Battery protection circuit, battery assembly, electronic device, and control method

Abstract

The application provides a battery protection circuit, comprising: a first battery sampling module, a battery protection unit, a main control unit and a main switch unit; the first battery sampling module is used for sampling the current flowing through the main switch unit and the voltage of the battery to obtain first battery sampling information; the battery protection unit is connected with the first battery sampling module to receive the first battery sampling information; the battery protection unit is also connected with an abnormal reference voltage; the main control unit is connected with the battery protection unit and the main switch unit; the main switch unit is used for controlling whether the battery supplies power to a system circuit; wherein the main control unit also obtains the current flowing through the main switch unit and the voltage of the battery; based on the obtained information, the main control unit is used for evaluating the current state of the battery; and according to the current state of the battery, the first battery sampling information received by the battery protection unit or the abnormal reference voltage is changed. The application also provides a battery assembly, an electronic device and a control method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery protection, and more particularly to a battery protection circuit, battery assembly, electronic device, and control method. Background Technology

[0002] Batteries are widely used in electronic devices such as mobile phones and tablets to provide a more flexible operating environment, freeing them from the constraints of sockets and power supply cables. Generally, batteries are equipped with a battery protection circuit electrically connected to them, which protects against abnormal conditions such as overcharging or over-discharging.

[0003] Specifically, the battery protection circuit internally includes overcharge reference voltage, over-discharge reference voltage, and overcurrent reference voltage. These reference voltages are fixed after being set and cannot be adjusted. When the battery voltage reaches the overcharge or over-discharge reference voltage, the battery protection circuit controls the corresponding charging or discharging circuit to disconnect. Similarly, when the charging or discharging current exceeds the overcurrent reference voltage, the battery protection circuit also controls the corresponding charging or discharging circuit to disconnect. This configuration protects the battery.

[0004] However, the reference voltages of existing battery protection circuits are fixed and cannot be adjusted according to changes in battery state. As the battery is used, the battery protection circuit cannot match the battery well and cannot protect the battery effectively, which will affect the battery life. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of this application is to provide a battery protection circuit, a battery component, an electronic device, and a control method, addressing the shortcomings of the prior art. At least one reference voltage of the battery protection circuit can be adjusted directly or indirectly based on the current state of the battery.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the first aspect of this application provides a battery protection circuit, comprising:

[0007] The system includes a power supply terminal, a power ground terminal, a first battery sampling module, a battery protection unit, a main control unit, and a main switch unit. The power supply terminal and the power ground terminal are connected to the battery. The first battery sampling module samples the current flowing through the main switch unit and the battery voltage to obtain first battery sampling information. The battery protection unit is connected to the first battery sampling module to receive the first battery sampling information. The battery protection unit also connects to an abnormal reference voltage and is used to protect the battery. The main control unit is connected to the battery protection unit and the main switch unit, and the main switch unit controls whether the battery supplies power to the system circuit.

[0008] The main control unit also obtains information characterizing the current flowing through the main switching unit and the battery voltage. Based on the obtained information, the main control unit evaluates the current state of the battery and changes the first battery sampling information or abnormal reference voltage received by the battery protection unit according to the current state of the battery.

[0009] Optionally, the battery protection circuit includes a reference voltage generation module connected to the battery protection unit. The reference voltage generation module generates an abnormal reference voltage for the battery protection unit. The reference voltage generation module is also connected to the main control unit, which controls the reference voltage generation module to adjust the abnormal reference voltage output to the battery protection unit.

[0010] Optionally, the reference voltage generation module includes a reference voltage source, a first voltage divider resistor, and a second voltage divider resistor. One end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the reference voltage source. The first and second voltage divider resistors are connected in series. One end of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply ground. The connection point between the first and second voltage divider resistors is used to output the abnormal reference voltage. The second voltage divider resistor includes K series-connected second voltage divider sub-resistors and K second switches. The K second voltage divider resistors are connected in parallel with the K second switches. The control terminals of the K second switches are connected to the main control unit. The main control unit controls the K second switches to be turned on or off based on the current state of the battery. K is greater than or equal to 3, and the resistance values ​​of the second voltage divider resistors are different for different current states of the battery to output different abnormal reference voltages; or...

[0011] The main control unit includes a reference voltage source, a first voltage divider resistor, a second voltage divider resistor, and the main control unit. One end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the reference voltage source. The first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor are connected in series. One end of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply ground terminal. The position where the first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor are connected is used to output the abnormal reference voltage. The second voltage divider resistor includes K second voltage divider sub-resistors and K second switches. The K second voltage divider resistors are connected in series with the K second switches to form K branches. The K branches are connected in parallel. The control terminals of the K second switches are connected to the main control unit. The main control unit controls the K second switches to be turned on or off based on the current state of the battery. K is greater than or equal to 3. The resistance values ​​of the second voltage divider resistors are different for different current states of the battery to output different abnormal reference voltages.

[0012] Optionally, the main control unit includes a reference voltage source, a first voltage divider resistor, and a second voltage divider resistor. One end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the reference voltage source. The first and second voltage divider resistors are connected in series. One end of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply ground. The connection point between the first and second voltage divider resistors is used to output the abnormal reference voltage. The first voltage divider resistor includes J first voltage divider sub-resistors and J first switches. The J first voltage divider resistors are connected in parallel with the J first switches. The control terminals of the J first switches are connected to the main control unit. The main control unit controls the conduction or disconnection of the J first switches based on the current state of the battery. J is greater than or equal to 3. The resistance value of the second voltage divider resistor is different for different current states of the battery to output different abnormal reference voltages; or...

[0013] The main control unit includes a reference voltage source, a first voltage divider resistor, and a second voltage divider resistor. One end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the reference voltage source. The first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor are connected in series. One end of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply ground terminal. The position where the first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor are connected is used to output the abnormal reference voltage. The first voltage divider resistor includes J first voltage divider sub-resistors and J first switches. The J first voltage divider resistors are connected in series with the J first switches to form J branches. The J branches are connected in parallel. The control terminals of the J first switches are connected to the main control unit. The main control unit controls the conduction or disconnection of the J first switches based on the current state of the battery. J is greater than or equal to 3. The resistance values ​​of the first voltage divider resistors are different for different current states of the battery to output different abnormal reference voltages.

[0014] Optionally, the main control unit is connected to the first battery sampling module, and the main control unit controls the first battery sampling module based on the current state of the battery to adjust the first battery sampling information output to the battery protection unit.

[0015] Optionally, the first battery sampling module includes a third voltage divider resistor and a fourth voltage divider resistor, wherein the third and fourth voltage divider resistors are connected in series, the third voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply terminal, and the fourth voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply ground terminal. The position where the third and fourth voltage divider resistors are connected is used to output the first battery sampling information. The third voltage divider resistor includes N third voltage divider sub-resistors and N third switches. The N third voltage divider resistors are connected in series with the N third switches to form N branches, and the N branches are connected in parallel. The control terminals of the N third switches are all connected to the main control unit. The main control unit controls the N third switches to be turned on or off based on the current state of the battery, wherein N is greater than or equal to 3, and the resistance value of the third voltage divider resistor is different for different current states of the battery to adjust the output of the first battery sampling information; or...

[0016] The first battery sampling module includes a third voltage divider resistor and a fourth voltage divider resistor. The third and fourth voltage divider resistors are connected in series. The third voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply terminal, and the fourth voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply ground terminal. The position where the third and fourth voltage divider resistors are connected is used to output the first battery sampling information. The third voltage divider resistor includes N third voltage divider sub-resistors connected in series and N third switches. The N third voltage divider resistors are connected in parallel with the N third switches. The control terminals of the N third switches are connected to the main control unit. The main control unit controls the N third switches to be turned on or off based on the current state of the battery. N is greater than or equal to 3. The resistance value of the third voltage divider resistor is different for different current states of the battery to adjust the output of the first battery sampling information.

[0017] Optionally, the first battery sampling module includes a third voltage divider resistor and a fourth voltage divider resistor. The third and fourth voltage divider resistors are connected in series. The third voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply terminal, and the fourth voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply ground terminal. The connection point between the third and fourth voltage divider resistors is used to output the first battery sampling information. The fourth voltage divider resistor includes M fourth voltage divider sub-resistors and M fourth switches. The M fourth voltage divider resistors are connected in series with the M fourth switches to form M branches. The M branches are connected in parallel. The control terminals of the M fourth switches are all connected to the main control unit. The main control unit controls the M fourth switches to be turned on or off based on the current state of the battery. M is greater than or equal to 3. The resistance values ​​of the fourth voltage divider resistors are different for different current states of the battery to adjust the output of the first battery sampling information; or...

[0018] The first battery sampling module includes a third voltage divider resistor and a fourth voltage divider resistor. The third voltage divider resistor and the fourth voltage divider resistor are connected in series. The third voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply terminal, and the fourth voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply ground terminal. The position where the third voltage divider resistor and the fourth voltage divider resistor are connected is used to output the first battery sampling information. The fourth voltage divider resistor includes M fourth voltage divider sub-resistors connected in series and M fourth switches. The M fourth voltage divider resistors are connected in parallel with the M fourth switches. The control terminals of the M fourth switches are connected to the main control unit. The main control unit controls the M fourth switches to be turned on or off based on the current state of the battery. M is greater than or equal to 3. The resistance value of the fourth voltage divider resistor is different for different current states of the battery to adjust the output of the first battery sampling information.

[0019] Optionally, the main control unit is connected to the first battery sampling module to obtain the first battery sampling information. The main control unit uses the first battery sampling information to evaluate the current state of the battery and controls the first battery sampling module according to the current state of the battery to adjust the first battery sampling information output to the battery protection unit.

[0020] Optionally, the battery protection circuit includes a compensation unit, which is connected to the first battery sampling module and the main control unit respectively. The compensation unit receives the first battery sampling information and compensates the first battery sampling information according to the current state of the battery. The compensated first battery sampling information is output to the main control unit. The main control unit uses the first battery sampling information to evaluate the current state of the battery and changes the first battery sampling information received by the battery protection unit according to the current state of the battery.

[0021] Optionally, the first battery sampling information includes a second sampling voltage, which is used to characterize the battery voltage. The main control unit controls the first battery sampling module based on the current state of the battery to adjust the second sampling voltage output to the battery protection unit.

[0022] Optionally, the battery protection circuit includes a third memory connected to the main control unit. The third memory stores multiple evaluation models, which correspond to batteries in different current states. The main control unit calls the corresponding evaluation model to run according to the current state of the battery. The main control unit evaluates the current state of the battery based on the first battery sampling information and controls the first battery sampling module to change the first battery sampling information received by the battery protection unit according to the current state of the battery.

[0023] Optionally, the battery protection circuit includes a second battery sampling module, which is used to sample the current flowing through the main switching unit and the battery voltage to obtain second battery sampling information. The main control unit is connected to the second battery sampling module to obtain the second battery sampling information. The main control unit uses the second battery sampling information to evaluate the current state of the battery and changes the first battery sampling information or abnormal reference voltage received by the battery protection unit according to the current state of the battery.

[0024] Optionally, the main control unit performs calculations and evaluations based on information representing the current flowing through the main switching unit and the battery voltage to obtain a first intermediate value. This first intermediate value includes at least one of the following: battery charge / discharge cycles, charge / discharge rate, power consumption pattern, remaining battery capacity, battery degradation level, and battery internal resistance. The main control unit evaluates and obtains the current state of the battery based on this first intermediate value. Based on the current state of the battery, the main control unit controls the first battery sampling module or changes the abnormal reference voltage. Alternatively,

[0025] The battery protection circuit is located on the same chip; or...

[0026] The battery protection circuit, excluding the main switch unit, has its components located on one chip, while the main switch unit is located on another chip.

[0027] A second aspect of this application provides a battery assembly, including:

[0028] Battery;

[0029] The battery protection circuit described above is connected to the battery.

[0030] A third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0031] System circuitry;

[0032] The aforementioned battery protection circuit or the aforementioned battery assembly;

[0033] The system circuit is connected to the battery via the main switch unit of the battery protection circuit.

[0034] A fourth aspect of this application provides a control method for a battery protection circuit, including:

[0035] Obtain battery sampling information, wherein the battery sampling information is used to characterize the current flowing through the main switching unit and to characterize the battery voltage, and the battery protection circuit includes the main switching unit, which is used to control whether the battery supplies power to the system circuit;

[0036] The current state of the battery is assessed based on battery sampling information;

[0037] The battery protection circuit changes the first battery sampling information or abnormal reference voltage received by the battery protection unit according to the current state of the battery. The battery protection unit is used to protect the battery.

[0038] In this embodiment, the battery protection circuit dynamically adjusts the abnormal reference voltage directly or indirectly based on the battery's current state, achieving intelligent adjustment of the abnormal reference voltage. This ensures the abnormal reference voltage matches the battery's current actual condition, preventing issues like battery life being affected by a mismatch between the abnormal reference voltage of the battery protection unit and the battery. Furthermore, the battery protection circuit designed in this embodiment has computational capabilities. The main control unit of the battery protection circuit synthesizes the current battery state based on the calculation results and adjusts the abnormal reference voltage directly or indirectly according to the current battery state. With this setup, the battery protection circuit itself can obtain the current battery state without the intervention or cooperation of external components, which helps reduce the cost and complexity of peripheral components. Moreover, only improvements or replacements to the battery protection circuit are needed; no modifications to other components are required, facilitating simple implementation and rapid deployment. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a circuit block diagram of the electronic device according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a detailed circuit block diagram of the electronic device according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 3a This is a circuit diagram showing the connection between a first battery sampling module, a battery protection unit, and a main control unit according to the first embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 3b This is a circuit diagram showing the connection between another first battery sampling module, battery protection unit, and main control unit according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 3c This is a circuit diagram showing the connection between a first battery sampling module, a battery protection unit, and a main control unit, according to another embodiment of the first application.

[0045] Figure 3d This is a circuit diagram showing the connection between the first battery sampling module, the battery protection unit, and the main control unit in another embodiment of the first application.

[0046] Figure 4a This is a circuit diagram showing the connection between a first battery sampling module, a battery protection unit, and a main control unit according to another embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 4b This is a circuit diagram showing the connection between another first battery sampling module, battery protection unit, and main control unit according to another embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a partial circuit block diagram of the battery protection circuit according to the second embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a partial circuit block diagram of the battery protection circuit according to the third embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a partial circuit block diagram of the battery protection circuit according to the fourth embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of a control method for a battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, appearing in this application specification, claims, and drawings, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or modules is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used to distinguish different objects and are not used to describe a specific order. Connections in this application include direct connections and indirect connections. An indirect connection refers to the presence of other electronic components, pins, etc., between the two connected components. The XX pin mentioned in this application may or may not be an actual pin, such as simply a pin of a component or a pin of a wire. The mention of "and / or including" in this application includes three cases, such as A and / or B, including A, B, and A and B.

[0054] First Embodiment

[0055] This application provides an electronic device, such as a mobile phone or tablet computer. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 1 The electronic device includes a battery assembly and a system circuit 300, the system circuit 300 being connected to the battery assembly, the battery assembly being used to power the system circuit 300.

[0056] In this embodiment, the battery assembly includes a battery 110 and a battery protection circuit 200. The battery protection circuit 200 is electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery 110. The system circuit 300 is electrically connected to the battery protection circuit 200. The battery 110 supplies power to the battery protection circuit 200, and the battery protection circuit 200 protects the battery 110, for example, when the battery 110 is overcharged or over-discharged. Since how the battery protection circuit 200 protects the battery 110 from overcharging and over-discharging is a common technical means in the art, it will not be described in detail here. In this embodiment, the number of batteries 110 is one or more, preferably one. When there are multiple batteries 110, they can be connected in parallel, in series, or in a combination of series and parallel connections. The battery 110 is preferably a lithium battery 110, and its capacity is, for example, 1000mAh-15000mAh, such as 1000mAh, 2000mAh, 3000mAh, 4000mAh, 5000mAh, 6000mAh, 7000mAh, 8000mAh, 9000mAh, 10000mAh, 11000mAh, 12000mAh, or 13000mAh.

[0057] 14000mAh, 15000mAh, etc. In this embodiment, a fifth resistor R5 and a first capacitor C1 are also provided between the battery 110 and the battery protection circuit 200. The fifth resistor R5 and the first capacitor C1 are used for filtering. In other embodiments of this application, other circuits or electronic components may also be provided between the battery 110 and the battery protection circuit 200. Furthermore, in other embodiments of this application, the fifth resistor R5 and the first capacitor C1 may not be provided.

[0058] In this embodiment, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The battery protection circuit 200 includes a power supply terminal VDD, a power ground terminal GND, a battery protection unit 220, a main control unit 230, and a main switch unit 240.

[0059] In this embodiment, the power supply terminal VDD and the power ground terminal GND are used to connect to the positive and negative terminals of the battery 110, so that the battery 110 can supply power to the battery protection circuit 200. At the same time, the battery 110 forms a loop through the battery protection circuit 200 and the system circuit 300 to supply power to the system circuit 300.

[0060] In this embodiment, the battery protection unit 220 is used to control the battery 110 to stop charging and discharging when an abnormality in charging or discharging is detected during the charging and discharging process of the battery 110, thereby protecting the battery 110. In this embodiment, the battery protection circuit 200 protects the battery 110 from overcharging, over-discharging, and overcurrent during charging / discharging, preventing permanent damage to the battery 110. In this embodiment, the battery protection unit 220 includes an overcharge protection unit 221, an over-discharge protection unit 222, and an overcurrent protection unit 223. In other embodiments of this application, the battery protection unit 220 includes one or two of the overcharge protection unit 221, over-discharge protection unit 222, and overcurrent protection unit 223.

[0061] The overcharge protection unit 221 is used to protect the battery 110 when it detects that the battery 110 voltage is too high during the charging process, such as stopping the charging of the battery 110, to prevent the battery 110 from being damaged or having safety problems.

[0062] The over-discharge protection unit 222 is used to protect the battery 110 when the battery voltage is detected to be too low during the discharge process. For example, it controls the battery 110 to only discharge to a minimum. Generally, it stops supplying power to the system circuit 300 to prevent the battery 110 from being over-discharged and causing permanent damage to the battery 110.

[0063] The overcurrent protection unit 223 is used to protect the battery 110 when it detects that the discharge current or charging current is too large during the discharge or charging process of the battery 110. For example, the battery 110 stops discharging or charging, to prevent the battery 110 from being permanently damaged or having safety problems due to excessive discharge or charging current.

[0064] In this embodiment, one end of the main switch unit 240 is connected to the negative terminal (illustrated as an example in the figure) or the positive terminal of the battery 110, and the other end of the main switch unit 240 is connected to the system circuit 300 via the system terminal VM. The control terminal of the main switch unit 240 is connected to the main control unit 230, and the main control unit 230 is connected to the battery protection unit 220. The main control unit 230 controls the main switch unit 240 to turn on or off, thereby controlling the battery 110 to supply power to or stop supplying power to the system circuit 300. In this embodiment, the main switch unit 240 includes a switching transistor and a substrate control circuit. The switching transistor is a MOSFET, and its control terminal is electrically connected to the main control unit 230. The substrate control circuit is also electrically connected to the main control unit 230 and is used to correctly bias the substrate of the switching transistor. However, this application is not limited to this. In other embodiments of this application, the main switch unit 240 may further include a charging switch and a discharging switch, wherein the charging switch and the discharging switch are connected in series, both of which are MOSFETs, and the control terminals of the charging switch and the discharging switch are electrically connected to the main control unit 230 respectively. Furthermore, in other embodiments of this application, the main switch unit 240 may also have other implementations, such as including only one switching transistor. In this embodiment, the main switch unit 240 is used to control the battery 110 to supply power to the system circuit 300, specifically by forming a loop through the battery 110, the system circuit 300, and the battery protection circuit 200 to supply power to the battery protection circuit 200. Specifically, the control terminal of the main switch unit 240 is electrically connected to the main control unit 230. One end of the main switch unit 240 is used to connect to the battery 110, for example, directly or indirectly to the negative or positive terminal of the battery 110. The other end of the main switch unit 240 is electrically connected to the system circuit 300 via the system terminal. Thus, the battery 110, the system circuit 300, and the main switch unit 240 form a power supply circuit. The battery protection circuit 200 can control whether the battery 110 supplies power to the system circuit 300 by controlling the main switch unit 240.

[0065] In this embodiment, the battery protection circuit 200 further includes a first battery sampling module 210, which is used to sample and obtain first battery sampling information, including a first sampling voltage V1, a second sampling voltage, etc. In this embodiment, the first battery sampling module 210 includes a detection terminal JC, which is connected to the second end of the detection resistor Rj. The first end of the detection resistor Rj is also connected to the battery 110, and in this embodiment, it is connected to the negative terminal of the battery 110. The second end of the detection resistor Rj is also connected to one end of the main switch unit 240. In this embodiment, the main switch unit 240 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery 110 via the detection resistor Rj. Thus, the detection resistor Rj is located in the main circuit formed by the battery 110, the battery protection circuit 200, and the system circuit 300. The first battery sampling module 210 can obtain a first sampling voltage V1 through the detection terminal JC and the detection resistor Rj. The first sampling voltage V1 is used to characterize the real-time current flowing through the detection resistor Rj. The current flowing through the detection resistor Rj is the same as the current flowing through the main switch unit 240. Therefore, the first sampling voltage V1 also characterizes the current flowing through the main switch unit 240, that is, it characterizes the current flowing through the main circuit. In other embodiments of this application, one end of the detection resistor Rj can also be connected to the positive terminal of the battery 110, and the first sampling voltage V1 can be obtained through the detection terminal JC. In other embodiments of this application, the detection resistor Rj can also be located in other positions, as long as it is located in the main circuit. In other embodiments of this application, the first battery sampling module 210 can also obtain the first sampling voltage V1 in other ways. For example, one end of the main switch unit 240 can be connected to the negative or positive terminal of the battery 110, and the detection terminal JC (which coincides with the system terminal) can be connected to the other end of the main switch unit 240. The voltage at the detection terminal JC is the first sampling voltage V1, which characterizes the voltage on the main switch unit 240. In this embodiment, the first sampling voltage V1 is the voltage at the detection terminal JC or is obtained by processing the voltage at the detection terminal JC. The first sampling voltage V1 characterizes the voltage on the detection resistor Rj. In this embodiment, the first battery sampling module 210 is also connected to the power supply terminal VDD to obtain a second sampling voltage, which is used to characterize the real-time voltage of the battery 110.

[0066] In this embodiment, the battery protection unit 220 is connected to the first battery sampling module 210 and is used to acquire the first sampling voltage V1 and the second sampling voltage. Simultaneously, the battery protection unit 220 also acquires an abnormal reference voltage, which may be, for example, at least one of the following: an overcharge reference voltage Vcu, an over-discharge reference voltage Vcl, and an overcurrent reference voltage Vcc. In this embodiment, the overcharge protection unit 221 acquires the overcharge reference voltage Vcu, the over-discharge protection unit 222 acquires the over-discharge reference voltage Vcl, and the overcurrent protection unit 223 acquires the overcurrent reference voltage Vcc. In this embodiment, the overcharge protection unit 221 compares the second sampled voltage with the overcharge reference voltage Vcu in real time. When the second sampled voltage is greater than or equal to the overcharge reference voltage Vcu, the overcharge protection unit 221 outputs an overcharge signal to the main control unit 230, and the main control unit 230 controls the main switch unit 240 to turn off and stop charging. The over-discharge protection unit 222 compares the second sampled voltage with the over-discharge reference voltage Vcl in real time. When the second sampled voltage is less than or equal to the over-discharge reference voltage Vcl, the over-discharge protection unit 222 outputs an over-discharge signal to the main control unit 230, and the main control unit 230 controls the main switch unit 240 to turn off and stop discharging. The overcurrent protection unit 223 compares the first sampled voltage V1 with the overcurrent reference voltage Vcc in real time. When the first sampled voltage V1 is greater than or equal to the overcurrent reference voltage Vcc, the overcurrent protection unit 223 outputs an overcurrent signal to the main control unit 230, and the main control unit 230 controls the main switch unit 240 to turn off and stop discharging or stopping charging. When the battery protection unit 220 includes an overcharge protection unit 221 and an over-discharge protection unit 222, the second sampling voltage may include a second first sampling sub-voltage V21 and a second second sampling voltage V22. Figure 2 (Using this as an example for explanation), the second sampling sub-voltage V21 and the second sampling sub-voltage V22 are different. The second sampling sub-voltage V21 is used to output to the overcharge protection unit 221, and the second sampling sub-voltage V22 is used to output to the over-discharge protection unit 222. At this time, the overcharge reference voltage Vcu and the over-discharge reference voltage Vcl can be the same or different. Alternatively, the same second sampling voltage can be output to both the overcharge protection unit 221 and the over-discharge protection unit 222, that is, the second sampling sub-voltage V21 and the second sampling sub-voltage V22 are the same. At this time, the overcharge reference voltage Vcu and the over-discharge reference voltage Vcl are different.

[0067] In this embodiment, the main control unit 230 is also connected to the first battery sampling module 210 to obtain first battery sampling information. The main control unit 230 in this embodiment has calculation and arithmetic functions. In this embodiment, the main control unit 230 obtains the first battery sampling information and performs calculations and evaluations based on the obtained first battery sampling information to obtain a first intermediate value. The first intermediate value includes, for example, indicators such as the number of charge / discharge cycles, charge / discharge rate, power consumption pattern, remaining battery power, battery degradation degree, and battery internal resistance of the battery 110. The main control unit 230 comprehensively evaluates the current state of the battery 110 based on the first intermediate value. For example, it evaluates the current state of the battery 110 based on two indicators of the first intermediate value (the table below uses the number of charge / discharge cycles and battery degradation degree as examples for comprehensive evaluation). The current state of the battery 110 is divided into 5 levels, for example, AAAAA, AAAA, AAA, AA, and A. An example is shown in Table 1 below. In this embodiment, the main control unit 230 evaluates the current state of the battery 110 based on at least two indicators of the first intermediate value. The more indicators based on the first intermediate value, the more accurate the evaluation of the current state of the battery 110.

[0068] Table 1

[0069]

[0070] In the table above, both indicators of the first intermediate value must be met to satisfy the current state of the corresponding battery 110. For example, if the number of charge-discharge cycles falls between 200 and 500, and the battery degradation is still within 5%, then the current state of battery 110 is still AAAAA. When the battery degradation falls between 5% and 10%, and the number of charge-discharge cycles falls between 200 and 500 or more, then the current state of battery 110 changes from AAAAA to AAAA. Furthermore, in other embodiments of this application, the main control unit 230 can also evaluate the state of battery 110 using other more complex algorithms. For example, it may use two indicators with different weights, calculate a comprehensive score, and reach the corresponding state when the comprehensive score falls within a certain range.

[0071] In this embodiment, after the main control unit 230 obtains the current state of the battery 110, the main control unit 230 directly or indirectly adjusts the abnormal reference voltage. For example, initially, the main control unit 230 does not directly adjust the abnormal reference voltage (initial) by default, nor does it change the first battery sampling information (indirect adjustment). As the battery 110 is used, the current state of the battery 110 will then become AAAA, and the main control unit 230 will control the reduction of the initial abnormal reference voltage by 1% (direct adjustment). For example, it may reduce the initial overcharge reference voltage Vcu by 1%, the initial over-discharge reference voltage Vcl by 1%, and the initial overcurrent reference voltage Vcc by 1%. The initial abnormal reference voltage refers to the battery's... The abnormal reference voltage corresponding to the battery 110 when it is brand new or newly used, or the initial first battery sampling information is adjusted upwards (indirectly), to achieve the effect of relatively lowering the initial abnormal reference voltage by 1%. As the battery 110 continues to be used, its current state will change to AAA, and the main control unit 230 will control the initial abnormal reference voltage to be lowered by 2%. As the battery 110 continues to be used, its current state will change to AA, and the main control unit 230 will control the initial abnormal reference voltage to be lowered by 3%. As the battery 110 continues to be used, its current state will change to A, and the main control unit 230 will control the initial abnormal reference voltage to be lowered by 5%. This embodiment dynamically adjusts the abnormal reference voltage to correspond to the state of the battery 110, which is beneficial for protecting the battery 110. In addition, in other embodiments of this application, the abnormal reference voltage can also be directly or indirectly increased as needed, so that the battery protection unit 220 can better match the needs of protecting the battery 110.

[0072] Generally speaking, as the battery 110 is used normally, its performance will gradually decrease. For example, the full charge voltage of the battery 110 will gradually decrease, the overcurrent value that damages the battery 110 will gradually decrease, and the internal resistance of the battery 110 will gradually increase. In order to match the protection of the battery 110 with its performance, in this embodiment, as the battery 110 is used, the initial overcharge reference voltage Vcu is directly or indirectly lowered. This ensures that even if the full charge voltage of the battery 110 decreases after a period of use, the overcharge reference voltage Vcu is also lowered, preventing the battery 110 from being overcharged before triggering overcharge protection, thus protecting the battery 110. The initial over-discharge reference voltage Vcu is also directly or indirectly lowered as the battery 110 is used. The over-discharge reference voltage Vcl ensures that even if the performance of battery 110 deteriorates after a period of use, such as an increase in its internal resistance, the over-discharge protection will not be triggered prematurely because the over-discharge reference voltage Vcl is also lowered. This prevents a sharp shortening of the battery 110's discharge time, ensuring normal use for the user. Furthermore, by directly or indirectly lowering the overcurrent reference voltage Vcc (regardless of charging or discharging overcurrent) as battery 110 is used, it ensures that even if the performance of battery 110 deteriorates after a period of use, such as a decrease in the overcurrent value that could damage battery 110, the overcurrent reference voltage Vcc will also be lowered, preventing a situation where the main circuit current is high but the overcurrent protection has not yet been triggered, thus protecting battery 110.

[0073] This embodiment dynamically adjusts the abnormal reference voltage directly or indirectly based on the current state of the battery 110, achieving intelligent adjustment of the abnormal reference voltage. This ensures that the abnormal reference voltage matches the current actual condition of the battery 110, preventing the battery 110's lifespan from being affected due to a mismatch between the abnormal reference voltage of the battery protection unit 220 and the battery 110. Furthermore, the battery protection circuit 200 designed in this embodiment has computational capabilities. The main control unit 230 of the battery protection circuit 200 comprehensively obtains the current state of the battery 110 based on the calculation results and directly or indirectly adjusts the abnormal reference voltage accordingly. With this setup, the battery protection circuit 200 itself can obtain the current state of the battery 110 without the intervention or cooperation of external components, which helps reduce the cost and complexity of peripheral components. Moreover, only improvements to the battery protection circuit 200 or replacement with a new battery protection circuit 200 are needed; no modifications to other components are required, facilitating simple implementation and rapid deployment.

[0074] In this embodiment, the main control unit 230 controls the overcharge reference voltage Vcu, over-discharge reference voltage Vcl, and overcurrent reference voltage Vcc to be adjusted directly or indirectly, as shown in Table 1 above. However, this application is not limited to this. In other embodiments of this application, the main control unit 230 may also control the adjustment of only one or two of the overcharge reference voltage Vcu, over-discharge reference voltage Vcl, and overcurrent reference voltage Vcc.

[0075] Please refer to the above. Figure 2 and Figure 3a In this embodiment, the first battery sampling module 210 includes a third voltage divider resistor R3 and a fourth voltage divider resistor R4. The third voltage divider resistor R3 and the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 are connected in series. The third voltage divider resistor R3 is connected to the power supply terminal VDD, and the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 is connected to the power ground terminal GND. The connection point of the third voltage divider resistor R3 and the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 is used to output the second sampling voltage. The main control unit 230 is connected to either the third voltage divider resistor R3 or the fourth voltage divider resistor R4. In this embodiment, the main control unit 230 indirectly adjusts the abnormal reference voltage. When it is necessary to lower the overcharge / overdischarge reference voltage Vcl, the resistance value of the third voltage divider resistor R3 can be lowered or the resistance value of the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 can be increased. This increases the second sampling voltage while keeping the overcharge / overdischarge reference voltage Vcl unchanged. This is equivalent to indirectly reducing the overcharge / overdischarge reference voltage Vcl. In this embodiment, the resistance values ​​of the third voltage divider resistor R3 and the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 are much larger than the resistance value of the fifth resistor R5. Therefore, the influence of the resistance value of the fifth resistor R5 on the second sampling voltage can be ignored, and voltage divider sampling can reduce sampling power consumption. Furthermore, in this embodiment, other components, such as other resistors, may exist between the third voltage divider resistor R3 and the fifth resistor R5, between the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 and the power supply ground terminal GND, and between the third voltage divider resistor R3 and the fourth voltage divider resistor R4.

[0076] To indirectly reduce the overcharge / over-discharge reference voltage Vcl by lowering the value of the third voltage divider resistor R3 or increasing the value of the fourth voltage divider resistor R4, one implementation method of this embodiment can be found in [link to implementation]. Figure 3aHere, the resistance value of the third voltage divider resistor R3 is reduced, while the resistance value of the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 remains unchanged. Specifically, the third voltage divider resistor R3 includes N third voltage divider sub-resistors and N third switches K3. The N third voltage divider resistors are respectively the third first voltage divider resistor R31, the third second voltage divider resistor R32, ..., the third nth voltage divider resistor R3n. The N third switches K3 are respectively the third first switch K31, the third second switch K32, ..., the third nth switch K3n. Among them, the third first voltage divider resistor R31 and the third first switch K31 are connected in series to form the third branch, the third second voltage divider resistor R32 and the third second switch K32 are connected in series to form the third second branch, the third third voltage divider resistor and the third third switch are connected in series to form the third third branch, ..., the third The n-th voltage divider resistor R3n is connected in series with the third n-th switch K3n to form the third n-th branch. The third branch, the third second branch, the third third branch, ... the third n-th branch are connected in parallel to form the third voltage divider resistor R3. The control terminals of the third first switch K31, the third second switch K32, ..., and the third n-th switch K3n are all connected to the main control unit 230. The main control unit 230 can control the conduction and cutoff of the third first switch K31, the third second switch K32, ..., and the third n-th switch K3n. The third first switch K31, the third second switch K32, ..., and the third n-th switch K3n can be, for example, transistors, field-effect transistors, etc. In this embodiment, the third voltage divider resistor R31 > the third second voltage divider resistor R32 > ... > the third nth voltage divider resistor R3n. By setting the values ​​of the third voltage divider resistors R31, R32, ..., and R3n, the main control unit 230 controls the corresponding third switch K3 to turn on, thereby obtaining the desired second sampling voltage. For example, the resistance value of the third voltage divider resistor is R3, and the resistance value of the third second voltage divider resistor is R3*(1-1 / 2) n The resistance of the third divider resistor is R3*(1-1 / 2). n-1 The resistance of the third nth voltage divider resistor is R3*(1-1 / 2). 2In the initial state, the main control unit 230 controls the third switch K31 to be turned on, while the other switches are turned off. At this time, the third voltage divider resistor R31 and the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 are connected in series, and the second sampling voltage is at its minimum. As the battery 110 is used, the main control unit 230 controls the third switch K32 to be turned on, while the other switches are turned off. At this time, the third voltage divider resistor R32 and the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 are connected in series, and the second sampling voltage increases, which is equivalent to the overcharge / over-discharge reference voltage Vcl decreasing. As the battery 110 continues to be used, the main control unit 230 controls the third switch K32 to be turned on, while the other switches are turned off. At this time, the third voltage divider resistor R31 and the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 are connected in series, and the second sampling voltage increases, which is equivalent to the overcharge / over-discharge reference voltage Vcl decreasing. When resistor R4 is connected in series, the second sampling voltage continues to increase, which is equivalent to the overcharge / over-discharge reference voltage Vcl continuing to decrease. As the battery 110 continues to be used, the main control unit 230 controls the third and fourth switches to be turned on, while the other switches are turned off. At this time, the third and fourth voltage divider resistors are connected in series with the fourth voltage divider resistor R4, and the second sampling voltage continues to increase, which is equivalent to the overcharge / over-discharge reference voltage Vcl continuing to decrease. As the battery 110 continues to be used, the main control unit 230 controls the third and fifth switches to be turned on, while the other switches are turned off. At this time, the third and fifth voltage divider resistors are connected in series with the fourth voltage divider resistor R4, and the second sampling voltage reaches its maximum, which is equivalent to the overcharge / over-discharge reference voltage Vcl reaching its minimum. In addition, in other embodiments of this application, the main control unit 230 can also control multiple third switches K3 to be turned on, so that the corresponding branches are connected in parallel, in order to further reduce the resistance value of the third voltage divider resistor R3, thereby increasing the second sampling voltage, which is equivalent to decreasing the overcharge / over-discharge reference voltage Vcl. In this embodiment, n is greater than or equal to 3, preferably greater than or equal to 5.

[0077] To achieve a decrease in the resistance value of the third voltage divider resistor R3 or an increase in the resistance value of the fourth voltage divider resistor R4, please refer to another implementation method of this embodiment. Figure 3bHere, the resistance value of the third voltage divider resistor R3 is reduced, while the resistance value of the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 remains unchanged. Specifically, the third voltage divider resistor R3 includes N third voltage divider sub-resistors and N third switches K3. The N third voltage divider resistors are respectively the third first voltage divider resistor R31, the third second voltage divider resistor R32, ..., the third nth voltage divider resistor R3n. The N third switches K3 are respectively the third first switch K31, the third second switch K32, ..., the third nth switch K3n. Among them, the third first voltage divider resistor R31 is connected in parallel with the third first switch K31, the third second voltage divider resistor R32 is connected in parallel with the third second switch K32, and the third third voltage divider resistor R34 is connected in parallel with the third second voltage divider resistor R3n. The resistor R3n is connected in parallel with the third voltage divider switch, ..., the third n voltage divider resistor R3n is connected in parallel with the third n switch K3n, and the third first voltage divider resistor R31, the third second voltage divider resistor R32, ..., the third n voltage divider resistor R3n are connected in series. The control terminals of the third first switch K31, the third second switch K32, ..., the third n switch K3n are all connected to the main control unit 230. The main control unit 230 can control the conduction and cutoff of the third first switch K31, the third second switch K32, ..., the third n switch K3n. In this embodiment, the third first voltage divider resistor R3n > the third second voltage divider resistor R32.

[0078] > ...> The third n-divider resistor R3n, by setting the values ​​of the third first-divider resistor R31, the third second-divider resistor R32, ..., the third n-divider resistor R3n, and then the main control unit 230 controls the corresponding third switch K3 to conduct, thus obtaining the desired second sampling voltage. For example, the resistance value of the third first-divider resistor is R3, and the resistance value of the third second-divider resistor is R3*(1-1 / 2) n The resistance of the third divider resistor is R3*(1-1 / 2). n-1 The resistance of the third nth voltage divider resistor is R3*(1-1 / 2). 2 In the initial state, all third switches K3 except for the first switch K31 are on, and the first switch K31 is off. At this time, the third voltage divider resistor R31 and the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 are connected in series, and the second sampling voltage is at its minimum. Subsequently, as the battery 110 is used, by selecting one of the second switches K32 to the nth switch K3n to be off, and the other switches are on, the third voltage divider resistor R3 is made smaller than the third voltage divider resistor R31, so that the second sampling voltage gradually increases, which is equivalent to the overcharge / over-discharge reference voltage Vcl gradually decreasing. Of course, the main control unit 230 can also indirectly reduce the overcharge / over-discharge reference voltage Vcl by controlling the on of multiple third switches K3 and the off of other switches.

[0079] To achieve a decrease in the resistance value of the third voltage divider resistor R3 or an increase in the resistance value of the fourth voltage divider resistor R4, please refer to another implementation method of this embodiment. Figure 3c Here, the resistance value of the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 is increased, while the resistance value of the third voltage divider resistor R3 remains unchanged. Specifically, the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 includes M fourth voltage divider sub-resistors and M fourth switches K4. The M fourth voltage divider resistors are the fourth first voltage divider resistor R41, the fourth second voltage divider resistor R42, ..., the fourth m voltage divider resistor R4m. The M fourth switches K4 are the fourth first switch K41, the fourth second switch K42, ..., the fourth m switch. Among them, the fourth first voltage divider resistor R41 and the fourth first switch K41 are connected in series to form the fourth branch, the fourth second voltage divider resistor R42 and the fourth second switch K42 are connected in series to form the fourth second branch, and the fourth third... The voltage divider resistor R4m is connected in series with the fourth and third switches to form the fourth and third branches, ..., the fourth m voltage divider resistor R4m is connected in series with the fourth m switch to form the fourth m branch, and the fourth and third branches, ..., the fourth m branch are connected in parallel to form the fourth voltage divider resistor R4. The control terminals of the fourth and second switches K41, K42, ..., and the fourth m switch are all connected to the main control unit 230. The main control unit 230 can control the conduction and cutoff of the fourth and second switches K41, K42, ..., and the fourth m switch. In this embodiment, the fourth and second voltage divider resistor R41 < the fourth and second voltage divider resistor R42 < ... < the fourth m voltage divider resistor R4m. By setting the values ​​of the fourth and second voltage divider resistors R41, R42, ..., and R4m, the main control unit 230 controls the corresponding fourth switch K4 to conduct, thereby obtaining the desired second sampling voltage. For example, the resistance of the fourth voltage divider resistor R41 is R4, and the resistance of the fourth voltage divider resistor R42 is R4*(1+1 / 2). m The resistance of the fourth three-stage resistor is R4*(1+1 / 2). m-1 The resistance of the fourth voltage divider resistor R4m is R4*(1+1 / 2) / 2 2 In the initial state, the fourth switch K41 is turned on, and the other switches are turned off. At this time, the fourth voltage divider resistor R41 is connected in series with the third voltage divider resistor R3, and the second sampling voltage is at its minimum. Subsequently, as the resistors are used, the main control unit 230 controls the corresponding fourth switch K4 to turn on, so that the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 is larger than the fourth voltage divider resistor R41, and the second sampling voltage gradually increases, which is equivalent to the overcharge / overdischarge reference voltage Vcl gradually decreasing. In this embodiment, m is greater than or equal to 3, preferably greater than or equal to 5.

[0080] To achieve a decrease in the resistance value of the third voltage divider resistor R3 or an increase in the resistance value of the fourth voltage divider resistor R4, please refer to another implementation method of this embodiment. Figure 3d Here, the resistance of the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 is increased, while the resistance of the third voltage divider resistor R3 remains unchanged. Specifically, the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 includes M fourth voltage divider sub-resistors and M fourth switches K4. The M fourth voltage divider resistors are the fourth first voltage divider resistor R41, the fourth second voltage divider resistor R42, ..., the fourth m voltage divider resistor R4m. The M fourth switches K4 are the fourth first switch K41, the fourth second switch K42, ..., the fourth m switch. Among them, the fourth first voltage divider resistor R41 is connected in parallel with the fourth first switch K41, the fourth second voltage divider resistor R42 is connected in parallel with the fourth second switch K42, and the fourth third voltage divider... The fourth voltage divider resistor R4m is connected in parallel with the fourth third switch, ..., the fourth m voltage divider resistor R4m is connected in parallel with the fourth m switch, and the fourth first voltage divider resistor R41, the fourth second voltage divider resistor R42, ..., the fourth m voltage divider resistor R4m are connected in series. The control terminals of the fourth first switch K41, the fourth second switch K42, ..., the fourth n switch K4m are all connected to the main control unit 230. The main control unit 230 can control the conduction and cutoff of the fourth first switch K41, the fourth second switch K42, ..., the fourth m switch. In this embodiment, the fourth first voltage divider resistor R41 < the fourth second voltage divider resistor R42 < ... < the fourth m voltage divider resistor R4m. By setting the values ​​of the fourth first voltage divider resistor R41, the fourth second voltage divider resistor R42, ..., the fourth m voltage divider resistor R4m, and then the main control unit 230 controls the corresponding fourth switch K4 to conduct, so as to obtain the desired second sampling voltage. For example, the resistance of the fourth voltage divider resistor is R4, and the resistance of the fourth voltage divider resistor is R4*.

[0081] (1+1 / 2 m The resistance of the fourth three-stage resistor is R4*(1+1 / 2). m-1 The resistance of the fourth m-divider resistor is R4*(1+1 / 2). 2 In the initial state, all fourth switches K4 except for the first switch K41 are turned on, and the first switch K41 is turned off. At this time, the fourth voltage divider resistor R41 is connected in series with the third voltage divider resistor R3, and the second sampling voltage is at its minimum. Subsequently, as the battery 110 is used, by selecting one of the fourth second switch K42-the fourth m switch K4m to turn off, and the other switches are turned on, the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 is made to be larger than the fourth first voltage divider resistor R41, so that the second sampling voltage gradually increases, which is equivalent to the overcharge / overdischarge reference voltage Vcl gradually decreasing.

[0082] In the example above, the minimum resistance value to be adjusted is reduced by 25% relative to the initial resistance, or the maximum resistance value is increased by 25%. This setting allows for precise resistance adjustment, meets the voltage regulation range requirements, and reduces costs. Of course, values ​​exceeding this range can also be adjusted as needed.

[0083] In addition, in other embodiments of this application, the abnormal reference voltage can also be directly reduced. Here, we will illustrate this by directly reducing the overcharge / over-discharge reference voltage Vcl. For one implementation method of this application, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4a The battery protection circuit 200 includes a reference voltage generation module connected to the battery protection unit 220 to provide an abnormal reference voltage. Here, the reference voltage generation module is also connected to the main control unit 230, which adjusts the abnormal reference voltage.

[0084] Specifically, the reference voltage generation module includes a reference voltage source 281, a first voltage divider resistor R1, and a second voltage divider resistor R2. The reference voltage source 281 is used to generate a stable reference voltage. The reference voltage source 281 may include, for example, a bandgap reference source or an LDO (Low Dropout Regulator). The output terminal of the reference voltage source 281 is connected to one end of the first voltage divider resistor R1, and the other end of the first voltage divider resistor R1 is connected to the second voltage divider resistor R2. The other end of the second voltage divider resistor R2 is connected to the power supply ground terminal GND. The connection point of the first voltage divider resistor R1 and the second voltage divider resistor R2 is used to output an abnormal reference voltage, such as an overcharge / overdischarge reference voltage Vcl. To achieve direct adjustment of the abnormal reference voltage, the first voltage divider resistor R1 can be increased or the second voltage divider resistor R2 can be decreased by controlling the main control unit 230. In addition, in this embodiment, other components may exist between the first voltage divider resistor R1 and the reference voltage source 281, between the second voltage divider resistor R2 and the power supply ground terminal GND, and between the first voltage divider resistor R1 and the second voltage divider resistor R2, such as other resistors.

[0085] Please continue reading Figure 4a The second voltage divider resistor R2 includes K series-connected second voltage divider resistors and K second switches K2. The K second voltage divider resistors are connected in parallel with the K second switches K2. The control terminals of the K second switches K2 are connected to the main control unit 230. The main control unit 230 controls the K second switches K2 to turn on or off based on the current state of the battery 110, thereby adjusting the resistance value of the second voltage divider resistor R2. Where K is greater than or equal to 3, the resistance value of the second voltage divider resistor R2 varies depending on the different current states of the battery 110, thus outputting different abnormal reference voltages.

[0086] In another implementation, the second voltage divider resistor R2 includes K second voltage divider sub-resistors and K second switches K2. The K second voltage divider resistors are connected in series with the K second switches K2 to form K branches. The K branches are connected in parallel. The control terminals of the K second switches K2 are connected to the main control unit 230. The main control unit 230 controls the K second switches K2 to turn on or off based on the current state of the battery 110, thereby adjusting the resistance value of the second voltage divider resistor R2. Where K is greater than or equal to 3, the resistance value of the second voltage divider resistor R2 varies depending on the different current states of the battery 110, thus outputting different abnormal reference voltages.

[0087] In another implementation, please refer to Figure 4b The first voltage divider resistor R1 includes J series-connected first voltage divider sub-resistors and J first switches K1. The J first voltage divider resistors are connected in parallel with the J first switches K1. The control terminals of the J first switches K1 are connected to the main control unit 230. The main control unit 230 controls the conduction or disconnection of the J first switches K1 based on the current state of the battery 110, thereby adjusting the resistance value of the first voltage divider resistor R1. Where J is greater than or equal to 3, the resistance value of the second voltage divider resistor R2 varies depending on the different current states of the battery 110, thus outputting different abnormal reference voltages.

[0088] In another implementation, the first voltage divider resistor R1 includes J first voltage divider sub-resistors and K second switches K2. The J first voltage divider resistors are connected in series with the J first switches K1 to form J branches. The J branches are connected in parallel. The control terminals of the J first switches K1 are connected to the main control unit 230. The main control unit 230 controls the conduction or disconnection of the J first switches K1 based on the current state of the battery 110 to adjust the resistance value of the first voltage divider resistor R1. Where J is greater than or equal to 3, the resistance value of the first voltage divider resistor R1 is different for different current states of the battery 110, thus outputting different abnormal reference voltages.

[0089] As for how to change the first voltage divider resistor R1 or the second voltage divider resistor R2 in the above implementation method, please refer to the adjustment method of the third voltage divider resistor R3 and the fourth voltage divider resistor R4 mentioned above. The principle is similar and will not be repeated here.

[0090] In this embodiment, the reference voltage generation module can also generate an overcurrent reference voltage Vcc. The generation and adjustment methods of the overcurrent reference voltage Vcc are similar to those of the overcharge / overdischarge reference voltage Vcl, and will not be described again here. In this embodiment, the first sampled voltage V1 can be processed or not and output to the overcurrent protection unit 223.

[0091] In this embodiment, the main control unit 230 is also connected to the system circuit 300. The main control unit 230 outputs information about the battery 110 to the system circuit 300, such as outputting the remaining power information of the battery 110 to the system circuit 300 so that the display unit of the system circuit 300 can display the remaining power information.

[0092] In this embodiment, the battery protection circuit 200 is fabricated on the same semiconductor substrate, i.e., on the same chip. At this time, the power supply terminal VDD is the power supply pin, and the power ground terminal GND is the power ground pin. However, this application is not limited to this. In other embodiments of this application, the components of the battery protection circuit 200, except for the main switch unit 240, are located on the first integrated circuit chip, and the main switch unit 240 is located on the second integrated circuit chip. That is, the first integrated circuit chip is fabricated on one semiconductor substrate, and the second integrated circuit chip is fabricated on another semiconductor substrate. Here, the first integrated circuit chip and the second integrated circuit chip are packaged into a single product.

[0093] As battery 110 is used, its performance will decrease. In this embodiment, by adjusting the resistance value of the third voltage divider resistor R3 or the fourth voltage divider resistor R4, the second sampling voltage is changed, which is equivalent to changing the overcharge / overdischarge reference voltage Vcl in the opposite direction, indirectly changing the overcharge / overdischarge reference voltage Vcl. However, after the adjustment, the first battery sampling information will also change. If this first battery sampling information is still output to the main control unit 230, the main control unit 230 will still use the original evaluation method to evaluate the current state of battery 110. Since the first battery sampling information has been adjusted, it is no longer the true information of battery 110. This will cause the state of battery 110 obtained based on this information to be inconsistent with the true current state of battery 110, resulting in distortion or discrepancies with reality, which will also affect the control of the subsequent main control unit. To solve this problem, this application provides the second to fourth embodiments.

[0094] Second Embodiment

[0095] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a partial circuit block diagram of the battery protection circuit according to the second embodiment of this application. This embodiment is similar to the first embodiment. Therefore, the parts not described in this embodiment can be referred to the first embodiment. The main difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the battery protection circuit has been improved.

[0096] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 5In this embodiment, the battery protection circuit 200 further includes a compensation unit 250, which is connected to the main control unit 230 and the first battery sampling module 210 respectively. The compensation unit 250 is used to process the second sampling voltage so that the main control unit 230 can still use the original evaluation method to evaluate the current state of the battery 110, thus overcoming the problem of inaccurate evaluation caused by the change of the second sampling voltage.

[0097] Specifically, in this embodiment, the compensation unit 250 includes a first compensation switch 251 and multiple compensators. In the illustration, there are four compensators: the second compensator 252 to the fifth compensator 255, corresponding to Table 1 of the first embodiment. Of course, it can also include fewer or more compensators, depending on actual needs. This embodiment uses the illustration as an example for explanation. In this embodiment, the first compensation switch 251, the second compensator 252, the third compensator 253, the fourth compensator 254, and the fifth compensator 255 are connected in parallel. One end of each of the first compensation switch 251, the second compensator 252, the third compensator 253, the fourth compensator 254, and the fifth compensator 255 is connected to the first battery sampling module 210, and the other end is connected to the main control unit 230.Specifically, when the current state of battery 110 is at level AAAAA, no compensation is needed for the first battery sampling information. At this time, the first compensation switch 251 is active, while the second to fifth compensators 252 are inactive. The first compensation switch 251 being active means that the first battery sampling information is transmitted to the main control unit 230 through the first compensation switch 251, at which point the first compensation switch 251 is turned on. When the current state of battery 110 is at level AAAA, compensation is needed for the first battery sampling information. In this embodiment, this means downgrading the received first battery sampling information. At this time, the second compensator 252 is active, and the first compensation switch 252... 51. The third compensator 253 to the fifth compensator 255 are not functioning. The second compensator 252 is functioning because it compensates for the first battery sampling information during transmission. The first battery sampling information, after compensation by the second compensator 252, is then transmitted to the main control unit 230. When the current state of battery 110 is at AAA level, the first battery sampling information needs to be compensated. In this embodiment, the received first battery sampling information is downgraded. At this time, the third compensator 253 is functioning, while the first compensation switch 251, the second compensator 252, the fourth compensator 254, and the fifth compensator 255 are not functioning. The function of the third compensator 254 refers to compensating the first battery sampling information during transmission, and then transmitting the compensated first battery sampling information to the main control unit 230 after compensation by the third compensator 253. When the current state of battery 110 is at level AA, the first battery sampling information needs to be compensated. In this embodiment, the received first battery sampling information is downgraded. At this time, the fourth compensator 254 is activated, and the first compensation switch 251, the second compensator 252, the third compensator 253, and the fifth compensator 255 are inactive. The activation of the fourth compensator 254 means compensating the first battery sampling information during transmission. The first battery sampling information, after being compensated by the fourth compensator 254, is transmitted to the main control unit 230. When the current state of battery 110 is in level A, the first battery sampling information needs to be compensated. In this embodiment, the received first battery sampling information is downgraded. At this time, the fifth compensator 255 is activated, while the first compensation switch 251, the second compensator 252, the third compensator 253, and the fourth compensator 254 are inactive. The activation of the fifth compensator 255 means that it compensates the first battery sampling information during transmission. The first battery sampling information after compensation by the fifth compensator 255 is then transmitted to the main control unit 230. See Table 2 for specific compensation values, as shown in Table 1.

[0098] Table 2

[0099]

[0100] For example, when the current state of battery 110 is AAA, the main control unit 230 controls the first battery sampling module 210, which increases the first battery sampling information by 2%, specifically increasing the second sampling voltage by 2%. The increased second sampling voltage is then output to the battery protection unit 220. Simultaneously, the increased second sampling voltage is also output to the main control unit 230. To reduce the impact of the increased second sampling voltage on the main control unit 230, in this embodiment, the main control unit 230 controls the third compensator 253 to function. The third compensator 253 reduces the second sampling voltage received by the main control unit 230 (the second sampling voltage output to the battery protection unit 220 does not require compensation), specifically by reducing it to 1 / 1.02 of the received second sampling voltage, and then outputs the reduced value to the main control unit 230. With this configuration, the first battery sampling module 210 adjusts the first battery sampling information upwards, while the compensation unit 250 adjusts it downwards, thus canceling each other out. This allows the main control unit 230 to use the same evaluation method throughout, preventing inconsistencies and inaccuracies in the evaluations. Furthermore, this configuration reduces the number and complexity of evaluation methods in the main control unit 230, which helps lower the cost of the battery protection circuit 200.

[0101] In this embodiment, the main control unit 230 controls the first battery sampling module 210 and the compensation unit 250. Upon receiving the control signal, the compensation unit 250 processes it, and the corresponding components within the compensation unit 250 activate. However, this application is not limited to this. In other embodiments of this application, the main control unit 230 may control the first battery sampling module 210 and the compensation unit 250 at different times. Preferably, the first battery sampling module 210 is controlled first, followed by the compensation unit 250.

[0102] In this embodiment, the second compensator 252, the third compensator 253, the fourth compensator 254, and the fifth compensator 255 may include adders, subtractors, multipliers, dividers, or combinations thereof, or other suitable components. Those skilled in the art can configure them according to actual needs, and there are no limitations herein, which are used to implement the solution of this embodiment. Furthermore, the second compensator 252, the third compensator 253, the fourth compensator 254, and the fifth compensator 255 may be equipped with necessary switching elements according to actual needs, so that the corresponding compensator may or may not function. In this embodiment, the first compensation switch 251 may be a MOSFET, a transistor, etc., and this application is not limited thereto.

[0103] Generally speaking, since the resistance of the detection resistor Rj or the main switch unit 240 is very small when it is turned on, the first sampling voltage V1 will also be very small. At this time, the voltage at the detection terminal JC does not need to be divided, that is, the voltage at the detection terminal JC is the first sampling voltage V1. The first sampling voltage V1 will be directly output to the overcurrent protection unit 223 and the main control unit 230 without further voltage division adjustment. However, the voltage at the power supply terminal VDD will be relatively large, and voltage division will be performed to obtain the second sampling voltage. This process also helps to reduce power consumption. Due to this difference, when adjustment is required, the overcurrent protection unit 223 will directly adjust the overcurrent reference voltage Vcc, while the overcharge protection unit 221 and the over-discharge protection unit 222 can choose to adjust the second sampling voltage or adjust the overcharge reference voltage Vcu and the over-discharge reference voltage Vcl. When the second sampling voltage is adjusted as in the first embodiment, the first sampling voltage V1 can truly reflect the current situation in the main circuit, while the second reference voltage cannot reflect the condition of the battery 110. To accommodate both scenarios and enable the main control unit 230 to better assess the current condition of the battery 110, in this embodiment, the first sampling voltage V1 and the second sampling voltage are transmitted in a time-division multiplexing manner (the control unit for time-division multiplexing is located in the first battery sampling module 210). When transmitting the first sampling voltage V1, the first compensation switch 251 is activated, and the first sampling voltage V1 is directly output to the main control unit 230. When transmitting the second sampling voltage, one of the following is activated: the first compensation switch 251, the second compensator 252, the third compensator 253, the fourth compensator 254, or the fifth compensator 255. That is, the first compensation switch 251 can be used to transmit both the first and second sampling voltages, while the second to fifth compensators 252 are only used to compensate for the second sampling voltage. Through this processing, both the first sampling voltage V1 and the compensated second sampling voltage received by the main control unit 230 can reflect the true situation, which helps the main control unit 230 to more accurately assess the current condition of the battery 110.

[0104] Third Embodiment

[0105] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a partial circuit block diagram of the battery protection circuit of the third embodiment of this application. This embodiment is similar to the first embodiment. Therefore, the parts not described in this embodiment can be referred to the first embodiment. The main difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the main control unit can call different evaluation methods as needed.

[0106] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 6In this embodiment, the battery protection circuit 200 includes a third memory 260, which is connected to the main control unit 230. The third memory 260 stores multiple evaluation models, each corresponding to a different current state of the battery 110. The main control unit 230 calls different evaluation models based on the different current states of the battery 110. The main control unit 230 receives first battery sampling information and calls the corresponding evaluation model to obtain a first intermediate value through evaluation. The main control unit 230 then comprehensively evaluates based on the first intermediate value to obtain the current state of the battery 110. Similarly, corresponding to Table 1 in the first embodiment, the third memory 260 stores five evaluation models: a first evaluation model, a second evaluation model, a third evaluation model, a fourth evaluation model, and a fifth evaluation model. These five evaluation models correspond to five current states of the battery 110. Specifically, the main control unit 230 calls the first evaluation model to evaluate the state of battery 110 when its current state is at level AAAA (initially, the first evaluation model is called by default). The main control unit 230 calls the second evaluation model to evaluate the state of battery 110 when its current state is at level AAAA, the third evaluation model to evaluate the state of battery 110 when its current state is at level AAA, the fourth evaluation model to evaluate the state of battery 110 when its current state is at level AA, and the fifth evaluation model to evaluate the state of battery 110 when its current state is at level A (this is recommended). Alternatively, if battery 110 is at level A, no further evaluation of its state is required (in this case, the fifth evaluation model is not necessary). Of course, those skilled in the art will understand that the third memory 260 stores multiple evaluation models, not limited to five sets, and more or fewer evaluation models can be set according to actual needs. The specific implementation method of the evaluation model is a common technique in this field and will not be elaborated here.

[0107] In this embodiment, when the main control unit 230 controls the first battery sampling module 210, it automatically retrieves the evaluation model corresponding to the current state of the battery 110 from the third memory 260. For example, initially, the main control unit 230 defaults to retrieving and executing the first evaluation model from the third memory 260. Then, it switches to retrieving and executing the second evaluation model, then the third, then the fourth, and finally the fifth. Alternatively, if the battery 110's state is consistently at level A, the main control unit 230 stops evaluating. In other embodiments of this application, after the main control unit 230 adjusts the control of the first battery sampling module 210, it then retrieves and executes the corresponding evaluation model from the third memory 260.

[0108] This embodiment stores multiple evaluation models in the third memory 260. These models correspond to different states of the battery 110. The main control unit 230 calls and executes different evaluation models based on the different current states of the battery 110. Different evaluation models are matched with second sampling voltages that have been adjusted in different ways. The evaluation models themselves take into account the adjustment of the second sampling voltage and also consider the case where the first sampling voltage V1 does not need to be adjusted. By adjusting the evaluation models, the main control unit 230 can achieve good consistency in evaluating the state of the battery 110 from beginning to end, avoiding the problem of a good evaluation of the battery 110 state in the early stage and a poor evaluation in the later stage, which is convenient for users. Moreover, this embodiment does not require additional external hardware and has a low cost.

[0109] Fourth embodiment

[0110] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a partial circuit block diagram of the battery protection circuit of the fourth embodiment of this application. This embodiment is similar to the first embodiment. Therefore, the parts not described in this embodiment can be referred to the first embodiment. The main difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the second battery sampling information received by the main control unit does not originate from the first battery sampling module.

[0111] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 7In this embodiment, the battery protection circuit 200 further includes a second battery sampling module 270. The second battery sampling module 270 is connected to the power supply terminal VDD and the detection terminal JC. The second battery sampling module 270 is not controlled by the main control unit 230. The second battery sampling module 270 is used to obtain second battery sampling information, including a first sampling voltage V1 and a third sampling voltage V3. The third sampling voltage V3 may be the same as or different from the second sampling voltage at the beginning. In summary, the second battery sampling module 270 is connected to the detection terminal JC to obtain the first sampling voltage V1, which is used to characterize the real-time current of the main circuit. The second battery sampling module 270 is also connected to the power supply terminal VDD to obtain the third sampling voltage V3, which is used to characterize the voltage of the battery 110. In this embodiment, both the first sampling voltage V1 and the third sampling voltage V3 are output to the main control unit 230.

[0112] In this embodiment, the second battery sampling module 270 includes a sixth voltage divider resistor R6 and a seventh voltage divider resistor R7. The sixth and seventh voltage divider resistors R6 and R7 are connected in series. The sixth voltage divider resistor R6 is connected to the power supply terminal VDD, and the seventh voltage divider resistor R7 is connected to the power ground terminal GND. The connection point of the sixth and seventh voltage divider resistors R6 and R7 is used to output the third sampling voltage V3. The resistance values ​​of the sixth and seventh voltage divider resistors R6 and R7 are much larger than those of the fifth resistor R5.

[0113] In this embodiment, the second sampling voltage is affected by the current state of the battery 110, while the third sampling voltage V3 is not affected by the current state of the battery 110. The third sampling voltage V3 is only affected by the actual voltage of the battery 110. Therefore, the third sampling voltage V3 represents the actual voltage of the battery 110 in real time and is the true voltage of the battery 110. Thus, the main control unit 230 obtains the first sampling voltage V1 and the third sampling voltage V3, and performs calculations and evaluations based on the obtained first sampling voltage V1 and third sampling voltage V3 to obtain a first intermediate value. The first intermediate value includes, for example, indicators such as the number of charge and discharge cycles of the battery 110, charge and discharge rate, power consumption pattern, remaining battery power, battery degradation degree, and battery internal resistance. The main control unit 230 comprehensively evaluates and obtains the current state of the battery 110 based on the first intermediate value. Since the first sampling voltage V1 is related to the current of the main circuit, and the third sampling voltage is related to the voltage of the battery 110, it will not change with the change of the current state of the battery 110. Therefore, the current state of the battery 110 obtained by the main control unit 230 is the true state of the battery 110.

[0114] This embodiment adds a second battery sampling module 270. The second battery sampling information collected by the second battery sampling module 270 does not change with the usage time of the battery 110, that is, it does not change with the current state of the battery 110. Therefore, the second battery sampling information output by the second battery sampling module 270 can truly reflect the voltage of the battery 110 and the current of the main circuit. Thus, the main control unit 230 can use the same evaluation method before and after, and will not cause inconsistencies or inaccurate evaluations before and after. Moreover, the problems of the first embodiment can be overcome by only slightly modifying the battery protection circuit 200. It is easy to implement and has a low cost.

[0115] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides corresponding methods, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 8 This application also provides a control method for a battery protection circuit 200, including the following steps:

[0116] S110: Obtain battery sampling information, wherein the battery sampling information is used to characterize the current flowing through the main switch unit 240 and to characterize the voltage of the battery 110. The battery protection circuit 200 includes the main switch unit 240, which controls whether the battery 110 supplies power to external devices. The battery sampling information here refers to the first battery sampling information of the first embodiment to the third embodiment, and the second battery sampling information of the fourth embodiment.

[0117] S120: Evaluate and obtain the current state of battery 110 based on battery sampling information;

[0118] S130: Change the first battery sampling information or abnormal reference voltage received by the battery protection unit 220 according to the current state of the battery 110, wherein the battery protection circuit 200 includes the battery protection unit 220, which is used to protect the battery 110.

[0119] The method described in this embodiment can be found in the preceding related descriptions, and will not be repeated here.

[0120] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0121] It should be understood that "a plurality of" as used herein refers to two or more. Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0122] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments.

[0123] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Therefore, any equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of this application shall still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery protection circuit, characterized in that, include: The system includes a power supply terminal, a power ground terminal, a first battery sampling module, a battery protection unit, a main control unit, and a main switch unit. The power supply terminal and the power ground terminal are connected to the battery. The first battery sampling module samples the current flowing through the main switch unit and the battery voltage to obtain first battery sampling information. The battery protection unit is connected to the first battery sampling module to receive the first battery sampling information. The battery protection unit also connects to an abnormal reference voltage and is used to protect the battery. The main control unit is connected to the battery protection unit and the main switch unit, and the main switch unit controls whether the battery supplies power to the system circuit. The main control unit also obtains information characterizing the current flowing through the main switching unit and the battery voltage, and determines at least two evaluation indicators of the battery based on the obtained information. The main control unit is also used to evaluate the current state of the battery based on the at least two evaluation indicators of the battery, and change the first battery sampling information or abnormal reference voltage received by the battery protection unit according to the current state of the battery, so that the protection of the battery by the battery protection circuit matches the performance of the battery. The current state of the battery is one of the first-level states in a progressively decreasing multi-level state. The lower the level of the current state, the greater the change in the first battery sampling information or the abnormal reference voltage. If the main control unit changes the first battery sampling information received by the battery protection unit according to the current state of the battery, the battery protection circuit includes a compensation unit. The compensation unit is connected to the first battery sampling module and the main control unit respectively. The compensation unit is connected to the first battery sampling module to receive the first battery sampling information, compensate the first battery sampling information according to the current state of the battery, and output the compensated first battery sampling information to the main control unit. The compensated first battery sampling information is used by the main control unit to evaluate the state of the battery in the next time.

2. The battery protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery protection circuit includes a reference voltage generation module connected to the battery protection unit. The reference voltage generation module generates an abnormal reference voltage for the battery protection unit. The reference voltage generation module is also connected to the main control unit. The main control unit controls the reference voltage generation module to adjust the abnormal reference voltage output to the battery protection unit.

3. The battery protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reference voltage generation module includes a reference voltage source, a first voltage divider resistor, and a second voltage divider resistor. One end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the reference voltage source. The first and second voltage divider resistors are connected in series. One end of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply ground. The connection point between the first and second voltage divider resistors is used to output the abnormal reference voltage. The second voltage divider resistor includes K series-connected second voltage divider sub-resistors and K second switches. The K second voltage divider resistors are connected in parallel with the K second switches. The control terminals of the K second switches are connected to the main control unit. The main control unit controls the K second switches to be turned on or off based on the current state of the battery, where K is greater than or equal to 3. Different resistance values ​​of the second voltage divider resistors correspond to different current states of the battery, thus outputting different abnormal reference voltages; or... The reference voltage generation module includes a reference voltage source, a first voltage divider resistor, and a second voltage divider resistor. One end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the reference voltage source. The first and second voltage divider resistors are connected in series. One end of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply ground. The connection point between the first and second voltage divider resistors is used to output the abnormal reference voltage. The second voltage divider resistor includes K second voltage divider sub-resistors and K second switches. The K second voltage divider resistors are connected in series with the K second switches to form K branches. The K branches are connected in parallel. The control terminals of the K second switches are connected to the main control unit. The main control unit controls the K second switches to turn on or off based on the current state of the battery. K is greater than or equal to 3. The resistance values ​​of the second voltage divider resistors are different for different current states of the battery to output different abnormal reference voltages; or... The main control unit includes a reference voltage source, a first voltage divider resistor, and a second voltage divider resistor. One end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the reference voltage source. The first and second voltage divider resistors are connected in series. One end of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply ground. The connection point between the first and second voltage divider resistors is used to output the abnormal reference voltage. The first voltage divider resistor includes J first voltage divider sub-resistors and J first switches. The J first voltage divider resistors are connected in parallel with the J first switches. The control terminals of the J first switches are connected to the main control unit. The main control unit controls the conduction or disconnection of the J first switches based on the current state of the battery. J is greater than or equal to 3. The resistance value of the second voltage divider resistor is different for different current states of the battery to output different abnormal reference voltages; or... The main control unit includes a reference voltage source, a first voltage divider resistor, and a second voltage divider resistor. One end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the reference voltage source. The first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor are connected in series. One end of the second voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply ground terminal. The position where the first voltage divider resistor and the second voltage divider resistor are connected is used to output the abnormal reference voltage. The first voltage divider resistor includes J first voltage divider sub-resistors and J first switches. The J first voltage divider resistors are connected in series with the J first switches to form J branches. The J branches are connected in parallel. The control terminals of the J first switches are connected to the main control unit. The main control unit controls the conduction or disconnection of the J first switches based on the current state of the battery. J is greater than or equal to 3. The resistance values ​​of the first voltage divider resistors are different for different current states of the battery to output different abnormal reference voltages.

4. The battery protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control unit is connected to the first battery sampling module. The main control unit controls the first battery sampling module based on the current state of the battery to adjust the first battery sampling information output to the battery protection unit.

5. The battery protection circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first battery sampling module includes a third voltage divider resistor and a fourth voltage divider resistor. The third and fourth voltage divider resistors are connected in series. The third voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply terminal, and the fourth voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply ground terminal. The connection point between the third and fourth voltage divider resistors is used to output the first battery sampling information. The third voltage divider resistor includes N third voltage divider sub-resistors and N third switches. The N third voltage divider resistors are connected in series with the N third switches to form N branches. The N branches are connected in parallel. The control terminals of the N third switches are all connected to the main control unit. The main control unit controls the N third switches to be turned on or off based on the current state of the battery, where N is greater than or equal to 3. The resistance values ​​of the third voltage divider resistors are different for different current states of the battery to adjust the output of the first battery sampling information; or... The first battery sampling module includes a third voltage divider resistor and a fourth voltage divider resistor. The third and fourth voltage divider resistors are connected in series. The third voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply terminal, and the fourth voltage divider resistor is connected to the power ground terminal. The connection point between the third and fourth voltage divider resistors is used to output the first battery sampling information. The third voltage divider resistor includes N series-connected third voltage divider sub-resistors and N third switches. The N third voltage divider resistors are connected in parallel with the N third switches. The control terminals of the N third switches are connected to the main control unit. The main control unit controls the N third switches to be turned on or off based on the current state of the battery, where N is greater than or equal to 3. The resistance values ​​of the third voltage divider resistors are different for different current states of the battery to adjust the output of the first battery sampling information; or... The first battery sampling module includes a third voltage divider resistor and a fourth voltage divider resistor. The third and fourth voltage divider resistors are connected in series. The third voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply terminal, and the fourth voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply ground terminal. The connection point between the third and fourth voltage divider resistors is used to output the first battery sampling information. The fourth voltage divider resistor includes M fourth voltage divider sub-resistors and M fourth switches. The M fourth voltage divider resistors are connected in series with the M fourth switches to form M branches. The M branches are connected in parallel. The control terminals of the M fourth switches are all connected to the main control unit. The main control unit controls the M fourth switches to be turned on or off based on the current state of the battery, where M is greater than or equal to 3. The resistance values ​​of the fourth voltage divider resistors are different for different current states of the battery to adjust the output of the first battery sampling information; or... The first battery sampling module includes a third voltage divider resistor and a fourth voltage divider resistor. The third voltage divider resistor and the fourth voltage divider resistor are connected in series. The third voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply terminal, and the fourth voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply ground terminal. The position where the third voltage divider resistor and the fourth voltage divider resistor are connected is used to output the first battery sampling information. The fourth voltage divider resistor includes M fourth voltage divider sub-resistors connected in series and M fourth switches. The M fourth voltage divider resistors are connected in parallel with the M fourth switches. The control terminals of the M fourth switches are connected to the main control unit. The main control unit controls the M fourth switches to be turned on or off based on the current state of the battery. M is greater than or equal to 3. The resistance value of the fourth voltage divider resistor is different for different current states of the battery to adjust the output of the first battery sampling information.

6. The battery protection circuit according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The main control unit is connected to the first battery sampling module to obtain the first battery sampling information. The main control unit uses the first battery sampling information to evaluate the current state of the battery and controls the first battery sampling module according to the current state of the battery to adjust the first battery sampling information output to the battery protection unit.

7. The battery protection circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first battery sampling information includes a second sampling voltage, which is used to characterize the battery voltage. The main control unit controls the first battery sampling module based on the current state of the battery to adjust the second sampling voltage output to the battery protection unit.

8. The battery protection circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The battery protection circuit includes a third memory connected to the main control unit. The third memory stores multiple evaluation models, which correspond to batteries in different current states. The main control unit calls the corresponding evaluation model to run according to the current state of the battery. The main control unit evaluates the current state of the battery based on the first battery sampling information and controls the first battery sampling module to change the first battery sampling information received by the battery protection unit according to the current state of the battery.

9. The battery protection circuit according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The battery protection circuit includes a second battery sampling module, which is used to sample the current flowing through the main switching unit and the battery voltage to obtain second battery sampling information. The main control unit is connected to the second battery sampling module to obtain the second battery sampling information. The main control unit uses the second battery sampling information to evaluate the current state of the battery and changes the first battery sampling information or abnormal reference voltage received by the battery protection unit according to the current state of the battery.

10. The battery protection circuit according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The main control unit performs calculations and evaluations based on information representing the current flowing through the main switching unit and the battery voltage to obtain a first intermediate value. This first intermediate value includes at least one of the following: battery charge / discharge cycles, charge / discharge rate, power consumption pattern, remaining battery capacity, battery degradation level, and battery internal resistance. Based on this first intermediate value, the main control unit evaluates and obtains the current state of the battery. Based on this current state, the main control unit controls the first battery sampling module or changes the abnormal reference voltage; or... The battery protection circuit is located on the same chip; or... The battery protection circuit, excluding the main switch unit, has its components located on one chip, while the main switch unit is located on another chip.

11. A battery assembly, characterized in that, include: Battery; The battery protection circuit as described in any one of claims 1-10, wherein the battery protection circuit is connected to the battery.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: System circuitry; The battery protection circuit as described in any one of claims 1-10 or the battery assembly as described in claim 11; The system circuit is connected to the battery via the main switch unit of the battery protection circuit.

13. A control method for a battery protection circuit, characterized in that, include: Obtain battery sampling information, wherein the battery sampling information is used to characterize the current flowing through the main switching unit and to characterize the battery voltage, and the battery protection circuit includes the main switching unit, which is used to control whether the battery supplies power to the system circuit; Determine at least two evaluation metrics for the battery based on battery sampling information; The current state of the battery is obtained by evaluating at least two evaluation metrics. The battery protection unit changes the first battery sampling information or abnormal reference voltage received by the battery protection unit according to the current state of the battery, so that the protection of the battery by the battery protection circuit matches the performance of the battery. The current state of the battery is one of the first-level states in a multi-level state with progressively decreasing levels. The lower the level of the current state, the greater the change in the first battery sampling information or the abnormal reference voltage. The battery protection circuit includes a battery protection unit, which is used to protect the battery. If the first battery sampling information received by the battery protection unit is changed according to the current state of the battery, the method further includes: obtaining the compensated first battery sampling information for use in the next evaluation of the battery state; wherein the compensated first battery sampling information is output by the compensation unit of the battery protection circuit after compensating the first battery sampling information according to the current state of the battery.

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