Vehicle clean air conditioning system and railway vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a vehicle clean air conditioning system, comprising an air conditioning unit, a supply air duct, a return air duct, a supply air purification and disinfection device and a waste exhaust purification and disinfection device; the air conditioning unit is internally provided with a fresh air primary filter and a mixed air medium filter; the supply air duct is connected with the air conditioning unit and has an independent operation area supply air cavity, and the operation area supply air cavity is provided with a supply air ceiling; the supply air purification and disinfection device is connected between the supply air duct and the air conditioning unit; the return air duct is arranged on a roof and connected with the mixed air medium filter, and the return air duct has a first return air grille arranged outside an operating room and a second return air grille arranged inside the operating room, wherein the second return air grille is communicated with the return air duct through an independent channel; the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device is arranged inside the operating room and connected with a waste exhaust cap arranged on the roof, and the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device is internally provided with a three-stage filter. The vehicle clean air conditioning system can improve the air cleanliness of a rail vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular relates to a vehicle clean air-conditioning system and a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As a mobile surgical rescue unit, surgical trains play a vital role in various emergency rescue operations. Currently, most surgical trains in my country are converted from ordinary trains and lack comprehensive medical equipment. While medical staff are on board, they are unable to provide treatment during the escort process and can only serve as a means of transporting the injured and sick. Research on specialized surgical trains and their clean air conditioning systems, transforming them into true "hospital trains," is of great significance for enhancing my country's medical support capabilities during emergency rescue, disease prevention, and disaster relief efforts.

[0003] The existing air-conditioning system of surgical trains is the same as that of ordinary trains. The air flow organization is not strictly upward and downward, and the air supply uniformity is poor, which cannot meet the comfort requirements of patients during surgery. There is also a lack of disinfection measures for the air in the carriage. Therefore, the air flow organization of the air-conditioning system and the cleanliness of the air in the carriage are difficult to meet medical and health standards. At present, trains that can achieve the Class III cleanliness standard for the air in the carriage are rare, but it is still far from the Class II cleanliness required by the operating room air quality standard. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle clean air conditioning system, which is intended to improve the air cleanliness of a rail vehicle, thereby meeting the functional requirements of setting up an operating room on the rail vehicle for emergency surgery.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: in the first aspect, a vehicle clean air conditioning system is provided, comprising an air conditioning unit, an air supply duct, a return air duct, an air supply purification and disinfection device, and an exhaust purification and disinfection device;

[0006] The air conditioning unit is installed on the roof, and is equipped with a fresh air primary filter and a mixed air medium efficiency filter;

[0007] The air supply duct is laid out on the roof and connected to the air conditioning unit. It has an independent air supply cavity for the operating area, and the air supply cavity for the operating area is equipped with an air supply ceiling.

[0008] The air supply purification and disinfection device is connected between the air supply duct and the air conditioning unit;

[0009] The return air duct is arranged on the roof and connected to the mixed air medium efficiency filter. The return air duct has a first return air grille arranged outside the operating room and a second return air grille arranged inside the operating room, wherein the second return air grille is connected to the return air duct through an independent channel;

[0010] The waste exhaust purification and disinfection device is installed in the operating room and is connected to the waste exhaust hood installed on the roof. The waste exhaust purification and disinfection device is equipped with a three-stage filter.

[0011] In a possible implementation, a return air medium efficiency filter is provided on the second return air grille.

[0012] In some embodiments, the air supply purification and disinfection device includes an air supply shell, and a first ultraviolet lamp, an air supply high-efficiency filter, a first photocatalyst net, and a first pressure differential switch arranged inside the air supply shell; wherein, the two opposite sides of the air supply shell respectively form an air inlet surface and an air outlet surface, the air inlet surface is connected to the air-conditioning unit, and the air outlet surface is connected to the air supply duct; the first photocatalyst net is arranged close to the air inlet surface, and the air supply high-efficiency filter is arranged close to the air outlet surface, and a first air cavity is formed between the first photocatalyst net and the air supply high-efficiency filter, and the first ultraviolet lamp and the first pressure differential switch are both arranged in the first air cavity.

[0013] Exemplarily, the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device includes a waste exhaust shell, and a waste exhaust fan, a second ultraviolet lamp, a second photocatalyst net, a second pressure differential switch and a three-stage filter arranged in the waste exhaust shell; wherein, an air inlet is provided at the top of the waste exhaust shell, and the three-stage filter includes a waste exhaust primary filter, a waste exhaust medium filter and a waste exhaust high efficiency filter arranged in sequence from top to bottom near the air inlet; the second photocatalyst net is located below the waste exhaust high efficiency filter and forms a second air cavity between the waste exhaust high efficiency filter, the second ultraviolet lamp and the second pressure differential switch are arranged in the second air cavity, and the waste exhaust fan is connected to the waste exhaust cap and is used to suck the exhaust gas from the second air cavity to the waste exhaust cap.

[0014] For example, the air supply duct includes a first air supply section and a second air supply section; wherein, the first air supply section is divided into two chambers, one of which corresponds to the internal area of ​​the operating room to form an operating area air supply chamber, and the other chamber corresponds to the corridor outside the operating room to form a corridor air supply chamber, and the corridor air supply chamber has a first air supply grille; the second air supply section has a dynamic pressure chamber located in the middle and two static pressure chambers located on both sides of the dynamic pressure chamber, and the static pressure chamber is provided with a second air supply grille.

[0015] Exemplarily, a double-layer partition wall air cavity is provided between the operating room and the corridor, and the double-layer partition wall air cavity is connected to the return air duct to form an independent channel; the second return air grille is provided at the bottom of the cavity wall of the double-layer partition wall air cavity.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the air-conditioning unit includes a main unit, a fresh air primary filter connected to the air outlet end of the main unit, a mixed air medium efficiency filter connected to the fresh air primary filter and connected to the return air duct, a tubular heater connected to the air outlet end of the mixed air medium efficiency filter, and an air supply fan connected to the air supply duct, the air supply fan being used to blow air filtered by the fresh air primary filter and the mixed air medium efficiency filter and heated by the tubular heater into the air supply duct.

[0017] In some embodiments, a strip heater is integrated on the side wall outside the operating room, and a carbon fiber film heater is integrated on the side wall inside the operating room; wherein, a fresh air temperature sensor is provided at the main air inlet end of the air-conditioning unit, a return air temperature sensor is provided at the connection point between the return air duct and the mixed air medium efficiency filter, and an operating area temperature sensor and a thermostat are provided in the operating room.

[0018] For example, the operating room has a door opening and closing and surgery status monitoring device, which is electrically connected to the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device; wherein, when the door opening and closing and surgery status monitoring device determines that the operating room is in an open door state, the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device stops working; when the door opening and closing and surgery status monitoring device determines that the operating room is in a closed door state and the operation is in progress, the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device starts working.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the vehicle clean air-conditioning system provided by the present invention are as follows: compared with the prior art, the vehicle clean air-conditioning system of the present invention, the fresh air enters the air-conditioning unit and passes through the fresh air primary filter and is mixed with the return air sent back to the air-conditioning unit through the return air duct and then passes through the mixed air medium efficiency filter for medium efficiency filtration, and then passes through the air supply purification and disinfection device for high-efficiency filtration and disinfection before entering the air supply duct and being transported to the vehicle, thereby ensuring that the fresh air entering any position of the car can be disinfected, and comprehensively improving the air cleanliness inside the car; an independent operating area air supply cavity is set in the air supply duct corresponding to the position of the operating room, and air is supplied to the operating room through the air supply ceiling, and at the same time, the return air in the operating room enters the independent channel through the second return air grille and then merges into the return air duct, which is independent of the return air route outside the operating room that directly enters the return air duct from the first return air grille It can not only avoid the contact and mixing of air inside and outside the operating room, but also ensure that the fresh air entering the operating room reaches the Class II purification standard after being filtered through primary, medium and high efficiency levels as well as the filtration of the air supply ceiling. In addition, the use of the air supply ceiling to supply air to the operating room can also improve the uniformity of the air supply in the operating room, thereby meeting the air supply comfort requirements in the operating room. A waste exhaust disinfection device is set up in the operating room, and the three-stage filter inside the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device can filter the bacterial gas, odorous exhaust gas, etc. in the operating room, and disinfect the pathogens in the process of passing through the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device. Finally, the waste exhaust cap discharges the disinfected air to the outside, thereby avoiding the transmission of the source of infection of pathogens in the operating room to the car or outside the car, thereby meeting the functional needs of setting up an operating room on a rail vehicle for emergency surgery.

[0020] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a rail vehicle, comprising the above-mentioned vehicle clean air conditioning system.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the rail vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned vehicle clean air-conditioning system, which can not only avoid the contact and mixing of air inside and outside the operating room, and ensure that the fresh air entering the operating room reaches the level II purification standard after three-stage filtration of primary, medium and high efficiency and filtration of the air supply ceiling, but also use the air supply ceiling to supply air to the operating room. It can also improve the uniformity of the air supply in the operating room, thereby meeting the air supply comfort requirements in the operating room; in addition, the three-stage filter inside the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device can filter the bacterial gas, odorous exhaust gas, etc. in the operating room, and disinfect bacteria in the process of passing through the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device, and finally the waste exhaust cap discharges the disinfected air to the outside, thereby avoiding the transmission of the source of infection of bacteria in the operating room to the car or outside the car, thereby meeting the functional requirements of setting up an operating room on a rail vehicle for emergency surgery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the main structure of a vehicle clean air conditioning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic top view of the vehicle clean air conditioning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a vehicle clean air conditioning system in an operating room provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 The vehicle clean air conditioning system provided by the embodiment of the present invention ( Figure 1 Schematic diagram of airflow (perspective);

[0026] Figure 5 The vehicle clean air conditioning system provided by the embodiment of the present invention ( Figure 2 Schematic diagram of airflow (perspective);

[0027] Figure 6 The vehicle clean air conditioning system provided by the embodiment of the present invention ( Figure 3 Schematic diagram of airflow (perspective);

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the air supply purification and disinfection device used in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional view of the waste purification and disinfection device used in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of an air-conditioning unit used in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10This is a schematic side structural diagram of the air supply duct used in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 10, air conditioning unit; 11, fresh air primary filter; 12, mixed air medium efficiency filter; 13, main unit; 14, tubular heater; 15, air supply fan; 16, fresh air temperature sensor; 20, air supply duct; 200, air supply ceiling; 21, first air supply section; 211, operating area air supply cavity; 212, corridor air supply cavity; 213, first air supply grille; 22, second air supply section; 221, dynamic pressure cavity; 222, static pressure cavity; 223, second air supply grille; 23, air outlet grille; 30, return air duct; 31, first return air grille; 32, second return air grille; 321, return air medium efficiency filter; 33, independent channel; 34, return air temperature sensor; 40, Air supply purification and disinfection device; 41. Air supply housing; 411. Air inlet surface; 412. Air outlet surface; 42. First ultraviolet lamp; 43. Air supply high-efficiency filter; 44. First photocatalyst net; 45. First pressure difference switch; 46. First air cavity; 50. Waste exhaust purification and disinfection device; 51. Waste exhaust housing; 511. Air inlet; 52. Waste exhaust fan; 53. Second ultraviolet lamp; 54. Second photocatalyst net; 55. Second pressure difference switch; 56. Waste exhaust primary filter; 57. Waste exhaust medium-efficiency filter; 58. Waste exhaust high-efficiency filter; 59. Second air cavity; 60. Waste exhaust cap; 70. Strip heater; 80. Carbon fiber film heater; 81. Operating area temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" or "connected to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. It should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, "multiple" and "several" mean two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0035] Please also refer to Figures 1 to 10 The vehicle clean air conditioning system provided by the present invention is now described. The vehicle clean air conditioning system includes an air conditioning unit 10, an air supply duct 20, a return air duct 30, an air supply purification and disinfection device 40, and an exhaust purification and disinfection device 50.

[0036] The air conditioning unit 10 is installed on the roof of the vehicle, and is provided with a fresh air primary filter 11 and a mixed air medium filter 12 inside.

[0037] Specifically, the air-conditioning unit 10 is arranged at one end of the roof of the vehicle, and the end has an air outlet for the introduction of fresh air from the outside. The fresh air primary filter 11 is connected to the fresh air outlet side of the air-conditioning unit 10. The fresh air entering the air-conditioning unit 10 first needs to be filtered through the primary filter; the middle section of the air-conditioning unit 10 is a mixing area for fresh air and return air, and a mixed air medium efficiency filter 12 is arranged in this area, so that the fresh air passing through the primary filter and the return air from the return air duct 30 are mixed in the mixing area and then enter the mixed air medium efficiency filter 12 for medium efficiency filtration.

[0038] The air supply duct 20 is arranged on the roof and connected to the air conditioning unit 10 , and has an independent operating area air supply cavity 211 , and the operating area air supply cavity 211 is provided with an air supply ceiling 200 .

[0039] The air supply duct 20 is a flat air duct arranged along the length direction of the car. One end extends to the air-conditioning unit 10 and is connected to the air outlet of the air-conditioning unit 10 through a soft air duct, and the other end extends to the other end of the car. In this way, the air outlet can be flexibly arranged at any position in the car to deliver fresh air into the car. On this basis, considering the ventilation needs in the connecting channel between the cars of the rail vehicle, the two ends of the air supply duct 20 can be extended to the connecting channel through connecting soft air ducts and an air outlet grille 23 can be set.

[0040] It should be noted that the ventilation ceiling 200 in this embodiment is specifically designed for the medical and health care industry. Its interlayer is a static pressure air chamber, and its terminal end is a leak-proof layer with a flow-equalizing membrane and a filter membrane. It performs the triple functions of filtering, leak prevention, and airflow distribution, thereby ensuring uniform and gentle airflow entering the operating room. This airflow, after further filtration, meets Class II cleanliness requirements. Specifically, the number of ventilation ceilings 200 is determined based on the number of operating beds in the operating room, ensuring that each operating bed has a ventilation ceiling 200 directly above it, ensuring comfortable fresh air flow for each operating bed during surgery.

[0041] The air purification and disinfection device 40 is connected between the air supply duct 20 and the air conditioning unit 10. The air supply duct 20 is connected to the air outlet of the air conditioning unit 10 by a soft air duct, so that the air supply purification and disinfection device 40 can be connected to the soft air duct. The air after passing through the fresh air primary filter 11 and the mixed air medium efficiency filter 12 needs to be further filtered and digested by the air supply purification and disinfection device 40 before entering the air supply duct 20, thereby making it possible to filter 99.995% of the particles above 0.5μm in the fresh air entering the air supply duct 20. At the same time, 90% of the bacteria and viruses in the fresh air are disinfected in the process of passing through the air supply purification and disinfection device 40, thereby improving the cleanliness of the air supply (including fresh air and part of the return air) entering the external area of ​​the operating room. On this basis, the air supply ceiling 200 is used to further filter the fresh air after the primary, secondary and high level filtration and disinfection, so that the air supply entering the operating room from the independent operating area air supply cavity 211 reaches the Class II cleanliness standard.

[0042] The return air duct 30 is arranged on the roof and connected to the mixed air medium efficiency filter 12. The return air duct 30 has a first return air grille 31 arranged outside the operating room, and a second return air grille 32 arranged inside the operating room, wherein the second return air grille 32 is connected to the return air duct 30 through an independent channel 33.

[0043] Specifically, the area outside the operating room includes the regular seating area and corridor area of ​​the carriage. A first return air grille 31 is set on the roof of these areas to directly connect with the return air duct 30. Thus, the return air from the area outside the operating room directly enters the return air duct 30 through each first return air grille 31 and then returns to the air-conditioning unit 10; the interior of the operating room includes the surgical operation area and the auxiliary area. Here, it is preferred to set the second return air grille 32 at the bottom of the side wall in the operating room, and it can be set horizontally in a row, thereby forming an air supply ceiling 200 in the operating room to supply air from the top, and the second return air grille 32 is organized in the form of laminar airflow of the return air from the bottom, thereby forming a slight positive pressure in the operating room, improving the air circulation efficiency in the operating room, and avoiding the occurrence of return air dead corners that affect the overall cleanliness index of the indoor air.

[0044] Since the return air in the operating room enters the return air duct 30 through the independent channel 33, the return air from inside and outside the operating room can be prevented from mixing before entering the return air duct 30, thereby preventing the pathogens and odors mixed in the return air from the operating room from entering the compartment space outside the operating room; on this basis, see Figure 3 and Figure 6 The second return air grille 32 is provided with a return air medium efficiency filter 321. The return air medium efficiency filter 321 can effectively filter out pathogenic particles contained in the return air from the operating room, thereby improving the cleanliness of the return air from the operating room entering the air conditioning unit 10, preventing pathogenic particles from entering the air conditioning unit 10 and causing mixed air contamination, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the air circulation of the air conditioning unit 10 and improving the overall air quality in the vehicle compartment.

[0045] The waste exhaust purification and disinfection device 50 is arranged in the operating room and is connected to the waste exhaust hood 60 arranged on the roof. A three-stage filter is provided in the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device 50.

[0046] Here, not only in the operating room, but also in the toilet, disinfection cabinet and other areas, a waste exhaust purification and disinfection device 50 should be installed respectively. The anesthetic gas in the operating room, the odor of the toilet and the disinfection cabinet are all filtered and disinfected by the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device 50, so that the waste gas meets the emptying standard, and then is discharged into the waste exhaust hood 60 through the soft air duct, and the waste exhaust hood 60 is used to discharge the waste gas for treatment; it should be noted that in this embodiment, a check valve is provided in the soft air duct used to connect the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device 50 and the waste exhaust hood 60, and the check valve is used to prevent the unpurified air outside the vehicle from flowing back into the vehicle, especially the operating room.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the vehicle clean air conditioning system provided by this embodiment has the following advantages. Fresh air enters the air conditioning unit 10 and passes through the fresh air primary filter 11. After being mixed with the return air sent back to the air conditioning unit 10 through the return air duct 30, it is filtered through the mixed air medium efficiency filter 12 for medium efficiency filtration. Then, it passes through the air purification and disinfection device 40 for high-efficiency filtration and disinfection before entering the air supply duct 20 and being transported to the vehicle, thereby ensuring that the air entering any position in the car can be disinfected, and comprehensively improving the air cleanliness inside the car; an independent operating area air supply chamber 211 is set in the air supply duct 20 corresponding to the position of the operating room, and air is supplied to the operating room through the air supply ceiling 20. At the same time, the return air in the operating room enters the independent channel 33 through the second return air grille 32 and then merges into the return air duct 30, which is consistent with the return air route outside the operating room that directly enters the return air duct 30 from the first return air grille 31 Independence can not only avoid the contact and mixing of air inside and outside the operating room, but also ensure that the fresh air entering the operating room reaches the Class II purification standard after being filtered through the primary, medium and high efficiency three-stage filtration and the filtration of the air supply ceiling 200. In addition, the use of the air supply ceiling 200 to supply air to the operating room can also improve the uniformity of the air supply in the operating room, thereby meeting the air supply comfort requirements in the operating room; a waste exhaust disinfection device is set up in the operating room, and the three-stage filter inside the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device 50 can filter the bacterial gas, odorous exhaust gas, etc. in the operating room, and disinfect the bacteria in the process of passing through the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device 50, and finally the waste exhaust cap 60 discharges the disinfected air to the outside, thereby avoiding the transmission of the infectious source of bacteria in the operating room to the car or outside the car, thereby meeting the functional needs of setting up an operating room on a rail vehicle for emergency surgery.

[0048] As a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned air supply purification and disinfection device 40, please refer to Figure 7The air supply purification and disinfection device 40 includes an air supply shell 41, and a first ultraviolet lamp 42, an air supply high-efficiency filter 43, a first photocatalyst net 44, and a first differential pressure switch 45 arranged inside the air supply shell 41; wherein, the two opposite side surfaces of the air supply shell 41 respectively form an air inlet surface 411 and an air outlet surface 412, the air inlet surface 411 is connected to the air-conditioning unit 10, and the air outlet surface 412 is connected to the air supply duct 20; the first photocatalyst net 44 is arranged close to the air inlet surface 411, and the air supply high-efficiency filter 43 is arranged close to the air outlet surface 412, and a first air cavity 46 is formed between the first photocatalyst net 44 and the air supply high-efficiency filter 43, and the first ultraviolet lamp 42 and the first differential pressure switch 45 are both arranged in the first air cavity 46.

[0049] Specifically, the above-mentioned first photocatalyst net 44 is a TiO2 / MnO2 photocatalyst net, and the air supply high-efficiency filter 43 is an H13-level high-efficiency filter. At the same time, in order to save space and ensure the wind speed on the filtering surface, the air supply high-efficiency filter 43 adopts a multi-layer V-shaped structure and is sealed with the air supply shell 41 with a sealing strip to prevent unpurified air from entering the vehicle.

[0050] Air treated by the fresh air primary filter 11 and the mixed air intermediate filter 12 enters the air supply housing 41 through the air inlet surface 411. It first passes through the first photocatalyst net 44 to remove harmful gases and odors such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, aldehydes, and benzene from the air before entering the first air cavity 46. Within the first air cavity 46, it is irradiated by the first ultraviolet lamp 42 to disinfect bacteria and viruses. The air then enters the air supply high-efficiency filter 43 for further filtration before entering the air supply duct 20. This ensures that the air passing through the air supply purification and disinfection device 40 undergoes both high-efficiency filtration and germ-disinfecting treatment, thereby improving the cleanliness of the air entering the vehicle.

[0051] On the basis of the above, the first pressure difference switch 45 is used to detect the pressure difference on both sides of the air supply high-efficiency filter 43 in real time, thereby judging the resistance of air passing through the air supply high-efficiency filter 43. When the resistance is greater than 1.5 times the initial resistance, the pressure difference switch is triggered to issue an early warning, thereby prompting the air supply high-efficiency filter 43 to be dirty and blocked and need to be replaced in time, avoiding the situation where the air supply high-efficiency filter 43 is dirty and blocked due to untimely manual inspection, affecting the air supply volume and air cleanliness.

[0052] As a specific embodiment of the waste purification and disinfection device 50, please refer to Figure 8The waste exhaust purification and disinfection device 50 includes a waste exhaust shell 51, and a waste exhaust fan 52, a second ultraviolet lamp 53, a second photocatalyst net 54, a second pressure differential switch 55 and a three-stage filter arranged in the waste exhaust shell 51; wherein, an air inlet 511 is provided at the top of the waste exhaust shell 51, and the three-stage filter includes a waste exhaust primary filter 56, a waste exhaust medium efficiency filter 57, and a waste exhaust high efficiency filter 58 arranged in sequence from top to bottom near the air inlet 511; the second photocatalyst net 54 is located below the waste exhaust high efficiency filter 58 and forms a second air cavity 59 between the waste exhaust high efficiency filter 58, the second ultraviolet lamp 53 and the second pressure differential switch 55 are arranged in the second air cavity 59, and the waste exhaust fan 52 is connected to the waste exhaust cap 60 and is used to suck the exhaust gas from the second air cavity 59 to the waste exhaust cap 60.

[0053] Specifically, the above-mentioned second photocatalyst net 54 is a TiO2 / MnO2 photocatalyst net, the second ultraviolet lamp 53 is a 254nm ultraviolet lamp, and the exhaust fan 52 is an EC fan capable of stepless speed regulation. The anesthetic gas in the operating room, the exhaust gas from the toilet and the disinfection cabinet first pass through the air inlet 511 at the top of the exhaust shell 51 and pass through the three-stage filtration of the exhaust primary filter 56, the exhaust medium efficiency filter 57, and the exhaust high efficiency filter 58 before entering the second air cavity 59. After being disinfected and sterilized by the second ultraviolet lamp 53 in the second air cavity 59, it passes through the second photocatalyst net 54. The second photocatalyst net 54 is used to filter out harmful gases and odors such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, aldehydes, and benzene, and then discharged into the exhaust cap 60 by the exhaust fan 52, thereby ensuring that the exhaust air meets the emission standard requirements.

[0054] The above-mentioned second pressure differential switch 55 is used to detect the pressure difference on both sides of the waste exhaust high-efficiency filter 58, and judge the resistance of air passing through the waste exhaust high-efficiency filter 58 based on the pressure difference. When the resistance is higher than 1.5 times the initial resistance, the second pressure differential switch 55 is triggered to issue an early warning, thereby prompting the waste exhaust high-efficiency filter 58 to be dirty and blocked and need to be replaced in time, avoiding the situation where the waste exhaust high-efficiency filter 58 is dirty and blocked due to untimely manual inspection, affecting the waste exhaust efficiency and the cleanliness of the air discharged.

[0055] For some possible implementations, see Figures 1 to 6 and Figure 10 The air supply duct 20 includes a first air supply section 21 and a second air supply section 22; wherein, the first air supply section 21 is divided into two chambers, one of which corresponds to the internal area of ​​the operating room and forms an operating area air supply chamber 211, and the other chamber corresponds to the corridor outside the operating room and forms a corridor air supply chamber 212, and the corridor air supply chamber 212 has a first air supply grille 213; the second air supply section 22 has a dynamic pressure chamber 221 located in the middle and two static pressure chambers 222 located on both sides of the dynamic pressure chamber 221, and the static pressure chamber 222 is provided with a second air supply grille 223.

[0056] Specifically, the air supply duct 20 can be a flat tube directly laid flat on the roof of the vehicle, or it can be laid on the top of the inner wall of the vehicle. Under normal circumstances, the internal air cleanliness requirement of the operating room is higher than the external air cleanliness. Therefore, the operating room can be set close to the front end of the air supply duct 20, which is conducive to allowing the air in the air supply duct 20 to enter the operating area air supply chamber 211 first, and then enter the operating room through the air supply ceiling 200. The corridor on the side of the operating room is supplied with air through the first air supply grille 213 set on the corridor air supply chamber 212. At the same time, part of the fresh air passes through the first air supply section 21 (specifically, passes through the corridor air supply chamber 212) and reaches the second air supply section 22, specifically entering the dynamic pressure chamber 221, and then is diverted by the dynamic pressure chamber 221 to two static pressure chambers 222, and then the second air supply grille 223 connected to the static pressure chamber 222 is used to stably supply air to the external area of ​​the operating room.

[0057] It should be noted that if Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, a double-layer partition wall air cavity is provided between the operating room and the corridor. The double-layer partition wall air cavity is connected to the return air duct 30 to form an independent channel 33. A second return air grille 32 is provided at the bottom of the double-layer partition wall air cavity. The double-layer partition wall air cavity is used as a partition wall between the operating room and the corridor. At the same time, the second return air grille 32 can be directly embedded in the bottom wall of the double-layer partition wall air cavity to form an air circulation system with air entering from above and exiting from below. This not only facilitates the removal and cleaning of the second return air grille 32, improving the air quality in the operating room, but also enhances the double-layer sound insulation between the operating room and the corridor, thereby improving the quietness within the operating room. At the same time, the use of the double-layer partition wall air cavity structure to form an independent channel 33 saves space and facilitates the overall installation and layout of the return air duct 30.

[0058] Figure 9 The figure shows a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned air-conditioning unit 10, which includes a main unit 13, a fresh air primary filter 11 connected to the air outlet end of the main unit 13, a mixed air medium efficiency filter 12 connected to the fresh air primary filter 11 and connected to the return air duct 30, a tubular heater 14 connected to the air outlet end of the mixed air medium efficiency filter 12, and an air supply fan 15 connected to the air supply duct 20. The air supply fan 15 is used to blow air filtered by the fresh air primary filter 11 and the mixed air medium efficiency filter 12 and heated by the tubular heater 14 to the air supply duct 20.

[0059] The material selection and performance of all components of the air-conditioning unit 10 meet the low-temperature working requirements of -45 degrees Celsius, and adopt F-class or above insulation grade. The dielectric strength, creepage distance and electrical clearance, and the surface temperature of the tubular heater 14 all meet the environmental requirements of an altitude of more than 5,000 meters. Specifically, the total air supply volume of the air-conditioning unit 10 is 4000m 3 / h, maximum fresh air volume 1000m 3 / h, maximum exhaust air volume 750m 3 / h (can be adjusted according to the fresh air volume and the air pressure in the car), the air exchange rate in the operating room is 37.6 times / h.

[0060] The main unit 13 adopts a variable frequency compressor, and the cooling capacity can be adjusted by adjusting the frequency of the compressor through the stepless speed regulation switch set inside and outside the operating room. At the same time, a light-weight, small-sized, low-noise, and steplessly adjustable EC fan is used as the air supply fan 15, which can not only meet the personalized adjustment needs of temperature, noise, and wind speed of patients or medical staff in the operating room, but also ensure positive pressure in the operating room through EC fan speed regulation. There is no need to set an air volume adjustment vent, thereby eliminating the damper structure inside the air supply duct 20, which is conducive to reducing dust accumulation and bacterial growth in the air duct; based on the fresh air primary filter 11 and mixed air medium efficiency filter 12 set in the air-conditioning unit 10, the external static pressure of the air supply fan 15 can be as high as 760Pa, which can be more than twice that of ordinary train air conditioning, thereby ensuring sufficient air supply in the car, especially to meet the operation needs of high-altitude areas.

[0061] Optionally, in this embodiment, a strip heater 70 is integrated on the side wall outside the operating room, and a carbon fiber film heater 80 is integrated on the side wall inside the operating room; wherein, a fresh air temperature sensor 16 is provided at the air inlet end of the main unit 13 of the air-conditioning unit 10, a return air temperature sensor 34 is provided at the connection position between the return air duct 30 and the mixed air medium efficiency filter 12, and an operating area temperature sensor 81 and a temperature controller are provided in the operating room.

[0062] Taking into account the operating environment of the surgical train in the high-altitude cold zone of minus 45 degrees Celsius and the plateau zone with an altitude of more than 5,000 meters, an 18-kilowatt tubular heater 14 is used inside the air-conditioning unit 10, and a strip heater 70 is used in the area outside the operating room, thereby improving the dielectric strength performance and optimizing the electric heating section, which can not only reduce the electric heating power consumption per unit length, but also avoid the problem of overheating of the surface of the strip heater 70 under the thin air conditions of the plateau; the fresh air temperature sensor 16 can be used to detect the inlet air temperature of the air-conditioning unit 10, that is, the outside air temperature, so as to control the air-conditioning unit 10 to start cooling or heating in a targeted manner, and at the same time cooperate with the return The air temperature sensor 34 detects the return air temperature and determines the air temperature in the vehicle, thereby controlling the air conditioning unit 10 to start the corresponding cooling or heating level, thereby realizing automatic control of the air conditioning unit 10; considering that the operating room has separate air supply and return air, the operating room can perform separate temperature control, so an operating area temperature sensor 81 and a thermostat are set in the operating room, so that patients or medical staff can flexibly adjust the target temperature through the thermostat according to their needs in the operating room, and the air conditioning unit 10 is turned on to the corresponding cooling or heating level through the detection of the operating area temperature sensor 81, thereby ensuring that the temperature conditions in the operating room are appropriate.

[0063] In order to ensure the uniformity of the air flow field in the operating room in winter, it is necessary to install an electric heating auxiliary air-conditioning unit 10 in the operating room to avoid the situation in high-altitude cold areas where the temperature in the operating room cannot meet the requirements due to insufficient heating of the air-conditioning unit 10. Since the air inlet and outlet of traditional electric heaters generally leak out, they are easy to accumulate dust, and dust is easily raised during the convection heat transfer process, increasing the probability of microbial transmission. In this embodiment, a carbon fiber film heater 80 with a capacity of about 2.7kW is integrated into the side wall panels in the operating room. Different from the convection heat transfer method of traditional electric heating, the carbon fiber film heater 80 mainly transfers heat through far-infrared radiation and has no external ventilation holes, thereby avoiding dust accumulation and blowing, and thus avoiding secondary pollution of the indoor air.

[0064] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the operating room has a door opening and closing and operation status monitoring device, and the door opening and closing and operation status monitoring device are electrically connected to the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device 50; wherein, when the door opening and closing and operation status monitoring device determines that the operating room is in the open door state, the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device 50 stops working, and when the door opening and closing and operation status monitoring device determines that the operating room is in the closed door state and the operation is in progress, the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device 50 starts working.

[0065] The surgical status monitoring device may specifically include a contact switch for monitoring the door switch status, and a signal light for displaying the surgical status (medical staff turn on the signal light when performing surgery). When the operating room door is opened, the surgical status monitoring device is triggered to control the waste purification and disinfection device 50 to automatically shut down. On the one hand, it can reduce energy consumption, and on the other hand, it can prevent the waste purification and disinfection device 50 from working and forming a negative pressure in the operating room, causing air outside the operating room whose cleanliness does not meet the surgical requirements to infiltrate the operating room, thereby affecting the air cleanliness standard in the operating room; when the operating room door is closed and surgery is being performed, at this time, since anesthetic gas, medicine odor, etc. will be generated during the operation, the waste purification and disinfection device 50 automatically starts working to ensure that the bad air in the operating room can be disinfected, filtered and emptied in time, thereby ensuring the air cleanliness in the operating room and avoiding respiratory discomfort for patients and medical staff during surgery.

[0066] Based on the same inventive concept, combined Figures 1 to 10 It is understood that an embodiment of the present application also provides a rail vehicle, including the above-mentioned vehicle clean air conditioning system.

[0067] Compared with the prior art, the rail vehicle provided by this embodiment adopts the above-mentioned vehicle clean air-conditioning system, which can not only avoid the contact and mixing of air inside and outside the operating room, and ensure that the fresh air entering the operating room reaches the level II purification standard after the three-stage filtration of primary, medium and high efficiency and the filtration of the air supply ceiling 200, but also use the air supply ceiling 200 to supply air to the operating room, which can also improve the uniformity of the air supply in the operating room, thereby meeting the air supply comfort requirements in the operating room; in addition, the three-stage filter inside the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device 50 can be used to filter the bacterial gas, odorous exhaust gas, etc. in the operating room, and the pathogens are disinfected in the process of passing through the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device 50, and finally the disinfected air is discharged by the waste exhaust cap 60, thereby avoiding the transmission of the infectious source of pathogens in the operating room to the car or outside the car, thereby meeting the functional requirements of setting up an operating room on a rail vehicle for emergency surgery.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Vehicle clean air conditioning system, characterized in that: Including air conditioning units, air supply ducts, return air ducts, air supply purification and disinfection devices, and waste exhaust purification and disinfection devices; The air conditioning unit is installed on the roof of the vehicle and is internally provided with a fresh air primary filter and a mixed air medium efficiency filter; The air supply duct is arranged on the roof and connected to the air conditioning unit, and has an independent operating area air supply cavity, and the operating area air supply cavity is provided with an air supply ceiling; The air supply purification and disinfection device is connected between the air supply duct and the air conditioning unit; The return air duct is arranged on the roof and connected to the mixed air medium efficiency filter, and the return air duct has a first return air grille arranged outside the operating room and a second return air grille arranged inside the operating room, wherein the second return air grille is connected to the return air duct through an independent channel; The waste exhaust purification and disinfection device is arranged in the operating room and is connected to the waste exhaust hood arranged on the roof. The waste exhaust purification and disinfection device is provided with a three-stage filter; Wherein, the air conditioning unit includes a host, the fresh air primary filter connected to the air outlet end of the host, the mixed air medium efficiency filter connected to the fresh air primary filter and communicated with the return air duct, a tubular heater connected to the air outlet end of the mixed air medium efficiency filter, and an air supply fan connected to the air supply duct, the air supply fan is used to blow air filtered by the fresh air primary filter and the mixed air medium efficiency filter and heated by the tubular heater into the air supply duct; A strip heater is integrated on the side wall outside the operating room, and a carbon fiber film heater is integrated on the side wall inside the operating room; wherein, a fresh air temperature sensor is provided at the main air inlet end of the air-conditioning unit, a return air temperature sensor is provided at the location where the return air duct is connected to the mixed air medium efficiency filter, and an operating area temperature sensor and a thermostat are provided in the operating room.

2. The vehicle clean air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second return air grille is provided with a return air medium efficiency filter.

3. The vehicle clean air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply purification and disinfection device includes an air supply shell, and a first ultraviolet lamp, an air supply high-efficiency filter, a first photocatalyst net, and a first pressure differential switch arranged inside the air supply shell; wherein, the two opposite side surfaces of the air supply shell respectively form an air inlet surface and an air outlet surface, the air inlet surface is connected to the air-conditioning unit, and the air outlet surface is connected to the air supply duct; the first photocatalyst net is arranged close to the air inlet surface, and the air supply high-efficiency filter is arranged close to the air outlet surface, and a first air cavity is formed between the first photocatalyst net and the air supply high-efficiency filter, and the first ultraviolet lamp and the first pressure differential switch are both arranged in the first air cavity.

4. The vehicle clean air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste exhaust purification and disinfection device includes a waste exhaust shell, and a waste exhaust fan, a second ultraviolet lamp, a second photocatalyst net, a second pressure differential switch and the three-stage filter arranged in the waste exhaust shell; wherein, an air inlet is provided on the top of the waste exhaust shell, and the three-stage filter includes a waste exhaust primary filter, a waste exhaust medium filter and a waste exhaust high efficiency filter arranged in sequence from top to bottom near the air inlet; the second photocatalyst net is located below the waste exhaust high efficiency filter and forms a second air cavity between the waste exhaust high efficiency filter, the second ultraviolet lamp and the second pressure differential switch are arranged in the second air cavity, and the waste exhaust fan is connected to the waste exhaust cap and is used to suck the exhaust gas from the second air cavity to the waste exhaust cap.

5. The vehicle clean air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply duct includes a first air supply section and a second air supply section; wherein, the first air supply section is divided into two chambers, one chamber corresponds to the internal area of ​​the operating room to form the operating area air supply chamber, and the other chamber corresponds to the corridor outside the operating room to form the corridor air supply chamber, and the corridor air supply chamber has a first air supply grille; the second air supply section has a dynamic pressure chamber located in the middle and two static pressure chambers located on both sides of the dynamic pressure chamber, and the static pressure chamber is provided with a second air supply grille.

6. The vehicle clean air conditioning system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A double-layer partition wall air cavity is provided between the operating room and the corridor, and the double-layer partition wall air cavity is connected with the return air duct to form the independent channel; the second return air grille is provided at the bottom of the cavity wall of the double-layer partition wall air cavity.

7. The vehicle clean air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The operating room has a door opening and closing and operation status monitoring device, and the door opening and closing and operation status monitoring device are electrically connected to the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device; wherein, when the door opening and closing and operation status monitoring device determines that the operating room is in an open door state, the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device stops working, and when the door opening and closing and operation status monitoring device determines that the operating room is in a closed door state and the operation is in progress, the waste exhaust purification and disinfection device starts working.

8. A rail vehicle, characterized in that The vehicle clean air conditioning system comprises the vehicle clean air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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