A modular drawing die structure and drawing method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a modular drawing die structure and a drawing method thereof, which relates to the technical field of drawing dies, including a movable die group, a fixed die group, an edge rolling component and a stress equalization component. The movable die group includes an upper die plate driven up and down by a hydraulic cylinder, and a drawing die head is rotatably arranged at the center position of the bottom surface of the upper die plate; the fixed die group includes a base fixedly mounted on a processing machine base, a mounting table is mounted on the top surface of the base, and a template with a drawing hole opened in the center is fixedly arranged on the mounting table; the edge rolling component is used to position and roll and flatten the edge ring of the aluminum plate during drawing; the stress equalization component is arranged below the template, and the stress equalization component includes multiple groups of clamping mechanisms. The present invention provides a stress equalization component, and during drawing and forming, the outer wall of the drawn cylinder is clamped in sequence from bottom to top, thereby realizing the gradual release and uniform distribution of stress during the drawing process, and avoiding the problem of fracture caused by stress concentration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drawing dies, and in particular to a modular drawing die structure and a drawing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A drawing die is a type of stamping die. It uses a punch press to drive the punch downward. The punch contacts the workpiece and draws the workpiece into the die. It is mainly used to punch sheets into open hollow parts, or to further change the shape and size of hollow parts. It has a wide range of applications in the field of metal processing.

[0003] After searching, the Chinese patent with authorization announcement number CN212634035U discloses a thick aluminum water chamber stretching die, which is mainly composed of punch one, punch two, punch three, die, corrugated plate and unloading plate. In the stretching forming part, the gap between punch one and the die is greater than the material thickness; in the size control part, the gap between punch two and the die is equal to the material thickness; in the gap transition part, the gap between punch three and the die transitions from the gap between punch one and the die to the gap between punch two and the die.

[0004] In the prior art, a punch and a die are usually used in conjunction with extrusion and drawing to perform processing. The drawing process is performed by the flow of the metal after extrusion, so that the workpiece becomes thinner and deeper. However, the thickness of each part of the material changes during drawing, and the change is uneven. The thickness of the material at the outer edge of the flange changes the most. After the drawn part is formed, the blank material of the drawn part is the thickest and gradually thins inward. The friction between the drawing punch and the bottom material prevents the material from stretching and deforming, so the bottom material becomes thinner. The material of the bottom rounded corner is always subjected to the top force and bending of the punch corner during drawing, and is always subjected to tensile stress during the entire drawing process, resulting in the greatest thinning here and forming a dangerous section. For drawn parts made of aluminum and aluminum alloys, the risk of fracture of the dangerous section during the forming process is greater due to the lower strength of aluminum alloys. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem in the prior art that when a deep cylindrical part is processed by a drawing die, the material of the bottom rounded corner part is always subjected to the top force and bending action of the punch corner during drawing, which is easy to form a dangerous section and break, affecting the processing quality, and a modular drawing die structure and a drawing method are proposed.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A modular drawing die structure includes a movable die set, a fixed die set, an edge rolling component and a stress equalization component, wherein:

[0008] The movable die set includes an upper die plate driven up and down by a hydraulic cylinder, and a drawing die head is rotatably arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the upper die plate;

[0009] The fixed die set includes a base fixedly mounted on the processing machine base, a mounting platform is mounted on the top surface of the base, a template with a drawing hole in the center is fixedly mounted on the mounting platform, the drawing hole is coaxially arranged with the drawing die head and the inner diameter is larger than the diameter of the drawing die head, so that a drawing gap for forming the aluminum plate is formed between the drawing die head and the drawing hole;

[0010] The edge rolling component is used to position and roll the edge of the aluminum plate to level it during deep drawing.

[0011] The stress equalization component is arranged below the template, and the stress equalization component includes multiple groups of clamping mechanisms. The clamping positions of the multiple groups of clamping mechanisms are coaxially and equidistantly distributed along the longitudinal direction. When the aluminum disk is formed, the clamping mechanism clamps the side walls of the aluminum disk in sequence to change the stress distribution of the internal material of the aluminum disk.

[0012] Preferably, the upper edge of the drawn hole is provided with a round chamfer, and the lower edge of the drawn hole is provided with an oblique chamfer.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom outer circle of the drawing die is provided with an outer rounded corner.

[0014] Preferably, the edge rolling assembly includes two mounting disks in a coaxial position, one of which is slidably sleeved on the drawing die head and has a spring three arranged between it and the upper template, and the other mounting disk is integrally formed with the template, and a plurality of pressure rollers distributed in a circumferential array are rotatably arranged on the mounting disk, the pressure rollers are inclined to the diameter direction of the mounting disk, and the outer surface of the pressure rollers exceeds the supporting surface of the mounting disk, and the pressure rollers on the two mounting disks are arranged opposite to each other and have corresponding inclination directions.

[0015] Preferably, the mounting plate on the template is provided with an oil cavity for storing lubricating oil, and the oil cavity is connected with an oil filling pipe.

[0016] Preferably, a group of the clamping mechanisms includes two symmetrically arranged clamping members, the clamping members include a guide rod, a connecting member, a lever and a clamping ring, the guide rod is vertically arranged between the base and the template, the connecting member is slidably sleeved on the guide rod, and a spring 1 is arranged between the connecting member and the base, the spring 1 on different clamping mechanisms has different lengths, and under normal conditions, multiple springs 1 make the clamping positions of multiple groups of the clamping mechanisms spaced a certain distance apart in the height direction, the lever is rotatably arranged on the connecting member, the clamping ring is fixedly mounted on one end of the lever close to the axis of the drawing hole, the ends of the two clamping rings in the same group of clamping mechanisms are connected by a spring 2, and under normal conditions, the spring 2 makes the two clamping rings move away from each other and the lever is in an inclined state, and the upper template is provided with multiple pressure rods corresponding to the lever positions, and the pressure rods can pass through the through holes opened on the template and abut against the ends of the levers.

[0017] Preferably, the clamping ring is semicircular in shape consistent with the inner diameter of the drawing hole, and a plurality of axially mounted guide rollers are evenly arranged on the clamping surface of the clamping ring.

[0018] Preferably, the lengths of the plurality of pressure rods decrease, and the pressure rod corresponding to the lowermost clamping mechanism has the longest length.

[0019] Preferably, a placement groove is provided on the upper surface of the template, and the bottom surface of the placement groove is flush with the upper surface of the pressure roller.

[0020] A drawing method of a modular drawing die structure, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1: Separate the movable die set and the fixed die set with enough space and place the aluminum plate in the placement slot;

[0022] S2: Start the hydraulic cylinder to drive the moving die set to move downward as a whole to perform deep drawing of the aluminum plate. First, the drawing die head presses against the upper surface of the aluminum plate to apply pressure to the aluminum plate, so that the aluminum plate is deformed as the drawing die head moves downward through the drawing hole.

[0023] S3: During the downward movement of the drawing die head, the mounting plate sleeved on the drawing die head presses the aluminum plate downward, and the pressure of the two mounting plates on the aluminum plate gradually increases. During the drawing process, the mounting plates are driven to rotate by the pressure rollers, so that the pressure rollers at the corresponding positions on the two mounting plates roll and flatten the flange positions of the aluminum plate during forming.

[0024] S4: When the aluminum plate is formed as the drawing die moves down, the pressure rod will drive the lever to deflect, so that the clamping ring clamps the cylinder formed by the aluminum plate, so that the force point is transferred from the bottom outer corner position of the drawing die to the clamping position during drawing, and as the drawing progresses, different clamping rings are changed to clamp and bear force, so that the stress distribution of the material is uniform when the aluminum plate is drawn into a cylinder.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. By setting up a stress equalization component, during deep drawing, as the drawing die head descends, the outer wall of the drawn cylinder is clamped from bottom to top in sequence, realizing the gradual release and uniform distribution of stress during the drawing process, making the material more stable in the stretching process, avoiding the problem of fracture caused by stress concentration, significantly improving the molding quality of the product, and reducing the scrap rate.

[0027] 2. By setting the edge rolling component, first of all, the two mounting plates play a positioning role in the extrusion of the aluminum plate, and as the aluminum plate is drawn, the friction is reduced under the rolling action of the pressure roller when the drawing plate is retracted into the drawing hole, ensuring that the mounting plate will not cause damage due to excessive friction when providing sufficient downward pressure. It not only reduces the direct friction between the mounting plate and the aluminum plate, but also converts the friction into power through the rolling action. While the aluminum plate is being retracted and formed, it is driven to rotate, so that the pressure roller rolls and flattens the edge ring part of the cylinder during the cylinder formation process to prevent wrinkling. It not only eliminates the wrinkling phenomenon, but also makes the edge of the product smoother and more beautiful. At the same time, the leveling of the edge ring also enhances the structural strength of the product, and the rolling of the pressure roller will be stained with the lubricating oil in the oil chamber and coated on the aluminum plate, realizing continuous lubrication during the processing, reducing friction resistance and increasing the drawing speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a modular drawing die structure proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a modular drawing die structure proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a bottom view structural schematic diagram of a movable die set in a modular drawing die structure proposed by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the top view of the fixed die set in a modular drawing die structure proposed by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of a modular drawing die structure proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the circumferential distribution of multiple groups of clamping mechanisms in a modular drawing die structure proposed by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a clamping mechanism in a modular drawing die structure proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a modular drawing die structure in an initial drawing state proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 A schematic structural diagram of a modular drawing die structure in a drawing completion state proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 A detailed structural schematic diagram of the drawing process of a modular drawing die structure proposed in the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1. movable die set; 11. upper die plate; 12. drawing die head; 121. outer fillet; 13. positioning rod; 2. fixed die set; 21. base; 22. mounting table; 23. drawing hole; 231. round chamfer; 232. oblique chamfer; 24. template; 241. placement groove; 25. sliding sleeve; 3. edge grinding assembly; 31. mounting plate; 32. pressure roller; 33. oil chamber; 34. spring three; 4. stress equalization assembly; 41. guide rod; 42. connecting piece; 43. lever; 44. clamping ring; 45. spring one; 46. spring two; 47. pressure rod; 48. guide roller; 5. aluminum plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0041] Reference Figure 1-10 A modular drawing die structure includes a movable die set 1, a fixed die set 2, an edge rolling component 3 and a stress equalization component 4.

[0042] The movable die set 1 includes an upper die set 11 driven up and down by a hydraulic cylinder. The top of the upper die set 11 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder drives the movable die set 1 to move as a whole to cooperate with the fixed die set 2 to stamp and draw the aluminum plate 5. A drawing die head 12 is rotatably arranged at the center position of the bottom surface of the upper die set 11. A thrust bearing is arranged between the drawing die head 12 and the upper die set 11 to facilitate the flexible rotation of the drawing die head 12.

[0043] The fixed die assembly 2 includes a base 21 fixedly mounted on a processing machine base, a mounting platform 22 being mounted on the top surface of the base 21, a template 24 with a drawing hole 23 in the center being fixedly mounted on the mounting platform 22, a placement groove 241 being disposed on the upper surface of the template 24, and an aluminum disk 5 being placed in the placement groove 241 and positioned through the placement groove 241 so that the aluminum disk 5 and the drawing hole 23 are in a coaxial state, which is convenient for drawing forming.

[0044] A plurality of vertically arranged positioning rods 13 are installed around the bottom surface of the upper mold plate 11, and a sliding sleeve 25 corresponding to the positioning rod 13 is arranged on the mounting platform 22. The positioning rod 13 is slidably connected with the sliding sleeve 25 to limit and guide the movement of the movable mold assembly 1 to ensure the accuracy of the movement of the movable mold assembly 1.

[0045] The drawing hole 23 is coaxially arranged with the drawing die 12 and has an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the drawing die 12, so that a drawing gap for forming the aluminum disk 5 is formed between the drawing die 12 and the drawing hole 23. The drawing die 12 moves downward in the axial direction and applies pressure to the aluminum disk 5, so that the aluminum disk 5 enters the drawing hole 23 and deforms. When passing through the drawing gap, the aluminum disk 5 maintains the same thickness as the drawing gap. Under the extrusion of the drawing die 12 and the drawing hole 23, the aluminum disk 5 becomes thinner and is axially elongated to form a cylinder.

[0046] Reference Fig.10 The upper edge of the drawing hole 23 is provided with a round chamfer 231. The design of the round chamfer 231 can significantly reduce the stress concentration phenomenon on the upper edge of the drawing hole 23. During the drawing process, material flow and deformation will generate greater stress at the edge of the drawing hole 23, and the round chamfer 231 can disperse these stresses, reduce the risk of mold damage caused by stress concentration, and help the material to flow more smoothly into the drawing hole 23 during the drawing process, reducing wrinkles, cracks and other problems caused by poor material flow. The lower edge of the drawing hole 23 is provided with an oblique chamfer 232. The design of the oblique chamfer 232 can guide the material to flow out of the drawing hole 23 more smoothly during the drawing process, which helps to reduce quality problems caused by poor material flow. The bottom outer edge of the drawing die 12 is provided with an outer fillet 121. The design of the outer fillet 121 can reduce friction and wear, making the edge of the drawing die 12 smoother, avoiding the sharp edge from affecting the workpiece during the processing, thereby improving the processing accuracy and product quality.

[0047] The edge rolling component 3 is used to position and roll the edge of the aluminum plate 5 during deep drawing to ensure the stability of the aluminum plate 5 during the deep drawing process. At the same time, the outer edge of the aluminum plate 5 is rolled after forming to eliminate wrinkles, making the edge of the product smoother and more beautiful.

[0048] Reference Figure 1-4The edge rolling assembly 3 includes two mounting plates 31 in a coaxial position, one of which is slidably sleeved on the drawing die 12 and has a spring 34 arranged between it and the upper template 11, and the other mounting plate 31 is integrally formed with the template 24, so that the aluminum plate 5 is placed on the lower mounting plate 31, and the upper mounting plate 31 moves down together with the upper template 11 and the drawing die 12. During drawing, the two mounting plates 31 press the upper and lower surfaces of the aluminum plate 5 together to keep the aluminum plate 5 stable.

[0049] The drawing coefficient M is an important parameter in the drawing process and an important basis for drawing process calculation and mold design.

[0050] M = d / D;

[0051] Among them, d is the diameter of the workpiece after drawing, and D is the diameter of the blank before drawing.

[0052] When M is smaller than a certain value, wrinkles will appear on the outer edge of the flange, but the wrinkles can be prevented by increasing the edge clamping force of the outer ring. However, if the edge clamping pressure is too large, it will produce greater friction, causing scratches or even breakage of the aluminum plate 5. If the edge clamping pressure is too small, it will not prevent wrinkles. In this embodiment, the edge clamping effect is achieved by two mounting plates 31. Under the action of spring three 34, as the upper template 11 moves downward, the downward pressure on the aluminum plate 5 will become greater and greater. In order to prevent the mounting plate 31 from generating excessive friction on the aluminum plate 5, a plurality of pressure rollers 32 distributed in a circumferential array are rotatably arranged on the mounting plate 31. The pressure rollers 32 are inclined to the diameter direction of the mounting plate 31, and the outer surface of the pressure rollers 32 exceeds the support of the mounting plate 31. The bottom surface of the placement groove 241 is flush with the upper surface of the pressure roller 32, and the pressure roller 32 is in contact with the aluminum disk 5 to receive force. The pressure rollers 32 on the two mounting plates 31 are arranged opposite to each other and have corresponding inclination directions. The inclined pressure rollers 32, when the aluminum disk 5 is drawn and folded, the cylinder formed by the drawing of the aluminum disk 5 will also be subjected to lateral force and rotate, ensuring that the mounting plate 31 will not be damaged due to excessive friction when providing sufficient downward pressure. Not only the direct friction between the mounting plate 31 and the aluminum disk 5 is reduced, but also the friction is converted into power through the rolling action, and the aluminum disk 5 is driven to rotate while it is folded and formed, so that the pressure roller 32 can roll and flatten the edge ring part of the cylinder during the cylinder formation process to prevent wrinkling.

[0053] An oil chamber 33 for storing lubricating oil is formed on the mounting plate 31 on the template 24. The oil chamber 33 is connected to an oil filling pipe. Lubricating oil is injected into the oil chamber 33 through the oil filling pipe so that the lubricating oil contacts the lower surface of the pressing roller 32. The rolling of the pressing roller 32 will stick to the lubricating oil in the oil chamber 33 and coat the aluminum plate 5, thereby achieving continuous lubrication during the processing, reducing friction resistance, and increasing the stretching speed.

[0054] The stress equalization component 4 is arranged below the template 24. The stress equalization component 4 includes multiple groups of clamping mechanisms. The clamping positions of the multiple groups of clamping mechanisms are coaxially and equidistantly distributed along the longitudinal direction. In order to avoid motion interference among the multiple groups of clamping mechanisms, the multiple clamping mechanisms are circumferentially staggered. The thickness of each part of the material changes during deep drawing, and the change is uneven. The material of the rounded corner part at the bottom of the cylinder is always subjected to the top force and bending action of the bottom outer corner 121 of the drawing die 12 during deep drawing, and is always subjected to tensile stress during the entire deep drawing, resulting in the greatest thinning here. When the aluminum disk 5 is formed, the clamping mechanism clamps its side walls in turn to change the stress distribution of the material inside the aluminum disk 5, thereby realizing the gradual release and uniform distribution of stress during the deep drawing process, making the material more stable in the process of stretching, avoiding the problem of fracture caused by stress concentration, significantly improving the molding quality of the product, and reducing the scrap rate.

[0055] Reference Figure 5-10A set of clamping mechanisms includes two symmetrically arranged clamping members, the clamping members include a guide rod 41, a connecting member 42, a lever 43 and a clamping ring 44, the guide rod 41 is vertically arranged between the base 21 and the template 24, the connecting member 42 is slidably sleeved on the guide rod 41, and a spring 45 is arranged between the connecting member 42 and the base 21. The lengths of the springs 45 on different clamping mechanisms are different. Under normal conditions, multiple springs 45 make the clamping positions of multiple sets of clamping mechanisms spaced a certain distance in the height direction to achieve longitudinal division. The lever 43 is rotatably arranged on the connecting piece 42, and the clamping ring 44 is fixedly installed on one end of the lever 43 close to the axis of the deep drawing hole 23. The ends of the two clamping rings 44 in the same clamping mechanism are connected by a spring 2 46. The spring 2 46 makes the two clamping rings 44 move away from each other and the lever 43 is in an inclined state under normal conditions. The clamping ring 44 is in a low position. A plurality of pressure rods 47 corresponding to the positions of the levers 43 are arranged on the upper template 11. The pressure rods 47 can pass through the through holes opened on the template 24 and the ends of the levers 43. The pressing rod 47 presses the end of the lever 43 to rotate the lever 43, so that the clamping ring 44 at the lower position approaches the cylinder and cooperates with the drawing die 12 to clamp the outer wall of the cylinder. The lever 43 rotates until the clamping ring 44 clamps the cylinder and the lever 43 tends to be horizontal. However, the end of the lever 43 close to the clamping ring 44 is always in a low position, and as the drawing proceeds, the lever 43 drives the connecting piece 42 to move downward and compresses the spring 45 to always maintain the clamping state. When the cylinder wall is elongated by the drawing effect, the clamping ring 44 always maintains a clamping state for the cylinder. It is fixed by the clamping ring 44. The force position of the cylinder wall during drawing is transferred from the rounded corner part of the cylinder bottom to the clamping position. The drawing force on the cylinder wall below the clamping ring 44 will be reduced, thereby avoiding the continuous thinning of the rounded corner part of the cylinder bottom to form a dangerous section. As the drawing proceeds, multiple clamping mechanisms gradually complete the clamping, and the clamping points change as the drawing proceeds, so that the material stress is evenly distributed during the drawing process, ensuring uniform stretching of the material while reducing the risk of fracture.

[0056] The clamping ring 44 is a semicircle with the same inner diameter as the drawing hole 23. When the clamping ring 44 approaches the cylinder, it can fit with the cylinder wall to achieve stable clamping. A plurality of axially installed guide rollers 48 are evenly arranged on the clamping surface of the clamping ring 44. Since the cylinder will rotate under the action of the edge rolling assembly 3 during the stretching process, the guide rollers 48 can maintain the clamping of the cylinder in the axial direction and rotate circumferentially with the cylinder.

[0057] The lengths of the multiple pressure rods 47 decrease gradually, and the pressure rod 47 corresponding to the lowest clamping mechanism is the longest, so that the multiple clamping mechanisms can gradually perform clamping. Specifically, when the drawing die 12 moves down and exceeds the lowest clamping mechanism, the pressure rod 47 corresponding to the lowest clamping mechanism presses the corresponding lever 43 to clamp. At this time, the force position of the drawing is higher than the rounded corner of the bottom of the cylinder. As the drawing proceeds, the pressure rod 47 of the clamping mechanism corresponding to the middle position presses the corresponding lever 43 to clamp. The clamping position of the clamping device is higher than the rounded corner of the bottom of the cylinder and the clamping position of the first clamping mechanism, and the force point changes again, and so on, to achieve gradual release and uniform distribution of stress.

[0058] A drawing method of a modular drawing die structure, comprising the following steps:

[0059] S1: separate the movable die set 1 and the fixed die set 2 by enough space, and place the aluminum plate 5 in the placement groove 241;

[0060] S2: Start the hydraulic cylinder to drive the movable die set 1 to move downward as a whole to perform deep drawing of the aluminum plate 5. First, the drawing die head 12 is pressed against the upper surface of the aluminum plate 5 to apply pressure to the aluminum plate 5, so that the aluminum plate 5 is deformed as the drawing die head 12 moves downward through the drawing hole 23;

[0061] S3: During the downward movement of the drawing die head 12, the mounting plates 31 sleeved on the drawing die head 12 press the aluminum plate 5 downward, and the pressure exerted by the two mounting plates 31 on the aluminum plate 5 gradually increases. During the drawing process, the mounting plates 31 are driven to rotate by the pressing rollers 32, so that the pressing rollers 32 at corresponding positions on the two mounting plates 31 roll and flatten the flange positions of the aluminum plate 5 during forming.

[0062] S4: When the aluminum plate 5 is formed along with the downward movement of the drawing die 12, the pressure rod 47 drives the lever 43 to deflect, so that the clamping ring 44 clamps the cylinder formed by the aluminum plate 5, so that the force point is transferred from the bottom outer corner 121 of the drawing die 12 to the clamping position during drawing, and as the drawing proceeds, the clamping force is clamped by different clamping rings 44, so that the stress distribution of the material is uniform when the aluminum plate 5 is drawn into a cylinder.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular drawing die structure, comprising a movable die set (1), a fixed die set (2), an edge grinding component (3) and a stress equalization component (4), characterized in that: in: The movable die set (1) comprises an upper die plate (11) driven up and down by a hydraulic cylinder, and a drawing die head (12) is rotatably provided at the center of the bottom surface of the upper die plate (11); The fixed die set (2) comprises a base (21) fixedly mounted on a processing machine base, a mounting platform (22) being mounted on the top surface of the base (21), a template (24) having a drawing hole (23) in the center being fixedly mounted on the mounting platform (22), the drawing hole (23) being coaxially arranged with the drawing die head (12) and having an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the drawing die head (12), so that a drawing gap is formed between the drawing die head (12) and the drawing hole (23) for forming the aluminum plate (5); The edge rolling assembly (3) is used to position and roll the edge ring of the aluminum plate (5) to level it during deep drawing; The stress equalization component (4) is arranged below the template (24), and the stress equalization component (4) comprises a plurality of groups of clamping mechanisms, wherein the clamping positions of the plurality of groups of clamping mechanisms are coaxially and equidistantly distributed along the longitudinal direction, and the clamping mechanisms clamp the side walls of the aluminum plate (5) in sequence when the aluminum plate (5) is formed, thereby changing the stress distribution of the material inside the aluminum plate (5); The edge rolling assembly (3) comprises two coaxially positioned mounting plates (31), wherein one mounting plate (31) is slidably sleeved on the drawing die head (12) and a spring three (34) is arranged between the mounting plate (31) and the upper template (11), and the other mounting plate (31) is integrally formed with the template (24), and a plurality of pressure rollers (32) distributed in a circumferential array are rotatably arranged on the mounting plate (31), the pressure rollers (32) are inclined in the diameter direction of the mounting plate (31), and the outer surface of the pressure rollers (32) exceeds the support surface of the mounting plate (31), and the pressure rollers (32) on the two mounting plates (31) are arranged opposite to each other and have corresponding inclination directions; An oil chamber (33) for storing lubricating oil is formed on the mounting plate (31) on the template (24), and the oil chamber (33) is connected to an oil filling pipe; A group of the clamping mechanisms comprises two symmetrically arranged clamping members, the clamping members comprising a guide rod (41), a connecting member (42), a lever (43) and a clamping ring (44), the guide rod (41) being vertically arranged between the base (21) and the template (24), the connecting member (42) being slidably sleeved on the guide rod (41), and a spring (45) being arranged between the connecting member (42) and the base (21), the springs (45) on different clamping mechanisms having different lengths, and the plurality of springs (45) being in a normal state so that the clamping positions of the plurality of groups of the clamping mechanisms are spaced a certain distance apart in the height direction, The lever (43) is rotatably mounted on the connecting member (42); the clamping ring (44) is fixedly mounted on one end of the lever (43) close to the axis of the deep drawing hole (23); the ends of the two clamping rings (44) in the same clamping mechanism are connected by a second spring (46); the second spring (46) causes the two clamping rings (44) to move away from each other and the lever (43) to be in an inclined state under normal conditions; a plurality of pressure rods (47) corresponding to the positions of the levers (43) are arranged on the upper template (11); the pressure rods (47) can pass through through holes provided on the template (24) and abut against the ends of the levers (43).

2. A modular drawing die structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper edge of the drawn hole (23) is provided with a round chamfer (231), and the lower edge of the drawn hole (23) is provided with an oblique chamfer (232).

3. A modular drawing die structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom outer circle of the drawing die (12) is provided with an outer rounded corner (121).

4. A modular drawing die structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping ring (44) is semicircular in shape and has the same inner diameter as the deep drawing hole (23), and a plurality of axially mounted guide rollers (48) are evenly arranged on the clamping surface of the clamping ring (44).

5. A modular drawing die structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lengths of the plurality of pressure rods (47) decrease gradually, and the pressure rod (47) corresponding to the lowest clamping mechanism is the longest.

6. A modular drawing die structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A placement groove (241) is provided on the upper surface of the template (24), and the bottom surface of the placement groove (241) is flush with the upper surface of the pressing roller (32).

7. A drawing method of a modular drawing die structure, using the drawing die structure as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Separate the movable die set (1) and the fixed die set (2) by a sufficient space, and place the aluminum plate (5) in the placement groove (241); S2: starting the hydraulic cylinder to drive the movable die set (1) to move downward as a whole to perform deep drawing on the aluminum plate (5). First, the drawing die head (12) is pressed against the upper surface of the aluminum plate (5) to apply pressure to the aluminum plate (5), so that the aluminum plate (5) is deformed as the drawing die head (12) moves downward through the drawing hole (23); S3: During the downward movement of the drawing die head (12), the mounting plate (31) sleeved on the drawing die head (12) presses the aluminum plate (5) downward, and the pressure of the two mounting plates (31) on the aluminum plate (5) gradually increases. During the drawing process, the mounting plates (31) are driven to rotate by the pressure rollers (32), so that the pressure rollers (32) at corresponding positions on the two mounting plates (31) roll and flatten the flange positions of the aluminum plate (5) during the forming process; S4: As the aluminum plate (5) is formed by the drawing die (12) moving downward, the pressure rod (47) drives the lever (43) to deflect, so that the clamping ring (44) clamps the cylinder formed by the aluminum plate (5), so that the force point is transferred from the bottom outer round corner (121) of the drawing die (12) to the clamping position during drawing, and as the drawing progresses, different clamping rings (44) are used to clamp and bear force, so that the stress distribution of the material is uniform when the aluminum plate (5) is drawn into a cylinder.

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