Virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method and system considering frequency change rate constraint

Abstract

The application discloses a virtual inertia resource inertia deployment method and system considering frequency change rate constraint, and comprises the following steps: determining minimum inertia shortage, sorting each node according to inertia and calculating the sensitivity of frequency change rate to disturbance power; taking the sensitivity of the adjusted node i and node i+ 1 as the target, calculating the virtual inertia deployment amount of adjacent nodes and implementing inertia deployment and updating the inertia, sensitivity and system inertia shortage of the first i node, starting iteration until the sum of the inertia deployment amounts of all nodes is less than the minimum inertia shortage satisfying the frequency change rate constraint, and finally deploying the remaining inertia shortage to the first i node according to the sensitivity and issuing virtual inertia. The application aims to solve the fine deployment of controllable virtual inertia, thereby assisting power grid dispatchers in reasonably guiding the capacity ratio and optimal layout of conventional power sources and virtual inertia resources, and providing a basis for power system power start mode optimization, operation regulation and control and safety and stability strategy formulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power system operation control, and in particular to a virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method and system considering frequency change rate constraints. Background Art

[0002] To address energy shortages and global climate change, countries around the world are accelerating the large-scale grid integration of renewable energy generation, particularly wind and photovoltaic power. In recent years, my country has leapt to first place globally in installed renewable energy capacity. As more and more traditional synchronous power sources are replaced by new energy generation, this will significantly reduce system inertia, posing significant challenges to frequency stability and security.

[0003] System inertia maintains the current operating state, acting as an impedance to unbalanced active power disturbances that cause changes in operating state. It is a crucial physical quantity for suppressing rapid frequency fluctuations under active power surges. Compared to traditional synchronous generators, renewable energy generators must interface with the grid through power electronic converters. Under traditional control methods, they cannot actively provide inertia support to the grid, weakening the system's frequency response to active power disturbances. In 2016 and 2019, the Australian and UK power grids, which have a high proportion of non-synchronous power sources, ultimately lost 1.83 GW and 1.48 GW of load, respectively, due to large disturbances while operating in low-inertia mode. These power outages, caused by insufficient system inertia support capacity, have sounded the alarm for the safe and stable operation of new power systems under the integration of massive IBRs, garnering widespread attention and attention from grid dispatching departments and relevant research institutions. Determining system inertia requirements and developing appropriate inertia allocation strategies have become key issues that must be addressed in new power systems. Research on system inertia requirements and critical inertia values ​​is still in its infancy. Existing methods often rely on optimization techniques, making it difficult to quickly and mechanistically analyze the impact of different frequency constraints on the system's minimum inertia. For inertia allocation strategies, existing work often uses high-dimensional operation scheduling models that take frequency stability into account, coupled with numerous zero-one variables and nonlinear terms, making them difficult to solve effectively and quickly. There is an urgent need for precise inertia allocation strategies that can be applied to scenarios with varying inertia shortages. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is as follows: In response to the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, a method for inertia allocation of virtual inertia resources is provided that takes into account the frequency change rate constraint. The present invention aims to solve the problem of fine-grained allocation of controllable virtual inertia, thereby assisting power grid dispatchers in rationally guiding the capacity ratio and optimized layout of conventional power sources and virtual inertia resources, and providing a basis for optimizing power system power startup methods, operational regulation, and formulating safety and stability strategies.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method considering frequency change rate constraints includes the following steps:

[0007] S1, determine the minimum inertia shortfall required for the system to meet the frequency change rate constraint H va , sort the nodes in order of inertia from small to large, and calculate the sensitivity of the frequency change rate of each node to the disturbance power S RoCoF,i ;

[0008] S2, with the adjusted nodes i Sensitivity S RoCoF,i and nodes i+ 1 Sensitivity S RoCoF,i+1 Equality is the goal, computing nodes i arrive i +1 virtual inertia adjustment , and for the node i Before implementing inertia adjustment and update i Node inertia, sensitivity and system inertia deficiency, initial variables i is 1;

[0009] S3, determine the inertia allocation of all nodes The sum is less than the minimum inertia shortfall required for the system to meet the frequency change rate constraint. H va Is it true? If so, jump to step S4; otherwise, jump to step S5;

[0010] S4, Judgment i =N-1 is true, if true then i Add 1 and jump to step S2; otherwise jump to step S5;

[0011] S5, adjust the remaining inertia to the front according to the sensitivity i nodes and increase virtual inertia, then end and exit.

[0012] Optionally, in step S1, the system satisfies the minimum inertia shortfall required for the frequency change rate constraint H va The calculation function expression is:

[0013] ,

[0014] In the above formula, H min is the minimum inertia requirement of the system, H 0 is the current inertia level of the system.

[0015] Optionally, the calculation function expression of the minimum inertia requirement of the system is:

[0016] ,

[0017] In the above formula, H min is the minimum inertia requirement of the system; Δ P max is the maximum disturbance power, f n is the system rated frequency, RoCoF limit is the frequency change rate constraint limit, S sys is the system capacity; the calculation function expression of the current inertia level of the system is:

[0018] ,

[0019] In the above formula, and Represents nodes respectively i The inertia time constant and rated capacity of the synchronous generator at; and For nodes i The virtual inertia control coefficient and rated capacity of the deployable inertia resources at the unit are as follows: If the deployable inertia resources do not provide inertia support, the virtual inertia time constant corresponding to the unit is 0.

[0020] Optionally, in step S1, the sensitivity of the frequency change rate of each node to the disturbance power is calculated S RoCoF,i The function expression is:

[0021]

[0022] In the above formula, D u,i Represents a generator node i The disturbance power distribution coefficient of the generator node u represents the active disturbance node, H i For generator nodes i The inertia of the synchronous unit, K i For generator nodes i The virtual inertia control coefficient of the inertia resource that can be deployed is:

[0023] ,

[0024] In the above formula, and are generator node u and generator node i、 Generator Nodej The disturbance power between is the number of generator nodes affected by the active disturbance node, , , N is the number of generator nodes, and:

[0025] ,

[0026] In the above formula, For the i The electromagnetic power output by the generator, For generator nodes i and generator nodes j The phase angle difference between For generator nodes i and generator nodes j The initial value of the phase angle difference between E i For generator nodes i The internal potential amplitude, V j Except for power nodes i For voltages other than B ij For generator nodes i and generator nodes j The susceptance between G ij For generator nodes i and generator nodes j The conductance between.

[0027] Optionally, in step S2, the computing node i arrive i +1 virtual inertia adjustment The function expression is:

[0028] ,

[0029] In the above formula, D u,i 、 D u,i+1 Generator nodes i 、 i +1 disturbance power allocation coefficient; H i 、 H i+1 Generator nodes i 、 j The inertia of the synchronous unit, K i 、 K i+1 For generator nodesi、i+ 1 Virtual inertia control coefficient of the deployable inertia resource.

[0030] Optionally, before updating in step S2 i The functional expressions of node inertia, sensitivity and system inertia deficiency are:

[0031] ,

[0032] ,

[0033] ,

[0034] ,

[0035] In the above formula, For nodes i The updated inertia, H i For generator nodes i The inertia of the synchronous unit, For nodes i The amount of virtual inertia that needs to be increased after the update, For node 1~ i After the updated sensitivity, S RoCoF,i+1 For nodes i +1 sensitivity, is the updated system inertia deficit; is the system inertia shortfall before updating, is the virtual inertia allocation amount that needs to be increased after node m is updated, For nodes i The rated capacity of the virtual inertia resource that can be deployed at is the total rated capacity of the system, , N is the number of generator nodes.

[0036] Optionally, in step S5, the remaining inertia shortage is allocated to the front i When adding virtual inertia to a node, the remaining inertia is allocated to the previous node according to the sensitivity. i The function expression of each node is:

[0037] ,

[0038] In the above formula, To allocate nodes 1 to i The additional virtual inertia of the deployable inertia resources, The remaining inertia of the system after the final update; the additional virtual inertia includes allocating nodes 1 to i The sensitivity of the virtual inertia is increased, and nodes 1 to 2 are allocated according to the remaining inertia shortage. i The calculation function expression of the sensitivity referred to by the additional virtual inertia is:

[0039] ,

[0040] In the above formula, is the sensitivity of node m after inertia adjustment, is the disturbance power allocation coefficient of generator node m, is the inertia of the node m after the final update, K m is the virtual inertia control coefficient of the deployable inertia resource at node m, .

[0041] In addition, the present invention also provides a virtual inertia resource inertia allocation system considering frequency change rate constraints, including a microprocessor and a memory connected to each other, wherein the microprocessor is programmed or configured to execute the virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method considering frequency change rate constraints.

[0042] In addition, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program or instruction. The computer program or instruction is programmed or configured to execute the virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method considering the frequency change rate constraint through a processor.

[0043] In addition, the present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program or instructions, which are programmed or configured to execute the virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method considering the frequency change rate constraint through a processor.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention mainly has the following advantages:

[0045] 1. The virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method considering frequency change rate constraints in this invention is based on the mathematical relationship between system inertia and frequency change rate (RoCoF). It constructs a system minimum inertia requirement assessment method considering frequency stability constraints. Based on the active power disturbance distribution principle, it derives a calculation formula for the sensitivity of each node's frequency change rate (RoCoF) to the disturbance power. This effectively solves the problem of unclear system inertia requirements and quantifies the impact of network structure on node frequency indicators.

[0046] 2. The inertia allocation method of the virtual inertia resource that considers frequency change rate constraints in this invention fully utilizes the frequency regulation function of virtual inertia resources in the new power system, effectively avoiding the problem of weakening frequency stability caused by the integration of large-scale low-inertia renewable energy units into the power grid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the basic process of the method of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the active power disturbance distribution principle in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a complete process of the method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a topological diagram of the improved IEEE-39 node system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 5 1 is a system inertia center frequency response curve before inertia adjustment and when the RCIDM inertia adjustment method is adopted in the G3 machine switching event in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The present invention provides a method for allocating virtual inertia resources with frequency change rate constraints. This method includes constructing a system minimum inertia requirement assessment model that considers RoCoF constraints based on the mathematical relationship between system inertia requirements and RoCoF. With the goal of achieving equal RoCoF sensitivity at each node after the additional virtual inertia, the virtual inertia of each node's adjustable virtual inertia resources and the system's inertia deficit are sequentially increased. This assists power grid dispatchers in rationally guiding the capacity ratio and optimal layout of conventional power sources and virtual inertia resources, providing a basis for optimizing power system startup methods, operational regulation, and the formulation of safety and stability strategies. The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, the virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method considering the frequency change rate constraint in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0054] S1, determine the minimum inertia shortfall required for the system to meet the frequency change rate constraint H va , sort the nodes in order of inertia from small to large, and calculate the sensitivity of the frequency change rate of each node to the disturbance power S RoCoF,i ;

[0055] S2, with the adjusted nodes i Sensitivity SRoCoF,i and nodes i+ 1 Sensitivity S RoCoF,i+1 Equality is the goal, computing nodes i arrive i +1 virtual inertia adjustment , and for the node i Before implementing inertia adjustment and update i Node inertia, sensitivity and system inertia deficiency, initial variables i is 1;

[0056] S3, determine the inertia allocation of all nodes The sum is less than the minimum inertia shortfall required for the system to meet the frequency change rate constraint. H va Is it true? If so, jump to step S4; otherwise, jump to step S5;

[0057] S4, Judgment i =N-1 is true, if true then i Add 1 and jump to step S2; otherwise jump to step S5;

[0058] S5, adjust the remaining inertia to the front according to the sensitivity i nodes and increase virtual inertia, then end and exit.

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, step S1 of this embodiment includes obtaining system unit parameters, adjustable virtual inertia resource control parameters, system fault disturbance quantity, system admittance matrix and node voltage; calculating the system minimum inertia requirement under RoCoF constraints H min ; Calculate the current inertia level of the system H 0, and obtain the minimum inertia shortage of the system under the frequency change rate constraint H va ; Sort the nodes in ascending order of inertia and calculate the sensitivity of each node S RoCoF,i In step S1 of this embodiment, the system satisfies the minimum inertia shortage of the frequency change rate constraint. H va The calculation function expression is:

[0060] ,

[0061] In the above formula, H min is the minimum inertia requirement of the system, H 0 is the current inertia level of the system.

[0062] In this embodiment, the calculation function expression of the system minimum inertia requirement is:

[0063] ,

[0064] In the above formula, H min is the minimum inertia requirement of the system; Δ P max is the maximum disturbance power, f n is the system rated frequency (usually 50Hz), RoCoF limit is the frequency change rate constraint limit, S sys is the system capacity; the calculation function expression of the current inertia level of the system is:

[0065] ,

[0066] In the above formula, and Represents nodes respectively i The inertia time constant and rated capacity of the synchronous generator at; and For nodes i The virtual inertia control coefficient and rated capacity of the deployable inertia resources at the unit are as follows: If the deployable inertia resources do not provide inertia support, the virtual inertia time constant corresponding to the unit is 0.

[0067] In step S1 of this embodiment, the sensitivity of the frequency change rate of each node to the disturbance power is calculated. S RoCoF,i The function expression is:

[0068]

[0069] In the above formula, D u,i Represents a generator node i The disturbance power distribution coefficient of the generator node u represents the active disturbance node, H i For generator nodes i The inertia of the synchronous unit, K i For generator nodes i The virtual inertia control coefficient of the inertia resource that can be deployed is:

[0070] ,

[0071] In the above formula, and are generator node u and generator node i、 Generator Node j The disturbance power between is the number of generator nodes affected by the active disturbance node, , , N is the number of generator nodes, and:

[0072] ,

[0073] In the above formula, For the i The electromagnetic power output by the generator, For generator nodes i and generator nodes j The phase angle difference between For generator nodes i and generator nodes j The initial value of the phase angle difference between E i For generator nodes i The internal potential amplitude, V j Except for power nodes i For voltages other than B ij For generator nodes i and generator nodes j The susceptance between G ij For generator nodes i and generator nodes j The conductance between.

[0074] In this embodiment, the calculation node in step S2 i arrive i +1 virtual inertia adjustment The function expression is:

[0075] ,

[0076] In the above formula, D u,i 、 D u,i+1 Generator nodes i 、 i +1 disturbance power allocation coefficient; H i 、 H i+1 Generator nodes i 、 j The inertia of the synchronous unit, K i 、 K i+1 For generator nodes i、i+1 Virtual inertia control coefficient of the deployable inertia resource. Figure 2 The figure shows the principle diagram of the disturbance power distribution in this embodiment, wherein is the system disturbance power, is the disturbance time, the generator node u represents the active disturbance node, D 1,u ~ D n,u For node 1~ n The disturbance power distribution coefficient, ~ For node 1~ n The distributed active disturbance power, G 1~ G n Number 1~ n Generator sets.

[0077] In this embodiment, the update in step S2 i The functional expressions of node inertia, sensitivity and system inertia deficiency are:

[0078] ,

[0079] ,

[0080] ,

[0081] ,

[0082] In the above formula, For nodes i The updated inertia, H i For generator nodes i The inertia of the synchronous unit, For nodes i The amount of virtual inertia that needs to be increased after the update, For node 1~ i After the updated sensitivity, S RoCoF,i+1 For nodes i +1 sensitivity, is the updated system inertia deficit; is the system inertia shortfall before updating, is the virtual inertia allocation amount that needs to be increased after node m is updated, For nodes i The rated capacity of the virtual inertia resource that can be deployed at is the total rated capacity of the system, , N is the number of generator nodes.

[0083] In this embodiment, in step S5, the remaining inertia shortage is allocated to the front i When adding virtual inertia to a node, the remaining inertia is allocated to the previous node according to the sensitivity. i The function expression of each node is:

[0084] ,

[0085] In the above formula, To allocate nodes 1 to i The additional virtual inertia of the deployable inertia resources, The remaining inertia of the system after the final update; the additional virtual inertia includes allocating nodes 1 to i The sensitivity of the virtual inertia is increased, and nodes 1 to 2 are allocated according to the remaining inertia shortage. i The calculation function expression of the sensitivity referred to by the additional virtual inertia is:

[0086] ,

[0087] In the above formula, is the sensitivity of node m after inertia adjustment, is the disturbance power allocation coefficient of generator node m, is the inertia of the node m after the final update, K m is the virtual inertia control coefficient of the deployable inertia resource at node m, .

[0088] Based on the above implementation steps, this embodiment uses the PSD-BPA platform to apply the proposed virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method considering the frequency change rate constraint to the improved IEEE-39 node system to verify its effectiveness. In the original model, the bus corresponding to each power node is equipped with a certain amount of deployable inertia resources V1~V10, the initial virtual inertia control coefficient is 0, and G5, G7, and G10 are replaced by a wind farm consisting of 400 wind turbines with a rated power of 1.5MW (W1~W3, not equipped with virtual inertia function). The modified network topology is as follows: Figure 4 As shown in Table 1, the rated parameters of each traditional generator and the upper limit of the adjusted inertia of the virtual inertia resource are shown.

[0089] Table 1 Rated parameters of each unit and upper limit of adjustment inertia of virtual inertia resources

[0090]

[0091] Verification of inertia allocation method: In order to verify the effectiveness of the method of this embodiment, the N-1 fault is used as a test example, and the G3 unit is set to be tripped at t=0s. Considering the RoCoF constraint of 0.5Hz / s, the inertia demand and inertia shortage formulas are used to obtain the minimum inertia demand and inertia shortage of the system that meets the RoCoF constraint under the tripping event, as shown in Table 2.

[0092] Table 2 System inertia shortage under the G3 unit trip event

[0093]

[0094] As can be seen from Table 2, the system inertia shortage is relatively large. When the method of this embodiment (RCIDM) is adopted, according to Figure 3 Based on the idea of ​​​​G3 unit tripping, the virtual inertia required for each node of the test system can be obtained, as shown in Table 3.

[0095] Table 3 Increased virtual inertia of each node

[0096]

[0097] Combined with Table 3, the corresponding inertia is allocated to each unit node H i,al The comparison results of the inertia center frequency response curve and frequency index after the system is disturbed with and without the inertia allocation strategy are as follows: Figure 5 As shown. Figure 5 It can be seen that the maximum RoCoF of the system after the disturbance is reduced from 0.531 Hz / s to 0.345 Hz / s under the virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method (RCIDM) considering the frequency change rate constraint in this embodiment, and the transient frequency deviation Δ f nadir The frequency of the inertia resource allocation method (RCIDM) for virtual inertia resources with frequency change rate constraints is reduced from 0.64 Hz to 0.46 Hz, respectively, improving the transient frequency response characteristics of the system after the disturbance. Therefore, the inertia allocation method (RCIDM) for virtual inertia resources with frequency change rate constraints of this embodiment can reasonably allocate inertia resources at different nodes, which is beneficial for improving the system's anti-interference capability. In addition, the above test scenario also proves that the inertia allocation method (RCIDM) for virtual inertia resources with frequency change rate constraints of this embodiment can effectively improve the system inertia level and enhance the system's anti-interference capability while taking into account the network structure. In large-scale interconnected power grid systems, the advantages of the inertia allocation method (RCIDM) for virtual inertia resources with frequency change rate constraints of this embodiment will be further highlighted, and it can effectively improve the frequency distribution characteristics of large power grid systems.

[0098] In summary, due to the continuous increase in the proportion of renewable energy generation in the current power system, the inertia level of the power system has continued to decline, which has aggravated the frequency fluctuation of the power grid when it is subjected to active power disturbances and shrunk the system operation boundary. In order to improve the inertia situational awareness capability of the power system in the scenario of high renewable energy penetration and enhance the frequency adaptability of the power system to active power disturbances, it is urgent to quantitatively evaluate the inertia demand of the new power system and take inertia allocation measures. This embodiment is based on the mathematical relationship between the system inertia demand and the frequency change rate RoCoF, constructs a system minimum inertia demand assessment model considering the frequency change rate RoCoF constraint; uses the principle of disturbance power allocation to calculate the frequency change rate RoCoF sensitivity under disturbance; with the goal of equalizing the frequency change rate RoCoF sensitivity of each node after the increase of virtual inertia, the inertia level of each node is sequentially increased according to the adjustable virtual inertia resources of each node and the system inertia shortage. This can solve the problem of fine-grained allocation of controllable virtual inertia, thereby assisting power grid dispatchers to reasonably guide the capacity ratio and optimal layout of conventional power sources and virtual inertia resources, and provide a basis for optimizing the power startup mode, operation regulation and control, and formulating safety and stability strategies for the power system.

[0099] In addition, this embodiment also provides a virtual inertia resource inertia allocation system that considers frequency change rate constraints, including an interconnected microprocessor and memory, wherein the microprocessor is programmed or configured to execute the virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method that considers frequency change rate constraints. In addition, this embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores a computer program or instructions that are programmed or configured to execute the virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method that considers frequency change rate constraints via a processor. In addition, this embodiment also provides a computer program product that includes a computer program or instructions that are programmed or configured to execute the virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method that considers frequency change rate constraints via a processor.

[0100] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-readable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, may be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the functions described in the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can guide a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific way, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a product including the instruction device, which implements the function specified in the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process in the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0101] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. All technical solutions based on the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications that do not depart from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method considering frequency change rate constraints, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, determine the minimum inertia shortfall required for the system to meet the frequency change rate constraint H va , sort the generator nodes in order of inertia from small to large, and calculate the sensitivity of the frequency change rate of each generator node to the disturbance power S RoCoF,i : In the above formula, D u,i Represents a generator node i The disturbance power distribution coefficient of the generator node u represents the active disturbance node, H i For generator nodes i The inertia of the synchronous unit, K i For generator nodes i The virtual inertia control coefficient of the inertia resource that can be deployed is: ， In the above formula, and are generator node u and generator node i、 Generator Node j The disturbance power between is the number of generator nodes affected by the active disturbance node, , , N is the number of generator nodes, and: ， In the above formula, For generator nodes i The output electromagnetic power, For generator nodes i and generator nodes j The phase angle difference between For generator nodes i and generator nodes j The initial value of the phase angle difference between E i For generator nodes i The internal potential amplitude, V j Except for power nodes i For voltages other than B ij For generator nodes i and generator nodes j The susceptance between G ij For generator nodes i and generator nodes j The conductance between S2, with the adjusted generator node i Sensitivity S RoCoF,i and generator nodes i+ 1 Sensitivity S RoCoF,i+1 Equality is the goal, calculate the generator node i arrive i +1 virtual inertia adjustment , and the generator node i Before implementing inertia adjustment and update i Node inertia, sensitivity and system inertia deficiency, initial variables i is 1; S3, determine the inertia allocation of all generator nodes The sum is less than the minimum inertia shortfall required for the system to meet the frequency change rate constraint. H va Is it true? If so, jump to step S4; Otherwise, jump to step S5; S4, Judgment i =N-1 is true, if true then i Add 1 and jump to step S2; Otherwise, jump to step S5; S5, adjust the remaining inertia to the front according to the sensitivity i generator nodes and increase virtual inertia, then end and exit.

2. The virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method considering frequency change rate constraint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum inertia shortfall required for the system to meet the frequency change rate constraint in step S1 H va The calculation function expression is: ， In the above formula, H min is the minimum inertia requirement of the system, H 0 is the current inertia level of the system.

3. The virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method considering frequency change rate constraint according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation function expression of the minimum inertia requirement of the system is: ， In the above formula, H min is the minimum inertia requirement of the system; Δ P max is the maximum disturbance power, f n is the system rated frequency, RoCoF limit is the frequency change rate constraint limit, S sys is the system capacity; the calculation function expression of the current inertia level of the system is: ， In the above formula, and Represents the generator nodes i The inertia time constant and rated capacity of the synchronous generator at; and For nodes i The virtual inertia control coefficient and rated capacity of the deployable inertia resources at the unit are as follows: If the deployable inertia resources do not provide inertia support, the virtual inertia time constant corresponding to the unit is 0.

4. The virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method considering frequency change rate constraint according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the generator node is calculated i arrive i +1 virtual inertia adjustment The function expression is: ， In the above formula, D u,i 、 D u,i+1 Generator nodes i 、 i +1 disturbance power allocation coefficient; H i 、 H i+1 Generator nodes i 、 j The inertia of the synchronous unit, K i 、 K i+1 For generator nodes i、i+ 1 Virtual inertia control coefficient of the deployable inertia resource.

5. The virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method considering frequency change rate constraint according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before updating in step S2 i The functional expressions of the generator node inertia, sensitivity and system inertia deficiency are: ， ， ， ， In the above formula, For generator nodes i The updated inertia, H i For generator nodes i The inertia of the synchronous unit, For generator nodes i The amount of virtual inertia that needs to be increased after the update, For generator node 1~ i After the updated sensitivity, S RoCoF,i+1 For generator nodes i +1 sensitivity, is the updated system inertia deficit; is the system inertia shortfall before updating, is the virtual inertia allocation amount that needs to be increased after the generator node m is updated, For generator nodes i The rated capacity of the synchronous generator at For generator nodes i The rated capacity of the virtual inertia resource that can be deployed at is the total rated capacity of the system, , N is the number of generator nodes.

6. The virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method considering frequency change rate constraint according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the remaining inertia shortage is allocated to the front i When adding virtual inertia to a node, the remaining inertia is allocated to the previous node according to the sensitivity. i The function expression of each node is: ， In the above formula, To deploy generator nodes 1 to 2 according to the remaining inertia shortage i The additional virtual inertia of the deployable inertia resources, The remaining inertia of the system after the final update; the additional virtual inertia includes the allocation of generator nodes 1 to i The sensitivity of the virtual inertia is increased, and the generator nodes 1 to 1 are allocated according to the remaining inertia shortage. i The calculation function expression of the sensitivity referred to by the additional virtual inertia is: ， In the above formula, is the sensitivity of the generator node m after inertia adjustment, is the disturbance power allocation coefficient of generator node m, is the inertia of the generator node m after the final update, K m is the virtual inertia control coefficient of the deployable inertia resource at generator node m, .

7. A virtual inertia resource inertia allocation system considering frequency change rate constraints, comprising a microprocessor and a memory connected to each other, characterized in that: The microprocessor is programmed or configured to execute the virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method considering frequency change rate constraints as recited in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instruction stored therein, characterized in that: The computer program or instruction is programmed or configured to execute, through a processor, the virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method considering frequency change rate constraints as recited in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions, characterized in that The computer program or instruction is programmed or configured to execute, through a processor, the virtual inertia resource inertia allocation method considering frequency change rate constraints as recited in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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