An apparatus and method for preparing artificial soil based on the addition of coal gangue raw materials.

Abstract

This invention relates to the technical field of coal gangue processing equipment, specifically to an artificial soil preparation device and method based on the addition of coal gangue raw materials. The device includes a housing and a feed hopper mounted on the housing, as well as a crushing assembly, a screening assembly, and multiple receiving assemblies mounted on the housing. The crushing assembly includes multiple partitions fixedly connected within the housing, dividing the housing into multiple crushing spaces from left to right. Each partition contains multiple crushing rollers, with the cross-sectional radius of the rollers gradually increasing from left to right. When larger-sized coal gangue particles reach the required proportion, they move and, via a transmission mechanism, drive the feed hopper on the housing to move the coal gangue raw material into the next-sized crushing space for further crushing, preventing the generation of coal gangue particles of the previous size. This process continues until all sizes of coal gangue raw materials reach the required proportion. At this point, the transmission mechanism drives the feed hopper back to its initial state for repeated proportioning operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal gangue processing equipment technology, specifically to an artificial soil preparation device and method based on the addition of coal gangue raw materials. Background Technology

[0002] Coal gangue is ancient soil mixed in during the coal formation process. It is a secondary mineral formed by coal under high temperature and pressure during the long coal formation period. By adding microbial activating agents to coal gangue, it can be rapidly decomposed, and the useful mineral elements in the coal gangue can be fully activated and decomposed. This can revitalize the nutrient reservoir in the coal gangue, effectively release the useful trace elements contained in the coal gangue, and make them easily absorbed by plant growth, thus forming artificial soil. At present, the technology and related applications of coal gangue artificial soil utilization are becoming increasingly mature.

[0003] Currently, when preparing artificial soil from coal gangue, it is necessary to mix coal gangue particles of different sizes in a specific ratio, and the coal gangue crushing device can limit the particle size during crushing to achieve the above requirements. However, the shortcomings of the existing technology are that the coal gangue crushing device will produce some particles smaller than the required size during crushing. Depending on the different particle size ratios, further fine mixing is required, which is cumbersome, labor-intensive, and prone to errors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an artificial soil preparation device and method based on the addition of coal gangue raw materials, so as to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an artificial soil preparation device based on the addition of coal gangue raw materials, comprising a box and a feeding hopper disposed on the box, and further comprising a crushing component, a screening component, and multiple receiving components disposed on the box; the crushing component comprises multiple partitions fixedly connected in the box, the multiple partitions dividing the box into multiple crushing spaces from left to right; each partition is provided with multiple crushing rollers, and the cross-sectional radius of the multiple crushing rollers gradually increases from left to right; during crushing, coal gangue particles are sorted by the screening component and enter the corresponding receiving components for storage; when the receiving components move, the feeding hopper is driven by a transmission mechanism to move to the next crushing space to crush coal gangue raw materials of different specifications, so that the remaining specifications of coal gangue particles reach the required proportion for mixing.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0007] The screening assembly includes multiple filter plates fixedly connected in the housing, with the pore size of the multiple filter plates decreasing sequentially from top to bottom; the housing is also provided with a guide plate, and a through groove is opened on the housing, with a guide bucket connected to the through groove.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0009] The receiving assembly includes a fixed base fixedly connected to the box body, and a weighing frame is provided in the fixed base; both sides of the fixed base are provided with transverse grooves, and a first toothed plate is provided in the transverse grooves; both sides of the weighing frame are fixedly connected with crossbars, and the crossbars are slidably connected in the transverse grooves; a first gear is provided on the crossbars, and the first gear meshes with the first toothed plate during its movement; the fixed base is also provided with a drive unit for driving the weighing frame to move.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0011] The drive unit includes an electric telescopic rod fixedly connected to a fixed base; one end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a mounting frame, and the mounting frame is rotatably connected to the outer surface of two crossbars.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0013] The transmission mechanism includes a passive rotating rod and multiple active rotating rods mounted on the housing. The multiple active rotating rods are connected to the passive rotating rod via belts. Each of the multiple active rotating rods is equipped with a second gear, and each of the multiple mounting frames is equipped with a second toothed plate. During the stroke of the multiple second toothed plates, they mesh with the corresponding second gears.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0015] The passive rotating rod is connected to the feed hopper via a gear set, and each of the multiple fixed seats is equipped with a limiting unit to guide the second toothed plate.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0017] The gear set includes a third gear fixedly connected to the driven rotating rod, and a third toothed plate is provided on the feed hopper, with the third gear meshing with the third toothed plate.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0019] The limiting unit includes a limiting groove formed on the fixed base; a limiting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second toothed plate, the limiting rod is slidably connected in the limiting groove, and an elastic lever is also provided on the fixed base.

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0021] The container is also equipped with a dispensing assembly, which includes a conveying pipe fixedly connected to the container; the conveying pipe is connected to a plurality of receiving hoppers, and the plurality of receiving hoppers are connected to corresponding fixed seats.

[0022] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0023] A method for preparing artificial soil based on the addition of coal gangue raw materials, as described above, using the aforementioned artificial soil preparation device based on the addition of coal gangue raw materials, specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] S1: Coal gangue is fed into the crushing space in the box through the feed hopper, and is crushed into coal gangue particles of different sizes through the crushing components.

[0025] S2: The crushed coal gangue particles are dispersed into different receiving components by the screening component for collection. When the collection amount of coal gangue particles of a certain size is reached, the feed hopper is triggered by the transmission mechanism to move to the next crushing space for crushing.

[0026] S3: When all receiving components have reached the collection capacity, the feed hopper is driven back to its initial position by the transmission mechanism.

[0027] In the above technical solution, the artificial soil preparation device and method based on the addition of coal gangue raw materials provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0028] This invention utilizes the coordinated arrangement of a housing, a feeding hopper, a crushing component, a screening component, a receiving component, and a transmission mechanism. The feeding hopper guides coal gangue raw materials into the crushing space within the housing for crushing, generating small-sized coal gangue particles. The screening component sorts these particles and guides them to the corresponding receiving component for unified collection. When larger-sized coal gangue particles reach the required proportion, the transmission mechanism drives the feeding hopper on the housing to move the raw materials into the next-sized crushing space, preventing the generation of the previous-sized particles. This process continues until all sizes of coal gangue raw materials reach the required proportion. At this point, the transmission mechanism resets the feeding hopper to its initial state for repeated proportioning operations. This effectively increases the coal gangue raw material addition rate and is simple and convenient to operate.

[0029] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and illustrative only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0030] This application provides an overview of various implementations or examples of the technology described in this disclosure, and is not a full disclosure of the entire scope or all features of the disclosed technology. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 Another perspective view of the overall structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the overall structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a longitudinal section diagram of a partial structure of the box provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the material receiving assembly structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the limiting unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0040] 1. Housing; 11. Feed hopper; 21. Baffle plate; 22. Crushing space; 23. Crushing roller; 31. Filter plate; 32. Guide plate; 33. Through groove; 34. Guide hopper; 41. Fixed seat; 42. Weighing frame; 43. Horizontal groove; 44. First toothed plate; 45. Cross bar; 46. First gear; 51. Electric telescopic rod; 52. Mounting frame; 61. Passive rotating rod; 62. Active rotating rod; 63. Belt; 64. Second gear; 65. Second toothed plate; 71. Third gear; 72. Third toothed plate; 81. Limiting groove; 82. Limiting rod; 83. Elastic lever; 91. Conveying pipe; 92. Receiving hopper. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0042] Please see Figure 1-7 This embodiment provides an artificial soil preparation device based on the addition of coal gangue raw materials, including a box body 1 and a feeding hopper 11 disposed on the box body 1. The feeding hopper 11 is located at the top of the box body 1, and the coal gangue raw materials are added into the box body 1 through the feeding hopper 11 for processing. It also includes a crushing component, a screening component, and multiple receiving components disposed on the box body 1. The crushing component includes multiple partitions 21 fixedly connected in the box body 1, as shown in the attached specification. Figure 4 For reference, multiple partitions 21 divide the housing 1 into multiple crushing spaces 22 from left to right; multiple crushing rollers 23 are installed through each partition 21, and the cross-sectional radius of the multiple crushing rollers 23 gradually decreases from left to right. The crushing rollers 23 in the multiple crushing spaces 22 located on the same horizontal plane rotate coaxially. The crushing rollers 23 with different cross-sectional radii can crush coal gangue raw materials into particles of different sizes; during crushing, the coal gangue particles are sorted by the screening component and enter the corresponding receiving component for storage. During crushing, some particles smaller than the specified size will also be generated, so the screening component is used to screen them. The screened coal gangue particles will roll down the screening component into the corresponding receiving component for unified collection. The receiving component at the top collects the largest particles, and the particles collected by the other receiving components decrease in size sequentially; when the receiving component moves, the transmission mechanism drives the feed hopper 11 to move to the next crushing space 22 to crush into particles of different sizes. The raw material is coal gangue, so that the other sizes of coal gangue particles can reach the required proportion for mixing. The required ratio of different particle sizes in the artificial soil added to the coal gangue raw material is 1mm:1~2mm:2~4mm:4~6mm=4:3:2:1. Therefore, the coal gangue raw material with larger particle size requires the least proportion. So, the receiving component at the top is filled to the required proportion and then moves. After that, the receiving hopper 92 is driven by the transmission component to move to the next crushing space 22 for crushing. The particle size crushed in this crushing space 22 is smaller than that crushed in the previous crushing space 22. When the receiving component has collected the required proportion of particles of this size, the transmission mechanism is driven again to move the feeding hopper 11 to achieve the crushing and collection of the next particle size. The above operation process is repeated until the smallest particle size is collected. Then, the receiving component will drive the receiving hopper 92 to reset and move to the crushing space 22 with the largest crushing particle size through the transmission mechanism to achieve the cyclic crushing operation.

[0043] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the screening assembly includes a plurality of filter plates 31 fixedly connected in the housing 1. The aperture of the plurality of filter plates 31 decreases sequentially from top to bottom. The filter plates 31 are arranged in an inclined manner. The specific arrangement of the plurality of filter plates 31 can be found in the appendix to the specification. Figure 3 The housing 1 is also equipped with a guide plate 32, which is used to guide the crushed coal gangue particles to one side of the top filter plate 31 so that the coal gangue particles can be fully filtered. The housing 1 is provided with a through groove 33, which is connected to a guide bucket 34. The through groove 33 is specifically located at the bottom of the inclined side of the filter plate 31. The through groove 33 can guide the coal gangue particles remaining above the filter plate 31 to the receiving assembly through the guide bucket 34. The guide bucket 34 can be equipped with a switch valve according to the usage requirements.

[0044] Furthermore, the receiving assembly includes a fixed base 41 fixedly connected to the housing 1, a weighing frame 42 disposed in the fixed base 41, and the fixed base 41 is positioned below the corresponding guide hopper 34. A weighing device is disposed inside the weighing frame 42, which can numerically weigh the collected particles. The crushed and screened particles can be guided into the weighing frame 42 for weighing via the guide hopper 34. Horizontal grooves 43 are provided on both sides of the fixed base 41, and a first toothed plate 44 is disposed in each horizontal groove 43. The first toothed plate 44 is positioned on one side of the horizontal groove 43; its specific placement can be found in the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 5 Both sides of the weighing frame 42 are fixedly connected with crossbars 45, which are slidably connected in the transverse groove 43. A first gear 46 is provided on the crossbar 45. During the stroke of the first gear 46, it meshes with the first toothed plate 44. After the first gear 46 on the crossbar 45 moves and contacts the first toothed plate 44, a drive unit for driving the weighing frame 42 to move is also provided in the fixed base 41. The drive unit drives the crossbar 45 to drive the weighing frame 42 to rotate, thereby achieving the purpose of pouring material.

[0045] Furthermore, the drive unit includes an electric telescopic rod 51 fixedly connected to the fixed base 41; one end of the electric telescopic rod 51 is fixedly connected to a mounting frame 52, which is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the two crossbars 45. The electric telescopic rod 51 is connected to an external power supply and a control switch. When the weighing frame 42 weighs to the set value, it feeds the information back to the processor. The processor controls the electric telescopic rod 51 to work, pushing the weighing frame 42 to move and realize the material pouring through the mounting frame 52. The electric telescopic rod 51 can be connected to the same control switch as the switch valve on the guide hopper 34. When the electric telescopic rod 51 extends, the switch valve closes, preventing the guide hopper 34 from pouring material. When the electric telescopic rod 51 retracts and resets, the switch valve opens, and the guide hopper 34 is used normally.

[0046] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the transmission mechanism includes a passive rotating rod 61 and a plurality of active rotating rods 62 mounted on a housing 1. Both the passive rotating rod 61 and the active rotating rods 62 are fixed to the outside of the housing 1 by fasteners. The plurality of active rotating rods 62 are connected to the passive rotating rod 61 via a belt 63. Both the passive rotating rod 61 and the active rotating rods 62 are equipped with sprockets adapted to the belt 63. Each of the plurality of active rotating rods 62 is equipped with a second gear 64, and each of the plurality of mounting frames 52 is equipped with a second toothed plate 65. During the stroke of the plurality of second toothed plates 65, they mesh with the corresponding second gear 64, thereby driving the passive rotating rod 61 to rotate via the second gear 64. The cross-sectional radius of the bottommost second gear 64 is smaller than that of the other second gears 64. (See attached specification). Figure 2 Based on this, when the second toothed plate 65 moves to the right, it can drive the second gear 64 to rotate clockwise, and when the bottommost second toothed plate 65 moves to the right, it will drive the second gear 64 in contact with it to rotate counterclockwise.

[0047] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, the passive rotating rod 61 is connected to the feed hopper 11 through a gear set. The rotation of the passive rotating rod 61, through the cooperation of the gear set, can adjust the feeding position of the feed hopper 11, so as to facilitate the crushing of coal gangue particles of different sizes. Each of the multiple fixed seats 41 is provided with a limiting unit to guide the second toothed plate 65.

[0048] Specifically, the gear set includes a third gear 71 fixedly connected to the driven rotating rod, and a third toothed plate 72 is provided on the feed hopper 11. The third gear 71 meshes with the third toothed plate 72. The third toothed plate 72 is installed on one side of the feed hopper 11. When the third gear 71 meshes with the third toothed plate 72, it drives the third toothed plate 72 to move the feed hopper 11, thereby realizing the position adjustment of the feed hopper 11.

[0049] Furthermore, the limiting unit includes a limiting groove 81 formed on the fixed base 41; a limiting rod 82 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second toothed plate 65, and the limiting rod 82 is slidably connected in the limiting groove 81. An elastic lever 83 is also provided on the fixed base 41. The specific shape of the limiting groove 81 can be found in the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 6 The limiting groove 81 is the movement trajectory of the limiting rod 82. A torsion spring is provided between the elastic lever 83 and the fixed seat 41. When the limiting rod 82 moves under the action of the elastic lever 83, the elastic lever 83 will automatically reset after the limiting rod 82 separates from the elastic lever 83. Through the cooperation of the limiting groove 81 and the limiting rod 82 and the action of the elastic lever 83, the second tooth plate 65 can contact the second gear 64 during the movement. However, when the second tooth plate 65 is resetting, it will not contact the second gear 64, thus preventing the second gear 64 from rotating.

[0050] In a further embodiment of the present invention, a batching assembly is provided on the housing 1. The batching assembly includes a conveying pipe 91 fixedly connected to the housing 1. Multiple receiving hoppers 92 are connected to the conveying pipe 91, and the multiple receiving hoppers 92 are connected to corresponding fixed seats 41. One end of the conveying pipe 91 can be directly connected to the mixing cylinder, which facilitates direct processing after batching.

[0051] Working principle: During operation, coal gangue raw material is fed into the crushing space 22 inside the housing 1 through the feed hopper 11. The crushing roller 23 rotating in the crushing space 22 crushes the coal gangue raw material into particles of the required size. While crushing larger coal gangue particles, a small amount of smaller coal gangue particles are also produced. After crushing, all coal gangue particles of the required size will flow into the filter plate 31 through the guide plate 32. The crushed coal gangue particles can be screened by the multi-layer filter plate 31. The coal gangue particles of the required size remaining on the filter plate 31 after screening will enter the weighing frame 42 in the fixed seat 41 through the filter plate 31, the channel 33 and the guide hopper 34 for collection until the weighing frame 42 weighs out the required amount. When the weighing frame 42 is weighed, the electric telescopic rod 51 connected to it operates, driving the weighing frame 42 to move. The operation of the electric telescopic rod 51 drives the weighing frame 42 to move through the mounting frame 52 and the crossbar 45, and controls the switch valve on the guide bucket 34 to close. When the mounting frame 52 moves, it will drive the second toothed plate 65 to move synchronously. The movement of the second toothed plate 65 will contact the second gear 64 on the active rotating rod 62, thereby driving the second gear 64 to drive the active rotating rod 62 to rotate. After the active rotating rod 62 rotates, it can drive the passive rotating rod 61 to rotate synchronously through the belt 63. Then, through the cooperation of the third gear 71 and the third toothed plate 72, the position of the feed hopper 11 can be adjusted so that the feed hopper 11 moves to the next crushing space 22 with smaller crushed particles.

[0052] Repeat the above operation until the movement of the bottom second toothed plate 65 will drive the connected second gear 64 to rotate counterclockwise. Since the bottom second gear 64 has a small cross-sectional radius, the number of rotations of the second gear 64 after the second toothed plate 65 contacts it is more than the number of rotations of the other second gears 64. At this time, the second gear 64 can drive the active rotating rod 62 to rotate in the opposite direction through the cooperation of the passive rotating rod 61 and the belt 63. Then, through the cooperation of the third gear 71 and the third toothed plate 72, the feed hopper 11 is driven to return to the position above the crushing space 22 with the largest crushed particles.

[0053] When the electric telescopic rod 51 extends through the mounting frame 52 and moves the weighing frame 42 to the first toothed plate 44, the first gear 46 on the crossbar 45 contacts the first toothed plate 44, thereby driving the crossbar 45 to rotate the weighing frame 42 so that the coal gangue particles collected in the weighing frame 42 can be poured into the receiving hopper 92. Through the receiving hopper 92 and the conveying pipe 91 connected to the receiving hopper 92, the coal gangue particles are poured into the mixing drum for the next step of preparation.

[0054] A method for preparing artificial soil based on the addition of coal gangue raw materials, using the aforementioned artificial soil preparation device based on the addition of coal gangue raw materials, specifically includes the following steps:

[0055] S1: Coal gangue is fed into the crushing space 22 in the box 1 through the feed hopper 11, and is crushed into larger coal gangue particles through the crushing components.

[0056] S2: The crushed coal gangue particles are dispersed into different receiving components by the screening component for collection. When the collection amount of larger coal gangue particles is reached, the feed hopper 11 is triggered by the transmission mechanism to move to the next crushing space 22 for crushing.

[0057] S3: When all receiving components have reached the collection volume, the feed hopper 11 is driven back to the initial position by the transmission mechanism.

[0058] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An artificial soil preparation device based on the addition of coal gangue raw materials, comprising a housing (1) and a feed hopper (11) disposed on the housing (1), characterized in that: It also includes a crushing assembly, a screening assembly and multiple receiving assemblies, which are located on the housing (1); The crushing assembly includes multiple partitions (21) fixedly connected in the housing (1), which divide the housing (1) into multiple crushing spaces (22) from left to right. Each partition (21) is equipped with multiple crushing rollers (23), and the cross-sectional radius of the multiple crushing rollers (23) gradually increases from left to right; During crushing, coal gangue particles are sorted by the screening components and then sent to the corresponding receiving components for storage. When the receiving assembly moves, the transmission mechanism drives the feeding hopper (11) to move to the next crushing space (22) to crush other specifications of coal gangue raw materials so that the remaining specifications of coal gangue particles reach the proportion for proportioning. The screening assembly includes multiple filter plates (31) fixedly connected in the housing (1), and the aperture of the multiple filter plates (31) decreases from top to bottom; The box (1) is also provided with a guide plate (32), and a through groove (33) is provided on the box (1), and a guide bucket (34) is connected to the through groove (33). The receiving assembly includes a fixed base (41) fixedly connected to the box (1), and a weighing frame (42) is provided in the fixed base (41). The fixed base (41) has horizontal grooves (43) on both sides, and a first toothed plate (44) is provided in the horizontal grooves (43). The weighing frame (42) has horizontal bars (45) fixedly connected to both sides. The horizontal bars (45) are slidably connected in the horizontal grooves (43). A first gear (46) is provided on the horizontal bars (45). The first gear (46) meshes with the first toothed plate (44) during its movement. The fixed base (41) is also provided with a drive unit for driving the weighing frame (42) to move. The drive unit includes an electric telescopic rod (51) fixedly connected to the fixed base (41). One end of the electric telescopic rod (51) is fixedly connected to a mounting frame (52), and the mounting frame (52) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the two crossbars (45). The transmission mechanism includes a passive rotating rod (61) and multiple active rotating rods (62) mounted on the housing (1). The multiple active rotating rods (62) are all connected to the passive rotating rod (61) via belts (63). Each of the multiple active rotating rods (62) is provided with a second gear (64), and each of the multiple mounting frames (52) is provided with a second toothed plate (65). During the stroke of the multiple second toothed plates (65), they mesh with the corresponding second gears (64). The passive rotating rod (61) is connected to the feed hopper (11) through a gear set, and each of the multiple fixed seats (41) is provided with a limiting unit to guide the second toothed plate (65); The gear set includes a third gear (71) fixedly connected to the driven rotating rod, and a third toothed plate (72) is provided on the feed hopper (11). The third gear (71) meshes with the third toothed plate (72). The limiting unit includes a limiting groove (81) formed on the fixed base (41). The bottom of the second toothed plate (65) is fixedly connected to a limiting rod (82), which is slidably connected in a limiting groove (81). An elastic lever (83) is also provided on the fixed seat (41). The electric telescopic rod (51) is connected to an external power source and a control switch. When the weighing box (51) weighs the set value, it feeds the information back to the processor, which then controls the electric telescopic rod (51) to work.

2. The artificial soil preparation device based on the addition of coal gangue raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The box (1) is also provided with a dispensing component, which includes a conveying pipe (91) fixedly connected to the box (1). The conveying pipe (91) is connected to a plurality of receiving hoppers (92), and the plurality of receiving hoppers (92) are connected to corresponding fixed seats (41).

3. A method for preparing artificial soil based on the addition of coal gangue raw materials, characterized in that, The artificial soil preparation apparatus based on coal gangue raw material according to any one of claims 1-2 further includes the following steps: S1: Coal gangue is fed into the crushing space (22) in the box (1) through the feed hopper (11), and is crushed into coal gangue particles of different sizes through the crushing components; S2: The crushed coal gangue particles are dispersed into different receiving components by the screening component and collected. When the amount of coal gangue particles of a certain size reaches the collection amount, the feed hopper (11) is triggered by the transmission mechanism to move to the next crushing space (22) for crushing. S3: When all receiving components have reached the collection amount, the feed hopper (11) is driven back to the initial position by the transmission mechanism.

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