An automatic temperature-controlled catalytic combustion device and a method for operating the same

Abstract

The application provides a catalytic combustion device with automatic temperature control and a running method thereof, and the catalytic combustion device comprises a heat conduction component, an airflow heat conduction heat exchanger and a catalytic bed layer; the heat conduction component comprises a peripheral plate and an inner part; a cavity is formed on the inner side of the peripheral plate; the airflow heat conduction heat exchanger and the catalytic bed layer are sequentially arranged in the cavity along the conveying direction of waste gas; the catalytic bed layer is used for arranging a catalyst; the inner part is arranged in the cavity formed by the peripheral plate, and the catalytic bed layer is divided into at least two areas; the peripheral plate is connected with the airflow heat conduction heat exchanger; the application can realize the uniform distribution of heat of the whole catalytic bed layer, and can also preheat the waste gas by using the heat of catalytic combustion, and has the effects of preventing temperature overshoot and fully utilizing energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of catalytic combustion, and in particular to an automatic temperature-controlled catalytic combustion device and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Catalytic combustion treatment technology has been widely used in low and medium concentration organic waste gas treatment projects because it can achieve a higher purification effect of organic waste gas at a lower temperature. It is combined with activated carbon adsorption and desorption processes, rotary processes, etc.

[0003] The honeycomb substrate commonly used in existing catalytic combustion equipment not only has catalytic properties, but also has excellent heat storage capacity. As the reaction proceeds, the heat released by the catalytic combustion reaction accumulates in large quantities in the local bed layer, causing the temperature of this part of the bed to rise rapidly, resulting in a "flying temperature" phenomenon in the catalytic bed. Alternatively, when the concentration at the inlet of the catalytic bed is too high, a large amount of heat is released instantly due to the catalytic reaction, and due to the heat storage effect of the catalyst, it accumulates in the catalytic bed, causing the temperature to run away. The active components of the catalyst have operating temperature requirements. When the temperature is too high, the catalyst will deteriorate and the catalytic activity will decrease. Long-term operation will seriously affect the service life of the catalytic bed.

[0004] There are currently two conventional treatment options for local "overheating" or large-scale overheating during the use of the catalytic bed:

[0005] (1) Install a temperature detection device, feedback the temperature through the catalytic bed, and adjust the intake air flow and temperature when it exceeds a certain limit. For example, turn off the heater in the intake pipe and open the fresh air inlet at the catalytic bed to dilute the exhaust gas concentration and accelerate the cooling of the catalytic bed.

[0006] (2) The catalytic combustion rate of the catalyst bed is controlled by adopting the method of staged catalysis and staged heat exchange to avoid the heat generation in the catalyst bed being too fast. At the same time, the corresponding heat exchange device is matched to timely exchange the heat generated in each stage.

[0007] The current technologies for controlling the catalytic bed temperature for catalytic combustion are as follows:

[0008] CN107504506A discloses a catalytic combustion purification process and device thereof, which adopts concentration control and split combustion to collaboratively control the combustion temperature of the catalytic bed. Organic waste gas is mixed with air and / or oxygen to obtain a mixed gas, and the mixing ratio between the two is adjusted so that the combustion temperature is within a controllable range. The mixed gas is divided into two parts. After being heated, one part of the mixed gas enters at least two stages of catalytic combustion sections in sequence for catalytic combustion. The remaining mixed gas undergoes reverse heat exchange with the mixed gas at the outlet of each stage of the catalytic combustion section to control the temperature of each stage of the catalytic combustion section. The remaining mixed gas is then mixed with the combustion airflow and burned to finally obtain purified gas. Although this scheme uses a variety of means to control the temperature changes of the catalytic bed from the source and during use, there are the following problems: ① This scheme adopts a layered and graded arrangement, and the catalyst loading amount in different sections needs to be controlled to ensure the smooth progress of the catalytic combustion reaction, which is not convenient for actual implementation; ② This scheme uses heat exchange to replace the temperature in the bed. According to the heat exchange requirements of different parts of the air flow, multiple heat exchange devices need to be set up, and some even require the heat exchange devices to be equipped with heat exchange surfaces with variable heat areas, which increases the design difficulty and implementation cost; ③ The entire catalytic combustion process requires multiple heat exchanges, and each heat exchange will result in heat loss, which ultimately leads to the inability to maximize the effective utilization of the energy of the catalytic combustion device.

[0009] CN114832734A discloses a method of segmented cooling within the catalytic layer, wherein the catalyst is loaded into the tube array, and the cooling medium is layered outside the tube shell according to the temperature requirements. Different parts of the catalytic bed are cooled segmented, reducing the temperature difference in the reactor axis and radial direction, while effectively reducing the hot spots in the reactor and improving the controllability of the reactor temperature. However, this scheme adopts the technology of immersing the catalytic reaction in the entire cooling medium. This technology has the following main problems: 1) It is only applicable to catalysts that are convenient to load into the tube, such as granular or powdered ones, and is more commonly used in chemical catalytic reactions. It is not very suitable for catalytic reactions that require the use of larger-sized catalysts such as honeycomb ones; 2) Since each segment of the segmented cooling has different requirements for the cooling medium, in order to meet different requirements, it is necessary to take sealing measures for the partition tube sheet for each segment. The more segments there are, the more sealing requirements for the partition tube sheet are, which increases the manufacturing cost of the entire reactor.

[0010] CN102287834A discloses an oil and gas catalytic reaction device and a catalytic combustion treatment device. The method comprises installing a catalytic reactor in the inner cavity of a heat exchanger, controlling the heat dissipation of the catalytic reactor surface by adjusting the airflow velocity entering the heat exchanger, and simultaneously providing a plurality of catalyst assemblies in the catalytic reactor and placing them at intervals to prevent heat from diffusing longitudinally inwardly. Heat is transferred from the catalyst itself to the copper tube surface and then dissipated through heat dissipation fins on the wall surface. However, there are the following problems: ① In order to prevent the longitudinal diffusion of heat after the catalyst reaction from being able to be quickly transferred laterally to the copper tube surface, a conical catalyst assembly is provided in the catalytic reactor. Due to the irregular shape of the assembly, the requirements for the catalyst material filled in the assembly are high during application. The catalyst material is generally granular or mesh-shaped, which is not applicable to monolithic honeycomb catalysts. ② The heat dissipation of the entire catalytic reactor is mainly dissipated through convection heat exchange with the outside world through the heat dissipation fins on the copper tube wall. The internal components of the catalytic reactor rely entirely on the heat transfer of the catalyst itself. The internal heat dissipation capacity is limited, and the heat at the central axis of the catalytic reactor cannot be quickly dissipated.

[0011] In order to break away from the limitations of catalytic bed applications, heat conduction and heat dissipation are also used to control the temperature of high-temperature equipment. This method is used in industrial computers and air compressors, but it has the following main disadvantages:

[0012] ① It is necessary to use external equipment such as cooling fans or exhaust fans to draw out the heat inside the equipment, which complicates the configuration of the entire catalytic combustion device and increases the failure rate.

[0013] ② The heat conduction device requires additional cooling facilities, which can only achieve heat conduction and cannot realize the utilization of the heat in the catalytic combustion device. Moreover, the additional configuration requires a large amount of insulation measures to maximize the energy utilization of the catalytic combustion device, and the sealing requirements of the catalytic combustion device are high.

[0014] From the above, it can be seen that currently there is still a lack of effective methods for catalytic combustion devices to evenly distribute the heat of the catalytic bed and avoid temperature runaway. Summary of the Invention

[0015] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a catalytic combustion device with automatic temperature control and an operating method thereof, which utilizes heat-conducting components and airflow heat-conducting heat exchangers to achieve uniform heat distribution throughout the entire catalytic bed, while preheating the incoming exhaust gas, thereby achieving lossless energy utilization of the catalytic combustion device and temperature control of the catalytic bed.

[0016] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0017] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a catalytic combustion device with automatic temperature control, which includes a heat-conducting component, an airflow heat-conducting heat exchanger and a catalytic bed; the heat-conducting component includes an outer plate and an inner component; a cavity is formed on the inner side of the outer plate; the airflow heat-conducting heat exchanger and the catalytic bed are arranged in sequence in the cavity along the exhaust gas conveying direction; the catalytic bed is used to set the catalyst; the inner component is arranged in the cavity formed by the outer plate, dividing the catalytic bed into at least two areas; the outer plate is connected to the airflow heat-conducting heat exchanger.

[0018] It is worth noting that the present invention is mainly aimed at the problem that "temperature runaway" or "overheating" often occurs during the use of catalytic combustion devices, resulting in catalyst deactivation and performance degradation. In order to solve the above problems, the automatic temperature control catalytic combustion device provided by the present invention has the following advantages: first, compared with the traditional crude adjustment method of using a temperature detector to detect temperature feedback and adjust the air volume of the heater and catalytic combustion device, the present invention can use the temperature difference within the catalytic combustion device to achieve automatic and uniform temperature control inside the catalytic combustion device by using a heat-conducting component, and the temperature regulation is more precise. At the same time, the air flow heat exchanger can directly transfer the heat at the end of the catalytic combustion device to the exhaust gas at the inlet, thereby naturally reducing the heating energy consumption of the front-end heater, making the control more gentle and effective, and avoiding large fluctuations in the intake air temperature; secondly, compared with the traditional hierarchical design and hierarchical catalytic catalytic combustion device design concept, the present invention uses a heat-conducting component to turn the entire catalytic combustion device into a uniform thermal whole, eliminating the insulation and sealing required by the hierarchical design, simplifying the design and production difficulty and cost of the entire catalytic combustion device, while not affecting the use effect of the entire catalytic combustion device. Furthermore, the present invention is provided with the function of directly transferring heat for reuse and exchanging heat with fresh air, which has a high heat utilization rate and can realize precise temperature control. Moreover, the heat conduction and heat exchange process of the entire device is automatically completed in the equipment by utilizing the temperature difference, and no additional insulation or sealing measures are required.

[0019] The present invention adopts a unique airflow heat conduction heat exchanger design, and connects the outer plate with the airflow heat conduction heat exchanger at the inlet. The outer plate can be used to transfer the heat in the catalytic combustion device to the airflow heat conduction heat exchanger at the inlet as needed according to the temperature difference, and the excess temperature in the bed can be directly transferred to the inlet, so that the heat can be directly recycled in the catalytic combustion device, reducing the energy consumption of intake air preheating, and realizing the forward utilization of the terminal heat. At the same time, the airflow at the equipment inlet can be redistributed to ensure the uniformity of the airflow entering the catalytic bed.

[0020] Preferably, the airflow heat conduction heat exchanger comprises at least two staggered rows of butterfly components; the butterfly components comprise two arc-shaped plates with openings facing each other; the staggered arrangement is such that the butterfly components in any row are interspersed between two butterfly components in adjacent rows.

[0021] In the present invention, two adjacent rows of butterfly-shaped components are interspersed and symmetrically arranged, allowing gas to circulate through the space between the two rows. This interlaced butterfly structure creates eddy currents in the gap, allowing for sufficient contact with the butterfly-shaped component surfaces and sufficient heat exchange. Furthermore, due to the formation of eddy currents, the structure creates a certain amount of resistance, which helps redistribute the airflow, acting as an airflow distributor, ensuring uniform airflow and preventing uneven airflow from entering the catalytic bed, which can lead to inadequate catalytic bed utilization and concentrated combustion.

[0022] Preferably, the overlap between any row of butterfly members and the adjacent row of butterfly members accounts for 40-60% of the overall length of the butterfly members, for example, 40%, 42%, 43%, 45%, 48%, 50%, 52%, 53%, 55%, 58%, or 60%. Preferably, a symmetrical structure is adopted, that is, the overlap between any row of butterfly members and the adjacent row of butterfly members accounts for 50% of the overall length of the butterfly members.

[0023] Preferably, protruding structures are distributed inside the arc-shaped plate.

[0024] The present invention preferably provides a mastoid structure on the arc surface, and when the airflow passes through the structure, a vortex can be formed inside to enhance the heat exchange effect, while also having the function of airflow distribution.

[0025] Preferably, the airflow heat exchanger is made of a heat-conducting material. In the present invention, the butterfly-shaped component is preferably integrally formed of a heat-conducting material.

[0026] Preferably, the inner component comprises at least one heat-conducting axis plate and at least one heat-conducting support plate arranged along the airflow direction. The heat-conducting axis plate connects two sides of the outer plate, and the heat-conducting support plate is arranged perpendicular to the heat-conducting axis plate.

[0027] Preferably, the heat-conducting component is made of a heat-conducting material.

[0028] Preferably, at least one heat-conducting shaft plate, at least one heat-conducting support plate and the peripheral plate together form at least one tic-tac-toe structure; and the inner area of ​​each tic-tac-toe structure is used for arranging a catalyst.

[0029] Furthermore, to improve heat dissipation and even heat distribution, the heat-conducting shaft plate, heat-conducting support plate, and peripheral plate are all in close contact with the catalyst. The catalyst and heat-conducting components fit tightly together, allowing heat generated in the catalytic bed to be quickly transferred to the heat-conducting components on all four sides, preventing localized temperature spikes.

[0030] In the present invention, the heat-conducting shaft plate and the heat-conducting support plate are distributed alternately with the catalyst in the catalytic bed, ensuring that the heat generated by the catalyst in each area can be directly conducted to the nearby heat-conducting component. The temperature difference between different areas of the catalytic bed and the heat-conducting component is utilized to quickly distribute the heat evenly, thereby achieving uniform temperature distribution in the airflow direction of the entire catalytic bed, ensuring the purification effect, and preventing the occurrence of local temperature runaway problems.

[0031] Preferably, at least one heat-conducting support plate is provided on each heat-conducting axis plate and extends to the outside of the heat-conducting axis plate.

[0032] Preferably, when the catalyst is a monolithic catalyst, the distance between adjacent heat-conducting support plates is the same as one dimension of the monolithic catalyst, thereby ensuring close contact between the heat-conducting support plates and the catalyst.

[0033] Preferably, the ratio of the distance between the heat-conducting support plate and the distance between the two heat-conducting support plates is 0.5 to 1:1, for example, it can be 0.5:1, 0.55:1, 0.6:1, 0.65:1, 0.7:1, 0.75:1, 0.8:1, 0.85:1, 0.9:1, 0.95:1 or 1:1, etc.

[0034] Preferably, the catalytic combustion device further comprises a thermal insulation layer, which is arranged on the outside of the outer plate. The gap space between the thermal insulation layer and the outer plate forms an air chamber, and a heat exchange fluid inlet and a heat exchange fluid outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the air chamber.

[0035] The air chamber of the present invention can selectively realize the function of heat exchange or heat preservation according to the excess heat of the catalytic combustion device. The function switching is simple and does not affect the overall structure of the entire catalytic combustion device.

[0036] Specifically, when the catalytic bed temperature is seriously overheated and the catalytic combustion device is unable to digest the heat on its own, in addition to transferring as much heat as possible to the exhaust gas through the airflow heat exchanger (turning off the heating equipment that originally needed to preheat the exhaust gas), the air valves in the air chambers on both sides are opened at the same time to let in cold air, and the heat in the catalytic bed is transferred to the heat sinks on both sides through the heat conduction components. The air flowing in the air chambers quickly removes the heat, maintaining the catalytic bed within the appropriate operating temperature range. When the temperature of the catalytic bed is within the operating range, the heat of the catalytic combustion device is self-digested through the airflow heat exchanger and the heat conduction components. At the same time, the air valves corresponding to the air chambers on both sides are closed, and there is no air flow in the air chambers, forming a gas insulation layer, further reducing the heat loss of the equipment.

[0037] Preferably, a heat dissipation device is provided in the air chamber.

[0038] Preferably, the heat dissipation device includes a heat sink, and the heat sink is connected to the peripheral plate.

[0039] In the present invention, air chambers are arranged on the left and right sides of the catalytic combustion device, and heat sinks are arranged in the air chambers, which are connected to the outer plates. When the thermal energy in the catalytic bed is appropriate, the air chambers are in a closed state, creating a gas insulation layer for the catalytic combustion device; when the energy in the catalytic bed is excessive, cold air can be introduced into the air chambers, and the outer plates and heat sinks are used to quickly transfer the heat in the catalytic combustion device to the air and carry it out of the catalytic combustion device, thereby maintaining the heat of the catalytic combustion device within a controllable range.

[0040] Preferably, the heat sink has a hole structure. The heat sink of the present invention is provided with a plurality of small holes to facilitate airflow.

[0041] Preferably, the heat exchange fluid inlet is arranged at the bottom of the air chamber, and the heat exchange fluid outlet is arranged at the top of the air chamber.

[0042] Preferably, a first air valve is provided at the heat exchange fluid inlet, and a second air valve is provided at the heat exchange fluid outlet.

[0043] Preferably, the catalytic combustion device further comprises an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet arranged in sequence along the exhaust gas conveying direction. The airflow heat transfer heat exchanger and the catalytic bed are both arranged between the exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust gas outlet;

[0044] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust gas inlet gradually increases along the exhaust gas conveying direction.

[0045] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust gas outlet gradually decreases along the exhaust gas conveying direction.

[0046] Preferably, the exhaust gas inlet is arranged at the top of the catalytic combustion device, and the exhaust gas outlet is arranged at the bottom of the catalytic combustion device. The catalytic combustion device of the present invention is preferably distributed vertically.

[0047] The present invention has no special restrictions on the above-mentioned thermal conductive material. Any material that can be used for thermal conductivity known to those skilled in the art can be used, and can also be adjusted according to actual conditions. For example, it can be a metal or metal alloy material such as copper, aluminum, iron, or a metal-containing thermal conductive composite material, such as a thermal conductive high-density plate, or a material that is thermally conductive itself, such as a graphene plate.

[0048] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an operating method of the automatic temperature-controlled catalytic combustion device according to the first aspect, the operating method comprising:

[0049] After the exhaust gas enters the catalytic combustion device, it is preheated in the air flow heat transfer heat exchanger and then transported to the catalytic bed for catalytic combustion. The gas after catalytic combustion is discharged from the catalytic combustion device.

[0050] The heat generated by the catalytic combustion is transferred to the air flow heat exchanger through the heat conduction component for preheating to maintain the temperature of the catalytic combustion.

[0051] Preferably, when the temperature of the catalytic combustion is moderate, no heat exchange fluid is introduced into the air chamber. Alternatively, when the temperature of the catalytic combustion is relatively high, a heat exchange fluid is introduced into the air chamber, and the cooling energy of the heat exchange fluid is transferred to the catalytic bed through the heat conducting component, thereby cooling the catalytic bed and lowering the temperature of the entire catalytic combustion device.

[0052] Preferably, the exhaust gas is in a vortex state in the air flow heat transfer heat exchanger.

[0053] The present invention has no special requirements on the composition of the exhaust gas, and can be adapted to any exhaust gas composition that requires catalytic combustion treatment known to those skilled in the art, preferably VOCs.

[0054] It is worth noting that the catalyst of the present invention can be a monolithic catalyst or a bulk catalyst, preferably a monolithic catalyst; wherein the monolithic catalyst includes a honeycomb catalyst.

[0055] The present invention has no particular limitation on the specific composition of the catalyst. Any catalyst composition that can be used for catalytic combustion and is well known to those skilled in the art can be used, and can also be adjusted according to the actual process.

[0056] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0057] (1) The automatic temperature control catalytic combustion device provided by the present invention is provided with an air flow heat transfer heat exchanger and a heat transfer component. The heat transfer component timely transfers the heat generated by the catalytic bed to the peripheral plate by providing an internal component, and transfers the heat on the peripheral plate to the air flow heat transfer heat exchanger. This not only realizes the transfer of heat inside the catalytic bed, but also can preheat the incoming exhaust gas, thereby achieving full utilization of heat.

[0058] (2) The automatic temperature control catalytic combustion device provided by the present invention preferably includes at least one heat-conducting shaft plate and at least one heat-conducting support plate as its internal components, thereby being able to divide the catalytic bed into multiple areas. Even if the temperature in a certain area is too high, the heat can be transferred to the heat-conducting shaft plate and the heat-conducting support plate in a timely manner, thereby avoiding the situation of localized temperature fluctuations. Moreover, the arrangement of the heat-conducting shaft plate and the heat-conducting support plate is more conducive to transferring the heat from the catalytic bed to the peripheral plates, resulting in faster heat transfer and better temperature control effect.

[0059] (3) The automatic temperature control catalytic combustion device provided by the present invention preferably has at least two rows of butterfly-shaped components arranged in a staggered manner, which not only increases the heat exchange area between the airflow and the airflow heat exchanger, but also enables the airflow to present a vortex state inside the airflow heat exchanger, thereby extending the residence time of the airflow in the airflow heat exchanger, that is, extending the heat exchange time;

[0060] (4) The automatic temperature-controlled catalytic combustion device provided by the present invention is preferably provided with an air chamber on the outside, which can be used to introduce heat exchange fluid (i.e., heat exchange cooling air) to further cool the catalytic bed when the heat inside the catalytic bed is difficult to consume, thereby achieving an effective temperature control effect; and the air chamber does not need to introduce heat exchange fluid when the heat inside the catalytic combustion can be consumed, and can play the role of heat preservation of the air layer, thereby maintaining the temperature inside the catalytic bed within a reasonable range;

[0061] (5) The automatic temperature-controlled catalytic combustion device provided by the present invention preferably has a heat dissipation device provided in the air chamber, which can further improve the heat exchange effect in the air chamber;

[0062] (6) The operating method of the automatic temperature-controlled catalytic combustion device provided by the present invention can avoid the temperature-flying phenomenon during the catalytic combustion process, and can effectively utilize the heat generated by the catalytic combustion. It can also be adapted to both block-type catalysts and bulk catalysts, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] Figure 1 This is a front view of the automatic temperature-controlled catalytic combustion device provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 2 It is a side view of the automatic temperature-controlled catalytic combustion device provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 3 It is a top view of the automatic temperature-controlled catalytic combustion device provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the heat-conducting components in the automatic temperature-controlled catalytic combustion device provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 5 It is a front schematic diagram of the airflow heat transfer heat exchanger in the automatic temperature control catalytic combustion device provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 6 It is an axial schematic diagram of an airflow heat transfer heat exchanger in an automatic temperature-controlled catalytic combustion device provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the heat sink in the automatic temperature-controlled catalytic combustion device provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0070] In the figure: 1. Exhaust gas inlet; 2. Exhaust gas outlet; 3. Airflow heat exchanger; 3-1. First row of butterfly components; 3-2. Second row of butterfly components; 4. Catalytic bed; 5. Heat-conducting component; 5-1. Outer plate; 5-2. Heat-conducting shaft plate; 5-3. Heat-conducting support plate; 6. Heat dissipation device; 7-1. First air chamber; 7-2. Second air chamber; 8-1. First air valve; 8-2. Second air valve; 9. Insulation layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] For the convenience of understanding the present invention, the present invention is given below with examples. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the purpose of helping to understand the present invention and should not be regarded as specific limitations of the present invention.

[0072] It should be understood that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0073] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0074] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention must include necessary pipelines, conventional valves and general pump equipment for realizing a complete process, but the above content does not belong to the main invention point of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can add layouts on their own based on the process flow and equipment structure selection, and the present invention does not make special requirements and specific limitations on this.

[0075] Example 1

[0076] This embodiment provides a catalytic combustion device with automatic temperature control. Figures 1 to 3 The catalytic combustion device includes a heat-conducting component 5, an airflow heat-conducting heat exchanger 3 and a catalytic bed 4.

[0077] See also Figure 4 The heat-conducting component 5 includes an outer plate 5-1 and an inner component; a cavity is formed inside the outer plate 5-1; an airflow heat exchanger 3 and a catalytic bed 4 are sequentially arranged in the cavity along the exhaust gas conveying direction; the catalytic bed 4 is used to set the catalyst. The inner component is arranged in the cavity formed by the outer plate 5-1, dividing the catalytic bed 4 into at least two areas; the outer plate 5-1 is connected to the airflow heat exchanger 3. The inner component includes at least one heat-conducting axis plate 5-2 and at least one heat-conducting support plate 5-3 arranged along the airflow direction; the heat-conducting axis plate 5-2 connects the two sides of the outer plate 5-1, and the heat-conducting support plate 5-3 is arranged perpendicular to the heat-conducting axis plate 5-2; the material of the heat-conducting component 5 is a heat-conducting material.

[0078] Specifically, at least one heat-conducting shaft plate 5-2, at least one heat-conducting support plate 5-3, and the outer plate 5-1 together form at least one tic-tac-toe structure; the interior area of ​​each tic-tac-toe structure is used to place the catalyst. At least one heat-conducting support plate 5-3 is provided on each heat-conducting shaft plate 5-2, extending to the outside of the heat-conducting shaft plate 5-2; the ratio of the distance that the heat-conducting support plate 5-3 inside the outermost heat-conducting shaft plate extends beyond the heat-conducting shaft plate 5-2 to the distance between the two heat-conducting support plates 5-3 is 0.5:1, and the ratio of the distance that the heat-conducting support plate outside the outermost heat-conducting shaft plate extends beyond the heat-conducting shaft plate to the distance between the two heat-conducting support plates is 1:1, so that the heat-conducting support plates can completely cover the catalytic bed.

[0079] See also Figures 5 and 6 The airflow heat conduction heat exchanger 3 includes two staggered rows of butterfly components, namely the first row of butterfly components 3-1 and the second row of butterfly components 3-2; the butterfly components include two arc-shaped plates with openings arranged back to back; the staggered arrangement is that the first row of butterfly components 3-1 is interspersed between the two butterfly components of the second row of butterfly components 3-2; the overlapping length between the first row of butterfly components 3-1 and the second row of butterfly components accounts for 50% of the overall length of the butterfly components; the interior of the arc-shaped plate is distributed with a protruding structure; the material of the airflow heat conduction heat exchanger is a heat-conducting material.

[0080] The catalytic combustion device also includes an insulation layer 9, which is arranged on the outside of the outer plate 5-1. The gap space between the insulation layer 9 and the outer plate 5-1 forms an air chamber, which is a first air chamber 7-1 and a second air chamber 7-2 on the left and right sides respectively. A heat exchange fluid inlet (see A1 in the figure) and a heat exchange fluid outlet (see A2 in the figure) are respectively provided at both ends of the air chamber.

[0081] The air chamber is provided with a heat dissipation device 6; see Figure 7 The heat dissipation device 6 includes a heat sink; the heat sink has a hole structure; the heat exchange fluid inlet is arranged at the bottom of the air chamber, and the heat exchange fluid outlet is arranged at the top of the air chamber; a first air valve 8-1 is provided at the heat exchange fluid inlet, and a second air valve 8-2 is provided at the heat exchange fluid outlet.

[0082] The catalytic combustion device also includes a waste gas inlet 1 and a waste gas outlet 2 arranged in sequence along the waste gas conveying direction; the airflow heat conduction heat exchanger 3 and the catalytic bed 4 are both arranged between the waste gas inlet 1 and the waste gas outlet 2; the cross-sectional area of ​​the waste gas inlet 1 gradually increases along the waste gas conveying direction; the cross-sectional area of ​​the waste gas outlet 2 gradually decreases along the waste gas conveying direction; the waste gas inlet 1 is arranged at the top of the catalytic combustion device, and the waste gas outlet 2 is arranged at the bottom of the catalytic combustion device.

[0083] This embodiment also provides an operating method for the above-mentioned automatic temperature-controlled catalytic combustion device, the operating method comprising:

[0084] A catalyst is arranged in the catalytic bed 4; the catalyst is a monolithic catalyst; the monolithic catalyst includes a honeycomb catalyst, and in order to ensure the heat dissipation effect and the heat uniform distribution effect, the catalyst is arranged in close contact with the heat-conducting shaft plate, the heat-conducting support plate and the peripheral plate.

[0085] After the exhaust gas enters the catalytic combustion device, it is preheated in the air flow heat exchanger 3 and then transported to the catalytic bed 4 for catalytic combustion. The gas after catalytic combustion is discharged from the catalytic combustion device;

[0086] The heat generated by the catalytic combustion is transferred to the air flow heat exchanger 3 through the heat conducting component 5 for the preheating to maintain the temperature of the catalytic combustion.

[0087] When the temperature of the catalytic combustion is moderate, no heat exchange fluid is introduced into the air chamber; alternatively, when the temperature of the catalytic combustion is relatively high, a heat exchange fluid is introduced into the air chamber, and the cold energy of the heat exchange fluid is transferred to the catalytic bed 4 through the heat conducting component 5 to cool the catalytic bed 4 and thereby reduce the temperature of the catalytic combustion; the exhaust gas is in a vortex state in the airflow heat conduction heat exchanger 3.

[0088] This embodiment has the following advantages: (1) Compared with the traditional crude adjustment method of using a temperature detector to detect temperature feedback and adjust the air volume of the heater and catalytic combustion device, the present invention can use the temperature difference in the catalytic combustion device to use the heat-conducting component to achieve automatic uniform temperature control inside the catalytic combustion device, and the temperature adjustment is more detailed. At the same time, the air flow heat exchanger can directly move the heat at the end of the catalytic combustion device forward and supply it to the intake air, thereby naturally reducing the heating energy consumption of the front-end heater, and the control is more gentle and effective, avoiding the large fluctuation of the intake air temperature; (2) Compared with the traditional hierarchical design and hierarchical catalytic catalytic combustion device design concept, the present invention uses a heat-conducting component to turn the entire catalytic combustion device into a uniform thermal whole, eliminating the insulation and sealing required by the hierarchical design, simplifying the design and production difficulty and cost of the entire catalytic combustion device, and at the same time not affecting the use effect of the entire catalytic combustion device. (3) This embodiment is provided with the function of direct heat forward recycling and fresh air heat exchange, with high heat utilization rate and precise temperature control. (4) This embodiment adopts a unique airflow heat conduction heat exchanger design, which can realize the effective exchange of heat between the catalytic combustion device and the intake air, realize the forward utilization of the terminal heat, and at the same time redistribute the airflow at the inlet of the device to ensure the uniformity of the airflow entering the catalytic bed. (5) The heat conduction and heat exchange process of the entire device of this embodiment is automatically completed within the device using the temperature difference, and no additional insulation or sealing measures are required. (6) The air chambers on both sides of this embodiment can selectively realize the heat exchange or insulation function according to the excess heat of the catalytic combustion device. The function switching is simple and does not affect the overall structure of the entire catalytic combustion device.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] This embodiment provides a catalytic combustion device with automatic temperature control, which includes a heat conduction component, an airflow heat conduction heat exchanger, and a catalytic bed.

[0091] The heat-conducting component includes an outer plate and an inner component; the inner side of the outer plate forms a cavity; an airflow heat exchanger and a catalytic bed are sequentially arranged within the cavity along the exhaust gas conveyance direction; the catalytic bed is used to accommodate a catalyst. The inner component is arranged within the cavity formed by the outer plate, dividing the catalytic bed into at least two areas; the outer plate is connected to the airflow heat exchanger. The inner component includes at least one heat-conducting axis plate and at least one heat-conducting support plate arranged along the airflow direction; the heat-conducting axis plate connects both sides of the outer plate, and the heat-conducting support plate is arranged perpendicular to the heat-conducting axis plate; the heat-conducting component is made of a heat-conducting material.

[0092] Specifically, at least one heat-conducting shaft plate, at least one heat-conducting support plate, and a peripheral plate together form at least one tic-tac-toe structure; the interior area of ​​each tic-tac-toe structure is used to accommodate the catalyst. At least one heat-conducting support plate is disposed on each heat-conducting shaft plate, extending to the outside of the heat-conducting shaft plate; the ratio of the distance the heat-conducting support plate within the outermost heat-conducting shaft plate extends beyond the heat-conducting shaft plate to the distance between the two heat-conducting support plates is 0.5:1, and the ratio of the distance the heat-conducting support plate outside the outermost heat-conducting shaft plate extends beyond the heat-conducting shaft plate to the distance between the two heat-conducting support plates is 1:1, so that the heat-conducting support plates can completely cover the catalytic bed.

[0093] The airflow heat conduction heat exchanger includes three rows of butterfly components arranged in a staggered manner; the butterfly components include two arc-shaped plates with openings arranged back to back; the staggered arrangement is such that the butterfly components in any row are interspersed between two butterfly components in adjacent rows; the overlapping length between the butterfly components in any row and the butterfly components in the adjacent row accounts for 50% of the overall length of the butterfly components; a protruding structure is distributed inside the arc plate; the material of the airflow heat conduction heat exchanger is a heat-conducting material.

[0094] The catalytic combustion device also includes a heat-insulating layer, which is arranged on the outside of the outer plate. The gap space between the heat-insulating layer and the outer plate forms an air chamber, and a heat exchange fluid inlet and a heat exchange fluid outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the air chamber.

[0095] A heat dissipation device is provided in the air chamber; the heat dissipation device includes a heat sink; the heat sink has a hole structure; the heat exchange fluid inlet is provided at the bottom of the air chamber, and the heat exchange fluid outlet is provided at the top of the air chamber; a first air valve is provided at the heat exchange fluid inlet, and a second air valve is provided at the heat exchange fluid outlet.

[0096] The catalytic combustion device also includes a waste gas inlet and a waste gas outlet arranged in sequence along the waste gas conveying direction; the air flow heat exchanger and the catalytic bed are both arranged between the waste gas inlet and the waste gas outlet; the cross-sectional area of ​​the waste gas inlet gradually increases along the waste gas conveying direction; the cross-sectional area of ​​the waste gas outlet gradually decreases along the waste gas conveying direction; the waste gas inlet is arranged at the top of the catalytic combustion device, and the waste gas outlet is arranged at the bottom of the catalytic combustion device.

[0097] This embodiment also provides an operating method of the automatic temperature-controlled catalytic combustion device, which is the same as that of Example 1 except that the catalyst in the catalytic bed is a bulk catalyst. This embodiment has the same effects as Example 1.

[0098] Example 3

[0099] This embodiment provides a catalytic combustion device with automatic temperature control. Except that no heat dissipation device is provided in the gas chamber, the rest of the catalytic combustion device is the same as that of the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0100] Example 4

[0101] This embodiment provides a catalytic combustion device with automatic temperature control. Except that the heat-conducting support plate is not provided, and only the heat-conducting shaft plate and the peripheral plate are provided, the rest of the catalytic combustion device is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.

[0102] Example 5

[0103] This embodiment provides a catalytic combustion device with automatic temperature control. Except that only one row of butterfly components is provided in the airflow heat transfer heat exchanger, the rest of the catalytic combustion device is the same as that of embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.

[0104] Example 6

[0105] This embodiment provides a catalytic combustion device with automatic temperature control. Except that the structure of the airflow heat conduction heat exchanger is replaced by "the airflow heat conduction heat exchanger includes a hole-type heat exchanger, and the hole-type heat exchanger includes a rectangular plate with holes", the rest of the catalytic combustion device is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0106] Example 7

[0107] This embodiment provides a catalytic combustion device with automatic temperature control. Except that no protruding structure is provided inside the arc-shaped plate, the rest of the catalytic combustion device is the same as that of Example 1, and will not be described in detail here.

[0108] Comparative Example 1

[0109] This comparative example provides a catalytic combustion device. Except that the airflow heat conduction heat exchanger is not provided, the rest of the catalytic combustion device is the same as that of Example 1, and will not be described in detail here.

[0110] Comparative Example 2

[0111] This comparative example provides a catalytic combustion device. Except that the heat-conducting component is only provided with an outer plate and no inner component is provided, the rest of the catalytic combustion device is the same as that of Example 1, and will not be described again.

[0112] Comparative Example 3

[0113] This comparative example provides a catalytic combustion device. Except that the heat-conducting component is only an internal component and no peripheral plate is provided, the rest of the catalytic combustion device is the same as that of Example 1, and will not be described again here.

[0114] The test method of the present invention does not limit the operating method of the catalytic combustion device of the present invention. The catalytic combustion device of the present invention can be applied to different exhaust gases and different operating methods. The following is a test conducted to demonstrate the advantages of the catalytic combustion device of the present invention.

[0115] Temperature stability test of the device in the above embodiment and comparative example: After the core area temperature is stabilized, within the test time (interval is not less than 1 hour), the difference between the highest and lowest temperatures at any point in the working space is within ±10°C. Calculation method: ΔT = ±(T max -T min ) / 2; where ΔT represents the temperature fluctuation, °C; T max Indicates the highest temperature value measured at the device indication point within 30 minutes, °C; T min Indicates the lowest temperature value measured at the device indication point within 30 minutes, in °C.

[0116] The test results of the above embodiments and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.

[0117] Table 1

[0118] Temperature fluctuation ΔT(℃) Test phenomenon Example 1 5～8 Uniform temperature Example 2 8～10 Uniform temperature Example 3 12～20 Uniform temperature Example 4 12～20 Local temperature rise Example 5 8～15 Relatively uniform temperature Example 6 8～15 Relatively uniform temperature Example 7 5～10 Relatively uniform temperature Comparative Example 1 5～15 Relatively uniform temperature and low heat utilization rate Comparative Example 2 ＞10 Local temperature rise and heat utilization rate are reduced Comparative Example 3 ＞5 Uniform temperature, serious overheating phenomenon, and low heat utilization rate

[0119] From Table 1 we can see the following points:

[0120] (1) It can be seen from Examples 1 and 2 that the automatic temperature control catalytic combustion device provided by the present invention has a small temperature fluctuation and a uniform temperature when performing catalytic combustion. The temperature fluctuation ΔT is within ±10°C, and no local temperature runaway phenomenon occurs. In addition, the energy utilization rate is high.

[0121] (2) From the combination of Example 1 and Example 3, it can be seen that Example 1 has a heat sink in the air chamber. Compared with Example 3 in which no heat sink is provided, Example 1 has a temperature fluctuation of only 5 to 8°C, and has high temperature uniformity. In contrast, Example 3 has a temperature fluctuation of 12 to 20°C, which is relatively large. This indicates that the present invention preferably provides a heat sink in the air chamber, which can better ensure the temperature uniformity of the catalytic combustion device.

[0122] (3) Based on Example 1 and Examples 4 to 7, it can be seen that the structural design of the heat-conducting component and the airflow heat exchanger has an impact on the temperature uniformity and temperature runaway of the catalytic combustion device. The present invention preferably uses at least two rows of butterfly-shaped components arranged in a staggered manner as the airflow heat exchanger and uses a heat-conducting component including a heat-conducting support plate, a heat-conducting shaft plate, and an outer plate. This can further improve the overall temperature uniformity of the catalytic combustion device and avoid temperature runaway.

[0123] (4) From Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, it can be seen that Comparative Example 1 does not have an airflow heat conduction heat exchanger, resulting in the inability to fully utilize the heat of catalytic combustion, low heat utilization, and without the airflow distribution function of the airflow heat conduction heat exchanger, the temperature distribution uniformity of the catalytic bed is reduced; in Comparative Example 2, since no internal components are provided, only the outer plate is used for heat transfer, resulting in local temperature runaway inside and a reduced heat utilization; in Comparative Example 3, since no outer plate is provided, heat cannot be transferred to the airflow heat conduction heat exchanger, not only is the heat utilization low but also the overheating phenomenon is serious. This shows that the present invention can better ensure the temperature uniformity of the entire catalytic combustion device by designing a heat conduction component and connecting it with the airflow heat conduction heat exchanger for heat transfer, and the heat conduction component is provided with an outer plate and an internal component.

[0124] The present invention uses the above-described embodiments to illustrate the detailed features of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described detailed features, which does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above-described detailed features to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvements to the present invention, equivalent replacements for the selected technical features of the present invention, additions to auxiliary technical features, and selections of specific methods, etc., fall within the scope of protection and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims

1. A catalytic combustion device with automatic temperature control, characterized in that: The catalytic combustion device includes a heat-conducting component, an airflow heat-conducting heat exchanger and a catalytic bed; The heat-conducting component includes an outer plate and an inner component; a cavity is formed inside the outer plate; The airflow heat exchanger and the catalytic bed are sequentially arranged in the cavity along the exhaust gas conveying direction; the catalytic bed is used to arrange the catalyst; The inner member is disposed in the cavity formed by the outer plate, dividing the catalytic bed into at least two areas; The peripheral plate is connected to the airflow heat conduction heat exchanger; The airflow heat transfer heat exchanger comprises at least two staggered rows of butterfly-shaped components; the butterfly-shaped components comprise two arc-shaped plates with openings facing each other; the staggered arrangement is such that the butterfly-shaped components in any row are interspersed between two butterfly-shaped components in adjacent rows; The interior of the arc-shaped plate is provided with a protruding structure; The material of the airflow heat exchanger is a heat-conducting material; The inner component includes at least one heat-conducting axis plate and at least one heat-conducting support plate arranged along the airflow direction; the heat-conducting axis plate connects two sides of the outer plate, and the heat-conducting support plate is arranged perpendicular to the heat-conducting axis plate; The material of the heat-conducting component is a heat-conducting material; At least one heat-conducting shaft plate, at least one heat-conducting support plate and the peripheral plate together form at least one tic-tac-toe structure; the inner area of ​​each tic-tac-toe structure is used for arranging a catalyst.

2. The catalytic combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one heat-conducting support plate is provided on each heat-conducting axis plate and extends to the outside of the heat-conducting axis plate.

3. The catalytic combustion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ratio of the distance between the heat-conducting support plate and the heat-conducting axis plate to the distance between the two heat-conducting support plates is 0.5-1:

1.

4. The catalytic combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalytic combustion device also includes a heat-insulating layer, which is arranged on the outside of the outer plate. The gap space between the heat-insulating layer and the outer plate forms an air chamber, and a heat exchange fluid inlet and a heat exchange fluid outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the air chamber.

5. The catalytic combustion device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A heat dissipation device is provided in the air chamber.

6. The catalytic combustion device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat dissipation device includes a heat sink.

7. The catalytic combustion device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat sink has a hole structure.

8. The catalytic combustion device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat exchange fluid inlet is arranged at the bottom of the air chamber, and the heat exchange fluid outlet is arranged at the top of the air chamber.

9. The catalytic combustion device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first air valve is provided at the heat exchange fluid inlet, and a second air valve is provided at the heat exchange fluid outlet.

10. The catalytic combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalytic combustion device further comprises an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet sequentially arranged along the exhaust gas conveying direction; the air flow heat conduction heat exchanger and the catalytic bed layer are both arranged between the exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust gas outlet.

11. The catalytic combustion device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust gas inlet gradually increases along the exhaust gas conveying direction.

12. The catalytic combustion device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust gas outlet gradually decreases along the exhaust gas conveying direction.

13. The catalytic combustion device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The exhaust gas inlet is arranged at the top of the catalytic combustion device, and the exhaust gas outlet is arranged at the bottom of the catalytic combustion device.

14. A method for operating the automatic temperature-controlled catalytic combustion device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: The operation method includes: After the exhaust gas enters the catalytic combustion device, it is preheated in the air flow heat exchanger and then transported to the catalytic bed for catalytic combustion. The gas after catalytic combustion is discharged from the catalytic combustion device; The heat generated by the catalytic combustion is transferred to the air flow heat exchanger through the heat conduction component for preheating to maintain the temperature of the catalytic combustion.

15. The operating method according to claim 14, characterized in that: When the temperature of the catalytic combustion is moderate, no heat exchange fluid is introduced into the air chamber; when the temperature of the catalytic combustion is high, a heat exchange fluid is introduced into the air chamber, and the cold energy of the heat exchange fluid is transferred to the catalytic bed through the heat conducting component to cool the catalytic bed and reduce the temperature of the catalytic combustion.

16. The operating method according to claim 15, characterized in that: The exhaust gas is in a vortex state in the air flow heat transfer heat exchanger.

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