Ceramic artware and method of making

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of ceramics, and particularly relates to a ceramic handicraft, which comprises a porcelain blank and a blank glaze applied to the surface of the porcelain blank, wherein the porcelain blank is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: fly ash 40-50 parts, potassium feldspar 10-20 parts, sodium feldspar 5-10 parts, black clay 8-10 parts, soda 20-25 parts, talc 1-3 parts, and waste porcelain powder 3-5 parts; and the blank glaze is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: quartz 40-60 parts, high-quality kaolin 10-15 parts, wollastonite 18-20 parts, waste porcelain powder 10-15 parts, potassium feldspar 6-10 parts, sodium feldspar 3-5 parts, calcined talc 3-5 parts, and zirconium-iron red agent 1-2 parts; the content of SiO2 and Al2O3 in the fly ash is more than 80 wt%, and the fly ash contains a small amount of Fe2O3, MgO and CaO; the present application solves the problem that the weight of the porcelain blank of the existing ceramic handicraft is heavy, and the industrial waste raw materials cannot be introduced in large quantities to manufacture the porcelain blank, and the resource utilization rate is poor; compared with the prior art, the glaze surface gloss of the present application is moderate, and the ceramic handicraft is beneficial to decoration and placement under a light source.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ceramics, in particular to a ceramic handicraft and a preparation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ceramics, namely the general term of pottery and porcelain, refers to the objects made of two kinds of clay, namely pottery clay and porcelain clay, as raw materials, through processes such as batching, molding, drying and firing. Common ceramic products include daily-use ceramics, artistic ceramics, industrial ceramics, chemical ceramics, electrical porcelain, special ceramics, etc. Among them, artistic ceramics, as a typical representative of ceramic handicrafts, include vases, sculptures, garden ceramics, utensils, photo frames, murals, decorative items, and various ornaments, etc.

[0003] The existing ceramic ornament handicrafts are generally made of clay, which is then glazed and fired. The clay is mainly made of one kind of clay, which generally has good structural compactness, large ceramic quality, and high gloss and brightness of the glaze surface, which is easy to reflect light and is not conducive to decoration under light. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a ceramic handicraft and a preparation method, which introduces a large amount of recycled resources into the clay, has good resource recycling properties, and has moderate glaze gloss, which is conducive to decoration under light.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0006] A ceramic handicraft, comprising a porcelain embryo and an embryo glaze applied to the surface of the porcelain embryo, wherein the porcelain embryo is composed of the following raw materials by weight: fly ash 40-50 parts, potassium feldspar 10-20 parts, sodium feldspar 5-10 parts, black clay 8-10 parts, soda 20-25 parts, talc 1-3 parts, and waste porcelain powder 3-5 parts. In the present application, the fly ash, a powdery industrial waste discharged by the coal-fired power plant using coal powder as energy, is used as the clay barren raw material. The waste contains a large amount of SiO2 and Al2O3, a small amount of Fe2O3, MgO and CaO, and its chemical composition is similar to that of traditional ceramic clay. It has the characteristics of fine particle size and good sintering performance, and can completely replace traditional ceramic clay. By introducing it into the ceramic embryo, resource recycling and reuse are realized, and resource waste is reduced, solving the problem of fly ash industrial waste generated by various thermal power plants in China every year. In addition, waste porcelain powder is also introduced into the clay, which can also be recycled for scrap ceramics. Moreover, the addition of an appropriate amount of waste porcelain powder can increase the performance of the clay and improve its mechanical strength.

[0007] The embryo enamel is composed of the following raw materials by weight: quartz 40-60 parts, high-quality kaolin 10-15 parts, wollastonite 18-20 parts, waste porcelain powder 10-15 parts, potassium feldspar 6-10 parts, sodium feldspar 3-5 parts, calcined talc 3-5 parts, and zirconium iron red agent 1-2 parts; the embryo enamel in the application adopts a main body framework of main flux + auxiliary solvent + suspending agent + filler + colorant, takes potassium and sodium feldspar as the main flux, takes calcined talc and wollastonite as the auxiliary solvent, takes high-quality kaolin as the suspending agent, takes quartz as the filler, and takes zirconium iron red agent as the colorant, and introduces waste porcelain powder for supplementing, as the suspending agent, the waste porcelain powder can increase the glaze performance, can improve the melting temperature and reduce the viscosity of the glaze, can also reduce the pinholes on the glaze surface, and can improve the whiteness; by mainly introducing SiO2 raw material through high-purity quartz and auxiliary introduction of high-quality kaolin, sodium feldspar, potassium feldspar and waste porcelain powder, the melting temperature can be improved, the viscosity of the glaze can be improved, the resistance of the glaze to water solubility and chemical corrosion can be increased, the mechanical strength and hardness of the glaze can be increased, and the expansion coefficient of the glaze can be reduced; by introducing Al2O3 raw material through high-quality kaolin as the network intermediate oxide, in the glaze melting process, the free oxygen can usually be captured to form four coordination to enter the silicon oxygen network, and the glass network structure can be strengthened; the main effects of the high-quality kaolin in the glaze are: improving the hardness and mechanical strength of the glaze, improving the chemical corrosion resistance of the glaze, reducing the expansion coefficient of the glaze, improving the glassification ability, more importantly, improving the suspensibility, stability of the glaze paste, and increasing the adhesion and strength of the glaze layer on the embryo body; by introducing K2O and Na2O raw materials through potassium and sodium feldspar as network outer body oxides, in the glaze melting process, they all have a strong 'network breaking' effect, can significantly reduce the melting temperature and viscosity of the glaze, increase the expansion coefficient of the glaze, reduce the thermal stability, chemical stability and mechanical strength of the glaze, and reduce the gloss of the glaze surface; by introducing CaO raw material through wollastonite as the main divalent network outer body oxide, the free oxygen can be captured at high temperature to destroy the network structure, reduce the viscosity of the melt, and help the glaze melting; the Ca2+ ion can meet its own coordination requirements at low temperature, connect the network breakpoints, make the structure compact and the viscosity increase, and accelerate the solidification of the melt; compared with alkali metal oxides, CaO can reduce the expansion coefficient of the glaze, improve the hardness, chemical stability and mechanical strength of the glaze surface, avoid the influence of decomposition gas on the quality of the glaze surface during the glaze firing process, reduce the shrinkage of the dry glaze layer, is conducive to better adhesion with the body, can promote good combination with the body, and a large amount of wollastonite is used in the glaze process, which can improve the fire resistance of the glaze, and cause the glaze layer to lose transparency and form a matte glaze by precipitating tiny crystals in the glaze.MgO raw material is introduced by calcining talc as auxiliary divalent network outer body oxide, its function in glaze is similar to CaO, it provides free oxygen at high temperature, is strong flux, increases the fluidity of glaze, and increases viscosity when temperature decreases, assists CaO, realizes functional complementation, and can also increase the fluxing range, reduce the expansion coefficient of glaze, promote the formation of intermediate layer, thereby weakening the cracking tendency of glaze; the glaze body is colored by zirconium-iron red agent to realize the porcelain red glaze surface.

[0008] Preferably, the content of SiO2 and Al2O3 in the fly ash is above 80wt%, and a small amount of Fe2O3, MgO and CaO are contained to ensure the structure performance requirements of the porcelain blank.

[0009] Preferably, the porcelain blank is composed of the following raw materials in weight parts: fly ash 45 parts, potassium feldspar 10 parts, sodium feldspar 5 parts, black mud 8 parts, soda 22 parts, talc 2 parts, and waste porcelain powder 3 parts.

[0010] Preferably, the blank glaze is composed of the following raw materials in weight parts: quartz 50 parts, high-quality kaolin 10 parts, wollastonite 20 parts, waste porcelain powder 12 parts, potassium feldspar 6 parts, sodium feldspar 3 parts, calcined talc 3 parts, and zirconium-iron red agent 1 part.

[0011] A preparation method of a ceramic artware, comprising the following specific steps:

[0012] S1. Mud proportioning: the following raw materials are accurately weighed in weight parts: fly ash 40-50 parts, potassium feldspar 10-20 parts, sodium feldspar 5-10 parts, black mud 8-10 parts, soda 20-25 parts, and talc 1-3 parts as inner mud; the following raw materials are accurately weighed in weight parts: fly ash 40-50 parts, potassium feldspar 10-20 parts, sodium feldspar 5-10 parts, black mud 8-10 parts, soda 20-25 parts, talc 1-3 parts, and waste porcelain powder 3-5 parts as outer mud;

[0013] S2. Preparation of clay: the above-mentioned inner and outer clay is respectively put into the corresponding feeding machine, and after mixing, it is introduced into the corresponding ball mill. The ratio of material, ball and water is 1:2:1.2, and two drops of water glass are added as electrolyte. Ball milling is carried out for 8-10 minutes. The ground material is ground to a fineness of 0.1-0.3mm in diameter, and the corresponding slurry is prepared. The prepared slurry is deironed, sieved, and unqualified particles are filtered and returned to the ball mill for reballing until qualified. The qualified slurry is introduced into the corresponding slurry pool for slurry mixing and aging, and then introduced into the corresponding drying section for spray drying. The drying air comes from the roller kiln exhaust gas, realizing energy saving and capacity recovery. The corresponding slurry is dried into apple-shaped particles with a diameter of 0.5-2mm, and the fine powder with a diameter of less than 0.5mm is not more than 3%. The powder containing about 7% water is then introduced into the corresponding powder bin for storage for at least 48 minutes for aging. The inner and outer clay is respectively prepared for standby use.

[0014] S3. Preparation of porcelain embryo: the prepared inner and outer clay is respectively placed in the corresponding clay mill for repeated clay refining. After the clay refining is completed, the inner and outer clay is respectively quantitatively divided. First, the outer clay is placed in the mold for pressing. After pressing, the inner clay is evenly added to the surface of the outer clay and transferred to the corresponding mold for pressing. After pressing, the outer clay is evenly added to the surface of the inner clay and transferred to the corresponding mold for final pressing to prepare the green body. Then the green body is transferred to the roller drying kiln for drying, dehydration to a water content of less than 0.5%, and edge trimming to remove excess edge material to prepare the porcelain embryo.

[0015] S4. Preparation of embryo glaze: the following raw materials are accurately weighed by weight parts: quartz 40-60 parts, high-quality kaolin 10-15 parts, wollastonite 18-20 parts, waste porcelain powder 10-15 parts, potassium feldspar 6-10 parts, sodium feldspar 3-5 parts, calcined talc 3-5 parts, and zirconium iron red agent 1-2 parts as embryo glaze. The embryo glaze powder prepared by the same process in step S2 is stored in the powder bin for storage and aging to prepare the embryo glaze.

[0016] S5. Glaze application to porcelain embryo: the prepared embryo glaze is evenly sprayed on the surface of the porcelain embryo by high-pressure glaze spraying gun to prepare the glazed porcelain embryo.

[0017] S6. Rubber roller printing: the previously designed pattern is engraved on the circular rubber roller, and through precise rotation and speed control, the glazed porcelain embryo passing from the bottom is printed one by one to prepare the to-be-fired porcelain embryo.

[0018] S7. The porcelain is fired in a roller kiln, which is low in energy consumption and clean in fuel, and is composed of a plurality of parallel arranged roller bars, which carry the porcelain body to the roller kiln through the transmission part, and then the fuel is sprayed from the upper and lower burners and fully combusted with the help of the combustion air and atomizing air, so that different temperature environments are formed in the kiln, and the porcelain body is sequentially passed through the preheating zone, the firing zone and the cooling zone, the preheating zone can raise the temperature of the porcelain body from room temperature to 300 DEG C, so that the organic matter is volatilized, the crystal water is discharged, the crystal form is changed, and the carbonates and sulfates are decomposed, the firing zone includes a low-temperature firing zone and a high-temperature firing zone, the low-temperature firing zone can raise the temperature of the porcelain body from 300 DEG C to 1000 DEG C, the high-temperature firing zone can raise the temperature of the porcelain body from 1000 DEG C to 1230 DEG C, and the cooling zone includes a rapid cooling section, a slow cooling section and a low-temperature cooling section, the rapid cooling section can lower the temperature of the porcelain body from 1230 DEG C to 600 DEG C, the slow cooling section can lower the temperature of the porcelain body from 600 DEG C to 120 DEG C, and the low-temperature cooling section can lower the temperature of the porcelain body from 120 DEG C to room temperature, so that the deformation and cracking of the porcelain are avoided, and the finished ceramic handicraft is obtained.

[0019] In the application, the porcelain body is designed as a sandwich structure of outer, inner and outer layers, and is sequentially pressed layer by layer, so that the structure is stable, the waste porcelain powder is introduced into the outer clay, and the light pressing and pressure exhaust are used for pressing, so that the surface body structure is dense, the internal bubbles are reduced, the glaze pinholes and bubbles are reduced, the anti-pollution and anti-erosion abilities of the porcelain surface are ensured, the waste porcelain powder is not added in the inner clay, and the light pressure exhaust is used, so that the relatively sparse structure of the inner body is ensured, and the overall weight of the porcelain is reduced.

[0020] Preferably, the inner clay raw material accurately weighed by weight parts in the step S1 is fly ash 45 parts, potassium feldspar 10 parts, sodium feldspar 5 parts, black clay 8 parts, soda 22 parts and talc 2 parts, and the outer clay raw material accurately weighed by weight parts is fly ash 45 parts, potassium feldspar 10 parts, sodium feldspar 5 parts, black clay 8 parts, soda 22 parts, talc 2 parts and waste porcelain powder 3 parts.

[0021] Preferably, the body glaze raw material accurately weighed by weight parts in the step S4 is quartz 50 parts, high-quality kaolin 10 parts, wollastonite 20 parts, waste porcelain powder 12 parts, potassium feldspar 6 parts, sodium feldspar 3 parts, calcined talc 3 parts and zirconium iron red agent 1 part.

[0022] Preferably, in the drying method in the step S2, the slurry is sprayed into the drying chamber by using a plunger pump, and the spraying mode is mist spraying, and then the slurry is dried and dehydrated by hot air exchange in the drying chamber, so that the drying efficiency is ensured.

[0023] Preferably, the outer clay pressing process in the step S3 includes light pressing and pressure exhaust, and the inner clay pressing process is light pressure exhaust.

[0024] Preferably, the spraying area of the high-pressure glaze spraying gun in S5 is a strip-shaped area, which ensures the oil spraying effect of the porcelain surface, ensures uniform spraying at one time, makes the glaze surface show fine particle distribution, and has good surface wear resistance.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) In the application, the porcelain embryo uses fly ash, a powdery industrial waste discharged by a coal-fired power plant, as a clay material and a barren raw material, and utilizes the SiO2 and Al2O3 rich in the waste, which contains a small amount of Fe2O3, MgO and CaO, has a chemical composition similar to traditional ceramic clay, and has the characteristics of fine particle size and good sintering performance, so that the traditional ceramic clay can be completely replaced, and the introduction of the ceramic embryo can realize resource recycling and reuse, reduce resource waste, solve the problem of fly ash industrial waste generated by the power plant every year, and the introduction of waste porcelain powder into the clay material can also recycle the discarded ceramic, and the addition of an appropriate amount of waste porcelain powder can increase the performance of the clay material and the mechanical strength thereof.

[0027] (2) In the application, the embryo glaze uses potassium and sodium feldspar as a main flux, calcined talc and wollastonite as a dissolving agent, high-quality kaolin as a suspending agent, quartz as a filler, and zirconium iron red as a colorant, and introduces waste porcelain powder for supplement, as a suspending agent, the waste porcelain powder can increase the performance of the glaze, improve the melting temperature of the glaze and reduce the viscosity of the glaze, reduce pinholes on the glaze surface, and improve whiteness, the zirconium iron red is used for coloring the glaze body, realizes a red and matt glaze surface of the finished porcelain, reduces surface gloss, and is beneficial to placing under a light source.

[0028] (3) In the application, the porcelain embryo adopts a three-layer sandwich design of outer, inner and outer layers, and is sequentially pressed layer by layer, has good structural stability, and the waste porcelain powder is introduced into the outer clay and is pressed by light pressing and pressure exhausting, so as to improve the surface embryo structure density, reduce internal bubbles, reduce pinholes and bubbles on the glaze surface, ensure the anti-pollution and anti-erosion ability of the finished porcelain surface, and the inner clay does not add waste porcelain powder and is pressed by light pressing and pressure exhausting, so as to ensure that the inner embryo has a relatively sparse structure, reduce the overall weight of the finished porcelain, and ensure the lightweight development of the ceramic handicraft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The figure is a process flow chart of the preparation method of the ceramic handicraft of the application.

[0030] Figure 2 The figure is a performance test result table of the ceramic handicraft of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] With reference to the accompanying drawings, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0032] In order to make the present application more comprehensible, the present application will be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present application is shown in several embodiments in the drawings, but the present application can be realized in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive. Embodiment

[0033] A ceramic handicraft, comprising a porcelain blank and a blank glaze applied to the surface of the porcelain blank, wherein the porcelain blank is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: fly ash 45 parts, potassium feldspar 10 parts, sodium feldspar 5 parts, black clay 8 parts, soda 22 parts, talc 2 parts, and waste porcelain powder 3 parts.

[0034] The blank glaze is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: quartz 50 parts, high-quality kaolin 10 parts, wollastonite 20 parts, waste porcelain powder 12 parts, potassium feldspar 6 parts, sodium feldspar 3 parts, calcined talc 3 parts, and zirconium iron red agent 1 part.

[0035] A preparation method of a ceramic handicraft, comprising the following specific steps:

[0036] S1. Mud ratio: accurately weigh the following raw materials in parts by weight, fly ash 45 parts, potassium feldspar 10 parts, sodium feldspar 5 parts, black clay 8 parts, soda 22 parts, and talc 2 parts, as inner mud; accurately weigh the following raw materials in parts by weight, fly ash 45 parts, potassium feldspar 10 parts, sodium feldspar 5 parts, black clay 8 parts, soda 22 parts, talc 2 parts, and waste porcelain powder 3 parts, as outer mud;

[0037] S2. Preparation of clay: the above-mentioned inner and outer clay is respectively put into the corresponding feeder, and after mixing, it is introduced into the corresponding ball mill. The ratio of material, ball and water is 1:2:1.2, and two drops of water glass are added as electrolyte. Ball milling is carried out for 8-10 minutes. The ground material is ground to a fineness of 0.1-0.3mm in diameter, and the corresponding slurry is prepared. The prepared slurry is deironed, sieved, and the unqualified particles are filtered and returned to the ball mill for reball milling until qualified. The qualified slurry is introduced into the corresponding slurry pool for slurry mixing and aging, and then introduced into the corresponding drying section for spray drying. The drying air is obtained from the roller kiln exhaust gas, which realizes energy saving and capacity recovery. The corresponding slurry is dried into apple-shaped particles with a diameter of 0.5-2mm, and the fine powder with a diameter of less than 0.5mm is not more than 3%. The powder containing about 7% water is then introduced into the corresponding powder bin for storage for at least 48 minutes for aging. The inner and outer clay is respectively prepared for standby use.

[0038] S3. Preparation of porcelain embryo: the prepared inner and outer clay is respectively placed in the corresponding clay mill for repeated clay refining. After the clay refining is completed, the inner and outer clay is respectively quantitatively divided. First, the outer clay is placed in the mold for pressing. After pressing, the inner clay is evenly added to the surface of the outer clay and transferred to the corresponding mold for pressing. After pressing, the outer clay is evenly added to the surface of the inner clay and transferred to the corresponding mold for final pressing to prepare the green body. The green body is then transferred to the roller drying kiln for drying, dehydration to a water content of less than 0.5%, and edge trimming to remove excess edge material to prepare the porcelain embryo.

[0039] S4. Preparation of embryo glaze: the following raw materials are accurately weighed by weight parts: quartz 50 parts, high-quality kaolin 10 parts, wollastonite 20 parts, waste porcelain powder 12 parts, potassium feldspar 6 parts, sodium feldspar 3 parts, calcined talc 3 parts, and zirconium iron red agent 1 part as embryo glaze. The embryo glaze powder is prepared according to the same process in step S2 and stored in the powder bin for storage. After aging, the embryo glaze is prepared.

[0040] S5. Glaze application to porcelain embryo: the prepared embryo glaze is evenly sprayed on the surface of the porcelain embryo by high-pressure glaze spraying gun to prepare the glazed porcelain embryo.

[0041] S6. Rubber roller printing: the previously designed pattern is engraved on the circular rubber roller, and the glazed porcelain embryo passing from the bottom is printed by precise rotation and speed control of the large rubber roller to prepare the to-be-fired porcelain embryo.

[0042] S7. porcelain firing: using a natural gas roller kiln for firing, low energy consumption, and clean fuel, pollution, by a number of parallel roller bar roller, through the transmission part of the roller carrying porcelain embryo to move to the roller kiln, and then by the burner on both sides of the spray, and in the kiln combustion and atomizing wind to help the fuel to fully burn, thus forming different temperature environment in the kiln, the porcelain embryo by roller kiln import in turn through the preheating zone, firing zone and cooling zone, the preheating zone can be porcelain embryo from room temperature to 300 DEG C, make organic matter volatilization, crystallization water discharge, crystal type transformation and carbonate and sulfate decomposition, the firing zone includes low temperature firing zone and high temperature firing zone, the low temperature firing zone can be porcelain embryo from 300 DEG C to 1000 DEG C, the high temperature firing zone can be porcelain embryo from 1000 DEG C to 1230 DEG C, the cooling zone includes rapid cooling section, slow cooling section and low temperature cooling section, the rapid cooling section can be porcelain embryo from 1230 DEG C to 600 DEG C, the slow cooling section can be porcelain embryo from 600 DEG C to 120 DEG C, the low temperature cooling section can be porcelain embryo from 120 DEG C to room temperature, ensure that the porcelain will not appear deformation, cracking, and the finished product ceramic handicraft is prepared. Embodiment

[0043] A ceramic handicraft, comprising a porcelain embryo, and embryo glaze applied to the surface of the porcelain embryo, the porcelain embryo is composed of the following raw materials by weight, fly ash 50 parts, potassium feldspar 20 parts, sodium feldspar 5 parts, black mud 9 parts, soda 25 parts, talc 2 parts, waste porcelain powder 3 parts;

[0044] The embryo glaze is composed of the following raw materials by weight, quartz 50 parts, high-quality kaolin 10 parts, wollastonite 20 parts, waste porcelain powder 12 parts, potassium feldspar 6 parts, sodium feldspar 3 parts, calcined talc 3 parts, zirconium iron red agent 1 part.

[0045] A preparation method of a ceramic handicraft, comprising the following specific steps:

[0046] S1. Mud ratio: accurately weigh the following raw materials by weight, fly ash 50 parts, potassium feldspar 20 parts, sodium feldspar 5 parts, black mud 9 parts, soda 25 parts, talc 2 parts, as inner mud; accurately weigh the following raw materials by weight, fly ash 50 parts, potassium feldspar 20 parts, sodium feldspar 5 parts, black mud 9 parts, soda 25 parts, talc 2 parts, waste porcelain powder 3 parts, as outer mud;

[0047] S2. Preparation of clay: the above-mentioned inner and outer clay is respectively put into the corresponding feeder, and after mixing, it is introduced into the corresponding ball mill. The ratio of material, ball and water is 1:2:1.2, and two drops of water glass are added as electrolyte. Ball milling is carried out for 8-10 minutes. The introduced material is ground to a fineness of 0.1-0.3mm in diameter, and the corresponding slurry is prepared. The prepared slurry is deironed, sieved, and unqualified particles are filtered and returned to the ball mill for reball milling until qualified. The qualified slurry is introduced into the corresponding slurry pool for slurry mixing and aging, and then introduced into the corresponding drying section for spray drying. The drying air is obtained from the roller kiln exhaust gas, which realizes energy saving and capacity recovery. The corresponding slurry is dried into apple-shaped particles with a diameter of 0.5-2mm, and the fine powder with a diameter of less than 0.5mm is not more than 3%. The powder containing about 7% water is then introduced into the corresponding powder bin for storage for at least 48 minutes for aging, and then discharged correspondingly to prepare the corresponding inner and outer clay for standby use;

[0048] S3. Preparation of porcelain embryo: the prepared inner and outer clay is respectively placed in the corresponding clay mill for repeated clay refining. After the clay refining is completed, the inner and outer clay is respectively quantitatively divided. First, the outer clay is placed in the mold for pressing. After pressing, the inner clay is evenly added to the surface of the outer clay and transferred to the corresponding mold for pressing. After pressing, the outer clay is evenly added to the surface of the inner clay and transferred to the corresponding mold for final pressing to prepare the green body. Then, the green body is transferred to the roller drying kiln for drying, dehydration to a water content of less than 0.5%, and edge trimming to remove excess edge material to prepare the porcelain embryo;

[0049] S4. Preparation of embryo glaze: the following raw materials are accurately weighed by weight parts: quartz 50 parts, high-quality kaolin 10 parts, wollastonite 20 parts, waste porcelain powder 12 parts, potassium feldspar 6 parts, sodium feldspar 3 parts, calcined talc 3 parts, and zirconium iron red agent 1 part as embryo glaze. The embryo glaze powder prepared by the same process in step S2 is stored in the powder bin for storage and aging, and then discharged to prepare the embryo glaze;

[0050] S5. Glaze application to porcelain embryo: the prepared embryo glaze is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the porcelain embryo by high-pressure glaze spraying gun to prepare the glazed porcelain embryo;

[0051] S6. Rubber roller printing: the previously designed pattern is engraved on the circular rubber roller, and the glazed porcelain embryo passing from the bottom is printed by precise rotation and speed control of the large rubber roller to prepare the to-be-fired porcelain embryo;

[0052] S7. The porcelain is fired in a roller kiln, which is clean and environmentally friendly, and has low energy consumption. The roller kiln is composed of a plurality of parallel roller bars. The porcelain is carried by the roller bars to the roller kiln, and then is fired by burners on the upper and lower sides of the roller kiln. The fuel is fully combusted with the help of combustion air and atomizing air, so that different temperature environments are formed in the kiln. The porcelain is sequentially moved through a preheating zone, a firing zone and a cooling zone. The preheating zone can raise the temperature of the porcelain from room temperature to 300 DEG C, so that the organic matter is volatilized, the crystal water is discharged, the crystal type is changed, and the carbonates and sulfates are decomposed. The firing zone includes a low-temperature firing zone and a high-temperature firing zone. The low-temperature firing zone can raise the temperature of the porcelain from 300 DEG C to 1000 DEG C. The high-temperature firing zone can raise the temperature of the porcelain from 1000 DEG C to 1230 DEG C. The cooling zone includes a rapid cooling section, a slow cooling section and a low-temperature cooling section. The rapid cooling section can lower the temperature of the porcelain from 1230 DEG C to 600 DEG C. The slow cooling section can lower the temperature of the porcelain from 600 DEG C to 120 DEG C. The low-temperature cooling section can lower the temperature of the porcelain from 120 DEG C to room temperature. The porcelain is not deformed or cracked, and a finished ceramic art product is obtained. Embodiment

[0053] A ceramic art product includes a porcelain body and a body glaze applied to the surface of the porcelain body. The porcelain body is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: fly ash 45 parts, potassium feldspar 10 parts, sodium feldspar 5 parts, black clay 8 parts, soda 22 parts, talc 2 parts, and waste porcelain powder 3 parts.

[0054] The body glaze is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: quartz 40 parts, high-quality kaolin 10 parts, wollastonite 18 parts, waste porcelain powder 12 parts, potassium feldspar 6 parts, sodium feldspar 2 parts, calcined talc 3 parts, and zirconium iron red agent 2 parts.

[0055] A method for preparing a ceramic art product includes the following specific steps:

[0056] S1. The mud is proportioned. The following raw materials are accurately weighed in parts by weight: fly ash 45 parts, potassium feldspar 10 parts, sodium feldspar 5 parts, black clay 8 parts, soda 22 parts, and talc 2 parts, which are used as inner mud; and the following raw materials are accurately weighed in parts by weight: fly ash 45 parts, potassium feldspar 10 parts, sodium feldspar 5 parts, black clay 8 parts, soda 22 parts, talc 2 parts, and waste porcelain powder 3 parts, which are used as outer mud.

[0057] S2. Preparation of clay: the above-mentioned inner and outer clay is respectively put into the corresponding feeder, and after mixing, it is introduced into the corresponding ball mill. The ratio of material, ball and water is 1:2:1.2, and two drops of water glass are added as electrolyte. Ball milling is carried out for 8-10 min. The ground material is introduced into the ball mill until the particle size is 0.1-0.3 mm. The slurry is prepared, and then the slurry is deironed and sieved. The unqualified particles are filtered and returned to the ball mill for reball milling until qualified. The qualified slurry is introduced into the corresponding slurry pool for slurry mixing and aging. After drying, the slurry is dried by spray drying. The drying air is obtained from the roller kiln exhaust gas, which realizes energy saving and capacity recovery. The slurry is dried into apple-shaped particles with a particle size of 0.5-2 mm. The fine powder with a diameter of less than 0.5 mm is not more than 3%. The powder containing about 7% water is introduced into the corresponding powder bin for storage for at least 48 min. After aging, the inner and outer clay is respectively discharged for use;

[0058] S3. Preparation of porcelain embryo: the inner and outer clay prepared above is respectively placed in the corresponding clay mill for repeated clay refining. After the clay refining is completed, the inner and outer clay is respectively quantitatively divided. First, the outer clay is placed in the mold for pressing. After pressing, the inner clay is evenly added to the surface of the outer clay and transferred to the corresponding mold for pressing. After pressing, the outer clay is evenly added to the surface of the inner clay and transferred to the corresponding mold for final pressing to obtain the green body. The green body is then transferred to the roller drying kiln for drying, dehydration to a water content of less than 0.5%, and edge trimming to remove excess edge material to obtain the porcelain embryo;

[0059] S4. Preparation of embryo glaze: the following raw materials are accurately weighed by weight parts: quartz 40 parts, high-quality kaolin 10 parts, wollastonite 18 parts, waste porcelain powder 12 parts, potassium feldspar 6 parts, sodium feldspar 2 parts, calcined talc 3 parts, and zirconium iron red agent 2 parts as embryo glaze. The embryo glaze powder is prepared according to the same process in step S2 and stored in the powder bin. After aging, the embryo glaze is obtained;

[0060] S5. Glaze application to porcelain embryo: the embryo glaze prepared above is evenly sprayed on the surface of the porcelain embryo by high-pressure glaze spraying gun to obtain the glazed porcelain embryo;

[0061] S6. Rubber roller printing: the previously designed pattern is engraved on the circular rubber roller. Through precise rotation and speed control, the glazed porcelain embryo passing from the bottom is printed one by one to obtain the to-be-fired porcelain embryo;

[0062] S7. The porcelain is fired in a roller kiln, which is clean and environmentally friendly, and has low energy consumption. The roller kiln is composed of a plurality of parallel roller bars. The porcelain is carried by the roller bars to the roller kiln, and then is fired by burners on the upper and lower sides of the roller kiln. The fuel is fully combusted with the help of combustion air and atomizing air, so that different temperature environments are formed in the kiln. The porcelain is sequentially moved through a preheating zone, a firing zone and a cooling zone. The preheating zone can raise the temperature of the porcelain from room temperature to 300 DEG C, so that the organic matter is volatilized, the crystal water is discharged, the crystal type is changed, and the carbonates and sulfates are decomposed. The firing zone includes a low-temperature firing zone and a high-temperature firing zone. The low-temperature firing zone can raise the temperature of the porcelain from 300 DEG C to 1000 DEG C. The high-temperature firing zone can raise the temperature of the porcelain from 1000 DEG C to 1230 DEG C. The cooling zone includes a rapid cooling section, a slow cooling section and a low-temperature cooling section. The rapid cooling section can lower the temperature of the porcelain from 1230 DEG C to 600 DEG C. The slow cooling section can lower the temperature of the porcelain from 600 DEG C to 120 DEG C. The low-temperature cooling section can lower the temperature of the porcelain from 120 DEG C to room temperature. The porcelain is not deformed or cracked, and a finished ceramic art product is obtained. Embodiment

[0063] A ceramic art product includes a porcelain body and a body glaze applied to the surface of the porcelain body. The porcelain body is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: fly ash 50 parts, potassium feldspar 20 parts, sodium feldspar 5 parts, black clay 9 parts, soda 25 parts, talc 2 parts, and waste porcelain powder 3 parts.

[0064] The body glaze is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: quartz 40 parts, high-quality kaolin 10 parts, wollastonite 18 parts, waste porcelain powder 12 parts, potassium feldspar 6 parts, sodium feldspar 2 parts, calcined talc 3 parts, and zirconium iron red agent 2 parts.

[0065] A method for preparing a ceramic art product includes the following specific steps:

[0066] S1. The mud is proportioned. The following raw materials are accurately weighed in parts by weight: fly ash 50 parts, potassium feldspar 20 parts, sodium feldspar 5 parts, black clay 9 parts, soda 25 parts, and talc 2 parts, which are used as inner mud; and the following raw materials are accurately weighed in parts by weight: fly ash 50 parts, potassium feldspar 20 parts, sodium feldspar 5 parts, black clay 9 parts, soda 25 parts, talc 2 parts, and waste porcelain powder 3 parts, which are used as outer mud.

[0067] S2. Preparation of clay: the above-mentioned inner and outer clay is respectively put into the corresponding feeder, and after mixing, it is introduced into the corresponding ball mill. The ratio of material, ball and water is 1:2:1.2, and two drops of water glass are added as electrolyte. Ball milling is carried out for 8-10 minutes. The introduced material is ground to a fineness of 0.1-0.3mm in diameter, and the corresponding slurry is prepared. The prepared slurry is deironed, sieved, and unqualified particles are filtered and returned to the ball mill for reball milling until qualified. The qualified slurry is introduced into the corresponding slurry pool for slurry mixing and aging, and then introduced into the corresponding drying section for spray drying. The drying air is obtained from the roller kiln exhaust gas, which realizes energy saving and capacity recovery. The corresponding slurry is dried into apple-shaped particles with a diameter of 0.5-2mm, and the fine powder with a diameter of less than 0.5mm is not more than 3%. The powder containing about 7% water is introduced into the corresponding powder bin for storage for at least 48 minutes for aging, and then discharged correspondingly to prepare the corresponding inner and outer clay for standby use;

[0068] S3. Preparation of porcelain embryo: the prepared inner and outer clay is respectively placed in the corresponding clay mill for repeated clay refining. After the clay refining is completed, the inner and outer clay is respectively quantitatively divided. First, the outer clay is placed in the mold for pressing. After pressing, the inner clay is evenly added to the surface of the outer clay and transferred to the corresponding mold for pressing. After pressing, the outer clay is evenly added to the surface of the inner clay and transferred to the corresponding mold for final pressing to prepare the green body. Then, the green body is transferred to the roller drying kiln for drying, dehydration to a water content of less than 0.5%, and edge trimming to remove excess edge material to prepare the porcelain embryo;

[0069] S4. Preparation of embryo glaze: the following raw materials are accurately weighed by weight parts: quartz 40 parts, high-quality kaolin 10 parts, wollastonite 18 parts, waste porcelain powder 12 parts, potassium feldspar 6 parts, sodium feldspar 2 parts, calcined talc 3 parts, and zirconium iron red agent 2 parts as embryo glaze. The embryo glaze powder prepared by the same process in step S2 is stored in the powder bin for storage and aging to prepare the embryo glaze;

[0070] S5. Glazing of porcelain embryo: the prepared embryo glaze is evenly sprayed on the surface of the porcelain embryo by high-pressure glaze spraying gun to prepare the glazed porcelain embryo;

[0071] S6. Rubber roller printing: the previously designed pattern is engraved on the circular rubber roller, and the glazed porcelain embryo passing from the bottom is rolled and printed by precise rotation and speed control of the large rubber roller to prepare the to-be-fired porcelain embryo;

[0072] S7. The porcelain is fired in a roller kiln, which is low in energy consumption and clean in fuel, and is composed of a plurality of parallel arranged roller bars. The porcelain body is carried by the roller bars to the roller kiln, and is fired by the burners on the upper and lower sides. The fuel is fully combusted with the help of combustion air and atomizing air, so that different temperature environments are formed in the kiln. The porcelain body is sequentially passed through a preheating zone, a firing zone and a cooling zone. The preheating zone can raise the temperature of the porcelain body from room temperature to 300 DEG C, so that the organic matter is volatilized, the crystal water is discharged, the crystal form is changed, and the carbonates and sulfates are decomposed. The firing zone includes a low-temperature firing zone and a high-temperature firing zone. The low-temperature firing zone can raise the temperature of the porcelain body from 300 DEG C to 1000 DEG C. The high-temperature firing zone can raise the temperature of the porcelain body from 1000 DEG C to 1230 DEG C. The cooling zone includes a rapid cooling section, a slow cooling section and a low-temperature cooling section. The rapid cooling section can lower the temperature of the porcelain body from 1230 DEG C to 600 DEG C. The slow cooling section can lower the temperature of the porcelain body from 600 DEG C to 120 DEG C. The low-temperature cooling section can lower the temperature of the porcelain body from 120 DEG C to room temperature. The deformation and cracking of the porcelain body are avoided, and the finished ceramic artware is obtained.

[0073] Comparative Examples 1-4

[0074] Compared with Example 1:

[0075] Comparative Example 1: The composition and weight ratio of the porcelain body glaze are as follows: potassium feldspar 35 parts, calcium carbonate 2.5 parts, barium carbonate 6 parts, calcined talc 2.5 parts, air knife clay 4 parts, zinc oxide 2 parts, wollastonite 10 parts, calcined clay 15 parts, transparent frit 20 parts, and spodumene 2 parts.

[0076] Comparative Example 2: The composition and weight ratio of the porcelain body glaze are as follows: quartz 50 parts, high-quality kaolin 10 parts, wollastonite 10 parts, waste porcelain powder 12 parts, potassium feldspar 6 parts, sodium feldspar 3 parts, calcined talc 3 parts, and zirconium iron red agent 1 part.

[0077] Comparative Example 3: The composition and weight ratio of the inner and outer clay of the porcelain body are as follows: fly ash 45 parts, potassium feldspar 10 parts, sodium feldspar 5 parts, black clay 8 parts, soda 22 parts, talc 2 parts, and waste porcelain powder 3 parts.

[0078] Comparative Example 4: The composition and weight ratio of the inner and outer clay of the porcelain body are as follows: fly ash 45 parts, potassium feldspar 10 parts, sodium feldspar 5 parts, black clay 8 parts, and soda 22 parts.

[0079] Performance test

[0080] The ceramic artware prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4 is tested for wear resistance, water absorption, drop resistance, thermal stability, gloss and wall adsorption, and the test results are shown in Table 1. Figure 2

[0081] ​1. Abrasion resistance test: The abrasion resistance of ceramic product fragments is tested using an abrasion tester. Five ceramic art product fragments are placed on the fragments with a certain particle size distribution of grinding steel balls, 80 white corundum, and a certain amount of deionized water or distilled water. The fragments are rotated at a specified speed. The abraded ceramic art fragments are compared with the un-abraded ceramic art fragments. The abrasion resistance of the ceramic art product is evaluated by the number of revolutions at which the abrasion begins. The average of the abrasion resistance test results of the five ceramic art product fragments is obtained, which is the abrasion resistance test result of the ceramic art product. The higher the number of revolutions at which the abrasion begins, the better the abrasion resistance.

[0082] 2. Water absorption test: Five ceramic art product fragments are washed and dried, and their weights are measured. The ceramic art product fragments are then separated and placed in distilled water. The water is boiled for 3 hours, with the water level kept above the ceramic art product fragments by more than 10 mm. The ceramic art product fragments are then removed, and the water adhering to their surfaces is wiped off with a water-saturated cloth. The weights of the ceramic art product fragments are then measured again. The water absorption of each ceramic art product fragment is calculated using a formula. The average water absorption of the five ceramic art product fragments is calculated, which is the water absorption of the ceramic art product. The lower the water absorption, the better the uniformity and density of the ceramic art product, and the fewer the pinholes.

[0083] 3. Drop resistance test: Nine ceramic art product samples are taken and labeled in groups of three. The samples are then dropped from different heights to observe whether they break, testing the structural toughness and drop resistance.

[0084] 4. Thermal stability test: Five ceramic art product fragments are placed in a 280°C environment for 30 minutes. After the heat treatment, the ceramic art product fragments are quickly immersed in water at 20°C for 10 minutes. The ratio of the weight of the water to the weight of the ceramic art product fragments is 8:1, and the water level is 25 mm above the ceramic art product fragments. The ceramic art product fragments are then dried with a cloth and painted with red ink to check for cracks. The test is repeated after 24 hours to check for cracks, which indicates the thermal stability of the ceramic art product.

[0085] 5. Glossiness test: The glossiness of the glaze is tested using an intelligent glossiness tester according to the GB / T3295-1996 ceramic art product 45° mirror glossiness test method. According to the test results, a glossiness greater than 57 indicates a bright glaze, a glossiness between 43 and 48 indicates a semi-gloss, and a glossiness less than 40 indicates a matte glaze.

[0086] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely exemplary of the principles and application of the present application. Numerous modifications and adaptions can be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, which is not limited to the exact construction and arrangement described. It is intended, therefore, to cover all modifications and adaptions that fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method of making a ceramic artware article, characterized by, The specific steps include: S1. Mud proportioning: accurately weigh the following raw materials by weight parts, fly ash 40-50 parts, potassium feldspar 10-20 parts, sodium feldspar 5-10 parts, black mud 8-10 parts, soda 20-25 parts, talc 1-3 parts, as inner mud; accurately weigh the following raw materials by weight parts, fly ash 40-50 parts, potassium feldspar 10-20 parts, sodium feldspar 5-10 parts, black mud 8-10 parts, soda 20-25 parts, talc 1-3 parts, waste porcelain powder 3-5 parts, as outer mud; S2. Preparation of mud: the inner mud and outer mud are respectively put into the corresponding feeders, mixed and then introduced into the corresponding ball mill, the ratio of material, ball and water is 1:2:1.2, and two drops of water glass are added as electrolyte, ball milling is carried out, the grinding time is 8-10 min, the particle diameter of the introduced material is ground to 0.1-0.3 mm, the corresponding slurry is prepared, the prepared slurry is deironed, and then sieved, the unqualified particles are filtered and returned to the ball mill for regrinding until qualified, the qualified slurry is introduced into the corresponding slurry pool, and then homogenized and aged, and then introduced into the corresponding drying section for spray drying, so that the corresponding slurry is dried into apple-shaped particles with a particle diameter of 0.5-2 mm, the fine powder with a diameter of less than 0.5 mm is not more than 3%, and the water content of the powder is about 7%, then the powder is introduced into the corresponding powder bin for storage, the storage time is at least 48 min, and then the powder is aged again and introduced out respectively to prepare the corresponding inner mud and outer mud for standby; S3. Preparation of porcelain embryo: the inner mud and outer mud prepared above are respectively placed in the corresponding mud mill for repeated mud refining, and then quantitatively divided after mud refining, then the outer mud is first placed in the mold for pressing, and then the inner mud is evenly added to the surface of the pressed outer mud and transferred into the corresponding mold for pressing, then the pressed embryo is introduced into the corresponding pressure dividing mold for secondary pressing, then the embryo is taken out, the outer mud is evenly added to the outer surface of the inner mud, and then the embryo is transferred into the corresponding mold for final pressing to prepare a green embryo, and then the green embryo is transferred into a roller drying kiln for drying, dehydration to a water content of less than 0.5%, and edge trimming to remove excess edge material to prepare a porcelain embryo; S4. Preparation of embryo glaze: accurately weigh the following raw materials by weight parts, quartz 40-60 parts, high-quality kaolin 10-15 parts, wollastonite 18-20 parts, waste porcelain powder 10-15 parts, potassium feldspar 6-10 parts, sodium feldspar 3-5 parts, calcined talc 3-5 parts, and zirconium iron red agent 1-2 parts, as embryo glaze; and the embryo glaze powder prepared by the same process in step S2 is stored in the powder bin for storage, and then the embryo glaze is prepared after aging; S5. Glazing of porcelain embryo: the embryo glaze prepared above is evenly sprayed on the surface of the porcelain embryo by a high-pressure glaze spraying gun to prepare a glazed porcelain embryo; S6. Rubber roller printing: the previously designed pattern is engraved on a circular rubber roller, and the glazed porcelain embryo passing from the bottom is printed by rolling and speed control of the large rubber roller to prepare a porcelain embryo to be fired; S7. The porcelain is fired by a roller kiln, which is composed of a plurality of parallel arranged roller bars. The porcelain is carried by the roller bars to the roller kiln, and then is fired by the burners on the upper and lower sides of the roller kiln. The fuel is fully combusted with the help of the combustion air and atomizing air, so that different temperature environments are formed in the kiln. The porcelain is sequentially passed through the preheating zone, the firing zone and the cooling zone. The preheating zone can raise the temperature of the porcelain from room temperature to 300 DEG C. The firing zone includes a low temperature firing zone and a high temperature firing zone. The low temperature firing zone can raise the temperature of the porcelain from 300 DEG C to 1000 DEG C. The high temperature firing zone can raise the temperature of the porcelain from 1000 DEG C to 1230 DEG C. The cooling zone includes a rapid cooling section, a slow cooling section and a low temperature cooling section. The rapid cooling section can lower the temperature of the porcelain from 1230 DEG C to 600 DEG C. The slow cooling section can lower the temperature of the porcelain from 600 DEG C to 120 DEG C. The low temperature cooling section can lower the temperature of the porcelain from 120 DEG C to room temperature. Finally, the finished ceramic artware is obtained.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: The inner clay raw material in the step S1 is accurately weighed as follows: 45 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of potassium feldspar, 5 parts of sodium feldspar, 8 parts of black clay, 22 parts of soda, and 2 parts of talc.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein: The green glaze raw material in the step S4 is accurately weighed as follows: 50 parts of quartz, 10 parts of high-quality kaolin, 20 parts of wollastonite, 12 parts of waste porcelain powder, 6 parts of potassium feldspar, 3 parts of sodium feldspar, 3 parts of calcined talc, and 1 part of zirconium iron red agent.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein: In the drying method in the step S2, the slurry is sprayed into the drying chamber by using a plunger pump, and the spraying mode is mist spraying. Then, the slurry is dried by hot air exchange in the drying chamber.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein: The outer clay pressing process in the step S3 includes light pressing and air exhausting, and the inner clay pressing process is light pressing and air exhausting.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein: The spraying area of the high-pressure glaze spraying gun in the step S5 is a strip-shaped area.

7. A ceramic artware comprising a porcelain body and a body glaze applied to the surface of the porcelain body, characterized in that: The ceramic artware is prepared by the method in claim 1.

8. The ceramic art object of claim 7, wherein: The content of SiO2 and Al2O3 in the fly ash is more than 80 wt%, and a small amount of Fe2O3, MgO and CaO is contained.

9. The ceramic art of claim 7, wherein: The porcelain is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 45 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of potassium feldspar, 5 parts of sodium feldspar, 8 parts of black clay, 22 parts of soda, 2 parts of talc, and 3 parts of waste porcelain powder.

10. The ceramic art of claim 7, wherein: The green glaze is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 50 parts of quartz, 10 parts of high-quality kaolin, 20 parts of wollastonite, 12 parts of waste porcelain powder, 6 parts of potassium feldspar, 3 parts of sodium feldspar, 3 parts of calcined talc, and 1 part of zirconium iron red agent.

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