A sesame harvesting integrated machine and its usage method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and particularly relates to a sesame harvesting integrated machine and a using method thereof. The integrated machine body includes: a lower-layer harvesting device disposed on a frame, which is used to cut off the part without fruits below the sesame to remove obstacles for the machine to move forward; an upper-layer harvesting and transporting device installed above the lower-layer harvesting device, which is used to fully draw the sesame stalks into the cutting range to integrate the drawing and cutting; a conveying and shelling device installed at the end of the upper-layer harvesting and transporting device and connected thereto, which is used for transporting sesame stalks, beating, and shelling sesame grains; a vibration separation device disposed below the conveying and shelling device, which is used to separate sesame and straws; and a storage device disposed below the vibration separation device, which is used to collect the separated sesame. The present invention realizes the integrated harvesting of sesame through the coordinated actions of "cutting - drawing - conveying - beating - collecting", with highly concentrated functions, meeting the usage requirements of modern agriculture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and in particular to a sesame harvesting integrated machine and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Sesame is a crop with a high nutritional density, rich in components such as protein, vitamin E, magnesium, and calcium, which is beneficial to human health. It is not only an important oil crop and cash crop, but also used as a cooking ingredient and a side dish ingredient. With the enhancement of people's health awareness, green foods containing sesame components have been favored by consumers in recent years, and the sesame planting industry has broad development prospects.

[0003] Agricultural mechanization is a key factor in the transformation of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, and it plays a significant role in replacing manual labor, reducing costs and increasing efficiency, integrating and applying agricultural technologies, and promoting large-scale planting and harvesting. The fruits of traditional sesame varieties grow from bottom to top, with the lower ones maturing first and the upper ones later. Touching them will cause the lower mature fruits to fall off. If mechanical harvesting is used, a large amount of yield loss will occur. Achieving large-scale mechanical harvesting of sesame mainly depends on two key factors: variety improvement and mechanical improvement. In August 2020, the Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences successfully selected the world's first anti-shattering and machine-harvestable sesame new varieties, Yuzhi ND837 and Yuzhi NS610. Since then, new white sesame lines Yuzhi 619 and Yuzhi 620, as well as new black sesame line Yuzhi 627 have also been selected. The fruits of these new varieties mature uniformly from bottom to top, are not easy to crack and fall off, and the plant height is suitable for mechanical harvesting.

[0004] Li Hui et al. invented a reciprocating cutter for a sesame harvesting machine based on the characteristics of sesame stalks. By the high-speed reciprocating movement of the cutter, the cutting force is increased, and problems such as uneven cutting of sesame stalks during harvesting, high power consumption, and high pre-harvest loss rate are solved; Lv Shuli et al. disclosed a new type of reel device for a sesame combine harvester, which can successively rake sesame stalks into the harvesting platform during the harvesting process, effectively reducing sesame shattering and overcoming the problem of incomplete sesame harvesting. Zhou Lanhua et al. invented a cutting table combination device for a sesame combine harvester to improve the sesame harvesting efficiency; Wei Shuangling et al. invented a new type of sesame guiding device to improve the overall screening efficiency and harvesting efficiency. Wang Bing et al. announced a high-efficiency screening device for sesame harvesting to improve the sesame screening work efficiency.

[0005] However, in the prior art, there are still the following problems: 1. The sesame production in most regions is still in the state of traditional manual operation, with a relatively high harvesting loss rate and low production efficiency. 2. The existing harvesting instruments have single functions. 3. Most of the existing sesame harvesters are heavy in body weight, which is easy to compact the soil and bring trouble to subsequent farming, and the lightweight design is not considered. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to solve the disadvantages existing in the prior art, and a sesame harvesting integrated machine and a using method are proposed, which realize the integrated harvesting of sesame by the coordinated actions of "cut - gather - convey - beat - collect", with highly concentrated functions and meeting the usage requirements of modern agriculture.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A sesame harvesting integrated machine, including an integrated machine body, and the integrated machine body includes:

[0009] A lower - layer harvesting device arranged on a frame, and the lower - layer harvesting device is used to cut off the part of the sesame without fruits below to clear the obstacle for the machine to move forward;

[0010] An upper - layer harvesting and transporting device, and the upper - layer harvesting and transporting device is installed above the lower - layer harvesting device; the upper - layer harvesting and transporting device is used to fully gather the sesame stalks into the cutting range, integrating gathering and cutting;

[0011] A conveying and shelling device, and the conveying and shelling device is installed at the end of the upper - layer harvesting and transporting device and is connected thereto, and the conveying and shelling device is used for transporting sesame stalks, beating, and shelling sesame grains;

[0012] A vibration separation device, and the vibration separation device is arranged below the conveying and shelling device, and the vibration separation device is used to separate sesame and straw;

[0013] A storage device, and the storage device is arranged below the vibration separation device, and the storage device is used to collect the separated sesame.

[0014] Preferably, the lower - layer harvesting device includes an eccentric - wheel reciprocating mechanism, a conical pin, a locking ring, a saw blade, and a limit block. One end of the saw blade is connected to the eccentric - wheel reciprocating mechanism through the conical pin and the locking ring, and the other end of the saw blade is connected to the limit block through the conical pin and the locking ring.

[0015] Preferably, the upper - layer harvesting and transporting device includes a left gathering plate, a rotating shaft a, a middle gathering plate, a rotating shaft b, a bearing seat, a right gathering plate, a right gathering star wheel a, a right gathering star wheel b, a fixed shaft, a bottom plate, a rotating blade b, a right blade motor, a limit ring, a rotating blade a, a fixing plate, a left blade motor, a left gathering star wheel b, and a left gathering star wheel a;

[0016] A plurality of holes are formed in the bottom plate, and two cutting channels are arranged on the bottom plate. A left blade motor and a right blade motor are respectively arranged at the two cutting channels. The left blade motor is provided with a rotating blade a through the fixing plate, and the right blade motor is provided with a rotating blade b through the fixing plate;

[0017] A plurality of vertically arranged fixed shafts are provided on the bottom plate. The tops of the plurality of fixed shafts are respectively connected to a left gathering plate, a middle gathering plate, and a right gathering plate through limit rings. The left gathering plate, the middle gathering plate, and the right gathering plate are in the same horizontal position. The bottoms of the plurality of fixed shafts are connected to the bottom plate through limit rings;

[0018] Bearing seats are respectively installed on the middle gathering plate and the right gathering plate. A rotating shaft a and a rotating shaft b are respectively provided on the bearing seats. A left gathering star wheel a and a left gathering plate star wheel b are respectively sleeved on the upper end and the lower end of the rotating shaft a. A right gathering star wheel a and a right gathering star wheel b are respectively sleeved on the upper end and the lower end of the rotating shaft b.

[0019] Preferably, the upper harvesting and transporting device further includes a motor bracket, a transporting motor, a synchronous pulley a, a synchronous belt shaft a, a baffle, a synchronous belt, a synchronous belt shaft b, a synchronous pulley b, and a synchronous belt shaft b bracket;

[0020] The motor bracket a and the synchronous belt shaft b bracket are both installed on the bottom plate at intervals. A transporting motor is installed on the motor bracket a. A synchronous belt shaft a is connected to the output shaft of the transporting motor. A synchronous pulley a is sleeved on the synchronous belt shaft a; the synchronous belt shaft b is installed on the synchronous belt shaft b bracket. A synchronous pulley b is sleeved on the synchronous belt shaft b. The synchronous belt connects the synchronous pulley a and the synchronous pulley b. The baffle is installed in the middle of the synchronous belt and is connected to the bottom plate.

[0021] Preferably, the conveying and shelling device includes a conveyor belt a, a flapping motor, a flapping plate, a connecting rod, a rocker, a guide rail, a fixed profile, a side plate a, a conveyor belt b, a transmission belt coupling b, a conveyor belt motor b, a slider, a conveyor belt motor a, and a conveyor belt motor coupling a;

[0022] The conveyor belt motor b is installed below the synchronous belt shaft b bracket. The conveyor belt b is installed on the right side of the synchronous belt. The conveyor belt motor b is connected to the conveyor belt b through a conveyor belt coupling b. The side plate a is installed at the end of the conveyor belt b. The conveyor belt a is arranged below the side plate a, and the conveyor belt a and the conveyor belt b are in a three-dimensional vertical structure. The conveyor belt motor a is connected to the conveyor belt a through a conveyor belt motor coupling a;

[0023] Two groups of identical structures and spaced apart flapping components are provided on the conveyor belt a. The fixed profile of each group of flapping components is fixedly connected to the frame. A vertically arranged guide rail is installed on the fixed profile. The guide rail is slidably connected to a slider. The slider is connected to the flapping plate; a rocker is connected above the flapping plate through a connecting rod. A flapping motor is installed at the end of the rocker.

[0024] Preferably, the vibration separation device includes a first angle code mounting profile, a first angle code, a side plate b, a spring connection seat a, a spring a, a spring fixing seat a, a spring connection seat b, a spring b, a spring fixing seat b, a sieve plate b, and a sieve plate a;

[0025] The first angle code is connected to the sieve plate a through the side plate b, the first angle code is connected to the first angle code mounting profile, and the first angle code mounting profile is fixedly connected to the frame; there are two groups of first spring support components on one side close to the side plate b, and each group of first spring support components consists of a spring fixing seat a, a spring a, and a spring connection seat a, and the spring fixing seat a is connected to the spring connection seat a through the spring a; there are two groups of second spring support components on the side far from the side plate b, and each group of second spring support components consists of a spring fixing seat b, a spring b, and a spring connection seat b, and the spring fixing seat b is connected to the spring connection seat b through the spring b; above the spring connection seat a and the spring connection seat b, there are a sieve plate a and a sieve plate b, the sieve plate a and the sieve plate b are placed overlapping up and down, and a vibration motor is provided below the sieve plate b.

[0026] Preferably, the length of the spring a is greater than the length of the spring b, and both the sieve plate a and the sieve plate b are inclined; both the sieve plate a and the sieve plate b are provided with sieve holes evenly distributed at intervals, and the aperture of the sieve holes on the sieve plate a is larger than the aperture of the sieve holes on the sieve plate b.

[0027] Preferably, the storage device includes a second angle code, a storage mounting profile, a leakage plate, a storage box, and a storage box guide rail; the leakage plate is installed below the storage mounting profile, the storage box guide rail is connected to the storage mounting profile through several second angle codes, and the storage box is connected to the storage box guide rail in a matching manner; the storage box is used to collect the sesame seeds separated from the upper vibration separation device above, and the storage box can be pulled out along the storage box guide rail.

[0028] The present invention also provides a usage method of a sesame harvesting all-in-one machine, including the following steps:

[0029] Step 1: The lower-layer harvesting device cuts off the part of the sesame without fruits below to clear the obstacle for the machine to move forward;

[0030] Step 2: The upper-layer harvesting and transporting device further cuts the sesame stalks and transports them to the conveying and shelling device 3;

[0031] Step 3: The conveying and shelling device fully shells the sesame;

[0032] Step 4: The vibration separation device further separates the shelled sesame into sesame seeds;

[0033] Step 5: The storage device collects the sesame seeds to complete the integrated harvesting of sesame.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. The present invention realizes the integrated harvesting of sesame by the coordinated actions of "cut - gather - transfer - pat - collect", with highly concentrated functions.

[0036] 2. The present invention adopts an integrated gathering device to fully gather sesame stalks into the cutting range, effectively reducing the sesame loss rate; at the same time, only harvesting the upper - layer straw effectively reduces the volume of the harvesting machine body.

[0037] 3. The present invention adopts a lightweight design, using lightweight and high - strength materials to reduce the self - weight of the machine, improve mobility and reduce the degree of soil compaction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the lower - layer harvesting device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the upper - layer harvesting structure of the upper - layer harvesting and transportation device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the transportation structure of the upper - layer harvesting and transportation device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the conveying and shelling device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the vibration separation device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the storage device of the present invention.

[0045] In the figure: 1 - Lower layer harvesting device; 2 - Upper layer harvesting and transportation device; 3 - Conveyor molting device; 4 - Vibration separation device; 5 - Storage device; 6 - Eccentric wheel reciprocating mechanism; 7 - Taper pin; 8 - Locking ring; 9 - Saw blade; 10 - Limit block; 11 - Left closing plate; 12 - Rotating shaft a; 13 - Middle closing plate; 14 - Rotating shaft b; 15 - Bearing seat; 16 - Right closing plate; 17 - Right closing star wheel a; 18 - Right closing star wheel b; 19 - Fixed shaft; 20 - Base plate; 21 - Rotating blade b; 22 - Right blade motor; 23 - Limit ring; 24 - Rotating blade a; 25 - Fixed plate; 26 - Left blade motor; 27 - Left closing star wheel b; 28 - Left closing star wheel a; 29 - Motor bracket; 30 - Transportation motor; 31 - Synchronous belt pulley a; 32 - Synchronous belt shaft a; 33 - Baffle; 34 - Synchronous belt; 35 - Synchronous belt shaft b; 36 - Synchronous belt pulley b; 37 Synchronous belt shaft b bracket; 38 - Conveyor belt a; 39 - Beating motor; 40 - Beating plate; 41 - Connecting rod; 42 - Rocker; 43 - Guide rail; 44 - Fixed profile; 45 - Side plate a; 46 - Conveyor belt b; 47 - Drive belt coupling b; 48 - Conveyor belt motor b; 49 - Slide block; 50 Conveyor belt motor a; 51 - Conveyor belt motor coupling a; 52 - First angle code installation profile; 53 - First angle code; 54 - Side plate b; 55 - Spring connection seat a; 56 - Spring a; 57 - Spring fixed seat a; 58 - Spring connection seat b; 59 - Spring b; 60 - Spring fixed seat b; 61 - Sieve plate b; 62 - Sieve plate a; 63 - Second angle code; 64 - Storage installation profile; 65 - Leakage plate; 66 - Storage box; 67 - Storage box guide rail. Detailed implementation mode

[0046] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the advantages and features of the present invention, and thus make a clearer definition of the protection scope of the present invention. The embodiments described in the present invention are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] As Figure 1 shown, a sesame harvesting all-in-one machine includes an all-in-one machine body, and the all-in-one machine body includes:

[0048] A lower layer harvesting device 1 provided on the frame, and the lower layer harvesting device 1 is used to cut off the part without fruits below the sesame to clear the obstacles for the machine to move forward;

[0049] The upper harvesting and transporting device 2 is installed above the lower harvesting device 1; the upper harvesting and transporting device 2 is used to fully draw sesame stalks into the cutting range, integrating drawing and cutting;

[0050] The conveying and shelling device 3 is installed at the end of the upper harvesting and transporting device 2 and is connected thereto. The conveying and shelling device 3 is used for transporting sesame stalks, beating, and shelling sesame grains;

[0051] The vibration separation device 4 is arranged below the conveying and shelling device 3. The vibration separation device 4 is used for separating sesame and straw;

[0052] The storage device 5 is arranged below the vibration separation device 4. The storage device 5 is used for collecting the separated sesame.

[0053] As Figure 2 shown, the lower harvesting device 1 includes an eccentric wheel reciprocating mechanism 6, a conical pin 7, a locking ring 8, a saw blade 9, and a limit block 10. One end of the saw blade 9 is connected to the eccentric wheel reciprocating mechanism 6 through the conical pin 7 and the locking ring 8, and the other end of the saw blade 9 is connected to the limit block 10 through the conical pin 7 and the locking ring 8.

[0054] In this embodiment, the locking ring 8 is used to fix the conical pin 7. The eccentric wheel reciprocating mechanism 6 converts the rotational motion into a reciprocating linear motion to push the saw blade 9 to move. Under the limitation of the limit block 10, the normal movement of the saw blade is ensured, so that it can cut off the part of the sesame without fruits below.

[0055] As Figure 3 shown, the upper harvesting and transporting device 2 includes a left gathering plate 11, a rotating shaft a 12, a middle gathering plate 13, a rotating shaft b 14, a bearing seat 15, a right gathering plate 16, a right gathering star wheel a 17, a right gathering star wheel b 18, a fixed shaft 19, a bottom plate 20, a rotating blade b 21, a right blade motor 22, a limit ring 23, a rotating blade a 24, a fixing plate 25, a left blade motor 26, a left gathering star wheel b 27, and a left gathering star wheel a 28;

[0056] A plurality of holes are formed in the bottom plate 20, and two cutting channels are arranged on the bottom plate 20. A left blade motor 26 and a right blade motor 22 are respectively arranged at the two cutting channels. The left blade motor 26 is provided with a rotating blade a 24 through the fixing plate 25, and the right blade motor 22 is provided with a rotating blade b 21 through the fixing plate 25;

[0057] A plurality of vertically arranged fixed shafts 19 are provided on the bottom plate 20. The tops of the plurality of fixed shafts 19 are respectively connected to a left gathering plate 11, a middle gathering plate 13, and a right gathering plate 16 through limit rings 23. The left gathering plate 11, the middle gathering plate 13, and the right gathering plate 16 are in the same horizontal position. The bottoms of the plurality of fixed shafts 19 are connected to the bottom plate 20 through limit rings 23;

[0058] Bearing seats 15 are respectively installed on the middle gathering plate 13 and the right gathering plate 16. A rotating shaft a12 and a rotating shaft b14 are respectively provided on the bearing seats 15. The upper end and the lower end of the rotating shaft a12 are respectively sleeved with a left gathering star wheel a28 and a left gathering plate star wheel b27. The upper end and the lower end of the rotating shaft b14 are respectively sleeved with a right gathering star wheel a17 and a right gathering star wheel b18.

[0059] In this embodiment, when the upper harvesting and transporting device 2 is in use, the part containing sesame fruits above is squeezed by the bottom plate 20, the left gathering plate 11, the middle gathering plate 13, and the right gathering plate 16, and converges to the cutting path. The rotating blade a24 and the rotating blade b21 are respectively driven by a left blade motor 26 and a right blade motor 22 to cut the sesame stalks. The rotating shaft a12 and the rotating shaft b14 are driven by the motors below and start to rotate, driving the left gathering star wheel a28, the left gathering star wheel b27, the right gathering star wheel a17, and the right gathering star wheel b18 to rotate. There is a height difference between the left gathering star wheel a28 and the left gathering star wheel b27, which can incorporate sesame at different heights into the transportation structure.

[0060] As Figure 4 shown, the upper harvesting and transporting device 2 further includes a motor bracket 29, a transporting motor 30, a synchronous pulley a31, a synchronous belt shaft a32, a baffle 33, a synchronous belt 34, a synchronous belt shaft b35, a synchronous pulley b36, and a synchronous belt shaft b bracket 37;

[0061] The motor bracket a29 and the synchronous belt shaft b bracket 37 are both installed on the bottom plate 20 at intervals. A transporting motor 30 is installed on the motor bracket a29. The output shaft of the transporting motor 30 is connected to a synchronous belt shaft a32. A synchronous pulley a31 is sleeved on the synchronous belt shaft a32. The synchronous belt shaft b35 is installed on the synchronous belt shaft b bracket 37. A synchronous pulley b36 is sleeved on the synchronous belt shaft b35. The synchronous belt 34 connects the synchronous pulley a31 and the synchronous pulley b36. The baffle 33 is installed in the middle of the synchronous belt 34 and is connected to the bottom plate 20.

[0062] In this embodiment, when the sesame stalks are pushed to the transportation part by the left engaging star wheel a28, the left engaging star wheel b27, the right engaging star wheel a17, and the right engaging star wheel b18, the transportation motor 30 drives the synchronous belt shaft a32 to rotate. The synchronous belt shaft a32 drives the synchronous belt wheel a31 to rotate, and the synchronous belt wheel a31 drives the synchronous belt 34 to move. The synchronous belt 34 cooperates with the left engaging star wheel a28, the left engaging star wheel b27, the right engaging star wheel a17, and the right engaging star wheel b18 to transport the sesame stalks to one end. At the same time, the baffle 33 can prevent the sesame stalks from tipping over.

[0063] As Figure 5 shown, the conveying and shelling device 3 includes a conveyor belt a38, a flapping motor 39, a flapping plate 40, a connecting rod 41, a rocker 42, a guide rail 43, a fixed profile 44, a side plate a45, a conveyor belt b46, a conveyor belt coupling b47, a conveyor belt motor b48, a slider 49, a conveyor belt motor a50, and a conveyor belt motor coupling a51;

[0064] The conveyor belt motor b48 is installed below the synchronous belt shaft b bracket 37. The conveyor belt b46 is installed on the right side of the synchronous belt 34. The conveyor belt motor b48 is connected to the conveyor belt b46 through the conveyor belt coupling b47. The side plate a45 is installed at the end of the conveyor belt b46. The conveyor belt a38 is arranged below the side plate a45, and the conveyor belt a38 and the conveyor belt b46 are in a space perpendicular structure. The conveyor belt motor a50 is connected to the conveyor belt a38 through the conveyor belt motor coupling a51;

[0065] There are two sets of flapping components with the same structure and arranged at intervals on the conveyor belt a38. The fixed profile 44 of each set of flapping components is fixedly connected to the frame. A vertically arranged guide rail 43 is installed on the fixed profile 44. The guide rail 43 is slidably connected to a slider 49, and the slider 49 is connected to the flapping plate 40; A rocker 42 is connected above the flapping plate 40 through a connecting rod 41, and a flapping motor 39 is installed at the end of the rocker 42.

[0066] In this embodiment, the sesame stalks are transported to the conveyor belt b46 by the transportation device and driven by the conveyor belt coupling b47. The conveyor belt motor b48 drives the conveyor belt b46 to move. The sesame stalks then fall onto the side plate a45 and slide down to the conveyor belt a38 along the inclined plane. The side plate a45 can also prevent the sesame stalks from falling to the ground. Driven by the conveyor belt motor coupling a51, the conveyor belt motor a50 drives the conveyor belt a38 to move, thereby driving the sesame stalks to move. The flapping motor 39 drives the rocker 42, and drives the flapping plate 40 to move through the connecting rod 41. The flapping plate 40 is connected to the slider 49 and moves up and down along the guide rail 43 to flap the sesame stalks. Two sets of the same flapping components are arranged here to fully flap the sesame stalks and make the sesame grains shed their shells.

[0067] As Figure 6As shown, the vibration separation device 4 includes a first angle code mounting profile 52, a first angle code 53, a side plate b54, a spring connection seat a55, a spring a56, a spring fixing seat a57, a spring connection seat b58, a spring b59, a spring fixing seat b60, a sieve plate b61 and a sieve plate a62;

[0068] The first angle code 53 is connected to the sieve plate a62 through the side plate b54. The first angle code 53 is connected to the first angle code mounting profile 52, and the first angle code mounting profile 52 is fixedly connected to the frame. On one side close to the side plate b54, there are two groups of first spring support components. Each group of first spring support components consists of a spring fixing seat a57, a spring a56 and a spring connection seat a55. The spring fixing seat a57 is connected to the spring connection seat a55 through the spring a56. On the side far from the side plate b54, there are two groups of second spring support components. Each group of second spring support components consists of a spring fixing seat b60, a spring b59 and a spring connection seat b58. The spring fixing seat b60 is connected to the spring connection seat b58 through the spring b59. Above the spring connection seat a55 and the spring connection seat b58, there are a sieve plate a62 and a sieve plate b61. The sieve plate a62 and the sieve plate b61 are placed overlapping up and down. Below the sieve plate b61, there is a vibration motor.

[0069] Specifically, the length of the spring a56 is greater than the length of the spring b59. The sieve plate a62 and the sieve plate b61 are both inclined. The sieve plate a62 and the sieve plate b61 are both provided with sieve holes evenly distributed at intervals. And the aperture of the sieve holes on the sieve plate a62 is larger than the aperture of the sieve holes on the sieve plate b61.

[0070] In this embodiment, the first angle code 53 is a 120° angle code. In actual application, angle codes of other angles can also be selected to meet the actual use requirements. The side plate b54 is inclined. The sesame after being fully shelled is transported to the side plate b54 by the conveyor belt a38 and slides down along the inclined plane to the sieve plate b61 and the sieve plate a62. Since the length of the spring a56 is greater than the length of the spring b59, the sieve plate a62 and the sieve plate b61 are also in an inclined shape. A vibration motor is installed below the sieve plate b61 to provide continuous vibration, so that the sesame grains are fully separated from the sesame straws. Due to the installation method with the aperture decreasing from large to small, only the small sesame grains will pass through the aperture and reach the storage device 5 below, and the straws slide down along the sieve plate a62 and fall into the farmland through the opening on the leakage plate 65.

[0071] As Figure 7As shown in the figure, the storage device 5 includes a second corner code 63, a storage installation profile 64, a sieve plate 65, a storage box 66, and a storage box guide rail 67; the sieve plate 65 is installed below the storage installation profile 64, the storage box guide rail 67 is connected to the storage installation profile 64 through a plurality of second corner codes 63, and the storage box 66 is connected in cooperation with the storage box guide rail 67; the storage box 66 is used to collect the sesame seeds separated from the upper vibration separation device 4 above, and the storage box 66 can be pulled out along the storage box guide rail 67.

[0072] A method for using a sesame harvesting all-in-one machine includes the following steps:

[0073] Step 1: The lower harvesting device 1 cuts off the part of the sesame without fruits below to clear the obstacle for the machine to move forward;

[0074] Step 2: The upper harvesting and transporting device 2 further cuts the sesame stalks and transports them to the conveying and shelling device 3;

[0075] Step 3: The conveying and shelling device 3 fully shells the sesame;

[0076] Step 4: The vibration separation device 4 further separates the shelled sesame into sesame seeds;

[0077] Step 5: The storage device 5 collects the sesame seeds to complete the integrated harvesting of sesame.

[0078] In summary, the present invention realizes the integrated harvesting of sesame through the coordinated actions of "cut - gather - convey - beat - collect", with highly concentrated functions; the present invention adopts an integrated gathering device to fully gather the sesame stalks into the cutting range, effectively reducing the sesame loss rate; at the same time, the harvesting machine volume is effectively reduced by only harvesting the upper straws; the present invention adopts a lightweight design and uses lightweight and high-strength materials to reduce the machine's own weight, improve mobility, and reduce the degree of soil compaction.

[0079] The descriptions and practices disclosed in the present invention are easy to think and understand for ordinary technicians in the technical field. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can also be made. Therefore, the modifications or improvements made without deviating from the spirit of the present invention should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sesame harvesting machine, comprising a machine body, characterized in that: The integrated machine body comprises: A lower harvesting device (1) is arranged on the frame, and the lower harvesting device (1) is used to cut off the part without fruit below the sesame seeds to remove obstacles to the machine's forward movement; An upper harvesting and transporting device (2), the upper harvesting and transporting device (2) being installed above the lower harvesting device (1); the upper harvesting and transporting device (2) is used to fully bring the sesame stalks into the cutting range, integrating the sesame stalks and the cutting; A conveying and hulling device (3), the conveying and hulling device (3) is installed at the end of the upper harvesting and transportation device (2) and connected thereto, and the conveying and hulling device (3) is used for transporting sesame stalks, beating sesame seeds, and hulling sesame seeds; A vibration separation device (4), the vibration separation device (4) is arranged below the conveying hulling device (3), and the vibration separation device (4) is used to separate sesame and straw; A storage device (5), the storage device (5) being arranged below the vibration separation device (4), and the storage device (5) being used to collect the separated sesame seeds; The lower layer harvesting device (1) comprises an eccentric wheel reciprocating mechanism (6), a conical pin (7), a locking ring (8), a saw blade (9) and a limit block (10); one end of the saw blade (9) is connected to the eccentric wheel reciprocating mechanism (6) via the conical pin (7) and the locking ring (8); the other end of the saw blade (9) is connected to the limit block (10) via the conical pin (7) and the locking ring (8); The upper layer harvesting and transporting device (2) comprises a left engaging plate (11), a rotating shaft a (12), a middle engaging plate (13), a rotating shaft b (14), a bearing seat (15), a right engaging plate (16), a right engaging star wheel a (17), a right engaging star wheel b (18), a fixed shaft (19), a bottom plate (20), a rotating blade b (21), a right blade motor (22), a limiting ring (23), a rotating blade a (24), a fixed plate (25), a left blade motor (26), a left engaging star wheel b (27) and a left engaging star wheel a (28); The bottom plate (20) is provided with a plurality of holes, and the bottom plate (20) is provided with two cutting paths, and a left blade motor (26) and a right blade motor (22) are respectively provided at the two cutting paths, the left blade motor (26) is provided with a rotating blade a (24) through a fixing plate (25), and the right blade motor (22) is provided with a rotating blade b (21) through a fixing plate (25); The bottom plate (20) is provided with a plurality of vertically arranged fixed shafts (19), the tops of the plurality of fixed shafts (19) are respectively connected to a left holding plate (11), a middle holding plate (13) and a right holding plate (16) through limiting rings (23), the left holding plate (11), the middle holding plate (13) and the right holding plate (16) are in the same horizontal position, and the bottoms of the plurality of fixed shafts (19) are connected to the bottom plate (20) through limiting rings (23); The middle holding plate (13) and the right holding plate (16) are respectively provided with bearing seats (15), and the bearing seats (15) are respectively provided with a rotating shaft a (12) and a rotating shaft b (14), and the upper end and the lower end of the rotating shaft a (12) are respectively sleeved with a left holding star wheel a (28) and a left holding plate star wheel b (27), and the upper end and the lower end of the rotating shaft b (14) are respectively sleeved with a right holding star wheel a (17) and a right holding star wheel b (18); The upper harvesting and transporting device (2) further comprises a motor support (29), a transporting motor (30), a synchronous belt pulley a (31), a synchronous belt shaft a (32), a baffle (33), a synchronous belt (34), a synchronous belt shaft b (35), a synchronous belt pulley b (36) and a synchronous belt shaft b support (37); The motor bracket (29) and the synchronous belt shaft b bracket (37) are both installed on the bottom plate (20) at intervals; a transport motor (30) is installed on the motor bracket (29); a synchronous belt shaft a (32) is connected to the output shaft of the transport motor (30); a synchronous belt shaft a (31) is sleeved on the synchronous belt shaft a (32); the synchronous belt shaft b (35) is installed on the synchronous belt shaft b bracket (37); a synchronous belt shaft b (35) is sleeved on the synchronous belt shaft b (36); the synchronous belt (34) connects the synchronous belt pulley a (31) and the synchronous belt pulley b (36); the baffle (33) is installed in the middle of the synchronous belt (34) and is connected to the bottom plate (20); The conveying shell-molting device (3) comprises a conveyor belt a (38), a beating motor (39), a beating plate (40), a connecting rod (41), a rocker (42), a guide rail (43), a fixed profile (44), a side plate a (45), a conveyor belt b (46), a transmission belt coupling b (47), a conveyor belt motor b (48), a slider (49), a conveyor belt motor a (50) and a conveyor belt motor coupling a (51); The conveyor belt motor b (48) is installed below the synchronous belt shaft b bracket (37), the conveyor belt b (46) is installed on the right side of the synchronous belt (34), the conveyor belt motor b (48) is connected to the conveyor belt b (46) through a transmission belt coupling b (47), the side plate a (45) is installed at the end of the conveyor belt b (46), the conveyor belt a (38) is arranged below the side plate a (45), and the conveyor belt a (38) and the conveyor belt b (46) are in a vertical spatial structure, and the conveyor belt motor a (50) is connected to the conveyor belt a (38) through a conveyor belt motor coupling a (51); The conveyor belt a (38) is provided with two groups of beating assemblies of the same structure and arranged at intervals, the fixed profile (44) of each group of beating assemblies is fixedly connected to the frame, the fixed profile (44) is installed with a vertically arranged guide rail (43), the guide rail (43) is slidably connected with a slider (49), and the slider (49) is connected to a beating plate (40); the upper part of the beating plate (40) is connected with a rocker (42) through a connecting rod (41), and a beating motor (39) is installed at the end of the rocker (42).

2. The sesame harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration separation device (4) comprises a first angle bracket mounting profile (52), a first angle bracket (53), a side plate b (54), a spring connecting seat a (55), a spring a (56), a spring fixing seat a (57), a spring connecting seat b (58), a spring b (59), a spring fixing seat b (60), a sieve plate b (61) and a sieve plate a (62); The first angle bracket (53) is connected to the sieve plate a (62) through the side plate b (54), the first angle bracket (53) is connected to the first angle bracket mounting profile (52), and the first angle bracket mounting profile (52) is fixedly connected to the frame; two groups of first spring support assemblies are provided on the side close to the side plate b (54), each group of first spring support assemblies is composed of a spring fixing seat a (57), a spring a (56) and a spring connecting seat a (55), and the spring fixing seat a (57) is connected to the spring connecting seat a (55) through the spring a (56); away from the side plate b (54), ...). Two groups of second spring support assemblies are provided on one side of the side plate b (54), each group of the second spring support assemblies is composed of a spring fixing seat b (60), a spring b (59) and a spring connecting seat b (58), wherein the spring fixing seat b (60) is connected to the spring connecting seat b (58) via the spring b (59); a sieve plate a (62) and a sieve plate b (61) are provided above the spring connecting seat a (55) and the spring connecting seat b (58), wherein the sieve plate a (62) and the sieve plate b (61) are overlapped and arranged up and down, and a vibration motor is provided below the sieve plate b (61).

3. The sesame harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the spring a (56) is greater than the length of the spring b (59), and the sieve plate a (62) and the sieve plate b (61) are both inclined; the sieve plates a (62) and the sieve plates b (61) are both provided with sieve holes evenly spaced, and the aperture of the sieve holes on the sieve plate a (62) is greater than the aperture of the sieve holes on the sieve plate b (61).

4. The sesame harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage device (5) comprises a second angle bracket (63), a storage installation profile (64), a leak plate (65), a storage box (66) and a storage box guide rail (67); the leak plate (65) is installed below the storage installation profile (64); the storage box guide rail (67) is connected to the storage installation profile (64) through a plurality of second angle brackets (63); the storage box (66) is cooperatively connected to the storage box guide rail (67); the storage box (66) is used to collect sesame seeds separated from the upper vibration separation device (4), and the storage box (66) can be pulled out along the storage box guide rail (67).

5. The method for using the sesame harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The lower harvesting device (1) cuts off the part without fruits below the sesame seeds to remove obstacles for the machine to move forward; Step 2: The upper harvesting and transporting device (2) further cuts the sesame stalks and transports them to the hulling device (3); Step 3, the sesame seeds are fully hulled by the hulling device (3); Step 4: The vibrating separation device (4) further separates the hulled sesame seeds into sesame seeds; Step 5: The storage device (5) collects the sesame seeds to complete the integrated harvesting of sesame seeds.

Images