A cradle type pitch adjusting hydraulic unit shock absorber and a shock absorbing method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of cradle type pitch adjusting paddle hydraulic unit damping device and damping method, belong to damping technical field, damping device includes platform, hydraulic damping device, gas-liquid damping device;Four hydraulic damping devices are respectively fixed below the bottom four corners of platform;Hydraulic damping device includes piston rod, hydraulic cylinder, conical piston;Conical piston is suspended in hydraulic cylinder;Conical piston upper end installs piston rod, supports platform;Gas-liquid damping device is respectively fixed correspondingly outside four hydraulic damping devices;Hydraulic damping device is connected with gas-liquid damping device by oil pipe, and stop valve is installed on oil pipe;The hydraulic unit to be damped is placed on the upper portion of platform central position;When stop valve is in closed state, hydraulic damping device is damped;When stop valve is in open state, gas-liquid damping device and hydraulic damping device are damped simultaneously.The present application effectively solves the vibration impact problem of each equipment of ship to hydraulic unit, reduces the failure rate of hydraulic system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shock absorption, in particular to a cradle type pitch propeller hydraulic unit shock absorption device and a shock absorption method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The hydraulic unit of the ship pitch propeller device is installed on the engine room deck, and various vibrations are generated in the ship sailing process, such as the ship body, shafting, engine, gear box, motor, oil pump and the like, which produces complex and time-varying vibration impact on the hydraulic unit.

[0003] The commonly used shock absorption equipment includes spring shock absorber and rubber shock absorber, and due to the complex working environment, the vibration amplitude and frequency change greatly, the shock absorption effect cannot meet the equipment use requirements, and the vibration cannot be inhibited for the hydraulic unit of the pitch propeller device, and the leakage phenomenon of the hydraulic pipeline and valve joint caused by the vibration always exists, and the hydraulic system failure is even caused in serious cases. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present application provides a cradle type pitch propeller hydraulic unit shock absorption device and a shock absorption method, which effectively suppresses the influence of various vibrations on the hydraulic unit of the pitch propeller device in the ship sailing process through the cradle type shock absorption platform, avoids causing the leakage phenomenon of the hydraulic pipeline and valve joint, and reduces the failure rate of the pitch propeller hydraulic system.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0006] A cradle type pitch propeller hydraulic unit shock absorption device, the shock absorption device comprising a platform, a hydraulic shock absorption device, and a gas-liquid shock absorption device;

[0007] Four hydraulic shock absorption devices are respectively fixed below the four corners of the bottom of the platform; the hydraulic shock absorption device comprises a piston rod, a hydraulic cylinder, and a conical piston; the conical piston is a suspended conical piston suspended in the hydraulic cylinder, and a gap is provided between the circumferential end of the conical piston and the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder, so as to divide the hydraulic cylinder into a rod hydraulic chamber and a rodless hydraulic chamber in communication; the piston rod is coaxially installed on the upper end of the conical piston, the extension end of the piston rod is connected with the bottom of the platform, and the hydraulic shock absorption device supports the platform;

[0008] The gas-liquid shock absorption device is respectively arranged outside the four hydraulic shock absorption devices; the hydraulic shock absorption device is connected with the gas-liquid shock absorption device through an oil pipe, and a stop valve is installed on the oil pipe;

[0009] The damped hydraulic unit is placed on the upper part of the center of the platform; when the stop valve is in the closed state, the hydraulic damping device performs damping operation on the hydraulic unit; when the stop valve is in the open state, the hydraulic oil flows between the rodless hydraulic cavity and the hydraulic cavity of the gas-liquid damping device, and the gas-liquid damping device and the hydraulic damping device simultaneously perform damping operation on the hydraulic unit.

[0010] Further, the hydraulic damping device further comprises a flow guide hole, a guide hole, a guide shaft, a hydraulic cylinder flange base; the hydraulic cylinder comprises a front end cover, a hydraulic cylinder barrel, a rear end cover;

[0011] The upper and lower openings of the hydraulic cylinder barrel are respectively provided with the front end cover and the rear end cover; the bottom of the rear end cover is coaxially fixed on the hydraulic cylinder flange base;

[0012] The conical piston is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder barrel; the guide hole is arranged in the center of the lower conical surface of the conical piston; the guide shaft is coaxially arranged in the center of the upper part of the rear end cover, and the upper end of the guide shaft is inserted into the guide hole, so that the conical piston moves linearly along the guide shaft; the flow guide hole is arranged in the bottom of the conical piston, and the guide hole communicates with the rodless hydraulic cavity through the flow guide hole.

[0013] Further, the rear end cover is provided with a rear end cover flow guide hole, and the rodless hydraulic cavity communicates with the oil pipe through the rear end cover flow guide hole.

[0014] Further, the damping device further comprises a cylinder top connecting seat, an ear ring and a pin shaft; the cylinder top connecting seat is fixed on the bottom of the platform; the ear ring is arranged on the protruding end of the piston rod, and the pin shaft is connected with the cylinder top connecting seat.

[0015] Further, the oil pipe is a three-way oil pipe, which comprises a first oil pipe, a second oil pipe and a third oil pipe; the three-way oil pipe is provided with a stop valve group; the stop valve group comprises a first stop valve, a second stop valve and a third stop valve; the first stop valve is arranged on the first oil pipe connected with the hydraulic damping device, the second stop valve is arranged on the second oil pipe connected with the gas-liquid damping device, and the third stop valve is arranged on the third oil pipe of the three-way oil pipe for external connection equipment.

[0016] Further, the gas-liquid damping device further comprises a gas-liquid cylinder, an air inlet and outlet device, a gas-liquid cylinder piston, an air cavity and a hydraulic cavity oil guide hole;

[0017] The gas-liquid cylinder piston is installed in the gas-liquid cylinder, and separates the gas-liquid cylinder cavity into the air cavity and the hydraulic cavity; the air inlet and outlet device is installed on the gas-liquid cylinder at the upper part of the air cavity, and is used for adjusting the pressure in the air cavity; the hydraulic cavity guide oil hole is arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the gas-liquid cylinder, and the hydraulic cavity communicates with the oil pipe through the hydraulic cavity guide oil hole.

[0018] Further, the gas-liquid damping device further comprises a stop ring; the stop ring is installed in the gas-liquid cylinder at the upper part of the air cavity, and is used for controlling the maximum stroke of the gas-liquid cylinder piston.

[0019] Further, the gas-liquid damping device further comprises a gas-liquid cylinder flange base; the gas-liquid cylinder comprises an upper end cover, a gas-liquid cylinder barrel and a lower end cover; the lower end cover is coaxially installed on the upper end of the gas-liquid cylinder flange base, the gas-liquid cylinder barrel is vertically installed on the lower end cover, and the upper part of the gas-liquid cylinder barrel is provided with the upper end cover.

[0020] The application further discloses a damping method of the adjustable pitch propeller hydraulic unit, and the damping device of the cradle type adjustable pitch propeller hydraulic unit is used for damping the hydraulic unit on the ship, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1, the damping device is installed on the engine room deck, the hydraulic unit is placed on the upper center of the platform, the height of the end part of the platform is adjusted, and the platform is in a horizontal state;

[0022] S2, the opening and closing of the first stop valve and the second stop valve are adjusted, the damping device adopts a single-cylinder working mode or a double-cylinder working mode to damp the hydraulic unit during the ship sailing;

[0023] The single-cylinder working mode is that the first stop valve or the second stop valve is closed, and the ship vibration is transmitted to the hydraulic cylinder flange base, the rear end cover and the hydraulic cylinder barrel of the hydraulic damping device;

[0024] When the engine room deck vibrates upward, the hydraulic cylinder flange base, the rear end cover and the hydraulic cylinder barrel move upward, the pressure of the rodless hydraulic cavity is increased, the hydraulic oil in the rodless hydraulic cavity enters the rod hydraulic cavity, at this time, the rear end cover and the guide shaft move upward, the hydraulic oil in the guide hole flows into the rodless hydraulic cavity through the guide hole, and the upward vibration is elastically damped through the elastic modulus of the hydraulic oil;

[0025] When the engine room deck vibrates downward, the hydraulic cylinder flange base, the rear end cover and the hydraulic cylinder barrel move downward, the pressure of the rod hydraulic cavity is increased, the hydraulic oil in the rod hydraulic cavity enters the rodless hydraulic cavity, at this time, the rear end cover and the guide shaft move downward, the hydraulic oil is sucked into the guide hole through the guide hole, and the downward vibration is elastically damped through the hydraulic oil;

[0026] Double-cylinder working mode: open the first and second stop valves, and the vibration of the ship is transmitted to the hydraulic cylinder flange base, rear end cover and hydraulic cylinder barrel of the hydraulic damping device;

[0027] When the engine deck vibrates upward, the hydraulic cylinder flange base, rear end cover and hydraulic cylinder barrel move upward, the pressure in the rodless hydraulic chamber increases, part of the hydraulic oil in the rodless hydraulic chamber enters the rod hydraulic chamber through the conical piston, and the other part of the hydraulic oil in the rodless hydraulic chamber flows out through the rear end cover oil guide hole and then enters the hydraulic chamber, thereby increasing the pressure in the hydraulic chamber, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic chamber pushes the gas-liquid cylinder piston to move upward and buffer and dampen the gas in the air chamber;

[0028] When the engine deck vibrates downward, the hydraulic cylinder flange base, rear end cover and hydraulic cylinder barrel move downward, at this time, the pressure in the rod hydraulic chamber increases and the pressure in the rodless hydraulic chamber decreases, the hydraulic oil in the rod hydraulic chamber flows to the rodless hydraulic chamber through the conical piston, thereby hindering the downward movement of the piston rod 3.1 along with the engine deck 8; at the same time, the air chamber inputs high-pressure gas through the air inlet and outlet device to increase the pressure and push the gas-liquid cylinder piston to move downward, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic chamber flows into the rodless hydraulic chamber to increase the pressure in the rodless hydraulic chamber, thereby damping the downward vibration.

[0029] Further, in step S1, the attitude adjusting method of the platform is as follows:

[0030] Firstly, the first and third stop valves are opened and the second stop valve is closed, and the rodless hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic damping device is pressurized by the hand pump; as the pressure in the rodless hydraulic chamber increases, the piston rod of the hydraulic damping device extends upward, the extension amount of the piston rod is adjusted to make the platform horizontal, and the first and third stop valves are closed;

[0031] Secondly, the second stop valve is closed, the pressure in the air chamber is adjusted by the air inlet and outlet device, the first stop valve is closed and the second and third stop valves are opened, the hydraulic chamber of the gas-liquid damping device is pressurized by the hand pump, when the pressure in the hydraulic chamber is equal to that in the rodless hydraulic chamber, the pressurization by the hand pump is stopped, the first stop valve is opened, the pressurization by the hand pump is performed again, the extension amount of the piston rod of the hydraulic damping device is adjusted, the horizontal position of the platform is adjusted again, and after the adjustment is completed, the third stop valve is closed.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0033] The cradle type propeller hydraulic unit damping device and damping method provided by the present application effectively solve the complex and variable vibration and impact problems of the propeller hydraulic unit caused by various equipment of the ship by using hydraulic damping or gas-liquid combined damping technology, thereby ensuring the normal work of the hydraulic system and reducing the failure rate of the hydraulic system.

[0034] The present application utilizes the conical piston and piston rod supporting the cradle platform suspended in the hydraulic cylinder, and realizes damping through hydraulic oil and vacuum when the hydraulic damping device works independently in single cylinder; with the vibration of the cabin deck and the increase of vibration amplitude, the vacuum phenomenon occurs in the hydraulic cavity with rod during the downward vibration, when the vacuum occurs, the hydraulic damping device has better damping effect on the platform and the hydraulic unit, and the greater the vibration amplitude, the more obvious the damping effect. When the hydraulic damping device and the gas-liquid damping device work in double cylinder linkage, the damping of the hydraulic unit placed on the platform is realized through the linkage of the oil flow of the hydraulic cylinder and the gas compression of the gas-liquid cylinder.

[0035] The present application can accelerate the flow of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cavity with rod and the hydraulic cavity without rod through the suspended conical piston, and enhance the damping effect of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0036] The present application can change the stiffness and damping of the damping device by adjusting the opening and closing of the stop valve and the size of the opening, further enhance the damping effect and the damping frequency range, and reduce the failure rate of the hydraulic system.

[0037] The present application can adjust the piston rod extension of the four hydraulic damping devices by the hand pump, and control the horizontal attitude of the platform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] Fig. 1 The structural block diagram of the cradle type pitch propeller hydraulic unit damping device of the present application;

[0039] Fig. 2 The structural diagram of the cradle type pitch propeller hydraulic unit damping device of the present application;

[0040] Fig. 3 The structural diagram of the hydraulic damping device and the gas-liquid damping device of the present application.

[0041] Wherein: 1-platform, 2-cylinder top connecting seat, 3-hydraulic damping device, 3.1-piston rod, 3.2-front end cover, 3.3-rod hydraulic chamber, 3.4-hydraulic cylinder, 3.5-conical piston, 3.6-flow guide hole, 3.7-rodless hydraulic chamber, 3.8-guide hole, 3.9-guide shaft, 3.10-rear end cover, 3.11-rear end cover oil guide hole, 3.12-rear oil guide joint, 3.13-hydraulic cylinder flange base, 4-gas-liquid damping device, 4.1-inlet and outlet gas device, 4.2-sealing element, 4.3-gas-liquid cylinder piston, 4.4-upper end cover, 4.5-air cavity, 4.6-gas-liquid cylinder, 4.7-front oil guide joint, 4.8-hydraulic chamber oil guide hole, 4.9-hydraulic chamber, 4.10-stop ring, 4.11-lower end cover, 4.12-gas-liquid cylinder flange base, 5-hydraulic unit, 6-stop valve group, 6.1-first stop valve, 6.2-second stop valve, 6.3-third stop valve, 7-three-way oil pipe, 8-cabin deck, 9-bolt, 10-earring, 11-pivot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The specific embodiments of the present application will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are only used to illustrate the present application, but not to limit the scope of the present application.

[0043] The up, down, left, right, inner, outer, front end, rear end, head, tail and other orientation or positional relationship terms in the present application file are established based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. If the drawings are different, the corresponding positional relationship may also change accordingly, so it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection.

[0044] In the present application, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixedly connected, it can also be detachably connected, it can also be integrally connected, it can also be mechanically connected, it can also be electrically connected or can communicate with each other, it can also be directly connected, it can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the interconnection of two components, or it can be the interaction relationship of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] The present embodiment describes a cradle type pitch propeller hydraulic unit damping device and damping method, which can effectively solve the problem of complex and time-varying vibration impact of each device on the pitch propeller hydraulic unit during ship sailing through the cradle type damping platform.

[0046] As Figs. 1 to 3As shown, the damping device includes a platform 1, a cylinder top connecting seat 2, a hydraulic damping device 3, a gas-liquid damping device 4, a stop valve group 6, a three-way oil pipe 7, an ear ring 10 and a pin shaft 11. The stop valve group 6 includes a first stop valve 6.1, a second stop valve 6.2 and a third stop valve 6.3. The product to be damped is a device that generates vibration during operation, including but not limited to a hydraulic unit 5. This embodiment takes a variable pitch propeller hydraulic unit as an example for illustration. The hydraulic unit 5 includes a hydraulic table, a valve group, a filter, an oil tank, a motor, a motor starting box, an electrical control box and the like. Multiple components inside the hydraulic unit 5 vibrate during operation, forming a vibration source.

[0047] The platform 1 is a U-shaped cradle platform. The hydraulic unit 5 is placed on the upper part of the center position of the platform 1. The cylinder top connecting seat 2 is fixed on the front and rear sides of the left and right end faces (i.e. the four corners of the bottom of the platform 1) of the platform 1 through bolts 9. The platform 1 is connected to the extended end of the piston rod 3.1 at the top of the hydraulic damping device 3 through the cylinder top connecting seat 2.

[0048] The hydraulic damping device 3 of this embodiment includes a piston rod 3.1, a front end cover 3.2, a rod hydraulic chamber 3.3, a hydraulic cylinder barrel 3.4, a conical piston 3.5, a flow guide hole 3.6, a rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7, a guide hole 3.8, a guide shaft 3.9, a rear end cover 3.10, a rear end cover oil guide hole 3.11, a rear oil guide joint 3.12 and a hydraulic cylinder flange base 3.13.

[0049] The hydraulic cylinder flange base 3.13 of the hydraulic damping device 3 is fixed on the cabin deck 8 through bolts 9. The bottom of the rear end cover 3.10 is coaxially welded and fixed on the hydraulic cylinder flange base 3.13. The hydraulic cylinder barrel 3.4 is coaxially installed on the rear end cover 3.10. The hydraulic cylinder barrel 3.4 is placed in a vertical manner. The front end cover 3.2 and the rear end cover 3.10 respectively close the upper and lower openings of the hydraulic cylinder barrel 3.4, forming a hydraulic cylinder.

[0050] The conical piston 3.5 is placed inside the hydraulic cylinder barrel 3.4. The maximum outer diameter of the conical piston 3.5 is smaller than the inner diameter of the hydraulic cylinder barrel 3.4. There is a pre-set gap between the circumferential end of the conical piston 3.5 and the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder barrel 3.4, which divides the hydraulic cylinder barrel 3.4 into the rod hydraulic chamber 3.3 and the rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7 connected in series. The upper and lower tapered surfaces of the conical piston 3.5 can make the hydraulic oil flow rapidly between the rod hydraulic chamber 3.3 and the rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7 through the conical piston 3.5.

[0051] The conical piston 3.5 of the embodiment is a suspended conical piston suspended in the hydraulic cylinder barrel 3.4. A guide hole 3.8 is arranged at the center of the lower conical surface of the conical piston 3.5. A vertically upward guide shaft 3.9 is coaxially arranged at the upper center of the rear end cover 3.10, and the upper end of the guide shaft 3.9 is inserted into the guide hole 3.8. When the pressure of the rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7 and the pressure of the rod hydraulic chamber 3.3 change, the conical piston 3.5 can move up and down along the guide shaft 3.9 in a straight line through the guide hole 3.8. The bottom of the conical piston 3.5 is provided with a flow guide hole 3.6 perpendicular to the guide hole 3.8 at the upper part of the guide hole 3.8. The guide hole 3.8 communicates with the rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7 through the flow guide hole 3.6, and the left and right parts of the flow guide hole 3.6 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the guide hole 3.8. When the conical piston 3.5 moves up and down along the guide shaft 3.9, the hydraulic oil in the rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7 quickly enters and exits the guide hole 3.8 through the flow guide hole 3.6, and the elastic modulus of the hydraulic oil in the guide hole 3.8 changes to reduce the vibration of the conical piston 3.5, thereby improving the damping effect of the hydraulic damping device 3.

[0052] The upper end of the conical piston 3.5 is coaxially arranged with a vertically upward piston rod 3.1, and the protruding end of the piston rod 3.1 protrudes from the center of the front end cover 3.2 and is connected to the ear ring 10. The ring hole of the ear ring 10 matches the connecting through hole of the cylinder top connecting seat 2, and the ear ring 10 is connected to the corresponding cylinder top connecting seat 2 through the pin shaft 11, thereby realizing the support of the hydraulic damping device 3 to the platform 1.

[0053] The rear end cover 3.10 is provided with a rear end cover flow guide hole 3.11, which has a plurality of inner ends respectively communicating with the rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7. The rear end cover flow guide hole 3.11 has two outer ends respectively located at the side of the rear end cover 3.10. A rear oil outlet connector 3.12 is fixed to the rear end cover 3.10 at one of the outer ends of the rear end cover flow guide hole 3.11. The first oil pipe end of the three-way oil pipe 7 is connected to the rear oil outlet connector 3.12 and communicates with the rear end cover flow guide hole 3.11. The other outer end of the rear end cover flow guide hole 3.11 is used to output hydraulic oil. The first shut-off valve 6.1 is arranged on the first oil pipe of the three-way oil pipe 7 near the rear oil outlet connector 3.12, and is used to control the opening and closing and flow rate of the three-way oil pipe 7 and the rear end cover flow guide hole 3.11.

[0054] When the hydraulic damping device 3 of the embodiment works independently, the conical piston 3.5 is suspended in the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder barrel 3.4. When the upper and lower pressures are the same, the upper and lower conical surfaces of the conical piston 3.5 have different cross-sectional areas because the upper end of the conical piston 3.5 is connected to the piston rod 3.1. The upper conical surface of the piston 3.5 has a smaller area than the lower conical surface. The area difference between the upper and lower conical surfaces generates an upward thrust, so that the conical piston 3.5 and the piston rod 3.1 suspended in the hydraulic oil support the platform 1 and the hydraulic unit 5.

[0055] The hydraulic shock absorber 3 is connected to the gas-liquid shock absorber 4 through a three-way oil pipe 7. The gas-liquid shock absorber 4 of the embodiment comprises an air inlet and outlet device 4.1, a sealing element 4.2, a gas-liquid cylinder piston 4.3, an upper end cover 4.4, an air cavity 4.5, a gas-liquid cylinder barrel 4.6, a front oil guide joint 4.7, a hydraulic cavity oil guide hole 4.8, a hydraulic cavity 4.9, a stop ring 4.10, a lower end cover 4.11, and a gas-liquid cylinder flange base 4.12.

[0056] The gas-liquid cylinder flange base 4.12 of the gas-liquid shock absorber 4 is fixed on the cabin deck 8 by bolts 9. The lower end cover 4.11 is coaxially installed on the upper end of the gas-liquid cylinder flange base 4.12, the gas-liquid cylinder barrel 4.6 is vertically installed on the lower end cover 4.11, the upper end cover 4.4 is installed on the upper part of the gas-liquid cylinder barrel 4.6, and the gas-liquid cylinder barrel 4.6 is formed into a closed inner cavity through the upper end cover 4.4 and the lower end cover 4.11. The gas-liquid cylinder piston 4.3 is arranged in the gas-liquid cylinder barrel 4.6, the sealing element 4.2 is installed between the gas-liquid cylinder piston 4.3 and the gas-liquid cylinder barrel 4.6, and the inner cavity of the gas-liquid cylinder barrel 4.6 is divided into the air cavity 4.5 and the hydraulic cavity 4.9. The stop ring 4.10 is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the gas-liquid cylinder barrel 4.6 close to the lower part of the upper end cover 4.4, used for controlling the maximum stroke of the gas-liquid cylinder piston 4.3, and the gas-liquid cylinder piston 4.3 stops rising when the top end of the gas-liquid cylinder piston 4.3 contacts the stop ring 4.10. The air inlet and outlet device 4.1 is arranged on the outer side of the upper part of the gas-liquid cylinder barrel 4.6 below the stop ring 4.10, used for inputting high-pressure gas into the air cavity 4.5 or receiving high-pressure gas discharged from the air cavity 4.5 to control the pressure in the air cavity 4.5.

[0057] The hydraulic cavity oil guide hole 4.8 is arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the gas-liquid cylinder barrel 4.6 and communicates with the hydraulic cavity 4.9, the front oil guide joint 4.7 is installed on the side wall of the gas-liquid cylinder barrel 4.6 outside the hydraulic cavity oil guide hole 4.8, and the second oil pipe end of the three-way oil pipe 7 is installed on the front oil guide joint 4.7 and communicates with the hydraulic cavity oil guide hole 4.8. The second stop valve 6.2 is installed on the second oil pipe of the three-way oil pipe 7 close to the side of the front oil guide joint 4.7, used for controlling the on-off and flow rate between the second oil pipe and the gas-liquid shock absorber 4. The third oil pipe of the three-way oil pipe 7 is connected to the outside and can be connected to a hand pump for oil supplement, and the third stop valve 6.3 is installed on the third oil pipe, used for controlling the on-off of the three-way oil pipe 7 and the hand pump and the oil flow rate of the hand pump.

[0058] The hydraulic chamber 4.9 of the pneumatic-hydraulic damping device 4 is connected to the rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7 of the hydraulic damping device 3 via a three-way oil pipe 7. Simultaneously, the opening and closing of the first shut-off valve 6.1 and the opening degree of the second shut-off valve 6.2 are adjusted to regulate the connection and disconnection between the hydraulic chamber 4.9 and the rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7, as well as the hydraulic oil flow rate between them. For example, when either the first shut-off valve 6.1 or the second shut-off valve 6.2 is closed, the connection between the hydraulic chamber 4.9 and the rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7 is severed, and only the hydraulic damping device 3 performs damping operations. When both the first shut-off valve 6.1 and the second shut-off valve 6.2 are open, the hydraulic chamber 4.9 and the rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7 are connected, and both the pneumatic-hydraulic damping device 4 and the hydraulic damping device 3 perform damping operations simultaneously, achieving dual-cylinder damping. As the opening degree of the first shut-off valve 6.1 and the second shut-off valve 6.2 increases, the damping effect of the pneumatic-hydraulic damping device 4 increases. After opening the third shut-off valve 6.3, pressurize the hydraulic damping device 3 and the pneumatic-hydraulic damping device 4 by hand-cranking pump, increase the extension of the piston rod 3.1 of the hydraulic damping device 3, thereby lifting the platform 1, and control the horizontal position of the platform 1 by the extension of the four piston rods 3.1 at the bottom of the platform 1. Close the third shut-off valve 6.3 when using the damping operation.

[0059] Vibration reduction is achieved using the cradle-type adjustable-pitch propeller hydraulic unit vibration reduction device of this embodiment, as follows:

[0060] 1. Preparations before shock absorption:

[0061] First, install the shock absorber on the engine room deck 8. Place the hydraulic unit 5 at the center of the upper part of the platform 1. Open the first shut-off valve 6.1 and the third shut-off valve 6.3, and close the second shut-off valve 6.2. Pressurize the rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7 of the hydraulic shock absorber 3 using a hand pump. As the pressure in the rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7 increases, the piston rod 3.1 of the hydraulic shock absorber 3 extends upward. The piston rod 3.1 lifts the platform 1 to the corresponding position through the lug 10 and the cylinder top connecting seat 2. Adjust the extension of the piston rods 3.1 of the four hydraulic shock absorbers 3 below the platform 1 to make the platform 1 horizontal. After adjustment, close the first shut-off valve 6.1 and the third shut-off valve 6.3.

[0062] Secondly, close the second stop valve 6.2, the external high pressure gas is delivered into the air cavity 4.5 through the gas-liquid damping device 4 inlet and outlet gas device 4.1, the air cavity 4.5 pressure is adjusted; close the first stop valve 6.1 and open the second stop valve 6.2 and the third stop valve 6.3, the hydraulic cavity 4.9 of the gas-liquid damping device 4 is pressurized by the hand pump; when the rodless hydraulic cavity 3.7 pressure of the hydraulic damping device 3 and the hydraulic cavity 4.9 pressure of the gas-liquid damping device 4 are equal, stop the hand pump pressurization, at the same time open the first stop valve 6.1, again pressurize by the hand pump, adjust the extension amount of the hydraulic damping device 3 piston rod 3.1, readjust the height of the front and rear ends of the left and right sides of the platform 1, that is, adjust the horizontal position of the platform 1, after the adjustment is completed, close the third stop valve 6.3.

[0063] 2, damping operation:

[0064] By adjusting the opening and closing of the first stop valve 6.1 and the second stop valve 6.2, the damping device of the embodiment can adopt single-cylinder working mode or double-cylinder working mode to damp the hydraulic unit 5 during ship navigation; at the same time, in double-cylinder working mode, the damping strength of the gas-liquid damping device 4 is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the first stop valve 6.1 and the second stop valve 6.2.

[0065] Single-cylinder working mode, that is, hydraulic damping device 3 independent working mode: close the first stop valve 6.1 or the second stop valve 6.2, shield the damping effect of the gas-liquid damping device 4, only the hydraulic damping device 3 works; the vibration generated by various vibration sources of the ship is transmitted to the hydraulic cylinder flange base 3.13, the rear end cover 3.10 and the hydraulic cylinder barrel 3.4 of the hydraulic damping device 3 through the engine room deck 8;

[0066] When the engine room deck 8 vibrates upward, the hydraulic cylinder flange base 3.13, the rear end cover 3.10 and the hydraulic cylinder barrel 3.4 connected thereto move upward, the pressure of the rodless hydraulic cavity 3.7 rises, the hydraulic oil of the rodless hydraulic cavity 3.7 quickly enters the rod hydraulic cavity 3.3 through the lower conical surface of the conical piston 3.5, at this time, the rear end cover 3.10 and the guide shaft 3.9 move upward, so that the hydraulic oil in the guide hole 3.8 flows into the rodless hydraulic cavity 3.7 along the flow guide hole 3.6, the hydraulic oil in the rod hydraulic cavity 3.3 and the rodless hydraulic cavity 3.7 plays a certain elastic damping effect on the upward vibration through the elastic modulus of the hydraulic oil;

[0067] When the cabin deck 8 vibrates downward, the hydraulic cylinder flange base 3.13, the rear end cover 3.10 and the hydraulic cylinder barrel 3.4 connected therewith move downward, the pressure of the rod hydraulic chamber 3.3 rises, the hydraulic oil in the rod hydraulic chamber 3.3 quickly enters the rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7 through the upper taper surface of the conical piston 3.5, at this time, the rear end cover 3.10 and the guide shaft 3.9 move downward, so that the hydraulic oil in the rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7 is sucked into the guide hole 3.8 through the flow guide hole 3.6, and the downward vibration is damped by the hydraulic oil;

[0068] When the hydraulic oil flows from the rod hydraulic chamber 3.3 into the rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7 through the conical piston 3.5, it has a significant damping effect on the downward vibration; at the same time, as the cabin deck 8 starts to vibrate and the vibration amplitude increases, the rod hydraulic chamber 3.3 will be vacuumized during the downward vibration, when the hydraulic oil in the rod hydraulic chamber 3.3 is vacuumized, the hydraulic damping device 3 has a better damping effect on the platform 1 and the hydraulic unit 5, the greater the vibration amplitude, the more obvious the damping effect.

[0069] Double-cylinder mode, that is, the hydraulic damping device 3 and the gas-liquid damping device 4 work simultaneously: open the first stop valve 6.1 and the second stop valve 6.2, and the gas-liquid damping device 4 joins the damping work, the larger the opening of the first stop valve 6.1 and the second stop valve 6.2, the greater the damping effect of the gas-liquid damping device 4, on the contrary, the smaller the opening of the first stop valve 6.1 and the second stop valve 6.2, the smaller the damping effect of the gas-liquid damping device 4, and if the first stop valve 6.1 or the second stop valve 6.2 is closed, the gas-liquid damping device 4 does not have a damping effect; after the first stop valve 6.1 and the second stop valve 6.2 are opened, the vibrations generated by various vibration sources of the ship are directly transmitted to the hydraulic cylinder flange base 3.13, the rear end cover 3.10 and the hydraulic cylinder barrel 3.4 of the hydraulic damping device 3 through the cabin deck 8;

[0070] When the cabin deck 8 vibrates upward, the hydraulic cylinder flange base 3.13, the rear end cover 3.10 and the hydraulic cylinder barrel 3.4 connected therewith move upward, the pressure of the rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7 rises, part of the hydraulic oil in the rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7 enters the rod hydraulic chamber 3.3 through the lower taper surface of the conical piston 3.5, and the other part of the hydraulic oil in the rodless hydraulic chamber 3.7 flows out through the rear end cover oil guide hole 3.11, then enters the hydraulic chamber 4.9 through the rear oil guide joint 3.12, the three-way oil pipe 7, the first stop valve 6.1, the second stop valve 6.2, the front oil guide joint 4.7 and the hydraulic chamber oil guide hole 4.8, so that the pressure of the hydraulic chamber 4.9 rises, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic chamber 4.9 pushes the gas-liquid cylinder piston 4.3 to move upward to extrude the gas in the air chamber 4.5, thereby playing a buffering and damping effect. At the same time, the maximum stroke of the gas-liquid cylinder piston 4.3 is controlled by the stop ring 4.10 on the upper part of the gas-liquid cylinder barrel 4.6.

[0071] When the cabin deck 8 is vibrated downward, the flange base 3.13, the rear end cover 3.10 and the hydraulic cylinder barrel 3.4 connected with the cabin deck 8 are moved downward, at this time, the pressure of the rod hydraulic cavity 3.3 is increased, the pressure of the rodless hydraulic cavity 3.7 inside the hydraulic damping device 3 is decreased, the hydraulic oil in the rod hydraulic cavity 3.3 flows to the rodless hydraulic cavity 3.7 through the upper conical surface of the conical piston 3.5, and the piston rod 3.1 is hindered from moving downward with the cabin deck 8; at the same time, the air cavity 4.5 of the gas-liquid damping device 4 inputs high-pressure gas through the air inlet and outlet device 4.1 to increase the pressure, and the gas-liquid cylinder piston 4.3 is moved downward, the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic cavity 4.9 is pushed by the gas-liquid cylinder piston 4.3 to flow into the rodless hydraulic cavity 3.7 through the hydraulic cavity oil guide hole 4.8, the front oil guide joint 4.7, the second stop valve 6.2, the three-way oil pipe 7, the first stop valve 6.1, the rear oil guide joint 3.12 and the rear end cover oil guide hole 3.11, the pressure of the rodless hydraulic cavity 3.7 is increased, and the pressure of the rodless hydraulic cavity 3.7 due to downward vibration is decreased, so that the downward vibration of the cabin deck 8 is damped by the double-cylinder damping effect.

[0072] In the double-cylinder damping working mode, by adjusting the opening degree of the first stop valve 6.1 and the second stop valve 12, the flow rate of the three-way oil pipe 7 connected between the hydraulic damping device 3 and the gas-liquid damping device 4 can be controlled, so that the damping effect of the gas-liquid damping device 4 can be controlled.

[0073] Although the principles of the present application have been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the embodiments are intended only to illustrate the illustrative implementation of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The details in the embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the scope of the present application, and any equivalent transformation, simple replacement and the like based on the technical solutions of the present application, which do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present application, fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A vibration damping device for a cradle-type adjustable pitch propeller hydraulic unit, characterized in that, The shock absorption device includes a platform (1), a hydraulic shock absorption device (3), and a pneumatic-hydraulic shock absorption device (4). Four hydraulic shock absorbers (3) are respectively fixed below the four corners of the bottom of the platform (1); each hydraulic shock absorber (3) includes a piston rod (3.1), a hydraulic cylinder, a conical piston (3.5), a guide hole (3.6), a guide hole (3.8), a guide shaft (3.9), and a hydraulic cylinder flange base (3.13); the conical piston (3.5) is a suspended conical piston with upper and lower conical surfaces, suspended in the hydraulic cylinder, and there is a gap between the circumferential end of the conical piston (3.5) and the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder, dividing the hydraulic cylinder into a rod-type hydraulic chamber (3.3) and a rodless hydraulic chamber (3.7) that are connected vertically; the piston rod (3.1) is coaxially mounted on the upper end of the conical piston (3.5), and the piston rod (3.1) The extended end of the piston (3) is connected to the bottom of the platform (1), and the hydraulic shock absorber (3) supports the platform (1); the guide hole (3.8) is located at the center of the lower conical surface of the conical piston (3.5); the hydraulic cylinder includes a rear end cover (3.10), and the guide shaft (3.9) is coaxially installed at the upper center of the rear end cover (3.10). The upper end of the guide shaft (3.9) is inserted into the guide hole (3.8), and the conical piston (3.5) moves vertically up and down along the guide shaft (3.9) through the guide hole (3.8); the guide hole (3.6) is located at the bottom of the conical piston (3.5), and the guide hole (3.8) communicates with the rodless hydraulic chamber (3.7) through the guide hole (3.6); The gas-liquid shock absorber (4) is fixedly installed on the outside of the four hydraulic shock absorbers (3); the hydraulic shock absorber (3) is connected to the gas-liquid shock absorber (4) through oil pipes; The oil pipe is a three-way oil pipe (7), which includes a first oil pipe, a second oil pipe and a third oil pipe; a shut-off valve group (6) is provided on the three-way oil pipe (7); the shut-off valve group (6) includes a first shut-off valve (6.1), a second shut-off valve (6.2) and a third shut-off valve (6.3); the first shut-off valve (6.1) is installed on the first oil pipe of the three-way oil pipe (7) which is connected to the hydraulic shock absorber (3), the second shut-off valve (6.2) is installed on the second oil pipe of the three-way oil pipe (7) which is connected to the gas-liquid shock absorber (4), and the third oil pipe of the three-way oil pipe (7) is used for connecting external equipment, and the third shut-off valve (6.3) is installed on the third oil pipe; The gas-liquid damping device (4) also includes a gas-liquid cylinder, an air inlet / outlet device (4.1), a gas-liquid cylinder piston (4.3), and a hydraulic chamber oil guide hole (4.8). The piston (4.3) of the pneumatic-hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the pneumatic-hydraulic cylinder, dividing the inner cavity of the pneumatic-hydraulic cylinder into an air chamber (4.5) and a hydraulic chamber (4.9). The air inlet / outlet device (4.1) is installed on the pneumatic-hydraulic cylinder at the upper part of the air chamber (4.5) to regulate the pressure inside the air chamber (4.5). The hydraulic chamber oil guide hole (4.8) is provided on the lower side wall of the pneumatic-hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic chamber (4.9) is connected to the oil pipe through the hydraulic chamber oil guide hole (4.8). The damped hydraulic unit (5) is placed above the center of the platform (1); when the shut-off valve group (6) is closed, the hydraulic damping device (3) performs damping operation on the hydraulic unit (5); when the first shut-off valve (6.1) and the second shut-off valve (6.2) are open, hydraulic oil flows between the rodless hydraulic chamber (3.7) and the hydraulic chamber (4.9) of the pneumatic-hydraulic damping device (4), and the pneumatic-hydraulic damping device (4) and the hydraulic damping device (3) simultaneously perform damping operation on the hydraulic unit (5).

2. The vibration damping device for the cradle-type adjustable pitch propeller hydraulic unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic cylinder also includes a front end cover (3.2) and a hydraulic cylinder barrel (3.4). The front end cover (3.2) and the rear end cover (3.10) are respectively installed at the upper and lower openings of the hydraulic cylinder barrel (3.4); the bottom of the rear end cover (3.10) is coaxially fixed on the hydraulic cylinder flange base (3.13).

3. The vibration damping device for the cradle-type adjustable pitch propeller hydraulic unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rear end cover (3.10) is provided with a rear end cover guide hole (3.11), and the rodless hydraulic chamber (3.7) is connected to the oil pipe through the rear end cover guide hole (3.11).

4. The vibration damping device for the cradle-type adjustable pitch propeller hydraulic unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shock absorption device also includes a cylinder top connecting seat (2), an ear ring (10) and a pin (11); the cylinder top connecting seat (2) is fixed to the bottom of the platform (1); the ear ring (10) is installed at the extended end of the piston rod (3.1) and is connected to the cylinder top connecting seat (2) through the pin (11).

5. The vibration damping device for the cradle-type adjustable pitch propeller hydraulic unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas-liquid damping device (4) also includes a stop ring (4.10); the stop ring (4.10) is installed in the gas-liquid cylinder at the upper part of the air cavity (4.5) to control the maximum stroke of the gas-liquid cylinder piston (4.3).

6. The vibration damping device for the cradle-type adjustable pitch propeller hydraulic unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas-liquid shock absorber (4) further includes a gas-liquid cylinder flange base (4.12); the gas-liquid cylinder includes an upper end cover (4.4), a gas-liquid cylinder barrel (4.6), and a lower end cover (4.11); the lower end cover (4.11) is coaxially mounted on the upper end of the gas-liquid cylinder flange base (4.12), the gas-liquid cylinder barrel (4.6) is vertically mounted on the lower end cover (4.11), and the upper end cover (4.4) is mounted on the upper part of the gas-liquid cylinder barrel (4.6).

7. A vibration reduction method for a controllable pitch propeller hydraulic unit, characterized in that, The vibration damping device for the cradle-type controllable pitch propeller hydraulic unit described in claim 3 is used to dampen the hydraulic unit (5) on the ship, as follows: S1. Install the shock absorption device on the engine room deck (8) and place the hydraulic unit (5) at the upper center of the platform (1); adjust the height of the end of the platform (1) so that the platform (1) is in a horizontal position; S2. Adjust the opening and closing of the first shut-off valve (6.1) and the second shut-off valve (6.2). The shock absorption device uses a single-cylinder working mode or a double-cylinder working mode to reduce the vibration of the hydraulic unit (5) during the ship's navigation process. Single-cylinder working mode: When the first shut-off valve (6.1) or the second shut-off valve (6.2) is closed, the ship vibration is transmitted to the hydraulic cylinder flange base (3.13), the rear end cover (3.10) and the hydraulic cylinder barrel (3.4) of the hydraulic damping device (3); When the cabin deck (8) vibrates upward, the hydraulic cylinder flange base (3.13), the rear end cover (3.10) and the hydraulic cylinder barrel (3.4) move upward, the pressure in the rodless hydraulic chamber (3.7) increases, and the hydraulic oil in the rodless hydraulic chamber (3.7) enters the rod hydraulic chamber (3.3). At this time, the rear end cover (3.10) and the guide shaft (3.9) move upward, and the hydraulic oil in the guide hole (3.8) flows into the rodless hydraulic chamber (3.7) along the guide hole (3.6), and the upward vibration is elastically damped by the elastic modulus of the hydraulic oil. When the cabin deck (8) vibrates downward, the hydraulic cylinder flange base (3.13), the rear end cover (3.10) and the hydraulic cylinder barrel (3.4) move downward, the pressure in the rod hydraulic chamber (3.3) increases, and the hydraulic oil in the rod hydraulic chamber (3.3) enters the rodless hydraulic chamber (3.7). At this time, the rear end cover (3.10) and the guide shaft (3.9) move downward, and the hydraulic oil is drawn into the guide hole (3.8) through the guide hole (3.6). The hydraulic oil elastically dampens the downward vibration. Dual-cylinder working mode: When the first shut-off valve (6.1) and the second shut-off valve (6.2) are opened, the ship's vibration is transmitted to the hydraulic cylinder flange base (3.13), the rear end cover (3.10) and the hydraulic cylinder barrel (3.4) of the hydraulic damping device (3); When the cabin deck (8) vibrates upward, the hydraulic cylinder flange base (3.13), the rear end cover (3.10) and the hydraulic cylinder barrel (3.4) move upward, the pressure in the rodless hydraulic chamber (3.7) increases, and part of the hydraulic oil in the rodless hydraulic chamber (3.7) enters the rod hydraulic chamber (3.3) through the conical piston (3.5). The other part of the hydraulic oil in the rodless hydraulic chamber (3.7) flows out through the oil guide hole (3.11) of the rear end cover and enters the hydraulic chamber (4.9), increasing the pressure in the hydraulic chamber (4.9). The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic chamber (4.9) pushes the pneumatic cylinder piston (4.3) to move upward, squeezing the gas in the air chamber (4.5) to buffer and dampen the shock. When the cabin deck (8) vibrates downward, the hydraulic cylinder flange base (3.13), rear end cover (3.10), and hydraulic cylinder barrel (3.4) move downward. At this time, the pressure in the rod hydraulic chamber (3.3) increases, and the pressure in the rodless hydraulic chamber (3.7) decreases. The hydraulic oil in the rod hydraulic chamber (3.3) flows to the rodless hydraulic chamber (3.7) through the conical piston (3.5), preventing the piston rod (3.1) from moving downward with the cabin deck (8). At the same time, the air chamber (4.5) inputs high-pressure gas through the air inlet and outlet device (4.1) to increase the pressure, pushing the air-hydraulic cylinder piston (4.3) to move downward. The hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic chamber (4.9) flows into the rodless hydraulic chamber (3.7), increasing the pressure in the rodless hydraulic chamber (3.7) and performing double-cylinder damping for the downward vibration.

8. The vibration reduction method for the controllable pitch propeller hydraulic unit according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S1, the attitude adjustment method of platform (1) is as follows: First, open the first shut-off valve (6.1) and the third shut-off valve (6.3), close the second shut-off valve (6.2), and pressurize the rodless hydraulic chamber (3.7) of the hydraulic damping device (3) by hand-cranking pump; as the pressure in the rodless hydraulic chamber (3.7) increases, the piston rod (3.1) of the hydraulic damping device (3) extends upward. By adjusting the extension amount of the piston rod (3.1), the platform (1) is made to be in a horizontal position, and the first shut-off valve (6.1) and the third shut-off valve (6.3) are closed. Next, close the second shut-off valve (6.2) and adjust the pressure of the air chamber (4.5) through the air inlet / outlet device (4.1); close the first shut-off valve (6.1) and open the second shut-off valve (6.2) and the third shut-off valve (6.3), and pressurize the hydraulic chamber (4.9) of the gas-liquid damping device (4) through the hand pump; When the pressure of the hydraulic chamber (4.9) and the rodless hydraulic chamber (3.7) are equal, stop the hand pump pressurization, open the first shut-off valve (6.1), pressurize again through the hand pump, adjust the extension of the piston rod (3.1) of the hydraulic damping device (3), readjust the horizontal position of the platform (1), and close the third shut-off valve (6.3) after the adjustment is completed.

Images