A mineralization reaction device based on jet-filled CO2 / SO2 and its operation control strategy

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mineralization reaction device based on jet flow injection of CO2 / SO2 and its operation control strategy. The device includes a mineralization reaction system, an jet injection system, and a water storage system. The mineralization reaction system includes a mineralization reaction tank, which is a reaction vessel for the mineralization reaction. The water storage system stores the water discharged from the mineralization reaction tank and further provides a water source for the mineralization reaction tank through the jet injection system. The jet injection system also provides high-pressure gas to the mineralization reaction tank through an external high-pressure gas tank. The operation control strategy adjusts the injection flow rate of the high-pressure gas and the injection sequence of each gas by monitoring the pressure in the mineralization reaction tank during the reaction. The present invention uses recycled aggregate to seal CO2 and SO2 to achieve the production of high-performance building materials and the resource utilization of solid waste. At the same time, the mineralization reaction time is short, which can realize the industrial production and application of enhanced recycled aggregate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of recycled aggregate processing, and in particular to a mineralization reaction device based on jet flow injection of CO2 / SO2 and an operation control strategy thereof. Background Art

[0002] Because recycled aggregates are coated with porous, fissured old mortar, they have higher porosity, lower density, increased water absorption, weaker bonding ability, and lower aggregate strength. Their performance is often inferior to that of natural aggregates, limiting their application in the construction industry. While some treatment methods, such as cement mortar removal and water glass immersion, can address the issues surrounding recycled aggregates to some extent, they require complex equipment, high energy consumption, and severe secondary pollution, failing to meet the energy-saving, emission-reduction, and environmentally friendly recycling goals. Furthermore, treatment costs are high, efficiency is far below demand, and they can potentially lead to new environmental pollution issues (the acid immersion method produces a large amount of waste acid).

[0003] At the same time, carbon dioxide (CO2), as a resource, has been widely used in geological, chemical, and biological applications. However, due to the huge amount of CO2 produced by the combustion of fossil energy, which far exceeds the current demand in all aspects, the application of large amounts of CO2 in construction waste treatment technology can achieve the mineralization and storage of CO2 using recycled aggregates. The performance of recycled aggregates after enhanced treatment with CO2 is not only improved, but also has good economic and environmental benefits, further solving the problems of environmental pollution caused by construction waste and the increasing shortage of natural sand and gravel resources.

[0004] Since Seifritz first proposed CO2 mineralization storage in Nature in 1990, it has been recognized as a promising emission reduction technology with large-scale CO2 storage potential and application prospects. This technology not only stores CO2 but also uses it as a raw material to produce high-value-added chemical products, achieving efficient CO2 utilization. However, the mineralization storage process requires high-energy and costly pretreatment of natural mineral raw materials. Furthermore, the slow reaction rate per unit mass of industrial solid waste at ambient temperature and pressure limits its storage capacity.

[0005] At present, the CO2-enhanced recycled aggregate process has not yet been industrialized and applied, and related research is mainly carried out in laboratory environments. These laboratory studies usually use closed reaction vessels and maintain standard atmospheric pressure conditions through pressurization and curing boxes. In this environment, research is widely focused on CO2-based gas-solid reaction systems. This system requires direct contact between CO2 and mineralized raw materials under extreme conditions of high temperature and high pressure to promote the formation of carbonates. However, its reaction conditions are quite harsh, usually requiring maintenance of high temperature and high pressure, and the mineralization rate is very low. These factors jointly restrict the development and application of this process. Therefore, it is necessary to design a device that can be widely used and has a high mineralization reaction rate, based on which the recycled aggregates can be enhanced to realize the resource utilization of construction waste. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mineralization reaction device based on jet flow injection of CO2 / SO2 and its operation control strategy, based on the reaction device and operation control strategy, to improve the mineralization reaction rate and realize the reuse of recycled aggregates.

[0007] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the mineralization reaction device based on jet flow injection of CO2 / SO2 described in the present invention is used for carrying out the mineralization reaction of a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction system composed of recycled aggregate, liquid water and high-pressure gas, including a mineralization reaction system, an ejection injection system and a water storage system, wherein the mineralization reaction system includes a mineralization reaction tank, the bottom of the mineralization reaction tank is connected to the water storage system through a set drain outlet, the water storage system is connected to the ejection injection system through a water supply pipeline, a multi-layer static blade group is provided on the inner wall of the mineralization reaction tank, and the static blades are provided with a diversion structure that connects the ejection injection system and the space inside the mineralization reaction tank; the water storage system stores the water discharged from the mineralization reaction tank, and further provides a water source for the mineralization reaction tank through the ejection injection system, and the ejection injection system is provided with a high-pressure gas filling pipe externally connected to the high-pressure gas tank to provide high-pressure gas for the mineralization reaction tank.

[0008] Among them, the diversion structure includes multiple flow pipes evenly arranged inside each static blade, the outlet end of the multiple flow pipes, namely the jet port, faces the inside of the mineralization reaction tank, the inlet ends of the multiple flow pipes are connected in parallel and connected to one end of the radial connecting pipe that passes through the wall of the mineralization reaction tank; the other ends of the radial connecting pipes corresponding to all static blades are connected in parallel and connected to the induced injection system through a horizontal pipe; in the longitudinal direction, the diameter of each layer of the multiple flow pipe increases successively from top to bottom.

[0009] Among them, the middle part of the mineralization reaction tank also has a multi-layer moving blade group suspended in the center of the tank through a stirring shaft; the other end of the stirring shaft is connected to the motor output shaft located at the center of the top outside the mineralization reaction tank, and the surface of each moving blade is provided with a through hole larger than the particle size of the recycled aggregate.

[0010] Among them, the stationary blades and moving blades in the multi-layer stationary blade group and the multi-layer moving blade group are inclined in the longitudinal direction along the flow direction of the reaction system, and the moving blades have a twisted design in the inclined direction, and the stationary blades are inclined in the transverse direction along the flow direction of the reaction system.

[0011] Among them, the top of the mineralization reaction tank is provided with a feed port for placing solid recycled aggregate, a relief valve for adjusting the pressure in the tank, an exhaust port for extracting the air in the tank, and an exhaust valve for discharging the high-pressure gas in the tank after the operation of the device is completed; the lower part of the mineralization reaction tank is provided with a discharge port for discharging the recycled aggregate after mineralization and strengthening, and a conical screen for filtering the water body is provided between the discharge port and the drain port; the center of the screen protrudes upward, the edge of the screen is located at the bottom of the discharge port, and is in contact with the inner wall of the mineralization reaction tank, and the sieve holes on the screen are smaller than the particle size of the recycled aggregate.

[0012] In which, the water storage system includes a filter device connected to the drain outlet, the water outlet end of the filter device is connected to the gas-liquid separation device, the gas path separated by the gas-liquid separation device is connected to the injection filling system, the water path separated by the gas-liquid separation device includes a parallel pumpless water path and an auxiliary water path, the other end of the pumpless water path and the auxiliary water path are connected to the water storage tank, and the water storage tank is connected to the injection filling system through a water supply pipeline; wherein, a water pump is also provided on the auxiliary water path.

[0013] Among them, the ejector filling system includes a heat exchange pipeline connected to the guide structure, the other end of the heat exchange pipeline is connected to the outlet of the ejector, the inlet of the ejector is provided with a vortex pressure nozzle, and the vortex pressure nozzle is connected to the high-pressure gas filling pipe; the throat and inlet of the ejector are connected to the water storage tank through a water pipe and a bypass pipe; the throat of the ejector is also connected to the air circuit, and is connected to the air relief valve through the air relief valve circuit.

[0014] Among them, the high-pressure gas filling pipe includes a high-pressure CO2 filling pipe, a high-pressure SO2 filling pipe, and a high-pressure O2 filling pipe connected in parallel at the air inlet end of the vortex pressure nozzle, and the other ends of the high-pressure CO2 filling pipe, the high-pressure SO2 filling pipe, and the high-pressure O2 filling pipe are respectively connected to the corresponding high-pressure gas cylinders.

[0015] An operation control strategy for the mineralization reaction device based on the jet-flow injection of CO2 / SO2 as described above, for controlling the reaction progress of the mineralization reaction of a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction system composed of recycled aggregate, liquid water, high-pressure CO2, SO2 and O2 gases, including providing a pressure gauge on the top of the mineralization reaction tank, and flow meters on the high-pressure CO2 filling pipe, high-pressure SO2 filling pipe, and high-pressure O2 filling pipe;

[0016] Before the mineralization reaction, the air in the mineralization reaction tank is extracted through the air extraction port so that the pressure value displayed on the pressure gauge is below the set value;

[0017] During the mineralization reaction, water and high-pressure CO2 gas are first injected into the mineralization reaction tank synchronously based on the water storage system and the induced injection system. The injection flow of the high-pressure CO2 gas is adjusted according to the pressure value displayed on the pressure gauge and the flow value displayed on the flow meter on the high-pressure CO2 filling pipe, and the pressure in the mineralization reaction tank is stabilized within the set threshold range through the relief valve; after the mineralization reaction based on the high-pressure CO2 gas has run for a period of time, high-pressure SO2 and O2 gases are injected synchronously, and the injection flow of the high-pressure CO2, SO2 and O2 gases is adjusted according to the pressure value displayed on the pressure gauge and the flow value displayed on each flow meter.

[0018] The method for calculating the filling amount of the high-pressure gas is as follows: first, based on the theoretical maximum carbon and sulfur fixation of the recycled aggregate input into the mineralization reaction, calculate the required amount of CO2, SO2 and O2 gases (approximately less than 70-110kg CO2 / t aggregate), and then increase the calculated value by 10% as the actual filling amount of the corresponding gas.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The present invention has the following advantages: 1. The present invention is based on the mineralization reaction of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction system formed by recycled aggregate, liquid water, and high-pressure gas (CO2, SO2 and O2). During the operation of the device, the recycled aggregate is immersed in water, which can not only use buoyancy to reduce the energy consumption of the stirring reaction system, but also promote the Ca in the reaction system. 2+ Mg 2 + The diffusion of ions and CO2 and SO2 gases, while accelerating the dissolution of high-pressure gas based on the injection filling system and stirring system, improves the gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixing efficiency, accelerates the mineralization reaction, and greatly shortens the mineralization reaction time;

[0020] 2. The mineralization reaction based on the operation of this device uses recycled aggregate to seal CO2 and SO2 to generate relatively stable inorganic carbonates and sulfates, while reducing the water absorption rate of the recycled aggregate and increasing its apparent density, thus achieving the production of high-performance building materials and resource utilization of solid waste, and is also an effective way to reduce CO2 emissions;

[0021] 3. The present invention utilizes multi-step mineralization to further enhance the strength of recycled aggregate as a building material. Compared to a CO2-based gas-solid reaction system, the injection of high-pressure SO2 and O2 gases can react with both the recycled aggregate and the CO2 mineralization product, calcium carbonate. At the same time, the sulfide is oxidized to its highest valence, and the final product is hydrated calcium sulfate (CaSO4·H2O), which adheres to / fills the cracks and surface of the aggregate, achieving a safe mineralization and fixation of SO2, while O2 eliminates sulfites.

[0022] 4. The present invention adjusts the pressure value of the device during operation through the operation control strategy, increases the pressure of the mineralization reaction tank, and further accelerates the process of mineralization reaction;

[0023] 5. This device uses circulating water as a heat transfer medium. In the initial stage of the reaction, when the temperature in the mineralization reaction tank is low, it brings in heat from the outside. After the reaction has proceeded for a period of time, it takes out the heat in the mineralization reaction tank to maintain the temperature of the reaction system.

[0024] 6. The ejection filling system uses the pressure energy of high-pressure gas to achieve self-circulating flow of water and secondary filling of high-pressure gas, thereby strengthening the mixing of gas and liquid, increasing the gas-liquid contact area, and reducing the leakage of high-pressure and high-purity gas;

[0025] 7. In actual application, multiple sets of this device can be arranged to run synchronously. At the same time, the injection and filling systems and water storage systems between multiple sets of this device can be interconnected. According to the progress of each mineralization reaction, each valve is adjusted to open and close the pipeline, so that the circulation of gas and liquid can be realized between multiple sets of this device, and the stable and efficient operation of the mineralization reaction cluster can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device;

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the mineralization reaction system structure;

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the screen structure;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the moving blade group;

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the stationary blade group;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the injection filling system and the water storage system;

[0032] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the heat exchange pipeline structure;

[0033] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of ion diffusion under jet injection and surface injection in the mineralization reaction tank;

[0034] Figure 9 Diagram of the mineralization strengthening mechanism of recycled aggregate;

[0035] Among them, 1. Mineralization reaction tank; 1-1. Feed inlet; 1-2. Air release valve; 1-21. Air path of air release valve; 1-3. Exhaust valve; 1-4. Air extraction port; 1-5. Discharge port; 1-6. Drain port; 1-7. Screen; 1-8. Bracket; 1-9. Vacuum pump;

[0036] 2. Stationary blade assembly; 2-1. Flow guide structure; 2-11. Multi-channel flow pipe; 2-12. Jet orifice; 2-13. Parallel pipe; 2-14. Radial connecting pipe; 2-15. Annular pipe; 2-16. Longitudinal connecting pipe; 2-17. Horizontal pipe;

[0037] 3. Moving blade assembly; 3-1. Stirring shaft; 3-2. Motor;

[0038] 4. Filter device; 5. Gas-liquid separation device; 5-1. Gas circuit; 5-2. Pumpless water circuit; 5-3. Auxiliary water circuit; 5-31. Water pump;

[0039] 6. Water storage tank; 6-1. Water pipe; 6-2. Bypass pipe; 6-21. Tesla valve;

[0040] 7. Ejector; 7-1. Inlet; 7-2. Outlet; 7-3. Throat;

[0041] 8. Heat exchange pipeline; 8-1. Pulsating heat pipe; 9. Nozzle;

[0042] 10. High-pressure gas filling pipe; 10-1. High-pressure CO2 filling pipe; 10-2. High-pressure SO2 filling pipe; 10-3. High-pressure O2 filling pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and drawings.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the raw materials required for the mineralization reaction involved in this device include: recycled aggregate, liquid water, high-pressure gas (CO2, SO2 and O2). The specific structure of the device is: it includes a mineralization reaction system, an induced injection system, and a water storage system. The main body of the mineralization reaction system is the mineralization reaction tank 1, which is the reaction vessel for the mineralization reaction. The water storage system filters and separates the gas and liquid from the water discharged from the mineralization reaction tank 1. The separated water is stored in the water storage tank 6 of the water storage system. The water storage tank 6 further provides water to the mineralization reaction tank 1 through the induced injection system. The induced injection system also provides high-pressure and high-purity gas to the mineralization reaction tank 1 through an external high-pressure gas tank.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the mineralization reaction tank 1 is shaped like a cylinder with hemispherical ends and a central column, offering high pressure-bearing capacity. A bracket 1-8 is provided at its lower exterior end, allowing it to be positioned vertically. The water within the tank can completely submerge the solid recycled aggregate. During operation, the device utilizes an ejector injection system to inject high-pressure gas into the mineralization reaction tank 1, forming a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction system within the tank.

[0046] The top of the mineralization reaction tank 1 is equipped with a feed port 1-1 for introducing solid recycled aggregate, a relief valve 1-2 that automatically discharges high-pressure gas within the tank according to a set threshold (the threshold is 0.35 MPa), an exhaust port 1-4 for extracting air from the tank, and an exhaust valve 1-3 for exhausting high-pressure gas within the tank after the device is operated. The exhaust port 1-4 is connected to a vacuum pump 1-9.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, the lower portion of the mineralization reaction tank 1 is provided with a discharge port 1-5 for discharging the mineralized and reinforced recycled aggregate. A drain port 1-6 for discharging water is provided at the bottom of the mineralization reaction tank 1, and a shut-off valve is provided at the drain port 1-6. Inside the mineralization reaction tank 1, a conical screen 1-7 is provided between the discharge port 1-5 and the drain port 1-6. The center of the screen 1-7 protrudes upward, and the edge of the screen 1-7 is located at the bottom of the discharge port 1-5 and is in contact with the inner wall of the mineralization reaction tank 1. The mesh size of the screen 1-7 is smaller than the particle size of the recycled aggregate. The drain port 1-6 is located below the screen 1-7 and uses the screen 1-7 to initially filter the water in the tank, reducing the amount of recycled aggregate carried by the water out of the tank. The conical structure of the screen 1-7 also guides the mineralized and reinforced recycled aggregate to naturally roll out of the discharge port 1-5.

[0048] like Figure 4 、 5 As shown, a stirring system is also provided in the middle of the mineralization reaction tank 1, specifically comprising a multi-layer static blade group 2 provided on the inner wall and a multi-layer moving blade group 3 suspended in the center of the tank via a stirring shaft 3-1. The other end of the stirring shaft 3-1 is connected to the output shaft of a motor 3-2 located at the center of the outer top of the mineralization reaction tank 1. During operation, the multi-layer moving blade group 3 is driven by the stirring shaft 3-1 to rotate axially around the stirring shaft 3-1, thereby driving the gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction system to flow in a certain direction (counterclockwise or clockwise) in the tank. The blades in the multi-layer static blade group 2 and the multi-layer moving blade group 3 are tilted in the longitudinal direction along the flow direction of the reaction system, and the moving blades have a twisted design in the tilted direction. The static blades in the multi-layer static blade group 2 are also tilted in the transverse direction along the flow direction of the reaction system. The arrangement of the two blade groups can further guide the flow of the reaction system and improve the gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixing efficiency. The three types of twisting designs of the moving blade group can shovel up the recycled aggregate against the incoming flow during the mixing process, thereby turning the recycled aggregate gathered at the bottom and center of the tank upwards.

[0049] To minimize obstruction to the flow of the reaction system caused by the two blade groups, the minimum spacing between the stationary blade group 2 and the moving blade group 3 is greater than 200mm, and the stationary and moving blades can be staggered and evenly arranged. For example, each layer of the moving blade group 3 contains four blades arranged at 90° angles, while each layer of the stationary blade group 2 contains six blades arranged at 60° angles. The surface of each moving blade adopts a hollow design, with an aperture ratio greater than 1mm larger than the particle size of the recycled aggregate, allowing water and some recycled aggregate to easily pass through the blades.

[0050] Each stationary blade is provided with a guide structure 2-1 for introducing water outside the mineralization reaction tank 1 into the tank, that is, the guide structure 2-1 on the stationary blade connects the induced injection system and the space inside the mineralization reaction tank 1. The specific structure is: multiple flow pipes 2-11 are evenly arranged inside each stationary blade, and the outlet end of the multiple flow pipe 2-11, namely the jet port 2-12, faces the mineralization reaction tank 1. The inlet end of the multiple flow pipe 2-11 is connected in parallel to a parallel pipe 2-13, and the parallel pipe 2-13 is connected to one end of a radial connecting pipe 2-14 that passes through the wall of the mineralization reaction tank 1. The other end of the radial connecting pipe 2-14 corresponding to each layer of stationary blades is connected to the annular pipe 2-15 surrounding the wall of the mineralization reaction tank 1. The annular pipes 2-15 corresponding to all layers of stationary blade groups are connected through the longitudinal connecting pipe 2-16, and the longitudinal connecting pipe 2-16 is connected to the induced injection system through the horizontal pipe 2-17. The structure can be further simplified as follows: multiple circulation pipes 2-11 are evenly arranged inside each stationary blade, and the outlet end of the multiple circulation pipes 2-11, namely the jet port 2-12, faces the inside of the mineralization reaction tank 1. The inlet ends of the multiple circulation pipes 2-11 are connected in parallel and connected to one end of the radial connecting pipe 2-14 that passes through the wall of the mineralization reaction tank 1. The other ends of the radial connecting pipes 2-14 corresponding to all stationary blades are connected in parallel and connected to the injection filling system through the horizontal pipe 2-17. Among them, in the longitudinal direction, the diameter of each layer of the multiple circulation pipe 2-11 increases from top to bottom. The setting of the above-mentioned stationary blade group 2 can achieve the stirring effect of the underwater jet, accelerate the dissolution of high-pressure gas, drive the axial rotation of the liquid, and flush the flow dead zone near the inner wall of the mineralization reaction tank 1, further improving the gas-liquid-solid three-phase mixing efficiency.

[0051] like Figure 6 As shown, the injection filling system includes a heat exchange pipeline 8 connected to the horizontal pipe 2-17, as shown in FIG. Figure 7As shown. The heat exchange pipeline 8 can use a tapered tube, and a pulsating heat pipe 8-1 is wound on the tapered surface. The pulsating heat pipe 8-1 can be connected to an industrial heat source for heat exchange (in the initial stage of operation of this device, the water temperature is low. The external industrial heat source heats the gas and liquid in the heat exchange pipeline 8, increasing the enthalpy of the gas, causing it to further expand, and the flow rate is further increased. The temperature / pressure energy is converted into velocity kinetic energy, which can greatly enhance the jet effect and simultaneously increase the temperature of the reaction system in the mineralization reaction tank 1. After the mineralization reaction has been running for a period of time, the temperature in the mineralization reaction tank 1 increases, and the temperature of the discharged water also increases accordingly, circulating to the heat exchange pipeline 8, and reversely providing heat to the pulsating heat pipe 8-1, thereby fully utilizing the heat generated by the mineralization reaction). The other end of the heat exchange pipeline 8 is connected to the outlet 7-2 of the ejector 7, and the throat 7-3 of the ejector 7 is connected to the air release valve 1-2 through the air release valve gas path 1-21. The inlet 7-1 of the ejector 7 is provided with a vortex pressure nozzle 9, which is connected to the filling pipe of the high-pressure gas. The throat 7-3 and the inlet 7-1 of the ejector 7 are both connected to the water storage system through pipelines.

[0052] When the pressure in the mineralization reaction tank 1 is too high, the air relief valve 1-2 discharges part of the high-pressure gas in the tank, and the high-pressure gas enters the throat 7-3 of the ejector 7 through the air relief valve air path 1-21, and is further mixed with the water provided by the water storage system in the throat 7-3 of the ejector 7, thereby realizing secondary filling of the high-pressure gas and reducing leakage waste.

[0053] The high-pressure gas filling pipes include a high-pressure CO2 filling pipe 10-1, a high-pressure SO2 filling pipe 10-2, and a high-pressure O2 filling pipe 10-3 connected in parallel to the air inlet end of the vortex pressure nozzle 9. The other ends of the high-pressure CO2 filling pipe 10-1, the high-pressure SO2 filling pipe 10-2, and the high-pressure O2 filling pipe 10-3 are respectively connected to corresponding high-pressure gas cylinders, and each filling pipe is provided with a stop valve. The vortex pressure nozzle 9 has a simple structure, is easy to operate and maintain, has the advantages of low energy demand, good injection effect, high expansion injection efficiency, etc., and the fluid at the outlet has a tangential velocity. The high-pressure gas is sprayed out at the inlet 7-1 of the ejector 7 at a faster speed using the vortex pressure nozzle 9, thereby improving the efficiency of mixing with the water body at the inlet 7-1 and throat 7-3 of the ejector 7. A gas rectifier is provided between the vortex pressure nozzle 9 and the parallel high-pressure gas filling pipes 10 to rectify the high-pressure gas that converges at the air inlet of the vortex pressure nozzle 9 so that it flows evenly before entering the nozzle. The gas rectifier is a common rectifying device that can convert irregular airflow into regular airflow, or change rotating airflow into straight-line airflow.

[0054] As shown in Table 1, the energy required for the use of common nozzles is shown. It can be seen that the vortex pressure nozzle has the characteristics of low energy demand and good injection effect.

[0055] Table 1 Energy requirements for various nozzles

[0056] Nozzle Type Classic pressure nozzle Swirl pressure nozzle Two-fluid nozzle Rotating nozzle Energy requirements 2-4W / kg 2-4W / kg 50-60W / kg 15W / kg

[0057] The water storage system includes a filter device 4 connected to a drain outlet 1-6. The water outlet of the filter device 4 is connected to a gas-liquid separator 5. The gas path 5-1, separated by the gas-liquid separator 5, is connected to the throat 7-3 of the ejector 7. The water path after separation by the gas-liquid separator 5 comprises a parallel pumpless water path 5-2 and an auxiliary water path 5-3. Both the pumpless water path 5-2 and the auxiliary water path 5-3 are equipped with check valves, and the auxiliary water path 5-3 is also equipped with a water pump 5-31. The pumpless water path 5-2 and the auxiliary water path 5-3 are connected to a water storage tank 6. The water storage tank 6 provides water to the ejector 7 in the following manner: a water supply pipe 6-1 and a bypass pipe 6-2 are connected to the water storage tank 6. The water supply pipe 6-1 is equipped with a check valve, and the bypass pipe 6-2 is equipped with a Tesla valve 6-21. The other ends of the water supply pipe 6-1 and the bypass pipe 6-2 are connected to the throat 7-3 and the inlet 7-1 of the ejector 7, respectively.

[0058] The above-mentioned pipeline arrangement of the water storage system further processes the water discharged from the mineralization reaction tank 1 and stores it in the water storage tank 6, and provides water source for the mineralization reaction in the mineralization reaction tank 1 again through the ejector 7, so that the device forms a closed water cycle.

[0059] An ejector is a fluid transmission device that uses a high-speed jet to create a low-pressure zone, thereby sucking in or pumping low-pressure fluid. Specifically, a vortex pressure nozzle 9 ejects high-pressure gas at high speed, forming a high-speed jet. When the high-speed jet passes through the inlet 7-1 of the ejector 7 and enters the throat 7-3, its velocity increases and its pressure decreases, thereby forming a low-pressure area within the cavity of the ejector 7. This creates a suction force on the spatial area connected to the water pipe 6-1, the bypass pipe 6-2, and the gas path 5-1 separated by the gas-liquid separator 5. This further draws in water from the water storage tank 6 through the water pipe 6-1 and bypass pipe 6-2, as well as gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 5 through the gas path 5-1, resulting in efficient mixing of the high-pressure gas and water in the throat 7-3.

[0060] When the low pressure formed in the ejector 7 is not enough to actively absorb the water in the water storage tank 6, the water pump 5-31 can be turned on to actively provide water for the ejector filling system.

[0061] The inner walls of the parallel pipes 2-13, circulation pipe 5-1, annular pipe 2-15, heat exchange pipe 8, and ejector 7 in this device are all coated with a superhydrophobic coating, and the inner wall surfaces of all pipe joints are rounded. To monitor the progress of the mineralization reaction during operation of this device, a pressure gauge is installed on the top of the mineralization reaction tank 1, and flow meters are installed on the high-pressure CO2 filling pipe 10-1, high-pressure SO2 filling pipe 10-2, and high-pressure O2 filling pipe 10-3.

[0062] When conducting a mineralization reaction, this device can simultaneously utilize the pressure potential energy and velocity kinetic energy of high-pressure gas in a nearly closed loop to quickly achieve liquid-solid separation and significantly reduce the loss of circulating water. Depending on the reaction process of the mineralization reaction system and the demand for gas and liquid, a mineralization reaction system can be connected in parallel to multiple ejector filling systems and water storage systems. That is, it can include multiple ejectors 7 connected in parallel to one end of a horizontal pipe 2-17 through a heat exchange pipeline 8. Each ejector 7 is connected to a water storage system and a high-pressure gas filling pipe 10. All water storage systems are connected in parallel to the drain port 1-6 of the mineralization reaction tank 1. In addition, the corresponding air release valve gas paths 1-21 of all ejectors 7 are connected in parallel to the air release valve 1-2 of the mineralization reaction tank 1.

[0063] like Figure 8 As shown, the multi-channel ejector flow filling method based on the ejector 7 in this device shows great potential in industrial applications, especially when the reactant volume is large and the depth of the reaction tank needs to be increased. Compared with the traditional single-port direct pressure filling method of the mineralization reaction tank 1, the traditional method has most of the gas accumulated in the space above the liquid surface, resulting in the gas only relying on the surface dissolution and then slowly diffusing to the bottom of the tank. Its dissolution rate is largely limited by the air pressure in the upper space of the tank. If the pressure is too high, it will hinder the gas filling. At the same time, during the process of ion dynamic diffusion to the bottom of the tank, it may cause uneven reaction rates of the recycled aggregate in the upper and lower parts, thereby reducing the overall reaction efficiency. However, this device can avoid the above problems. When the tank depth is large, the diameter of the ejector ports 2-12 at different depths can be adjusted according to the dissolution rate of CO2 (SO2) at different depths (pressures), thereby adjusting the jet volume of high-pressure gas at different depths. Such a design makes the CO2 (SO2) concentration of the mineralization reaction tank 1 as evenly distributed as possible in the longitudinal depth direction, further achieving the uniformity of the mineralization reaction in the upper and lower parts of the tank and improving the rate of the mineralization reaction in the tank. At the same time, the injection filling system uses the pressure energy of high-pressure gas to achieve self-circulating flow of water and secondary filling of CO2 (SO2) (from the relief valve 1-2), thereby strengthening the mixing of gas and liquid and increasing the gas-liquid contact area.

[0064] During the loading, draining, and unloading phases of this device, the entire system is suspended, reducing the continuity of the reaction. Therefore, in practical applications, it is possible to consider deploying multiple sets of this device for synchronous operation. At the same time, the injection and filling systems and water storage systems of multiple sets of this device can be interconnected. According to the reaction progress of each mineralization reaction system, the valves can be adjusted to open and close the pipelines, thereby achieving gas and liquid circulation between multiple sets of this device, and realizing stable and efficient operation of the mineralization reaction cluster.

[0065] The smaller the particle size of recycled aggregate, the larger its specific surface area, the faster the penetration of reactants (gas and corresponding acid ions), and the higher the reaction efficiency. However, the smaller the particle size of recycled aggregate, the higher the corresponding pretreatment cost, the lower the apparent density, the greater the water absorption rate and crushing value, and the more easily it breaks when stirred in the reaction tank, resulting in poor liquid-solid separation and clogging of the filter device. Therefore, the recycled aggregate used in this device undergoes multi-stage crushing and grinding pretreatment, with the overall configuration area being rounded and regular, and the particle size is pre-screened to select 10-15mm (coarse aggregate).

[0066] Based on this device, the operation strategy of the mineralization reaction described in the present invention includes the following steps:

[0067] 1. Start the motor 3-2 to drive the multi-layer moving blade group 3 to rotate around the stirring shaft 3-1 through the stirring shaft 3-1, and at the same time, add the recycled aggregate from the feed port 1-1.

[0068] 2. Start the vacuum pump 1-9 and extract the air in the tank through the exhaust port 1-4 to make the pressure value below 1000Pa.

[0069] 3. Start the water pump 5-31 to actively let the water in the working water storage tank 6 flow into the mineralization reaction tank 1. At the same time, based on the negative pressure of the mineralization reaction tank 1, the water storage tank 6 injects water into the mineralization reaction tank 1 through the pipelines connected by the water pipe 6-1, the bypass pipe 6-2, the ejector 7, the heat exchange pipeline 8, the horizontal pipe 2-17, the radial connecting pipe 2-14, the parallel pipe 2-13, and the multi-channel circulation pipeline 2-11 until the liquid level in the mineralization reaction tank 1 reaches the set water level height (3 / 4 height of the tank body).

[0070] 4. Based on the water injection in step 3, the stop valve on the high-pressure CO2 filling pipe 10-1 is opened and CO2 is injected simultaneously (the ejector inlet pressure is about 5MPa). Part of the high-pressure CO2 gas quickly dissolves into the liquid water during the filling process and reacts with water to form carbonic acid. The remaining gas is injected into the mineralization reaction tank 1 and is gathered at the top of the tank due to buoyancy. It slowly dissolves at the gas-liquid interface and diffuses deep into the tank after dissolution.

[0071] During this process, high-pressure CO₂ gas is continuously injected, and the injection rate is adjusted based on the reaction progress within the mineralization reaction tank 1, namely, the pressure value displayed on the pressure gauge on the mineralization reaction tank 1. The drain ports 1-6 of the mineralization reaction tank 1 are simultaneously opened, and the water in the tank is first filtered by the filter device 4 before entering the gas-liquid separation device 5. The separated gas is connected to the throat 7-3 of the ejector 7 via the gas path 5-1, and the separated water is connected to the water storage tank 6 via the pumpless water path 5-2. During this process, the water in the water storage tank 6, the gas after gas-liquid separation, and the gas discharged from the air release valve 1-2 are sucked into the ejector 7 under the action of negative pressure, mixed with the injected high-pressure CO₂ gas, and then injected into the mineralization reaction tank 1 again.

[0072] During this process, the water pump power is determined based on the water circulation rate or simply shut down, allowing the entire device to enter a stable operating state. Before the gas-liquid mixture is injected into the reaction tank, it can exchange heat with the pulsating heat pipe 8-1 to maintain the gas-liquid temperature at 50°C. When the gas-liquid mixture absorbs heat, its pressure will further increase, and the jet turbidity effect will be stronger.

[0073] 5. After a period of filling (about 3 hours), high-pressure SO2 gas (injector inlet pressure is 2MPa) and O2 (injector inlet pressure is about 5MPa) are injected. The three gases converge in front of the inlet of the injector 7. The reaction progress is determined by the pressure value displayed on the pressure gauge on the mineralization reaction tank 1, and the inlet flow of the three gases is adjusted. The flow adjustment standard is: the flow of high-pressure CO2 and SO2 gases is adjusted according to the chemical reaction equation and the theoretical maximum carbon and sulfur fixation (carbon-sulfur ratio), and the flow of high-pressure O2 gas is determined according to the amount of SO2.

[0074] Among them, the actual filling amount of the three high-pressure gases is first calculated based on the theoretical maximum carbon and sulfur fixation of the recycled aggregate put into the mineralization reaction (unit: kg / t, the amount of carbon and sulfur that can be fixed per ton of recycled aggregate is approximately less than 70-110kg CO2 / t aggregate), and the calculated value is increased by 10% as the actual filling amount of the corresponding gas.

[0075] 6. After the mineralization reaction is basically stable (about 4 hours, which is manifested by the pressure value of the mineralization reaction tank 1 remaining stable when the high-pressure gas filling volume is small), the induced filling system, water storage system, and motor are turned off, and the auxiliary pump is turned on. At the same time, the residual pressure of the mineralization reaction tank 1 is used to quickly pressurize the water into the water storage tank 6.

[0076] 7. After the water in the mineralization reaction tank 1 is discharged, the exhaust valve 1-3 is opened to discharge the gas in the tank, and then the discharge port 1-5 is opened to discharge the regenerated aggregate after mineralization and strengthening. The circulating water volume during the operation of the reaction system is replenished from the outside to the water storage tank 6 according to the water level loss.

[0077] The principle of mineralization of carbon dioxide (CO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) to strengthen recycled aggregates based on the operation of this device:

[0078] CO2-enhanced recycled aggregate is based on CO2 mineralization and sequestration. CO2 reacts with calcium hydroxide and calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) in the cement paste attached to the aggregate surface to generate reaction products mainly composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and silica gel. The specific reaction equation is shown in formula (1). Calcium carbonate and silica gel fill the pores, making the structure of the recycled aggregate more compact, reducing porosity and water absorption, and thus improving the density and strength of the attached cement paste. Figure 9 shown.

[0079] Ca(OH)2(s)+CO2(g)→CaCO3(s)+H2O(l),

[0080] CSH(s)+CO2(g)→CaCO3(s)+SiO2·nH2O(s); (1)

[0081] At the same time, if the cement paste attached to the recycled aggregate contains unhydrated cement binder, the minerals in the cement binder can also react with CO2. The specific reaction equation is shown in formula (2):

[0082] 2CaO·SiO2(s)+2CO2(g)+nH2O(l)→2CaCO3(s)+SiO2·nH2O(s),

[0083] 3CaO·SiO2(s)+3CO2(g)+nH2O(l)→3CaCO3(s)+SiO2·nH2O(s); (2)

[0084] From a thermodynamic perspective, the standard Gibbs free energy of the reaction product, carbonate, is 0-180 kJ / mol lower than that of CO2. In other words, the reaction is a process from a high-energy state to a low-energy state, and the resulting carbonate is relatively stable. Therefore, theoretically, based on the reactions of formulas (1) and (2), CO2 can be converted into carbonate under natural conditions (high temperature, high pressure, and slow reaction), thereby achieving mineralization and storage, and will not decompose even after a long geological period. When the reaction temperature is less than 500K or at a higher reaction pressure, the mineralization reaction is thermodynamically feasible. From a kinetic perspective, CO2 mineralization and storage under natural conditions is an extremely slow process (100-1000 years), and the precipitation of alkaline earth metal ions and the diffusion rate of CO2 have a great influence on the rate of the mineralization reaction.

[0085] The chemical equilibrium constants, ΔGr and are all negative. The smaller T in formula (b), the larger the chemical equilibrium constant. Lower temperature is conducive to mineralization to form more stable calcite; appropriately increasing the temperature will promote the formation of Ca in silicate. 2+ The leaching and diffusion and penetration of CO2 (SO2) and its corresponding acid ions; as the temperature rises further, the solubility of CO2 in water decreases, resulting in a decrease in density and CO2 absorption.

[0086] In a traditional gas-solid mineralization reaction system, according to the relationship between the reaction equilibrium constant and temperature (g), excessively high temperatures can lead to a decrease in the equilibrium constant of the forward mineralization reaction, and even cause a reverse decomposition reaction, causing the generated calcium carbonate to decompose again. Furthermore, maintaining a high temperature results in significant heat loss from the walls of the mineralization reaction tank 1, and heating the room-temperature aggregate to a higher temperature increases energy consumption and reduces economic benefits. Therefore, the operating temperature of this device is controlled at approximately 50°C.

[0087] The content of CO2 in the atmosphere is about 0.04%, and the corresponding gas partial pressure is about 40Pa. The CO2 partial pressure in the mineralization reaction tank 1 of this device exceeds 0.3MPa, which is an order of magnitude difference of 10. 5 According to the relationship between the chemical equilibrium constant and pressure (h), the chemical equilibrium constant of the mineralization reaction will increase significantly, thereby effectively accelerating the reaction rate and reducing the reaction time of about 10 days to a few hours.

[0088] Table 2 Relationship between chemical equilibrium constant and chemical reaction conditions

[0089]

[0090] In formula (a), A and B are chemical reactants, C and D are chemical reaction products, and a, b, c, and d are the stoichiometric coefficients of the reactants and products. In formula (b), R is the gas constant, which is 8.314 J / (mol·K). C i are the concentrations of chemical reactants and products, is the standard Gibbs free energy, T is the reaction temperature, C i,std,state Standard concentration free energy; Q in formula (c) is the reaction quotient, is the standard free energy of the chemical reaction; in formula (e) is the standard enthalpy of the reaction, is the standard entropy; in formula (f) is the standard enthalpy change at 25°C, is the molar volume of the gas; in formula (g), T1 and T2 are both temperatures, K T1 and K T2 is the chemical equilibrium constant at the corresponding temperature; in formula (h), p1 and p2 are both pressures, K p1 and K p2is the chemical equilibrium constant at the corresponding temperature.

[0091] During the filling process, part of the high-pressure SO2 gas dissolves in water to form sulfurous acid. At the same time, part of the sulfurous acid is oxidized by the filled O2 to form sulfuric acid, and the remaining SO2 is injected into the mineralization reaction tank 1 in the form of gas. In the above step 5, after a period of filling (about 3 hours), the purpose of starting to fill with high-pressure SO2 gas is to allow the gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction system composed of recycled aggregate, liquid water, and high-pressure CO2 gas to undergo mineralization reaction for a period of time before filling with high-pressure SO2 gas, so that the SO2 in the tank It can react with recycled aggregates and also with calcium carbonate, the mineralization product of CO2. At the same time, sulfide will be oxidized to the highest valence. The final product is hydrated calcium sulfate (CaSO4·H2O), which is attached to / filled in the cracks and surface of the aggregate. The specific reaction equation is shown in formula (3).

[0092] Ca(OH)2(s)+SO2(g)→CaSO3(s)+H2O(l),

[0093] H2SO3(l)+CaCO3(s)→CaSO3(s)+H2O(l),

[0094] 2CaSO3(s)+O2(g)→2CaSO4(s); (3)

[0095] Since the entire device can be regarded as "only in but not out" during the reaction process, the gas pressure in the mineralization reaction tank 1 and the filling amounts of SO2, CO2 and O2 are measured after the CO2 / SO2 mineralization reaction is completed. The degree of mineralization reaction is estimated according to the Clapeyron gas equation (pV=nRT, n is the amount of gas substance), and then the carbon fixation and sulfur fixation filling amounts are determined.

[0096] Based on the above analysis, the mineralization reaction tank in this device is equivalent to placing the mineralization reaction in a more thorough water environment. During the operation of the device, the recycled aggregates are immersed in water, which can not only use buoyancy to reduce the energy consumption of the stirring reaction system, but also promote the Ca 2+ Mg 2+ , CO2 and SO2 diffusion, accelerate the mineralization reaction, relative to the existing mineralization rate; and the reaction can be carried out evenly on the aggregate surface, such as Figure 9 As shown in the figure, this device uses circulating water as a medium for heat and mass transfer. When the initial temperature of the reaction tank is low, it brings in external heat. After the reaction has proceeded for a period of time, it removes heat from the mineralization reaction tank to maintain the temperature of the reaction system. The circulating water entrains the gas and increases the gas-liquid contact area, accelerating the dissolution reaction of CO2, SO2, and O2.

Claims

1. A mineralization reaction device based on jet flow injection of CO2 / SO2, used for mineralization reaction of gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction system composed of recycled aggregate, liquid water and high-pressure gas, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mineralization reaction system, an ejection filling system, and a water storage system, wherein the mineralization reaction system comprises a mineralization reaction tank (1), the bottom of the mineralization reaction tank (1) is connected to the water storage system through a provided drain port (1-6), the water storage system is connected to the ejection filling system through a water pipeline, a multi-layer static blade group (2) is provided on the inner wall of the mineralization reaction tank (1), and a guide structure (2-1) is provided on the static blade for connecting the ejection filling system and the inner space of the mineralization reaction tank (1); the water storage system stores the water discharged from the mineralization reaction tank (1) and further provides a water source for the mineralization reaction tank (1) through the ejection filling system, and the ejection filling system is provided with a high-pressure gas filling pipe (10) externally connected to a high-pressure gas tank to provide high-pressure gas for the mineralization reaction tank (1); The flow guide structure (2-1) includes a multi-channel flow pipe (2-11) uniformly arranged inside each stationary blade, the outlet end of the multi-channel flow pipe (2-11), i.e., the jet port (2-12), facing the inside of the mineralization reaction tank (1), the inlet ends of the multi-channel flow pipe (2-11) are connected in parallel and connected to one end of a radial connecting pipe (2-14) penetrating the wall of the mineralization reaction tank (1); the other ends of the radial connecting pipes (2-14) corresponding to all the stationary blades are connected in parallel and connected to the ejection filling system through a horizontal pipe (2-17); in the longitudinal direction, the diameter of each layer of the multi-channel flow pipe (2-11) increases from top to bottom; The top of the mineralization reaction tank (1) is provided with a feed port (1-1) for placing solid recycled aggregate, a relief valve (1-2) for regulating the pressure in the tank, an exhaust port (1-4) for extracting the air in the tank, and an exhaust valve (1-3) for discharging the high-pressure gas in the tank after the device operation is completed; The high-pressure gas filling pipe (10) comprises a high-pressure CO2 filling pipe (10-1), a high-pressure SO2 filling pipe (10-2), and a high-pressure O2 filling pipe (10-3) connected in parallel to the air inlet end of the vortex pressure nozzle (9); the other ends of the high-pressure CO2 filling pipe (10-1), the high-pressure SO2 filling pipe (10-2), and the high-pressure O2 filling pipe (10-3) are respectively connected to corresponding high-pressure gas cylinders.

2. The mineralization reaction device based on jet flow injection of CO2 / SO2 according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mineralization reaction tank (1) also has a multi-layer moving blade group (3) suspended in the center of the tank via a stirring shaft (3-1); the other end of the stirring shaft (3-1) is connected to the output shaft of a motor (3-2) located at the center of the top of the mineralization reaction tank (1), and the surface of each moving blade is provided with a through hole larger than the particle size of the recycled aggregate.

3. The mineralization reaction device based on jet flow injection of CO2 / SO2 according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The stationary blades and moving blades in the multi-layer stationary blade group (2) and the multi-layer moving blade group (3) are inclined in the longitudinal direction along the flow direction of the reaction system, and the moving blades have a twisting design in the inclined direction, and the stationary blades are inclined in the transverse direction along the flow direction of the reaction system.

4. The mineralization reaction device based on jet flow injection of CO2 / SO2 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the mineralization reaction tank (1) is provided with a discharge port (1-5) for discharging the recycled aggregate after mineralization and strengthening, and a conical screen (1-7) for filtering the water body is provided between the discharge port (1-5) and the water outlet (1-6); the center of the screen (1-7) protrudes upward, the edge of the screen (1-7) is located at the bottom of the discharge port (1-5) and is in contact with the inner wall of the mineralization reaction tank (1), and the sieve holes on the screen (1-7) are smaller than the particle size of the recycled aggregate.

5. The mineralization reaction device based on jet flow injection of CO2 / SO2 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage system comprises a filter device (4) connected to a drain outlet (1-6); a water outlet end of the filter device (4) is connected to a gas-liquid separation device (5); a gas path (5-1) separated by the gas-liquid separation device (5) is connected to an ejection filling system; a water path separated by the gas-liquid separation device (5) comprises a pumpless water path (5-2) and an auxiliary water path (5-3) connected in parallel; the other ends of the pumpless water path (5-2) and the auxiliary water path (5-3) are connected to a water storage tank (6); and the water storage tank (6) is connected to the ejection filling system via a water delivery pipeline; wherein a water pump (5-31) is also provided on the auxiliary water path (5-3).

6. The mineralization reaction device based on jet flow injection of CO2 / SO2 according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ejector filling system comprises a heat exchange pipeline (8) connected to the flow guide structure (2-1), the other end of the heat exchange pipeline (8) being connected to the outlet (7-2) of the ejector (7), the inlet (7-1) of the ejector (7) being provided with a vortex pressure nozzle (9), and the vortex pressure nozzle (9) being connected to the high-pressure gas filling pipe 10; the throat (7-3) and the inlet (7-1) of the ejector (7) being connected to the water storage tank (6) through the water delivery pipe (6-1) and the bypass pipe (6-2); the throat (7-3) of the ejector (7) is also connected to the air path (5-1), and is connected to the air relief valve (1-2) through the air relief valve air path (1-21).

7. An operation control strategy for a mineralization reaction device based on injection of CO2 / SO2 according to claim 1, which is used to control the reaction of recycled aggregate, liquid water, high pressure CO 2、 The reaction process of the mineralization reaction of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction system composed of SO2 and O2 gases is characterized by: The method comprises arranging a pressure gauge on the top of the mineralization reaction tank (1), and arranging flow meters on the high-pressure CO2 filling pipe (10-1), the high-pressure SO2 filling pipe (10-2), and the high-pressure O2 filling pipe (10-3); Before the mineralization reaction, the air in the mineralization reaction tank (1) is extracted through the air extraction port (1-4) so ​​that the pressure value displayed on the pressure gauge is below the set value; During the mineralization reaction, water and high-pressure CO2 gas are first injected into the mineralization reaction tank (1) synchronously based on the water storage system and the injection filling system. The filling flow of the high-pressure CO2 gas is adjusted according to the pressure value displayed on the pressure gauge and the flow value displayed on the flow meter on the high-pressure CO2 filling pipe (10-1), and the pressure in the mineralization reaction tank (1) is stabilized within the set threshold range through the air release valve (1-2); after the mineralization reaction based on the high-pressure CO2 gas has been running for a period of time, high-pressure SO2 and O2 gases are synchronously injected, and the high-pressure CO2 is adjusted according to the pressure value displayed on the pressure gauge and the flow value displayed on each flow meter. 2、 The filling flow rate of SO2 and O2 gases.

8. The operation control strategy according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method for calculating the filling amount of the high-pressure gas is: first calculate the required amount of CO2, SO2 and O2 gases based on the theoretical maximum carbon and sulfur fixation of the recycled aggregate input into the mineralization reaction, and then increase the calculated value by 10% as the actual filling amount of the corresponding gas.

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