A spray device and pressure control method for icing test

Abstract

The present invention discloses a spray device and a pressure control method for an icing test, wherein the spray device comprises a spray pipe having a plurality of spray rakes spaced apart along the height direction, one end of each spray rake being set as a water inlet end and the other end being set as an air inlet end; the water inlet end of each spray rake is connected to a water supply pipeline for conveying liquid water; a water pressure sensor is provided on each water supply pipeline, the water pressure sensor is electrically connected to a controller, and the controller controls the water delivery pressure of the water supply pipeline; the air inlet end of each spray rake is connected to the same air supply pipeline for conveying compressed gas, the air outlet end of the air supply pipeline is provided with an air pressure sensor, the air pressure sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller controls the air delivery pressure of the air supply pipeline; the outer wall of each spray rake is connected to a plurality of nozzles for mixing liquid water and compressed air into atomization. The present invention can not only realize the control and simulation of specific icing environment conditions, but also be applied to use scenarios with relatively compact space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of icing tests for flight equipment, and in particular to a spray device and a pressure control method for icing tests. Background Art

[0002] When an aircraft or equipment is operating in a high-altitude environment or cold area, its surface may be affected by the surrounding environmental conditions and ice may form on it, thus affecting the performance and safe operation of the aircraft or equipment. By conducting icing tests, it can be verified whether the anti-icing device of the aircraft or equipment meets the design requirements and the impact of ice on the performance of the aircraft or equipment when the surface of the non-anti-icing parts is iced. Icing tests are usually carried out in ground test equipment with simulated icing environment conditions. The spray device is an important component of the ground test equipment that simulates icing environment conditions. By controlling the spray parameters of the spray device, the characteristics such as liquid water content and cloud particle size distribution under real icing environment conditions can be simulated.

[0003] The spray device is generally composed of a water supply pipeline, an air supply pipeline, a spray pipe, a spray rake and a nozzle. The spray rake is installed in the spray pipe. Liquid water and compressed air are respectively supplied to the spray rake through the water supply pipeline and the air supply pipeline, and then sprayed out through the nozzle installed on the spray rake. The liquid water is mixed with the compressed air in the nozzle, atomized and sprayed out, and finally a simulated icing environment condition with certain liquid water content and cloud particle size distribution characteristics is generated in the spray pipe. The traditional spray device used for icing test is affected by its own structure, and the initial cloud space uniformity of the spray is poor. In order to ensure the initial cloud space uniformity of the spray device, a longer rectifying section is usually added after the spray device for mixing to achieve the uniformity required by the standard; however, the longer rectifying section will change the cloud particle size distribution characteristics, making it difficult to control and simulate specific icing environment conditions, and the spray device with a longer rectifying section is not suitable for application scenarios with compact space. Summary of the invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art that the spray device with a longer straightening section is not suitable for application scenarios with compact space, and the longer straightening section will change the particle size distribution characteristics of the cloud particles, making it difficult to control and simulate specific icing environmental conditions, thereby providing a spray device and pressure control method for icing tests.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a spray device for an icing test is provided, which is used to spray mist to a test piece to be tested to simulate an icing environment, and the spray device comprises:

[0006] A spray pipe, in which the airflow used to simulate the atmospheric environment flows axially;

[0007] A plurality of spray rakes are arranged in the spray pipe at intervals along the height direction, and one end of each spray rake along the length direction is set as a water inlet end, and the other end is set as an air inlet end;

[0008] The water inlet end of each spray rake is connected to a water supply pipeline, and the water supply pipeline is used to transport liquid water into the spray rake; each water supply pipeline is provided with a water pressure sensor, and the water pressure sensor is electrically connected to a controller, and the controller controls the water delivery pressure of the water supply pipeline;

[0009] The air inlet end of each spray rake is connected to an air supply pipeline through an air delivery pipe, and the air supply pipeline is used to deliver compressed gas to the spray rake. The air outlet end of the air supply pipeline is provided with an air pressure sensor, and the air pressure sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller controls the air delivery pressure of the air supply pipeline;

[0010] A plurality of nozzles are connected and arranged on the outer side wall of each spray rake. The plurality of nozzles are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the spray rake. The nozzles are used to mix the liquid water and compressed air in the spray rake into atomized mixture and spray the mixture axially into the spray pipe.

[0011] A spray device for icing test according to the present invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0012] 1. The water inlet end of each spray rake at different heights is connected to a water supply pipeline with an independent water source, and a water pressure sensor for real-time monitoring of the water pressure of the liquid water flowing inside the spray rake is arranged on each water supply pipeline. The water pressure sensor transmits the real-time monitored water pressure value to the controller, and the controller controls and adjusts the water pressure of the water supply pipelines connected to the spray rakes at different heights to ensure that the water pressure of the liquid water flowing inside the water supply pipelines connected to the spray rakes at different heights reaches the corresponding water pressure value (that is, the water supply pipelines with different water pressures are used separately). Liquid water is delivered to spray rakes at different heights), thereby ensuring that the water pressure of the liquid water delivered to nozzles at different heights is basically the same, so that the initial clouds sprayed by the nozzles at different heights have similar liquid water content and cloud particle size distribution characteristics, ensuring the spatial uniformity of the initial clouds sprayed by the nozzles; and thus, only a short rectifying section is set at the mist outlet end of the spray pipe for mixing to achieve the uniformity required by the standard, and the cloud particle size distribution characteristics change less, realizing the control and simulation of specific icing environment conditions. At the same time, the rectifying section of the spray device is shorter in size, and the axial dimension space required for installation is smaller, so it can be used in relatively compact use scenarios and has a wider range of applications.

[0013] 2. The water pressure of each water supply pipeline and the gas pressure of the gas supply pipeline are adjusted by the controller. According to the actual requirements of the simulated cloud and fog icing environment, the water pressure of the liquid water transported by each water supply pipeline and the air pressure of the compressed gas transported by the gas supply pipeline can be flexibly adjusted for corresponding adaptation. The water pressure of the liquid water transported by each water supply pipeline is monitored in real time by a water pressure sensor and fed back to the controller for correction. The air pressure of the compressed gas transported by the gas supply pipeline is monitored in real time by an air pressure sensor and fed back to the controller for correction, ensuring that the water pressure value of the liquid water transported by each water supply pipeline and the air pressure value of the compressed gas transported by the gas supply pipeline are always maintained within the corresponding preset water pressure value range and the corresponding preset air pressure value range, so that it can be applied to simulate more icing environment scenarios and has a wider range of applications.

[0014] Preferably, each of the spray rakes comprises two spray modules spaced apart in the height direction, and the nozzle is arranged on the outer side wall of the spray module; the water inlet ends of the two spray modules of each spray rake are connected through a parallel pipeline, and the water inlet of each parallel pipeline is connected to one of the water supply pipelines.

[0015] Preferably, each of the parallel pipelines includes a first pipe and a second pipe, and the water outlets of the first pipe and the second pipe are respectively connected to the water inlet ends of the two spray modules of each spray rake; the water inlets of the first pipe and the second pipe are both connected to the water outlet end of the water supply pipeline.

[0016] Preferably, the four spray modules are evenly spaced along the height direction.

[0017] Preferably, the distance between two adjacent nozzles arranged on the same spray module is equal to the distance between two adjacent spray modules in the height direction.

[0018] Preferably, the distance between the spray module located at the top and the spray module located at the bottom along the height direction is set to 0.1 meter to 0.3 meter.

[0019] Preferably, the mist outlet end of the spray pipe along the axial direction is connected to a conical cylinder portion, and the outer dimension of the conical cylinder portion gradually decreases in the axial direction away from the spray pipe.

[0020] Preferably, the distance between the connection between the spray pipe and the cone portion and the nozzle along the axial direction is set to 0.8 meters to 2 meters;

[0021] And / or, the inclination angle of the outer peripheral surface of the tapered cylinder portion is set to 2° to 5°.

[0022] Preferably, the air inlet end of each of the spray modules extends outside the spray pipe and is connected to the corresponding air supply pipe, and the water inlet end of each of the spray modules extends outside the spray pipe and is connected to the corresponding parallel pipeline.

[0023] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a pressure control method is provided for controlling the water delivery pressure and the gas delivery pressure of the spray device provided in the first aspect, and the pressure control method comprises the following steps:

[0024] The theoretical water pressure values ​​of each water supply pipeline for delivering liquid water to the spray rakes at different heights are respectively input into the controller as the preset water pressure values;

[0025] The actual water pressure values ​​of the corresponding water supply pipelines for delivering liquid water to the spray rakes at different heights are measured respectively by each water pressure sensor, and each actual water pressure value is transmitted to the controller, the controller compares the actual water pressure value with the corresponding preset water pressure value to obtain a water pressure deviation value, and adjusts the water delivery pressure of the corresponding water supply pipeline according to the water pressure deviation value until the actual water pressure value of each water supply pipeline is the same as the corresponding preset water pressure value;

[0026] Inputting the theoretical air pressure value of the compressed air required for mixing and atomizing the nozzle into the controller as a preset air pressure value;

[0027] An actual air pressure value of an air supply pipeline for delivering compressed gas to the spray rake is measured by an air pressure sensor, and the actual air pressure value is transmitted to the controller, the controller compares the actual air pressure value with the corresponding preset water pressure value to obtain an air pressure deviation value, and adjusts the air delivery pressure of the air supply pipeline according to the air pressure deviation value until the actual air pressure value of the air supply pipeline is the same as the preset air pressure value.

[0028] A pressure control method according to the present invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0029] 1. Water pressure sensors are arranged on the water supply pipelines that deliver liquid water to the spray rakes at different heights. Each water pressure sensor is electrically connected to the controller and transmits the monitored actual water pressure value to the controller in real time. The controller compares the monitored actual water pressure value with the corresponding preset water pressure value to determine whether the actual water pressure value of the water supply pipeline is within the range of the corresponding theoretical water pressure value (i.e., to determine whether there is a water pressure deviation). If there is a water pressure deviation, the controller increases or decreases the water delivery pressure of the water supply pipeline according to the water pressure deviation to ensure the actual water pressure of the water supply pipeline. The value is always within the range of the corresponding theoretical water pressure value, thereby ensuring that the water pressure of the liquid water delivered to the nozzles at different heights is basically the same, so that the initial mist sprayed by the nozzles at different heights has similar liquid water content and cloud particle size distribution characteristics, ensuring the spatial uniformity of the initial mist sprayed by the nozzle; and thus, only a short rectifying section is required at the mist outlet end of the spray pipe for mixing to achieve the uniformity required by the standard, and the cloud particle size distribution characteristics change less, realizing the control and simulation of specific icing environment conditions. At the same time, the rectifying section of the spray device is shorter, and the axial dimension space required for installation is smaller, which can be used in relatively compact use scenarios and has a wider range of applications.

[0030] 2. An air pressure sensor is provided at the air outlet end of the air supply pipeline, and the air pressure sensor is electrically connected to the controller. The air pressure sensor monitors the actual air pressure value of the compressed gas flowing in the air supply pipeline in real time and transmits it to the controller. The controller compares the monitored actual air pressure value with the preset air pressure value, and determines whether the actual air pressure value of the air supply pipeline is within the range of the theoretical air pressure value (that is, determines whether there is an air pressure deviation). If there is an air pressure deviation, the controller increases or decreases the air delivery pressure of the air supply pipeline according to the air pressure deviation, ensuring that the actual air pressure value of the air supply pipeline is always within the range of the theoretical air pressure value during the test, thereby ensuring the control and simulation effect of specific icing environment conditions.

[0031] 3. The water pressure of each water supply pipeline and the gas pressure of the gas supply pipeline are adjusted by the controller. According to the actual requirements of the simulated cloud and fog icing environment, the water pressure of the liquid water transported by each water supply pipeline and the air pressure of the compressed gas transported by the gas supply pipeline can be flexibly adjusted for corresponding adaptation. The water pressure of the liquid water transported by each water supply pipeline is monitored in real time by a water pressure sensor and fed back to the controller for correction. The air pressure of the compressed gas transported by the gas supply pipeline is monitored in real time by an air pressure sensor and fed back to the controller for correction, ensuring that the water pressure value of the liquid water transported by each water supply pipeline and the air pressure value of the compressed gas transported by the gas supply pipeline are always maintained within the corresponding preset water pressure value range and the corresponding preset air pressure value range, so that it can be applied to simulate more icing environment scenarios and has a wider range of applications.

[0032] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a spray device for icing test in this embodiment;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional side view of the structure of a spray device for icing test according to this embodiment.

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 1- spray pipe, 11- rectification section;

[0038] 2- spray rake, 21- spray module;

[0039] 31-water supply pipeline, 32-water pressure sensor, 33-parallel pipeline, 331-first pipe, 332-second pipe;

[0040] 41-gas transmission pipe, 42-gas supply pipeline, 421-air pressure sensor;

[0041] 5- Nozzle;

[0042] 6-cone cylinder part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0047] Traditional spray devices used to simulate freezing environment conditions usually use the same water supply pipeline to supply liquid water to multiple spray rakes arranged at intervals in the spray pipe along the height direction. Because there is a height difference between the nozzles on the spray rakes at different heights, when the same water supply pipeline with the same water supply pressure (also called water delivery pressure) is used to transport liquid water to the spray rakes at different heights, the water pressure of the liquid water transported to the nozzles at different heights is quite different, so that the liquid water content and the particle size distribution of the initial cloud sprayed by the nozzles at different heights are obviously different, so that the initial cloud spray has poor spatial uniformity. In order to ensure the spatial uniformity of the initial cloud sprayed by the spray device, a longer rectifying section is usually added after the mist outlet end of the spray device for mixing or the local area nozzle is replaced to achieve the uniformity required by the standard; but a longer rectifying section or replacement of the local area nozzle will change the particle size distribution characteristics of the cloud particle, making it difficult to control and simulate specific freezing environment conditions, and a spray device with a longer rectifying section is not suitable for application scenarios with compact space. In order to solve the above technical defects of the spray device in the prior art, a spray device and a pressure control method according to the following embodiments are provided.

[0048] Embodiment 1

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 2The figure shows a spray device for ice test provided by the present embodiment, which is used to spray mist to the test piece to be tested to simulate the ice environment. The spray device includes a spray pipe 1, and the air flow inside the spray pipe 1 for simulating the atmospheric environment flows along the axial direction; two spray rakes 2 are arranged in the spray pipe 1 at intervals along the height direction, and one end of each spray rake 2 along its length direction is set as a water inlet end, and the other end is set as an air inlet end; the water inlet end of each spray rake 2 is connected to a water supply pipeline 31, and the water supply pipeline 31 is used to transport liquid water into the spray rake 2; each water supply pipeline 31 is provided with a water pressure sensor 32, and the water pressure sensor 32 is electrically connected to the controller, and the water pressure sensor 32 is connected to the water supply pipeline 31. The controller controls the water delivery pressure of the water supply pipeline 31; the air inlet end of each spray rake 2 is connected to an air supply pipeline 42 through an air delivery pipe 41, and the air supply pipeline 42 is used to deliver compressed gas to the spray rake 2. The air outlet end of the air supply pipeline 42 is provided with an air pressure sensor 421, and the air pressure sensor 421 is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller controls the air delivery pressure of the air supply pipeline 42; a plurality of nozzles 5 are connected and provided on the outer wall of each spray rake 2, and the plurality of nozzles 5 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the spray rake 2, and the nozzles 5 are used to mix the liquid water and compressed air in the spray rake 2 into atomized and sprayed axially into the spray pipe 1. It can be understood that the height direction and axial direction described in this embodiment refer to Figure 2 The height direction and axial direction in the embodiment refer to the length direction of the spray rake 2. Figure 1 The first direction in .

[0050] The spray device of this embodiment connects the water inlet end of each spray rake 2 at different heights to a water supply pipeline 31 with an independent water source, and is provided with a water pressure sensor 32 for real-time monitoring the water pressure of the liquid water flowing therein, and the water pressure sensor 32 transmits the real-time monitored water pressure value to the controller, and the controller controls and adjusts the water delivery pressure of the water supply pipelines 31 connected to the spray rakes 2 at different heights, so as to ensure that the water pressure of the liquid water flowing inside the water supply pipelines 31 connected to the spray rakes 2 at different heights reaches the corresponding water pressure value (i.e., different water delivery pressures are adopted). The water supply pipeline 31 delivers liquid water to the spray rake 2 at different heights respectively), thereby ensuring that the water pressure of the liquid water delivered to the nozzles 5 at different heights is basically the same, so that the initial cloud sprayed by the nozzles 5 at different heights has similar liquid water content and cloud particle size distribution characteristics, ensuring the spatial uniformity of the initial cloud sprayed by the nozzle 5; and thus, only a shorter rectifying section 11 is provided at the mist outlet end of the spray pipe 1 for mixing to achieve the uniformity required by the standard, and the cloud particle size distribution characteristics change less, realizing the control and simulation of specific icing environment conditions. At the same time, the rectifying section 11 of the spray device of this embodiment is shorter in size, and the axial dimension space required during installation is smaller, which can be applied to relatively compact use scenarios and has a wider range of applications. The controller is also used to adjust the water delivery pressure of each water supply pipeline 31 and the gas delivery pressure of the air supply pipeline 42. According to the actual requirements of the simulated cloud and fog icing environment, the water pressure of the liquid water delivered by each water supply pipeline 31 and the air pressure of the compressed gas delivered by the air supply pipeline 42 can be flexibly adjusted for corresponding adaptation. The water pressure of the liquid water delivered by each water supply pipeline 31 is monitored in real time by the water pressure sensor 32 and fed back to the controller for correction. The air pressure of the compressed gas delivered by the air supply pipeline 42 is monitored in real time by the air pressure sensor 421 and fed back to the controller for correction, ensuring that the water pressure value of the liquid water delivered by each water supply pipeline 31 and the air pressure value of the compressed gas delivered by the air supply pipeline 42 are always maintained within the corresponding preset water pressure value range and the corresponding preset air pressure value range, so that it can be applied to simulate more icing environment scenarios and has a wider range of applications.

[0051] In specific applications, the number of the spray rakes 2 can be reasonably increased or decreased according to the cross-sectional size of the spray pipe 1 perpendicular to the axial direction. For example, in other embodiments, the spray rakes 2 are provided in other numbers such as three, four, or five.

[0052] It should be noted that the portion of the spray pipe 1 between the nozzle 5 and the mist outlet end face of the spray pipe 1 along the axial direction is the rectifying section 11. It is understood that the mist outlet end of the spray pipe 1 refers to the end of the spray pipe 1 along the axial direction facing the test piece to be tested.

[0053] It should be noted that the difference between the water supply pressure of the water source connected to the water supply pipe 31 of the spray rake 2 at the highest position and the water supply pressure of the water source connected to the water supply pipe 31 of the spray rake 2 at the lowest position is calculated by the following formula:

[0054] The height difference between the highest spray rake 2 and the lowest spray rake 2 × gravitational acceleration, where the value of gravitational acceleration is 9.8;

[0055] The water supply pipelines 31 with different water delivery pressures deliver liquid water to the spray rakes 2 at different heights respectively, so as to compensate for the water pressure difference of the liquid water delivered to the nozzles 5 at different heights caused by the height difference of the different spray rakes 2, ensure that the initial clouds sprayed by the nozzles 5 at different heights have similar liquid water content and cloud particle size distribution characteristics, and ensure the spatial uniformity of the initial clouds sprayed by the nozzles 5.

[0056] Specifically, when there is a height difference between the water pressure sensor 32 disposed on the water supply pipe 31 connected to the highest spray rake 2 and the water pressure sensor 32 disposed on the water supply pipe 31 connected to the lowest spray rake 2, the difference between the water supply pressure of the water source connected to the water supply pipe 31 of the spray rake 2 at the highest point and the water supply pressure of the water source connected to the water supply pipe 31 of the spray rake 2 at the lowest point is calculated using the following formula:

[0057] (the height difference between the highest spray rake 2 and the lowest spray rake 2 - the height difference between the water pressure sensor 32 provided on the water supply pipe 31 connected to the highest spray rake 2 and the water pressure sensor 32 provided on the water supply pipe 31 connected to the lowest spray rake 2) × gravity acceleration;

[0058] This is to compensate for the height difference of different spray rakes 2 and the height difference of different arrangement positions of the water pressure sensors 32, resulting in the difference in water pressure of the liquid water delivered to the nozzles 5 located at different heights, to ensure that the initial clouds sprayed by the nozzles 5 located at different heights have similar liquid water content and cloud particle size distribution characteristics, and to ensure the spatial uniformity of the initial clouds sprayed by the nozzles 5.

[0059] It can be understood that each water supply pipeline 31 includes a water source with a water pump, and the controller controls the water delivery pressure of the water supply pipeline 31 to control the water delivery pressure of the water pump; the air supply pipeline 42 includes an air source with an air pump, and the controller controls the air delivery pressure of the air supply pipeline 42 to control the air delivery pressure of the air pump.

[0060] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, optionally, each of the spray rakes 2 includes two spray modules 21 spaced apart in the height direction, and the nozzles 5 are arranged on the outer side walls of the spray modules 21; the water inlet ends of the two spray modules 21 of each spray rake 2 are connected through a parallel pipeline 33, and the water inlet of each parallel pipeline 33 is connected to a water supply pipeline 31. By providing each spray rake 2 with two spray modules 21 spaced apart in the height direction, and the two spray modules 21 of each spray rake 2 are provided with liquid water through a water supply pipeline 31, the water pressure deviation of the spray modules 21 in the spray rakes 2 at different heights is substantially zero, and more spray modules 21 can be arranged in the height direction under the same number of water supply pipelines 31, so that the number and density of the nozzles 5 in the flow channel section of the spray pipeline 1 perpendicular to the axial direction can be increased, and the spatial uniformity of the initial cloud sprayed by the nozzles 5 of the spray device of this embodiment can be further improved, so as to further shorten the rectifying section 11 in the spray pipeline 1 on the basis of achieving the uniformity required by the standard.

[0061] In specific applications, the number of spray modules 21 in each spray rake 2 can be reasonably increased or decreased according to the needs of actual tests. For example, in other embodiments, the spray rake 2 includes three, four, five or other spray modules 21.

[0062] It should be noted that each spray module 21 has an independent water flow channel and an air flow channel. The water flow channel connects the water inlet end of the spray module 21 with the nozzle 5, and the air flow channel connects the air inlet end of the spray module 21 with the nozzle 5; the corresponding water supply pipeline 31 and the air supply pipeline 42 connected to the spray modules 21 located at different heights respectively supply liquid water and compressed air pressure of set pressure to the corresponding spray modules 21; the liquid water and the compressed gas flow to the nozzle 5 through the independent water flow channel and air flow channel in the spray module 21 respectively for mixing, and finally form an initial cloud with a certain liquid water content and cloud particle size distribution characteristics, which is sprayed out from the nozzle 5.

[0063] It should be noted that the airflow used to simulate the atmosphere in the spray pipe 1 flows axially from left to right, flows out through the gap between two adjacent spray modules 21, and mixes with the mist particles sprayed by the nozzle 5 located in the corresponding spray module 21, so that the airflow and the mist particles are evenly mixed in the rectifying section 11 in the spray pipe 1, reducing the influence of the spray pipe 1 on the particle size distribution characteristics of the mist particles. The axial flow from left to right described in this article is based on Figure 2 perspective to describe it.

[0064] like Figure 1As shown, optionally, each of the parallel pipes 33 includes a first pipe 331 and a second pipe 332, and the water outlets of the first pipe 331 and the second pipe 332 are respectively connected to the water inlet ends of the two spray modules 21 of each spray rake 2; the water inlets of the first pipe 331 and the second pipe 332 are both connected to the water outlet end of the water supply pipe 31. The two spray modules 21 of each spray rake 2 are connected to the same water supply pipe 31 through the first pipe 331 and the second pipe 332, respectively, so that more spray modules 21 can be arranged in the height direction under the same number of water supply pipes 31, thereby increasing the number and density of nozzles 5 in the cross section of the spray pipe 1 perpendicular to the axial direction, further improving the spatial uniformity of the initial cloud sprayed by the nozzle 5 of the spray device of this embodiment, and further shortening the rectifying section 11 in the spray pipe 1 on the basis of achieving the uniformity required by the standard. Specifically, the first pipe 331 and the second pipe 332 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the water outlet end of the water supply pipe 31 in the height direction.

[0065] Optionally, the four spray modules 21 are evenly spaced in the height direction. The two spray modules 21 located at the top are transported with liquid water by the same water supply pipeline 31, and the two spray modules 21 located at the bottom are transported with liquid water by another water supply pipeline 31 with different water supply pressures, so that the water pressure of the liquid water transported to the nozzles 5 set in the two spray modules 21 located at the top and the liquid water transported to the nozzles 5 set in the two spray modules 21 located at the bottom are basically consistent, so that the initial clouds sprayed by the nozzles 5 at different heights have similar liquid water content and cloud particle size distribution characteristics, ensuring the spatial uniformity of the initial clouds sprayed by the nozzles 5; at the same time, by keeping the distance between the two adjacent nozzles 5 in the height direction basically the same, the initial clouds sprayed by the nozzles 5 at different heights can be mixed more quickly to achieve the uniformity required by the standard, and the rectifying section 11 in the spray pipeline 1 is further shortened.

[0066] Preferably, the spacing between two adjacent nozzles 5 arranged on the same spray module 21 is equal to the spacing between two adjacent spray modules 21 in the height direction, ensuring that the nozzles 5 are evenly distributed in the flow channel cross-section of the spray pipe 1, so that the initial cloud sprayed by the nozzles 5 located at different positions can be mixed more quickly to achieve the uniformity required by the standard, further shortening the straightening section 11 in the spray pipe 1.

[0067] It should be noted that if Figure 1As shown, because the cross-section of the spray pipe 1 perpendicular to the axial direction is circular, the lengths of the four spray modules 21 arranged in the spray pipe 1 in a spaced-apart manner along the height direction are different, that is, the numbers of the nozzles 5 provided on the four spray modules 21 are slightly different. Specifically, two nozzles 5 are provided on the two spray modules 21 located at the top and the bottom, and four nozzles 5 are provided on the two spray modules 21 located in the middle, so that the nozzles 5 on the two upper spray rakes 2 and the nozzles 5 on the two lower spray rakes 2 are spaced-apart along the height direction with respect to the center of the spray pipe 1, further improving the distribution uniformity of the nozzles 5 in the flow channel cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction of the spray pipe 1.

[0068] Optionally, the distance between the spray module 21 located at the top and the spray module 21 located at the bottom in the height direction is set to 0.1 meter to 0.3 meter, preferably 0.2 meter here; ensuring the density of the nozzles 5 in the flow channel section of the spray pipe 1 perpendicular to the axial direction, further improving the spatial uniformity of the initial cloud sprayed by the nozzle 5 of the spray device of this embodiment, and further shortening the straightening section 11 in the spray pipe 1 on the basis of achieving the uniformity required by the standard.

[0069] like Figure 2 As shown, optionally, the spray pipe 1 is connected to a cone 6 at the axial end of the mist outlet, and the outer size of the cone 6 gradually decreases in the axial direction away from the spray pipe 1. Because the initial mist sprayed by the nozzles 5 at different heights has similar liquid water content and mist particle size distribution characteristics, the spatial uniformity of the initial mist sprayed by the nozzles 5 is ensured, so it is only necessary to add a shorter cone 6 as a contraction section at the mist outlet end of the spray pipe 1 to further mix the mist preliminarily mixed by the rectifying section 11 in the spray pipe 1 to ensure the uniformity required by the standard; at the same time, the spray pipe 1 and the cone 6 have little effect on the particle size distribution characteristics of the mist particles, so as to achieve the control and simulation of specific icing environment conditions.

[0070] Optionally, the distance between the connection between the spray pipe 1 and the cone 6 and the nozzle 5 along the axial direction is set to 0.8 meters to 2 meters, preferably 1.4 meters here. Because the initial mist sprayed by the nozzles 5 at different heights has similar liquid water content and mist particle size distribution characteristics, the spatial uniformity of the initial mist sprayed by the nozzle 5 is ensured. Therefore, by setting the rectifying section 11 in the spray pipe 1 to 1.4 meters, the axial dimension of the spray pipe 1 of the spray device of this embodiment can be shortened on the basis of mixing the mist to achieve the uniformity required by the standard, and it can be applied to the use scene with relatively compact space.

[0071] Optionally, the inclination angle of the outer peripheral surface of the conical cylinder portion 6 is set to 2° to 5°. The conical cylinder portion 6 with a contraction angle within this angle range is more conducive to further mixing the mist that is initially mixed and output through the rectifying section 11 in the spray pipe 1, thereby further shortening the conical cylinder portion 6 on the basis of ensuring the uniformity of the mist required by the standard.

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, optionally, the air inlet end of each of the spray modules 21 extends outside the spray pipe 1 and is connected to the corresponding air delivery pipe 41, and the water inlet end of each of the spray modules 21 extends outside the spray pipe 1 and is connected to the corresponding parallel pipeline 33. This arrangement makes it easier to connect the air inlet end of the spray module 21 with the corresponding air delivery pipe 41, and to connect the water inlet end of the spray module 21 with the corresponding parallel pipeline 33; at the same time, it can increase the size of the spray module 21 in the spray pipe 1 for installing the nozzle 5, thereby increasing the number and density of the nozzles 5 in the flow channel section of the spray pipe 1 perpendicular to the axial direction, and further improving the spatial uniformity of the initial cloud sprayed by the nozzle 5 of the spray device of this embodiment.

[0073] Embodiment 2

[0074] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 A pressure control method provided in this embodiment is shown, which is used to control the water delivery pressure and gas delivery pressure of the spray device described in Example 1. The pressure control method includes the following steps:

[0075] The theoretical water pressure values ​​of the water supply pipelines 31 for delivering liquid water to the spray rakes 2 at different heights are respectively input into the controller as preset water pressure values;

[0076] The actual water pressure values ​​of the corresponding water supply pipelines 31 for delivering liquid water to the spray rakes 2 at different heights are measured by the respective water pressure sensors 32, and the actual water pressure values ​​are transmitted to the controller. The controller compares the actual water pressure values ​​with the corresponding preset water pressure values ​​to obtain a water pressure deviation value, and adjusts the water delivery pressure of the corresponding water supply pipelines 31 according to the water pressure deviation value until the actual water pressure value of each water supply pipeline 31 is the same as the corresponding preset water pressure value;

[0077] The theoretical air pressure value of the compressed air required for mixing and atomizing the nozzle 5 is input into the controller as a preset air pressure value;

[0078] The actual air pressure value of the air supply pipeline 42 for delivering compressed gas to the spray rake 2 is measured by the air pressure sensor 421, and the actual air pressure value is transmitted to the controller. The controller compares the actual air pressure value with the corresponding preset water pressure value to obtain an air pressure deviation value, and adjusts the air delivery pressure of the air supply pipeline 42 according to the air pressure deviation value until the actual air pressure value of the air supply pipeline 42 is the same as the preset air pressure value.

[0079] The pressure control method of this embodiment is to set water pressure sensors 32 on the water supply pipelines 31 that respectively transport liquid water to the spray rakes 2 located at different heights. Each water pressure sensor 32 is electrically connected to the controller and transmits the monitored actual water pressure value to the controller in real time. The controller compares the monitored actual water pressure value with the corresponding preset water pressure value to determine whether the actual water pressure value of the water supply pipeline 31 is within the range of the corresponding theoretical water pressure value (i.e., to determine whether there is a water pressure deviation). If there is a water pressure deviation, the controller increases or decreases the water delivery pressure of the water supply pipeline 31 according to the water pressure deviation to ensure that the water supply pipeline The actual water pressure value of the path 31 is always within the range of the corresponding theoretical water pressure value, thereby ensuring that the water pressure of the liquid water delivered to the nozzles 5 at different heights is basically the same, so that the initial mist sprayed by the nozzles 5 at different heights has similar liquid water content and cloud particle size distribution characteristics, ensuring the spatial uniformity of the initial mist sprayed by the nozzle 5; and thus, only a shorter rectifying section 11 is set at the mist outlet end of the spray pipe 1 for mixing to achieve the uniformity required by the standard, and the cloud particle size distribution characteristics change less, realizing the control and simulation of specific icing environment conditions. At the same time, the rectifying section 11 of the spray device is shorter in size, and the axial dimension space required for installation is smaller, which can be applied to relatively compact use scenarios and has a wider range of applications.

[0080] The pressure control method of this embodiment is achieved by providing an air pressure sensor 421 at the air outlet end of the air supply pipeline 42. The air pressure sensor 421 is electrically connected to the controller. The air pressure sensor 421 monitors the actual air pressure value of the compressed gas flowing in the air supply pipeline 42 in real time and transmits it to the controller. The controller compares the monitored actual air pressure value with the preset air pressure value, and determines whether the actual air pressure value of the air supply pipeline 42 is within the range of the theoretical air pressure value (that is, determines whether there is an air pressure deviation). If there is an air pressure deviation, the controller increases or decreases the air delivery pressure of the air supply pipeline 42 according to the air pressure deviation, to ensure that the actual air pressure value of the air supply pipeline 42 is always within the range of the theoretical air pressure value during the test, thereby ensuring the control and simulation effect of specific icing environment conditions. The controller is also used to adjust the water delivery pressure of each water supply pipeline 31 and the gas delivery pressure of the air supply pipeline 42. According to the actual requirements of the simulated cloud and fog icing environment, the water pressure of the liquid water delivered by each water supply pipeline 31 and the air pressure of the compressed gas delivered by the air supply pipeline 42 can be flexibly adjusted for corresponding adaptation. The water pressure of the liquid water delivered by each water supply pipeline 31 is monitored in real time by the water pressure sensor 32 and fed back to the controller for correction. The air pressure of the compressed gas delivered by the air supply pipeline 42 is monitored in real time by the air pressure sensor 421 and fed back to the controller for correction, ensuring that the water pressure value of the liquid water delivered by each water supply pipeline 31 and the air pressure value of the compressed gas delivered by the air supply pipeline 42 are always maintained within the corresponding preset water pressure value range and the corresponding preset air pressure value range, so that it can be applied to simulate more icing environment scenarios and has a wider range of applications.

[0081] It should be noted that when the actual air pressure value is within the range of the theoretical air pressure value, there is no air pressure deviation; when the actual water pressure value is within the range of the corresponding theoretical water pressure value, there is no water pressure deviation.

[0082] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A spray device for icing test, used to spray mist to simulate icing environment on the test piece to be tested, characterized in that: The spray device comprises: A spray pipe (1) in which an airflow for simulating an atmospheric environment flows axially; Two spray rakes (2) are arranged in the spray pipe (1) at intervals along the height direction, and one end of each spray rake (2) along its length direction is set as a water inlet end, and the other end is set as an air inlet end; The water inlet end of each spray rake (2) is connected to a water supply pipeline (31), and the water supply pipeline (31) is used to transport liquid water into the spray rake (2); each water supply pipeline (31) is provided with a water pressure sensor (32), and the water pressure sensor (32) is electrically connected to a controller, and the controller controls the water delivery pressure of the water supply pipeline (31); each water supply pipeline (31) includes a water source with a water pump; The water inlet ends of the two water supply pipelines (31) are arranged parallel to the first direction, the water inlet ends of the two water supply pipelines (31) are arranged at intervals in the height direction, and the two water pressure sensors (32) are respectively arranged at the water inlet ends of the corresponding water supply pipelines (31); The difference between the water supply pressure of the water source of the water supply pipeline (31) connected to the spray rake (2) at the highest point and the water supply pressure of the water source of the water supply pipeline (31) connected to the spray rake (2) at the lowest point is calculated using the following formula: (the height difference between the highest spray rake (2) and the lowest spray rake (2) - the height difference between the water pressure sensor (32) arranged on the water supply pipe (31) connected to the highest spray rake (2) and the water pressure sensor (32) arranged on the water supply pipe (31) connected to the lowest spray rake (2)) × gravitational acceleration; A plurality of nozzles (5) are connected and arranged on the outer wall of each spray rake (2), and the plurality of nozzles (5) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the spray rake (2). The nozzles (5) are used to mix the liquid water and compressed air in the spray rake (2) into atomized mixture and spray the mixture axially into the spray pipe (1); Each of the spray rakes (2) comprises two spray modules (21) spaced apart in the height direction, and the nozzle (5) is arranged on the outer wall of the spray module (21); the water inlet ends of the two spray modules (21) of each of the spray rakes (2) are connected via a parallel pipeline (33), and the water inlet of each of the parallel pipelines (33) is connected to one of the water supply pipelines (31); the distance in the height direction between the spray module (21) located at the top and the spray module (21) located at the bottom is set to be 0.1 m to 0.3 m; The air inlet end of each spray rake (2) is connected to an air supply pipeline (42) via an air delivery pipe (41); the air supply pipeline (42) is used to deliver compressed gas into the spray rake (2); an air pressure sensor (421) is provided at the air outlet end of the air supply pipeline (42); the air pressure sensor (421) is electrically connected to the controller; and the controller controls the air delivery pressure of the air supply pipeline (42).

2. A spray device for icing test according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the parallel pipelines (33) comprises a first pipe (331) and a second pipe (332); the water outlets of the first pipe (331) and the second pipe (332) are respectively connected to the water inlet ends of the two spray modules (21) of each spray rake (2); and the water inlets of the first pipe (331) and the second pipe (332) are both connected to the water outlet end of the water supply pipeline (31).

3. A spray device for icing test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four spray modules (21) are evenly spaced along the height direction.

4. A spray device for icing test according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent nozzles (5) arranged on the same spray module (21) is equal to the distance between two adjacent spray modules (21) in the height direction.

5. A spray device for icing test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray pipe (1) is connected to a conical cylinder portion (6) at the mist outlet end along the axial direction, and the outer dimensions of the conical cylinder portion (6) gradually decrease in the axial direction away from the spray pipe (1).

6. A spray device for icing test according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance between the connection point between the spray pipe (1) and the cone portion (6) and the nozzle (5) along the axial direction is set to be 0.8 meters to 2 meters; And / or, the inclination angle of the outer peripheral surface of the conical cylinder portion (6) is set to 2° to 5°.

7. A spray device for icing test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet end of each of the spray modules (21) extends to the outside of the spray pipe (1) and is connected to the corresponding air delivery pipe (41), and the water inlet end of each of the spray modules (21) extends to the outside of the spray pipe (1) and is connected to the corresponding parallel pipeline (33).

8. A pressure control method, characterized in that: Used to control the water delivery pressure and gas delivery pressure of the spray device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the pressure control method comprises the following steps: respectively inputting theoretical water pressure values ​​of various water supply pipelines (31) for delivering liquid water to spray rakes (2) located at different heights into the controller as preset water pressure values; The actual water pressure values ​​of the corresponding water supply pipelines (31) for delivering liquid water to the spray rakes (2) at different heights are measured respectively by means of the respective water pressure sensors (32), and the actual water pressure values ​​are transmitted to the controller; the controller compares the actual water pressure values ​​with the corresponding preset water pressure values ​​to obtain a water pressure deviation value, and adjusts the water delivery pressure of the corresponding water supply pipelines (31) according to the water pressure deviation value until the actual water pressure value of each water supply pipeline (31) is the same as the corresponding preset water pressure value; Inputting a theoretical air pressure value of the compressed air required for mixing and atomizing the nozzle (5) into the controller as a preset air pressure value; An actual air pressure value of an air supply pipeline (42) for delivering compressed air to the spray rake (2) is measured by an air pressure sensor (421), and the actual air pressure value is transmitted to the controller; the controller compares the actual air pressure value with the corresponding preset water pressure value to obtain an air pressure deviation value, and adjusts the air delivery pressure of the air supply pipeline (42) according to the air pressure deviation value until the actual air pressure value of the air supply pipeline (42) is the same as the preset air pressure value.

Images