Protecting structures, battery packs and electrical equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses a protective structure, a battery pack and an electric device, which relates to the technical field of electric devices and aims to solve the problem that the protective structure in the related art has a poor protective effect on the battery pack. The protective structure includes a protective plate body and a heat-absorbing material, wherein the protective plate body is provided with a plurality of accommodating cavities, the plurality of accommodating cavities are arranged in the plane where the protective plate body is located, and the plurality of accommodating cavities are arranged at intervals; the heat-absorbing material is accommodated in the plurality of accommodating cavities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrical equipment, and in particular to a protection structure, a battery pack and electrical equipment. Background Art

[0002] As a core component of electrical equipment, the battery pack may experience thermal runaway during the charging and discharging process, thus causing safety accidents such as fire. In order to avoid safety accidents such as fire, in the related technology, a protective structure is usually set in the battery pack, so that when the battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the heat radiation is isolated through the heat insulation layer of the protective structure, thereby suppressing the spread of heat and reducing the probability of safety accidents.

[0003] However, in the related art, heat radiation is isolated by a heat insulation layer of a protective structure, and the protection effect on the battery pack is poor. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a protective structure, a battery pack and an electrical device, aiming to solve the problem in the related art that the protective structure has a poor protective effect on the battery pack.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a protective structure, including a protective plate body and a heat-absorbing material. The protective plate body is provided with a plurality of accommodating cavities, the plurality of accommodating cavities are arranged in a plane where the protective plate body is located, and the plurality of accommodating cavities are arranged at intervals; the heat-absorbing material is accommodated in the plurality of accommodating cavities.

[0007] The protective structure provided in the embodiment of the present application, by providing a plurality of accommodating cavities on the protective plate body, and providing the heat absorbing material in the plurality of accommodating cavities, can confine the heat absorbing material in the accommodating cavities by the inner wall surfaces of the accommodating cavities, thereby preventing the heat absorbing material from deviating from the original position or falling, thereby ensuring the heat absorbing effect of the heat absorbing layer, thereby ensuring the heat absorbing effect of the protective structure.

[0008] In some embodiments, the plurality of accommodating cavities include a first group of accommodating cavities, the first group of accommodating cavities includes a first central accommodating cavity and at least one layer of first edge accommodating cavities arranged around the first central accommodating cavity, and the first central accommodating cavity is located at the geometric center of the protective plate. In this way, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery module, the heat absorbing material located in the first central accommodating cavity can quickly absorb the heat generated by the battery module, and the heat can be absorbed by the heat absorbing material in the first edge accommodating cavity when it diffuses to the surroundings, so that the center of the battery pack can be cooled quickly, thereby reducing the possibility of danger.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first edge accommodating chamber has multiple layers, and the multiple layers of first edge accommodating chambers are nested in sequence along the length direction of the protection plate body on the plane where the protection plate body is located. In this way, the heat can be gradually absorbed by the heat absorbing materials in different layers of the first edge accommodating chambers during the process of dissipating to the surroundings, so as to improve the cooling effect.

[0010] In some embodiments, the protective plate is in the shape of an elongated strip; the plurality of accommodating cavities further include a second group of accommodating cavities, and along the length direction of the protective plate, the second group of accommodating cavities is located on one side of the first group of accommodating cavities; the second group of accommodating cavities includes a second central accommodating cavity and at least one layer of second edge accommodating cavities arranged around the second central accommodating cavity. In this way, when the battery module is in thermal runaway, the heat at the position corresponding to the second group of accommodating cavities in the battery module can be quickly absorbed by the heat absorbing material in the second central accommodating cavity, and the heat can be absorbed by the heat absorbing material in the second edge accommodating cavity when it diffuses to the surroundings, so that the heat can be quickly dissipated at the position corresponding to the second group of accommodating cavities in the battery module, thereby reducing the possibility of danger.

[0011] In some embodiments, the plurality of accommodating cavities further include a third group of accommodating cavities, and the third group of accommodating cavities is located on the side of the first group of accommodating cavities that is opposite to the second group of accommodating cavities; the third group of accommodating cavities includes a third central accommodating cavity and at least one layer of third edge accommodating cavities arranged around the third central accommodating cavity. In this way, when the battery module is in thermal runaway, the heat at the position of the battery module corresponding to the third group of accommodating cavities can be quickly absorbed by the heat absorbing material in the third central accommodating cavity, and the heat can be absorbed by the heat absorbing material in the third edge accommodating cavity when it diffuses to the surroundings, so that the heat can be quickly dissipated from the position of the battery module corresponding to the third group of accommodating cavities, thereby reducing the possibility of danger.

[0012] In some embodiments, a ratio of the length of the protection plate body to the width of the protection plate body is greater than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 60.

[0013] In some embodiments, the plurality of accommodating chambers further include a fourth group of accommodating chambers and a fifth group of accommodating chambers. Along the width direction of the protection plate body, the fourth group of accommodating chambers is located on one side of the first group of accommodating chambers, and the fifth group of accommodating chambers is located on the other side of the first group of accommodating chambers. The fourth group of accommodating chambers includes at least one first accommodating chamber, and the at least one first accommodating chamber is arranged at intervals along the width direction of the protection plate body. The fifth group of accommodating chambers includes at least one second accommodating chamber, and the at least one second accommodating chamber is arranged at intervals along the width direction of the protection plate body. In this way, the heat diffused from the first group of accommodating chambers along the width direction of the protection plate body can be gradually absorbed by the heat absorbing material in the first accommodating chamber and the heat absorbing material in the second accommodating chamber to improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0014] In some embodiments, each layer of the second edge accommodating cavity includes a first arc-shaped accommodating cavity and a second arc-shaped accommodating cavity arranged along the circumference of the second central accommodating cavity, and the first arc-shaped accommodating cavity and the second arc-shaped accommodating cavity are symmetrically arranged; each layer of the third edge accommodating cavity includes a third arc-shaped accommodating cavity and a fourth arc-shaped accommodating cavity arranged along the circumference of the third central accommodating cavity, and the third arc-shaped accommodating cavity and the fourth arc-shaped accommodating cavity are symmetrically arranged. In this way, the heat absorbing material in the second group of accommodating cavities and the heat absorbing material in the third group of accommodating cavities are relatively uniform on the whole, and the heat at the corresponding position of the battery module and the second group of accommodating cavities, and the heat at the corresponding position of the battery module and the third group of accommodating cavities, can be uniformly absorbed by the heat absorbing material in the first arc-shaped accommodating cavity and the second arc-shaped accommodating cavity, and the heat absorbing material in the third arc-shaped accommodating cavity and the fourth arc-shaped accommodating cavity in the process of diffusion to the surroundings, thereby improving the heat absorption effect.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first arc-shaped receiving cavity and the second arc-shaped receiving cavity are arranged along the length direction of the protection plate body, or the first arc-shaped receiving cavity and the second arc-shaped receiving cavity are arranged along the width direction of the protection plate body; the third arc-shaped receiving cavity and the fourth arc-shaped receiving cavity are arranged along the length direction of the protection plate body, or the third arc-shaped receiving cavity and the fourth arc-shaped receiving cavity are arranged along the width direction of the protection plate body. In this way, the heat absorption efficiency of the heat absorbing material in the second group of receiving cavities and the heat absorption efficiency of the heat absorbing material in the third group of receiving cavities can be improved.

[0016] In some embodiments, at least some of the multiple accommodating cavities are connected to form an exhaust flow channel, and the exhaust flow channel runs through the edge of the protective plate body; the heat-absorbing material includes a decomposition material, the decomposition material is accommodated in the exhaust flow channel, and the decomposition material can decompose into non-combustible gas when heated. In this way, the non-combustible gas decomposed by the decomposition material when heated can quickly take away the heat during the flow process, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the battery pack to further reduce the probability of danger.

[0017] In some embodiments, part of the first arc-shaped receiving cavity is the first communicating hole, part of the second arc-shaped receiving cavity is the second communicating hole, part of the third arc-shaped receiving cavity is the third communicating hole, and part of the fourth arc-shaped receiving cavity is the fourth communicating hole; the first communicating hole is connected to the third communicating hole through part of the first receiving cavity; the second communicating hole is connected to the fourth communicating hole through part of the second receiving cavity; the protective plate body is also provided with a first exhaust hole and a second exhaust hole, the first exhaust hole is connected to the first communicating hole and passes through the edge of the protective plate body, and the second exhaust hole is connected to the second communicating hole and passes through the edge of the protective plate body. In this way, the third communicating hole, the first receiving cavity connecting the first communicating hole and the third communicating hole, the first communicating hole and the first exhaust hole form an exhaust flow channel. The fourth communicating hole, the first receiving cavity connecting the second communicating hole and the fourth communicating hole, the second communicating hole and the second exhaust hole form another exhaust flow channel. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack, the non-flammable gas generated by the decomposition materials in the above two exhaust flow channels can carry away part of the heat of the first group of accommodating cavities, the second group of accommodating cavities, the third group of accommodating cavities, the fourth group of accommodating cavities and the fifth group of accommodating cavities during the flow process, thereby taking away more heat and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the protective structure.

[0018] In some embodiments, the third connecting hole includes a first hole segment and a second hole segment arranged along the circumference of the third central accommodating cavity, the first hole segment is connected to the first connecting hole through a first accommodating cavity, and the second hole segment is connected to the first connecting hole through another first accommodating cavity; the fourth connecting hole includes a third hole segment and a fourth hole segment arranged along the circumference of the third central accommodating cavity, the third hole segment is connected to the second connecting hole through a second accommodating cavity, and the fourth hole segment is connected to the second connecting hole through another second accommodating cavity. In this way, along the width direction of the protective plate body, multiple exhaust flow channels can be formed on both sides of the first group of accommodating cavities, and the non-flammable gas generated by the decomposition material when heated can take away part of the heat at the first group of accommodating cavities during the flow of multiple exhaust flow channels, thereby further quickly reducing the heat at the center of the battery module to reduce the probability of danger.

[0019] In some embodiments, the protective plate body includes a first heated area, a second heated area and a third heated area, the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the first heated area is greater than the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the second heated area, the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the second heated area is greater than the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the third heated area, the second heated area is arranged along the circumference of the first heated area, and the third heated area is arranged along the circumference of the second heated area; the absolute value of the enthalpy of the heat-absorbing material located in the first heated area is greater than the absolute value of the enthalpy of the heat-absorbing material located in the second heated area, and the absolute value of the enthalpy of the heat-absorbing material located in the second heated area is greater than the absolute value of the enthalpy of the heat-absorbing material located in the third heated area; in this way, heat-absorbing materials with different heat absorption properties are arranged in the accommodating cavity of the first heated area, the accommodating cavity of the second heated area and the accommodating cavity of the third heated area to balance the cooling requirements of the first heated area, the second heated area and the third heated area. And / or, the content of the heat-absorbing material located in the first heated area is greater than the content of the heat-absorbing material located in the second heated area, and the content of the heat-absorbing material located in the second heated area is greater than the content of the heat-absorbing material located in the third heated area; in this way, the heat absorption requirements of different positions of the battery module can be met, and redundancy of heat-absorbing materials in the second heated area and the third heated area can be avoided, which causes waste of materials.

[0020] In some embodiments, the length of the protection plate is b, and the width of the protection plate is a; when 0 The area formed by the circle with a radius of 0.5a is the first heated area; the area formed by the ellipse with the geometric center of the protective plate as the center, 0.36a as the minor semi-axis, and (3*b / a-1) / 6*a as the major semi-axis is the first elliptical area, and the remaining part of the first elliptical area after removing the part of the first heated area located in the first elliptical area is the second heated area; the remaining part of the protective plate after removing the first heated area and the second heated area is the third heated area; when 4≤b / a≤60, the area formed by the ellipse with the geometric center of the protective plate as the center, 0.5a as the minor semi-axis, and 0.18b as the major semi-axis is the first heated area; the area formed by the ellipse with the geometric center of the protective plate as the center, 0.75a as the minor semi-axis, and 0.26b as the major semi-axis is the second elliptical area, and the remaining part of the second elliptical area after removing the part of the first heated area located in the second elliptical area is the second heated area; the remaining part of the protective plate after removing the first heated area and the second heated area is the third heated area. By adopting the above method, the positions of the first heated area, the second heated area and the third heated area can be made more accurate, thereby improving the heat absorption effect of the protective structure.

[0021] In some embodiments, the heat absorbing material includes at least one of a phase change material and a chemical heat storage material. ​

[0022] In some embodiments, along the thickness direction of the protective plate, the thickness of the heat absorbing material is greater than or equal to 0.02 mm and less than or equal to 1.6 mm. Setting the thickness of the heat absorbing material within the above range can ensure the heat absorbing effect of the heat absorbing material and avoid waste caused by excessive heat absorbing material.

[0023] In some embodiments, the protective plate body includes a support plate and a first barrier layer, the support plate includes a first surface and a second surface facing each other, the first surface is provided with a plurality of accommodation holes recessed toward the second surface; the heat absorbing material is accommodated in the plurality of accommodation holes; the first barrier layer is provided on the first surface and covers the plurality of accommodation holes. In this way, the plurality of accommodation holes covered by the first barrier layer form a plurality of accommodation cavities, which facilitates the arrangement of the accommodation cavities.

[0024] In some embodiments, the receiving hole penetrates the second surface; the protective structure further comprises a second barrier layer, which is disposed on the second surface and covers the plurality of receiving holes. The second barrier layer can further improve the heat radiation barrier effect of the protective structure, thereby further suppressing the spread of heat radiation.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first barrier layer includes a first heat insulation layer and a first radiation blocking layer, the first heat insulation layer is connected to the support plate; the first radiation blocking layer is connected to the side of the first heat insulation layer facing away from the support plate. Since the first barrier layer includes the first heat insulation layer and the first radiation blocking layer, heat can be blocked by the first radiation blocking layer and the first heat insulation layer in turn during the transfer process, so that the heat is continuously attenuated, and the spread of heat can be suppressed to a large extent, thereby reducing the occurrence of dangerous accidents.

[0026] In some embodiments, the material of the first radiation blocking layer includes at least one of inverse spinel metal oxide, aluminum, copper, silver, and aluminum oxide. The first radiation blocking layer is made of the above materials and can better reflect thermal radiation, thereby better blocking heat to slow down the spread of heat.

[0027] In some embodiments, along the thickness direction of the support plate, the thickness of the first insulation layer is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 11 mm. The thickness of the first insulation layer within the above range can ensure the insulation effect of the first insulation layer and avoid material waste.

[0028] In some embodiments, along the thickness direction of the support plate, the thickness of the first radiation blocking layer is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 0.9 mm. The thickness of the first radiation blocking layer is within the above range, which can ensure the heat insulation effect of the first radiation blocking layer and avoid material waste.

[0029] In some embodiments, the support plate includes a plate body and a plurality of clips, the plate body includes a first surface and a second surface; the plurality of clips are connected to the plate body; the clips include a first clip portion and a second clip portion, the plurality of first clip portions surround the first barrier layer and are clipped with the first barrier layer, and the plurality of second clip portions surround the second barrier layer and are clipped with the second barrier layer. By clipping the first clip portion with the first barrier layer, the first barrier layer can be quickly connected to the support plate, thereby facilitating the connection between the first barrier layer and the support plate. By clipping the second clip portion with the second barrier layer, the second barrier layer can be quickly connected to the support plate, thereby facilitating the connection between the second barrier layer and the support plate.

[0030] In some embodiments, the first clamping portion includes a first positioning plate and a first limiting plate. Along the first direction, the first positioning plate is located on one side of the first barrier layer, and the projection of the first barrier layer partially overlaps with the projection of the first positioning plate. The first direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the plate body. The first limiting plate is connected to the first positioning plate and is located on the side of the first barrier layer that is away from the plate body. In this way, the first positioning plate can limit the first barrier layer from one side of the first barrier layer in the first direction, and the first limiting plate can limit the first barrier layer from the side of the first barrier layer that is away from the plate body, thereby preventing the first barrier layer from being offset or falling relative to the plate body, so as to improve the connection effect between the first barrier layer and the support plate.

[0031] In some embodiments, along the thickness direction of the plate body, a positioning protrusion is formed on the side of the first clamping portion facing away from the plate body, and a positioning groove is formed on the side of the second clamping portion facing away from the plate body, and the positioning protrusion of one protective structure can be clamped into the positioning groove of another protective structure. In this way, the two adjacent protective structures can be positioned by the cooperation of the positioning protrusion and the positioning groove, so as to avoid the misalignment of the two adjacent protective structures and affect the protective effect of the protective structure on the battery module.

[0032] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a battery pack is provided. The battery pack includes a battery assembly and a protection structure, wherein the protection structure is connected to the battery assembly.

[0033] In some embodiments, the battery assembly includes a plurality of battery modules arranged at intervals, and at least one protection structure is disposed between any two adjacent battery modules.

[0034] According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electrical device, which includes a device body and a battery pack, wherein the battery pack is connected to the device body.

[0035] It should be noted that the technical effects brought about by the implementation methods of the second aspect to the third aspect can refer to the technical effects brought about by the corresponding implementation methods in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 Another schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a protection structure provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a top view of the protective structure shown in FIG.

[0042] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the front view of the protective structure shown in FIG.

[0043] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement in the middle;

[0044] Figure 8 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the support plate in the protective structure shown in FIG.

[0045] Fig. 9 for Figure 4 A side view schematic diagram of the protective structure shown in FIG.

[0046] Fig.10 for Figure 8 A front view structural schematic diagram of the support plate shown in FIG.

[0047] Fig.11 for Fig. 9 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at B in the middle;

[0048] Fig.12 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a support plate when viewed from the side is shown in FIG.

[0049] Fig.13 for Fig.12 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at C in the middle;

[0050] Fig.14 for Figure 4 A schematic top view of a structure of a support plate of a protection structure shown in FIG.

[0051] Fig.15 for Figure 4 A schematic top view of another structure of a support plate of a protective structure shown in FIG.

[0052] Fig.16 for Figure 4 A schematic top view of another structure of a support plate of a protection structure shown in FIG.

[0053] Fig.17 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the top view of the support plate shown in FIG.

[0054] Fig.18 A schematic diagram of the distribution relationship between the first heated area, the second heated area and the third heated area in the support plate;

[0055] Fig.19 is another schematic diagram of the distribution relationship among the first heated area, the second heated area and the third heated area in the support plate;

[0056] Fig. 20 It is a temperature-time relationship diagram of the protection structure in the related art and the protection structure of the present application under the same conditions.

[0057] Reference numerals:

[0058] 1000. Electrical equipment;

[0059] 100, device body; 200, drive motor; 300, battery pack; 400, wheel; 10, battery assembly; 10A, battery module; 20, protection structure;

[0060] 1A, protection plate body; 1, support plate; 11, first surface; 12, second surface; 13, plate body; 14, clamping member; 141, first clamping portion; 1411, first positioning plate; 1412, first limiting plate; 1413, positioning protrusion; 142, second clamping portion; 1421, second positioning plate; 1422, second limiting plate; 1423, positioning groove;

[0061] 15, accommodating cavity; 15A, accommodating hole; 151, first group of accommodating cavities; 1511, first central accommodating cavity; 1512, first edge accommodating cavity;

[0062] 152, second group of accommodating chambers; 1521, second central accommodating chamber; 1522, second edge accommodating chamber; 1522A, first arc-shaped accommodating chamber; 1522B, second arc-shaped accommodating chamber; 1522C, first communicating hole; 1522D, second communicating hole;

[0063] 153, third group of accommodating chambers; 1531, third central accommodating chamber; 1532, third edge accommodating chamber; 1532A, third arc-shaped accommodating chamber; 1532B, fourth arc-shaped accommodating chamber; 1532C, third communicating hole; 1532D, fourth communicating hole; 1532E, first hole segment; 1532F, second hole segment; 1532M, third hole segment; 1532N, fourth hole segment;

[0064] 154, fourth group of accommodating chambers; 1541, first accommodating chamber;

[0065] 155, fifth group of accommodating chambers; 1551, second accommodating chamber; 156, exhaust flow channel;

[0066] 16. First exhaust hole; 17. Second exhaust hole;

[0067] 2. first barrier layer; 21. first heat insulation layer; 22. first radiation barrier layer;

[0068] 3. Second barrier layer; 31. Second heat insulation layer; 32. Second radiation barrier layer;

[0069] S1, the first heated area; S2, the second heated area; S3, the third heated area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0071] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or relative positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the above-mentioned directional description can be flexibly set in the process of actual application under the condition that the relative positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings is satisfied.

[0072] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0073] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0074] In the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "comprises", "comprising" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, article or device including the element.

[0075] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0076] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0077] The present application provides an electric device 1000. The electric device 1000 may be a ship, an airplane, a vehicle, etc. The present application is exemplified by taking the electric device 1000 as a vehicle.

[0078] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided for some embodiments of the present application. The electric device 1000 may include a device body 100, a drive motor 200, and a battery pack 300. The drive motor 200 and the battery pack 300 are both connected to the device body 100, and the battery pack 300 is electrically connected to the drive motor 200 for supplying power to the drive motor 200 so that the drive motor 200 drives the device body 100 to work.

[0079] For example, the electrical device 1000 is a vehicle, and the device body 100 is a vehicle body. In this case, the vehicle further includes a wheel 400, the wheel 400 is connected to the vehicle body, and the drive motor 200 is connected to the wheel 400. After the battery pack 300 supplies power to the drive motor 200, the drive motor 200 can drive the wheel 400 to rotate, thereby driving the vehicle.

[0080] The vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, an extended-range electric vehicle, etc. The vehicle may also be a car, a van, a bus, a truck, a trailer, etc.

[0081] The battery pack 300 will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The battery pack 300 may be a lithium-ion battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, a fuel cell, a lead-acid battery, etc. The present application does not specifically limit the type of the battery pack 300.

[0082] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack 300 provided in some embodiments of the present application. The battery pack 300 includes a battery assembly 10 and a protective structure 20. The battery assembly 10 is used to power the drive motor 200. The protective structure 20 is disposed in the battery assembly 10 to protect the battery assembly 10 to avoid safety hazards such as fire caused by thermal runaway of the battery assembly 10.

[0083] For some examples, see Figure 2 The battery assembly 10 may include a plurality of battery modules 10A. The plurality of battery modules 10A are arranged at intervals. The battery assembly 10 includes a plurality of battery modules 10A, which can facilitate the processing of the battery pack and reduce the maintenance cost of the battery pack.

[0084] In this case, at least one protective structure 20 may be provided between any two adjacent battery modules 10A. Exemplarily, one protective structure 20 may be provided between any two adjacent battery modules 10A. Exemplarily, multiple protective structures 20 may be provided between any two adjacent battery modules 10A, for example, two, three, four, etc. Exemplarily, one protective structure 20 may be provided between some of the two adjacent battery modules 10A, and multiple protective structures 20 may be provided between another part of the two adjacent battery modules 10A.

[0085] At least one protection structure 20 can be provided between any two adjacent battery modules 10A. When thermal runaway occurs in one of the battery modules 10A, the protection structure 20 can suppress the heat of the battery module 10A from spreading to the battery module 10A adjacent to it, thereby preventing the battery module 10A adjacent to the battery module 10A experiencing thermal runaway from overheating and causing thermal runaway, thereby reducing the impact of thermal runaway of the battery.

[0086] For other examples, see Figure 3 , Figure 3 Another structural schematic diagram of a battery pack 300 provided for some embodiments of the present application. At least one protective structure 20 is also provided on the side of the outermost battery module 10A facing away from the adjacent battery module 10A. In this way, when the outermost battery module 10A has thermal runaway, the protective structure 20 can suppress the heat of the outermost battery module 10A from spreading to the equipment near the battery pack 300, thereby preventing the equipment near the battery pack 300 from being damaged by heat.

[0087] In some other examples, the battery assembly 10 may also include a battery module 10A. In this case, at least one protection structure 20 may be provided on opposite sides of the battery module 10A to prevent heat from rapidly spreading to other devices and causing damage to other devices when the battery module 10A thermally runs away.

[0088] In the related art, the protective structure 20 usually includes two layers of heat insulating cotton and a heat absorbing material disposed between the two layers of heat insulating cotton, and the heat insulating cotton and the heat absorbing material are fixed by clamping the heat absorbing material between the two layers of heat insulating cotton. However, the heat absorbing material is usually in powder form, and in the process of clamping the heat absorbing material between the two layers of heat insulating cotton, the heat absorbing material is easily caused to fall or deviate from the original position, thereby causing a deviation in the distribution of the heat absorbing material, thereby affecting the protective effect of the protective structure 20.

[0089] In addition, the battery module 10A is usually a plate-like structure or a rectangular structure, and the heat insulation cotton of the protection structure 20 is usually attached to one side surface of the battery module 10A. In this way, when the battery module 10A has thermal runaway, the heat at the center of the battery module 10A needs to be continuously diffused to the surrounding edges before it can be conducted out, resulting in a slower heat dissipation in the middle of the battery module 10A and more heat accumulation, while the center of the battery module 10A corresponds to the center of the protection structure 20. At this time, if the heat-absorbing material is evenly distributed between the two layers of heat-insulating cotton, the heat-absorbing material at the center of the protection structure 20 may be consumed faster, so that the heat-absorbing material at the center of the protection structure 20 is consumed and the center of the battery module 10A still accumulates more heat, so there is still a risk of safety accidents such as fire. In addition, since the edge of the battery module 10A dissipates heat faster, the heat-absorbing material at the edge of the protection structure 20 is consumed more slowly, resulting in excess heat-absorbing material at the edge of the protection structure 20, resulting in material waste.

[0090] If the heat absorbing material between the two layers of heat insulation cotton is unevenly distributed, for example, more heat absorbing material is distributed at the center of the protection structure 20, while less heat absorbing material is distributed at the edge of the protection structure 20. When the heat absorbing material is clamped by the two layers of heat insulation, the heat absorbing material may still fall off or deviate from the original position, and a gap may appear between the heat insulation cotton and the heat absorbing material, thereby affecting the protection effect of the protection structure 20.

[0091] To solve the above problems, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a protection structure 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application, Figure 5 for Figure 4 The top view of the protective structure 20 is shown in FIG. The protective structure 20 includes a protective plate body 1A and a heat absorbing material (not shown in the figure). The protective plate body 1A includes a support plate 1, a first barrier layer 2 and a second barrier layer 3. The support plate 1 is used to place the heat absorbing material, and a heat absorbing layer is formed after the heat absorbing material is placed in the support plate 1. The first barrier layer 2 and the second barrier layer 3 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the support plate 1. For details, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 6 for Figure 4 The front view of the protective structure 20 is shown in FIG. Figure 7 for Figure 6 The support plate 1 comprises a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 which are opposite to each other, the first barrier layer 2 is arranged on the first surface 11 , and the second barrier layer 3 is arranged on the second surface 12 .

[0092] After the protective structure 20 is installed between the two battery modules 10A of the battery pack 300, the first barrier layer 2 contacts one of the battery modules 10A, and the second barrier layer 3 contacts the other battery module 10A. When thermal runaway occurs in one of the battery modules 10A of the battery assembly 10, the heat is first transferred to the first barrier layer 2 of the protective structure 20 through heat conduction. Since the first barrier layer 2 has a large thermal resistance, it can effectively suppress and slow down the conduction of heat. After passing through the first barrier layer 2, the heat reaches the heat absorption layer in the support plate 1. The heat absorption material of the heat absorption layer can absorb the penetrating heat, thereby further slowing down the transfer of heat. In addition, part of the heat absorption material can be a decomposition material, which can produce non-flammable gas after decomposition. An exhaust channel (the specific structure will be described in detail later) can be set on the support plate 1 to discharge the gas decomposed by the decomposition material. The gas generated by the decomposition material continuously flushes the heat exchange plane to enhance the plane heat exchange, promotes the decomposition of the heat-absorbing material to continuously take away the heat, and thereby avoids too much heat being quickly transferred to the adjacent battery module 10A, causing the adjacent battery module 10A to also experience thermal runaway, thereby avoiding the occurrence of safety accidents such as fire.

[0093] In some examples, the support plate 1 is made of heat-insulating material, so that the support plate 1 can also isolate heat radiation, thereby delaying the spread of heat. For example, the support plate 1 can be foamed ceramic, asbestos, etc.

[0094] In order to improve the insulation ability of the first barrier layer 2 against heat conduction and to improve the inhibitory effect of the first barrier layer 2 against heat spread, in some embodiments, please continue to refer to Figure 7 , the first barrier layer 2 includes a first thermal insulation layer 21 and a first radiation blocking layer 22. The first thermal insulation layer 21 is connected to the support plate 1, specifically, the first thermal insulation layer 21 is connected to the first surface 11. The first radiation blocking layer 22 is connected to the side of the first thermal insulation layer 21 facing away from the support plate 1. The second barrier layer 3 includes a second thermal insulation layer 31 and a second radiation blocking layer 32. The second thermal insulation layer 31 is connected to the support plate 1, specifically, the second thermal insulation layer 31 is connected to the second surface 12. The second radiation blocking layer 32 is connected to the side of the second thermal insulation layer 31 facing away from the support plate 1.

[0095] In this way, when the battery module 10A in contact with the first barrier layer 2 in the battery pack 300 has a thermal runaway, the first barrier radiation layer 22 can block the thermal radiation. At the same time, the first thermal insulation layer 21 has a large thermal resistance and can effectively hinder and reduce the heat entering the support plate 1; and the heat entering the support plate 1 can be absorbed by the heat absorbing material and the decomposition material, thereby triggering convective heat exchange with stronger heat exchange capacity to directly take away the heat; at this point, the heat reaching the second thermal insulation layer 31 is rapidly reduced, and therefore, the heat that can pass through the second thermal insulation layer 31 with a larger thermal resistance is significantly reduced, so the temperature of the second barrier radiation layer 32 outside the second barrier layer 3 is always at a low temperature, thereby avoiding overheating of the battery module 10A in contact with the second barrier layer 3 and thermal runaway.

[0096] When the battery module 10A in contact with the second barrier layer 3 in the battery pack 300 thermally runs away, the heat transfer direction is opposite to the heat transfer direction when the battery module 10A in contact with the first barrier layer 2 in the battery pack 300 thermally runs away, which will not be repeated here.

[0097] When the battery module 10A in contact with the first barrier layer 2 and the battery module 10A in contact with the second barrier layer 3 in the battery pack 300 are in thermal runaway at the same time, the heat of the battery module 10A in contact with the first barrier layer 2 is continuously attenuated through the first radiation-blocking layer 22 and the first heat-insulating layer 21 in sequence, and then enters the heat-absorbing layer, where the heat is absorbed by the heat-absorbing material and the decomposition material. At the same time, the heat of the battery module 10A in contact with the second barrier layer 3 is continuously attenuated through the second radiation-blocking layer 32 and the second heat-insulating layer 31 in sequence, and then enters the heat-absorbing layer, where the heat is absorbed by the heat-absorbing material and the decomposition material.

[0098] In addition, in the process of heat decay, the heat can be continuously diffused to the edge of the battery pack 300 to dissipate heat. Therefore, the first barrier layer 2 includes the first heat insulation layer 21 and the first radiation barrier layer 22, and the second barrier layer 3 includes the second heat insulation layer 31 and the second radiation barrier layer 32, which can suppress the spread of heat to a large extent, thereby reducing the occurrence of dangerous accidents.

[0099] In some other embodiments, the first barrier layer 2 may include only the first heat insulation layer 21 . The second barrier layer 3 may include only the second heat insulation layer 31 .

[0100] In order to ensure the heat insulation effect of the first heat insulation layer 21 and avoid material waste, please continue to refer to Figure 7 , along the thickness direction of the support plate 1, the thickness of the first thermal insulation layer 21 (eg Figure 7The thickness H1) in the first heat insulation layer 21 may be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 11 mm. For example, the thickness of the first heat insulation layer 21 may be 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, etc. The thickness of the first heat insulation layer 21 at different positions may be equal or unequal.

[0101] Along the thickness direction of the support plate 1, the thickness of the second heat insulation layer 31 (eg Figure 7 The thickness H2 in the second heat insulation layer 31 may also be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 11 mm. For example, the thickness of the second heat insulation layer 31 may be 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, etc. The thickness of the second heat insulation layer 31 at different positions may be equal or unequal.

[0102] In order to ensure the heat insulation effect of the first radiation blocking layer 22 and avoid material waste, please continue to refer to Figure 7 , along the thickness direction of the support plate 1, the thickness of the first radiation blocking layer 22 (eg Figure 7 The thickness H3) in the first radiation blocking layer 22 may be greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 0.9 mm. For example, the thickness of the first radiation blocking layer 22 may be 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, etc. The thickness of the first radiation blocking layer 22 at different positions may be equal or unequal.

[0103] Along the thickness direction of the support plate 1, the thickness of the second radiation blocking layer 32 (eg Figure 7 The thickness H4 shown in FIG. 1 may also be greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 0.9 mm. For example, the thickness of the second radiation blocking layer 32 may be 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, etc. The thickness of the second radiation blocking layer 32 at different positions may be equal or unequal.

[0104] The material of the first thermal insulation layer 21 may include aerogel. Aerogel has a nano-scale porous structure and a low thermal conductivity, so aerogel has good thermal insulation performance. By using aerogel as the material of the first thermal insulation layer 21, the thermal insulation effect of the first thermal insulation layer 21 can be guaranteed.

[0105] The material of the second heat insulation layer 31 may also include aerogel. By using the material of the second heat insulation layer 31 as aerogel, the heat insulation effect of the second heat insulation layer 31 can be ensured.

[0106] Exemplarily, the aerogel may be at least one of inorganic aerogel, organic aerogel, carbon aerogel, natural gas aerogel, carbide aerogel, and the like.

[0107] Since there are many pores inside the aerogel, the thermal conductivity of the aerogel is very low, which is conducive to inhibiting heat conduction; however, a large number of pores cause significant radiation heat exchange inside the aerogel, so a sunscreen can be set in the gaps of the first thermal insulation layer 21 to isolate heat radiation through the sunscreen, thereby enhancing the thermal insulation effect of the first thermal insulation layer 21. A sunscreen can also be set in the gaps of the second thermal insulation layer 31 to isolate heat radiation through the sunscreen, thereby enhancing the thermal insulation effect of the second thermal insulation layer 31.

[0108] Exemplarily, the sunscreen may be at least one of carbon black, SiC, potassium hexatitanate whisker, TiO2, ZrO2, Al2O3, fly ash, and the like.

[0109] The material of the first radiation blocking layer 22 may include at least one of inverse spinel metal oxide, aluminum, copper, silver, and aluminum oxide. Exemplarily, the first radiation blocking layer 22 may be a reflective coating made of at least one of TiO2, glass beads, aluminum powder, and Al2O3 and resin, or may be a metal layer such as copper, silver, and aluminum. The first radiation blocking layer 22 is made of the above materials, and can better reflect thermal radiation, thereby better blocking heat to slow down the spread of heat.

[0110] The material of the second barrier layer 3 may also include at least one of inverse spinel metal oxide, aluminum, copper, silver, and aluminum oxide.

[0111] In order to facilitate the connection between the first barrier layer 2 and the support plate 1, and the connection between the second barrier layer 3 and the support plate 1, in some embodiments, refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the support plate 1 in the protective structure 20 shown in FIG. The support plate 1 includes a plate body 13 and a clamping member 14. The first surface 11 and the second surface 12 are two opposite surfaces on the plate body 13. A plurality of clamping members 14 are connected to the plate body 13. Exemplarily, the clamping members 14 can be connected to the plate body 13 by screwing, clamping, welding, etc. The clamping member 14 can also be an integral structure with the plate body 13.

[0112] See also Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 for Figure 4The side view of the protective structure 20 is shown in FIG. The clamping member 14 includes a first clamping portion 141 and a second clamping portion 142. A plurality of first clamping portions 141 surround the first barrier layer 2 and are clamped with the first barrier layer 2, and a plurality of second clamping portions 142 surround the second barrier layer 3 and are clamped with the second barrier layer 3. For example, please continue to refer to Figure 8 The plate body 13 may be a rectangular structure, and a plurality of clips 14 are provided at one edge of the length square of the plate body 13, and a plurality of clips 14 are provided at both edges of the width direction of the plate body 13. At this time, after the first barrier layer 2 is provided on the first surface 11, the first clips 141 of the plurality of clips 14 can surround the first barrier layer 2 and clip with the first barrier layer 2. And after the second barrier layer 3 is provided on the second surface 12, the second clips 142 of the plurality of clips 14 can surround the second barrier layer 3 and clip with the second barrier layer 3.

[0113] Among some examples, see Fig.10 , Fig.10 for Figure 8 In the front view structural schematic diagram of the support plate 1 shown in FIG, the length of the first clamping portion 141 and the length of the second clamping portion 142 may be equal. The length of the first clamping portion 141 of the clamping member 14 located at both side edges of the plate body 13 in the width direction refers to the dimension of the first clamping portion 141 along the length direction of the plate body 13. The length of the second clamping portion 142 of the clamping member 14 located at both side edges of the plate body 13 in the width direction refers to the dimension of the second clamping portion 142 along the length direction of the plate body 13. The length of the first clamping portion 141 of the clamping member 14 located at one side edge of the plate body 13 in the length direction refers to the dimension of the first clamping portion 141 along the width direction of the plate body 13. The length of the second clamping portion 142 of the clamping member 14 located at one side edge of the plate body 13 in the length direction refers to the dimension of the second clamping portion 142 along the width direction of the plate body 13.

[0114] In other examples, the length of the first clamping portion 141 and the length of the second clamping portion 142 may be unequal. The lengths of different first clamping portions 141 may be unequal. The lengths of different second clamping portions 142 may also be unequal. In this way, the connection stability between the first barrier layer 2 and the support plate 1 and the connection stability between the second barrier layer 3 and the support plate 1 can be ensured, and the material of the support plate 1 can be saved to save costs.

[0115] By clamping the first clamping portion 141 with the first barrier layer 2, the first barrier layer 2 can be quickly connected to the support plate 1, thereby facilitating the connection between the first barrier layer 2 and the support plate 1. By clamping the second clamping portion 142 with the second barrier layer 3, the second barrier layer 3 can be quickly connected to the support plate 1, thereby facilitating the connection between the second barrier layer 3 and the support plate 1. In addition, a plurality of clamping members 14 can make the connection between the first barrier layer 2 and the support plate 1 more stable, and the connection between the second barrier layer 3 and the support plate 1 more stable.

[0116] In some other embodiments, the first barrier layer 2 may also be connected to the first surface 11 by bonding. The second barrier layer 3 may also be connected to the second surface 12 by bonding.

[0117] In order to further facilitate the connection between the first barrier layer 2 and the support plate 1, in some embodiments, please refer to Fig.11 , Fig.11 for Fig. 9 The first clamping portion 141 includes a first positioning plate 1411 and a first limiting plate 1412. Fig.11 The first positioning plate 1411 is located on one side of the first barrier layer 2, and the projection of the first barrier layer 2 partially overlaps with the projection of the first positioning plate 1411, and the first direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the plate body 13. That is, the first direction can be the length direction of the plate body 13, or the width direction of the plate body 13. The first limiting plate 1412 is connected to the first positioning plate 1411, and is located on the side of the first barrier layer 2 facing away from the plate body 13.

[0118] In this way, the first positioning plate 1411 can limit the first barrier layer 2 from one side of the first barrier layer 2 in the first direction, and the first limiting plate 1412 can limit the first barrier layer 2 from the side of the first barrier layer 2 facing away from the plate body 13, thereby preventing the first barrier layer 2 from being offset or falling relative to the plate body 13, thereby improving the connection effect between the first barrier layer 2 and the support plate 1.

[0119] Also, please continue reading Fig.11 The second clamping portion 142 may include a second positioning plate 1421 and a second limiting plate 1422. Along the first direction, the second positioning plate 1421 is located on one side of the second barrier layer 3, and the projection of the second barrier layer 3 partially overlaps with the projection of the second positioning plate 1421. The second limiting plate 1422 is connected to the second positioning plate 1421 and is located on the side of the second barrier layer 3 that is not facing the plate body 13.

[0120] In this way, the second positioning plate 1421 can limit the second barrier layer 3 from one side of the second barrier layer 3 in the first direction, and the second limiting plate 1422 can limit the second barrier layer 3 from the side of the second barrier layer 3 facing away from the plate body 13, thereby preventing the second barrier layer 3 from being offset or falling relative to the plate body 13, thereby improving the connection effect between the second barrier layer 3 and the support plate 1.

[0121] In some other embodiments, the first clamping portion 141 may be a first clamping protrusion, which is clamped into the first clamping hole of the first barrier layer 2 to achieve the connection between the support plate 1 and the first barrier layer 2. The second clamping portion 142 may be a second clamping protrusion, which is clamped into the second clamping hole of the second barrier layer 3 to achieve the connection between the support plate 1 and the second barrier layer 3.

[0122] In addition, when multiple protection structures 20 are provided between two adjacent battery modules 10A of the battery pack 300, the protection effect may be affected by the offset between the multiple protection structures 20. Fig.12 and Fig.13 , Fig.12 for Figure 8 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the support plate 1 when viewed from the side is shown in FIG. Fig.13 for Fig.12 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C in the middle. Along the thickness direction of the plate body 13, a positioning protrusion 1413 is formed on the side of the first clamping portion 141 that is opposite to the plate body 13. Specifically, the positioning protrusion 1413 can be formed on the first limiting plate 1412. A positioning groove 1423 is formed on the side of the second clamping portion 142 that is opposite to the plate body 13. Specifically, the positioning groove 1423 can be formed on the second limiting plate 1422. At this time, after the two adjacent protective structures 20 are stacked together, the positioning protrusion 1413 of one protective structure 20 can be clamped into the positioning groove 1423 of the other protective structure 20. Thus, the two adjacent protective structures 20 can be positioned by the cooperation of the positioning protrusion 1413 and the positioning groove 1423 to avoid the misalignment of the two adjacent protective structures 20 and affect the protective effect of the protective structure 20 on the battery module 10A.

[0123] To prevent the heat sink from falling or moving out of position, refer to Fig.14 , Fig.14 for Figure 4A schematic top view of a structure of a support plate 1 of a protective structure 20 is shown in FIG. A plurality of accommodating cavities 15 are provided in the protective plate body 1A, and the plurality of accommodating cavities 15 are arranged in the plane where the protective plate body 1A is located, and the plurality of accommodating cavities 15 are arranged at intervals. In some examples, the first surface 11 of the support plate 1 is provided with a plurality of accommodating holes 15A recessed toward the second surface 12, and the plurality of accommodating holes 15A penetrate the second surface 12, that is, the plurality of accommodating holes 15A are through holes, the first barrier layer 2 is provided on the first surface 11, and covers the plurality of accommodating holes 15A, and the second barrier layer 3 is provided on the second surface 12, and covers the plurality of accommodating holes 15A. After the plurality of accommodating holes 15A are covered by the first barrier layer 2 and the second barrier layer 3, a plurality of accommodating cavities 15 are formed. In other words, the accommodating cavities 15 are provided on the support plate 1.

[0124] The protection structure 20 further includes a heat absorbing material (not shown in the figure), and the heat absorbing material is accommodated in the plurality of accommodating cavities 15 .

[0125] In some other embodiments, the plurality of accommodating cavities 15 may also be blind holes that do not penetrate the second surface 12. In this case, the protective structure 20 may also not be provided with the second barrier layer 3.

[0126] By arranging a plurality of accommodating holes 15A on the support plate 1, arranging the heat absorbing material in the plurality of accommodating holes 15A, and respectively covering the plurality of accommodating holes 15A from both ends of the accommodating holes 15A through the first barrier layer 2 and the second barrier layer 3, the plurality of accommodating holes 15A form a plurality of accommodating cavities 15, so that the heat absorbing material can be confined in the accommodating cavity 15 through the inner wall surface of the accommodating cavity 15, that is, the heat absorbing material is confined in the accommodating cavity 15 through the inner wall surface of the accommodating cavity 15 and the first barrier layer 2 and the second barrier layer 3, so as to prevent the heat absorbing material from deviating from the original position or falling, and further ensure the heat absorption effect of the heat absorption layer, so as to ensure the heat absorption effect of the protective structure 20.

[0127] In addition, the protective plate body 1A includes the support plate 1, the first barrier layer 2 and the second barrier layer 3, so that the accommodating cavity 15 can be conveniently arranged in the protective plate body 1A. In order to make the heat absorbing material better absorb the heat at the center of the battery pack 300, please continue to refer to Fig.14 In some embodiments, the plurality of accommodating cavities 15 include a first group of accommodating cavities 151. The first group of accommodating cavities 151 includes a first central accommodating cavity 1511 and at least one layer of first edge accommodating cavities 1512 disposed around the first central accommodating cavity 1511. The first central accommodating cavity 1511 is located at the geometric center of the protection plate body 1A, that is, the first central accommodating cavity 1511 is located at the geometric center of the support plate 1.

[0128] After the protective structure 20 is installed on the battery pack 300, the geometric center of the support plate 1 corresponds to the center position of the battery module 10A. In this way, when the battery module 10A has thermal runaway, the heat absorbing material in the first central accommodating cavity 1511 can quickly absorb the heat generated by the battery module 10A, and the heat can be absorbed by the heat absorbing material in the first edge accommodating cavity 1512 when it diffuses to the surroundings, so that the center position of the battery pack 300 can be quickly dissipated, thereby reducing the possibility of danger.

[0129] In some examples, the number of layers of the first edge accommodating cavity 1512 may be one layer or multiple layers. Fig.14 When the number of layers of the first edge accommodating chamber 1512 is multiple, the multiple first edge accommodating chambers 1512 can be nested in sequence along the length direction of the protection plate body 1A on the plane where the protection plate body 1A is located, that is, in any two adjacent layers of the first edge accommodating chambers 1512, one layer of the first edge accommodating chamber 1512 is located inside the other layer of the first edge accommodating chamber 1512. In this way, the heat-absorbing material can be distributed in more accommodating chambers 15, so that the heat-absorbing material is distributed more evenly, and the heat absorption efficiency of the heat-absorbing material is improved. In addition, the multiple first edge accommodating chambers 1512 are nested in sequence along the plane where the protection plate body 1A is located, so that the heat can be gradually absorbed by the heat-absorbing materials in the first edge accommodating chambers 1512 of different layers in the process of dissipating to the surroundings, so as to improve the cooling effect.

[0130] The number of first edge accommodating chambers 1512 in each layer may be one, in which case the first edge accommodating chamber 1512 extends along the circumference of the first central accommodating chamber 1511. The number of first edge accommodating chambers 1512 in each layer may also be multiple, in which case the multiple first edge accommodating chambers 1512 in each layer of first edge accommodating chambers 1512 may be arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first central accommodating chamber 1511. Each first edge accommodating chamber 1512 may also extend along the circumference of the first central accommodating chamber 1511.

[0131] The first central accommodating cavity 1511 may be a circular hole, an elliptical hole, a polygonal hole, a spherical polygonal hole, etc., so that the heat absorbing material in the first central accommodating cavity 1511 can absorb heat more evenly, thereby improving the heat absorbing effect of the heat absorbing material. In addition, the first central accommodating cavity 1511 may also be an arc-shaped hole, a fan-shaped hole, an irregularly shaped hole, etc.

[0132] The first edge accommodating cavity 1512 may be an arc-shaped hole, an annular hole, a semi-annular hole, etc., so that the heat absorbing material can be distributed relatively evenly in the first edge accommodating cavity 1512, thereby improving the heat absorbing effect of the heat absorbing material. In addition, the first edge accommodating cavity 1512 may also be a circular hole, an elliptical hole, an arc-shaped hole, a polygonal hole, a spherical polygonal hole, a fan-shaped hole, an irregularly shaped hole, etc.

[0133] For example, please refer to Fig.14 , the first central accommodating cavity 1511 is an elliptical hole. The first edge accommodating cavity 1512 is an arc-shaped hole. The number of layers of the first edge accommodating cavity 1512 is two. Among them, the center axis of the first edge accommodating cavity 1512 can coincide with the center axis of the elliptical hole. The number of first edge accommodating cavities 1512 in each layer of the first edge accommodating cavity 1512 is two, and the two first edge accommodating cavities 1512 are symmetrically arranged.

[0134] For example, see Fig.15 , Fig.15 for Figure 4 A top view schematic diagram of another structure of the support plate 1 of the protective structure 20 shown in FIG. The first central accommodating cavity 1511 is a square hole. The first edge accommodating cavity 1512 is a semi-annular hole, and the semi-annular hole includes three square holes connected in sequence, and the connection between two adjacent square holes is arc-shaped. The number of layers of the first edge accommodating cavity 1512 is two. The number of first edge accommodating cavities 1512 in each layer of the first edge accommodating cavity 1512 is two, and the two first edge accommodating cavities 1512 are symmetrically arranged.

[0135] In some embodiments, see Fig.16 , Fig.16 for Figure 4 A top view schematic diagram of another structure of the support plate 1 of the protective structure 20 shown in FIG. The support plate 1 is in the shape of an elongated strip, that is, the protective plate body 1A is in the shape of an elongated strip. The multiple accommodating cavities 15 also include a second group of accommodating cavities 152, a third group of accommodating cavities 153, a fourth group of accommodating cavities 154, and a fifth group of accommodating cavities 155. Along the length direction of the protective plate body 1A, the second group of accommodating cavities 152 is located on one side of the first group of accommodating cavities 151. The third group of accommodating cavities 153 is located on the side of the first group of accommodating cavities 151 that is opposite to the second group of accommodating cavities 152. Along the width direction of the protective plate body 1A, the fourth group of accommodating cavities 154 is located on one side of the first group of accommodating cavities 151, and the fifth group of accommodating cavities 155 is located on the other side of the first group of accommodating cavities 151.

[0136] In this way, more accommodating cavities 15 can be set on the protection plate body 1A to limit the heat-absorbing material through more accommodating cavities 15, so that the heat-absorbing material can be distributed more evenly on the support plate 1 to avoid excessive accumulation of the heat-absorbing material at a certain position and too little accumulation at another position, thereby affecting the overall heat absorption effect of the heat-absorbing material.

[0137] In addition, the second group of accommodating cavities 152, the third group of accommodating cavities 153, the fourth group of accommodating cavities 154 and the fifth group of accommodating cavities 155 surround the first group of accommodating cavities 151, so that the first group of accommodating cavities 151 corresponds to the center position of the battery module, so that the heat-absorbing material in the first group of accommodating cavities 151 absorbs the heat at the center position of the battery module, and the heat can be absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in the second group of accommodating cavities 152, the third group of accommodating cavities 153, the fourth group of accommodating cavities 154 and the fifth group of accommodating cavities 155 during the process of diffusing to the surroundings, thereby improving the cooling effect.

[0138] In other embodiments, only the first group of accommodating cavities 151 and the second group of accommodating cavities 152 may be provided on the protection plate body 1A, that is, the third group of accommodating cavities 153, the fourth group of accommodating cavities 154 and the fifth group of accommodating cavities 155 are not provided. In some other embodiments, only the first group of accommodating cavities 151, the second group of accommodating cavities 152 and the third group of accommodating cavities 153 may be provided on the protection plate body 1A, that is, the fourth group of accommodating cavities 154 and the fifth group of accommodating cavities 155 are not provided. The specific number of groups of accommodating cavities 15 can be set according to the length of the protection plate body 1A and the heat distribution when the battery module 10A is in thermal runaway. For example, the ratio of the length of the protection plate body 1A to the width of the protection plate body 1A is greater than or equal to 4, and less than or equal to 60. Specifically, the ratio of the length of the protection plate body 1A to the width of the protection plate body 1A can be 4, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, etc. At this time, the length of the protection plate body 1A is relatively long, and the first group of accommodating cavities 151, the second group of accommodating cavities 152 and the third group of accommodating cavities 153 can be set on the protection plate body 1A.

[0139] In some embodiments, the second group of accommodating cavities 152 includes a second central accommodating cavity 1521 and at least one layer of second edge accommodating cavities 1522 arranged around the second central accommodating cavity 1521. In this way, when the battery module 10A is in thermal runaway, the heat of the battery module 10A corresponding to the second group of accommodating cavities 152 can be quickly absorbed by the heat absorbing material in the second central accommodating cavity 1521, and the heat can be absorbed by the heat absorbing material in the second edge accommodating cavity 1522 when it diffuses to the surroundings, so that the heat can be quickly dissipated from the battery module 10A corresponding to the second group of accommodating cavities 152, thereby reducing the possibility of danger.

[0140] In some examples, the number of layers of the second edge accommodating cavity 1522 may be one layer or multiple layers. Fig.16 When the number of layers of the second edge accommodating cavities 1522 is multiple, the multiple layers of second edge accommodating cavities 1522 can be nested in sequence along the plane where the protection plate body 1A is located, that is, in any two adjacent layers of second edge accommodating cavities 1522, one layer of second edge accommodating cavities 1522 is located inside the other layer of second edge accommodating cavities 1522. The heat at the position corresponding to the second group of accommodating cavities 152 in the battery module 10A can be gradually absorbed by the heat absorbing materials in the second edge accommodating cavities 1522 of different layers in the process of dissipating to the surroundings, so as to improve the cooling effect.

[0141] The number of second edge accommodating chambers 1522 in each layer may be one, in which case the second edge accommodating chamber 1522 extends along the circumference of the second central accommodating chamber 1521. The number of second edge accommodating chambers 1522 in each layer may also be multiple, in which case the multiple second edge accommodating chambers 1522 in each layer of second edge accommodating chambers 1522 may be arranged at intervals along the circumference of the second central accommodating chamber 1521. Each second edge accommodating chamber 1522 may also extend along the circumference of the second central accommodating chamber 1521.

[0142] The second central accommodating cavity 1521 may be a circular hole, an elliptical hole, a polygonal hole, a spherical polygonal hole, etc., so that the heat absorbing material can be evenly distributed at the center of the area where the second group of accommodating cavities 152 are located, thereby improving the heat absorption effect of the heat absorbing material. In addition, the second central accommodating cavity 1521 may also be an arc-shaped hole, a fan-shaped hole, an irregularly shaped hole, etc.

[0143] The second edge accommodating cavity 1522 may be an arc-shaped hole, an annular hole, a semi-annular hole, etc., so that the heat absorbing material can be distributed more evenly in the second group of accommodating cavities 152 as a whole, thereby improving the heat absorbing effect of the heat absorbing material. In addition, the second edge accommodating cavity 1522 may also be a circular hole, an elliptical hole, an arc-shaped hole, a polygonal hole, a spherical polygonal hole, a fan-shaped hole, an irregularly shaped hole, etc.

[0144] For example, please refer to Fig.16 The second edge accommodating chamber 1522 has multiple layers, specifically, three layers. Each layer of the second edge accommodating chamber 1522 includes a first arc-shaped accommodating chamber 1522A and a second arc-shaped accommodating chamber 1522B arranged along the circumference of the second central accommodating chamber 1521. The first arc-shaped accommodating chamber 1522A and the second arc-shaped accommodating chamber 1522B are symmetrically arranged.

[0145] In this way, since the first arc-shaped receiving cavity 1522A and the second arc-shaped receiving cavity 1522B are arc-shaped, and the first arc-shaped receiving cavity 1522A and the second arc-shaped receiving cavity 1522B are symmetrically arranged, after the heat-absorbing material is accommodated in the first arc-shaped receiving cavity 1522A and the second arc-shaped receiving cavity 1522B, the heat-absorbing material in the second group of receiving cavities 152 is relatively uniform as a whole, and the heat at the corresponding positions of the battery module 10A and the second group of receiving cavities 152 can be evenly absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in the first arc-shaped receiving cavity 1522A and the second arc-shaped receiving cavity 1522B during the process of diffusing to the surroundings, thereby improving the heat absorption effect.

[0146] The first arc-shaped receiving cavity 1522A and the second arc-shaped receiving cavity 1522B can be arranged along the length direction of the protection plate body 1A. In this way, one of the first arc-shaped receiving cavity 1522A and the second arc-shaped receiving cavity 1522B can be close to the first group of central receiving cavities 15, so that the heat absorbing material in the second group of receiving cavities 152 can be closer to the first group of central receiving cavities 15, and the heat diffused from the first group of central receiving cavities 15 to the surroundings can be more quickly absorbed by the heat absorbing material in the second group of receiving cavities 152, so as to improve the heat absorption efficiency.

[0147] The first arc-shaped receiving cavity 1522A and the second arc-shaped receiving cavity 1522B can also be arranged along the width direction of the protection plate 1A. In this way, the heat of the battery module 10A and the corresponding position of the second group of receiving cavities 152 can be absorbed and diffused more quickly in the width direction of the protection plate 1A, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0148] In some embodiments, the third group of accommodating cavities 153 includes a third central accommodating cavity 1531 and at least one layer of third edge accommodating cavities 1532 arranged around the third central accommodating cavity 1531. In this way, when the battery module 10A is in thermal runaway, the heat of the battery module 10A corresponding to the third group of accommodating cavities 153 can be quickly absorbed by the heat absorbing material in the third central accommodating cavity 1531, and the heat can be absorbed by the heat absorbing material in the third edge accommodating cavity 1532 when it diffuses to the surroundings, so that the heat can be quickly dissipated from the position corresponding to the third group of accommodating cavities 153 in the battery module 10A, thereby reducing the possibility of danger.

[0149] In some examples, the third edge accommodating cavity 1532 may have one layer or multiple layers. Fig.16When the third edge accommodating chamber 1532 has multiple layers, the multiple layers of third edge accommodating chamber 1532 can be nested in sequence along the plane where the protection plate body 1A is located, that is, in any two adjacent layers of third edge accommodating chamber 1532, one layer of third edge accommodating chamber 1532 is located inside the other layer of third edge accommodating chamber 1532. The heat at the position corresponding to the third group of accommodating chambers 153 in the battery module 10A can be gradually absorbed by the heat absorbing materials in the third edge accommodating chambers 1532 of different layers in the process of diffusing to the surroundings, so as to improve the cooling effect.

[0150] The number of the third edge accommodating chamber 1532 in each layer may be one, in which case the third edge accommodating chamber 1532 extends along the circumference of the third central accommodating chamber 1531. The number of the third edge accommodating chamber 1532 in each layer may also be multiple, in which case the multiple third edge accommodating chambers 1532 in each layer of the third edge accommodating chamber 1532 may be arranged at intervals along the circumference of the third central accommodating chamber 1531. Each third edge accommodating chamber 1532 may also extend along the circumference of the third central accommodating chamber 1531.

[0151] The third central accommodating cavity 1531 may be a circular hole, an elliptical hole, a polygonal hole, a spherical polygonal hole, etc., so that the heat absorbing material can be evenly distributed in the center of the area where the third group of accommodating cavities 153 are located, thereby improving the heat absorbing effect of the heat absorbing material. In addition, the third central accommodating cavity 1531 may also be an arc-shaped hole, a fan-shaped hole, an irregularly shaped hole, etc.

[0152] The third edge accommodating cavity 1532 may be an arc hole, an annular hole, a semi-annular hole, etc., so that the heat absorbing material can be distributed more evenly in the third group of accommodating cavities 153 as a whole, so as to improve the heat absorption effect of the heat absorbing material. In addition, the third edge accommodating cavity 1532 may also be a circular hole, an elliptical hole, an arc hole, a polygonal hole, a spherical polygonal hole, a fan-shaped hole, an irregularly shaped hole, etc.

[0153] For example, please refer to Fig.16 The third edge accommodating chamber 1532 has multiple layers, specifically, three layers. Each layer of the third edge accommodating chamber 1532 includes a third arc-shaped accommodating chamber 1532A and a fourth arc-shaped accommodating chamber 1532B arranged along the circumference of the third central accommodating chamber 1531. The third arc-shaped accommodating chamber 1532A and the fourth arc-shaped accommodating chamber 1532B are symmetrically arranged.

[0154] In this way, since the third arc-shaped receiving cavity 1532A and the fourth arc-shaped receiving cavity 1532B are arc-shaped, and the third arc-shaped receiving cavity 1532A and the fourth arc-shaped receiving cavity 1532B are symmetrically arranged, after the heat-absorbing material is accommodated in the third arc-shaped receiving cavity 1532A and the fourth arc-shaped receiving cavity 1532B, the heat-absorbing material in the third group of receiving cavities 153 is relatively uniform as a whole, and the heat at the position corresponding to the battery module 10A and the third group of receiving cavities 153 can be evenly absorbed by the heat-absorbing material in the third arc-shaped receiving cavity 1532A and the fourth arc-shaped receiving cavity 1532B during the process of diffusing to the surroundings, thereby improving the heat absorption effect.

[0155] The third arc-shaped receiving cavity 1532A and the fourth arc-shaped receiving cavity 1532B can be arranged along the length direction of the protection plate body 1A. In this way, one of the third arc-shaped receiving cavity 1532A and the fourth arc-shaped receiving cavity 1532B can be closer to the first group of central receiving cavities 15, so that the heat absorbing material in the third group of receiving cavities 153 can be closer to the first group of central receiving cavities 15, and the heat diffused from the first group of central receiving cavities 15 to the surroundings can be more quickly absorbed by the heat absorbing material in the third group of receiving cavities 153, so as to improve the heat absorption efficiency.

[0156] The third arc-shaped receiving cavity 1532A and the fourth arc-shaped receiving cavity 1532B can also be arranged along the width direction of the protection plate body 1A. In this way, the heat of the battery module 10A and the corresponding position of the third group of receiving cavities 153 can be absorbed and diffused more quickly in the width direction of the protection plate body 1A, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0157] In some embodiments, please refer to Fig.16 , the fourth group of accommodating cavities 154 includes at least one first accommodating cavity 1541, and at least one first accommodating cavity 1541 is arranged at intervals along the width direction of the protection plate body 1A. That is to say, the number of first accommodating cavities 1541 can be one, and in this case, the first accommodating cavity 1541 is located on one side of the first group of accommodating cavities 151 in the width direction of the protection plate body 1A. The number of first accommodating cavities 1541 can also be multiple, and in this case, the multiple first accommodating cavities 1541 are all located on one side of the first group of accommodating cavities 151 in the width direction of the support plate 1, and are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the protection plate body 1A.

[0158] For example, the first accommodating cavity 1541 may be in the shape of an elongated strip, and the length direction of the first accommodating cavity 1541 is consistent with the length of the protective plate body 1A. The first accommodating cavity 1541 may be an elliptical hole, a rectangular hole, a trapezoidal hole, an arc hole, or an irregularly shaped hole.

[0159] The fifth group of accommodating chambers 155 includes at least one second accommodating chamber 1551, and at least one second accommodating chamber 1551 is arranged at intervals along the width direction of the protection plate body 1A. That is, the number of the second accommodating chamber 1551 can be one, and in this case, the second accommodating chamber 1551 is located on the side of the first group of accommodating chambers 151 that is opposite to the first accommodating chamber 1541. The number of the second accommodating chambers 1551 can also be multiple, and in this case, the multiple second accommodating chambers 1551 are all located on the side of the first group of accommodating chambers 151 that is opposite to the first accommodating chamber 1541, and are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the protection plate body 1A.

[0160] For example, the second accommodating cavity 1551 may be in the shape of an elongated strip, and the length direction of the second accommodating cavity 1551 is consistent with the length of the protective plate body 1A. The second accommodating cavity 1551 may be an elliptical hole, a rectangular hole, a trapezoidal hole, an arc hole, or an irregularly shaped hole.

[0161] By providing at least one first accommodating cavity 1541 in the fourth group of accommodating cavities 154 and at least one second accommodating cavity 1551 in the fifth group of accommodating cavities 155, the heat diffused from the first group of accommodating cavities 151 along the width direction of the protection plate body 1A can be gradually absorbed by the heat absorbing material in the first accommodating cavity 1541 and the heat absorbing material in the second accommodating cavity 1551, so as to improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0162] In addition, through the above-mentioned setting of the accommodating cavity 15, the heat-absorbing materials in different accommodating cavities 15 will not interfere with each other, so that different heat-absorbing materials can be set in different accommodating cavities 15 according to the heat distribution at different positions of the battery module 10A, so as to absorb the heat at different positions of the battery module 10A according to the heat absorption performance of different heat-absorbing materials, thereby improving the heat absorption efficiency of the battery module 10A.

[0163] In some embodiments, the heat absorbing material may be at least one of a phase change material and a chemical heat storage material. That is, a containing cavity 15 may contain a single heat absorbing material or a mixture of multiple heat absorbing materials.

[0164] Exemplarily, the phase change material can be at least one of a hydrated salt phase change material, an organic phase change material, a molten salt phase change material, a metal phase change material, and an alloy phase change material. Among them, the hydrated salt phase change material can be LiClO3·3H2O, NH4Cl·Na2SO4·10H2O, K2HPO4·6H2O, NaCl·Na2SO4·10H2O, KF·4H2O, K2HPO4·4H2O, FeBr3·6H2O, Mn(NO3)2·6H2O, LiBO2·8H2O, CaCl2·6H2O, CaCl2·12H2O, LiNO3·3H2O, LiNO3·2H2O, Na2SO4·10H2O, Na2CO3·10H2O, KFe(SO4)2·12H2O, CaBr2· 6H2O, LiBr·2H2O, Na2HPO4·12H2O, Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, Mn(NO3)2·4H2O, FeCl3·6H2O, CaCl2·4H2O, CuSO4·7H2O, KF·2H2O, MgI2·8H2O, CaI 2·6H2O, Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, Zn(NO3)2·4H2O, K3PO4·7H2O, K2HPO4·7H2O, Fe(NO3)3·9H2O, Mg(NO3)2·4H2O, Na2SiO3·5H2O, Na2SiO3·4H2O, Na2HPO4·7H2O, Na2S2O3·5H2O, K2HPO4·3H2O, MgSO4·7H2O, Ca(NO3)2·3H2O, Na(NO3)2·6H2O, Zn(NO3)2·2H2O, FeCl3·2H2O, Co(NO3)2· 6H2O, Ni(NO3)2·6H2O, MnCl2·4H2O, CH3COONa·3H2O, LiC2H3O2·2H2O, MgCl2·4H2O, NaOH·H2O, Cd(NO3)2·4H2O, Cd(NO3)2·H2O, Fe(NO3) 2·6H2O, NaAl(SO4)2·12H2O, NaAl(SO4)2·10H2O, FeSO4·7H2O, Na3PO4·12H2O, LiCH3COO·2H2O, Na2P2O7·10H2O, Al(NO3)2·9H2O, Ba(O At least one of H)2·8H2O, Al2(SO4)3·18H2O, Sr(OH)2·8H2O, Mg(NO3)2·6H2O, KAl(SO4)2·12H2O, (NH4)Al(SO4)·6H2O, LiCl·H2O, and MgCl2·6H2O.

[0165] The organic phase change material can be at least one of glycolic acid, p-bromophenol, azobenzene, acrylic acid, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, phenylacetic acid, allyl thiourea, D-3 camphor balls, benamine, tetramethylbenzene, acetamide, methyl p-bromobenzoate, 1-naphthol, glutaric acid, dichlorop-xylene, methyl fumarate, catechol, quinone, acetanilide, erythritol, succinic anhydride, benzoic acid, stilbene compounds, benzamide, phenacetin, p-aminotoluene, benzaldehyde phenylhydrazone, salicylic acid, phenylanilide, D-mannitol, hydroquinone, and p-aminobenzoic acid.

[0166] The molten salt phase change material can be at least one of LiNO3 / KCl, LiNO3 / NaNO3, KNO3 / NaNO3, LiNO3 / NaCl, NaNO3 / KNO3, LiNO3 / diatomaceous earth, NaNO3 / CuO, NaNO3 / EP, KNO3 / diatomaceous earth, Li2CO3 / Na2CO3 / K2CO3, NaCl / CaCl2 / MgCl2, MgCl2 / NaCl, MgCl2 / KCl, Li2CO3 / K2CO3, LiCO3 / K2CO3, Na2CO3 / Li2CO3, Li2CO3 / K2CO3, NaCl / Na2CO3, Na2CO3 / NaCl, Na2SO4 / diatomaceous earth, and Na2SO4 / SiC ceramic foam.

[0167] The chemical heat storage material can be at least one of Ni(OH)2, Mg(OH)2, MgH2, Co3O4, PbCO3, NH4HSO4, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, CaCO3, BaO2, and Ba(OH)2.

[0168] When the battery pack 300 experiences thermal runaway, in order to dissipate the heat more quickly, the probability of danger can be further reduced. Fig.17 , Fig.17 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the top structure of the support plate 1 shown in FIG. At least part of the multiple accommodating cavities 15 are connected to form an exhaust flow channel 156. The exhaust flow channel 156 extends to the edge of the protective plate body 1A. Specifically, the exhaust flow channel 156 extends to the edge of the support plate 1. The heat-absorbing material (not shown in the figure) includes a decomposition material (not shown in the figure), which is accommodated in the exhaust flow channel 156, and the decomposition material can decompose non-flammable gas when heated. Exemplarily, the decomposition material can be a urea structure compound, a carbonate, a sulfate, an organic compound, and the like. For example, the decomposition material can be zinc carbonate (ZnCO3), which can be decomposed into zinc oxide (MgO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) at a temperature of 300°C. The decomposition material can also be magnesium carbonate, which can be decomposed into magnesium oxide (MgO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) at a temperature of 500°C.

[0169] By connecting at least part of the multiple accommodating cavities 15 to form an exhaust channel 156, and arranging decomposition materials in the exhaust channel 156, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 300, the decomposition materials in the exhaust channel 156 can absorb part of the heat, and the decomposition materials can decompose into non-flammable gases at high temperatures. The pressure of the non-flammable gases is also high at high temperatures, and they can be quickly discharged to the outside of the protective structure 20 through the exhaust channel 156. The flow of the non-flammable gas can quickly take away the heat, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the battery pack 300 and further reducing the probability of danger.

[0170] In order to make the non-combustible gas produced by the decomposition of the decomposition material take away more heat, please continue to refer to Fig.17 In some embodiments, part of the first arc-shaped receiving cavity 1522A is a first connecting hole 1522C. Exemplarily, the first arc-shaped receiving cavity 1522A in the outermost second edge receiving cavity 1522 is a first connecting hole 1522C. Part of the second arc-shaped receiving cavity 1522B is a second connecting hole 1522D. Exemplarily, the second arc-shaped receiving cavity 1522B in the outermost second edge receiving cavity 1522 is a second connecting hole 1522D. Part of the third arc-shaped receiving cavity 1532A is a third connecting hole 1532C. Exemplarily, the third arc-shaped receiving cavity 1532A in the outermost third edge receiving cavity 1532 is a third connecting hole 1532C. Part of the fourth arc-shaped receiving cavity 1532B is a fourth connecting hole 1532D. Exemplarily, the fourth arc-shaped receiving cavity 1532B in the outermost third edge receiving cavity 1532 is a fourth connecting hole 1532D.

[0171] The first connecting hole 1522C is connected to the third connecting hole 1532C through part of the first accommodating chamber 1541. That is, the first connecting hole 1522C can be connected to the third connecting hole 1532C through one first accommodating chamber 1541, and the first connecting hole 1522C can also be connected to the third connecting hole 1532C through multiple parallel first accommodating chambers 1541. The second connecting hole 1522D is connected to the fourth connecting hole 1532D through part of the second accommodating chamber 1551. That is, the second connecting hole 1522D can be connected to the fourth connecting hole 1532D through one second accommodating chamber 1551, and the second connecting hole 1522D can also be connected to the fourth connecting hole 1532D through multiple parallel second accommodating chambers 1551.

[0172] The protection plate body 1A is further provided with a first exhaust hole 16 and a second exhaust hole 17. The first exhaust hole 16 is connected to the first connecting hole 1522C and penetrates to the edge of the protection plate body 1A. The second exhaust hole 17 is connected to the second connecting hole 1522D and penetrates to the edge of the protection plate body 1A. Specifically, the first exhaust hole 16 can penetrate to one side surface of the support plate 1 in the length direction, or to one side surface of the support plate 1 in the width direction. The second exhaust hole 17 can penetrate to one side surface of the support plate 1 in the length direction, or to one side surface of the support plate 1 in the width direction.

[0173] In this way, the third connecting hole 1532C, the first accommodating chamber 1541 connecting the first connecting hole 1522C and the third connecting hole 1532C, the first connecting hole 1522C and the first exhaust hole 16 form an exhaust flow channel 156. The fourth connecting hole 1532D, the first accommodating chamber 1541 connecting the second connecting hole 1522D and the fourth connecting hole 1532D, the second connecting hole 1522D and the second exhaust hole 17 form another exhaust flow channel 156. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack 300, the non-flammable gas generated by the decomposition material in the above two exhaust flow channels 156 can take away part of the heat of the first group of accommodating chambers 151, the second group of accommodating chambers 152, the third group of accommodating chambers 153, the fourth group of accommodating chambers 154 and the fifth group of accommodating chambers 155 during the flow process, thereby taking away more heat and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the protection structure 20.

[0174] In some examples, there is a part of the accommodating cavity 15 on the protective plate body 1A where the exhaust flow channel 156 is not formed, and a second heat absorbing material can be set in the part of the accommodating cavity 15. The second heat absorbing material can absorb heat and will not decompose gas after being heated. For example, the second heat absorbing material can be a phase change material. At this time, the non-combustible gas decomposed by the decomposition material under heat can also take away part of the heat in the accommodating cavity 15 where the second heat absorbing material is set during the flow of the exhaust flow channel 156.

[0175] For some examples, see Fig.17 The third communication hole 1532C includes a first hole segment 1532E and a second hole segment 1532F arranged along the circumference of the third central accommodating chamber 1531. The first hole segment 1532E is connected to the first communication hole 1522C through a first accommodating chamber 1541, and the second hole segment 1532F is connected to the first communication hole 1522C through another first accommodating chamber 1541. The fourth communication hole 1532D includes a third hole segment 1532M and a fourth hole segment 1532N arranged along the circumference of the third central accommodating chamber 1531. The third hole segment 1532M is connected to the second communication hole 1522D through a second accommodating chamber 1551, and the fourth hole segment 1532N is connected to the second communication hole 1522D through another second accommodating chamber 1551.

[0176] In this way, a plurality of exhaust channels 156 can be formed on both sides of the first group of accommodating cavities 151 along the width direction of the protective plate body 1A, and the decomposed material is heated to generate non-flammable gas which flows in the plurality of exhaust channels 156. During the flow process, the heat of the first group of accommodating cavities 151, the second group of accommodating cavities 152 and the third group of accommodating cavities 153 can be quickly taken away. At the same time, the heat exchange plane is disturbed to enhance the plane heat exchange, thereby further quickly reducing the heat at the center of the battery module 10A to reduce the probability of danger.

[0177] In some embodiments, the heat absorbing material is used to more reasonably absorb the heat generated by the battery module 10A during thermal runaway. Fig.18 , Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution relationship of the first heated area S1, the second heated area S2 and the third heated area S3 in the support plate 1. The protection plate body 1A includes the first heated area S1, the second heated area S2 and the third heated area S3. Specifically, the support plate 1 includes the first heated area S1, the second heated area S2 and the third heated area S3. The temperature of the heat source corresponding to the first heated area S1 is greater than the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the second heated area S2, and the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the second heated area S2 is greater than the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the third heated area S3. Specifically, the first heated area S1 is used to correspond to the center position of the battery pack.

[0178] The second heated area S2 is arranged along the circumference of the first heated area S1, and the third heated area S3 is arranged along the circumference of the second heated area S2. That is to say, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery module 10A of the battery pack 300, the first heated area S1 accumulates the most heat and has the highest temperature. The heat accumulated in the second heated area S2 is less than that in the first heated area S1, and the temperature is lower. The third heated area S3 is close to the edge of the support plate 1 and has faster heat dissipation. Compared with the first heated area S1 and the second heated area S2, the third heated area S3 accumulates the least heat and has the lowest temperature.

[0179] In this way, heat absorbing materials with different heat absorbing properties are arranged in the accommodating cavity 15 of the first heating area S1, the accommodating cavity 15 of the second heating area S2 and the accommodating cavity 15 of the third post-heating area to balance the cooling requirements of the first heating area S1, the second heating area S2 and the third heating area S3.

[0180] Specifically, in some examples, the absolute value of the enthalpy of the endothermic material located in the first heated area S1 is greater than the absolute value of the enthalpy of the endothermic material located in the second heated area S2, and the absolute value of the enthalpy of the endothermic material located in the second heated area S2 is greater than the absolute value of the enthalpy of the endothermic material located in the third heated area S3. For example, the endothermic material of the first heated area can be magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2), wherein the absolute value of the enthalpy of magnesium hydroxide is 924.4 kJ / mol. The endothermic material of the second heated area S2 can be potassium permanganate (KMnO4), wherein the absolute value of the enthalpy of potassium permanganate is 813.4 kJ / mol. The endothermic material of the third heated area S3 can be sodium hydroxide, wherein the absolute value of the enthalpy of sodium hydroxide is 44.51 kJ / mol.

[0181] In this way, the heat absorption material located in the first heated area S1 has better heat absorption performance and can better absorb the heat at the center of the battery module 10A. The heat absorption performance of the heat absorption material located in the second heated area S2 is slightly worse than that of the heat absorption material in the first heated area S1, and it only needs to absorb the heat of the corresponding position of the battery module 10A and the second heated area S2. The heat absorption performance of the heat absorption material located in the third heated area S3 is the worst compared to the heat absorption material in the first heated area S1 and the heat absorption material in the second heated area S2, and it only needs to absorb the heat of the corresponding position of the battery module 10A and the third heated area S3. In this way, heat absorption materials with different absolute enthalpy values ​​can be reasonably set at different positions of the support plate 1 according to the heat absorption requirements of different positions of the battery module 10A to improve the heat absorption performance of the protective structure 20.

[0182] It should be noted that enthalpy is an important state parameter in thermodynamics that characterizes the energy of a material system. For endothermic materials, the absolute value of the enthalpy value reflects the heat absorption performance of the endothermic material. The larger the absolute value of the enthalpy value, the better the heat absorption performance.

[0183] In some examples, the content of the heat absorbing material in the first heated area S1 is greater than the content of the heat absorbing material in the second heated area S2, and the content of the heat absorbing material in the second heated area S2 is greater than the content of the heat absorbing material in the third heated area S3. The content of the heat absorbing material can be measured by indicators such as mass, volume, and thickness.

[0184] Through the above arrangement, the heat at the center of the battery module 10A can be more absorbed by the heat absorbing material of the first heating area S1, and the heat absorbing material of the second heating area S2 and the heat absorbing material of the third heating area S3 can also meet the heat absorption requirements of the corresponding positions. It can also avoid the redundancy of the heat absorbing material of the second heating area S2 and the third heating area S3, which causes waste of materials.

[0185] In some examples, along the thickness direction of the protection plate body 1A, the thickness of the heat absorbing material at different positions on the protection plate body 1A may be the same or different. Exemplarily, along the thickness direction of the protection plate body 1A, the thickness of the heat absorbing material is greater than or equal to 0.02 mm and less than or equal to 1.6 mm. For example, the thickness of the heat absorbing material may be 0.02 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.08 mm, 1 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, etc. Setting the thickness of the heat absorbing material within the above range can not only ensure the heat absorption effect of the heat absorbing material, but also avoid waste caused by excessive heat absorbing material.

[0186] In some embodiments, in order to more accurately divide the first heated area S1, the second heated area S2 and the third heated area S3, so as to improve the heat absorption effect of the protective structure 20. The length of the protective plate body 1A is b, and the width of the protective plate body 1A is a. It should be noted that the protective plate body 1A is in the shape of a long strip, and the shape of the protective plate body 1A can be a rectangle, a trapezoid, a parallelogram, an ellipse or an irregular shape. At this time, in the length direction of the protective plate body 1A, the maximum dimension of the protective plate body 1A is the length of the protective plate body 1A; in the width direction of the protective plate body 1A, the maximum dimension of the protective plate body 1A is the width of the protective plate body 1A.

[0187] Please continue reading Fig.18 , when 0 The area formed by a circle with a radius of is the first heated area S1; the area formed by an ellipse with the geometric center of the protection plate body 1A as the center, 0.36a as the minor semi-axis, and (3*b / a-1) / 6*a as the major semi-axis is the first elliptical area, and the part of the first elliptical area that is left after removing the part of the first heated area S1 located in the first elliptical area is the second heated area S2; the part of the protection plate body 1A that is left after removing the first heated area S1 and the second heated area S2 is the third heated area S3.

[0188] See also Fig.19 , Fig.19 ​It is a schematic diagram of the distribution relationship between the first heated area S1, the second heated area S2 and the third heated area S3 in the support plate 1. When 4≤b / a≤60, for example, when b / a is 4, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, etc., the area formed by the ellipse with the geometric center of the protection plate body 1A as the center, 0.5a as the short semi-axis, and 0.18b as the long semi-axis is the first heated area S1; the area formed by the ellipse with the geometric center of the protection plate body 1A as the center, 0.75a as the short semi-axis, and 0.26b as the long semi-axis is the second elliptical area, and the remaining part of the second elliptical area after removing the part of the first heated area S1 located in the second elliptical area is the second heated area S2; the remaining part of the protection plate body 1A after removing the first heated area S1 and the second heated area S2 is the third heated area S3.

[0189] The first heated area S1, the second heated area S2 and the third heated area S3 determined in the above manner can more accurately make the first heated area S1 correspond to the position where the temperature accumulates more when the battery module 10A has thermal runaway (named as the first position), the second heated area S2 corresponds to the position where the temperature accumulates less relative to the first position when the battery module 10A has thermal runaway (named as the second position), and the third heated area corresponds to the area where the temperature accumulation is the least relative to the first position and the second position when the battery module 10A has thermal runaway, so that the protective structure 20 can better absorb heat.

[0190] Also, see Fig. 20 , Fig. 20 2 is a temperature-time relationship diagram of the protective structure in the related art and the protective structure 20 of the present application under the same conditions. The protective structure 20 in the related art and the protective structure 20 of the present application have the same thickness, the same mass of heat absorbing material, and are both placed in an insulating environment. One side of the protective structure 20 in the thickness direction is heated at the same temperature for the same time, and the temperature change of the other side is detected.

[0191] from Fig. 20 It can be seen that as the heating time changes, the temperature rise rate of the protection structure 20 of the present application is significantly lower than that of the protection structure 20 in the related art, and at the same temperature, the temperature of the protection structure 20 of the present application is also significantly lower than that of the protection structure 20 in the related art. It can be seen that the protection structure 20 of the present application has a high thermal insulation effect and can better protect the battery module 10A.

[0192] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A protective structure, It is characterized in that include: A protection plate body (1A), wherein a plurality of accommodating cavities (15) are provided in the protection plate body (1A), the plurality of accommodating cavities (15) are arranged in a plane where the protection plate body (1A) is located, and the plurality of accommodating cavities (15) are arranged at intervals; Heat absorbing material, the heat absorbing material being accommodated in the plurality of accommodating cavities (15); At least some of the multiple accommodating cavities (15) are connected to form an exhaust flow channel (156), and the exhaust flow channel (156) passes through to the edge of the protection plate body (1A); The heat absorbing material comprises a decomposition material, the decomposition material is contained in the exhaust flow channel (156), and the decomposition material can decompose into non-combustible gas when heated.

2. The protective structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The multiple accommodating cavities (15) include a first group of accommodating cavities (151), the first group of accommodating cavities (151) including a first central accommodating cavity (1511) and at least one layer of first edge accommodating cavities (1512) arranged around the first central accommodating cavity (1511), the first central accommodating cavity (1511) being located at the geometric center of the protective plate body (1A).

3. The protective structure according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The number of layers of the first edge accommodating cavities (1512) is multiple, and the multiple layers of the first edge accommodating cavities (1512) are nested in sequence along the length direction of the protection plate body (1A) on the plane where the protection plate body (1A) is located.

4. The protective structure according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The protective plate body (1A) is in the shape of a long strip; The plurality of accommodating cavities (15) further include a second group of accommodating cavities (152), and along the length direction of the protection plate body (1A), the second group of accommodating cavities (152) are located on one side of the first group of accommodating cavities (151); The second group of accommodating cavities (152) comprises a second central accommodating cavity (1521) and at least one layer of second edge accommodating cavities (1522) arranged around the second central accommodating cavity (1521).

5. The protective structure according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The plurality of accommodating cavities (15) further include a third group of accommodating cavities (153), wherein the third group of accommodating cavities (153) is located on a side of the first group of accommodating cavities (151) that is opposite to the second group of accommodating cavities (152); The third group of accommodating cavities (153) comprises a third central accommodating cavity (1531) and at least one layer of third edge accommodating cavities (1532) arranged around the third central accommodating cavity (1531).

6. The protective structure according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The ratio of the length of the protection plate body (1A) to the width of the protection plate body (1A) is greater than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 60.

7. The protective structure according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The plurality of accommodating cavities (15) further comprise a fourth group of accommodating cavities (154) and a fifth group of accommodating cavities (155); along the width direction of the protection plate body (1A), the fourth group of accommodating cavities (154) is located on one side of the first group of accommodating cavities (151), and the fifth group of accommodating cavities (155) is located on the other side of the first group of accommodating cavities (151); The fourth group of accommodating cavities (154) comprises at least one first accommodating cavity (1541), and the at least one first accommodating cavity (1541) is arranged at intervals along the width direction of the protection plate body (1A); the fifth group of accommodating cavities (155) comprises at least one second accommodating cavity (1551), and the at least one second accommodating cavity (1551) is arranged at intervals along the width direction of the protection plate body (1A).

8. The protective structure according to claim 7, It is characterized in that Each layer of the second edge accommodating cavity (1522) comprises a first arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1522A) and a second arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1522B) arranged along the circumference of the second central accommodating cavity (1521), and the first arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1522A) and the second arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1522B) are symmetrically arranged; Each layer of the third edge accommodating cavity (1532) comprises a third arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1532A) and a fourth arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1532B) arranged along the circumference of the third central accommodating cavity (1531), and the third arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1532A) and the fourth arc-shaped accommodating cavity (1532B) are symmetrically arranged.

9. The protective structure according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The first arc-shaped receiving cavity (1522A) and the second arc-shaped receiving cavity (1522B) are arranged along the length direction of the protection plate body (1A), or the first arc-shaped receiving cavity (1522A) and the second arc-shaped receiving cavity (1522B) are arranged along the width direction of the protection plate body (1A); The third arc-shaped receiving cavity (1532A) and the fourth arc-shaped receiving cavity (1532B) are arranged along the length direction of the protection plate body (1A), or the third arc-shaped receiving cavity (1532A) and the fourth arc-shaped receiving cavity (1532B) are arranged along the width direction of the protection plate body (1A).

10. The protective structure according to claim 8, It is characterized in that Part of the first arc-shaped receiving cavity (1522A) is a first communicating hole (1522C), part of the second arc-shaped receiving cavity (1522B) is a second communicating hole (1522D), part of the third arc-shaped receiving cavity (1532A) is a third communicating hole (1532C), and part of the fourth arc-shaped receiving cavity (1532B) is a fourth communicating hole (1532D); The first communicating hole (1522C) is communicated with the third communicating hole (1532C) through a portion of the first accommodating cavity (1541); the second communicating hole (1522D) is communicated with the fourth communicating hole (1532D) through a portion of the second accommodating cavity (1551); The protection plate body (1A) is further provided with a first exhaust hole (16) and a second exhaust hole (17); the first exhaust hole (16) is connected to the first connecting hole (1522C) and passes through to the edge of the protection plate body (1A); the second exhaust hole (17) is connected to the second connecting hole (1522D) and passes through to the edge of the protection plate body (1A).

11. The protective structure according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The third communication hole (1532C) comprises a first hole segment (1532E) and a second hole segment (1532F) arranged along the circumference of the third central accommodating cavity (1531), the first hole segment (1532E) being connected to the first communication hole (1522C) via one of the first accommodating cavities (1541), and the second hole segment (1532F) being connected to the first communication hole (1522C) via another of the first accommodating cavities (1541); The fourth connecting hole (1532D) comprises a third hole segment (1532M) and a fourth hole segment (1532N) arranged along the circumference of the third central accommodating cavity (1531); the third hole segment (1532M) is connected to the second connecting hole (1522D) via one of the second accommodating cavities (1551); and the fourth hole segment (1532N) is connected to the second connecting hole (1522D) via another of the second accommodating cavities (1551).

12. The protective structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, It is characterized in that The protective plate body (1A) comprises a first heating area (S1), a second heating area (S2) and a third heating area (S3), the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the first heating area (S1) is greater than the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the second heating area (S2), the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the second heating area (S2) is greater than the temperature of the heat source corresponding to the third heating area (S3); the second heating area (S2) is arranged along the circumference of the first heating area (S1), and the third heating area (S3) is arranged along the circumference of the second heating area (S2); The absolute value of the enthalpy value of the endothermic material located in the first heated area (S1) is greater than the absolute value of the enthalpy value of the endothermic material located in the second heated area (S2), and the absolute value of the enthalpy value of the endothermic material located in the second heated area (S2) is greater than the absolute value of the enthalpy value of the endothermic material located in the third heated area (S3); and / or the content of the endothermic material located in the first heated area (S1) is greater than the content of the endothermic material located in the second heated area (S2), and the content of the endothermic material located in the second heated area (S2) is greater than the content of the endothermic material located in the third heated area (S3).

13. The protective structure according to claim 12, It is characterized in that The length of the protection plate body (1A) is b, and the width of the protection plate body (1A) is a; When 0 The area formed by a circle with a radius of is the first heated area (S1); the area formed by an ellipse with the geometric center of the protection plate body (1A) as the center, 0.36a as the minor semi-axis, and (3*b / a-1) / 6*a as the major semi-axis is the first elliptical area; the part of the first elliptical area remaining after removing the part of the first heated area (S1) located in the first elliptical area is the second heated area (S2); the part of the protection plate body (1A) remaining after removing the first heated area (S1) and the second heated area (S2) is the third heated area (S3);​ When 4≤b / a≤60, the area formed by an ellipse with the geometric center of the protection plate body (1A) as the center, 0.5a as the minor semi-axis, and 0.18b as the major semi-axis is the first heated area (S1); the area formed by an ellipse with the geometric center of the protection plate body (1A) as the center, 0.75a as the minor semi-axis, and 0.26b as the major semi-axis is the second elliptical area, and the part of the second elliptical area that is left after removing the part of the first heated area (S1) located in the second elliptical area is the second heated area (S2); the part of the protection plate body (1A) that is left after removing the first heated area (S1) and the second heated area (S2) is the third heated area (S3).

14. The protective structure according to claim 12, It is characterized in that The heat absorbing material includes at least one of a phase change material and a chemical heat storage material.

15. The protective structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, It is characterized in that Along the thickness direction of the protection plate body (1A), the thickness of the heat absorbing material is greater than or equal to 0.02 mm and less than or equal to 1.6 mm.

16. The protective structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, It is characterized in that The protective plate body (1A) comprises: A support plate (1), the support plate (1) comprising a first surface (11) and a second surface (12) facing each other, the first surface (11) being provided with a plurality of accommodating holes (15A) recessed toward the second surface (12); the heat absorbing material being accommodated in the plurality of accommodating holes (15A); A first barrier layer (2), the first barrier layer (2) being arranged on the first surface (11) and covering the plurality of accommodating holes (15A).

17. The protective structure according to claim 16, It is characterized in that The accommodating hole (15A) penetrates to the second surface (12); The protective plate body (1A) further comprises a second barrier layer (3), wherein the second barrier layer (3) is arranged on the second surface (12) and covers the plurality of accommodating holes (15A).

18. The protective structure according to claim 17, It is characterized in that The first barrier layer (2) comprises: A first heat insulation layer (21), the first heat insulation layer (21) being connected to the support plate (1); A first radiation blocking layer (22), the first radiation blocking layer (22) being connected to a side of the first heat insulation layer (21) facing away from the support plate (1).

19. The protective structure according to claim 18, It is characterized in that The material of the first radiation blocking layer (22) includes at least one of inverse spinel metal oxide, aluminum, copper, silver, and aluminum oxide.

20. The protective structure according to claim 18, It is characterized in that Along the thickness direction of the support plate (1), the thickness of the first heat insulation layer (21) is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 11 mm.

21. The protective structure according to claim 18, It is characterized in that Along the thickness direction of the support plate (1), the thickness of the first radiation blocking layer (22) is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 0.9 mm.

22. The protective structure according to claim 17, It is characterized in that The support plate (1) comprises: A plate body (13), the plate body (13) comprising the first surface (11) and the second surface (12); A plurality of clamping members (14), the plurality of clamping members (14) being connected to the plate body (13); the clamping member (14) comprising a first clamping portion (141) and a second clamping portion (142); A plurality of the first clamping portions (141) surround the first barrier layer (2) and are clamped with the first barrier layer (2), and a plurality of the second clamping portions (142) surround the second barrier layer (3) and are clamped with the second barrier layer (3).

23. The protective structure according to claim 22, It is characterized in that The first clamping portion (141) comprises: A first positioning plate (1411), wherein the first positioning plate (1411) is located on one side of the first barrier layer (2) along a first direction, and a projection of the first barrier layer (2) partially overlaps with a projection of the first positioning plate (1411), and the first direction is perpendicular to a thickness direction of the plate body (13); A first limiting plate (1412), the first limiting plate (1412) is connected to the first positioning plate (1411) and is located on a side of the first barrier layer (2) facing away from the plate body (13).

24. The protective structure according to claim 22, It is characterized in that Along the thickness direction of the plate body (13), a positioning protrusion (1413) is formed on the side of the first clamping portion (141) facing away from the plate body (13), and a positioning groove (1423) is formed on the side of the second clamping portion (142) facing away from the plate body (13), and the positioning protrusion (1413) of one protective structure can be clamped into the positioning groove (1423) of another protective structure.

25. A battery pack, It is characterized in that The battery pack comprises: Battery assembly (10); The protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the protection structure is connected to the battery assembly (10).

26. The battery pack according to claim 25, It is characterized in that The battery assembly (10) comprises a plurality of battery modules (10A) arranged at intervals, and at least one protective structure is provided between any two adjacent battery modules (10A).

27. An electrical device, It is characterized in that include: Equipment body; The battery pack according to any one of claims 25-26, wherein the battery pack is connected to the device body.

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