A sound-absorbing device suitable for underwater vehicles and an underwater vehicle

Abstract

This invention discloses a sound-absorbing device and an underwater vehicle. The sound-absorbing device includes sound-absorbing units adapted for installation outside the hull of the underwater vehicle, with at least one sound-absorbing unit. Each sound-absorbing unit includes at least one sound-absorbing component, which comprises a stacked and fixed metal frame and a sound-absorbing layer. The metal frame is configured to be energized to adjust the temperature of the adjacent sound-absorbing layer, and the sound absorption coefficient of the sound-absorbing layer varies with temperature at different frequencies. This sound-absorbing device allows for active adjustment of the sound absorption performance of the underwater vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of diving technology, and more specifically to a sound-absorbing device suitable for underwater vehicles and an underwater vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Existing sound absorption technologies in the marine field, such as those used in underwater vehicles, cannot actively adjust their sound absorption performance according to changes in the external environment, thus relying on passive sound absorption and exhibiting poor adaptability. Most existing technologies utilize viscoelastic sound-absorbing materials, such as polymers like rubber, polyurethane, or silicone. These materials are typically adhered to the surface of the underwater vehicle, utilizing their elasticity and microporous structure to convert sound energy into kinetic energy, thereby blocking sound wave propagation. During this process, the viscoelastic material deforms under the influence of sound waves, and the resulting vibrations consume the sound wave energy. However, the elastic modulus of viscoelastic materials is significantly affected by temperature changes. When the ambient temperature is low, the elastic modulus increases, leading to a decrease in the degree of deformation and a weakening of sound wave absorption. Furthermore, as the underwater vehicle descends to greater depths, the increased water pressure further hinders the deformation of the viscoelastic material. Therefore, improvements to the sound-absorbing structure of underwater vehicles are needed to adapt to the low-temperature, high-pressure underwater environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the aforementioned defects or problems in the prior art and to provide a sound-absorbing device and an underwater vehicle suitable for underwater vehicles, which can improve the sound absorption performance of underwater vehicles.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] Option 1: A sound-absorbing device suitable for underwater vehicles, comprising sound-absorbing units adapted to be installed outside the hull of the underwater vehicle, wherein the number of sound-absorbing units is at least one; each sound-absorbing unit comprises at least one sound-absorbing component, the sound-absorbing component comprising a stacked and fixed metal frame and a sound-absorbing layer, the metal frame being configured to be energized to adjust the temperature of the adjacent sound-absorbing layer, the sound absorption coefficient of the sound-absorbing layer at different frequencies changing with temperature.

[0006] Option 2: Based on Option 1, in the sound-absorbing unit, multiple sound-absorbing components are stacked; when there are multiple sound-absorbing units, each sound-absorbing unit is located on the same layer relative to the shell of the underwater vehicle, and when two sound-absorbing units are connected, the metal skeletons in the corresponding layers of the sound-absorbing components in the two sound-absorbing units are interconnected.

[0007] Option 3: Based on Option 2, in each of the sound-absorbing components, the sound-absorbing layer has at least two layers, and at least one layer of the metal skeleton is sandwiched between two adjacent sound-absorbing layers.

[0008] Option 4: Based on Option 3, the sound-absorbing layer contains micro-nano-scale particles or has several cavity structures; the micro-nano-scale particles are selected from one or more of metal powder, glass microspheres and mica sheets.

[0009] Option 5: Based on Option 4, when micro-nano-scale particles are added to the sound-absorbing layer, the filling amount of the micro-nano-scale particles in each sound-absorbing layer gradually increases or decreases along the thickness direction of the sound-absorbing component.

[0010] Option 6: Based on Option 1, the sound-absorbing layer adopts one or more of PU8-G, PSO-G, hydrogel and silicone materials.

[0011] Option 7: Based on Option 1, it also includes a controller configured to control the metal frame to adjust the temperature of the sound-absorbing layer based on the acoustic wave information outside the underwater vehicle and the relationship between the sound absorption coefficient of the sound-absorbing component and temperature at different frequencies.

[0012] Option 8: Based on Option 7, it also includes an acoustic wave sensor, which is exposed outside the sound-absorbing unit and is used to acquire acoustic wave information incident on the outer surface of the sound-absorbing unit and transmit it to the controller; at least one acoustic wave sensor is provided for each sound-absorbing unit.

[0013] Option 9: Based on Option 8, it further includes a surface layer and a temperature sensor; the surface layer is fixed to the outer surface of the outermost sound-absorbing component; the temperature sensor is installed on the surface layer and is used to sense the ambient temperature and send it to the controller, which adjusts the temperature of the sound-absorbing layer in the sound-absorbing component based on the ambient temperature.

[0014] Option 10: An underwater vehicle comprising a vehicle body and a sound-absorbing device suitable for an underwater vehicle as described in any one of Options 1 to 9, wherein the outer shell of the vehicle body is covered with a sound-absorbing unit in the sound-absorbing device.

[0015] As can be seen from the above description of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The sound-absorbing device for underwater vehicles provided by the present invention includes a sound-absorbing unit that can cover the outer side of the underwater vehicle's hull. During the underwater vehicle's navigation, the sound-absorbing unit can absorb the sound waves transmitted to the underwater vehicle.

[0017] The sound-absorbing unit comprises N sound-absorbing components arranged sequentially from the inside out. When sound waves propagate along the thickness of the sound-absorbing unit, the components absorb the sound energy sequentially. Within the sound-absorbing components, the sound-absorbing layer plays a primary role in absorbing sound energy, while the metal frame generates heat through electrical current, thereby adjusting the temperature of the sound-absorbing layer near the frame. The sound-absorbing layer exhibits different absorption effects for different frequencies of sound waves at different temperatures. By adjusting the temperature of the sound-absorbing layer, its material flexibility can be increased, facilitating material deformation and ensuring the sound-absorbing component achieves the most suitable absorption effect for sound waves incident on the underwater vehicle. Furthermore, the metal frame not only functions as a heat-generating device, but also plays a crucial role in absorbing sound waves. Since the sound-absorbing units are located on the outside of the underwater vehicle's hull, and the underwater environment is harsh... The sound-absorbing unit has several drawbacks, including high water pressure and water erosion. Furthermore, during underwater vehicle operation, the water flow can cause the sound-absorbing unit covering the outer shell to peel off, or even loosen and wrinkle. All of these issues reduce the sound absorption effect. Therefore, the metal frame in the sound-absorbing unit also serves to support the sound-absorbing layer. The sound-absorbing layer is fixed to the adjacent metal frame, and the metal frame itself has strong structural stability and is not prone to deformation. This ensures the flatness of the sound-absorbing layer, improves the sound absorption effect and lifespan of the sound-absorbing device, and reduces maintenance frequency.

[0018] In addition, the sound-absorbing components have multiple sound-absorbing layers, which can improve the sound absorption effect. The metal frame between two adjacent sound-absorbing layers can not only adjust the temperature of each sound-absorbing layer more accurately, but also minimize the distance between the metal frame and the sound-absorbing layer, ensuring that the metal frame plays a corresponding supporting role.

[0019] Each sound-absorbing component has at least two sound-absorbing layers made of different materials, resulting in variations in sound absorption performance and a wide-frequency sound absorption effect. Alternatively, each sound-absorbing component may have all sound-absorbing layers made of the same material with consistent absorption coefficients, optimizing the absorption of the same frequency. In practical applications, either of these two methods can be selected based on specific requirements.

[0020] Adding micro- and nano-scale particles to the sound-absorbing layer causes localized expansion and compression when applied to it. Simultaneously, the particle vibration disrupts intermolecular non-bonded forces, increasing internal friction and enhancing the relaxation absorption of sound energy. Incorporating several cavity structures within the sound-absorbing layer can further increase sound wave loss.

[0021] Since the amount of filler affects the sound absorption performance of the sound-absorbing layer, when the amount of filler in each sound-absorbing layer gradually increases or decreases along the thickness direction of the sound-absorbing component, there are differences in the sound absorption performance of each sound-absorbing layer, resulting in a wide-band sound absorption effect.

[0022] The system is equipped with a controller and a sound wave sensor. The sound wave sensor can detect sound waves directed towards the underwater vehicle, and the controller can adjust the temperature of the sound-absorbing layer in the sound-absorbing unit based on the information of the corresponding sound waves to ensure that the sound-absorbing unit has the best absorption effect on sound waves of the corresponding frequency.

[0023] A surface layer is fixed to the outermost sound-absorbing layer to protect it. A temperature sensor is placed on the surface layer to sense the ambient temperature, thus determining the initial temperature of each sound-absorbing layer before it is heated. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments are briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sound-absorbing unit in this embodiment.

[0026] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0027] 1. Housing; 2. Sound-absorbing unit; 21. Sound-absorbing component; 211. Sound-absorbing layer; 212. Metal frame; 3. Surface layer. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as excluding other embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Unless otherwise expressly defined, the use of terms such as "first," "second," or "third" in the claims, description, and accompanying drawings of this invention is for distinguishing different objects and not for describing a specific order.

[0030] Unless otherwise expressly defined, in the claims, description, and accompanying drawings of this invention, the use of directional terms such as "center," "lateral," "longitudinal," "horizontal," "vertical," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise" to indicate orientation or positional relationships is based on the orientation and positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the specific scope of protection of this invention.

[0031] Unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms "fixed connection" or "fixed connection" used in the claims, description and drawings of this invention should be interpreted broadly to refer to any connection in which there is no displacement or relative rotation relationship between the two parties, including non-removable fixed connection, detachable fixed connection, integral connection and fixed connection by other means or components.

[0032] In the claims, description and accompanying drawings of this invention, the terms "comprising," "having," and variations thereof are used to mean "including but not limited to."

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a sound-absorbing device suitable for underwater vehicles, including a sound-absorbing unit 2, a controller, a sound wave sensor, a surface layer 3, and a temperature sensor.

[0035] The sound-absorbing unit 2 is suitable for installation on the outside of the underwater vehicle's hull 1, and the number of sound-absorbing units 2 is at least one. When there are multiple sound-absorbing units 2, they are all located on the same layer. Obviously, the sound-absorbing unit 2 can completely cover the outside of the underwater vehicle's hull 1, or it can selectively cover a portion of the outside of the underwater vehicle's hull 1. Furthermore, the size of the sound-absorbing unit 2 is not limited; different sizes of sound-absorbing units 2 can be manufactured according to different manufacturing processes. In this embodiment, multiple sound-absorbing units 2 are selected to cover the outside of the underwater vehicle's hull 1. These sound-absorbing units 2 can be connected or separated, but regardless of whether they are connected or separated, they are all located on the same layer.

[0036] Each sound-absorbing unit 2 includes at least one sound-absorbing component 21. In this embodiment, each sound-absorbing unit includes at least three sound-absorbing components 21, which are stacked. The sound-absorbing component 21 includes a stacked and fixed metal frame 212 and a sound-absorbing layer 211. The metal frames 212 of the sound-absorbing components 21 located in the same layer in adjacent sound-absorbing units 2 are interconnected. The sound absorption coefficient of the sound-absorbing layer 211 changes with temperature at different frequencies, and the metal frame 212 is configured to be energized to adjust the temperature of the adjacent sound-absorbing layer 211.

[0037] In this embodiment, each sound-absorbing component 21 has at least two sound-absorbing layers 211, and at least one metal frame 212 is sandwiched between adjacent sound-absorbing layers 211, which can better regulate the temperature of each sound-absorbing layer 211.

[0038] Furthermore, at least two sound-absorbing layers 211 in each sound-absorbing component 21 may be made of different materials, or all sound-absorbing layers 211 in each sound-absorbing component 21 may be made of the same material. The material of the sound-absorbing layer 211 may be one or more of PU-G, PSO-G, hydrogel, and silicone. Using at least two different materials for the sound-absorbing layers 211 in each sound-absorbing component 21 results in differences in sound absorption performance, providing a wide-frequency sound absorption effect. Using the same material for all sound-absorbing layers 211 in each sound-absorbing component 21 ensures that the sound absorption coefficient of each layer is consistent, achieving optimal absorption of the same frequency. In practical applications, either of these two methods can be selected based on requirements.

[0039] Furthermore, each sound-absorbing layer 211 contains micro-nano-scale particles or has several cavity structures. When micro-nano-scale particles are added to each sound-absorbing layer 211, the micro-nano-scale particles can be one or more of metal powder, glass microspheres, and mica sheets. Moreover, the amount of micro-nano-scale particles in each sound-absorbing layer 211 gradually increases or decreases along the thickness direction of the sound-absorbing component 21.

[0040] Adding micro- or nano-scale particles or creating several cavity structures within the sound-absorbing layer 211 can increase the sound wave loss as it passes through the layer. When micro- or nano-scale particles are added to the sound-absorbing layer 211, they cause localized expansion and compression, and the filler particles also vibrate, which can disrupt the non-bonded forces between molecules to increase internal friction and improve the relaxation absorption effect of the sound-absorbing layer 211. Furthermore, since the amount of filler affects the sound absorption performance of the sound-absorbing layer 211, as the amount of filler in each sound-absorbing layer 211 gradually increases or decreases along the thickness direction of the sound-absorbing component 21, the sound absorption performance of each layer 211 differs, resulting in a broadband sound absorption effect.

[0041] Meanwhile, a surface layer 3 is fixed to the outer surface of the outermost sound-absorbing component 21 of the sound-absorbing unit 2, which protects the sound-absorbing layer 211. A sound wave sensor (not shown in the figure) protrudes beyond the surface layer 3 and is used to acquire sound wave information incident on the sound-absorbing unit 2 and transmit it to the controller. At least one sound wave sensor is provided for each sound-absorbing unit 2. After measuring the sound waves incident on the outer surface of the sound-absorbing unit 2, the sound wave sensor generates a sound wave signal.

[0042] A temperature sensor (not shown in the figure) is installed on the surface layer 3 to sense the ambient temperature and generate a first temperature sensing signal, which is then sent to the controller. The controller can adjust the temperature of the sound-absorbing layer 211 in the sound-absorbing assembly 21 based on the ambient temperature. The temperature sensor on the surface layer 3 allows for sensing the ambient temperature, thus determining the initial temperature of each sound-absorbing layer 211 before heating. It should be understood that, for easier monitoring of the temperature of the sound-absorbing layer 211 in each sound-absorbing unit 2, a temperature sensor can also be installed on each sound-absorbing layer 211 to sense the temperature and generate a second temperature sensing signal, which is then sent to the controller.

[0043] The controller (not shown in the figure) is configured to adjust the temperature of the sound-absorbing layer 211 by controlling the metal frame 212 based on the relationship between the sound absorption coefficient of the sound-absorbing component 21 and temperature at different frequencies, according to the sound wave information outside the underwater vehicle. The controller is electrically connected to each sound wave sensor and is adapted to receive each sound wave signal and obtain the frequency data of the sound wave based on the sound wave signal.

[0044] The controller includes a microcomputer and a programmable power supply. The microcomputer, programmable power supply, each acoustic sensor, and each temperature sensor are electrically connected. The programmable power supply is independently electrically connected to each metal frame 212 of the sound-absorbing assembly 21. The microcomputer is configured to receive and process acoustic signals sent by the acoustic sensors and first and second temperature sensing signals sent by the temperature sensors. The microcomputer adjusts the temperature of each metal frame 212 by controlling the programmable power supply. In actual use, the sound absorption coefficient curves of the entire sound-absorbing assembly 21 at different frequencies as a function of temperature, obtained experimentally, need to be pre-loaded into the controller.

[0045] In this embodiment, the sound-absorbing device for underwater vehicles includes a sound-absorbing unit 2. The sound-absorbing unit 2 can cover the outer side of the underwater vehicle's shell 1. During the underwater vehicle's navigation, the sound-absorbing unit 2 can absorb the sound waves transmitted to the underwater vehicle. The sound-absorbing unit 2 includes N sound-absorbing components 21 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. When sound waves are transmitted along the thickness direction of the sound-absorbing unit 2, the sound-absorbing components 21 can absorb the sound wave energy sequentially. In the sound-absorbing component 21, the sound-absorbing layer 211 plays the main role in absorbing sound wave energy, while the metal frame 212 can generate heat by passing electricity, thereby adjusting the temperature of the sound-absorbing layer 211, which is close to the metal frame 212. The sound-absorbing layer 211 has different absorption effects on sound waves of different frequencies at different temperatures. By adjusting the temperature of the sound-absorbing layer 211, the sound-absorbing component 21 can achieve the most suitable absorption effect for sound waves incident on the underwater vehicle. At the same time, the metal frame 212 not only acts as a heat-generating device, but also, since the sound-absorbing unit 2 in the sound-absorbing device is set on the outside of the hull 1 of the underwater vehicle, and the underwater environment is harsh with high water pressure and water... Problems such as corrosion and water flow can cause the sound-absorbing unit 2 covering the outer shell 1 to peel off or become loose and wrinkled when the underwater vehicle is moving. These situations will reduce the sound absorption effect of the sound-absorbing unit 2. Therefore, the metal frame 212 also plays a supporting role for the sound-absorbing layer 211 in the sound-absorbing unit 2. The sound-absorbing layer 211 is fixed to the adjacent metal frame 212. The metal frame 212 itself has strong structural stability and is not prone to deformation, which can ensure the flatness of the sound-absorbing layer 211, improve the sound absorption effect and service life of the sound-absorbing device, and reduce the maintenance frequency.

[0046] Furthermore, the control process of the aforementioned sound-absorbing device is also described in this embodiment.

[0047] After receiving the acoustic signals from each acoustic sensor, the controller performs Fourier discretization on the received acoustic waves to obtain the frequency data of the acoustic waves. It then identifies the first, second, and / or third frequencies within three frequency ranges: <1kHz, 1-10kHz, and >10kHz. The frequencies <1kHz, 1-10kHz, and >10kHz correspond to low, mid, and high frequencies, respectively. Identifying the first, second, and third frequencies in the acoustic data reveals the distribution of the frequency data across these three frequency ranges.

[0048] When there is a frequency that appears most frequently within each frequency range, the first, second, or third frequency is the frequency that appears most frequently; when there is no frequency that appears most frequently within each frequency range, the first, second, or third frequency is the median of the frequencies that appear.

[0049] At the first, second, and third frequencies, the temperatures corresponding to the maximum sound absorption coefficient of the sound-absorbing component 21 are the first, second, and third temperatures, respectively; at the frequency of the combined sound wave, the optimal temperature corresponding to the maximum sound absorption coefficient of the sound-absorbing component 21 is the fourth temperature.

[0050] When the controller adjusts the temperature of each sound-absorbing unit 2, there are four possible scenarios:

[0051] The first method involves the controller controlling n1 sound-absorbing components 21 of the corresponding sound-absorbing unit 2 to adjust the temperature to the neighborhood of the first temperature when the sound wave has a first frequency, a second frequency, and a third frequency. The controller also controls n2 sound-absorbing components 21 of the sound-absorbing unit 2 to adjust the temperature to the neighborhood of the second temperature. The controller further controls n3 sound-absorbing components 21 of the sound-absorbing unit 2 to adjust the temperature to the neighborhood of the third temperature. The sum of n1, n2, and n3 is equal to N, and n1 is greater than or equal to n2 and n3.

[0052] For example, when N is 3, the controller can adjust the temperature of the three sound-absorbing components 21 of the corresponding sound-absorbing unit 2 to the neighborhood of the first temperature, the neighborhood of the second temperature, and the neighborhood of the third temperature, respectively. When N is 5, the controller can adjust the temperature of the three sound-absorbing components 21 in the corresponding sound-absorbing unit 2 to the neighborhood of the first temperature, and adjust the temperature of the other two sound-absorbing components 21 to the neighborhood of the second temperature and the neighborhood of the third temperature.

[0053] When sound waves have a first frequency, a second frequency, and a third frequency, lower-frequency sound waves are more difficult to absorb and travel farther, so the focus is on absorbing low-frequency sound waves. Therefore, when the controller adjusts the temperature of the sound-absorbing components 21 in each sound-absorbing unit 2, a larger number of sound-absorbing components 21 can result in a greater number of sound-absorbing components 21 in the neighborhood of the first temperature than in the neighborhoods of the second and third temperatures, thus improving the absorption of low-frequency sound waves. Simultaneously, mid-frequency and high-frequency sound waves can also be absorbed as sound waves propagate along each sound-absorbing unit 2.

[0054] The second method involves the controller controlling n4 sound-absorbing components 21 of the corresponding sound-absorbing unit 2 to adjust the temperature to the neighborhood of the first temperature when the sound wave has a first frequency and a second frequency or a first frequency and a third frequency. The controller also controls n5 sound-absorbing components 21 of the sound-absorbing unit 2 to adjust the temperature to the neighborhood of the second temperature or the third temperature. The sum of n4 and n5 is equal to N, and n4 is greater than n5.

[0055] For example, when N is 3, the controller can adjust the temperature of the two sound-absorbing components 21 of the corresponding sound-absorbing unit 2 to the neighborhood of the first temperature, and adjust the temperature of the remaining sound-absorbing component 21 to the neighborhood of the second temperature or the neighborhood of the third temperature. When N is 5, the controller can adjust the temperature of three or four sound-absorbing components 21 of the corresponding sound-absorbing unit 2 to the neighborhood of the first temperature, and adjust the temperature of the remaining two or one sound-absorbing component 21 to the neighborhood of the second temperature or the neighborhood of the third temperature.

[0056] When sound waves have a first frequency and a second frequency, or a first frequency and a third frequency, the absorption of low-frequency sound waves is prioritized because lower-frequency sound waves are more difficult to absorb and travel farther. Therefore, when the controller adjusts the temperature of the sound-absorbing components 21 of each sound-absorbing unit 2, the number of sound-absorbing components 21 adjusted to the neighborhood of the first temperature is greater than the number of sound-absorbing components 21 adjusted to the neighborhood of the second temperature or the neighborhood of the third temperature, resulting in better absorption of low-frequency sound waves. Simultaneously, mid-frequency or high-frequency sound waves can also be absorbed as sound waves propagate along each sound-absorbing unit 2.

[0057] The third method is that when the sound wave has a second frequency and a third frequency, the controller controls the n6 sound-absorbing components 21 of the corresponding sound-absorbing unit 2 to adjust the temperature to the range of the second temperature; the controller also controls the n7 sound-absorbing components 21 of the sound-absorbing unit 2 to adjust the temperature to the range of the third temperature; wherein, the sum of n6 and n7 is equal to N, and n6 is greater than n7.

[0058] For example, when N is 3, the controller can adjust the temperature of the two sound-absorbing components 21 of the corresponding sound-absorbing unit 2 to the neighborhood of the second temperature, and adjust the temperature of the remaining sound-absorbing component 21 to the neighborhood of the third temperature. When N is 5, the controller can adjust the temperature of three or four sound-absorbing components 21 of the corresponding sound-absorbing unit 2 to the neighborhood of the second temperature, and adjust the temperature of the remaining two or one sound-absorbing component 21 to the neighborhood of the third temperature.

[0059] When the sound wave has a second and a third frequency, since lower frequency sound waves are more difficult to absorb and travel farther, the absorption of mid-frequency sound waves is emphasized. Therefore, when the controller adjusts the temperature of the sound-absorbing components 21 of each sound-absorbing unit 2, the number of sound-absorbing components 21 in the neighborhood of the second temperature is greater than the number of sound-absorbing components 21 in the neighborhood of the third temperature. This results in better absorption of mid-frequency sound waves. At the same time, high-frequency sound waves can also be absorbed when the sound wave is conducted along each sound-absorbing unit 2.

[0060] The fourth type is when the sound wave has a first frequency, a second frequency, or a third frequency, the controller adjusts the temperature of each sound-absorbing component 21 of the corresponding sound-absorbing unit 2 to the range of the fourth temperature.

[0061] When the sound wave has only the first, second, or third frequency, it means that the frequency of the sound wave is concentrated in the low, mid, or high frequencies. At this time, adjusting the temperature of the sound-absorbing component 21 in the sound-absorbing unit 2 according to the frequency of the combined sound waves will allow the sound waves to be absorbed better.

[0062] In this embodiment, the neighborhood radius of each of the aforementioned neighborhood ranges is 2°C. Since the temperature is adjusted within a neighborhood range during the temperature adjustment in the above four cases, there are differences in the temperature of each sound-absorbing layer 211 in each sound-absorbing component 21, resulting in differences in sound absorption performance and achieving a broadband sound absorption effect.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] Example 2 provides an underwater vehicle, which includes a vehicle body and a sound-absorbing device suitable for underwater vehicles as described in Example 1. The outer shell 1 of the vehicle body is covered with a sound-absorbing unit 2 in the sound-absorbing device.

[0065] The foregoing description of the specifications and embodiments is intended to explain the scope of protection of this invention, but does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Modifications, equivalent substitutions, or other improvements to the embodiments of this invention or a portion thereof that can be obtained by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation, based on the teachings of this invention or the foregoing embodiments, in conjunction with common knowledge, general technical knowledge, and / or existing technology, should all be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A sound-absorbing device suitable for underwater vehicles, characterized in that, Includes a sound-absorbing unit suitable for installation on the exterior of the hull of the underwater vehicle, and the number of the sound-absorbing unit is at least one; Each of the sound-absorbing units includes at least one sound-absorbing component, the sound-absorbing component including a stacked and fixed metal frame and a sound-absorbing layer, the metal frame being configured to be energized to adjust the temperature of the sound-absorbing layer adjacent thereto, the sound-absorbing layer having a sound absorption coefficient that varies with temperature at different frequencies. The sound-absorbing layer contains micro-nano-scale particles or has several cavity structures; the micro-nano-scale particles are selected from one or more of metal powder, glass microspheres and mica sheets. It also includes a controller configured to adjust the temperature of the sound-absorbing layer by controlling the metal frame based on acoustic information outside the underwater vehicle and the relationship between the sound absorption coefficient of the sound-absorbing component and temperature at different frequencies.

2. The sound-absorbing device suitable for underwater vehicles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the sound-absorbing unit, multiple sound-absorbing components are stacked and arranged; when there are multiple sound-absorbing units, each sound-absorbing unit is located on the same layer relative to the shell of the underwater vehicle, and when two sound-absorbing units are connected, the metal skeletons in the corresponding layers of the sound-absorbing components in the two sound-absorbing units are connected to each other.

3. The sound-absorbing device suitable for underwater vehicles as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In each of the sound-absorbing components, the sound-absorbing layer has at least two layers, and at least one layer of the metal skeleton is sandwiched between two adjacent sound-absorbing layers.

4. The sound-absorbing device suitable for underwater vehicles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When micro-nano-scale particles are added to the sound-absorbing layer, the amount of micro-nano-scale particles in each sound-absorbing layer gradually increases or decreases along the thickness direction of the sound-absorbing component.

5. The sound-absorbing device suitable for underwater vehicles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sound-absorbing layer is made of one or more of the following materials: PU8-G, PSO-G, hydrogel, and silicone.

6. The sound-absorbing device suitable for underwater vehicles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an acoustic wave sensor, which is exposed outside the sound-absorbing unit and is used to acquire acoustic wave information incident on the outer surface of the sound-absorbing unit and transmit it to the controller; at least one acoustic wave sensor is provided for each sound-absorbing unit.

7. A sound-absorbing device suitable for underwater vehicles as described in claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a surface layer and a temperature sensor; the surface layer is fixed to the outer surface of the outermost sound-absorbing component; the temperature sensor is installed on the surface layer and is used to sense the ambient temperature and send it to the controller, which adjusts the temperature of the sound-absorbing layer in the sound-absorbing component based on the ambient temperature.

8. An underwater vehicle comprising a vehicle body, characterized in that, It also includes a sound-absorbing device suitable for underwater vehicles as described in any one of claims 1-7, wherein the outer shell of the vehicle body is covered with a sound-absorbing unit in the sound-absorbing device.

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