Acid and alkali resistant ceramic and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The acid and alkali resistant ceramic comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of kaolin, 20-30 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 20-30 parts of potassium feldspar, 8-10 parts of borax, 10-20 parts of magnesium oxide, 5-8 parts of zinc oxide, 5-8 parts of calcined talc and 8-10 parts of iron phosphate. The acid and alkali resistant ceramic and the preparation process thereof have excellent mechanical properties and acid and alkali resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ceramics, and in particular to an acid- and alkali-resistant ceramic and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ceramics is a general term for pottery and porcelain. The Chinese invented pottery as early as the Neolithic Age, around 8000 BC. With the development of society and the evolving aesthetics of people, ceramic crafts with a variety of complex shapes have emerged. In daily life, ceramic products are frequently exposed to various acids, bases, and salts, such as acidic and alkaline cleaning agents, which require high acid and alkali resistance. However, existing ceramic products have poor acid and alkali resistance. Long-term exposure not only causes corrosion and peeling of the glaze, reducing the service life of the ceramic, but also causes the glaze to oxidize and turn black, detracting from its original aesthetic appeal and affecting its normal use. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide an acid- and alkali-resistant ceramic and a preparation process thereof, wherein the ceramic handicraft obtained has excellent mechanical properties and acid- and alkali-resistant properties.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] Disclosed is an acid- and alkali-resistant ceramic comprising the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of kaolin, 20-30 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 20-30 parts of potassium feldspar, 8-10 parts of borax, 10-20 parts of magnesium oxide, 5-8 parts of zinc oxide, 5-8 parts of calcined talc and 8-10 parts of iron phosphate.

[0006] A process for preparing acid- and alkali-resistant ceramics comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1: Grind and uniformly stir kaolin, sodium tripolyphosphate, potassium feldspar, borax, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, calcined talc, ferric phosphate, and a primary additive in a ball mill to obtain a mixture; add water to form a green body with a slurry viscosity of 300-320 mPa·s; and sinter the green body once to obtain a primary sintered green body;

[0008] S2: crushing the primary sintered green body, grinding and stirring it with the secondary additive in a ball mill to obtain a mixture; adding water to form a green body with a slurry viscosity of 300-320 mPa•s, and firing the green body twice to obtain a secondary sintered green body;

[0009] S3: crushing the secondary sintered green body, grinding and stirring evenly with the tertiary additives in a ball mill to obtain a mixture; adding water to form a green body with a slurry viscosity of 300-320mPa•s, and firing the green body three times to obtain acid and alkali resistant ceramics.

[0010] Preferably, the primary additive in step S1 includes 16-20 parts of aluminum oxide, 8-10 parts of nickel oxide, and 8-10 parts of lithium oxide.

[0011] Preferably, the secondary additive in S2 includes 6-8 parts of cobalt hydroxide, 3-6 parts of lithium fluoride and 2-4 parts of tungsten trioxide.

[0012] Preferably, the tertiary additive in step S3 includes: 6-10 parts of titanium oxide and 3-5 parts of cerium dioxide.

[0013] Preferably, the mass ratio of the crushed primary sintered green body to the secondary additive is 50-80:1.

[0014] Preferably, the mass ratio of the crushed secondary sintered green body to the tertiary additive is 100-150:1.

[0015] Preferably, the specific process of the primary firing includes: raising the temperature to 1850-2050° C. at a heating rate of 30° C. / min, and keeping the temperature for 10-12 hours.

[0016] Preferably, the specific process of the secondary firing includes: heating the temperature to 1450-1550°C at a heating rate of 30°C / min, keeping warm for 10-12 hours, then heating the temperature to 1650-1850°C at a heating rate of 30°C / min, keeping warm for 1-2 hours, and then naturally cooling to 1400-1550°C.

[0017] Preferably, the specific process of the three firings includes: heating the temperature to 1950-2250° C. at a heating rate of 30° C. / min, keeping the temperature for 4-5 hours, naturally cooling to 1400-1550° C., and keeping the temperature for 4-5 hours.

[0018] The present invention realizes element doping and bulk coating through three sinterings. The bulk doping is realized by the first sintering, and a doping coating layer is formed on the surface. The system stability is improved by compounding. The shallow surface doping is realized by the second sintering. The cobalt element can well stabilize the surface structure. The lithium-aluminum-cobalt-oxygen layer formed by the first sintering and the second sintering realizes direct compounding and doping of elements, increases surface stability, and finally forms a surface coating layer through the third sintering, thereby realizing gradient doping from the inside to the shallow surface layer and inert layer coating, playing a role in stabilizing the lattice, further stabilizing the surface structure while constructing a physical barrier, and improving acid and alkali resistance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, it is specifically stated that the raw materials and equipment of the present invention can be obtained from commercial sources and are no longer listed one by one. Among them, the raw materials of the present invention can be obtained from commercial sources and are well known to those skilled in the art. Example 1

[0020] Disclosed is an acid- and alkali-resistant ceramic comprising the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 20 parts of potassium feldspar, 8 parts of borax, 10 parts of magnesium oxide, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 5 parts of calcined talc and 8 parts of iron phosphate.

[0021] A process for preparing acid- and alkali-resistant ceramics comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1: Grind and uniformly stir the above-mentioned parts by weight of kaolin, sodium tripolyphosphate, potassium feldspar, borax, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, calcined talc, ferric phosphate, and primary additives (16 parts of aluminum oxide, 8 parts of nickel oxide, and 8 parts of lithium oxide) in a ball mill to obtain a mixture; add water to form a green body with a slurry viscosity of 300 mPa·s; and subject the green body to a primary firing at a heating rate of 30°C / min to a temperature of 1850°C and hold for 10 hours to obtain a primary sintered green body;

[0023] S2: The primary sintered green body is crushed and mixed with secondary additives (6 parts of cobalt hydroxide, 3 parts of lithium fluoride, and 2 parts of tungsten trioxide) in a mass ratio of 50:1. The mixture is added to a ball mill and ground and stirred evenly to obtain a mixture. Water is added to form a green body with a slurry viscosity of 300 mPa•s. The green body is subjected to secondary firing at a heating rate of 30°C / min to 1450°C, kept at this temperature for 10 hours, and then raised to 1650°C at a heating rate of 30°C / min, kept at this temperature for 1 hour, and then naturally cooled to 1400°C to obtain a secondary sintered green body.

[0024] S3: The secondary sintered green body is crushed and mixed with the tertiary additives (6 parts of titanium oxide and 3 parts of cerium dioxide) in a mass ratio of 100:1, and added to a ball mill for grinding and stirring to obtain a mixture; water is added to form a green body with a mud viscosity of 300mPa•s. The green body is fired three times at a heating rate of 30℃ / min to 1950℃, kept warm for 4h, naturally cooled to 1400℃, kept warm for 4h, and cooled to room temperature to obtain acid and alkali resistant ceramics. Example 2

[0025] Disclosed is an acid- and alkali-resistant ceramic comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of kaolin, 30 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 30 parts of potassium feldspar, 10 parts of borax, 20 parts of magnesium oxide, 8 parts of zinc oxide, 8 parts of calcined talc and 10 parts of iron phosphate.

[0026] A process for preparing acid- and alkali-resistant ceramics comprises the following steps:

[0027] S1: Grind and uniformly stir the above-mentioned parts by weight of kaolin, sodium tripolyphosphate, potassium feldspar, borax, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, calcined talc, ferric phosphate, and a primary additive (20 parts of aluminum oxide, 10 parts of nickel oxide, and 10 parts of lithium oxide) in a ball mill to obtain a mixture; add water to form a green body with a slurry viscosity of 320 mPa·s; and subject the green body to a primary firing at a heating rate of 30°C / min to a temperature of 2050°C and hold the temperature for 12 hours to obtain a primary sintered green body;

[0028] S2: The primary sintered green body is crushed and mixed with secondary additives (8 parts of cobalt hydroxide, 6 parts of lithium fluoride, and 4 parts of tungsten trioxide) in a mass ratio of 80:1. The mixture is added to a ball mill and ground and stirred to obtain a mixture. Water is added to form a green body with a slurry viscosity of 320 mPa•s. The green body is subjected to secondary firing at a heating rate of 30°C / min to 1550°C, kept at this temperature for 12 hours, and then raised to 1850°C at a heating rate of 30°C / min. After being kept at this temperature for 2 hours, the green body is naturally cooled to 1550°C to obtain a secondary sintered green body.

[0029] S3: The secondary sintered green body is crushed and mixed with the tertiary additives (10 parts of titanium oxide and 5 parts of cerium dioxide) in a mass ratio of 150:1, and added to a ball mill for grinding and stirring to obtain a mixture; water is added to form a green body with a slurry viscosity of 320mPa•s. The green body is fired three times at a heating rate of 30℃ / min to 2250℃, kept warm for 5h, naturally cooled to 1550℃, kept warm for 5h, and cooled to room temperature to obtain acid and alkali resistant ceramics. Example 3

[0030] Disclosed is an acid- and alkali-resistant ceramic comprising the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of kaolin, 25 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 25 parts of potassium feldspar, 9 parts of borax, 15 parts of magnesium oxide, 6 parts of zinc oxide, 6 parts of calcined talc and 9 parts of iron phosphate.

[0031] A process for preparing acid- and alkali-resistant ceramics comprises the following steps:

[0032] S1: Grind and uniformly stir the above-mentioned parts by weight of kaolin, sodium tripolyphosphate, potassium feldspar, borax, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, calcined talc, ferric phosphate, and primary additives (18 parts of aluminum oxide, 9 parts of nickel oxide, and 9 parts of lithium oxide) in a ball mill to obtain a mixture; add water to form a green body with a slurry viscosity of 310 mPa·s; and subject the green body to a primary firing at a heating rate of 30°C / min to a temperature of 1950°C and hold for 11 hours to obtain a primary sintered green body;

[0033] S2: The primary sintered green body was crushed and mixed with secondary additives (7 parts of cobalt hydroxide, 5 parts of lithium fluoride, and 3 parts of tungsten trioxide) in a mass ratio of 70:1. The mixture was added to a ball mill and ground and stirred evenly to obtain a mixture. Water was added to form a green body with a slurry viscosity of 310 mPa·s. The green body was subjected to secondary firing at a heating rate of 30°C / min to 1500°C, kept at this temperature for 11 hours, and then raised to 1750°C at a heating rate of 30°C / min. After being kept at this temperature for 1.5 hours, the green body was naturally cooled to 1500°C to obtain a secondary sintered green body.

[0034] S3: The secondary sintered green body is crushed and mixed with the tertiary additives (8 parts of titanium oxide and 4 parts of cerium dioxide) in a mass ratio of 120:1, and added to a ball mill for grinding and stirring to obtain a mixture; water is added to form a green body with a mud viscosity of 310mPa•s. The green body is fired three times at a heating rate of 30℃ / min to 2100℃, kept warm for 4.5h, naturally cooled to 1500℃, kept warm for 4.5h, and cooled to room temperature to obtain acid and alkali resistant ceramics.

[0035] The preparation process of Comparative Example 1 is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that no additives are used and the product is directly fired. Specifically,

[0036] Disclosed is an acid- and alkali-resistant ceramic comprising the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 20 parts of potassium feldspar, 8 parts of borax, 10 parts of magnesium oxide, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 5 parts of calcined talc and 8 parts of iron phosphate.

[0037] A process for preparing acid- and alkali-resistant ceramics comprises the following steps:

[0038] S1: Grind and stir the above-mentioned parts by weight of kaolin, sodium tripolyphosphate, potassium feldspar, borax, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, calcined talc and ferric phosphate in a ball mill to obtain a mixture; add water to form a green body with a slurry viscosity of 300 mPa·s, heat the green body to 2100°C at a heating rate of 30°C / min, keep the temperature at that temperature for 4.5 hours, cool it naturally to 1500°C, keep the temperature at that temperature for 4.5 hours, and cool it to room temperature to obtain an acid and alkali resistant ceramic.

[0039] The following performance tests were performed on the ceramic handicrafts of Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention, Comparative Example 1 (prepared into ceramic tiles), and commercially available ceramic handicrafts (purchased from Zibo Weige Ceramics Co., Ltd.) using long strip samples of 30mm×50mm×10mm. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0040] Mechanical strength test: Tested in accordance with GB / T 4740-1999.

[0041] Acid and alkali resistance test: The test is carried out in accordance with GB / T3810.13-2016 "Ceramic tile test methods part 13: determination of chemical corrosion resistance".

[0042] For acid corrosion resistance, soak in concentrated sulfuric acid for 24 hours; for alkali corrosion resistance, soak in saturated sodium hydroxide solution for 24 hours.

[0043] Table 1 Test data of Examples 1-3, commercially available ceramics and Comparative Example 1:

[0044]

[0045] As can be seen from the above table, Examples 1-3 have better mechanical properties and acid and alkali resistance than Comparative Example 1 and commercially available ceramics.

[0046] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A process for preparing acid- and alkali-resistant ceramics, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Grinding and uniformly stirring the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of kaolin, 20-30 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 20-30 parts of potassium feldspar, 8-10 parts of borax, 10-20 parts of magnesium oxide, 5-8 parts of zinc oxide, 5-8 parts of calcined talc, 8-10 parts of iron phosphate, and a primary additive in a ball mill to obtain a mixture; adding water to form a green body having a slurry viscosity of 300-320 mPa·s; and firing the green body once to obtain a primary sintered green body. S2: crushing the primary sintered green body, grinding and stirring the green body with the secondary additive in a ball mill to obtain a mixture; adding water to form a green body with a slurry viscosity of 300-320 mPa·s, and firing the green body twice to obtain a secondary sintered green body; S3: crushing the secondary sintered green body, grinding and stirring it with the tertiary additives in a ball mill to obtain a mixture; adding water to form a green body with a slurry viscosity of 300-320mPa•s, and firing the green body three times to obtain acid and alkali resistant ceramics; In step S1, the primary additive includes 16-20 parts of aluminum oxide, 8-10 parts of nickel oxide, and 8-10 parts of lithium oxide; In step S2, the secondary additive includes 6-8 parts of cobalt hydroxide, 3-6 parts of lithium fluoride and 2-4 parts of tungsten trioxide; The tertiary additives in step S3 include 6-10 parts of titanium oxide and 3-5 parts of cerium dioxide.

2. The process for preparing the acid and alkali resistant ceramic according to claim 1, wherein: The mass ratio of the primary sintered green body to the secondary additive after crushing is 50-80:

1.

3. The process for preparing the acid and alkali resistant ceramic according to claim 1, wherein: The mass ratio of the crushed secondary sintered green body to the tertiary additive is 100-150:

1.

4. The process for preparing the acid and alkali resistant ceramic according to claim 1, wherein: The specific process of the primary firing includes: raising the temperature to 1850-2050° C. at a heating rate of 30° C. / min, and keeping the temperature for 10-12 hours.

5. The process for preparing the acid and alkali resistant ceramic according to claim 1, wherein: The specific process of the secondary firing includes: heating the temperature to 1450-1550°C at a heating rate of 30°C / min, keeping the temperature for 10-12 hours, then heating the temperature to 1650-1850°C at a heating rate of 30°C / min, keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours, and then naturally cooling to 1400-1550°C.

6. The process for preparing the acid and alkali resistant ceramic according to claim 1, wherein: The specific process of the three firings includes: heating the temperature to 1950-2250° C. at a heating rate of 30° C. / min, keeping the temperature for 4-5 hours, naturally cooling to 1400-1550° C., and keeping the temperature for 4-5 hours.

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