Battery charging method and battery management system

Abstract

The present application discloses a battery charging method and a battery management system. The method includes: when the battery is connected to a power source, determining the initial current according to the initial state of charge of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery; determining the maximum charging current of the battery from the initial state of charge to 100% state of charge according to the initial state of charge and the initial temperature; determining multiple preset currents according to a preset charging current interval and a maximum charging current; wherein the maximum current among the multiple preset currents is the same as the maximum charging current; using the initial current, processing the multiple preset currents respectively to obtain multiple remaining charging times; determining the target charging request current according to the preset current used to determine the minimum remaining charging time among the multiple remaining charging times; charging the battery according to the target charging request current. The present application can reduce the battery charging time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to but is not limited to the field of battery charging technology, and in particular to a battery charging method and a battery management system. Background Art

[0002] Energy conservation and emission reduction are the key to the sustainable development of the automobile industry. Electric vehicles have become an important part of the sustainable development of the automobile industry due to their advantages of energy conservation and environmental protection. For electric vehicles, battery charging technology is an important factor related to their development. In related technologies, it takes a long time to charge the battery. How to reduce the battery charging time has always been a concern in this field. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a battery charging method and a battery management system, which can solve the problem of a long time required to charge the battery.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for charging a battery, the method comprising: when the battery is connected to a power source, determining an initial current according to an initial state of charge of the battery and an initial temperature of the battery; determining a maximum charging current of the battery from the initial state of charge to a 100% state of charge according to the initial state of charge and the initial temperature; determining a plurality of preset currents according to a preset charging current interval and a maximum charging current; wherein the maximum current among the plurality of preset currents is the same as the maximum charging current; using the initial current, processing the plurality of preset currents respectively to obtain a plurality of remaining charging times; determining a target charging request current according to the preset current used to determine a minimum remaining charging time among the plurality of remaining charging times; and charging the battery according to the target charging request current.

[0005] In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, according to the initial state of charge and initial temperature of the battery, multiple remaining charging times that are consistent with the current state of the battery can be determined, and different remaining charging times can determine different target charging request currents. By determining the minimum remaining charging time, the target charging request current within the minimum remaining charging time can be selected from the target charging request currents within the multiple remaining charging times, so that the time required to charge the battery using the target charging request current within the minimum remaining charging time is less than the time required to charge the battery using the target charging request current within other remaining charging times, thereby reducing the battery charging time; in addition, the embodiment of the present application also has the following technical effects: multiple preset currents are determined according to the initial state of charge and initial temperature of the battery, so multiple preset currents can be flexibly determined according to the current state of the battery. Compared with the solution in which multiple preset currents do not match the current state of the battery, resulting in excessive current when charging the battery, which in turn has an adverse effect on the battery performance, the embodiment of the present application has less impact on the battery performance.

[0006] In some embodiments, an initial current is used to process multiple preset currents respectively to obtain multiple remaining charging times, including: using the initial current to process each of the multiple preset currents, determining multiple charging request currents corresponding to the multiple charging stages, and determining multiple charging times respectively according to the multiple charging request currents; determining the accumulated value of the multiple charging times as each of the multiple remaining charging times. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, for each preset current, the charging request current and charging time of multiple charging stages can be determined, and the charging time of each stage is determined according to the charging request current of each stage. Compared with the solution in which the battery management system cannot estimate the charging request current of each stage before charging the battery, resulting in inaccurate estimated remaining charging time, the embodiment of the present application can improve the accuracy of the estimated remaining charging time.

[0007] In some embodiments, determining a target charging request current according to a preset current used to determine the minimum remaining charging time among multiple remaining charging time periods includes: obtaining multiple charging request currents corresponding to multiple charging time periods for the preset current used; and determining multiple charging request currents corresponding to multiple charging time periods as the target charging request current. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, charging the battery according to multiple charging request currents corresponding to multiple charging time periods for the preset current used can reduce the battery charging time period.

[0008] In some embodiments, before determining the initial current based on the initial state of charge of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery, the method also includes: determining a maximum state of charge and a minimum state of charge among the states of charge of multiple battery cells in the battery, and a maximum temperature and a minimum temperature among the temperatures of the multiple battery cells; determining a first current based on the maximum state of charge and the maximum temperature, determining a second current based on the maximum state of charge and the minimum temperature, determining a third current based on the minimum state of charge and the maximum temperature, and determining a fourth current based on the minimum state of charge and the minimum temperature; determining the minimum current among the first current, the second current, the third current and the fourth current; and determining the state of charge and the temperature used to determine the minimum current as the initial state of charge and the initial temperature, respectively. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the initial state of charge and the initial temperature are determined based on the minimum current of four currents, and the four currents are determined based on the maximum state of charge, minimum state of charge, maximum temperature and minimum temperature of the battery cell, so that the determination of the initial state of charge and the initial temperature can take into account the limit state of charge and limit temperature of the battery cell, and the initial charging request current determined based on the initial state of charge and the initial temperature is less than or equal to the charging request current determined based on the current state of charge and the current temperature of each battery cell. In this way, the initial charging request current provided to each battery cell is less than or equal to the acceptable charging request current of each battery cell, thereby reducing the adverse effect of using excessive current to charge one or more battery cells in the battery and the performance of the battery cell.

[0009] In some embodiments, when the starting state of charge of each charging stage in multiple charging stages is greater than or equal to 0% state of charge and less than the first state of charge, or when the starting state of charge of each charging stage is greater than the second state of charge and less than 100% state of charge, the change in the state of charge of each charging stage is a third state of charge; when the starting state of charge of each charging stage is greater than or equal to the first state of charge and less than or equal to the second state of charge, the change in the state of charge of each charging stage is a fourth state of charge; wherein the third state of charge is less than the fourth state of charge. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, when the battery's state of charge is less than the first state of charge or greater than the second state of charge, the determined state of charge difference of each charging stage is small, and the battery management system can determine the charging request current of each stage according to the lower state of charge difference, so that the determined charging request current matches the battery's state of charge as much as possible to be less than the first state of charge or greater than the second state of charge, reducing the situation where the battery is damaged due to the mismatch between the battery's charging request current and the battery state; when the battery's state of charge is greater than or equal to the first state of charge and less than or equal to the second state of charge, the determined state of charge difference of each charging stage is large, and the battery management system can determine the charging request current of each stage according to the higher state of charge difference, thereby determining the charging request current for a smaller number of stages, reducing the calculation amount of the battery management system.

[0010] In some embodiments, the initial state of charge is the first state of charge, the initial temperature is the first temperature; the initial current is the first specific current; the multiple charging stages include the first to Kth charging stages, the multiple charging request currents include the first to Kth charging request currents, the multiple charging durations include the first to Kth charging durations, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the initial current is used to process each of the multiple preset currents to determine the multiple charging request currents corresponding to the multiple charging stages, and the multiple charging request currents are determined according to the multiple charging request currents. The charging duration includes: determining the smaller current between each preset current and the kth specific current as the kth charging request current of the kth charging stage; k is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K; determining the kth charging duration according to the kth charging request current and the change from the preset kth state of charge to the k+1th state of charge; determining the k+1th temperature according to the kth charging request current, the kth charging duration and the kth temperature; determining the k+1th specific current according to the k+1th temperature and the k+1th state of charge. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the charging duration of different stages is dynamically changed, and can be dynamically determined according to the battery state of charge and battery temperature of each stage. Compared with constant current charging, if the current temperature of the battery rises to the target temperature, the charging current will decrease, thereby determining the remaining charging duration according to the constant current charging, which will cause the determined remaining charging duration to be inaccurate. Therefore, compared with the constant current charging solution, the embodiment of the present application can improve the accuracy of the determined remaining charging duration.

[0011] In some embodiments, the k+1th temperature is determined according to the kth charging request current, the kth charging time and the kth temperature, including: when the kth temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, the kth temperature change is determined according to the kth charging request current, the kth charging time and the cooling power of the battery; when the kth temperature is less than the second temperature threshold, the kth temperature change is determined according to the kth charging request current, the kth charging time and the heat generation power of the battery; the first temperature threshold is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold; the k+1th temperature is determined according to the kth temperature and the kth temperature change. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, if the temperature of the battery is low, the battery needs to be heated, and if the temperature of the battery is high, the battery needs to be cooled, so that when the battery is heated, the temperature change of each stage needs to be determined according to the heat generation power, and when the battery is cooled, the temperature change of each stage needs to be determined according to the cooling power. Compared with the solution that does not consider the heat generation power or the cooling power, the embodiment of the present application can improve the accuracy of the determined temperature change of each stage.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery management system, which includes: a determination unit, used to: when the battery is connected to a power source, determine an initial current based on the initial state of charge of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery; use the initial current to process multiple preset currents respectively to obtain multiple remaining charging times; determine a target charging request current based on the preset current used to determine the minimum remaining charging time among the multiple remaining charging times; an execution unit, used to: charge the battery according to the target charging request current.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present application provides a battery management system, which includes: a processor and a memory; the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is used to execute the computer program to implement any of the above methods.

[0014] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification. These drawings illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure together with the specification.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided for some embodiments;

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a battery charging method in some embodiments Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a battery charging method in some embodiments Figure 2 ;

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a battery charging method in some embodiments Figure 3 ;

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a battery charging method in some embodiments Figure 4 ;

[0021] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a battery charging method in some embodiments Figure 5 ;

[0022] Figure 7 is a flow chart of a method for determining an initial state of charge and an initial temperature in some embodiments;

[0023] Figure 8is a flow chart of a method for determining multiple charging durations for each preset current in some embodiments;

[0024] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of a battery charging method in some embodiments Figure 6 ;

[0025] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery management system provided in some embodiments;

[0026] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a hardware entity of a battery management system provided for some embodiments.

[0027] Description of reference numerals:

[0028] Vehicle 100; Battery management system 110; Battery 120;

[0029] Determining unit 1110 ; executing unit 1120 ; processor 1130 ; memory 1140 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the embodiments of this application and the above-mentioned drawings and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0032] It should be noted that in the examples of the present application, "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0033] In addition, the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application can be combined arbitrarily without conflict. In the description of the present application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0034] At present, from the perspective of market development, the application of power batteries is becoming more and more extensive. Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of the application field of power batteries, the market demand is also constantly expanding.

[0035] In some scenarios, the battery charging strategy is: if the battery voltage is lower than the pre-charge threshold, the battery needs to be pre-charged, and the pre-charge current is about 10% of the current in the constant current charging stage. When the battery voltage reaches the pre-charge threshold, constant current charging is started until the battery voltage is close to or equal to the maximum charging voltage, and constant voltage charging is started. At this time, the battery charging voltage remains unchanged, and the current gradually decreases until charging is completed. In this charging strategy, since the battery temperature will rise during the charging process, if the battery temperature rises to the temperature threshold, the current charged to the battery will be reduced. In this way, the charging time of the battery cannot be estimated.

[0036] In order to reduce the time required for battery charging, the embodiment of the present application needs to optimize the charging strategy for charging the battery.

[0037] Based on the above considerations, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery charging method, which is applied to a battery management system (BMS). The battery management system uses an initial current to process multiple preset currents respectively to obtain multiple remaining charging times. The target charging request current is determined according to the preset current used to determine the minimum remaining charging time among the multiple remaining charging times. The initial current is determined according to the initial state of charge (SOC) of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery. Therefore, the initial current determined by the current battery state is used to process the multiple preset currents respectively to obtain multiple remaining charging times, and each remaining charging time matches the current battery state. Each remaining charging time corresponds to a charging strategy. The charging strategy corresponding to the minimum remaining charging time among the selected multiple remaining charging times is the charging strategy with the shortest time required to charge the battery among the multiple charging strategies. Therefore, the time required to charge the battery using the target charging request current corresponding to the minimum remaining charging time is less than the time required to charge the battery using the target charging request current corresponding to other remaining charging times, thereby reducing the battery charging time.

[0038] The battery charging method of any embodiment of the present application can be applied to a battery management system. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the battery charging method of the embodiment of the present application can be applied to any electronic device with a data processing function. The battery management system may be included in an electrical device. For example, the electrical device may include a vehicle, a ship, or an aircraft. For another example, the electrical device may include an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like. Among them, the electric toy may include a fixed or mobile electric toy, such as a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, and an electric airplane toy, and the like, and the spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, and a spacecraft, and the like. The vehicle in the embodiment of the present application may include a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle, a new energy vehicle, an electric bicycle, an electric motorcycle, or a scooter, and the like. In some embodiments, the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle, and the like.

[0039] The battery in the embodiment of the present application may include a power battery. In other embodiments, the battery may include any device for storing electrical energy formed by one or more battery cells.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in some embodiments. The vehicle 100 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery management system 110 and a battery 120 are provided inside the vehicle 100, and the battery management system 110 is used to manage the charging of the battery 120. The battery 120 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 100. The battery 120 may be used to power the vehicle 100, for example, the battery 120 may be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 100.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a battery charging method in some embodiments Figure 1 , the method is applied to a battery management system, the method comprising:

[0042] S201 . When a battery is connected to a power source, determine an initial current according to an initial state of charge of the battery and an initial temperature of the battery.

[0043] S202: using the initial current, respectively processing a plurality of preset currents to obtain a plurality of remaining charging times.

[0044] S203: Determine a target charging request current according to a preset current used to determine a minimum remaining charging time among multiple remaining charging time periods.

[0045] S204: Charge the battery according to the target charging request current.

[0046] In some embodiments, when the charging port of the vehicle is electrically connected to the charging gun head of the charging pile, the battery is connected to the power supply.

[0047] In some embodiments, S201 may include: when the battery is connected to a power source, obtaining an initial state of charge of the battery and an initial temperature of the battery, and determining an initial current according to the initial state of charge of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery.

[0048] In some embodiments, the battery may include multiple battery cells, and the battery management system can obtain the state of charge and temperature of each battery in the multiple battery cells, thereby obtaining multiple states of charge and multiple temperatures. In some embodiments, the initial state of charge may be the largest state of charge among multiple states of charge, and the initial temperature may be the highest temperature among multiple temperatures. In some embodiments, the initial state of charge may be the largest state of charge among multiple states of charge, and the initial temperature may be the lowest temperature among multiple temperatures. In some embodiments, the initial state of charge may be the smallest state of charge among multiple states of charge, and the initial temperature may be the highest temperature among multiple temperatures. In some embodiments, the initial state of charge may be the smallest state of charge among multiple states of charge, and the initial temperature may be the lowest temperature among multiple temperatures. In some embodiments, the initial state of charge may be the average of multiple states of charge, and the initial temperature may be the average of multiple temperatures. In some embodiments, the initial state of charge may be the median of multiple states of charge, and the initial temperature may be the median of multiple temperatures. In some embodiments, the initial state of charge may be the state of charge with the most repetitions among multiple states of charge, and the initial temperature may be the temperature with the most repetitions among multiple temperatures.

[0049] In some embodiments, the initial current is determined according to the initial state of charge of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery, including obtaining a first mapping table pre-built and stored in the memory of the battery management system, the first mapping table including the charging current corresponding to each state of charge interval and each temperature interval of the battery; according to the initial state of charge of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery, the charging current found in the first mapping table is determined as the initial current. Table 1 is a first mapping table of charging currents corresponding to each SOC interval and each temperature (T) interval.

[0050] Table 1

[0051]

[0052] Exemplarily, if the initial state of charge is 25% and the initial temperature is -25° C., the initial current is I4. Exemplarily, if the initial state of charge is 0% and the initial temperature is 50° C., the initial current is I9.

[0053] It should be noted that Table 1 exemplarily lists the initial currents I1 to I9, and other unfilled parts should also have corresponding initial currents, that is, each state of charge interval and each temperature interval corresponds to an initial current, for example, [50, 60%) and [20, 30%) also correspond to an initial current I10. This embodiment of the application does not list them one by one.

[0054] It should be noted that Table 1 only illustrates the charging current corresponding to each state of charge (SOC) interval and each temperature (T) interval. In actual applications, the state of charge interval may have other interval values, and the temperature interval may have other interval values. For example, the state of charge span difference of different state of charge intervals is the same, and the state of charge span difference may be 5% or 10%. For another example, the span difference of different temperature intervals may be 5°C.

[0055] In some embodiments, a plurality of preset currents may be predefined and stored in a memory of the battery management system so that a processing unit in the battery management system can read the plurality of preset currents from the memory. In other embodiments, the maximum charging current of the battery charging is determined according to the initial state of charge and the initial temperature of the battery, and the plurality of preset currents are determined according to the maximum charging current of the battery charging. For example, the maximum value of the plurality of preset currents is equal to the maximum charging current of the battery charging. Among them, the maximum charging current of the battery charging may be the maximum charging current that can be used in the process of charging the battery from the initial state of charge to 100% state of charge at the initial temperature. For example, a second mapping table may be stored in the memory of the battery management system, and the second mapping table includes the maximum charging current in each temperature interval of a plurality of temperature intervals and each state of charge interval of a plurality of state of charge intervals. The battery management system may search the corresponding maximum charging current from the second mapping table according to the initial state of charge and the initial temperature. For another example, the battery management system may perform corresponding calculations on the initial state of charge and the initial temperature to obtain the corresponding maximum charging current.

[0056] S202 may have multiple implementations, which are described below by way of example:

[0057] In some embodiments, S202 may include: using an initial current to process each of a plurality of preset currents, determining a plurality of charging request currents corresponding to a plurality of charging stages, respectively, and determining a plurality of charging times according to the plurality of charging request currents; and determining a cumulative value of the plurality of charging times as each of a plurality of remaining charging times.

[0058] In other embodiments, S202 may include: when the initial state of charge is less than a preset first state of charge, determining a first charging duration of the first charging stage according to the change between the initial state of charge and the first state of charge and the initial current; determining a second charging duration of each second charging stage according to the change from the first state of charge to a preset second state of charge, each preset current and the first charging current corresponding to the first state of charge to the second state of charge; determining a third charging duration of the third charging stage according to the change from the second state of charge to 100% state of charge and the second charging current corresponding to the second state of charge to 100% state of charge; and determining the cumulative value of the first charging duration, each second charging duration and the third charging duration as each remaining charging duration. In some embodiments, determining the second charging duration of each second charging stage according to the change from the first state of charge to the preset second state of charge, each preset current, and the first charging current corresponding to the change from the first state of charge to the second state of charge may include: determining the second charging duration of each second charging stage according to the change from the first state of charge to the preset second state of charge, and the average value, the larger value, or the smaller value of each preset current and the first charging current. In some embodiments, the first charging current and / or the second charging current may be preset values. In other embodiments, the first charging current and / or the second charging current may be determined according to the battery model and / or the battery state of health (State Of Health, SOH).

[0059] In some other embodiments, when the initial state of charge is greater than or equal to the first state of charge and less than or equal to the second state of charge, the fourth charging duration of each first charging stage is determined according to the change from the initial state of charge to the preset second state of charge, and each preset current and the initial current; the third charging duration of the second charging stage is determined according to the change from the second state of charge to 100% state of charge and the second charging current corresponding to the second state of charge to 100% state of charge; and the accumulated value of each fourth charging duration and the third charging duration is determined as each remaining charging duration. In some embodiments, determining the fourth charging duration of each first charging stage according to the change from the initial state of charge to the preset second state of charge, and each preset current and the initial current may include: determining the fourth charging duration of each first charging stage according to the change from the initial state of charge to the preset second state of charge, and the average value, the larger value, or the smaller value of each preset current and the initial current.

[0060] In some embodiments, the plurality of preset currents may be N preset currents, and N remaining charging times corresponding to the N preset currents are determined respectively, and each remaining charging time is determined according to each preset current and each initial current.

[0061] In some embodiments, the plurality of preset currents may be determined in a variety of ways.

[0062] For example, a plurality of preset currents may be pre-stored in a memory in the battery management system, so that the battery management system reads the plurality of preset currents from the memory.

[0063] For another example, according to the initial state of charge, the maximum charging current of the battery from the initial state of charge to 100% state of charge is determined; according to the preset charging current interval and the maximum charging current, a plurality of preset currents are determined.

[0064] For another example, the maximum charging current of the battery from the initial state of charge to 100% state of charge is determined according to the initial temperature; and a plurality of preset currents are determined according to the preset charging current interval and the maximum charging current.

[0065] For another example, the maximum charging current of the battery from the initial state of charge to 100% state of charge is determined according to the initial state of charge and the initial temperature; and a plurality of preset currents are determined according to the preset charging current interval and the maximum charging current.

[0066] In some embodiments, the maximum current among multiple preset currents is the same as the maximum charging current. In some embodiments, the minimum current among multiple preset currents may be a predetermined value, and the predetermined value may be a natural number greater than 0. Exemplarily, the predetermined value may be 0.1A, 1A, or 3A, etc. In some embodiments, the predetermined value may be pre-stored in a memory in the battery management system so that the battery management system reads the predetermined value from the memory. In some embodiments, the predetermined values ​​corresponding to different initial states of charge and / or different initial temperatures are the same. In other embodiments, the minimum current among multiple preset currents may be the charging current of the battery when the change value of the state of charge is a first specific value within a preset time period, and / or the change value of the temperature is a second specific value. Among them, the second specific value may be a real number greater than 0, less than 0, or equal to 0. For example, the second specific value is 0, -1°C, 1°C, or 3°C, etc.

[0067] In some embodiments, the plurality of preset currents may be determined according to a preset charging current interval and a maximum charging current. In other embodiments, the plurality of preset currents may be determined according to a preset charging current interval and a predetermined value.

[0068] In some embodiments, the preset charging current intervals may be stored in the memory of the battery management unit, and the preset charging current intervals may include A1 intervals. The battery management unit may determine the maximum charging current as the first preset current, determine the second preset current according to the first preset current and the first interval (for example, the first preset current minus the first interval), and determine the third preset current according to the second preset current and the second interval (for example, the second preset current minus the second interval), until it is determined that the A2th preset current is less than or equal to 0, then the battery management unit may determine the first preset current to the A2th minus 1st preset current as multiple preset currents. Among them, A1 may be greater than A2.

[0069] S203 may have multiple implementations, which are described below by way of example:

[0070] In some embodiments, S203 may include: acquiring a plurality of charging request currents corresponding to a plurality of charging durations for a preset current used; and determining the plurality of charging request currents corresponding to the plurality of charging durations as a target charging request current.

[0071] In other embodiments, S203 may include: obtaining an initial current corresponding to the first charging duration, a first calculated current corresponding to the second charging duration, and a second charging current corresponding to the third charging duration determined by the preset current used; determining the initial current corresponding to the first charging duration, the first calculated current corresponding to the second charging duration, and the second charging current corresponding to the third charging duration as the target charging request current. The first calculated current is the average value, the larger value, or the smaller value of the preset current used and the first charging current.

[0072] In some other embodiments, S203 may include: obtaining a second calculated current corresponding to the fourth charging duration and a second charging current corresponding to the third charging duration determined by the preset current used; and determining the second calculated current corresponding to the fourth charging duration and the second charging current corresponding to the third charging duration as the target charging request current. The second calculated current is the average value, the larger value, or the smaller value of the preset current used and the initial current.

[0073] In some embodiments, charging the battery may include managing the charging of the battery.

[0074] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, multiple remaining charging times that are consistent with the current state of the battery can be determined based on the initial state of charge and the initial temperature of the battery. Different remaining charging times can determine different target charging request currents. By determining the minimum remaining charging time, the target charging request current within the minimum remaining charging time can be selected from the target charging request currents within the multiple remaining charging times. Therefore, the time required to charge the battery using the target charging request current within the minimum remaining charging time is less than the time required to charge the battery using the target charging request currents within other remaining charging times, thereby reducing the battery charging time.

[0075] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a battery charging method in some embodiments Figure 2 , this method is applied to battery management systems, Figure 3 Example compared to Figure 2 The difference between the embodiments is that Figure 2 Before S202, the method may further include the following steps:

[0076] S301 : Determine a maximum charging current of a battery from an initial state of charge to a 100% state of charge according to an initial state of charge and an initial temperature.

[0077] S302. Determine a plurality of preset currents according to a preset charging current interval and a maximum charging current; wherein the maximum current among the plurality of preset currents is the same as the maximum charging current.

[0078] The embodiments of the present application do not limit the order of determining multiple preset currents and determining the initial current. For example, the initial current can be determined first, and then each preset current in the multiple preset currents can be determined. For another example, each preset current in the multiple preset currents can be determined first, and then the initial current can be determined. For another example, determining multiple preset currents and determining the initial current can be performed in parallel.

[0079] In some embodiments, the preset charging current intervals may be stored in a memory of the battery management system, and the preset charging current intervals may be the same or different.

[0080] In some embodiments, the preset charging current intervals are the same. For example, if the maximum charging current of the battery from the initial state of charge to 100% is determined to be 1000 mA, and the preset charging current interval is 200 mA, the multiple preset currents determined may be 200 mA, 400 mA, 600 mA, 800 mA, and 1000 mA.

[0081] In some embodiments, the preset charging current intervals are different. For example, the maximum charging current of the battery from the initial state of charge to 100% is determined to be 1000 mA, the preset charging current intervals are 100 mA and 300 mA, the multiple preset currents may be densely spaced around 500 mA, and the multiple preset currents may be 100 mA, 400 mA, 500 mA, 600 mA, 700 mA, and 1000 mA.

[0082] In some embodiments, the preset charging current interval may be determined according to the operation speed and / or response speed of the battery management unit. For example, if the operation speed and / or response speed is higher, the preset charging current interval may be smaller, and conversely, if the operation speed and / or response speed is lower, the preset charging current interval may be larger.

[0083] In some embodiments, at different initial states of charge and / or different initial temperatures, the number of preset currents in the corresponding multiple preset currents may be the same or different. Exemplarily, the number of preset currents in the multiple preset currents may be flexibly determined according to the current initial state of charge of the battery and the current initial temperature of the battery, and / or, the number of preset currents in the multiple preset currents may be determined according to a preset charging current interval. For example, the lower the current initial state of charge, and / or, the lower the current initial temperature, the larger the corresponding maximum charging current, and the more the number of preset currents in the multiple preset currents may be. For example, the smaller the charging current interval, the more the number of preset currents in the multiple preset currents may be.

[0084] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, multiple preset currents are determined according to the initial state of charge and initial temperature of the battery. Therefore, each of the multiple preset currents can be flexibly determined according to the current state of the battery. Compared with the solution in which the multiple preset currents do not match the current state of the battery, resulting in excessive current when charging the battery, which in turn has an adverse effect on the battery performance, the embodiment of the present application has less impact on the battery performance.

[0085] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a battery charging method in some embodiments Figure 3 , this method is applied to battery management systems, Figure 4 Example compared to Figure 2 The difference between the embodiments is that Figure 2 S202 in the method includes the following steps:

[0086] S401, using an initial current, processing each of a plurality of preset currents, determining a plurality of charging request currents corresponding to a plurality of charging stages, and determining a plurality of charging durations according to the plurality of charging request currents.

[0087] S402: Determine the accumulated value of the multiple charging time periods as each remaining charging time period in the multiple remaining charging time periods.

[0088] In some embodiments, multiple charging stages may be preset. For example, multiple charging stages may correspond to multiple state of charge ranges. The span difference of the state of charge ranges corresponding to different charging stages may be the same or different.

[0089] In some embodiments, the multiple preset currents include N preset currents. For each preset current, the battery management system can determine the corresponding multiple charging request currents and multiple charging times, and determine the accumulated value of the multiple charging times corresponding to each preset current as each remaining charging time.

[0090] For example, multiple preset currents include preset current 1 and preset current 2; for preset current 1, the battery management system can determine multiple charging request currents and multiple charging times corresponding to preset current 1, and determine the accumulated value of the multiple charging times corresponding to preset current 1 as the remaining charging time corresponding to preset current 1; for preset current 2, the battery management system can determine multiple charging request currents and multiple charging times corresponding to preset current 2, and determine the accumulated value of the multiple charging times corresponding to preset current 2 as the remaining charging time corresponding to preset current 2.

[0091] In some embodiments, an initial current is used to process each of a plurality of preset currents to determine a plurality of charging request currents corresponding to a plurality of charging stages, and a plurality of charging durations are determined respectively according to the plurality of charging request currents. This may include: in a first charging stage corresponding to an initial state of charge and a first state of charge, determining the initial current as a first charging request current corresponding to the first charging stage; in a second charging stage corresponding to a first state of charge to a second state of charge, determining an average value, a larger value, or a smaller value of the initial current and each preset current as a second charging request current corresponding to the second charging stage; in a third charging stage corresponding to a second state of charge to a 100% state of charge, determining the second charging current as a third charging request current corresponding to the third charging stage; and determining three charging durations respectively according to the first charging request current, the second charging request current, and the third charging request current.

[0092] In other embodiments, the initial current is used to process each of the multiple preset currents to determine multiple charging request currents corresponding to the multiple charging stages, and multiple charging durations are determined respectively based on the multiple charging request currents, which can include: in a first charging stage corresponding to the initial charge state to the second charge state, the average value, the larger value or the smaller value of the initial current and each preset current is determined as a fourth charging request current corresponding to the first charging stage; in a second charging stage corresponding to the second charge state to 100% charge state, the second charging current is determined as a third charging request current corresponding to the second charging stage; and two charging durations are determined respectively based on the first charging request current and the second charging request current.

[0093] In some embodiments, calculations of multiple remaining charging times determined respectively according to multiple preset currents may be performed in parallel.

[0094] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a battery charging method in some embodiments Figure 4 The method is applied to a battery management system. The method interprets the three preset currents as three preset currents, and determines three charging currents corresponding to three charging stages according to each preset current. The method includes:

[0095] S501 . When a battery is connected to a power source, determine an initial current according to an initial state of charge of the battery and an initial temperature of the battery.

[0096] S502. Determine charging request currents 1-3 corresponding to the three charging stages respectively according to the initial current and the preset current 1; determine charging request currents 4-6 corresponding to the three charging stages respectively according to the initial current and the preset current 2; determine charging request currents 7-9 corresponding to the three charging stages respectively according to the initial current and the preset current 3.

[0097] S503, determining charging durations 1-3 respectively according to charging request currents 1-3; determining charging durations 4-6 respectively according to charging request currents 4-6; and determining charging durations 7-9 respectively according to charging request currents 7-9.

[0098] S504, the accumulated value of charging time 1-3 is determined as remaining charging time 1; the accumulated value of charging time 4-6 is determined as remaining charging time 2; the accumulated value of charging time 7-9 is determined as remaining charging time 3.

[0099] S505 : Determine the charging request current at the charging time corresponding to the minimum remaining charging time among the remaining charging time 1-3 as the target charging request current.

[0100] For example, if the minimum remaining charging time is a remaining charging time of 2, the charging request current under the determined charging time is the charging request current 4-6 corresponding to the charging time 4-6 respectively.

[0101] S506: Charge the battery according to the target charging request current.

[0102] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, for each preset current, the charging request current and charging time of multiple charging stages can be determined, and the charging time of each stage is determined according to the charging request current of each stage. Compared with the solution in which the battery management system cannot estimate the charging request current of each stage before charging the battery, resulting in inaccurate estimated remaining charging time, the embodiment of the present application can improve the accuracy of the estimated remaining charging time.

[0103] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a battery charging method in some embodiments Figure 5 , this method is applied to battery management systems, Figure 6 Example compared to Figure 4 The difference between the embodiments is that Figure 4 The S203 includes:

[0104] S601: Acquire multiple charging request currents corresponding to multiple charging durations of the preset current used.

[0105] S602: Determine a plurality of charging request currents corresponding to a plurality of charging durations as a target charging request current.

[0106] For example, the preset current used is , then the above Determine multiple charging times Multiple charging request currents corresponding to each ,Will Corresponding to , determined as the target charging request current.

[0107] In this way, when the target charging request current is used to charge the battery, the first charging time is Use charge request current Charge, then charge for the second time Use charge request current Charge until the last charge time Use charge request current Charging, charging is completed, the battery capacity is 100%, or, during charging, the battery is disconnected from the power source, charging is completed, and the battery capacity is less than 100%.

[0108] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the battery is charged according to multiple charging request currents corresponding to multiple charging time periods, which can reduce the battery charging time period.

[0109] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for determining an initial state of charge and an initial temperature in some embodiments. The method is applied to a battery management system. The method may be performed when the battery is connected to a power source. The method includes:

[0110] S701 : Determine a maximum state of charge and a minimum state of charge among states of charge of a plurality of battery cells in a battery, and a maximum temperature and a minimum temperature among temperatures of a plurality of battery cells.

[0111] S702, determine a first current according to a maximum state of charge and a maximum temperature, determine a second current according to a maximum state of charge and a minimum temperature, determine a third current according to a minimum state of charge and a maximum temperature, and determine a fourth current according to a minimum state of charge and a minimum temperature.

[0112] S703 , determining a minimum current among the first current, the second current, the third current, and the fourth current.

[0113] S704 , determining the state of charge and temperature used to determine the minimum current as the initial state of charge and initial temperature, respectively.

[0114] For example, if the minimum current among the first current, the second current, the third current, and the fourth current is the first current, the maximum state of charge and the maximum temperature are respectively determined as the initial state of charge and the initial temperature. For another example, if the minimum current among the first current, the second current, the third current, and the fourth current is the third current, the minimum state of charge and the maximum temperature are respectively determined as the initial state of charge and the initial temperature.

[0115] In some embodiments, when the initial state of charge and the initial temperature are determined, the initial current may be determined according to the initial state of charge of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery.

[0116] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the initial state of charge and the initial temperature are determined based on the minimum current of four currents, and the four currents are determined based on the maximum state of charge, minimum state of charge, maximum temperature and minimum temperature of the battery cell, so that the determination of the initial state of charge and the initial temperature can take into account the limit state of charge and limit temperature of the battery cell, and the initial charging request current determined based on the initial state of charge and the initial temperature is less than or equal to the charging request current determined based on the current state of charge and the current temperature of each battery cell. In this way, the initial charging request current provided to each battery cell is less than or equal to the acceptable charging request current of each battery cell, thereby reducing the adverse effect of using excessive current to charge one or more battery cells in the battery and the performance of the battery cell.

[0117] In some embodiments, when the starting state of charge of each charging stage in multiple charging stages is greater than or equal to 0% state of charge and less than the first state of charge, or when the starting state of charge of each charging stage is greater than the second state of charge and less than 100% state of charge, the change in state of charge of each charging stage is a third state of charge; when the starting state of charge of each charging stage is greater than or equal to the first state of charge and less than or equal to the second state of charge, the change in state of charge of each charging stage is a fourth state of charge; wherein the third state of charge is less than the fourth state of charge.

[0118] For example, when the kth state of charge is greater than or equal to 0% state of charge and less than the first state of charge, or when the kth state of charge is greater than the second state of charge and less than 100% state of charge, the change in state of charge is the third state of charge; when the kth state of charge is greater than or equal to the first state of charge and less than or equal to the second state of charge, the change in state of charge is the fourth state of charge.

[0119] For the description of the first to fourth charge states, please refer to the above description and will not be repeated here.

[0120] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, when the battery's state of charge is less than the first state of charge or greater than the second state of charge, the determined state of charge difference of each charging stage is small, and the battery management system can determine the charging request current of each stage according to the lower state of charge difference, so that the determined charging request current matches the battery's state of charge as much as possible to a state less than the first state of charge or greater than the second state of charge, thereby reducing the situation where the battery is damaged due to the mismatch between the battery's charging request current and the battery state; when the battery's state of charge is greater than or equal to the first state of charge and less than or equal to the second state of charge, the determined state of charge difference of each charging stage is large, and the battery management system can determine the charging request current of each stage according to the higher state of charge difference, thereby determining the charging request current for a smaller number of stages, reducing the calculation amount of the battery management system.

[0121] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 8 A flow chart of a method for determining multiple charging durations for each preset current in some embodiments, wherein the initial state of charge is the first state of charge, the initial temperature is the first temperature; the initial current is the first specific current; the multiple charging stages include the first to Kth charging stages, the multiple charging request currents include the first to Kth charging request currents, the multiple charging durations include the first to Kth charging durations, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the method is applied to a battery management system, and the method includes:

[0122] S801. Determine a smaller current between each preset current and the kth specific current as a kth charging request current in the kth charging stage.

[0123] Here, k is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K.

[0124] In the embodiment of the present application, the preset current may include , until Etc. In the present embodiment, a preset current is used as The method for determining K charging durations is described by taking an example.

[0125] Among them, the kth specific current is expressed as , the kth charging request current is expressed as The calculation formula is .

[0126] S802: Determine a kth charging duration according to a kth charging request current and a change amount from a preset kth state of charge to a k+1th state of charge.

[0127] In some embodiments, the change amount from the kth state of charge to the k+1th state of charge can be determined according to the kth state of charge. For example, when the kth state of charge is greater than or equal to 0% and less than the first state of charge, the change amount of the state of charge is the third state of charge, when the kth state of charge is greater than the second state of charge and less than 100%, the change amount of the state of charge is the fourth state of charge; when the kth state of charge is greater than the second state of charge and less than 100%, the change amount of the state of charge is the fifth state of charge. Among them, the fourth state of charge is greater than the third state of charge, the fourth state of charge is greater than the fifth state of charge, and the third state of charge is less than or greater than or equal to the fifth state of charge. For another example, when the kth state of charge is greater than or equal to 0% and less than the first state of charge, or when the kth state of charge is greater than the second state of charge and less than 100%, the change in the state of charge is the third state of charge; when the kth state of charge is greater than or equal to the first state of charge and less than or equal to the second state of charge, the change in the state of charge is the fourth state of charge; wherein the third state of charge is less than the fourth state of charge.

[0128] In some embodiments, at least one of the third state of charge, the fourth state of charge, and the fifth state of charge is a fixed value. For example, the value range of the third state of charge is 0.1%-5%. For example, the value range of the fourth state of charge is 2% to 20%. For example, the value range of the fifth state of charge is 0.1%-5%. For example, the third state of charge is 0.1%, 1%, 2% or 5%. For example, the fourth state of charge is 2%, 5%, 10% or 20%. For example, the fifth state of charge is 0.1%, 1%, 2% or 5%. For example, the third state of charge is 1%, the fourth state of charge is 5%, and the fifth state of charge is 1%. For another example, the third state of charge is 1%, the fourth state of charge is 5%, and the fifth state of charge is 0.5%. For another example, the third state of charge is 0.5%, the fourth state of charge is 5%, and the fifth state of charge is 1%.

[0129] In some embodiments, the first state of charge may be the maximum state of charge of pre-charging in the related art. In some embodiments, the second state of charge may be the maximum state of charge of constant current charging in the related art. In other embodiments, the first state of charge and / or the second state of charge may be predefined. For example, the value range of the first state of charge may be 2% to 20%. The value range of the second state of charge may be 80% to 98%. For example, the first state of charge is 2%, 5%, 10% or 20%, etc. For example, the second state of charge is 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 98%, etc.

[0130] In some embodiments, S502 may include: determining the kth charging duration according to the kth charging request current, the capacity of the battery, and the change from the preset kth state of charge to the k+1th state of charge. For example, S502 may include: determining the kth charging duration according to the capacity of the battery, multiplied by the product of the change from the preset kth state of charge to the k+1th state of charge, and then divided by the result of the kth charging request current. In any embodiment of the present application, the capacity of the battery may include one of the following: the nominal capacity of the battery, the current maximum capacity of the battery, and the product of the nominal capacity of the battery and the health status of the battery. Among them, the nominal capacity of the battery refers to the capacity value marked by the battery manufacturer for this model of battery during the production process.

[0131] Among them, The charging time is expressed as , No. The change from the kth state of charge to the k+1th state of charge is expressed as , the capacity of the battery is expressed as The calculation formula is .

[0132] S803 . Determine a k+1th temperature according to the kth charging request current, the kth charging time, and the kth temperature.

[0133] In some embodiments, S503 may include: determining a kth temperature change amount according to a kth charging request current and a kth charging duration; and determining a k+1th temperature according to the kth temperature and the kth temperature change amount.

[0134] In some embodiments, determining the kth temperature change according to the kth charging request current and the kth charging duration may include: determining the kth temperature change according to the kth charging request current, the internal resistance of the battery, the specific heat capacity of the battery (unit J / (kg·℃) or J / (kg·K)), the mass of the battery (unit kg) and the kth charging duration. In any embodiment of the present application, the internal resistance of the battery can be determined according to the internal resistance of all battery cells in the battery. The internal resistance of each battery cell can be determined according to the state of charge and temperature of each battery cell.

[0135] Among them, the kth temperature change is expressed as , the internal resistance of the battery is expressed as , the specific heat capacity of the battery is expressed as , the mass of the battery is expressed as The calculation formula is In some embodiments, the cooling of the battery or the heat generation of the battery may also be considered. When the battery cooling system is turned on, . With the battery's heat generation system turned on, . Indicates the cooling power of the battery. Indicates the heat generation power of the battery.

[0136] In some embodiments, Can be a fixed value. In some embodiments, Can be a fixed value.

[0137] In some embodiments, In different situations, according to Determine, for example, indivual In some embodiments, In different situations, according to Determine, for example, indivual .

[0138] Among them, the k+1th temperature is expressed as , the calculation formula is .

[0139] S804 . Determine a k+1th specific current according to the k+1th temperature and the k+1th state of charge.

[0140] In some embodiments, the implementation of S504 is similar to the implementation of determining the initial current according to the initial state of charge of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery, and both are obtained through the first mapping table.

[0141] The k+1th specific current is expressed as , the k+1th state of charge is expressed as , the k+1th temperature is expressed as The calculation formula is = .

[0142] The following describes a preset current 1 (expressed as ) multiple charging time determination methods: =1, according to = , get the first specific current (ie initial current); according to Calculate the first charging request current; according to Calculate the first charging time; according to , or , calculate the first temperature change; according to Calculate the second temperature; according to = Calculate the second specific current. In this way, when the second temperature and the second specific current are obtained, k=2 again, and continue to calculate the second charging request current, the second charging time, the second temperature change, the third temperature and the third specific current until the k+1th state of charge is the maximum state of charge or 100%.

[0143] In the embodiment of the present application, after obtaining multiple charging durations corresponding to the multiple charging stages, In the case of , a preset current can be obtained by summing up multiple charging times. Remaining charging time In addition, the battery management system can also use similar methods to obtain other preset currents. , ,…, etc. The minimum remaining charging time can be calculated by After obtaining the minimum remaining charging time, the preset current corresponding to the minimum remaining charging time can be determined. For example, the preset current is , and then use Definite Corresponding to , determined as the target charging request current.

[0144] In addition, the embodiment of the present application determines the smaller current between each preset current and the specific current of each stage as the charging request current for each stage. Compared with the scheme in which the larger current between each preset current and the specific current of each stage is determined as the charging request current for each stage, the changing temperature of the battery in each stage can be reduced, thereby reducing the adverse effects of the battery temperature increase on the battery performance.

[0145] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the charging time of different stages changes dynamically and can be dynamically determined according to the battery state of charge and battery temperature in each stage. Compared with constant current charging, if the current temperature of the battery rises to the target temperature, the charging current will decrease, thereby determining the remaining charging time based on the constant current charging, which will cause the determined remaining charging time to be inaccurate. Therefore, compared with the constant current charging solution, the embodiment of the present application can improve the accuracy of the determined remaining charging time.

[0146] In some embodiments, the k+1th temperature is determined based on the kth charging request current, the kth charging time and the kth temperature, including: when the kth temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, the kth temperature change is determined based on the kth charging request current, the kth charging time and the cooling power of the battery; when the kth temperature is less than the second temperature threshold, the kth temperature change is determined based on the kth charging request current, the kth charging time and the heat generation power of the battery; the first temperature threshold is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold; the k+1th temperature is determined based on the kth temperature and the kth temperature change.

[0147] For example, if the first temperature threshold is greater than the second temperature threshold, when the kth temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, the kth temperature change amount ( ); When the kth temperature is less than the first temperature threshold and greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, there is no need to generate heat or cool the battery, and the kth temperature change is determined according to the kth charging request current and the kth charging time ( ); when the kth temperature is less than the second temperature threshold, determine the kth temperature change amount ( ).

[0148] For another example, if the first temperature threshold is equal to the second temperature threshold, when the kth temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, the kth temperature change amount ( ); when the kth temperature is less than the second temperature threshold, determine the kth temperature change amount ( ).

[0149] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, if the temperature of the battery is low, the battery needs to generate heat, and if the temperature of the battery is high, the battery needs to be cooled. Therefore, when the battery generates heat, the changing temperature of each stage needs to be determined according to the heat generation power, and when the battery is cooled, the changing temperature of each stage needs to be determined according to the cooling power. Compared with the solution that does not consider the heat generation power or the cooling power, the embodiment of the present application can improve the accuracy of the determined changing temperature of each stage.

[0150] When charging a battery, if the charging current is large, the battery temperature rises rapidly, which will affect the battery life. If the battery temperature is greater than the temperature threshold, the charging current for charging the battery will be reduced, and the reduction in charging current will lead to a longer charging time. However, how to determine the charging current during charging so that the battery charging time is shortened has always been a concern in the field.

[0151] The related art also does not consider the need to divide the remaining charging time into multiple charging stages to calculate the remaining charging time, resulting in inaccurate calculation of the remaining charging time and no precise control of the current in multiple charging stages.

[0152] In the embodiment of the present application, it is proposed to calculate the different remaining charging times corresponding to different preset currents, and determine the target current for charging the battery according to the preset current with the shortest remaining charging time. In addition, a step-by-step calculation model for the remaining time is introduced to estimate the remaining time. In addition, a temperature rise model (such as a temperature rise path) for different currents is introduced to accurately estimate the temperature change during the entire charging process, and to find the optimal temperature rise path and the corresponding requested current.

[0153] The embodiment of the present application takes into account the change process of the requested current during the charging process, reduces the adverse effect of high temperature on the charging time, and shortens the charging time. In addition, the accuracy of the remaining charging time estimation is improved, the accuracy of the estimation of the temperature during the entire charging process is improved, and the temperature rise path and the corresponding requested current are optimized.

[0154] Reference Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of a battery charging method in some embodiments Figure 6 , the method is applied to a battery management system, the method comprising:

[0155] S901, from =1, determine the Charge request current . With a preset current For example, , .

[0156] Among them, Charge request current According to multiple preset currents ( , , , …, ) in each preset current, initial state of charge ( ) and the initial temperature ( )Sure

[0157] S902, determine Charging time, The temperature change, Temperature; among them, ; ; .

[0158] It should be noted that, in S902, Can be replaced by or .

[0159] S903, determine A specific current; where .

[0160] Then, go to S901 to calculate the A charging request current; that is .

[0161] Through the above steps, multiple charging time lengths corresponding to each of the multiple preset currents can be obtained. In the embodiment of the present application, different preset currents correspond to same.

[0162] S904: Determine the remaining charging time (also referred to as the total charging time) corresponding to the plurality of preset currents. . With preset current For example, the corresponding multiple charging times are calculated above , then the remaining charging time .

[0163] S905, determining the minimum remaining charging time; .

[0164] Among them, S901 to SS905 are steps of determining the remaining charging time corresponding to different preset currents according to different preset currents.

[0165] S906: Determine a preset current corresponding to a minimum remaining charging time, and determine multiple charging time periods and multiple charging request currents according to the preset current.

[0166] Based on the foregoing embodiments, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery management system, which includes the units included and the modules included in the units, which can be implemented by a processor in the battery management system; of course, it can also be implemented by a specific logic circuit.

[0167] Reference Fig.10 , Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery management system provided in some embodiments, wherein the battery management system 110 includes:

[0168] The determining unit 1110 is used to: determine an initial current according to an initial state of charge of the battery and an initial temperature of the battery when the battery is connected to a power source; use the initial current to process multiple preset currents respectively to obtain multiple remaining charging times; determine a target charging request current according to the preset current used to determine the minimum remaining charging time among the multiple remaining charging times;

[0169] The execution unit 1120 is used to charge the battery according to the target charging request current.

[0170] In some embodiments, the determination unit 1110 is further used to: determine the maximum charging current of the battery from the initial state of charge to 100% state of charge based on the initial state of charge and the initial temperature; determine multiple preset currents based on a preset charging current interval and the maximum charging current; wherein the maximum current among the multiple preset currents is the same as the maximum charging current.

[0171] In some embodiments, the determination unit 1110 is also used to: use the initial current to process each of the multiple preset currents, determine multiple charging request currents corresponding to the multiple charging stages, and determine multiple charging times according to the multiple charging request currents; determine the accumulated value of the multiple charging times as each of the multiple remaining charging times.

[0172] In some embodiments, the determination unit 1110 is further used to: obtain multiple charging request currents corresponding to multiple charging durations respectively determined by the preset current used; and determine the multiple charging request currents corresponding to the multiple charging durations respectively as the target charging request current.

[0173] In some embodiments, the determination unit 1110 is further used to: determine the maximum state of charge and the minimum state of charge among the states of charge of multiple battery cells in the battery, and the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature among the temperatures of multiple battery cells; determine a first current according to the maximum state of charge and the maximum temperature, determine a second current according to the maximum state of charge and the minimum temperature, determine a third current according to the minimum state of charge and the maximum temperature, and determine a fourth current according to the minimum state of charge and the minimum temperature; determine the minimum current among the first current, the second current, the third current and the fourth current; and determine the state of charge and the temperature used to determine the minimum current as the initial state of charge and the initial temperature, respectively.

[0174] In some embodiments, when the starting state of charge of each charging stage in multiple charging stages is greater than or equal to 0% state of charge and less than the first state of charge, or when the starting state of charge of each charging stage is greater than the second state of charge and less than 100% state of charge, the change in state of charge of each charging stage is a third state of charge; when the starting state of charge of each charging stage is greater than or equal to the first state of charge and less than or equal to the second state of charge, the change in state of charge of each charging stage is a fourth state of charge; wherein the third state of charge is less than the fourth state of charge.

[0175] In some embodiments, the initial state of charge is the 1st state of charge, the initial temperature is the 1st temperature; the initial current is the 1st specific current; the multiple charging stages include the 1st to the Kth charging stages, the multiple charging request currents include the 1st to the Kth charging request currents, and the multiple charging durations include the 1st to the Kth charging durations, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the determination unit 1110 is also used to: determine the smaller current between each preset current and the kth specific current as the kth charging request current of the kth charging stage; k is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K; determine the kth charging duration based on the kth charging request current and the change from the preset kth state of charge to the k+1th state of charge; determine the k+1th temperature based on the kth charging request current, the kth charging duration and the kth temperature; determine the k+1th specific current based on the k+1th temperature and the k+1th state of charge.

[0176] In some embodiments, the determination unit 1110 is also used to: when the kth temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, determine the kth temperature change according to the kth charging request current, the kth charging time and the cooling power of the battery; when the kth temperature is less than the second temperature threshold, determine the kth temperature change according to the kth charging request current, the kth charging time and the heat generation power of the battery; the first temperature threshold is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold; determine the k+1th temperature based on the kth temperature and the kth temperature change.

[0177] The description of the battery management system embodiment above is similar to the description of the method embodiment above, and has similar beneficial effects as the method embodiment. For technical details not disclosed in the device embodiment of the present application, please refer to the description of the method embodiment of the present application for understanding.

[0178] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, if the above-mentioned battery charging method is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the relevant technology can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions for a battery management system to execute all or part of the methods of each embodiment of the present application.

[0179] Reference Fig.11 , Fig.11 The hardware entity diagram of the battery management system provided in some embodiments is shown in FIG. 1 . The battery management system 110 includes a processor 1130 and a memory 1140 . The memory 1140 stores a computer program, and the processor 1130 is used to execute the computer program to implement the method of any of the above embodiments.

[0180] The memory 1140 stores a computer program that can be run on the processor. The memory 1140 is configured to store instructions and applications executable by the processor 1130. It can also cache data to be processed or processed by the processor 1130 and each module in the battery management system 110 (for example, image data, audio data, voice communication data, and video communication data). This can be achieved through flash memory (FLASH) or random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM).

[0181] When the processor 1130 executes the program, the steps of any of the above-mentioned battery charging methods are implemented. The processor 1130 generally controls the overall operation of the battery management system 110.

[0182] It should be noted that the description of the above battery management system embodiment is similar to the description of the above method embodiment, and has similar beneficial effects as the method embodiment. For technical details not disclosed in the battery management system embodiment of this application, please refer to the description of the method embodiment of this application for understanding.

[0183] The battery management system, determination unit, execution unit or processor may include any one or more of the following: general processor, application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), digital signal processor (DSP), digital signal processing device (DSPD), programmable logic device (PLD), field programmable gate array (FPGA), central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), embedded neural network processor (neural-network processing units, NPU), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component. It can be understood that the electronic device that implements the above-mentioned processor function can also be other, and the embodiment of the present application is not specifically limited. The battery management system, determination unit, execution unit or processor can implement or execute the disclosed methods, steps and logic block diagrams in the embodiments of the present application. The general processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware decoding processor, or can be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can be located in a storage medium mature in the art such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium is located in a memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.

[0184] The memory or computer storage medium in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous DRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous DRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct RAM bus DRAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory of the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0185] It should be understood that the "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an embodiment of the present application" or "the aforementioned embodiment" or "some implementations" or "some embodiments" mentioned throughout the specification means that the specific features, structures or characteristics related to the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" or "an embodiment of the present application" or "the aforementioned embodiment" or "some implementations" or "some embodiments" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the size of the sequence number of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application. The above-mentioned sequence numbers of the embodiments of the present application are only for description and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0186] Unless otherwise specified, the battery management system executes any step in the embodiments of the present application, and the processor of the battery management system may execute the step. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of the present application do not limit the order in which the battery management system executes the steps. In addition, the methods used to process data in different embodiments may be the same method or different methods. It should also be noted that any step in the embodiments of the present application can be independently executed by the battery management system, that is, when the battery management system executes any step in the above embodiments, it can be independent of the execution of other steps.

[0187] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as: multiple units or components can be combined, or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the components shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0188] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units; some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0189] In addition, all functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may be a separate unit, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit; the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0190] The methods disclosed in several method embodiments provided in this application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new method embodiments.

[0191] The features disclosed in several product embodiments provided in this application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new product embodiments.

[0192] The features disclosed in several method or device embodiments provided in this application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new method embodiments or device embodiments.

[0193] A person skilled in the art can understand that: all or part of the steps of implementing the above method embodiment can be completed by hardware related to program instructions, the aforementioned program can be stored in a computer storage medium, and when the program is executed, the execution includes the steps of the above method embodiment; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: mobile storage devices, read-only memories (ROM), disks or optical disks, and other media that can store program codes.

[0194] Alternatively, if the above-mentioned integrated unit of the present application is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application can essentially or in other words, the part that contributes to the relevant technology can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for the battery management system to execute all or part of the methods of each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as mobile storage devices, ROMs, magnetic disks or optical disks.

[0195] In the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of the same steps and the same contents in different embodiments can refer to each other. In the embodiments of the present application, the term "and" does not affect the order of the steps. For example, the battery management system executes A and executes B, which means that the battery management system executes A first and then executes B, or the battery management system executes B first and then executes A, or the battery management system executes A and executes B at the same time.

[0196] As used in the embodiments of the present application, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0197] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0198] It should be noted that in each embodiment involved in the present application, all steps may be executed or part of the steps may be executed as long as a complete technical solution can be formed.

[0199] The above are only implementation methods of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery charging method, characterized in that: The method comprises: When the battery is connected to a power source, determining an initial current according to an initial state of charge of the battery and an initial temperature of the battery; Determining a maximum charging current of the battery from the initial state of charge to 100% state of charge according to the initial state of charge and the initial temperature; Determine a plurality of preset currents according to a preset charging current interval and the maximum charging current; wherein the maximum current among the plurality of preset currents is the same as the maximum charging current; Using the initial current, processing the multiple preset currents respectively to obtain multiple remaining charging times; determining a target charging request current according to a preset current used to determine a minimum remaining charging time among the plurality of remaining charging time periods; charging the battery according to the target charging request current; The adopting the initial current and processing the multiple preset currents respectively to obtain multiple remaining charging times includes: Using the initial current, processing each of the multiple preset currents, determining multiple charging request currents corresponding to multiple charging stages, and determining multiple charging durations according to the multiple charging request currents; An accumulated value of the multiple charging time periods is determined as each remaining charging time period in the multiple remaining charging time periods.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining the target charging request current according to the preset current used to determine the minimum remaining charging time among the plurality of remaining charging time periods comprises: Acquire a plurality of charging request currents respectively corresponding to a plurality of charging durations of the preset current used; A plurality of charging request currents corresponding to the plurality of charging durations are determined as the target charging request current.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Before determining the initial current according to the initial state of charge of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery, the method further includes: Determining a maximum state of charge and a minimum state of charge among states of charge of a plurality of battery cells in the battery, and a maximum temperature and a minimum temperature among temperatures of the plurality of battery cells; determining a first current according to the maximum state of charge and the maximum temperature, determining a second current according to the maximum state of charge and the minimum temperature, determining a third current according to the minimum state of charge and the maximum temperature, and determining a fourth current according to the minimum state of charge and the minimum temperature; determining a minimum current among the first current, the second current, the third current, and the fourth current; The state of charge and temperature used to determine the minimum current are determined as the initial state of charge and the initial temperature, respectively.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: When the initial state of charge of each charging stage in the multiple charging stages is greater than or equal to 0% state of charge and less than the first state of charge, or when the initial state of charge of each charging stage is greater than the second state of charge and less than 100% state of charge, the change in state of charge of each charging stage is a third state of charge; When the initial state of charge of each charging stage is greater than or equal to the first state of charge and less than or equal to the second state of charge, the change in the state of charge of each charging stage is a fourth state of charge; The third state of charge is smaller than the fourth state of charge.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The initial state of charge is the first state of charge, the initial temperature is the first temperature; the initial current is the first specific current; the multiple charging stages include the first to the second specific current. K The multiple charging request currents include the first to the K A charging request current, the multiple charging durations include the first to the K Charging time, K is an integer greater than or equal to 2; The adopting the initial current, processing each of the plurality of preset currents, determining a plurality of charging request currents corresponding to the plurality of charging stages, and determining a plurality of charging durations respectively according to the plurality of charging request currents, comprises: Each of the preset currents is k The smaller current between the specific currents is determined as the k The first charging stage k A charging request current; k is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K integer; According to the said k The charge request current and the preset k State of charge to k +1 change in state of charge, determine the k Charging time; According to the said k a charging request current, the k Charging time and k temperature, determine the k +1 temperature; According to the said k +1 temperature and the k +1 state of charge, determine the k +1 specific current.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that According to the said k a charging request current, the k Charging time and k temperature, determine the k +1 temperature, including: In the said k When the temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, k a charging request current, the k The charging time and the cooling power of the battery are used to determine the k The temperature change, in the k When the temperature is lower than the second temperature threshold, k a charging request current, the k The charging time and the heat generation power of the battery are used to determine the k a temperature change; the first temperature threshold is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold; According to the said k The temperature and k The temperature change is determined by k +1 temperature.

7. A battery management system, characterized in that: The battery management system comprises: A determination unit, configured to: determine an initial current according to an initial state of charge of the battery and an initial temperature of the battery when the battery is connected to a power source; determine a maximum charging current of the battery from the initial state of charge to a 100% state of charge according to the initial state of charge and the initial temperature; determine a plurality of preset currents according to a preset charging current interval and the maximum charging current; wherein the maximum current among the plurality of preset currents is the same as the maximum charging current; use the initial current to process the plurality of preset currents respectively to obtain a plurality of remaining charging times; determine a target charging request current according to the preset current used to determine a minimum remaining charging time among the plurality of remaining charging times; An execution unit, configured to: charge the battery according to the target charging request current; The determination unit is further used to: use the initial current to process each of the multiple preset currents, determine multiple charging request currents corresponding to the multiple charging stages, and determine multiple charging times according to the multiple charging request currents; and determine the accumulated value of the multiple charging times as each of the multiple remaining charging times.

8. A battery management system, characterized in that: The battery management system comprises: a processor and a memory; the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is used to execute the computer program to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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