A full-spectrum light control method to increase blueberry yield and quality in greenhouses

Abstract

A full-spectrum light control method for promoting both yield and quality increases in greenhouse blueberries belongs to the field of plant lighting technology, and in particular relates to a light control method for promoting both yield and quality increases in greenhouse blueberries. This method solves the problem that existing blueberry lighting technology cannot promote both yield and quality increases in blueberries. The method includes the following steps: Step 1: During a preset autumn time period, autumn light is used to irradiate the greenhouse blueberries; Step 2: During a preset spring time period, spring light is used to irradiate the greenhouse blueberries. The full-spectrum light control method for promoting both yield and quality increases in greenhouse blueberries is suitable for greenhouse blueberry cultivation and promotes both yield and quality increases in greenhouse blueberries.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plant lighting, and in particular to a lighting control method for promoting both yield and quality increase of blueberries in a facility. Background Art

[0002] blueberry( Vaccinium spp. ) belongs to Ericaceae ( Ericaceae ) Vaccinium ( Vaccinium Blueberries are a plant native to the U.S. and Canada. Ripe blueberries are often dark blue or bluish-purple, with a unique sweet and sour flavor. Rich in sugars, acids, vitamins, anthocyanins, polyphenols, and other nutrients, they boast numerous benefits, including eye protection, antioxidants, anti-tumor properties, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease prevention. Listed as one of the five healthiest foods by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, they are a popular small berry.

[0003] The rapid development of protected agriculture has made it possible to grow and harvest crops outside of traditional seasons. Protected blueberry cultivation offers significant advantages in climate control, precise environmental management, pest and disease control, flexible production cycles, improved quality, and standardized production. This has led to a year-on-year expansion in the area of blueberry cultivation, making it the cultivation method with the greatest potential for development.

[0004] Light, a key factor influencing blueberry growth and development, is particularly important in greenhouse cultivation. Natural light is often insufficient in greenhouse cultivation, which impacts photosynthesis and flower bud differentiation, further affecting yield and quality. Understanding the plant's light requirements and providing appropriate lighting conditions are crucial aspects of greenhouse cultivation.

[0005] In the prior art, there are technical solutions for promoting the early ripening of blueberries by controlling light conditions. For example, the Chinese invention patent document with publication number "CN117296622A" and application date "20231229" discloses a "method and device for promoting the early ripening of blueberries under greenhouse substrate cultivation conditions", which provides a method and device for promoting the early ripening of blueberries under greenhouse substrate cultivation conditions. The method for promoting the early ripening of blueberries under greenhouse substrate cultivation conditions includes cultivating blueberry plants in a greenhouse to allow the blueberry plants to grow new branches; after the new branches of the blueberry plants grow to a predetermined state, the blueberry plants are subjected to shading treatment for at least fifteen days, and the shading treatment step includes covering the blueberry plants with shading materials between 4 and 7 pm on the day of the shading treatment, and removing the shading materials between 6 and 9 am on the second day of the shading treatment to allow the blueberry plants to receive light. The method provided in this application shortens the light exposure time of blueberry plants to induce blueberry plants to complete flower bud differentiation earlier and enter the flower and fruit growth and development stage, which can promote early flowering of blueberries, advance the time when blueberries mature and go on the market, reduce the risk of unsold and low prices for producers, and better meet the needs of consumers.

[0006] However, the blueberry lighting technologies represented by the above patent documents can only promote the early growth of blueberries, but cannot achieve a dual increase in blueberry yield and quality.

[0007] In summary, although light can promote the growth and development of facility (cultivated) blueberries, how to promote the dual improvement of blueberry yield and quality by precisely controlling light parameters such as light intensity, light duration and spectral distribution remains an unresolved problem in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention proposes a full-spectrum light control method for promoting both yield and quality increase of blueberries in facilities, solving the problem that existing blueberry lighting technology cannot promote both yield and quality improvement of blueberries.

[0009] The technical solution of the full-spectrum light control method for promoting both yield and quality increase of greenhouse blueberries described in the present invention is as follows:

[0010] The method comprises the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: During a preset autumn time period, the blueberries in the facility are irradiated with autumn light. The light control parameters of the autumn light are:

[0012] The light quantum flux density is 300~600μmol / m 2 .s, the photoperiod is from 7:30 am to 5:30 pm, and the light duration is 8-10 h / d;

[0013] Step 2: Use spring illumination light to illuminate the blueberries in the facility during the preset time period in spring:

[0014] Spring light was used to simulate the natural light pattern to regulate the light of blueberries in the facility. The light cycle was from 6:30 am to 18:30 pm and the light duration was 6~12h / d.

[0015] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the autumn illumination light and the spring illumination light are both full-spectrum light; the full-spectrum light includes ultraviolet light, visible light and infrared light, and its wavelength range is 200nm~1050nm.

[0016] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the blueberries grown in the facility are blueberries cultivated under glass or polyethylene film greenhouse conditions.

[0017] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the preset time period in autumn is the flower bud differentiation period of facility blueberries.

[0018] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein in the step of irradiating the blueberries in the facility with autumn irradiation light during a preset time period in autumn:

[0019] Keep the blueberries in the dark outside of the light cycle each day.

[0020] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein the preset time period in spring is the blueberry sprouting period in the facility.

[0021] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein in the step of irradiating the blueberries in the facility with spring irradiation light during a preset time period in spring:

[0022] Regularly adjust the irradiation height of the spring light so that the irradiation height of the spring light changes with the changes in the height of the blueberry plants in the facility.

[0023] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, wherein in the step of irradiating the blueberries in the facility with spring irradiation light during a preset time period in spring:

[0024] Spring light is used to simulate the natural light pattern to regulate the light of blueberries in the facility:

[0025] From 6:30 to 7:30 in the morning to 11:00 in the afternoon, the light quantum flux density increases uniformly from weak to strong;

[0026] At 11:00 noon, the light quantum flux density reaches the highest set value and maintains it for 2 hours;

[0027] From 13:00 in the afternoon, the light quantum flux density begins to decrease evenly from strong to weak, and the even decrease of light quantum flux density ends between 16:30 and 18:30;

[0028] Among them, when the light quantum flux density starts to increase uniformly and ends to decrease uniformly, the light quantum flux density is 0~50μmol / m 2 .s; the maximum setting value of the light quantum flux density is 250~450μmol / m 2 .s.

[0029] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The full-spectrum light control method for promoting both yield and quality of greenhouse blueberries described in the present invention performs phased light control in two preset time periods of autumn and spring for greenhouse blueberries, effectively improving the light environment conditions within the facility, promoting the growth and development of blueberries, and ultimately improving the quality and yield of greenhouse blueberry fruits, further enhancing the economic benefits of blueberry production.

[0031] 2. The full-spectrum light control method for promoting both yield and quality of greenhouse blueberries described in the present invention, compared with conventional natural light cultivation, shows that after light control treatment during a preset period of time in autumn, the quality of individual blueberry flower buds is significantly higher than that of conventional natural light cultivation. Furthermore, after light control treatment during a preset period of time in spring, the yield of greenhouse blueberries is increased, the production of secondary metabolites is affected, and the accumulation of polyphenols and anthocyanins in the fruit is promoted, resulting in a significant improvement in quality indicators such as anthocyanin content and polyphenol content, thereby achieving a dual increase in the quantity and quality of greenhouse-cultivated blueberries.

[0032] The full-spectrum light control method for promoting both yield and quality increase of greenhouse blueberries described in the present invention is suitable for the cultivation of greenhouse blueberries and promotes both yield and quality increase of greenhouse blueberries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a comparison chart of the autumn single flower bud quality of blueberries cultivated using a full-spectrum light control method to promote both yield and quality of greenhouse blueberries and using natural light irradiation in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a graph comparing the fruit yield of blueberries cultivated using a full-spectrum light-controlled method to increase both yield and quality of greenhouse blueberries and natural light irradiation, in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of anthocyanin content in blueberries grown using a full-spectrum light-controlled method to increase both yield and quality of greenhouse blueberries and using natural light irradiation, in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of the total polyphenol content of blueberries cultivated using a full-spectrum light control method to promote both yield and quality of greenhouse blueberries and natural light irradiation in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly described, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The various embodiments described below are only part of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, rather than all implementation plans; the various embodiments described below are intended to explain the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention; the reasonable combination of the technical features defined in the various embodiments of the present invention, as well as all other implementation plans obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative work, all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Implementation Method 1: Combination Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment provides a full-spectrum light control method for increasing both the yield and quality of blueberries in greenhouses. The specific implementation contents are as follows:

[0040] The method comprises the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: During a preset autumn time period, the blueberries in the facility are irradiated with autumn light. The light control parameters of the autumn light are:

[0042] The light quantum flux density is 300~600μmol / m 2 .s, the photoperiod is from 7:30 am to 5:30 pm, and the light duration is 8-10 h / d;

[0043] Step 2: Use spring illumination light to illuminate the blueberries in the facility during the preset time period in spring:

[0044] Spring light was used to simulate the natural light pattern to regulate the light of blueberries in the facility. The light cycle was from 6:30 am to 18:30 pm and the light duration was 6~12h / d.

[0045] It should be noted that when autumn light is used to irradiate blueberries in the facility, the light quantum flux density is 300~600μmol / m 2 .s refers to the light quantum flux density irradiating the average layer of the upper leaves of the blueberry plant in the facility, which is 300~600μmol / m 2 .s.

[0046] In this embodiment, in 6 to 12 h / d, ~ represents “to”, h represents “hour”, and / d represents “every day”.

[0047] In this embodiment, by performing phased lighting control in two preset time periods of autumn and spring for blueberries in the facility, the light environment conditions in the facility are effectively improved, the growth and development of blueberries are promoted, and ultimately the quality and yield of the blueberries in the facility are improved.

[0048] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, autumn illumination light is used to illuminate the blueberries in the facility during a preset time period in autumn; the light control parameters of the autumn illumination light are:

[0049] The light quantum flux density is 450 μmol / m 2 .s, the light cycle is from 7:30 am to 16:30 pm, and the light duration is 9h / d.

[0050] In this embodiment, generally speaking, the distance between the irradiation height of the autumn irradiation light and the average layer of the upper leaves of the blueberry plant is 40 to 60 cm.

[0051] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, when the blueberries in the facility are irradiated with spring illumination light during a preset time period in spring, the light cycle is from 7:30 to 16:30 and the illumination duration is 9 hours / day.

[0052] In this embodiment, facility blueberry cultivation is a modern agricultural cultivation method, which refers to the use of engineering technology to carry out efficient agricultural production in a relatively controllable environment under specific facilities (such as multi-span greenhouses, solar greenhouses, plastic greenhouses, small arch sheds and breeding sheds). Facility blueberries here refer to blueberries cultivated under facility conditions. It should be noted that light is an important environmental factor affecting the growth and development of plants. It has a wide range of regulatory effects on the morphological construction, physiological metabolism, photoperiodic response, growth and development, and fruit quality of plants. The quality of light conditions directly affects the yield and quality of plants. Light intensity (photon flux density) directly affects the growth, development and structural characteristics of plants; photoperiod mainly affects the floral induction and flower bud differentiation of plants; and light quality also affects the growth of plants and the formation of fruit quality.

[0053] The spectrum of light also influences blueberry growth and fruit quality. Blue light and ultraviolet (UV-A) within full-spectrum lighting significantly promote the synthesis of pigments such as anthocyanins and flavonoids. Sufficient blue light and appropriate UV exposure can impart vibrant colors to blueberries, enhancing their sensory quality and market value. Red and far-red light within full-spectrum lighting help improve the transport efficiency of photosynthetic products and promote sugar accumulation in the fruit. A high sugar content not only affects fruit sweetness but is also a key indicator of blueberry quality. Full-spectrum lighting influences plant secondary metabolism, promoting the synthesis of flavor compounds such as volatile aroma compounds and organic acids. These compounds play a key role in the taste and flavor of blueberries.

[0054] Implementation Method 2: Combination Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment further defines the light control method for increasing both yield and quality of blueberries in greenhouses based on a full spectrum of light as described in the first embodiment. Specific implementation details are as follows:

[0055] The autumn illumination light and the spring illumination light are both full-spectrum light; the full-spectrum light includes ultraviolet light, visible light and infrared light, and its wavelength range is 200nm~1050nm.

[0056] It should be noted that the wavelength range of natural sunlight (referred to as natural light) is 150 to 4000 nm, while the wavelength range of the full-spectrum light is 200 nm to 1050 nm. The full-spectrum light can emit a spectrum close to that of natural light.

[0057] In this embodiment, the full-spectrum light can be emitted using existing equipment. For example, the dedicated equipment for biological growth full-cycle light environment experiments, model "FSL-BGL-DL010 - LED1000," can precisely control lighting parameters and emit a spectrum with good continuity and integrity.

[0058] The biological growth full-cycle light environment experiment special equipment is an LED full-cycle light environment experiment special equipment, which has a wavelength range of 200nm~1050nm, can emit visible spectrum and invisible spectrum, that is, it can emit a spectrum that simulates natural light and perform precise control, providing the best spectral distribution and ratio for blueberries.

[0059] Implementation Method 3: Combination Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment further defines the light control method for increasing both yield and quality of blueberries in greenhouses based on a full spectrum of light as described in the first embodiment. Specific implementation details are as follows:

[0060] The facility blueberries are blueberries cultivated under glass or polyethylene film greenhouse conditions.

[0061] Implementation Method 4: Combination Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment further defines the light control method for increasing both yield and quality of blueberries in greenhouses based on a full spectrum of light as described in the first embodiment. Specific implementation details are as follows:

[0062] The preset time period in autumn is the flower bud differentiation period of facility blueberries.

[0063] In this embodiment, the flower bud differentiation period of the greenhouse blueberry is from the beginning of the cessation of autumn shoot growth of the blueberry (i.e., the greenhouse blueberry) to the early dormancy stage, and the total number of days of light regulation at this time is 35 to 45 days.

[0064] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, during the blueberry flower bud differentiation period, the total number of days of light regulation is 45 days.

[0065] Implementation Method 5: Combination Figures 1 to 4This embodiment further defines the light control method for increasing both yield and quality of blueberries in greenhouses based on a full spectrum of light as described in the first embodiment. Specific implementation details are as follows:

[0066] In the step of irradiating the blueberries in the facility with autumn irradiation light during a preset time period in autumn:

[0067] Keep the blueberries in the dark outside of the light cycle each day.

[0068] In this embodiment, the time outside the light period of each day (ie, the period from 7:30 am to 5:30 pm) refers to the time outside 7:30 am to 5:30 pm of each day.

[0069] In this embodiment, a method of covering the greenhouse where the blueberries are located with a quilt is adopted to keep the blueberries in a light-proof state.

[0070] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, when the light cycle is between 7:30 and 16:30, the blueberries in the greenhouse are kept in a dark state (the greenhouse is covered with a quilt) outside the time period between 7:30 and 16:30.

[0071] Implementation Method 6: Combination Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment further defines the light control method for increasing both yield and quality of blueberries in greenhouses based on a full spectrum of light as described in the first embodiment. Specific implementation details are as follows:

[0072] The preset time period in spring is the budding period of blueberries in the facility.

[0073] In this embodiment, the blueberry budding period of the facility is from the start of blueberry flower bud swelling to the leaf expansion period, and the total number of days of light regulation at this time is 30d~40d.

[0074] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, during the budding period of blueberries in the facility, the total number of days of light regulation is 40 days.

[0075] Implementation Method VII: Combination Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment further defines the light control method for increasing both yield and quality of blueberries in greenhouses based on a full spectrum of light as described in the first embodiment. Specific implementation details are as follows:

[0076] In the step of irradiating the blueberries in the facility with spring irradiation light during a preset time period in spring:

[0077] Regularly adjust the irradiation height of the spring light so that the irradiation height of the spring light changes with the changes in the height of the blueberry plants in the facility.

[0078] In this embodiment, generally speaking, the distance between the irradiation height of the spring irradiation light and the average layer of the upper leaves of the blueberry plant is 40 to 60 cm.

[0079] Implementation Method 8: Combination Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment further defines the light control method for increasing both yield and quality of blueberries in greenhouses based on a full spectrum of light as described in the first embodiment. Specific implementation details are as follows:

[0080] In the step of irradiating the blueberries in the facility with spring irradiation light during a preset time period in spring:

[0081] Spring light is used to simulate the natural light pattern to regulate the light of blueberries in the facility:

[0082] From 6:30 to 7:30 in the morning to 11:00 in the afternoon, the light quantum flux density increases uniformly from weak to strong;

[0083] At 11:00 noon, the light quantum flux density reaches the highest set value and maintains it for 2 hours;

[0084] From 13:00 in the afternoon, the light quantum flux density begins to decrease evenly from strong to weak, and the even decrease of light quantum flux density ends between 16:30 and 18:30;

[0085] Among them, when the light quantum flux density starts to increase uniformly and ends to decrease uniformly, the light quantum flux density is 0~50μmol / m 2 .s; the maximum setting value of the light quantum flux density is 250~450μmol / m 2 .s.

[0086] In this embodiment, the full-spectrum light control method for increasing both yield and quality of greenhouse blueberries is summarized as follows, in chronological order from autumn to spring:

[0087] Step 1: When the blueberry plant enters the autumn flower bud differentiation period, that is, from the time when the blueberry plant stops growing in autumn to the beginning of dormancy, light control treatment is carried out. The total number of light control days is 35-45 days; the light control parameters (or light parameters) are light quantum flux density of 300-600 μmol / m 2 .s, the photoperiod is from 7:30 to 17:30, and the light duration is 8 to 10 hours / day; during the same period, the greenhouse is covered with a quilt outside the photoperiod of 7:30 to 17:30 (so that the blueberries in the facility are not exposed to light);

[0088] Step 2: After the light regulation treatment in autumn, the blueberries in the facility enter the dormant period and normal dormant production management is carried out;

[0089] Step 3: The dormant period of blueberries in the facility ends and they enter the spring sprouting period, which is from the beginning of blueberry flower bud expansion to the early stage of leaf expansion. At this time, light regulation treatment is carried out, and the total number of light control days is 30-40 days; simulate the natural light exposure law, and regulate the light quantum flux density from 6:30-7:30 to 11:00 to increase uniformly from weak to strong, reach the highest set value at 11:00 noon and maintain for 2 hours, and start to decrease uniformly from strong to weak at 13:00 in the afternoon and end at 16:30-18:30; the light quantum flux density at the start and end is 0-50μmol / m 2 .s, the maximum setting value of the light quantum flux density is 250~450μmol / m 2 .s.

[0090] Step 4: After the spring light regulation treatment, the blueberries in the facility enter the peak flowering period, and then routine production management is carried out until the next autumn flower bud differentiation period.

[0091] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, spring light is used to simulate the natural light pattern to regulate the light of the blueberries in the facility:

[0092] The light quantum flux density was adjusted to increase uniformly from weak to strong from 6:30 to 7:30 to 11:00; it reached the highest set value at 11:00 noon and maintained for 2 hours; at 13:00 in the afternoon, it began to decrease uniformly from strong to weak and ended at 16:30 to 18:30; the light quantum flux density at the start and end was 100 μmol / m 2 .s, the maximum setting value of the light quantum flux density is 350μmol / m 2 .s.

[0093] In this embodiment, from Figures 1 to 4 It can be seen that the blueberries cultivated using the full-spectrum light control method to promote the dual increase of facility blueberry yield and quality have significantly improved the quality of single flower buds in autumn, fruit yield, fruit anthocyanin content and total polyphenol content in fruit compared with the blueberries cultivated using natural light. At the same time, it can also be seen that the light quantum flux density and light duration have a great influence on the growth of blueberries.

[0094] from Figure 1 It can be seen that the light quantum flux density is 450μmol / m 2 .s, the autumn single flower bud mass of blueberry was obtained, compared with the light quantum flux density of 300μmol / m 2 .s or 600 μmol / m 2 .s, that is, the mass of a single flower bud in autumn is not directly proportional to the light quantum flux density.

[0095] from Figure 2It can be seen that the light quantum flux density is 350μmol / m 2 .s and the illumination duration is 9 hours, the blueberry fruit yield is much greater than the yield obtained in other cases in the figure. The relationship between blueberry fruit yield and light quantum flux density and illumination duration is not a simple proportional relationship.

[0096] from Figure 3 It can be seen that the light quantum flux density is 350μmol / m 2 .s and the illumination duration is 6 hours, and the light quantum flux density is 450μmol / m 2 .s and the illumination duration is 9 hours, the anthocyanin content of the blueberry fruit is greater than that obtained in other situations in the figure. The relationship between the anthocyanin content of the blueberry fruit and the light quantum flux density and the illumination duration is not a simple proportional relationship.

[0097] from Figure 4 It can be seen that the light quantum flux density is 450μmol / m 2 .s and the illumination duration is 9 hours, the total polyphenol content of blueberry fruit is greater than that obtained in other situations in the figure. The relationship between the total polyphenol content of blueberry fruit and the light quantum flux density and illumination duration is not a simple proportional relationship.

[0098] In summary, from Figures 1 to 4 It can be seen that there is a relatively complex relationship between the quality of individual flower buds, fruit yield, fruit anthocyanin content and total polyphenol content of blueberries in autumn and the photon flux density and illumination duration. How to accurately control light parameters such as photon flux density (or light intensity), illumination time, rhythmic changes, spectral distribution and spectral ratio to promote the dual improvement of blueberry yield and quality has indeed been a technical challenge in the past.

[0099] Implementation Method 9: Combination Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment is described. This embodiment provides three specific examples for the above-mentioned full-spectrum-based light control method for increasing both the yield and quality of greenhouse blueberries.

[0100] The first specific embodiment:

[0101] This embodiment uses a dedicated device for biological growth full-cycle light environment experiment that can accurately control light parameters. The wavelength range of the device is 200nm~1050nm, and the light quantum flux density range is 1μmol / m 2 .s~1500μmol / m 2 .s, irradiance range is 1uW / cm 2 ~16000uW / cm 2, with an accuracy of ±1%, it can emit visible and invisible spectra close to natural light, and simulate the full-cycle light environment of natural light, providing accurate experimental data support.

[0102] In this example, three-year-old northern highbush blueberries with uniform growth were selected as test materials and planted in a greenhouse of the Institute of Natural Science and Ecology of the Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences; the pH value of the planting soil was 4.2-5.3, and the relative humidity of the air was 60-80%.

[0103] In this embodiment, light control treatment of blueberries in the facility is carried out during the preset autumn period, that is, from the beginning of the cessation of blueberry autumn shoot growth to the early stage of dormancy, with a total light control period of 35 days.

[0104] The autumn illumination parameters of this example are a light quantum flux density of 300 μmol / m 2 .s, the photoperiod is from 7:30 to 16:30, and the light duration is 9h / d; during the same period, the greenhouse is covered with a quilt (no light state) outside the photoperiod of 7:30 to 16:30;

[0105] In this embodiment, light control treatment of blueberries in the facility is carried out during the preset time period in spring, that is, from the beginning of blueberry flower bud expansion to the leaf expansion period, and the total light control time is 30 days;

[0106] The photoperiod of the spring illumination in this embodiment is from 7:30 to 16:30, and the illumination duration is 9h / d;

[0107] The spring light control treatment in this embodiment also includes simulating the natural light irradiation pattern, regulating the light quantum flux density from weak to strong from 7:30 to 11:00, reaching the highest set value at 11:00 noon and maintaining it for 2 hours, and then uniformly decreasing from strong to weak starting at 13:00 in the afternoon and ending at 16:30; the light quantum flux density at the start and end is 20μmol / m 2 .s, the maximum setting value of the light quantum flux density is 350μmol / m 2 .s.

[0108] Compared with conventional natural light cultivation, after light control treatment in the preset autumn time period of this embodiment, the quality of single blueberry flower buds was significantly higher than that of conventional natural light cultivation; after light control treatment in the preset spring time period of this embodiment, the yield of facility blueberries was ultimately significantly improved, and by affecting secondary metabolism, the accumulation of total polyphenols and anthocyanins in the fruit was promoted, and quality indicators such as anthocyanin content and total polyphenol content were improved, achieving both quantitative and qualitative improvements in facility-cultivated blueberries.

[0109] The second specific embodiment:

[0110] This embodiment provides a light control method for promoting both yield and quality increase of blueberries cultivated in a facility.

[0111] This embodiment uses a dedicated device for biological growth full-cycle light environment experiment that can accurately control light parameters.

[0112] In this example, three-year-old northern highbush blueberries with uniform growth were selected as test materials and planted in a greenhouse of the Institute of Natural Science and Ecology of the Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences; the pH value of the planting soil was 4.2-5.3, and the relative humidity of the air was 60-80%.

[0113] In this embodiment, light control treatment of blueberries in the facility is carried out during the preset autumn period, that is, from the beginning of the blueberry autumn shoots stopping growth to the early dormancy stage, with a total light control period of 40 days.

[0114] The autumn illumination parameters of this example are a light quantum flux density of 600 μmol / m 2 .s, the photoperiod is from 7:30 am to 16:30 pm, and the light duration is 9h / d; during the same period, the greenhouse is covered with a quilt (no light state) outside the photoperiod of 7:30 am to 16:30 pm;

[0115] In this embodiment, light control treatment of blueberries in the facility is carried out during the preset time period in spring, that is, from the beginning of blueberry flower bud expansion to the leaf expansion period, with a total light control time of 35 days;

[0116] The photoperiod of the spring illumination in this embodiment is from 6:30 am to 18:30 pm, and the illumination duration is 12 h / d;

[0117] The spring light control treatment of this embodiment also includes simulating the natural light irradiation pattern, regulating the light quantum flux density from weak to strong uniformly from 6:30 to 11:00, reaching the highest set value at 11:00 noon and maintaining it for 2 hours, and then uniformly decreasing from strong to weak starting at 13:00 in the afternoon and ending at 18:30; wherein the light quantum flux density at the start and end is 30μmol / m 2 .s, the highest set light quantum flux density is 450μmol / m 2 .s.

[0118] Compared with conventional natural light cultivation, after light control treatment in the preset autumn time period of this embodiment, the quality of single blueberry flower buds is significantly higher than that of conventional natural light cultivation; after light control treatment in the preset spring time period of this embodiment, the yield of facility blueberries is increased, and secondary metabolism is affected, the accumulation of total polyphenols and anthocyanins in the fruit is promoted, and quality indicators such as anthocyanin content and total polyphenol content are significantly improved, achieving both quantity and quality improvement of facility-cultivated blueberries.

[0119] The third specific embodiment:

[0120] This embodiment provides a light control method for promoting both yield and quality increase of blueberries cultivated in a facility.

[0121] This embodiment uses a dedicated device for biological growth full-cycle light environment experiment that can accurately control light parameters.

[0122] In this example, three-year-old northern highbush blueberries with uniform growth were selected as test materials and planted in a greenhouse of the Institute of Natural Science and Ecology of the Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences; the pH value of the planting soil was 4.2-5.3, and the relative humidity of the air was 60-80%.

[0123] In this embodiment, light control treatment of blueberries in the facility is carried out during the preset autumn period, that is, from the beginning of the cessation of blueberry autumn shoot growth to the early stage of dormancy, with a total light control period of 35 days.

[0124] The autumn illumination parameters of this example are a light quantum flux density of 300 μmol / m 2 .s, the photoperiod is from 7:30 to 16:30, and the light duration is 9h / d; during the same period, the greenhouse is covered with a quilt (no light state) outside the photoperiod of 7:30 to 16:30;

[0125] In this embodiment, light control treatment of blueberries in the facility is carried out during the preset time period in spring, that is, from the beginning of blueberry flower bud expansion to the leaf expansion period, and the total light control time is 30 days;

[0126] The photoperiod of the spring illumination in this embodiment is from 6:30 to 18:30, and the illumination duration is 12h / d;

[0127] The spring light control treatment of this embodiment also includes simulating the natural light irradiation pattern, regulating the light quantum flux density from weak to strong uniformly from 6:30 to 11:00, reaching the highest set value at 11:00 noon and maintaining it for 2 hours, and then uniformly decreasing from strong to weak starting at 13:00 in the afternoon and ending at 18:30; wherein the light quantum flux density at the start and end is 10μmol / m 2 .s, the highest set light quantum flux density is 250μmol / m 2 .s.

[0128] Compared with conventional natural light cultivation, after light control treatment in the preset autumn time period of this embodiment, the quality of single blueberry flower buds is significantly higher than that of conventional natural light cultivation; after light control treatment in the preset spring time period of this embodiment, the yield of facility blueberries is increased, and secondary metabolism is affected, the accumulation of total polyphenols and anthocyanins in the fruit is promoted, and quality indicators such as anthocyanin content and total polyphenol content are significantly improved, achieving both quantity and quality improvement of facility-cultivated blueberries.

[0129] The above further describes the technical solution provided by the present invention in detail through several specific embodiments in order to highlight the advantages and benefits of the technical solution provided by the present invention. However, the several specific embodiments described above are not intended to limit the present invention. Any reasonable changes and improvements to the present invention, reasonable combinations of implementation methods and equivalent replacements based on the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-spectrum light control method for increasing both yield and quality of blueberries in greenhouses, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: During a preset autumn time period, the blueberries in the facility are irradiated with autumn light. The light control parameters of the autumn light are: The light quantum flux density is 450 μmol / m 2 .s, the photoperiod is from 7:30 am to 16:30 pm, and the light duration is 9h / d; Step 2: Use spring illumination light to illuminate the blueberries in the facility during the preset time period in spring: Spring light was used to simulate the natural light pattern to regulate the light of blueberries in the facility. The light cycle was from 7:30 to 16:30 and the light duration was 9 hours per day. The autumn illumination light and the spring illumination light are both full-spectrum light; the full-spectrum light includes ultraviolet light, visible light and infrared light, and its wavelength range is 200nm~1050nm; In the step of irradiating the blueberries in the facility with autumn irradiation light during a preset time period in autumn: Keep the blueberries in the dark outside of the light cycle of each day; The spring light is used to simulate the natural light illumination pattern to regulate the light of the blueberries in the facility: From 7:30 in the morning to 11:00 in the afternoon, the light quantum flux density increases uniformly from weak to strong; At 11:00 noon, the light quantum flux density reaches the highest set value and maintains it for 2 hours; From 13:00 in the afternoon, the light quantum flux density begins to decrease evenly from strong to weak, and ends at 16:30; Among them, when the light quantum flux density starts to increase uniformly and ends to decrease uniformly, the light quantum flux density is 0~50μmol / m 2 .s; the maximum setting value of the light quantum flux density is 250~450μmol / m 2 .s; The preset time period in autumn is the flower bud differentiation period of facility blueberries; The preset time period in spring is the budding period of blueberries in the facility.

2. The full-spectrum light control method for increasing both yield and quality of blueberries in greenhouses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The facility blueberries are blueberries cultivated under glass or polyethylene film greenhouse conditions.

3. The full-spectrum light control method for increasing both yield and quality of blueberries in greenhouses according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of irradiating the blueberries in the facility with spring irradiation light during a preset time period in spring: Regularly adjust the irradiation height of the spring light so that the irradiation height of the spring light changes with the changes in the height of the blueberry plants in the facility.

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