Source excitation device

Abstract

The present application proposes a seismic source excitation device, which includes a transmitter assembly, a rotating table, a hydraulic station, a vacuum pumping device, a high-pressure air bottle, a steel plate and a base, wherein the transmitter assembly is arranged on the base, and is used to launch a bullet at the steel plate to generate seismic waves; the rotating table is connected to the transmitter assembly, and is used to control the rotation of the transmitter assembly to adjust the launch direction of the transmitter assembly; the hydraulic station is connected to the rotating table, and is used to provide power to the rotating table to drive the rotating table to rotate; the high-pressure air bottle is connected to the transmitter assembly, and is used to provide power to the bullet through the compressed air in the high-pressure air bottle; the vacuum pumping device is connected to the transmitter assembly, and is used to make the bullet return to the launch position of the transmitter assembly. Thus, it is possible to provide kinetic energy to the bullet based on the gas pressure of the compressed air, so that the bullet completes the impact on the steel plate, and thus effectively obtain seismic waves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of seismic exploration equipment, and in particular to a seismic source excitation device. Background Art

[0002] For the safety of coal mine production, before mining coal, relevant staff need to conduct a comprehensive survey of the coal rock structure in front of the coal mine working face to identify folds, faults and magmatic rock intrusions, and analyze the factors affecting safety in combination with the structure to make an effective and safe mining plan. During the coal mining process, the working face is disturbed by mining, and the coal rock mass is continuously and discontinuously damaged, affecting the stability of the coal rock mass. Therefore, accurate monitoring of the all-round coal rock structure of the mine working face throughout its life cycle can provide guarantees for coal rock stability control and safe mining in coal mines.

[0003] In the related technology, seismic exploration technology can be used to detect the coal-rock structure in coal mines. In seismic exploration technology, a seismic source device is used to generate seismic waves. By analyzing the dynamic propagation characteristics of seismic waves in coal mine media, the coal-rock structure in coal mines can be detected. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to some extent.

[0005] The present application proposes a seismic source excitation device, which can provide kinetic energy to the bullet based on the gas pressure of compressed air, so that the bullet can impact the steel plate, thereby effectively obtaining seismic waves.

[0006] The first aspect of the present application provides a seismic source excitation device, which includes a transmitter assembly, a rotating table, a hydraulic station, a vacuum device, a high-pressure air bottle, a steel plate and a base, wherein the transmitter assembly is used to launch a bullet at a steel plate located in front of the bullet, so as to generate seismic waves through the impact of the bullet on the steel plate; wherein the transmitter assembly includes the bullet, and the steel plate is attached to the coal rock mass; the rotating table is arranged on the base, connected to the transmitter assembly, and is used to control the rotation of the transmitter assembly to adjust the launch direction of the transmitter assembly; the hydraulic station is connected to the rotating table, and is used to provide power to the rotating table to drive the rotating table to rotate; the high-pressure air bottle is connected to the transmitter assembly, and is used to provide power to the bullet through the compressed air in the high-pressure air bottle; the vacuum device is connected to the transmitter assembly, and is used to extract air in the transmitter assembly after the bullet is launched, so that the bullet returns to the launch position of the transmitter assembly.

[0007] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0009] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the source excitation device provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0010] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the transmitter assembly provided in this application;

[0011] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating platform provided in this application;

[0012] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the impact protection sub-device provided in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0014] At present, seismic exploration technology is often used to detect the coal and rock structure in underground coal mines.

[0015] Among them, the seismic sources used in seismic exploration are mainly divided into explosive sources and non-explosive sources. Among them, explosive sources are widely used, but the sub-wave stability is poor, and because explosive sources pollute the environment to a certain extent, explosives are strictly restricted, so explosive sources cannot guarantee the monitoring of coal rock structure throughout the life cycle of the mine. Non-explosive seismic sources mainly include hammer seismic sources, controllable source vehicles, air gun seismic sources, spark seismic sources, etc.; among them, the excitation energy of hammer seismic sources is limited, and it is easily affected by the environment, and cannot meet the requirements of deep coal rock structure monitoring; the controllable source vehicle is bulky and difficult to move underground, and the excitation signal of the controllable source vehicle is usually downward, which cannot meet the detection of coal rock structures on both sides of the underground; the air gun seismic source highly compresses the gas and then releases shock waves instantly to generate a pulse signal. The generated seismic waves have a high frequency and good repeatability; the spark seismic source mainly converts the electrical energy stored in the capacitor into mechanical energy through high-voltage discharge, and has the advantages of environmental protection, expandable energy, and safe operation. However, the use sites of air gun seismic sources and spark seismic sources are generally oceans or land waters, that is, their use sites are limited.

[0016] In view of the above problems, the present application proposes a seismic source excitation device.

[0017] The seismic source excitation device of an embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is the source excitation device provided in Example 1 of the present application.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the source excitation device 100 includes a transmitter assembly 110, a rotating platform 120, a hydraulic station 130, a vacuum pump 140, a high-pressure air bottle 150, a steel plate 160 and a base 170, wherein:

[0020] The launcher assembly 110 can be used to launch a bullet toward a steel plate 160 located in front of the bullet, so as to generate seismic waves through the impact of the bullet on the steel plate 160; wherein the launcher assembly 110 includes a bullet, and the steel plate 160 is attached to the coal rock mass.

[0021] The rotating platform 120 is disposed on the base 170 and connected to the transmitter assembly 110 . The rotating platform 120 can be used to control the rotation of the transmitter assembly to adjust the emission direction of the transmitter assembly 110 .

[0022] The hydraulic station 130 is connected to the rotating platform 120 and can be used to provide power to the rotating platform 120 to drive the rotating platform 120 to rotate.

[0023] The high-pressure air bottle 150 , connected to the launcher assembly 110 , can be used to provide power to the bullet through the compressed air in the high-pressure air bottle 150 .

[0024] The vacuum device 140 is connected to the launcher assembly 110 and is used to extract the air in the launcher assembly 110 after the bullet is fired, so that the bullet returns to the launch position in the launcher assembly 110.

[0025] It should be noted that the base 170 may be, but is not limited to, a vehicle, a support frame, etc., and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0026] In some embodiments, the shape of the bullet may be, but is not limited to, cylindrical, spindle-shaped, diamond-shaped, etc., and the present application does not impose any limitation on this.

[0027] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown in (a) and (b), the transmitter assembly 110 may further include an air chamber 111, a transmitter cavity 112, a dust collecting ring 113, a shock absorbing pad 114 and a support 115; wherein, Figure 2 (a) is a stereoscopic view of the transmitter assembly. Figure 2 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the transmitter assembly.

[0028] The air chamber 111 may be connected to the high-pressure air bottle 150 so that the pressure energy of the compressed air input from the high-pressure air bottle 150 to the air chamber 111 is converted into the kinetic energy of the bullet in the air chamber 111 .

[0029] Among them, the launcher cavity 112 can be used to provide movement space for the bullet.

[0030] In some embodiments, the material of the transmitter cavity 112 may be, but is not limited to, alloy steel, and this application does not impose any limitation on this.

[0031] It should be noted that in order to ensure the normal movement of the bullet, the inner wall of the launcher cavity can be smooth.

[0032] The dust collecting ring 113 is arranged at the launch port of the launcher cavity 112 and can be used to absorb dust, thereby preventing the dust generated by the bullet hitting the coal rock from entering the launcher cavity 112 .

[0033] The shock-absorbing pad 114 can be used to provide a shock-absorbing function when the bullet returns to the launching position in the launcher cavity 112, so as to protect the launcher cavity 112 from being damaged.

[0034] The support 115 can be used to fix the emitter cavity 112 on the rotating platform 120 .

[0035] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 1 is a perspective view of a rotating platform. The rotating platform 120 may include a bracket 121 , a gear 122 , a turntable 123 , a hydraulic column 124 and a base 125 .

[0036] The bracket 121 is disposed on the turntable 123 and connected to the support 115 in the transmitter assembly 110 , and can be used to support the transmitter assembly 110 .

[0037] In some embodiments, the support 121 can be connected to the launcher assembly 110 through a screw rod. Thus, the distance between the launcher assembly and the coal rock working surface can be controlled by the forward and backward movement of the screw rod.

[0038] The turntable 123 may be used to control the rotation of the transmitter assembly 110 through the bracket 121 .

[0039] The gear 122 is connected to the turntable 123 and can be used to transmit power to the turntable 123 to realize the rotation of the turntable 123 .

[0040] In the embodiments of the present application, the rotation angle of the turntable may range from 0° to 90°, 0° to 180°, etc., and the present application does not impose any limitation on this.

[0041] The hydraulic column 124 is disposed on the base 125 and connected to the turntable 123 , and can be used to adjust the vertical height of the launcher assembly 110 by extending and retracting the hydraulic column 124 .

[0042] In some embodiments, the hydraulic station 130 may be connected to the gear 122 to drive the gear 122 to rotate; the hydraulic station 130 may also be connected to the hydraulic column 124 to control the extension and retraction of the hydraulic column 124 .

[0043] In some embodiments, the source excitation device 100 may further include a control system.

[0044] The control system may be connected to the transmitter assembly 110 , and may be used to control the compressed air supplied from the high-pressure air bottle 150 to the transmitter assembly 110 .

[0045] In order to clearly illustrate how the control system controls the compressed air supplied from the high-pressure air bottle to the launcher assembly, in a possible implementation of an embodiment of the present application, when the launcher assembly includes an air chamber, when a bullet is fired at a steel plate, the gas pressure of the air chamber can be first monitored to obtain a first pressure; when the first pressure is less than the target pressure, the compressed air in the high-pressure air bottle can be input into the air chamber, and the gas pressure of the air chamber can be secondly monitored to obtain a second pressure; when the second pressure is not less than the target pressure, the input of compressed air in the high-pressure air bottle into the air chamber can be stopped.

[0046] In some embodiments, the control system can also be used to obtain a target pressure.

[0047] To clearly illustrate how the control system obtains the target pressure, in a possible implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the following steps may be used to determine the target pressure:

[0048] 1. Obtain the dominant frequency of seismic waves.

[0049] Among them, the dominant frequency of the seismic wave refers to the frequency corresponding to the maximum value in the spectrum.

[0050] It should be noted that seismic wave signals with high signal-to-noise ratios help to more accurately analyze the characteristics and laws of seismic waves. However, the main frequency of seismic waves is directly related to the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic wave signals, that is, the larger the main frequency of seismic waves, the higher the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic waves.

[0051] In the present application, the main frequency of the seismic wave can be obtained. For example, the main frequency of the seismic wave can be obtained according to the user's input.

[0052] 2. According to the main frequency of the seismic wave, query the bullet impact energy corresponding to the main frequency.

[0053] Among them, the bullet impact energy is the energy of the bullet impacting the coal rock mass.

[0054] As an example, the correspondence between the main frequency of the seismic wave and the bullet impact energy can be established in advance and stored, so that when the main frequency of the seismic wave is determined, the above correspondence can be queried to obtain the bullet impact energy corresponding to the main frequency of the seismic wave.

[0055] 3. Determine the target pressure based on the bullet impact energy, the diameter of the launcher cavity, the distance the bullet is to travel, and the efficiency of the launcher components.

[0056] As an example, assuming that the impact energy of the bullet is E, the diameter of the launcher cavity is D, the distance the bullet needs to travel is l, and the efficiency of the launcher assembly is η, the target pressure P can be determined according to the following formula: 目 :

[0057]

[0058] Thereby, the target pressure can be determined efficiently and accurately.

[0059] In some embodiments, the control system may also be connected to the vacuuming device 140 , and may be used to control the vacuuming device 140 to extract air from the emitter cavity 112 .

[0060] In some embodiments, the control system may also be connected to the hydraulic station 130 , and may be used to control the power provided by the hydraulic station 130 to the rotating platform 120 .

[0061] It should be noted that the waveform of the seismic wave excited by the bullet is related to the contour shape of the bullet. Therefore, in practical applications, the waveform of the seismic wave excited by the bullet can be controlled by changing the contour shape of the bullet. Therefore, in some embodiments, the control system can also be used to obtain the target shape of the bullet.

[0062] In order to clearly explain how the control system obtains the target shape of the bullet, as a possible implementation method, the following steps can be used to obtain the target shape of the bullet:

[0063] 1. Decompose the desired waveform required by the user to obtain multiple sub-waveforms.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present application, the expected waveform may be a composite waveform.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present application, the desired waveform required by the user can be obtained. For example, the desired waveform required by the user can be determined from pre-stored waveforms based on the user's selection.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present application, the composite waveform required by the user can be decomposed to obtain multiple sub-waveforms.

[0067] As an example, the composite waveform may be decomposed by using methods such as Fourier transform and bandpass filter array to obtain multiple sub-waveforms.

[0068] It should be noted that the above method for decomposing a composite waveform is merely exemplary. In practical applications, the composite waveform can be modified and segmented according to actual needs. This application does not limit the method for decomposing a composite waveform.

[0069] 2. For any sub-waveform, according to the sub-waveform, a pre-trained bullet shape prediction model is used to predict the bullet shape to obtain a predicted shape.

[0070] In an embodiment of the present application, the bullet shape prediction model may be a neural network model, and may be used to predict a corresponding shape based on an input waveform.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, for any sub-waveform, the sub-waveform is input into a pre-trained bullet shape prediction model to obtain a predicted shape corresponding to the sub-waveform.

[0072] 3. Based on the predicted shapes, determine the target shape of the bullet.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present application, the target shape of the bullet can be determined based on the predicted shapes.

[0074] As an example, the predicted shapes may be combined in a random combination manner to obtain the target shape of the bullet.

[0075] As another example, the target shape of the bullet may be obtained based on the user's arrangement and combination of the predicted shapes.

[0076] Thereby, the target shape of the bullet can be effectively obtained.

[0077] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the source excitation device 100 also includes an impact protection sub-device. The impact protection sub-device 400 may include a first mechanical arm 401, a telescopic device 402, a water tank 403, a water spray pipe 404, a water suction pump 405, a second mechanical arm 406 and a mobile device 407.

[0078] Among them, the first mechanical arm 401 is arranged on the telescopic device 402, and can be used to clamp the steel plate and adjust the angle of the steel plate.

[0079] It should be noted that the number of axes of the first robotic arm can be but is not limited to 3, 4, etc., and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0080] Among them, the telescopic device 402 is set on the mobile device 407 and can be used to adjust the vertical height of the steel plate.

[0081] The water tank 403 is used to store water.

[0082] The water spray pipe 404 is used to spray water onto the bullets.

[0083] The second robotic arm 406 is used to clamp the water spray pipe and can adjust the angle of the water spray pipe.

[0084] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the number of axes of the second robotic arm.

[0085] The water suction pump 405 is connected to the water spray pipe 404 and the water tank 403, and can be used to provide power to the water spray pipe during the water suction process of the water spray pipe.

[0086] The seismic source excitation device of the embodiment of the present application includes a transmitter assembly, a rotating table, a hydraulic station, a vacuum device, a high-pressure air bottle, a steel plate and a base, wherein the transmitter assembly is used to launch a bullet at the steel plate located in front of the bullet, so as to generate seismic waves through the impact of the bullet on the steel plate; wherein the transmitter assembly includes a bullet, and the steel plate is attached to the coal rock mass; the rotating table is arranged on the base, connected to the transmitter assembly, and used to control the rotation of the transmitter assembly to adjust the launch direction of the transmitter assembly; the hydraulic station is connected to the rotating table, and is used to provide power to the rotating table to drive the rotating table to rotate; the high-pressure air bottle is connected to the transmitter assembly, and is used to provide power to the bullet through the compressed air in the high-pressure air bottle; the vacuum device is connected to the transmitter assembly, and is used to extract the air in the transmitter assembly after the bullet is fired, so that the bullet returns to the launch position of the transmitter assembly. Thus, it is possible to provide kinetic energy to the bullet based on the gas pressure of the compressed air, so that the bullet completes the impact on the steel plate, and thus effectively obtain seismic waves.

[0087] In order to clearly illustrate the above embodiments of the present application, detailed description is given below with reference to examples.

[0088] As an example, the impact source equipment provided in the present application (referred to as a source excitation device in the present application) includes a pulsed emission assembly (referred to as a transmitter assembly in the present application), a spur gear drive rotary table (referred to as a rotary table in the present application), a hydraulic station, a vacuum pump, a high-pressure air bottle, a steel plate and a supporting vehicle (referred to as a base in the present application); wherein, the impact source equipment also includes a steel plate, which can be attached to the working surface of the coal rock mass.

[0089] The shock source equipment may also include a control system, which can be used to control the pulse emission assembly, the hydraulic station and the vacuum pumping equipment.

[0090] It should be noted that the control system can be an intelligent remote control system developed using a human-computer interaction interface and an intelligent microprocessor. Its control accuracy can reach 0.01Mpa. The touch control screen it uses can directly input the required pressure for use. At the same time, a manual operation button can be configured to give it a dual control function, and special processing can be used to eliminate electromagnetic interference signals.

[0091] 1. Pulse emission components:

[0092] The pulse-type launch assembly may include an air chamber, a launcher cavity, a dust suction ring, a shock-absorbing pad, a support and an impact bullet (referred to as a bullet in this application).

[0093] The air chamber may be connected to a high-pressure air bottle, and the pressure energy of the compressed air input from the high-pressure air bottle into the air chamber may be converted into the kinetic energy of the impact bomb in the air chamber.

[0094] It is understandable that, in the impact operation, the pressure energy of the compressed air can be converted into the ultra-high kinetic energy of the impact bomb in the air chamber to implement the impact on the steel plate, thereby generating seismic waves. In addition, since the pressure energy is positively correlated with the pressure when the force-bearing area of ​​the air chamber remains unchanged, that is, the greater the pressure, the greater the pressure energy. Therefore, in the present application, the gas pressure in the air chamber can be monitored and controlled to control the kinetic energy or energy of the impact bomb hitting the steel plate, thereby achieving control of the seismic waves.

[0095] In the present application, the amount of compressed air flowing from the high-pressure air bottle into the air chamber can be quantitatively controlled by the control system; in the impact operation, when it is necessary to launch an impact bullet at the steel plate, the control system can first monitor the gas pressure of the air chamber to obtain a first pressure; when the first pressure is less than the target pressure, the compressed air in the high-pressure air bottle can be input into the air chamber, and the gas pressure of the air chamber can be secondly monitored to obtain a second pressure; when the second pressure is not less than the target pressure, the compressed air in the high-pressure air bottle can be stopped from being input into the air chamber. Furthermore, when the pressure of the air chamber is the target pressure, the energy required for the bullet to hit the steel plate can be obtained.

[0096] It is understandable that when the pressure in the air chamber is greater than the first set threshold, the compressed air in the high-pressure air bottle can be stopped from being delivered to the air chamber, which can effectively avoid damage to the air chamber caused by excessive gas pressure in the air chamber; when the pressure in the air chamber is less than the second set threshold, compressed air can be added to the air chamber. It should be noted that the first set threshold and the second set threshold can be preset and can be set according to actual needs.

[0097] It is understandable that the target pressure may not be greater than the first set threshold.

[0098] Among them, the launcher cavity can be made of alloy steel, an impact bullet is installed inside the launcher cavity, and the inner wall of the cavity is smooth.

[0099] The impact bullet is located inside the launcher cavity and fits tightly against the inner wall of the launcher cavity. It should be noted that the impact bullet can be a single shape such as cylindrical, spindle-shaped, and diamond-shaped, or can also be a composite shape, which is not limited in this application.

[0100] It should be noted that the waveform of the seismic wave excited by the impact bomb is directly related to the contour shape of the impact bomb. Therefore, in practical applications, the waveform of the seismic wave excited by the impact bomb can be controlled by changing the contour shape of the impact bomb.

[0101] In order to obtain the target shape of the bullet, as a possible implementation method, the expected waveform required by the user can be decomposed to obtain multiple sub-waveforms; for any sub-waveform, a pre-trained bullet shape prediction model is used to predict the bullet shape according to the sub-waveform to obtain a predicted shape; based on each predicted shape, the target shape of the bullet is determined.

[0102] 2. Spur gear drive rotary table

[0103] The spur gear drive rotary table may include a bracket, a spur gear (referred to as a gear in this application), a turntable, a hydraulic column and a base.

[0104] The bracket is connected to the transmitter assembly and can be used to fix the transmitter assembly.

[0105] Optionally, the bracket may be connected to the launcher assembly via a screw rod, and the distance between the launcher assembly and the impact area (or the working surface of the coal and rock mass) may be controlled by moving the screw rod forward and backward.

[0106] Among them, the turntable is connected to the ruler gear and the hydraulic column. The hydraulic station can provide driving force for the ruler gear to realize 360° rotation of the launcher assembly; the hydraulic column can be adjusted in length through the hydraulic station to control the vertical height between the launcher assembly and the ground; the base can be connected to the bottom plate of the vehicle and the hydraulic column through screws to fix the turntable.

[0107] 3. Hydraulic station

[0108] The hydraulic station is connected to the spur gear drive rotary table and can be used to provide power for the spur gear drive rotary table. In addition, the surface of the oil circuit integrated block of the hydraulic station can be nickel-plated and can be fixed to the matching car box bottom plate by screws.

[0109] 4. High-pressure air bottle

[0110] The high-pressure air bottle is connected to the air chamber in the launcher assembly and can be used to provide power to the impact bullet through the compressed air in the high-pressure air bottle.

[0111] 5. Vacuum equipment

[0112] The vacuum device is connected to the launcher assembly and can be used to extract the air in the launcher assembly after the impact bomb is launched, so that the impact bomb returns to the launch position of the launcher assembly under the action of atmospheric pressure.

[0113] 6. Vehicle allocation

[0114] The truck can be used to load and fix the pulse emission components, spur gear drive rotary table, hydraulic station, high-pressure air bottle and vacuum equipment. It should be noted that different models can be selected in different work sites.

[0115] Optionally, the impact source equipment may also include an impact protection device (referred to as an impact protection sub-device in this application). The impact protection device may include a retractable device (referred to as a retractable device in this application), a first three-axis robotic arm (referred to as a first robotic arm in this application), a water tank, a water spray pipe, a water suction pump, a second three-axis robotic arm (referred to as a second robotic arm in this application), and a small rubber-wheeled vehicle (referred to as a mobile device in this application). The retractable device may be used to adjust the vertical height of the steel plate; the first three-axis robotic arm may be used to adjust the angle of the steel plate; the water tank may be used to store clean water; the water spray pipe may be used to spray water onto the impact bomb; the water suction pump may be used to provide power during the water suction process of the water spray pipe; the second three-axis robotic arm may be used to adjust the angle of the water spray pipe; and the small rubber-wheeled vehicle may be used to transport the entire impact protection device for easy movement.

[0116] The specific operation process of the impact source equipment can be divided into the following processes:

[0117] 1. Control process of spur gear drive rotary table

[0118] The vehicle transports the entire impact source equipment to the impact operation point where the impact operation needs to be performed. Control the spur gear to drive the spur drive rotary table to rotate and rotate the launcher assembly to the required angle; adjust the telescopic length of the hydraulic column to make the height of the launcher assembly and the impact area at the same height level; adjust the bracket through the screw rod to control the distance between the launcher assembly and the impact area; thus, adjust the launcher assembly to the accurate launch position by adjusting the spur gear, hydraulic column and bracket in the spur drive rotary table.

[0119] 2. Control process of bullet impact energy and main frequency of seismic waves

[0120] When using impact source equipment to detect coal and rock mass structures, if the impact energy of the impact bullet is too large, it may cause impact damage to the coal and rock mass in the coal mine. If it is too small, it may cause insufficient excitation energy, causing the detectors arranged on one side of the tunnel to be insufficient to stably receive the seismic waves excited by the impact source, resulting in insufficient detection accuracy. Therefore, when the source impacts the coal and rock mass, it is necessary to select appropriate compressed air to fill the air chamber so that the coal and rock mass will not be excessively damaged during the impact operation, and the impact energy is maximized to improve the inversion accuracy.

[0121] Before the impact bullet impacts the coal and rock mass, at the launch position of the launcher cavity, the velocity, displacement and acceleration of the impact bullet are all 0. Subsequently, a certain amount of compressed air is filled into the air chamber from the high-pressure air bottle, and the impact button is activated. Under the action of the compressed air, the impact bullet impacts the coal and rock mass to generate seismic waves.

[0122] Among them, the calculation formula of the impact energy E of the impact bullet is as follows:

[0123] E=pπd 2 ηl / 4; (2)

[0124] Among them, p is the gas pressure in the air chamber; d is the diameter of the launcher cavity; l is the distance the impact bullet moves during the impact process; η is the efficiency of the launcher assembly.

[0125] From the above formula, it can be seen that the impact energy of the impact bullet is related to the gas pressure, the diameter of the launcher cavity and the moving distance of the impact bullet. Therefore, the purpose of controlling the energy of the impact bullet impacting the coal and rock mass can be achieved by adjusting the gas pressure of the gas chamber, the diameter of the launcher cavity, and the distance between the launcher and the impact area.

[0126] At the same time, the energy of the impact bomb impacting the coal rock mass affects the main frequency of the seismic wave, which is directly related to the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic wave signal, that is, the larger the main frequency, the higher the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic wave, and the higher the inversion accuracy. In other words, a seismic wave signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio helps to more accurately analyze the characteristics and laws of the seismic wave. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the gas pressure in the gas chamber to control the amplitude and main frequency of the seismic wave, thereby achieving the purpose of enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic wave.

[0127] Ultimately, without excessively damaging the coal and rock mass, the gas pressure in the air chamber can be adjusted to control the impact energy of the impact bullet and the main frequency of the seismic wave, so as to achieve the purpose of optimal inversion detection of the coal and rock mass structure.

[0128] 3. Control process of exciting seismic wave waveform

[0129] It should be noted that the waveform of the seismic wave excited by the impact bomb is related to the contour shape of the impact bomb. Therefore, the waveform of the seismic wave excited by the impact bomb can be controlled by changing the contour shape of the impact bomb.

[0130] In order to obtain the target shape of the bullet, as a possible implementation method, the expected waveform required by the user can be decomposed to obtain multiple sub-waveforms; for any sub-waveform, a pre-trained bullet shape prediction model is used to predict the bullet shape according to the sub-waveform to obtain a predicted shape; based on each predicted shape, the target shape of the bullet is determined.

[0131] 4. Control process of impact protection device

[0132] The control process of the impact protection device includes: adjusting the height of the steel plate through the retractable device so that the steel plate and the launcher assembly are at the same height; adjusting the first three-axis mechanical arm that clamps the steel plate and adjusts the angle of the steel plate so that the impact surface of the impact bomb can completely impact the steel plate; adjusting the second three-axis mechanical arm that clamps the water spray pipe so that the water spray pipe can flush the impact bomb, which can reduce the temperature of the impact bomb on the one hand and remove dust around the impact bomb on the other hand; by adjusting the pressure of the water suction pump, the water spray flow rate of the water spray pipe can be controlled. Therefore, through the adjustment of the above components, the coal and rock mass in the impact area can be protected, the impact bomb can be cooled, and the dust in the environment around the impact bomb can be effectively eliminated.

[0133] 5. Impact and recovery control process of impact bomb

[0134] The required amount of high-pressure air is injected into the air chamber through the high-pressure air bottle, and the position of the steel plate is adjusted through the impact protection device. The gas in the air chamber is controlled to be input into the launcher cavity, so that the impact bomb quickly impacts the steel plate under the action of compressed air, generating seismic waves. This process is the impact control process of the impact bomb.

[0135] After the impact bullet impacts the steel plate, the impact protection device can be used to spray the impact bullet; then, the vacuum equipment is used to extract the remaining high-pressure gas in the launcher cavity, so that the launcher cavity gradually approaches a vacuum. Under the action of atmospheric pressure, the impact bullet moves and returns to the launching position. This process is the recovery control process of the impact bullet.

[0136] Finally, the mobile vehicle can be used to transport the impact source equipment to the next impact point, and the impact operation can be performed again according to the above steps.

[0137] Therefore, the impact source equipment of the present application can use the power source provided by high-pressure gas to make the bullet impact the steel plate, thereby generating seismic waves, and then use seismic exploration methods to detect the geological structure of the coal mine.

[0138] In summary, the impact source equipment of the present application can achieve controllable output of seismic wave energy and waveform by controlling the air pressure in the transmitter assembly; it can also control the vertical height and emission angle of the transmitter assembly through a straight-tooth drive rotating table, thereby achieving 360° multi-directional repeated stable excitation and efficient operation on the horizontal plane of the source; it can also protect the coal and rock mass in the impact area through an impact protection device, and can cool the impact bomb, effectively eliminating dust in the environment around the impact bomb.

[0139] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0140] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0141] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a custom logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by technicians in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present invention belong.

[0142] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute the instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purpose of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing in other suitable ways if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0143] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0144] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0145] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0146] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. A person of ordinary skill in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seismic source excitation device, characterized in that: The device comprises a launcher assembly, a rotating platform, a hydraulic station, a vacuum pump, a high-pressure air bottle, a steel plate and a base, wherein: The launcher assembly is used to launch a bullet toward a steel plate located in front of the bullet, so as to generate seismic waves through the impact of the bullet on the steel plate; wherein the launcher assembly includes the bullet, and the steel plate is attached to the coal rock mass; The rotating platform is arranged on the base, connected to the transmitter assembly, and used to control the rotation of the transmitter assembly to adjust the emission direction of the transmitter assembly; The hydraulic station is connected to the rotating table and is used to provide power to the rotating table to drive the rotating table to rotate; The high-pressure air bottle is connected to the launcher assembly and is used to provide power to the bullet through the compressed air in the high-pressure air bottle; The vacuum device is connected to the launcher assembly and is used to extract the air in the launcher assembly after the bullet is fired, so that the bullet returns to the launch position of the launcher assembly; The device further includes an impact protection sub-device; the impact protection sub-device includes a first mechanical arm, a telescopic device, a water tank, a water spray pipe, a water suction pump, a second mechanical arm and a mobile device, wherein: The first mechanical arm is arranged on the telescopic device, and is used to clamp the steel plate and adjust the angle of the steel plate; The telescopic device is arranged on the mobile device and is used to adjust the vertical height of the steel plate; The water tank is used to store water; The water spray pipe is used to implement water spraying operations; The second mechanical arm is used to clamp the water spray pipe and adjust the angle of the water spray pipe; The water suction pump is connected to the water spray pipe and the water tank, and is used for providing power to the water spray pipe during the water suction process of the water spray pipe.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The transmitter assembly also includes an air chamber, a transmitter cavity, a dust collection ring, a shock-absorbing pad and a support, wherein: The air chamber is connected to the high-pressure air bottle so as to convert the pressure energy of the compressed air input from the high-pressure air bottle into the kinetic energy of the bullet in the air chamber; The launcher cavity is used to provide a moving space for the bullet; The dust collecting ring is arranged at the emission port of the emitter cavity and is used for absorbing dust; The shock-absorbing pad is used to provide a shock-absorbing function when the bullet returns to the launching position, so as to protect the launcher cavity from damage; The support is used to fix the emitter cavity on the rotating platform.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The rotating platform comprises a bracket, a gear, a turntable, a hydraulic column and a base, wherein: The bracket is arranged on the turntable and connected to the support in the transmitter assembly, and is used to support the transmitter assembly; The turntable is used to control the rotation of the launcher assembly through the bracket; The gear is connected to the turntable and is used to transmit power to the turntable to realize the rotation of the turntable; The hydraulic column is arranged on the base and connected to the turntable, and is used to adjust the vertical height of the launcher assembly by extending and retracting the hydraulic column.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that The hydraulic station is connected to the gear to drive the gear to rotate; The hydraulic station is also connected to the hydraulic column to control the extension and retraction of the hydraulic column.

5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The device also includes a control system; wherein, The control system is connected to the transmitter assembly and is used to control the compressed air supplied from the high-pressure air bottle to the transmitter assembly; The control system is also connected to the vacuum pumping device, and is used to control the vacuum pumping device to extract air from the emitter cavity; The control system is also connected to the hydraulic station and is used to control the power provided by the hydraulic station to the rotating platform.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The controlling of the compressed air supplied from the high-pressure air bottle to the transmitter assembly comprises: In response to firing a bullet at the steel plate, first monitoring the gas pressure of the gas chamber to obtain a first pressure; In response to the first pressure being less than the target pressure, the compressed air in the high-pressure air bottle is input into the air chamber, and the gas pressure of the air chamber is secondly monitored to obtain a second pressure; In response to the second pressure not being less than the target pressure, the supply of compressed air from the high-pressure air bottle to the air chamber is stopped.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that The control system is also used to obtain the target pressure; The acquisition of the target pressure includes: Obtaining the main frequency of the seismic wave; According to the main frequency of the seismic wave, querying the bullet impact energy corresponding to the main frequency; The target pressure is determined based on the bullet impact energy, the diameter of the launcher cavity, the distance the bullet is to travel, and the efficiency of the launcher assembly.

8. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The control system is also used to obtain the target shape of the bullet; The acquisition of the target shape of the bullet includes: Decomposing the desired waveform required by the user to obtain multiple sub-waveforms; For any of the sub-waveforms, according to the sub-waveform, a bullet shape prediction model trained in advance is used to predict the bullet shape to obtain a predicted shape; Based on each of the predicted shapes, a target shape of the bullet is determined.

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