Waterproof structure and construction method of extended beams on basement exterior walls

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of building waterproofing construction and specifically discloses a waterproof structure and construction method for an external cantilever beam of a basement exterior wall. The waterproof structure includes an exterior wall surface and an external cantilever beam cast on the exterior wall surface. The external cantilever beam includes a first section, a second section, and a third section arranged in sequence. One end of the first section is connected to the exterior wall surface. A waterproof coating is provided between the other end of the first section and the second section. The cross-sectional dimensions of the third section are smaller than those of the second section, and a waterproof surface is formed along the circumference of the third section at the end face of the second section. The structure also includes a first waterproofing membrane attached to the exterior wall surface and a second waterproofing membrane attached to the external cantilever beam. The second waterproofing membrane includes a connection portion connected to the first waterproofing membrane and a waterproofing portion bent at the external cantilever beam and attached to the external cantilever beam. The solution of the present invention can solve the problem of water vapor easily penetrating into the external cantilever beam and then into the basement under the action of water pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of building waterproof construction, and in particular relates to a waterproof structure of an outward extending beam of a basement outer wall and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the domestic construction market, in order to ensure that buildings are not eroded by water and the internal space of buildings is not harmed, the requirements for building waterproofing in construction projects are increasing. At present, the problem of waterproofing in low water levels is particularly prominent. For example, the problem of basement leakage has become a difficult problem in the field of construction.

[0003] To ensure the basement's load-bearing capacity, outrigger beams are typically installed on the basement's exterior walls. These beams, buried in the ground, provide vertical support to the basement's exterior walls. However, in traditional waterproofing designs, waterproofing membranes are typically applied only to the exterior walls, often neglecting the outrigger beams or only at the junctions between the outrigger beams and the exterior walls. Under the permeation pressure of underground water vapor, water vapor can easily penetrate the outrigger beams and enter the basement. This is especially true during periods of heavy or prolonged rainfall, when the amount of water in the foundation soil increases. Under the influence of water pressure, water vapor can easily penetrate into the outrigger beams or penetrate through the ends of the waterproof membrane on the outrigger beams, damaging the waterproof membrane at the junction between the outrigger beams and the exterior walls. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a waterproof structure and construction method for an outrigger beam on the exterior wall of a basement, so as to solve the problem that water vapor easily penetrates into the outrigger beam and then into the basement under the action of water pressure.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The waterproof structure of the cantilever beam on the outer wall of the basement includes an outer wall surface and an cantilever beam cast on the outer wall surface, the cantilever beam includes a first section, a second section and a third section arranged in sequence, one end of the first section is connected to the outer wall surface, and a waterproof coating is provided between the other end of the first section and the second section, the cross-sectional size of the third section is smaller than the cross-sectional size of the second section, and a waterproof surface is formed around the third section at the end face of the second section; it also includes a first waterproof membrane pasted on the outer wall surface and a second waterproof membrane pasted on the cantilever beam, the second waterproof membrane includes a connecting portion connected to the first waterproof membrane and a waterproof portion bent at the cantilever beam and adhered to the cantilever beam, the waterproof portion is adhered to the first section, the waterproof coating, the second section, and the waterproof surface in sequence and then adhered to the third section; a waterproof mortar layer is provided on the outside of the waterproof portion of the outer wall of the first section, on the connecting portion on the outer wall surface, and on the first waterproof membrane on the outer wall surface in the circumference of the first section.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0008] 1. By setting a waterproof mortar layer, the first waterproof membrane and the second waterproof membrane at the connection between the cantilever beam and the exterior wall are protected to prevent water from seeping into the basement through the connection between the cantilever beam and the exterior wall.

[0009] 2. The cantilever beam includes a first section, a second section and a third section. A waterproof coating is provided between the first section and the second section, and the waterproof portion is pasted through the waterproof coating. On the one hand, the waterproof portion can prevent water from penetrating into the cantilever beam from the outer walls of the first section and the second section. On the other hand, the provision of the waterproof coating can also prevent water from penetrating into the first section from the second section, thereby preventing water from penetrating along the axial direction of the cantilever beam.

[0010] 3. A waterproof surface is formed at the end face of the second section around the third section, and the waterproof part is attached to the third section after passing the waterproof surface. By bending the waterproof part at the waterproof surface, it is difficult for water to damage the second waterproof membrane when it moves to the waterproof surface. The waterproof part at the waterproof surface is also squeezed by the underground soil layer, so it can better fit on the waterproof surface. The end of the second waterproof membrane is attached to the third section. Even if it is eroded and fails by water flow, it can only cause the waterproof part on the third section to fail, and it is difficult to affect the waterproof surface and the waterproof part on the second section.

[0011] Furthermore, an annular truncation groove is provided on the third section, and the end of the waterproof part is fixed in the truncation groove.

[0012] Furthermore, an expansion waterstop is fixed in the cut-off groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the cross section of the expansion waterstop is L-shaped, and the bending portion of the expansion waterstop is stuck on the upper side of the waterproof portion.

[0014] Furthermore, one end of the first section close to the second section is provided with a boss that protrudes circumferentially from the end of the first section, and a waterproof coating is coated on the boss.

[0015] Furthermore, an extension hole for the extension of the outward beam is opened on the outer wall surface, and the first waterproof membrane includes a ring-shaped extension portion extending into the extension hole, and the extension portion is used to be buried in the first section.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes multiple groups of fixing components for fixing the waterproof part, the fixing components include a clamp for being mounted on the outside of the waterproof part and a limiter for limiting the clamp, the clamp includes two N-shaped clamping rods, and connecting rods are fixed at both ends of the clamping rods, and the limiter includes a bolt for connecting the connecting rods of the two clamping rods together.

[0017] Furthermore, a protective shell for protecting the waterproof part is also included.

[0018] Furthermore, the protective shell includes a baffle and supporting ribs fixed in the baffle, and a waterproof adhesive layer is provided between the protective shell and the waterproof part.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0020] The waterproof construction method based on the waterproof structure of the outrigger beam of the basement exterior wall includes the following steps:

[0021] S1. After pouring the exterior wall, adhere the first waterproof membrane to the exterior wall, and then pour the first section of the cantilever beam so that the extended portion of the first waterproof membrane is buried in the first section; the length of the first section is 300 mm;

[0022] S2. Adhere the second waterproof membrane so that one end of the second waterproof membrane is adhered to the first waterproof membrane to form a connecting portion, and the other end of the second waterproof membrane is bent and adhered to the first section to form a waterproof portion, wherein the length of the waterproof portion is greater than the length of the first section;

[0023] S3. Make a waterproof mortar layer on the outer wall and outer wall surface of the first section in the circumferential direction of the first section;

[0024] S4, roughening the end surface of the first section, and then applying waterproof coating on the end surface of the first section;

[0025] S5. After pouring the second section of the cantilever beam, pour the third section of the cantilever beam, and then stick the waterproof part of the first section over the second section and the waterproof surface in turn, and then stick it on the third section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the clamp in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Exterior wall; 2. First waterproof membrane; 3. Connection part; 4. Waterproof part; 5. Second waterproof membrane; 6. Waterproof mortar layer; 7. First section; 8. Second section; 9. Third section; 10. Cantilever beam; 11. Waterproof adhesive layer; 12. Protective shell; 13. Clamping rod; 14. Connecting rod; 15. Bolt; 16. Boss; 17. Waterproof coating; 18. Waterproof surface; 19. Expansion water stop; 20. Cut-off groove; 21. Extension part; 22. Nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and specific implementation methods will be given.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, the waterproof structure of the basement exterior wall cantilever beam 10 includes an exterior wall surface 1 and a cantilever beam 10 cast on the exterior wall surface 1. Specifically, the exterior wall surface 1 is provided with an extension hole for the cantilever beam 10 to extend out. After the exterior wall surface 1 is cast, the cantilever beam 10 can be cast so that one end of the cantilever beam 10 extends into the extension hole and is flush with the side of the exterior wall surface 1 facing the basement. The other end of the cantilever beam 10 extends out of the exterior wall surface 1 for burial in the underground soil.

[0031] The cantilever beam 10 includes a first section 7, a second section 8, and a third section 9, arranged in sequence. One end of the first section 7 is connected to the exterior wall 1. A waterproof coating 17 is provided between the other end of the first section 7 and the second section 8. Specifically, the waterproof coating 17 is 2-3 mm thick and is a polymer cement waterproof coating 17 (also known as JS waterproof coating 17) used in the prior art. A boss 16 is provided at the end of the first section 7 near the second section 8, circumferentially protruding from the end of the first section 7. The waterproof coating 17 is applied to the boss 16. The arrangement of the boss 16 ensures that the coating area of ​​the waterproof coating 17 is larger than the area of ​​the end face of the first section 7, providing comprehensive protection for the end face of the first section 7 and preventing water seepage due to uneven application of the waterproof coating 17 at the edge of the end face of the first section 7.

[0032] The cross-sectional dimension of the third section 9 is smaller than that of the second section 8, and a waterproof surface 18 is formed along the circumference of the third section 9 at the end face of the second section 8. Specifically, taking the example where the cross-sectional dimensions of the second section 8 and the third section 9 are both rectangular, the third section 9 and the second section 8 are coaxially arranged, and the length and width dimensions of the cross-sectional dimensions of the third section 9 are both smaller than the length and width dimensions of the cross-sectional dimensions of the second section 8.

[0033] The waterproof structure for the cantilever beam 10 on the basement's exterior wall also includes a first waterproof membrane 2 adhered to the exterior wall 1, and a second waterproof membrane 5 adhered to the cantilever beam 10. The first waterproof membrane 2 is sequentially adhered along the surface of the exterior wall 1, leaving a hole in the cantilever beam 10 for passage. In the actual design process, the first waterproof membrane 2 includes an annular extension 21 that extends into the extension hole. The extension 21 is embedded in the first section 7. After the first waterproof membrane 2 is adhered, when the first section 7 of the cantilever beam 10 is cast, the extension 21 is embedded in the first section 7, thereby preventing a gap between the first section 7 and the exterior wall of the cantilever beam 10 and achieving a better sealing and waterproofing effect.

[0034] The second waterproof membrane 5 includes a connection portion 3 connected to the first waterproof membrane 2 and a waterproof portion 4 bent at the cantilever beam 10 and attached to the cantilever beam 10. The connection portion 3 connects to the first waterproof membrane 2 and then bends to form the waterproof portion 4, thereby reducing the gap between the first waterproof membrane 2 and the second waterproof membrane 5. The waterproof portions 4 on multiple sides of the cantilever beam 10 have overlapping portions at the corners of the cantilever beam 10 to avoid gaps between the waterproof portions 4 on multiple sides. A waterproof mortar layer 6 is provided on the outer side of the waterproof portion 4 of the outer wall of the first section 7, the connection portion 3 on the outer wall 1 located circumferentially of the first section 7, and the first waterproof membrane 2. The provision of the waterproof mortar layer 6 protects the first waterproof membrane 2 and the second waterproof membrane 5 at the connection between the cantilever beam 10 and the outer wall 1, preventing water from seeping into the basement through the connection between the cantilever beam 10 and the outer wall 1. The waterproof mortar layer 6 is made of waterproof mortar used for rigid waterproofing in the prior art.

[0035] The waterproof part 4 is sequentially attached to the first section 7, the waterproof coating 17, the second section 8, and the waterproof surface 18 before being attached to the third section 9. The end face of the second section 8 forms a waterproof surface 18 along the circumference of the third section 9. By bending the waterproof part 4 at the waterproof surface 18, it is difficult for water to damage the second waterproof membrane 5 when the water flows to the waterproof surface 18. In addition, the waterproof part 4 at the waterproof surface 18 is also squeezed by the underground soil layer, so that it can better adhere to the waterproof surface 18.

[0036] The third section 9 is provided with an annular cut-off groove 20, and the end of the waterproof portion 4 is fixed in the cut-off groove 20. By bending the end of the waterproof portion 4 and fixing it in the cut-off groove 20, a certain protection effect is provided to the end of the waterproof portion 4, preventing water flow from eroding the end of the waterproof portion 4 and damaging the second waterproof membrane 5. An expansion waterstop is fixed in the cut-off groove 20. The expansion waterstop is a water-expanding rubber waterstop in the prior art. The cross-section of the expansion waterstop is L-shaped, and the bend of the expansion waterstop is stuck on the upper side of the waterproof portion 4. When water flows to the cut-off groove 20, the expansion waterstop absorbs water and expands, filling the cut-off groove 20, and providing a certain protection effect to the end of the waterproof portion 4 in the cut-off groove 20. Moreover, the bend of the expansion waterstop will also press the waterproof portion 4 after expansion, further protecting the end of the waterproof portion 4.

[0037] In order to ensure that the waterproof part 4 fits tightly on the cantilever beam 10, multiple sets of fixing components for fixing the waterproof part 4 are also included. The fixing components include a clamp for sleeved on the outside of the waterproof part 4 and a limiter for limiting the clamp. Figure 2As shown, the clamp includes two N-shaped clamping rods 13, and connecting rods 14 are fixed at both ends of the clamping rods 13. The limiting member includes a bolt 15 for connecting the connecting rods 14 of the two clamping rods 13 together. Both ends of the bolt 15 are threadedly connected with nuts 22. By tightening the nuts 22 at both ends of the bolt 15, the nuts 22 are pressed against the connecting rods 14, and the tightness of the clamp can be adjusted so that the clamp clamps the waterproof part 4.

[0038] In another embodiment of the present invention, in order to prevent sand from falling onto the surface of the waterproof portion 4 and damaging the waterproof portion 4 when backfilling the underground soil layer, a protective shell 12 for protecting the waterproof portion 4 is also included. Specifically, the protective shell 12 is provided with multiple sections located between the outer wall 1 and the clamp, between adjacent clamps, and between the clamp and the third section 9. In the actual design process, the protective shell 12 and the clamp rod 13 or the connecting rod 14 can be fixed with bolts 15. The ends of the protective shell 12 and the side walls of the outer wall 1 and the third section 9 can also be fixed by bolts 15. The protective shell 12 includes a plurality of baffles arranged circumferentially around the cantilever beam 10 and support ribs fixed within the baffles. The support ribs increase the support strength of the baffles. However, there is inevitably a gap between the protective shell 12 and the waterproof part 4. If water vapor enters the gap, it is difficult to discharge and it is easy to damage the waterproof part 4. After fixing the protective shell 12, waterproof glue in the prior art is injected into the protective shell 12 to fill the gap between the protective shell 12 and the waterproof part 4, that is, a waterproof glue layer 11 is provided between the protective shell 12 and the waterproof part 4.

[0039] The waterproof construction method based on the waterproof structure of the basement outer wall extension beam 10 includes the following steps:

[0040] S1. After pouring the exterior wall 1, adhere the first waterproof membrane 2 to the exterior wall 1. Then, pour the first section 7 of the cantilever beam 10, forming a boss 16 at the end of the first section 7. During the pouring process, the extension 21 of the first waterproof membrane 2 is embedded in the first section 7. The length of the first section 7 is 300-500 mm.

[0041] S2. Bond the second waterproof roll 5 so that one end of the second waterproof roll 5 is bonded to the first waterproof roll 2 to form a connecting portion 3, and the other end of the second waterproof roll 5 is bent and bonded to the first section 7 to form a waterproof portion 4. The length of the waterproof portion 4 is greater than that of the first section 7.

[0042] S3. A waterproof mortar layer 6 is formed on the outer wall and the outer wall surface 1 of the first section 7 in the circumferential direction of the first section 7 .

[0043] S4. Roughen the end surface of the first section 7, and then apply waterproof coating 17 on the end surface of the first section 7. The roughening process increases the connection strength between the end surface of the first section 7 and the waterproof coating 17.

[0044] S5. After casting the second section 8 of the cantilever beam 10, cast the third section 9 of the cantilever beam 10, and then stick the waterproof part 4 beyond the first section 7 over the second section 8 and the waterproof surface 18 in sequence and then stick it on the third section 9.

[0045] S6. Carve out a truncation groove 20 on the third section 9 of the outrigger beam 10 , fix the end of the waterproof portion 4 into the truncation groove 20 , and then fix the expansion waterstop strip 19 in the truncation groove 20 .

[0046] S7. Install the clamp to clamp the waterproof part 4 onto the outrigger beam 10.

[0047] S8. Install the protective shell 12 and inject waterproof glue into the gap between the protective shell 12 and the waterproof part 4 to form a waterproof glue layer 11.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The waterproof structure of the basement outer wall cantilever beam includes an outer wall surface and a cantilever beam cast on the outer wall surface, characterized in that: The outrigger comprises a first section, a second section and a third section arranged in sequence, one end of the first section is connected to the outer wall surface, a waterproof coating is provided between the other end of the first section and the second section, an end of the first section close to the second section is provided with a boss protruding circumferentially from the end of the first section, and the waterproof coating is applied on the boss; the cross-sectional size of the third section is smaller than the cross-sectional size of the second section, and a waterproof surface around the third section is formed at the end face of the second section; it also includes a first waterproof roll material pasted on the outer wall surface and a second waterproof roll material pasted on the outrigger beam, an extension hole for the outrigger beam to extend is opened on the outer wall surface, and the first waterproof roll material includes an extension hole An annular extension portion extending into the extension hole is used to be buried in the first section; the second waterproof membrane includes a connecting portion connected to the first waterproof membrane and a waterproof portion bent at the outrigger beam and attached to the outrigger beam, the waterproof portion is attached to the third section after being sequentially attached to the first section, waterproof coating, second section, and waterproof surface, and an annular truncation groove is provided on the third section, the end of the waterproof portion is fixed in the truncation groove, and an expansion waterstop is fixed in the truncation groove; a waterproof mortar layer is provided on the outside of the waterproof portion of the outer wall of the first section, on the outer wall surface on the connecting portion, and on the first waterproof membrane on the outer wall surface located circumferentially of the first section.

2. The waterproof structure of the basement outer wall cantilever beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the expansion waterstop is L-shaped, and the bending part of the expansion waterstop is stuck on the upper side of the waterproof part.

3. The waterproof structure of the basement outer wall cantilever beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes multiple groups of fixing components for fixing the waterproof part, the fixing components include a clamp for being mounted on the outside of the waterproof part and a limiter for limiting the clamp, the clamp includes two N-shaped clamping rods, and connecting rods are fixed at both ends of the clamping rods. The limiter includes a bolt for connecting the connecting rods of the two clamping rods together.

4. The waterproof structure of the basement outer wall cantilever beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a protective case for protecting the waterproof portion.

5. The waterproof structure of the basement outer wall cantilever beam according to claim 4, characterized in that: The protective shell includes a baffle and supporting ribs fixed in the baffle, and a waterproof adhesive layer is provided between the protective shell and the waterproof part.

6. A waterproof construction method for a basement exterior wall cantilever beam waterproof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. After pouring the exterior wall, adhere the first waterproof membrane to the exterior wall, and then pour the first section of the cantilever beam so that the extended portion of the first waterproof membrane is buried in the first section; the length of the first section is 300-500 mm; S2. Adhere the second waterproof membrane so that one end of the second waterproof membrane is adhered to the first waterproof membrane to form a connecting portion, and the other end of the second waterproof membrane is bent and adhered to the first section to form a waterproof portion, wherein the length of the waterproof portion is greater than the length of the first section; S3. Make a waterproof mortar layer on the outer wall and outer wall surface of the first section in the circumferential direction of the first section; S4, roughening the end surface of the first section, and then applying waterproof coating on the end surface of the first section; S5. After pouring the second section of the cantilever beam, pour the third section of the cantilever beam, and then stick the waterproof part of the first section over the second section and the waterproof surface in turn, and then stick it on the third section.

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