An automatic adjustment method and system for electrostatic precipitators

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of electrostatic precipitator technology. It provides an automatic adjustment method and system for an electrostatic precipitator, which precisely controls dust emissions by real-time monitoring of the boiler's total airflow and the dust concentration in the raw flue gas. The system automatically adjusts the electric field output based on the monitoring data and utilizes a feedback mechanism to ensure that dust emissions meet set values. Furthermore, the system also features oxygen correction and special operating condition handling capabilities. This invention improves the intelligence and accuracy of dust control, achieves energy conservation and environmental protection, reduces equipment wear, meets environmental standards, and solves the problem of coal-fired power plants being unable to achieve precise intelligent control of dust levels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrostatic dust removal technology, and in particular to an automatic adjustment method and system for electrostatic dust collectors. Background Technology

[0002] Dust generated by coal-fired power plants is one of the air pollutants. Currently, power plants widely use electrostatic precipitators to control dust emissions. However, due to real-time changes in factors such as unit load, coal quality, and furnace air volume, the dust concentration, particle size, and flue gas velocity in the flue gas also change accordingly. This type of electrostatic precipitator has a single control method and cannot accurately control dust emissions in real time by tracking the unit load. Often, in order to meet environmental protection requirements, many electrostatic precipitators are put into operation, and the operating voltage of the precipitator cannot be adjusted online, resulting in low dust emission control and poor economic efficiency of electrostatic precipitator operation. The energy consumption of electrostatic precipitators is increasingly attracting attention.

[0003] In actual power plant scenarios, for example, when a power plant electrostatic precipitator has four electric fields, with four insulators on each side A and B of each electric field, and a total of 32 insulators per unit, the first and second electric fields operate on frequency conversion and have monitoring and energy-saving modes, while the third and fourth electric fields operate on power frequency and cannot be automatically adjusted. When the units are running normally, in order to meet environmental protection requirements, the first and second electric fields can only manually select the frequency conversion operation mode, while the third and fourth electric fields can only adjust the dust volume by manually starting and stopping the electric fields. Under such circumstances, dust control is difficult and uneconomical, and coal-fired power plants cannot achieve precise intelligent control of dust volume. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automatic adjustment method and system for electrostatic precipitators, solving the problem that coal-fired power plants cannot achieve precise intelligent control of dust levels.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an automatic adjustment method for an electrostatic precipitator, comprising:

[0007] Step S101: The controller acquires the total air volume data of the boiler and the dust concentration data of the original flue gas;

[0008] Step S102: The controller calculates the dust content of the raw flue gas at the inlet of the dust collector based on the total air volume data of the boiler and the dust concentration data of the raw flue gas.

[0009] Step S103: The controller uses the calculated dust content of the original flue gas as a feedforward signal. Based on the change in the dust content of the original flue gas, the controller sends an adjustment command to the electric field output adjustment terminal to automatically increase or decrease the output of the electrostatic precipitator electric field and perform preliminary adjustment of electrostatic precipitator.

[0010] Step S104: The dust content at the dust collector outlet is continuously detected by the dust measuring device and the actual measured value is transmitted to the controller. The controller compares the actual measured dust value with the preset dust emission set value and generates a deviation signal. Based on the deviation signal, the controller sends a feedback control command to the electric field output adjustment terminal to adjust the output of the electric field so that the dust emission meets the set value.

[0011] Step S105: The controller corrects the oxygen content of the measured value at the outlet dust measuring device based on the deviation signal, obtains the oxygen content correction result, and adjusts the electric field operating voltage according to the oxygen content correction result.

[0012] Furthermore, in the automatic adjustment method for electrostatic precipitators provided by the present invention, step S101 includes:

[0013] Boiler total air volume data acquisition: Install a flow meter on the boiler's air inlet duct to measure the air flow rate through the duct.

[0014] Temperature and pressure sensors are installed on the air inlet duct to monitor air temperature and pressure in real time. Data from flow meters, temperature and pressure sensors are connected to the controller for automatic acquisition, storage and analysis of total boiler air volume data.

[0015] Raw flue gas dust concentration data acquisition: Dust sampling points are set up in the flue, and dust samplers are used to collect dust samples from the flue gas at regular intervals or continuously. An online dust concentration monitor is installed in the flue to measure the dust concentration in the flue gas in real time. The dust sampler, the online dust concentration monitor and the controller transmit the data to the controller for automatic collection, storage and analysis of raw flue gas dust concentration data.

[0016] Furthermore, in the automatic adjustment method for electrostatic precipitators provided by the present invention, step S102 includes:

[0017] Acquire real-time total boiler air volume data and raw flue gas dust concentration data. Real-time total boiler air volume data includes air volume value, air temperature and air pressure.

[0018] The total volume of flue gas passing through the dust collector inlet is calculated by using the air volume value in the real-time total boiler air volume data, combined with air temperature and air pressure.

[0019] Multiply the dust concentration of the original flue gas by the calculated total volume of flue gas passing through the dust collector inlet to obtain the total mass of dust in the original flue gas at the dust collector inlet.

[0020] Furthermore, in the automatic adjustment method for electrostatic precipitators provided by the present invention, step S103 includes:

[0021] The controller uses the calculated dust content of the raw flue gas as a feedforward signal to reflect the dust load of the raw flue gas at the dust collector inlet, and presets a threshold for the dust content.

[0022] The controller compares the real-time calculated dust content of the raw flue gas with a pre-set dust content threshold, obtains the data comparison result, and determines whether the data comparison result exceeds the set dust content threshold.

[0023] Based on the data comparison results, the controller adjusts the output of the electrostatic precipitator's electric field;

[0024] If the dust content in the original flue gas is higher than the preset dust content threshold, the controller will generate a command to increase the electric field output to improve dust removal efficiency.

[0025] If the dust content in the original flue gas is lower than the preset dust content threshold, the controller will generate a command to reduce the electric field output in order to save energy and reduce equipment wear.

[0026] The adjustment commands include increasing or decreasing the electric field voltage parameters, current parameters, and operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator electric field, which are used to change the strength of the electric field.

[0027] Furthermore, in the automatic adjustment method for electrostatic precipitators provided by the present invention, step S104 includes:

[0028] The controller receives the actual dust measurement value transmitted from the outlet dust measuring device.

[0029] The controller compares this actual measurement value with the preset dust emission setpoint and calculates the deviation signal, which reflects the difference between the current dust emission and the setpoint.

[0030] Based on the positive or negative value of the deviation signal, it is determined whether the current dust emission is higher or lower than the set value. A positive value indicates that the actual emission is higher than the set value, while a negative value indicates that it is lower than the set value.

[0031] If the deviation signal is positive, the current dust emission is higher than the preset dust emission value, and the controller increases the electric field output.

[0032] If the deviation signal is negative, the current dust emission is lower than the preset dust emission value, and the controller reduces the electric field output.

[0033] Furthermore, in the automatic adjustment method for electrostatic precipitators provided by the present invention, step S105 includes:

[0034] When the dust emission is low and the electrostatic precipitator loses its adjustment function, the controller sends a command to the insulator shutdown control terminal. The insulator shutdown control terminal shuts down the insulators of the first electric field, the second electric field, and the third electric field in sequence until all the insulators of the first electric field, the second electric field, and the third electric field are shut down. The insulators of the fourth electric field are kept running for ash removal and electrostatic precipitator operation.

[0035] If the dust emission is still lower than the preset value, the voltage will be reduced to restore the frequency conversion regulation function of the insulators of the first and second electric fields.

[0036] Secondly, the present invention provides an automatic adjustment system for an electrostatic precipitator, which applies the automatic adjustment method for an electrostatic precipitator as described above, including: a controller terminal, a boiler total air volume measurement terminal, a raw flue gas dust concentration measurement terminal, an outlet dust measurement device terminal, an electric field output adjustment terminal, an oxygen correction terminal, an electric field working voltage adjustment terminal, an insulator shutdown control terminal, and a voltage reduction operation control terminal.

[0037] Boiler total air volume measurement terminal: measures the total air volume of the boiler and transmits the data to the controller terminal;

[0038] Raw flue gas dust concentration measurement terminal: measures the raw flue gas dust concentration and transmits the data to the controller terminal;

[0039] Controller end: Receives data from the boiler total air volume measurement end and the raw flue gas dust concentration measurement end. Calculates the raw flue gas dust content at the dust collector inlet based on the received data. Uses the raw flue gas dust content as a feedforward signal and sends adjustment commands to the electric field output adjustment end based on content changes. Receives the actual dust measurement value from the outlet dust measurement device end.

[0040] The actual measured dust value is compared with the set value to generate a deviation signal. Based on the deviation signal, a feedback control command is sent to the electric field output adjustment terminal. When the electric field working voltage needs to be adjusted, a command is sent to the electric field working voltage adjustment terminal to adjust the electric field working voltage. When the insulator is shut down, a command is sent to the insulator shutdown control terminal to shut down the third electric field insulator. When the dust emission is lower than the preset value, a command is sent to the voltage reduction operation control terminal to perform voltage reduction operation.

[0041] Dust measuring device at the outlet: detects the dust content at the dust collector outlet and transmits the actual dust measurement value to the controller.

[0042] Electric field output adjustment end: Receives adjustment commands from the controller end and automatically increases or decreases the output of the electrostatic precipitator electric field according to the commands;

[0043] Oxygen calibration terminal: Receives the measured value from the outlet dust measuring device, performs oxygen calibration on the measured value to ensure accuracy, and transmits the calibrated data to the controller.

[0044] Electric field operating voltage adjustment terminal: Receives instructions from the controller terminal and adjusts the operating voltage of the four electric fields according to the instructions;

[0045] Insulator shutdown control terminal: Receives shutdown command from controller terminal, and shuts down the insulators of the third electric field in sequence, until the first electric field, second electric field, and third electric field are shut down;

[0046] The step-down operation control terminal receives step-down operation commands from the controller and performs step-down operation according to the commands, so that the first electric field and the second electric field can resume frequency conversion regulation function.

[0047] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention realizes intelligent control of electrostatic precipitators, which can track changes in unit load in real time and accurately control dust emissions. It solves the problem of traditional electrostatic precipitators having a single control method and being unable to adjust in real time, and significantly improves dust removal efficiency and the intelligence level of the entire system.

[0048] This invention improves dust removal efficiency under various operating conditions by monitoring and automatically adjusting the output of the electrostatic precipitator's electric field in real time. Simultaneously, when the dust content is low, the system automatically reduces the electric field output, thereby saving energy, reducing equipment wear, and lowering operating costs.

[0049] Furthermore, this invention meets environmental protection requirements by continuously monitoring and ensuring that dust emissions remain within the limits stipulated by environmental regulations. For special operating conditions, such as extremely low dust emissions or when the electrostatic precipitator loses its regulating function, this invention also provides effective solutions to ensure stable system operation and compliance with environmental standards.

[0050] Finally, through intelligent data acquisition, calculation and analysis, combined with feedforward control and feedback control mechanisms, this invention not only improves dust removal efficiency but also enhances system stability, bringing higher economic and environmental benefits to coal-fired power plants. Attached Figure Description

[0051] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic adjustment method for an electrostatic precipitator provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic adjustment method system for an electrostatic precipitator provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. The technical solutions provided by various embodiments of this invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] To better understand the purpose of this invention, the invention will now be described in further detail.

[0056] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an automatic adjustment method for an electrostatic precipitator, comprising:

[0057] Step S101: The controller acquires the total air volume data of the boiler and the dust concentration data of the original flue gas;

[0058] Step S101: The controller acquires the total boiler air volume and raw flue gas dust concentration data. This is achieved by installing relevant sensors on the boiler air inlet duct to monitor and record data in real time. Simultaneously, dust sampling points are set up in the flue, and data is collected using dust samplers and online dust concentration monitors.

[0059] Step S102: The controller calculates the dust content of the raw flue gas at the inlet of the dust collector based on the total air volume data of the boiler and the dust concentration data of the raw flue gas.

[0060] The controller needs to acquire real-time total boiler air volume data, including air volume, air temperature, and air pressure. This data is monitored and recorded in real time by flow meters, temperature sensors, and pressure sensors installed on the boiler's air inlet duct. Simultaneously, the controller also needs to acquire raw flue gas dust concentration data, which is obtained through dust sampling points in the flue and online dust concentration monitoring instruments.

[0061] The controller performs calculations. First, it uses air volume, air temperature, and air pressure to calculate the total volume of flue gas passing through the dust collector inlet. The calculation can use the ideal gas equation to take into account the effects of temperature and pressure on the gas volume.

[0062] The controller multiplies the dust concentration of the original flue gas by the calculated total volume of the flue gas to obtain the total mass of dust in the original flue gas at the dust collector inlet. This calculation step is based on the principle of mass conservation, that is, the mass of dust is equal to the product of dust concentration and flue gas volume.

[0063] The calculation controller can accurately determine the dust content of the raw flue gas at the dust collector inlet, providing an important basis for subsequent electrostatic precipitator adjustment.

[0064] Step S103: The controller uses the calculated dust content of the original flue gas as a feedforward signal. Based on the change in the dust content of the original flue gas, the controller sends an adjustment command to the electric field output adjustment terminal to automatically increase or decrease the output of the electrostatic precipitator electric field and perform preliminary adjustment of electrostatic precipitator.

[0065] Use of feedforward signals: The controller first uses the calculated dust content of the raw flue gas as a feedforward signal. This feedforward signal is actually a predictive or leading indicator, reflecting the dust load of the raw flue gas at the dust collector inlet. By monitoring this signal in real time, the controller can anticipate the changing trend of the dust content and thus take corresponding adjustments in advance.

[0066] Setting dust content thresholds: To determine when adjustments are needed, one or more dust content thresholds are preset in the control system. These thresholds are set based on the electrostatic precipitator's design performance, emission standards, and operating experience, and represent the optimal operating point of the electrostatic precipitator under different dust loads.

[0067] Comparison and Judgment: The controller compares the calculated dust content of the raw flue gas with a preset threshold in real time. If the dust content of the raw flue gas is higher than the preset threshold, it indicates that the current dust load is heavy, and it may be necessary to increase the output of the electrostatic precipitator field to improve dust removal efficiency; conversely, if the dust content of the raw flue gas is lower than the preset threshold, it indicates that the current dust load is light, and it may be possible to reduce the output of the electric field to save energy and reduce equipment wear.

[0068] Sending adjustment commands: Based on the comparison results, the controller sends corresponding adjustment commands to the electric field output adjustment terminal. These commands may include increasing or decreasing operating parameters such as voltage and current of the electric field to change the strength of the electric field, thereby achieving automatic adjustment of the output of the electrostatic precipitator's electric field. This adjustment is dynamic, meaning it is adjusted in real time according to changes in the dust content of the original flue gas.

[0069] Preliminary Adjustment: The adjustment in step 103 is considered preliminary adjustment because it is primarily a pre-adjustment based on the feedforward signal. In actual operation, this preliminary adjustment will be combined with other control strategies (such as feedback control) to achieve more precise and stable dust emission control.

[0070] Step S104: The dust content at the dust collector outlet is continuously detected by the dust measuring device and the actual measured value is transmitted to the controller. The controller compares the actual measured dust value with the preset dust emission set value and generates a deviation signal. Based on the deviation signal, the controller sends a feedback control command to the electric field output adjustment terminal to adjust the output of the electric field so that the dust emission meets the set value.

[0071] Continuous monitoring: The dust measurement device at the outlet continuously monitors the dust content at the dust collector outlet. Typically installed at the dust collector outlet, the device measures the dust concentration in the exhaust gas in real time and transmits the measured dust content data to the controller.

[0072] Comparison and generation of deviation signals: The controller has a preset dust emission setpoint, which is set according to environmental regulations, process requirements, or company standards. The controller compares the received actual measurement value with this setpoint and calculates the deviation between the two. This deviation is called the deviation signal.

[0073] Feedback control commands: Based on the generated deviation signal, the controller will formulate corresponding feedback control commands. If the actual measured dust content is higher than the set value, the controller will send a command to increase the output of the electric field to improve dust removal efficiency; conversely, if the actual measured dust content is lower than the set value, the controller will send a command to reduce the output of the electric field to save energy and reduce equipment wear.

[0074] Adjusting the electric field output: After receiving the feedback control command from the controller, the electric field output adjustment terminal will adjust the operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator electric field accordingly, such as voltage and current, thereby changing the intensity of the electric field to achieve the purpose of adjusting the dust emission.

[0075] Meets preset values: Through the above feedback control process, the controller can dynamically adjust the operating status of the electrostatic precipitator to ensure that dust emissions meet the preset values ​​as closely as possible. This not only helps companies comply with environmental regulations but also improves production efficiency and reduces operating costs.

[0076] Step S105: The controller corrects the oxygen content of the measured value at the outlet dust measuring device based on the deviation signal, obtains the oxygen content correction result, and adjusts the electric field operating voltage according to the oxygen content correction result.

[0077] In actual operation, the oxygen content in the flue gas affects the combustion of dust and the effectiveness of electrostatic precipitators. Changes in oxygen levels can cause discrepancies between the dust concentration values ​​measured by dust measuring devices and the actual values. Therefore, oxygen calibration is necessary to improve the accuracy of measurement and control.

[0078] The controller corrects the measured value at the outlet dust measuring device based on the deviation signal (i.e., the deviation between the actual dust emission and the set value) and the oxygen content data in the flue gas. This typically involves using a pre-defined algorithm or lookup table to adjust the dust measurement value according to the actual oxygen reading.

[0079] After oxygen level correction, the controller obtains a more accurate dust concentration value, which is closer to the actual dust emission. Based on the oxygen-corrected dust concentration value, the controller further adjusts the operating voltage of the electrostatic precipitator field. If the corrected dust concentration is higher than expected, the controller may increase the operating voltage of the field to enhance the dust removal effect; conversely, if the dust concentration is lower than expected, it may decrease the operating voltage to save energy and reduce equipment wear and tear.

[0080] By continuously adjusting oxygen levels and voltage, the controller can achieve a dynamic balance between energy consumption and equipment lifespan while ensuring dust removal efficiency. This refined control strategy helps improve the overall performance and economic benefits of electrostatic precipitators.

[0081] Specifically, the automatic adjustment method for electrostatic precipitators provided by the present invention includes step S101, which comprises:

[0082] Boiler total air volume data acquisition: Install a flow meter on the boiler's air inlet duct to measure the air flow rate through the duct.

[0083] Temperature and pressure sensors are installed on the air inlet duct to monitor air temperature and pressure in real time. Data from flow meters, temperature and pressure sensors are connected to the controller for automatic acquisition, storage and analysis of total boiler air volume data.

[0084] Raw flue gas dust concentration data acquisition: Dust sampling points are set up in the flue, and dust samplers are used to collect dust samples from the flue gas at regular intervals or continuously. An online dust concentration monitor is installed in the flue to measure the dust concentration in the flue gas in real time. The dust sampler, the online dust concentration monitor and the controller transmit the data to the controller for automatic collection, storage and analysis of raw flue gas dust concentration data.

[0085] Specifically, the automatic adjustment method for electrostatic precipitators provided by the present invention includes step S102, which comprises:

[0086] Acquire real-time total boiler air volume data and raw flue gas dust concentration data. Real-time total boiler air volume data includes air volume value, air temperature and air pressure.

[0087] The total volume of flue gas passing through the dust collector inlet is calculated by using the air volume value in the real-time total boiler air volume data, combined with air temperature and air pressure.

[0088] Multiply the dust concentration of the original flue gas by the calculated total volume of flue gas passing through the dust collector inlet to obtain the total mass of dust in the original flue gas at the dust collector inlet.

[0089] Specifically, the automatic adjustment method for electrostatic precipitators provided by the present invention includes step S103, which comprises:

[0090] The controller uses the calculated dust content of the raw flue gas as a feedforward signal to reflect the dust load of the raw flue gas at the dust collector inlet, and presets a threshold for the dust content.

[0091] The controller compares the real-time calculated dust content of the raw flue gas with a pre-set dust content threshold, obtains the data comparison result, and determines whether the data comparison result exceeds the set dust content threshold.

[0092] Based on the data comparison results, the controller adjusts the output of the electrostatic precipitator's electric field;

[0093] If the dust content in the original flue gas is higher than the preset dust content threshold, the controller will generate a command to increase the electric field output to improve dust removal efficiency.

[0094] If the dust content in the original flue gas is lower than the preset dust content threshold, the controller will generate a command to reduce the electric field output in order to save energy and reduce equipment wear.

[0095] The adjustment commands include increasing or decreasing the electric field voltage parameters, current parameters, and operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator electric field, which are used to change the strength of the electric field.

[0096] Specifically, the automatic adjustment method for electrostatic precipitators provided by the present invention includes step S104, which comprises:

[0097] The controller receives the actual dust measurement value transmitted from the outlet dust measuring device.

[0098] The controller compares this actual measurement value with the preset dust emission setpoint and calculates the deviation signal, which reflects the difference between the current dust emission and the setpoint.

[0099] Based on the positive or negative value of the deviation signal, it is determined whether the current dust emission is higher or lower than the set value. A positive value indicates that the actual emission is higher than the set value, while a negative value indicates that it is lower than the set value.

[0100] If the deviation signal is positive, the current dust emission is higher than the preset dust emission value, and the controller increases the electric field output.

[0101] If the deviation signal is negative, the current dust emission is lower than the preset dust emission value, and the controller reduces the electric field output.

[0102] Specifically, the automatic adjustment method for electrostatic precipitators provided by the present invention includes step S105, which comprises:

[0103] When the dust emission is low and the electrostatic precipitator loses its adjustment function, the controller sends a command to the insulator shutdown control terminal. The insulator shutdown control terminal shuts down the insulators of the first electric field, the second electric field, and the third electric field in sequence until all the insulators of the first electric field, the second electric field, and the third electric field are shut down. The insulators of the fourth electric field are kept running for ash removal and electrostatic precipitator operation.

[0104] If the dust emission is still lower than the preset value, the voltage will be reduced to restore the frequency conversion regulation function of the insulators of the first and second electric fields.

[0105] Secondly, the present invention provides an automatic adjustment system for an electrostatic precipitator, which applies the automatic adjustment method for an electrostatic precipitator as described above, including: a controller terminal, a boiler total air volume measurement terminal, a raw flue gas dust concentration measurement terminal, an outlet dust measurement device terminal, an electric field output adjustment terminal, an oxygen correction terminal, an electric field working voltage adjustment terminal, an insulator shutdown control terminal, and a voltage reduction operation control terminal.

[0106] Boiler total air volume measurement terminal: measures the total air volume of the boiler and transmits the data to the controller terminal;

[0107] Raw flue gas dust concentration measurement terminal: measures the raw flue gas dust concentration and transmits the data to the controller terminal;

[0108] Controller end: Receives data from the boiler total air volume measurement end and the raw flue gas dust concentration measurement end. Calculates the raw flue gas dust content at the dust collector inlet based on the received data. Uses the raw flue gas dust content as a feedforward signal and sends adjustment commands to the electric field output adjustment end based on content changes. Receives the actual dust measurement value from the outlet dust measurement device end.

[0109] The actual measured dust value is compared with the set value to generate a deviation signal. Based on the deviation signal, a feedback control command is sent to the electric field output adjustment terminal. When the electric field working voltage needs to be adjusted, a command is sent to the electric field working voltage adjustment terminal to adjust the electric field working voltage. When the insulator is shut down, a command is sent to the insulator shutdown control terminal to shut down the third electric field insulator. When the dust emission is lower than the preset value, a command is sent to the voltage reduction operation control terminal to perform voltage reduction operation.

[0110] Dust measuring device at the outlet: detects the dust content at the dust collector outlet and transmits the actual dust measurement value to the controller.

[0111] Electric field output adjustment end: Receives adjustment commands from the controller end and automatically increases or decreases the output of the electrostatic precipitator electric field according to the commands;

[0112] Oxygen calibration terminal: Receives the measured value from the outlet dust measuring device, performs oxygen calibration on the measured value to ensure accuracy, and transmits the calibrated data to the controller.

[0113] Electric field operating voltage adjustment terminal: Receives instructions from the controller terminal and adjusts the operating voltage of the four electric fields according to the instructions;

[0114] Insulator shutdown control terminal: Receives shutdown command from controller terminal, and shuts down the insulators of the third electric field in sequence, until the first electric field, second electric field, and third electric field are shut down;

[0115] The step-down operation control terminal receives step-down operation commands from the controller and performs step-down operation according to the commands, so that the first electric field and the second electric field can resume frequency conversion regulation function.

[0116] This invention provides an automatic adjustment method and system for electrostatic precipitators, solving the problem that coal-fired power plants cannot achieve precise intelligent control of dust levels.

[0117] First, the present invention collects data on the total air volume of the boiler and the dust concentration of the raw flue gas in real time through sensors installed in the boiler air inlet duct and flue. The controller calculates the dust content of the raw flue gas at the dust collector inlet based on the collected data, and automatically adjusts the output of the electrostatic precipitator electric field according to the change of dust content. The feedforward control mechanism can adjust the electric field output in advance to improve the dust removal efficiency.

[0118] Simultaneously, the dust content at the dust collector outlet is continuously monitored by an outlet dust measuring device and compared with a preset dust emission level. The controller generates a deviation signal based on the comparison result and adjusts the electric field output accordingly to ensure the dust emission level meets the set value. This feedback control mechanism ensures that the dust emission level remains stable within the preset range.

[0119] Furthermore, this invention also considers handling special operating conditions. When dust emissions are extremely low or the electrostatic precipitator loses its regulating function, the controller can automatically shut down some electric field insulators and operate at reduced voltage to ensure stable system operation and meet environmental protection requirements.

[0120] In summary, this invention effectively solves the problem of precise intelligent dust control in coal-fired power plants by using intelligent data acquisition, calculation, and analysis, combined with feedforward and feedback control mechanisms, and the ability to flexibly handle special operating conditions. It not only improves dust removal efficiency but also reduces electric field output when dust content is low, thereby saving energy and reducing equipment wear.

[0121] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations. The above-described embodiments of this invention do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An automatic adjustment method for an electrostatic precipitator, characterized in that, include: Step S101: The controller acquires the total air volume data of the boiler and the dust concentration data of the original flue gas; Step S102: The controller calculates the dust content of the raw flue gas at the inlet of the dust collector based on the total air volume data of the boiler and the dust concentration data of the raw flue gas. Step S103: The controller uses the calculated dust content of the original flue gas as a feedforward signal. Based on the change in the dust content of the original flue gas, the controller sends an adjustment command to the electric field output adjustment terminal to automatically increase or decrease the output of the electrostatic precipitator electric field and perform preliminary adjustment of electrostatic precipitator. Step S103 includes: The controller uses the calculated dust content of the raw flue gas as a feedforward signal to reflect the dust load of the raw flue gas at the dust collector inlet, and presets a threshold for the dust content. The controller compares the real-time calculated dust content of the raw flue gas with a pre-set dust content threshold, obtains the data comparison result, and determines whether the data comparison result exceeds the set dust content threshold. Based on the data comparison results, the controller adjusts the output of the electrostatic precipitator's electric field; If the dust content in the original flue gas is higher than the preset dust content threshold, the controller will generate a command to increase the electric field output to improve dust removal efficiency. If the dust content in the original flue gas is lower than the preset dust content threshold, the controller will generate a command to reduce the electric field output in order to save energy and reduce equipment wear. The adjustment commands include increasing or decreasing the electric field voltage parameters, current parameters, and operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator electric field, used to change the strength of the electric field; Step S104: The dust content at the dust collector outlet is continuously detected by the dust measuring device and the actual measured value is transmitted to the controller. The controller compares the actual measured dust value with the preset dust emission set value and generates a deviation signal. Based on the deviation signal, the controller sends a feedback control command to the electric field output adjustment terminal to adjust the output of the electric field so that the dust emission meets the set value. Step S105: The controller corrects the oxygen content of the measured value at the outlet dust measuring device according to the deviation signal, obtains the oxygen content correction result, and adjusts the electric field working voltage according to the oxygen content correction result. Step S105 includes: When the dust emission is low and the electrostatic precipitator loses its adjustment function, the controller sends a command to the insulator shutdown control terminal. The insulator shutdown control terminal shuts down the insulators of the first electric field, the second electric field, and the third electric field in sequence until all the insulators of the first electric field, the second electric field, and the third electric field are shut down. The insulators of the fourth electric field are kept running for ash removal and electrostatic precipitator operation. If the dust emission is still lower than the preset value, the voltage will be reduced to restore the frequency conversion regulation function of the insulators of the first and second electric fields.

2. The automatic adjustment method for an electrostatic precipitator as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S101 includes: Boiler total air volume data acquisition: Install a flow meter on the boiler's air inlet duct to measure the air flow rate through the duct. Temperature and pressure sensors are installed on the air inlet duct to monitor air temperature and pressure in real time. Data from flow meters, temperature and pressure sensors are connected to the controller for automatic acquisition, storage and analysis of total boiler air volume data. Raw flue gas dust concentration data acquisition: Dust sampling points are set up in the flue, and dust samplers are used to collect dust samples from the flue gas at regular intervals or continuously. An online dust concentration monitor is installed in the flue to measure the dust concentration in the flue gas in real time. The dust sampler, the online dust concentration monitor and the controller transmit the data to the controller for automatic collection, storage and analysis of raw flue gas dust concentration data.

3. The automatic adjustment method for an electrostatic precipitator as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S102 includes: Acquire real-time total boiler air volume data and raw flue gas dust concentration data. Real-time total boiler air volume data includes air volume value, air temperature and air pressure. The total volume of flue gas passing through the dust collector inlet is calculated by using the air volume value in the real-time total boiler air volume data, combined with the air temperature and air pressure. Multiply the dust concentration of the original flue gas by the calculated total volume of flue gas passing through the dust collector inlet to obtain the total mass of dust in the original flue gas at the dust collector inlet.

4. The automatic adjustment method for an electrostatic precipitator as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S104 includes: The controller receives the actual dust measurement value transmitted from the outlet dust measuring device. The controller compares this actual measurement value with the preset dust emission setpoint and calculates the deviation signal, which reflects the difference between the current dust emission and the setpoint. Based on the positive or negative value of the deviation signal, it is determined whether the current dust emission is higher or lower than the set value. A positive value indicates that the actual emission is higher than the set value, while a negative value indicates that it is lower than the set value. If the deviation signal is positive, the current dust emission is higher than the preset dust emission value, and the controller increases the electric field output. If the deviation signal is negative, the current dust emission is lower than the preset dust emission value, and the controller reduces the electric field output.

5. An automatic adjustment system for an electrostatic precipitator, employing the automatic adjustment method for an electrostatic precipitator as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, include: Controller terminal, boiler total air volume measurement terminal, raw flue gas dust concentration measurement terminal, outlet dust measurement device terminal, electric field output adjustment terminal, oxygen correction terminal, electric field working voltage adjustment terminal, insulator shutdown control terminal, and reduced voltage operation control terminal; Boiler total air volume measurement terminal: measures the total air volume of the boiler and transmits the data to the controller terminal; Raw flue gas dust concentration measurement terminal: measures the raw flue gas dust concentration and transmits the data to the controller terminal; Controller end: Receives data from the boiler total air volume measurement end and the raw flue gas dust concentration measurement end. Calculates the raw flue gas dust content at the dust collector inlet based on the received data. Uses the raw flue gas dust content as a feedforward signal and sends adjustment commands to the electric field output adjustment end based on content changes. Receives the actual dust measurement value from the outlet dust measurement device end. The actual measured dust value is compared with the set value to generate a deviation signal. Based on the deviation signal, a feedback control command is sent to the electric field output adjustment terminal. When the electric field working voltage needs to be adjusted, a command is sent to the electric field working voltage adjustment terminal to adjust the electric field working voltage. When the insulator is shut down, a command is sent to the insulator shutdown control terminal to shut down the third electric field insulator. When the dust emission is lower than the preset value, a command is sent to the voltage reduction operation control terminal to perform voltage reduction operation. Dust measuring device at the outlet: detects the dust content at the dust collector outlet and transmits the actual dust measurement value to the controller. Electric field output adjustment end: Receives adjustment commands from the controller end and automatically increases or decreases the output of the electrostatic precipitator electric field according to the commands; Oxygen calibration terminal: Receives the measured value from the outlet dust measuring device, performs oxygen calibration on the measured value to ensure accuracy, and transmits the calibrated data to the controller. Electric field operating voltage adjustment terminal: Receives instructions from the controller terminal and adjusts the operating voltage of the four electric fields according to the instructions; Insulator shutdown control terminal: Receives shutdown command from controller terminal, and shuts down the insulators of the third electric field in sequence, until the first electric field, second electric field, and third electric field are shut down; The step-down operation control terminal receives step-down operation commands from the controller and performs step-down operation according to the commands, so that the first electric field and the second electric field can resume frequency conversion regulation function.

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