Construction feature analysis method based on combination of probing and simulation

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on the combination of detection and simulation's structural feature analysis method, belongs to fault structural feature analysis field, comprising the following steps: first, by combining early part drilling and known data to predict possible results, and establish numerical model for each possibility to carry out electrical method analysis, obtain apparent resistivity spatial distribution model by analysis calculation;Then, the actual apparent resistivity spatial distribution model is obtained by carrying out electrical measurement in the field;The result figure obtained by numerical simulation is compared with the actual result, and is corrected, to determine more accurate geological structure.The application adopts the above-mentioned structural feature analysis method based on the combination of detection and simulation, realizes the combination of detection and simulation, based on the result of numerical analysis is constantly corrected, so as to obtain exact fault structural feature.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fault structure feature analysis, in particular to a structure feature analysis method based on combination of detection and simulation. BACKGROUND

[0002] The coal seams of the mine in China generally face the problem of complex geological conditions, and the coal seams developed in the mining have different sizes and different properties of geological structures such as faults, which bring great safety hazards to the safe mining of underground mines. For example, in the process of roadway driving, the mining head often encounters adverse geological bodies such as faults, if the fault passes through the water-bearing zone, it is extremely easy to become a water-conducting channel, especially with the increase of the mining depth, the original ground stress balance is destroyed, on the other hand, the geological data of the deep region is relatively scarce, if the geological conditions of the driving head are not understood, once the fault is encountered, accidents are easy to occur, not only affecting the normal mining, but also causing economic losses and casualties. Therefore, it is of important theoretical significance and practical value to develop an effective and practical analysis method for detecting the fault structure in the unknown area. At present, the most commonly used detection method is geophysical prospecting, although it has the advantages of rapid, non-destructive detection, etc., but the detection conclusion has certain multi-solution and uncertainty. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a structure feature analysis method based on combination of detection and simulation, realizes the combination of detection and simulation, continuously corrects based on the results of numerical analysis, so as to obtain the exact fault structure feature.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a structure feature analysis method based on combination of detection and simulation, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step one, before detecting the fault, collect the known geological data and data of the fault area, understand the geological conditions of the fault area;

[0006] Step two, determine the known and unknown variables that have an impact on the fault position, predict the possible situation of the fault, establish the corresponding numerical simulation, obtain the result through analysis and calculation, and clarify the influence of each variable on the apparent resistivity;

[0007] Step three, carry out the electrical prospecting in the field of the fault area, analyze and exclude the influence of the interference material in the fault area on the result, complete the actual monitoring of the fault structure feature in the area, and obtain the actual result;

[0008] Step four, the numerical simulation results and field detection results are compared and analyzed by using digital image technology, the numerical model is adjusted through the changes of various characteristics of the fault zone, the matching with the field detection data is completed, the change of the field detection data interpretation from experience-based to simulation data pre-performance is realized, so as to determine the characteristics of the fault;

[0009] Step five, the digital simulation results are applied, the actual geological conditions are simulated, the mining process of the ore body is simulated, and the actual detection results are compared to verify the influence of the mining process on the fault structure zone.

[0010] Preferably, in step one, the collected geological data and data of the fault area include drilling information, exposed fault structure distribution characteristics and resistivity background value.

[0011] Preferably, in step two, the known and unknown variables that have an impact on the position of the fault include the position of the fault, the dip angle, the lithology, the drop, the temperature, the pressure, the water content, and the filling zone characteristic factors, on the basis of which the possible situation of the fault is predicted, a number of assumptions are made, and numerical simulation is carried out for each assumption, the measuring line is arranged at the same position, and the apparent resistivity spatial distribution model is obtained by analysis and calculation.

[0012] Preferably, in step three, before field detection, first analyze all interference materials in the fault area, including whether there are high-voltage equipment, high-voltage lines, water content, and fracture distribution problems near the fault area, and determine the influence of the interference materials on the detection results, that is, consider the influence of each factor on the apparent resistivity.

[0013] Preferably, the field detection method adopts the three-dimensional high-density resistivity method in the resistivity method, the field detection device adopts the Wenner device with four-pole arrangement, the electrical difference between underground media is utilized, the current I is supplied to the underground through the power supply electrodes A and B, then the potential difference ΔV is measured between the M and N poles, and the value of is determined, so that the apparent resistivity value between M and N can be obtained, and the calculation formula of the apparent resistivity is as follows:

[0014]

[0015] Preferably, for the measured data, first, the measurement point coordinates and data format are converted, second, the influence of random interference is eliminated by using the distortion point elimination method, then the initial model is constructed by using software, and the required apparent resistivity value is obtained by repeatedly iterating using the circular smooth constraint least square inversion theory, finally, the measured apparent resistivity spatial distribution model of the fault area is obtained by mapping.

[0016] Preferably, in step four, the numerical simulation results and the field detection results are compared and analyzed by using software such as MATLAB in digital image technology, and the specific steps include: firstly, the digital image is pre-processed and adjusted, the image is segmented into different regions according to the pixel intensity value, and the specific features are extracted and compared; then, the comparison and analysis are carried out through intuitive comparison, quantitative analysis (the similarity of two images is quantitatively evaluated by calculating image similarity indexes such as mean square error (MSE) and structural similarity (SSIM) index) and difference significance analysis (difference image is applied to visualize and locate the difference area); then, the detection results are corrected according to the difference, and in the correction process, the exact value of the variable is determined through the drilling data, for the uncertain variable, the influence of the change of each variable on the apparent resistivity is mastered through numerical simulation, the data closest to the field detection results are obtained by continuously changing the variable value, and then the existence of the fault is determined, the matching with the field detection data is realized, and the change from experience-based to simulation data pre-play for the field detection data interpretation is completed.

[0017] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present application combines the possible results predicted by the early part of drilling and known data, establishes a numerical model for each possibility for electrical analysis, obtains the apparent resistivity spatial distribution model through analysis and calculation, then measures the electrical method in the field to obtain the actual apparent resistivity spatial distribution model, compares and analyzes the results obtained by numerical simulation with the actual results, and corrects them, so as to determine more accurate geological structure; based on this method, the combination of numerical simulation and field conditions is realized, and accurate and foresighted information is provided for the detection of unknown structure characteristics.

[0019] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The method principle diagram of the structure characteristic analysis method embodiment of the present application based on the combination of detection and simulation is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the embodiments of the present application, and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the present application. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout.

[0022] It is to be understood that the terms "including", "comprising", "having" and their conjugates mean "including but not limited to", e.g. a process, method, object, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those specifically listed and can include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, object, or apparatus.

[0023] Similar reference numerals and letters in the various figures indicate similar items, and thus further definition thereof can not be repeated in the following description.

[0024] In the description of the application, it should be explained that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed, which is only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application.

[0025] In the description of the application, it should be further explained that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "arrangement", "installation", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] As shown in Figure 1 The method for analyzing the structural features based on the combination of detection and simulation comprises the following steps:

[0027] Step one, before detecting the fault, collect the known geological data and information of the fault area, and understand the geological conditions of the fault area through the known geological data and information of the area.

[0028] Collect the geological data of the area, such as the partial drilling results and the known partial geological conditions of the area, and the specific content includes the collection of drilling information, the revealed structural distribution characteristics, and the background value of the resistivity data.

[0029] Step two, determine the known and unknown variables that have an impact on the fault position, predict the possible situation of the fault, establish the corresponding numerical simulation, obtain the result through analysis and calculation, and clarify the influence of each variable on the apparent resistivity.

[0030] All known and unknown variables that have an impact on the fault, including fault location, dip angle, lithology, throw, temperature, pressure, water content, filling zone characteristics and other factors. Then predict the possible situation of the fault, make a variety of assumptions and numerical simulation of these assumptions, layout the measuring line in the same position, and analyze the calculated apparent resistivity spatial distribution model.

[0031] In this embodiment, in the area where there is a fault that needs to be detected, through field investigation and data collection and arrangement, the variables that have an impact on the existence of all faults are accurately controlled, and the possible specific situation of the fault is predicted. COMSOL Multiphysics software is used to numerically simulate each possibility of the fault, and the apparent resistivity spatial distribution model is obtained according to the simulation calculation.

[0032] Step three, carry out field electrical exploration in the fault area, analyze and exclude the influence of the interference on the results, complete the actual monitoring of the fault structure characteristics in the area, and get the actual results.

[0033] Before field detection, first analyze the interference, including whether there are high-voltage equipment, high-voltage lines, water content, and fracture distribution near the area. Make clear their influence on the detection results, and facilitate the subsequent correction of the data. (If there is high-voltage equipment, the apparent resistivity will be larger, if there are fractures, the resistivity value will be larger than the original situation, and if there is water, the value will be smaller.)

[0034] The detection method uses three-dimensional high-density resistivity method in resistivity method, and the device uses Wenner device (α device) with four-pole arrangement. The principle of high-density resistivity method is the same as that of conventional resistivity method. It uses the electrical difference between underground media, supplies current I to the underground through power supply electrodes A and B, measures potential difference ΔV between M and N, and determines The value, so that the apparent resistivity value between M and N can be obtained, and the calculation formula of apparent resistivity is as follows:

[0035]

[0036] For the measured data, first, the coordinate and data format conversion is carried out, secondly, the influence of random interference is eliminated by using the distortion point elimination method, then the initial model is constructed by using the software, and the circular smooth constraint least square inversion theory is used to obtain the required apparent resistivity value after repeated iteration, finally the apparent resistivity spatial distribution model of the fault area is obtained by mapping.

[0037] In this embodiment, the four-electrode array Wenner device, the electrode array satisfies AM=MN=NB=n (the meaning of n is represented). According to the working area topography, geomorphological conditions and working task needs, the suitable high-density resistivity measuring line number, total measuring point number and total measuring line length are selected. The electrodes are arranged on the measuring points at a certain interval, are connected with the host computer through the high-density cable, are automatically run by the host computer control, are observed, and the observation results are displayed in real time. In order to obtain the final results which can be used for geological interpretation and truly reflect the stratum characteristics and features, a series of digital processing such as eliminating interference and observation system parameter influence is carried out. The professional inversion software is used for data processing to invert the measured apparent resistivity, and form the final apparent resistivity spatial distribution model and profile.

[0038] Step four, using MATLAB and other software to compare and analyze the numerical simulation results and the field detection results by digital image technology, the specific steps include: first, pre-processing and registration adjustment of the digital image, according to the pixel intensity value, the image is divided into different regions, and the specific features are extracted and compared. Then, through intuitive comparison, quantitative analysis (through calculating the image similarity index, such as mean square error (MSE), structure similarity (SSIM) index, and quantitatively evaluating the similarity of two images) and difference significance analysis (applying difference image to visualize and locate the difference area), the comparison and analysis are carried out, and then the detection results are corrected according to the difference. In the correction process, the exact values of some variables are determined through the drilling data, such as water content and dip angle; for uncertain variables, the specific influence of each variable change on the apparent resistivity is mastered through numerical simulation, and the data closest to the field detection results are obtained by continuously changing the variable values, so that the specific situation of the fault is determined. Through the change of each feature of the fault zone, the numerical model is adjusted to realize accurate matching with the field detection data, complete the interpretation of the field detection data from experience-based to simulation data pre-play, and improve the quantification and accuracy of the interpreted data.

[0039] Step five, applying the digital simulation results, combining with the actual geological conditions to simulate the mining process of the ore body, comparing with the actual detection results, and verifying the influence of the mining process on the fault structure zone.

[0040] Therefore, the structural feature analysis method based on the combination of detection and simulation is adopted, the combination of detection and simulation is realized, the results of numerical analysis are continuously corrected, and the exact fault structural features can be obtained.

[0041] It should be pointed out finally that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application but not to limit it, and although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present application can still be modified or replaced equivalently, and these modifications or equivalent replacements should not make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A structural feature analysis method based on the combination of detection and simulation, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Before detecting the fault, collect known geological information and data of the fault area to understand the geological conditions of the fault area; Step 2: Determine the known and unknown variables that affect the fault location, predict the possible fault conditions, establish corresponding numerical simulations, obtain results through analytical calculations, and clarify the impact of each variable on apparent resistivity; Step 3: Conduct on-site electrical exploration in the fault area, analyze and eliminate the possible impact of interference in the fault area on the results, complete the actual monitoring of the fault structural characteristics in the area, and obtain actual results; Step 4: Use digital imaging technology to compare and analyze the numerical simulation results with the field detection results. Based on the changes in the various characteristics of the fault zone, adjust the numerical model to match it with the field detection data, and achieve a shift in the interpretation of field detection data from being mainly based on experience to the preview of simulation data, thereby determining the characteristics of the fault. Step five: Apply the digital simulation results and actual geological conditions to simulate the ore mining process, compare them with the actual detection results, and verify the impact of the mining process on the fault structure zone.

2. The structural feature analysis method based on the combination of detection and simulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 1, the geological information and data collected in the fault area include drilling information, revealed fault structure distribution characteristics and resistivity background values.

3. The structural feature analysis method based on the combination of detection and simulation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step 2, the known and unknown variables that affect the fault location include fault location, dip, lithology, drop, temperature, pressure, water content, and filling zone characteristics. On this basis, the possible conditions of the fault are predicted, several assumptions are made, and numerical simulations are performed on these assumptions one by one. Survey lines are arranged at the same location, and the spatial distribution model of apparent resistivity is obtained through analysis and calculation.

4. The structural feature analysis method based on the combination of detection and simulation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step three, before field detection, all interference objects in the fault area are first analyzed, including whether there are high-voltage equipment, high-voltage lines, water content, and crack distribution problems nearby, and the impact of interference objects on the detection results is clarified.

5. The structural feature analysis method based on the combination of detection and simulation according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The field detection method adopts the three-dimensional high-density resistivity method in the resistivity method. The field detection device adopts a four-pole arrangement Wenner device. By utilizing the electrical difference between underground media, the current I is supplied to the underground through the power supply electrodes A and B, and then the potential difference ΔV is measured between the M and N electrodes to determine The value of , thus the apparent resistivity value between M and N can be obtained. The calculation formula of apparent resistivity is as follows:

6. The structural feature analysis method based on the combination of detection and simulation according to claim 5 is characterized in that: For the measured data, the coordinates of the measuring points and the data format are first converted. Then, the distortion point elimination method is used to eliminate the influence of random interference. Then, the initial model is constructed using software, and the smooth constrained least squares inversion theory is used. After repeated iterations, the apparent resistivity value that meets the requirements is obtained. Finally, a map is drawn to obtain the spatial distribution model of the measured apparent resistivity in the fault area.

7. The structural feature analysis method based on the combination of detection and simulation according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step four, digital image technology is used to compare and analyze the numerical simulation results and the field detection results, and the detection results are corrected. During the correction process, the exact values ​​of the variables are determined through drilling data. For uncertain variables, numerical simulation is used to understand the impact of the change of each variable on the apparent resistivity. By continuously changing the values ​​of these variables, data closest to the field detection results are obtained, and then the existence of faults is determined, which is matched with the field detection data, completing the transformation of the interpretation of field detection data from experience-based to simulation data preview.

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