coefficient between the lateral displacement and the vertical settlement is calculated based on the correlation theory, and the specific calculation method includes:

[0021] Rank the sequences X and Y from small to large. If the observations are the same, take the average rank. The correlation coefficient r between the two sequences is expressed as:

[0022]

[0023] In the formula, R xi For x i Rank, R yi for y i rank; and Respectively represent x i and i The average rank of; the rank difference is denoted as d, then x i and i Rank difference: d i =R xi -R yi .

[0024] At this time, the correlation coefficient r is expressed as:

[0025] Furthermore, the risk value of the target slope is obtained according to the first risk factor, the second risk factor and the correlation coefficient, specifically:

[0026] When 0≤r<0.5, it is considered that the first risk factor and the second risk factor are weakly correlated, and the risk value ρ of the target slope takes the maximum value of the first risk factor ρ1 and the second risk factor ρ2: ρ=Max(ρ1,ρ2).

[0027] When 0.5≤r, it is considered that the first risk factor and the second risk factor are strongly correlated, and the calculation method of the risk value ρ of the target slope is: ρ=1-(1-ρ1)(1-ρ2).

[0028] Step S4: when the risk value is greater than a set risk threshold, a warning is issued to working vehicles and personnel around the slope.

[0029] Furthermore, the set risk threshold F is ρ1≥0.6 or ρ2≥0.6 or ρ≥0.8; when one of the risk value ρ, the first risk factor ρ1 and the second risk factor ρ2 meets the set risk threshold F, an early warning is issued to the working vehicles and personnel around the slope.

[0030] Furthermore, the working vehicles and personnel around the slope are equipped with GPS locators. When the risk value is greater than the set risk threshold, the range of sending the warning information is determined by the GPS signal, and the warning information is sent to the working vehicles and personnel within the range.

[0031] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a system for monitoring the mine slope risk based on the correlation theory described in the first aspect, the system comprising: a lateral displacement monitoring module, a vertical settlement monitoring module, a risk value calculation module and an early warning module.

[0032] Furthermore, the lateral displacement monitoring module and the vertical settlement monitoring module are respectively connected to the risk value calculation module, and the risk value calculation module is linked to the early warning module.

[0033] Furthermore, the lateral displacement monitoring module is used to monitor the lateral displacement of the target slope, and calculate the first risk factor of the target slope according to the lateral displacement based on the time series.

[0034] Furthermore, the vertical settlement monitoring module is used to obtain the vertical settlement of the target slope based on the time series through satellite InSAR data, and calculate the second risk factor of the target slope.

[0035] Furthermore, the risk value calculation module receives the risk factor calculation results of the lateral displacement monitoring module and the vertical settlement monitoring module, and calculates the correlation coefficient between the lateral displacement and the vertical settlement based on the correlation theory, and obtains the risk value of the target slope according to the first risk factor, the second risk factor and the correlation coefficient.

[0036] Furthermore, the early warning module receives the risk value and compares it with a set risk threshold, and when the risk value is greater than the set risk threshold, issues an early warning to working vehicles and personnel around the slope.

[0037] Furthermore, the early warning module also accepts the first risk factor calculation result of the lateral displacement monitoring module and the second risk factor calculation result of the vertical settlement monitoring module, and compares them with the set risk threshold. When the risk value is greater than the set risk threshold, an early warning is issued to the working vehicles and personnel around the slope.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] The present invention can improve monitoring accuracy and enhance early warning capabilities; by considering lateral displacement and vertical settlement as interrelated parameters rather than independent variables, the monitoring results can be made more accurate; this comprehensive monitoring method can more comprehensively reflect the deformation characteristics and stability status of the slope rock mass, reducing errors and uncertainties; and can more accurately predict the risk of slope collapse, providing earlier and more accurate signals for early warning and response measures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for monitoring mine slope risk based on correlation theory according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a mine slope risk monitoring system based on correlation theory according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] like Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring mine slope risk based on correlation theory according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the method includes:

[0045] Step S1, monitoring the lateral displacement of a target slope, and calculating a first risk factor of the target slope according to the lateral displacement based on a time series.

[0046] The lateral displacement based on the time series is represented by the sequence X as X = (x1, x2, ..., x i …,x n ), where x i is the lateral displacement in the i-th time window; then the lateral displacement velocity v in the i-th time window i =(x i -x i-1 ) / t, where t is the length of the time window.

[0047] It should be noted that there are many methods for monitoring the lateral displacement of the slope. The most common ones include geodetic measurement, which uses measuring instruments such as theodolites and total stations to set observation points at different positions on the slope, and regularly observe and record the lateral displacement of each point; radar interferometry, which uses radar satellites or ground radar systems to perform non-contact measurement of the slope; GPS monitoring, which installs a GPS receiver on the slope to monitor the displacement of the slope in real time, including the lateral displacement; laser scanning, which uses a laser scanner to perform fast, high-precision three-dimensional scanning of the slope, and by comparing the scanning data of different time periods, the lateral displacement of the slope can be obtained; this embodiment does not limit the monitoring method of the lateral displacement of the slope.

[0048] According to the slope stability theory, the initial sliding velocity of the slope when landslide occurs is calculated as:

[0049]

[0050] Wherein, V is the initial slip velocity, in m / s; g is the acceleration of gravity; m is the mass of the slope per unit length, in kg / m; H is the height of the center of gravity of the slope, in m; L is the length of the slope, in m; α is the internal friction angle when the landslide occurs; β is the angle between the landslide body and the horizontal plane; ω is the cohesion constant of the landslide body; where α and β are both less than 90°, α=kβ, and k is a constant taken as 1.1.

[0051] Calculate the horizontal displacement velocity warning threshold v of the slope based on the initial slip velocity V x , The first risk factor

[0052] Step S2, obtaining the vertical settlement of the target slope based on the time series through satellite InSAR data, and calculating the second risk factor of the target slope. The vertical settlement based on the time series obtained through satellite InSAR data is expressed by the sequence Y as Y=(y1, y2, ..., y i …,y n ), where y i is the vertical settlement amount in the i-th time window, then the vertical settlement velocity w in the i-th time window i =(y i -y i-1 ) / t.

[0053] It should be noted that satellite InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) technology is a high-precision technology that monitors small surface deformations by measuring the phase difference of radar signals. In the monitoring of mine slope collapse risk, InSAR technology can be used to obtain vertical settlement data based on time series; the specific data acquisition and analysis process mainly includes the following steps:

[0054] Step S201, obtaining radar image data of the mine slope area through a satellite-borne SAR system; these data usually include images of multiple time periods for time series analysis.

[0055] Step S202, preprocessing and interferometric processing are performed on the acquired radar image data to extract phase information; the phase information contains information on surface deformation and is the core of InSAR technology.

[0056] Step S203: Since the phase information is periodic, a phase unwrapping operation is required to convert the phase information into continuous deformation information.

[0057] Step S204 extracts the vertical settlement data of the mine slope by comparing the deformation information in different time periods.

[0058] Calculate the vertical settlement velocity warning threshold v of the slope based on the initial sliding velocity V y ,

[0059] The second risk factor

[0060] It should be noted that the value of the time window t for monitoring slope displacement depends on many factors, including the specific engineering conditions of the slope, design requirements, soil foundation conditions, slope height and slope, surrounding environment, etc.; these factors will comprehensively affect the stability and displacement rate of the slope. Generally speaking, the displacement of the slope gradually accumulates over time, so the time window t should be long enough. In this embodiment, the time window t is 12 to 48 hours.

[0061] Step S3, calculating the correlation coefficient between the lateral displacement and the vertical settlement based on the correlation theory, and obtaining the risk value of the target slope according to the first risk factor, the second risk factor and the correlation coefficient.

[0062] The correlation coefficient between the lateral displacement and the vertical settlement is calculated based on the correlation theory, and the specific calculation method includes:

[0063] Rank the sequences X and Y from small to large. If the observations are the same, take the average rank. The correlation coefficient r between the two sequences is expressed as:

[0064]

[0065] In the formula, R xi For x i Rank, R yi for y i rank; and Respectively represent x i and i The average rank of; the rank difference is denoted as d, then x i and i Rank difference: d i =R xi -R yi .

[0066] At this time, the correlation coefficient r is expressed as:

[0067] It should be noted that the risk value of the target slope is obtained based on the first risk factor, the second risk factor and the correlation coefficient. Specifically, when 0≤r<0.5, the first risk factor and the second risk factor are considered to be weakly correlated, and the risk value ρ of the target slope takes the maximum value of the first risk factor ρ1 and the second risk factor ρ2: ρ=Max(ρ1,ρ2). When 0.5≤r, the first risk factor and the second risk factor are considered to be strongly correlated, and the calculation method of the risk value ρ of the target slope is: ρ=1-(1-ρ1)(1-ρ2). Among them, 0.5 is a general classification value, which divides the correlation into weak correlation and strong correlation. If a more detailed classification is required, the classification interval of the risk value can also be subdivided.

[0068] Step S4: when the risk value is greater than a set risk threshold, a warning is issued to working vehicles and personnel around the slope.

[0069] The risk threshold F is set to ρ1≥0.6 or ρ2≥0.6 or ρ≥0.8; when one of the risk value ρ, the first risk factor ρ1 and the second risk factor ρ2 meets the set risk threshold F, an early warning is issued to the working vehicles and personnel around the slope. The working vehicles and personnel around the slope are equipped with GPS locators. When the risk value is greater than the set risk threshold, the range of the early warning information is determined by the GPS signal, and the early warning information is sent to the working vehicles and personnel within the range.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] This embodiment provides a monitoring system for mine slope risk based on correlation theory, which is used to execute the method disclosed in Example 1, such as Figure 2As shown, the system includes: a lateral displacement monitoring module, a vertical settlement monitoring module, a risk value calculation module and an early warning module.

[0072] The lateral displacement monitoring module and the vertical settlement monitoring module are respectively connected to the risk value calculation module, and the risk value calculation module is linked to the early warning module. The lateral displacement monitoring module is used to monitor the lateral displacement of the target slope, and calculate the first risk factor of the target slope based on the lateral displacement based on the time series. The vertical settlement monitoring module is used to obtain the vertical settlement of the target slope based on the time series through satellite InSAR data, and calculate the second risk factor of the target slope. The risk value calculation module receives the risk factor calculation results of the lateral displacement monitoring module and the vertical settlement monitoring module, and calculates the correlation coefficient between the lateral displacement and the vertical settlement based on the correlation theory, and obtains the risk value of the target slope according to the first risk factor, the second risk factor and the correlation coefficient. The early warning module receives the risk value and compares it with the set risk threshold. When the risk value is greater than the set risk threshold, a warning is issued to the operating vehicles and personnel around the slope.

[0073] The early warning module also receives the first risk factor calculation result of the lateral displacement monitoring module and the second risk factor calculation result of the vertical settlement monitoring module, and compares them with the set risk threshold. When the risk value is greater than the set risk threshold, an early warning is issued to the working vehicles and personnel around the slope.

[0074] It should be noted that in this embodiment, we have installed high-precision GPS locators for the operating vehicles and each staff member around the slope. These locators not only have conventional positioning functions, but also have real-time data transmission and location tracking capabilities. Through these locators, we can accurately grasp the specific location of each operating vehicle and each staff member to ensure that we can respond quickly in an emergency. When the monitoring system detects that the risk value of the slope exceeds the preset risk threshold, the system will immediately activate the early warning mechanism. First, the system will analyze the current GPS signal to determine the range to which the early warning information needs to be sent. This range is usually determined based on the area that may be affected by the slope collapse and the distribution of operating vehicles and personnel to ensure that all areas that may be affected can receive the early warning information.

[0075] Next, the system will send warning information to all operating vehicles and personnel within the range. Warning information can be sent through SMS, voice prompts, display screens and other methods to ensure that every recipient can quickly and accurately understand the current emergency situation. At the same time, the system will automatically record the sent warning information for subsequent analysis and tracing.

[0076] In this way, we can convey early warning information to all potentially affected personnel and vehicles in a timely and accurate manner when the risk of slope collapse increases, ensuring that they can take prompt countermeasures to minimize potential losses. This not only improves the safety of mine production, but also protects the lives of operators.

[0077] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring mine slope risk based on correlation theory, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, monitoring the lateral displacement of the target slope, and calculating a first risk factor of the target slope according to the lateral displacement based on a time series; Step S2, obtaining the vertical settlement of the target slope based on the time series through satellite InSAR data, and calculating the second risk factor of the target slope; Step S3, calculating the correlation coefficient between the lateral displacement and the vertical settlement based on the correlation theory, and obtaining the risk value of the target slope according to the first risk factor, the second risk factor and the correlation coefficient; Step S4: when the risk value is greater than a set risk threshold, a warning is issued to working vehicles and personnel around the slope.

2. The method for monitoring mine slope risk based on correlation theory according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, the lateral displacement based on the time series is expressed as a sequence Expressed as , where For the The lateral displacement in a time window; The lateral displacement velocity in the time window , where t is the time window length; the initial sliding velocity when the slope landslide occurs is calculated according to the slope stability theory: ； In the formula, is the initial sliding velocity, in m / s; g is the acceleration due to gravity; m is the mass of the slope per unit length, in kg / m; H is the height difference of the center of gravity of the slope, in m; L is the length of the slope, in m; is the internal friction angle when landslide occurs; is the angle between the landslide body and the horizontal plane; is the cohesion constant of the landslide; and All less than 90°, , Take 1.1 as the constant; Calculate the horizontal displacement velocity warning threshold of the slope based on the initial slip velocity V , The first risk factor .

3. The method for monitoring mine slope risk based on correlation theory according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step S2, the vertical settlement amount based on the time series obtained by satellite InSAR data is expressed as a sequence Expressed as , where For the The vertical settlement amount in a time window is Vertical settling velocity in a time window ; Calculate the vertical settlement velocity warning threshold of the slope based on the initial sliding velocity V , ; The second risk factor 00%.

4. The method for monitoring mine slope risk based on correlation theory according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The time window length t is 12 to 48 hours.

5. The method for monitoring mine slope risk based on correlation theory according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, the correlation coefficient between the lateral displacement and the vertical settlement is calculated based on the correlation theory, and the specific calculation method includes: The lateral displacement sequence based on the time series Expressed as , where For the The lateral displacement within a time window; The vertical settlement amount based on time series is expressed as a series Expressed as , where For the The vertical settlement amount within a time window; Rank the sequences X and Y from small to large. If the observations are the same, take the average rank. The correlation coefficient r between the two sequences is expressed as: ； In the formula, for rank, for rank; and Respectively and The average rank of ,but and The rank difference of: ; At this time, the correlation coefficient r is expressed as: .

6. The method for monitoring mine slope risk based on correlation theory according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The risk value of the target slope is obtained according to the first risk factor, the second risk factor and the correlation coefficient, specifically: when When the first risk factor and the second risk factor are considered to be weakly correlated, the risk value of the target slope Take the first risk factor and the second risk factor The maximum value of: ; when When the first risk factor and the second risk factor are considered to be strongly correlated, the risk value of the target slope The calculation method is: .

7. The method for monitoring mine slope risk based on correlation theory according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step S4, the risk threshold is set for .6 or .6 or When the risk value , the first risk factor and the second risk factor One of the above meets the risk threshold When the slope is in danger, an early warning is issued to the operating vehicles and personnel around the slope.

8. The method for monitoring mine slope risk based on correlation theory according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The working vehicles and personnel around the slope are equipped with GPS locators. When the risk value is greater than the set risk threshold, the scope of sending the warning information is determined by the GPS signal, and the warning information is sent to the working vehicles and personnel within the range.

9. A system for monitoring the mine slope risk based on correlation theory according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The system comprises: a lateral displacement monitoring module, a vertical settlement monitoring module, a risk value calculation module and an early warning module; the lateral displacement monitoring module and the vertical settlement monitoring module are respectively connected to the risk value calculation module, and the risk value calculation module is linked to the early warning module; The lateral displacement monitoring module is used to monitor the lateral displacement of the target slope and calculate the first risk factor of the target slope according to the lateral displacement based on the time series; The vertical settlement monitoring module is used to obtain the vertical settlement amount of the target slope based on the time series through satellite InSAR data, and calculate the second risk factor of the target slope; The risk value calculation module receives the risk factor calculation results of the lateral displacement monitoring module and the vertical settlement monitoring module, calculates the correlation coefficient between the lateral displacement and the vertical settlement based on the correlation theory, and obtains the risk value of the target slope according to the first risk factor, the second risk factor and the correlation coefficient; The early warning module receives the risk value and compares it with a set risk threshold, and when the risk value is greater than the set risk threshold, issues an early warning to working vehicles and personnel around the slope.

10. The system according to claim 9, characterized in that The early warning module also receives the first risk factor calculation result of the lateral displacement monitoring module and the second risk factor calculation result of the vertical settlement monitoring module, and compares them with the set risk threshold. When the risk value is greater than the set risk threshold, an early warning is issued to the working vehicles and personnel around the slope.

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