Self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and driving method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and a driving method. The self-luminous display device includes a dimming box, a light-collecting prism structure, and a self-luminous display panel, which are stacked in sequence. The light-collecting prism structure includes a base and a light-absorbing baffle wall provided on the base, a first prism sheet, a second prism sheet, and a refractive structure layer. The first prism sheet, the second prism sheet, and the refractive structure layer are all provided in a receiving cavity between two adjacent light-absorbing baffle walls. The refractive structure layer is sandwiched between the first prism sheet and the second prism sheet and is in an inclined state. The refractive index of the first prism sheet and the second prism sheet is the same and different from the refractive index of the refractive structure layer. By providing a dimming box for controlling the switching between wide and narrow viewing angles, and using the light-collecting prism structure to narrow the angular range of light emitted by the self-luminous display panel, the self-luminous display device has a good narrow viewing angle effect and can switch between wide viewing angle mode and narrow viewing angle mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of self-luminous displays, and in particular to a self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and a driving method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the information age, the application of display screens has become increasingly broad and diversified, and various display technologies have also flourished. Self-luminous displays are the next generation of displays after LCD (liquid crystal display). They have the advantages of good image quality, small size, light weight, low driving voltage, low power consumption, fast response time, no radiation and relatively low manufacturing cost. Their development and application are becoming increasingly extensive. Self-luminous displays include OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) displays and Micro LED (Micro Light-Emitting Diode) displays.

[0003] Self-luminous displays typically offer wide viewing angles and high color saturation due to their self-luminous properties. Viewing angles can reach over 160°. While enjoying this wide viewing angle, people also want to effectively protect their business secrets and personal privacy to avoid potential business losses or embarrassment caused by leaked screen information. Therefore, in addition to the wide viewing angle requirement, many applications also require displays that can switch between wide and narrow viewing angles.

[0004] Currently, the main method of switching between wide and narrow viewing angles is to attach a louver film to the self-luminous display. When privacy protection is required, the screen can be covered with the louver film to narrow the viewing angle. However, this method requires additional louver film, which causes great inconvenience to the user. Moreover, a piece of louver film can only achieve one viewing angle. Once the louver film is attached, the viewing angle is fixed in the narrow viewing angle mode, making it impossible to switch freely between the wide and narrow viewing angle modes. In addition, the privacy film will reduce the grayscale and affect the quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and a driving method to solve the problem in the prior art that self-luminous display devices cannot freely switch wide and narrow viewing angles.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, comprising a dimming box, a light-collecting prism structure, and a self-luminous display panel stacked in sequence. The dimming box is used to control the switching of wide and narrow viewing angles, the light-collecting prism structure is used to reduce the angular range of light emitted by the self-luminous display panel, and the self-luminous display panel is used to control the display of grayscale images.

[0008] The light-collecting prism structure includes a base, a light-absorbing baffle, a first prism sheet, a second prism sheet and a refractive structure layer. The light-absorbing baffle, the first prism sheet, the second prism sheet and the refractive structure layer are all arranged on the base. There is a accommodating cavity between any two adjacent light-absorbing baffles. The first prism sheet, the second prism sheet and the refractive structure layer are arranged in each of the accommodating cavities. The refractive structure layer is sandwiched between the first prism sheet and the second prism sheet and is in an inclined state. The refractive index of the first prism sheet and the second prism sheet is the same and different from the refractive index of the refractive structure layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the facing surfaces of the first prism sheet and the second prism sheet are both parallel inclined surfaces, and an inclined gap is formed between the first prism sheet and the second prism sheet, and the refractive structure layer is disposed in the inclined gap.

[0010] Furthermore, the first prism sheet and the second prism sheet are triangular structures or trapezoidal structures.

[0011] Furthermore, the refractive structural layer extends from the light-absorbing blocking wall on one side of the accommodating cavity to the light-absorbing blocking wall on the other side of the accommodating cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, a quarter-wave plate is provided on the side of the light-collecting prism structure facing the self-luminous display panel.

[0013] Furthermore, a protective layer and / or an anti-glare layer is provided on a side of the dimming box away from the self-luminous display panel.

[0014] Furthermore, the dimming box includes a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer located between the first and second substrates, the first substrate being provided with an auxiliary electrode, the second substrate being provided with a viewing angle control electrode cooperating with the auxiliary electrode, and the first substrate and / or the second substrate being provided with a refractive layer on a side facing the liquid crystal layer, the refractive layer having a plurality of protruding structures;

[0015] In the wide viewing angle mode, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer is not equal to the refractive index of the refractive layer and scatters light together with the refractive layer; in the narrow viewing angle mode, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer is equal to the refractive index of the refractive layer.

[0016] Furthermore, the dimming box includes a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein an auxiliary electrode is provided on the first substrate, and a viewing angle control electrode cooperating with the auxiliary electrode is provided on the second substrate;

[0017] In the wide viewing angle mode, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is in a foggy state and scatters light; in the narrow viewing angle mode, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is in a transparent state.

[0018] The present application also provides a driving method for a self-luminous display device with a wide and narrow viewing angle switchable, for driving the self-luminous display device with a wide and narrow viewing angle switchable, the driving method comprising:

[0019] In the wide viewing angle mode, a corresponding wide viewing angle signal is applied to the auxiliary electrode and the viewing angle control electrode, so that the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer is not equal to the refractive index of the refractive layer, and the liquid crystal layer and the refractive layer jointly scatter light;

[0020] In the narrow viewing angle mode, corresponding narrow viewing angle signals are applied to the auxiliary electrodes and the viewing angle control electrodes to make the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer equal to the refractive index of the refractive layer.

[0021] The present application also provides a driving method for a self-luminous display device with a wide and narrow viewing angle switchable, for driving the self-luminous display device with a wide and narrow viewing angle switchable, the driving method comprising:

[0022] In the wide viewing angle mode, a corresponding wide viewing angle signal is applied to the auxiliary electrode and the viewing angle control electrode, so that the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is in a foggy state and scatters light;

[0023] In the narrow viewing angle mode, corresponding narrow viewing angle signals are applied to the auxiliary electrodes and the viewing angle control electrodes to make the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer transparent.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: by providing a dimming box to control the switching between wide and narrow viewing angles, and using a light-collecting prism structure to narrow the angular range of light emitted by the self-luminous display panel, the self-luminous display device has a good narrow viewing angle effect and can switch between wide and narrow viewing angle modes. The light-collecting prism structure in this application is similar to a layer of glass and can be directly manufactured on a substrate, making it lighter and thinner (only one substrate is required). In addition, the light-collecting prism structure uses a physical optical path to concentrate light into a very small angle, requiring only the design of the prism angle, and the manufacturing process is relatively simple. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the initial structure of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 1 is a schematic diagram of the optical path principle and structure of the light-collecting prism structure in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the three-dimensional structure of the refractive layer in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the refractive layer in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is one of the schematic planar structural diagrams of the viewing angle control electrode in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a second schematic diagram of the planar structure of the viewing angle control electrode in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a driving waveform diagram of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in a wide viewing angle mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the narrow viewing angle mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in a wide viewing angle mode according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in a narrow viewing angle mode according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 1 is a schematic diagram of the initial structure of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 13 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in a wide viewing angle mode according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 14 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the narrow viewing angle mode in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 151 is a schematic diagram of the initial structure of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 16 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in a wide viewing angle mode according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 17 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in a narrow viewing angle mode according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 18 This is one of the planar structural schematic diagrams of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 19 This is the second planar structural schematic diagram of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention to achieve the intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, describes in detail the specific implementation, structure, features, and effects of the self-luminous display device and driving method with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to the present invention.

[0045] [Example 1]

[0046] Figure 1 3 is a schematic diagram of the initial structure of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the optical path principle and structure of the light-collecting prism structure in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles provided in a first embodiment of the present invention includes a dimming box 10, a light-collecting prism structure 20, and a self-luminous display panel 30, which are stacked in sequence. The dimming box 10 and the light-collecting prism structure 20 are both located on the light-emitting side of the self-luminous display panel 30, and the light-collecting prism structure 20 is located between the dimming box 10 and the self-luminous display panel 30. The dimming box 10 is used to control the wide and narrow viewing angle switching, the light-collecting prism structure 20 is used to narrow the angular range of light emitted by the self-luminous display panel 30, and the self-luminous display panel 30 is used to control the grayscale display. In this embodiment, the self-luminous display panel 30 is a Micro LED (micro light-emitting diode) display, which includes a substrate 31, a control circuit layer 32 provided on the substrate 31, and a plurality of light-emitting units 33. The control circuit layer 32 is used to control the light-emitting units 33 to emit light of corresponding colors. As for other structures of the Micro LED display (such as scan lines, data lines, thin film transistors, etc.), reference can be made to the prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0048] The light-collecting prism structure 20 uses a Nicol prism. The light-collecting prism structure 20 includes a base 21, a light-absorbing baffle 22, a first prism sheet 231, a second prism sheet 232, and a refractive structure layer 24. The light-absorbing baffle 22, the first prism sheet 231, the second prism sheet 232, and the refractive structure layer 24 are all arranged on the base 21. There is a receiving cavity between any two adjacent light-absorbing baffles 22, and each receiving cavity is provided with the first prism sheet 231, the second prism sheet 232, and the refractive structure layer 24. The refractive structure layer 24 is sandwiched between the first prism sheet 231 and the second prism sheet 232 and is in an inclined state. The refractive index of the first prism sheet 231 and the second prism sheet 232 is the same and different from the refractive index of the refractive structure layer 24. The refractive structure layer 24 is optical resin glue, and the first prism sheet 231 and the second prism sheet 232 are bonded together by the optical resin glue.

[0049] like Figure 2As shown, we can decompose the light into two beams of a first polarized light (O light) and a second polarized light (E light) whose vibration directions are perpendicular to each other. For example, the refractive index of the refractive structure layer 24 is N=1.55, the refractive index of the first polarized light (O light) in the prism sheet (the first prism sheet 231 and the second prism sheet 232) is No=1.66, and the refractive index of the second polarized light (E light) in the prism sheet (the first prism sheet 231 and the second prism sheet 232) is Ne=1.49, and at this time No>N>Ne. Light is incident from below the light-collecting prism structure 20 and enters the first prism sheet 231. When the incident angle of the first polarized light (O light) is greater than or equal to the critical angle of total reflection of the first polarized light (O light), θ = arcsin (N / No) = 69°, the first polarized light (O light) undergoes total reflection at the contact interface between the first prism sheet 231 and the refractive structure layer 24 (when light propagates from a denser medium to a less dense medium, total reflection occurs when the incident angle reaches the critical angle, similar to an optical fiber). The totally reflected first polarized light (O light) is absorbed by the adjacent light-absorbing barrier 22. The refractive index of the second polarized light (E light) in the prism sheets (first prism sheet 231 and second prism sheet 232) is lower than that of the refractive structure layer 24, and therefore it can directly pass through the refractive structure layer 24 and the second prism sheet 232. Therefore, the light-collecting prism structure 20 not only achieves a certain light-collecting effect, but also has a certain polarization effect on light. By adjusting the refractive index of the prism sheets (first prism sheet 231 and second prism sheet 232) and the refractive structure layer 24, as well as the tilt angle of the contact interface between the first prism sheet 231 and the refractive structure layer 24, we can control the angle at which the light-collecting prism structure 20 collects the first polarized light (O light), thereby controlling the narrow viewing angle effect. The light-collecting prism structure 20 in this application is similar to a layer of glass and can be directly manufactured on a substrate, making it lighter and thinner (only one substrate is required). Moreover, the light-collecting prism structure 20 utilizes a physical optical path to concentrate light into a very small angle, requiring only the design of the prism angle, making the manufacturing process relatively simple.

[0050] Furthermore, the facing surfaces of the first prism sheet 231 and the second prism sheet 232 are parallel to each other, and an inclined gap is formed between the first prism sheet 231 and the second prism sheet 232, and the refractive structure layer 24 is disposed in the inclined gap. The first prism sheet 231 and the second prism sheet 232 have a triangular structure or a trapezoidal structure, such as a right-angled triangle structure or a right-angled trapezoidal structure.

[0051] Furthermore, the refractive structural layer 24 extends from the light-absorbing baffle 22 on one side of the accommodating cavity to the light-absorbing baffle 22 on the other side of the accommodating cavity, that is, the projection of the refractive structural layer 24 on the substrate 21 covers the accommodating cavity, thereby having a light-collecting effect on the light passing through the accommodating cavity.

[0052] In this embodiment, a quarter-wave plate 41 is provided on the side of the light-collecting prism structure 20 facing the self-luminous display panel 30. The fast and slow axes of the quarter-wave plate 41 are at 45° to the light transmission axis of the light-collecting prism structure 20. Since the light-collecting prism structure 20 also has a certain polarization effect on light, after being matched with the quarter-wave plate 41, the ambient light passing through the light-collecting prism structure 20 and the quarter-wave plate 41 can be converted into circularly polarized light. Of course, the fast and slow axes of the quarter-wave plate 41 are at other angles to the light transmission axis of the light-collecting prism structure 20, thereby converting the ambient light passing through the light-collecting prism structure 20 and the quarter-wave plate 41 into elliptically polarized light. By providing a quarter-wave plate 41 on the side of the light-collecting prism structure 20 facing the self-luminous display panel 30, the reflection effect of the metal electrode in the self-luminous display panel 30 on the ambient light can be reduced, thereby enhancing the display effect. For example, when ambient light passes through the light-collecting prism structure 20, the first polarized light (O light) will be reflected to the light-absorbing baffle 22 for absorption, and the second polarized light (E light) can pass through the light-collecting prism structure 20. When the second polarized light (E light) passes through the quarter-wave plate 41, it becomes circularly polarized light (positive rotation). After the circularly polarized light (positive rotation) is reflected by the self-luminous display panel 30, it is still circularly polarized light (negative rotation), but the rotation direction is opposite. When the reflected circularly polarized light (negative rotation) passes through the quarter-wave plate 41, it becomes the first polarized light (O light) perpendicular to the transmission axis of the light-collecting prism structure 20, and is thereby absorbed by the light-absorbing baffle 22, thereby reducing the reflection effect of the self-luminous display panel 30 on the ambient light.

[0053] Furthermore, a protective layer 42 and / or an anti-glare layer is provided on the side of the dimming box 10 away from the self-luminous display panel 30, wherein the protective layer 42 can play a certain protective role for the self-luminous display device to prevent the self-luminous display device from being scratched; the anti-glare layer can reduce the reflection effect of the self-luminous display device on ambient light to enhance the viewing experience.

[0054] In this embodiment, the dimming box 10 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12 disposed opposite the first substrate 11, and a liquid crystal layer 13 located between the first and second substrates 11, 12. An auxiliary electrode 111 is provided on the first substrate 11, and a viewing angle control electrode 121 is provided on the second substrate 12 to cooperate with the auxiliary electrode 111. A refractive layer 14 having multiple protrusions is provided on the side of the first substrate 11 and / or the second substrate 12 facing the liquid crystal layer 13. Alternatively, the refractive layer 14 may be provided on the side of the first substrate 11 facing the liquid crystal layer 13, or on both the side of the first and second substrates 11, 12 facing the liquid crystal layer 13. By controlling the voltage applied to the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 13 are driven to deflect, so that the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 13 is not equal to the refractive index of the refractive layer 14 and the liquid crystal layer 13 scatters light together with the refractive layer 14 to achieve a wide viewing angle mode; or the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 13 is equal to the refractive index of the refractive layer 14 to achieve a narrow viewing angle mode, thereby achieving switching between the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode.

[0055] Figure 3 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the three-dimensional structure of the refractive layer in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the refractive layer in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the raised structure is a semicircular structure, a triangular structure or a trapezoidal structure, and the planar shape of the raised structure is a strip structure, that is, the raised structure is an inverted triangular prism ( Figure 3 ), semi-cylinder( Figure 4 ) or trapezoidal columns.

[0056] Figure 5 This is one of the planar structural diagrams of the viewing angle control electrode in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is the second schematic diagram of the planar structure of the viewing angle control electrode in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 are both planar electrodes provided on the entire surface, that is, the auxiliary electrode 111 is a planar electrode provided on the entire surface of the first substrate 11, and the viewing angle control electrode 121 is a planar electrode provided on the entire surface of the second substrate 12, so that the dimming box 10 can simultaneously and entirely control the wide and narrow viewing angle switching. Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, at least one of the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 includes a plurality of mutually independent block electrodes. For example, the auxiliary electrode 111 may include a plurality of mutually independent block electrodes, or the viewing angle control electrode 121 may include a plurality of mutually independent block electrodes, or both the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 may include a plurality of mutually independent block electrodes, so that the dimming box 10 can independently control the wide and narrow viewing angle switching of different areas.

[0057] The first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the base 21 and the substrate 31 can be made of glass, acrylic, polycarbonate, etc. The auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 can be made of indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO).

[0058] In this embodiment, the liquid crystal layer 13 uses positive liquid crystal molecules, i.e., liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy, wherein Δn=ne-no, Δn>0. The larger Δn is, the more favorable the light diffusion effect is at a wide viewing angle. Preferably, positive liquid crystal molecules with Δn=0.25 and retardation>300nm are used. In the initial state, Figure 1 As shown, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 13 are aligned parallel to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, and the alignment directions of the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the first substrate 11 are parallel or anti-parallel to the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the second substrate 12. Of course, the positive liquid crystal molecules may have a small pre-tilt angle (for example, less than 5°) during the initial alignment, that is, the positive liquid crystal molecules initially form a small angle with the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, which can accelerate the deflection of the positive liquid crystal molecules toward the vertical direction when switching to a narrow viewing angle. Among them, the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are both ordinary substrates, that is, transparent substrates, and no color resist material is required on the first substrate 11 or the second substrate 12. Of course, in other embodiments, negative liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with negative dielectric anisotropy, may also be used in the liquid crystal layer 13, wherein the negative liquid crystal molecules have Δn=ne-no, Δn<0, and the larger the -Δn, the more conducive to the light diffusion effect at a wide viewing angle.

[0059] In this embodiment, the refractive index of refractive layer 14 is equal to the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in liquid crystal layer 13 when they are in a standing position, that is, the refractive index of refractive layer 14 is equal to n. Refractive layer 14 can be made of materials such as resin, photoresist, and OC, with a refractive index between 1.4 and 1.8. The refractive index n of positive liquid crystal molecules in the industry is 1.5, so refractive layer 14 can be made of a light-transmitting material with a refractive index of 1.5. In wide-viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in liquid crystal layer 13 are in a lying position. At this time, the refractive index of liquid crystal layer 13 is n, which is not equal to the refractive index of refractive layer 14. Therefore, light is scattered when passing through refractive layer 14 and liquid crystal layer 13, thereby achieving wide-viewing angle display. In narrow-viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in liquid crystal layer 13 are in a standing position. At this time, the refractive index of liquid crystal layer 13 is n, which is equal to the refractive index of refractive layer 14. Therefore, light is directly incident when passing through refractive layer 14 and liquid crystal layer 13, without changing its angle, thereby achieving narrow-viewing angle display.

[0060] Figure 7 This is a driving waveform diagram of a self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, the present application also provides a driving method for a self-luminous display device with a wide and narrow viewing angle switchable, which is used to drive the self-luminous display device with a wide and narrow viewing angle switchable. The driving method includes:

[0061] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the wide viewing angle mode in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in wide-viewing angle mode, corresponding wide-viewing angle signals are applied to the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121, causing the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 13 to be different from the refractive index of the refractive layer 14. The liquid crystal layer 13 and the refractive layer 14 jointly scatter light. For example, a common voltage signal (Vcom) is applied to the auxiliary electrode 111, and a first voltage (V1) is applied to the viewing angle control electrode 121. The voltage difference between the first voltage (V1) and the common voltage signal (Vcom) is zero or less than a first preset value (0.3V). In this case, the positive liquid crystal molecules are substantially undeflected and maintain their initial flat position. The refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 13 is ne and is different from the refractive index of the refractive layer 14. Therefore, light is scattered when passing through the refractive layer 14 and the liquid crystal layer 13, thereby achieving wide-viewing angle display.

[0062] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the narrow viewing angle mode in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 and Figure 9As shown, in the narrow viewing angle mode, a corresponding narrow viewing angle signal is applied to the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 to make the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 13 equal to the refractive index of the refractive layer 14. For example, a common voltage signal (Vcom) is applied to the auxiliary electrode 111, and a second voltage (V2) is applied to the viewing angle control electrode 121. The voltage difference between the second voltage (V2) and the common voltage signal (Vcom) is greater than a second preset value (10V), and a vertical electric field E1 is formed between the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 (as shown in FIG. Figure 9 As shown by the middle arrow, since the positive liquid crystal molecules will rotate in a direction perpendicular to the electric field lines under the action of the electric field, the positive liquid crystal molecules will be deflected under the action of the vertical electric field E1, so that the positive liquid crystal molecules are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, and the positive liquid crystal molecules change from a lying posture to a standing posture. At this time, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 13 is no and is equal to the refractive index of the refractive layer 14. Therefore, the light is direct when passing through the refractive layer 14 and the liquid crystal layer 13, and the angle of the light will not be changed, thereby realizing a narrow viewing angle display. The narrow viewing angle anti-peeping effect is determined by the light-collecting effect of the light-collecting prism structure 20.

[0063] [Example 2]

[0064] Figure 10 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in a wide viewing angle mode according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the narrow viewing angle mode in the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the self-luminous display device and driving method with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles provided in the second embodiment of the present invention are similar to those in the first embodiment ( Figures 1 to 9 ) are substantially the same as the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and the driving method thereof, except that, in this embodiment:

[0065] The refractive index of refractive layer 14 is equal to the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in liquid crystal layer 13 when they are in a flat position, that is, the refractive index of refractive layer 14 is equal to ne. In wide-viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in liquid crystal layer 13 are in a standing position. At this time, the refractive index of liquid crystal layer 13 is no and is not equal to the refractive index of refractive layer 14. Therefore, light is scattered when passing through refractive layer 14 and liquid crystal layer 13, thereby achieving wide-viewing angle display. In narrow-viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules in liquid crystal layer 13 are in a flat position. At this time, the refractive index of liquid crystal layer 13 is ne and is equal to the refractive index of refractive layer 14. Therefore, light is directly incident when passing through refractive layer 14 and liquid crystal layer 13, without changing its angle, thereby achieving narrow-viewing angle display.

[0066] The present application also provides a driving method for a self-luminous display device with a wide and narrow viewing angle switchable, which is used to drive the self-luminous display device with a wide and narrow viewing angle switchable. The driving method includes:

[0067] like Figure 7 and Figure 10 As shown, in narrow viewing angle mode, corresponding narrow viewing angle signals are applied to the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 to make the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 13 equal to the refractive index of the refractive layer 14. For example, a common voltage signal (Vcom) is applied to the auxiliary electrode 111, and a first voltage (V1) is applied to the viewing angle control electrode 121. The voltage difference between the first voltage (V1) and the common voltage signal (Vcom) is zero or less than a first preset value (0.3V). At this time, the positive liquid crystal molecules are substantially undeflected and maintain their initial flat position. The refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 13 is ne and is equal to the refractive index of the refractive layer 14. Therefore, light is directed when passing through the refractive layer 14 and the liquid crystal layer 13, and the angle of the light is not changed, thereby achieving narrow viewing angle display. The narrow viewing angle anti-peeping effect is determined by the light collection effect of the light-collecting prism structure 20.

[0068] like Figure 7 and Figure 11 As shown, in the wide viewing angle mode, a corresponding wide viewing angle signal is applied to the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121, so that the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 13 is not equal to the refractive index of the refractive layer 14, and the liquid crystal layer 13 and the refractive layer 14 jointly scatter light. For example, a common voltage signal (Vcom) is applied to the auxiliary electrode 111, and a second voltage (V2) is applied to the viewing angle control electrode 121. The voltage difference between the second voltage (V2) and the common voltage signal (Vcom) is greater than a second preset value (10V), and a vertical electric field E1 is formed between the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 (as shown in FIG. Figure 11 As shown by the arrow in the middle, since the positive liquid crystal molecules will rotate in a direction perpendicular to the electric field lines under the action of the electric field, the positive liquid crystal molecules will be deflected under the action of the vertical electric field E1, so that the positive liquid crystal molecules are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, and the positive liquid crystal molecules change from a lying posture to a standing posture. At this time, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 13 is no and is not equal to the refractive index of the refractive layer 14. Therefore, light will be scattered when passing through the refractive layer 14 and the liquid crystal layer 13, thereby achieving a wide viewing angle display.

[0069] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0070] [Example 3]

[0071] Figure 12Schematic diagram of the initial structure of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 12 As shown, the self-luminous display device and driving method with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles provided in the third embodiment of the present invention are similar to those in the first embodiment ( Figures 1 to 9 ) are substantially the same as the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and the driving method thereof, except that, in this embodiment:

[0072] The dimming box 10 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12 positioned opposite the first substrate 11, and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) layer 15 located between the first and second substrates 11, 12. An auxiliary electrode 111 is provided on the first substrate 11, and a viewing angle control electrode 121 is provided on the second substrate 12, cooperating with the auxiliary electrode 111. In scattering mode, the voltage difference between the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 is less than a first preset value, causing the PDLC layer 15 to assume a foggy state and scatter light. In transmissive mode, the voltage difference between the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 is greater than a second preset value, causing the PDLC layer 15 to assume a transparent state. The PDLC layer 15 can be switched between the foggy and transparent states by controlling the electrical signals applied to the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121. The smaller the voltage difference between the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121, the closer the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 15 is to a fogged state. Conversely, the larger the voltage difference between the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121, the closer the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 15 is to a transparent state. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 15 has a light-scattering effect in the fogged state, while the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 15 does not change the light emission angle in the transparent state.

[0073] The present application also provides a driving method for a self-luminous display device with a wide and narrow viewing angle switchable, which is used to drive the self-luminous display device with a wide and narrow viewing angle switchable. The driving method includes:

[0074] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the wide viewing angle mode in the third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 13As shown, in wide-viewing angle mode, corresponding wide-viewing angle signals are applied to the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 to cause the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal layer 15 to assume a foggy state and scatter light. Specifically, the voltage difference between the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 is less than a first preset value, causing the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal layer 15 to assume a foggy state and scatter light. The auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 can either not apply a voltage signal or apply a voltage signal with a smaller voltage difference. This results in a better wide-viewing angle effect for the display device. Furthermore, the degree of scattering of the dimming box 10 can be adjusted by the voltage signals applied to the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121, thereby enabling the wide-viewing angle effect of the self-luminous display device to be adjusted.

[0075] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the narrow viewing angle mode in the third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 14 As shown, in narrow viewing angle mode, corresponding narrow viewing angle signals are applied to the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 to render the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 15 transparent. Specifically, the voltage difference between the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 is greater than a second preset value, rendering the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 15 transparent. The voltage difference between the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 is preferably 7V-15V, so that the emission angle of light passing through the dimming box 10 does not change. Furthermore, the transparency of the dimming box 10 can be adjusted by applying voltage signals to the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121, thereby adjusting the narrow viewing angle effect of the self-luminous display device.

[0076] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0077] [Example 4]

[0078] Figure 15 3 is a schematic diagram of the initial structure of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 16 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in a wide viewing angle mode according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the structure of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the narrow viewing angle mode in the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 15 and Figure 17 As shown, the self-luminous display device and driving method with wide and narrow viewing angles switchable provided by the fourth embodiment of the present invention are similar to those provided in the first embodiment ( Figures 1 to 9 ), Example 2 ( Figure 10 and Figure 11 ), Example 3 ( Figures 12 to 14) are substantially the same as the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles and the driving method thereof, except that, in this embodiment:

[0079] The self-luminous display panel 30 is an OLED display (Organic Light-Emitting Diode). The self-luminous display panel 30 includes a substrate 31, an anode 33 and a cathode 35 provided on the substrate 31, and an organic light-emitting layer 34 located between the anode 33 and the cathode 35. The corresponding electrical signal is applied to the anode 33 and the cathode 35 to control the corresponding organic light-emitting layer 34 to emit light. Among them, the substrate 31 can be made of transparent materials such as glass, acrylic and polycarbonate, and the materials of the anode 33 and the cathode 35 can be indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO). Optionally, a reflective film (not shown in the figure) can be coated on the surface of the substrate 31 to improve the utilization rate of light. As for other structures of the OLED display panel (such as scan lines, data lines, thin film transistors, etc.), reference can be made to the existing technology and will not be repeated here.

[0080] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, and Embodiment 3, and will not be described in detail here.

[0081] Figure 18 This is one of the planar structural schematic diagrams of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the present invention. Figure 19 This is the second schematic diagram of the planar structure of the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the present invention. Figure 18 and Figure 19 The self-luminous display device is provided with a viewing angle switching button 50 for the user to send a viewing angle switching request to the self-luminous display device. The viewing angle switching button 50 can be a physical button (such as Figure 18 As shown), it can also be a software control or application (APP) to achieve the switching function (as shown Figure 19 As shown, a slider is used to set the wide and narrow viewing angles. When a user needs to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle, the user can operate the viewing angle switching button 50 to send a viewing angle switching request to the self-luminous display device. Ultimately, the driver chip 60 controls the voltage applied to the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121. When the voltage difference between the auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 is different, the self-luminous display device can switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle. When switching to a wide viewing angle, the driving method thereof adopts the driving method corresponding to the wide-angle mode, and when switching to a narrow viewing angle, the driving method thereof adopts the driving method corresponding to the narrow viewing angle mode. Therefore, the self-luminous display device of the embodiment of the present invention has strong operational flexibility and convenience, achieving a multifunctional self-luminous display device that integrates entertainment video and privacy protection.

[0082] In this document, directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," and "back" are defined based on the positions of structures in the accompanying drawings and their relative positions to each other, for the sake of clarity and convenience in presenting the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of these directional terms does not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application. It should also be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., used herein, are used solely for distinctions and are not intended to limit quantity or order.

[0083] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with this profession can make some changes or modifications to the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which are equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, characterized in that: The invention comprises a dimming box (10), a light-collecting prism structure (20), and a self-luminous display panel (30) which are stacked in sequence, wherein the dimming box (10) is used to control the switching between wide and narrow viewing angles, the light-collecting prism structure (20) is used to reduce the angle range of light emitted by the self-luminous display panel (30), and the self-luminous display panel (30) is used to control the display of grayscale images; The light-collecting prism structure (20) comprises a base (21), a light-absorbing baffle (22), a first prism sheet (231), a second prism sheet (232), and a refractive structural layer (24); the light-absorbing baffle (22), the first prism sheet (231), the second prism sheet (232), and the refractive structural layer (24) are all arranged on the base (21); an accommodating cavity is provided between any two adjacent light-absorbing baffles (22); and each accommodating cavity is provided with the first prism sheet (231), the second prism sheet (232), and the refractive structural layer (24). The lens (232) and the refractive structural layer (24) are provided, wherein the refractive structural layer (24) is sandwiched between the first prism lens (231) and the second prism lens (232) and is in an inclined state, the refractive index of the first prism lens (231) and the second prism lens (232) are the same and different from the refractive index of the refractive structural layer (24), the refractive structural layer (24) is an optical resin glue, and the first prism lens (231) and the second prism lens (232) are bonded together by the optical resin glue.

2. The self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The facing surfaces of the first prism sheet (231) and the second prism sheet (232) are both parallel inclined surfaces, and an inclined gap is formed between the first prism sheet (231) and the second prism sheet (232), and the refractive structure layer (24) is arranged in the inclined gap.

3. The self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first prism sheet (231) and the second prism sheet (232) are triangular structures or trapezoidal structures.

4. The self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to claim 1, wherein: The refractive structural layer (24) extends from the light-absorbing blocking wall (22) on one side of the accommodating cavity to the light-absorbing blocking wall (22) on the other side of the accommodating cavity.

5. The self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to claim 1, wherein: A quarter-wave plate (41) is provided on the side of the light-collecting prism structure (20) facing the self-luminous display panel (30).

6. The self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective layer (42) and / or an anti-glare layer is provided on a side of the dimming box (10) away from the self-luminous display panel (30).

7. The self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The dimming box (10) comprises a first substrate (11), a second substrate (12) arranged opposite to the first substrate (11), and a liquid crystal layer (13) located between the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12); an auxiliary electrode (111) is provided on the first substrate (11); a viewing angle control electrode (121) cooperating with the auxiliary electrode (111) is provided on the second substrate (12); a refractive layer (14) is provided on the side of the first substrate (11) and / or the second substrate (12) facing the liquid crystal layer (13); the refractive layer (14) has a plurality of protruding structures; In a wide viewing angle mode, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer (13) is not equal to the refractive index of the refractive layer (14), and the liquid crystal layer (13) scatters light together with the refractive layer (14); in a narrow viewing angle mode, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer (13) is equal to the refractive index of the refractive layer (14).

8. The self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The dimming box (10) comprises a first substrate (11), a second substrate (12) arranged opposite to the first substrate (11), and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (15) located between the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12); an auxiliary electrode (111) is provided on the first substrate (11), and a viewing angle control electrode (121) cooperating with the auxiliary electrode (111) is provided on the second substrate (12); In a wide viewing angle mode, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (15) is in a foggy state and scatters light; in a narrow viewing angle mode, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (15) is in a transparent state.

9. A method for driving a self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, characterized in that: For driving the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles as claimed in claim 7, the driving method comprises: In a wide viewing angle mode, a corresponding wide viewing angle signal is applied to the auxiliary electrode (111) and the viewing angle control electrode (121), so that the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer (13) is not equal to the refractive index of the refractive layer (14), and the liquid crystal layer (13) and the refractive layer (14) jointly scatter light; In the narrow viewing angle mode, a corresponding narrow viewing angle signal is applied to the auxiliary electrode (111) and the viewing angle control electrode (121) to make the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer (13) equal to the refractive index of the refractive layer (14).

10. A method for driving a self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, characterized in that: For driving the self-luminous display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles as claimed in claim 8, the driving method comprises: In a wide viewing angle mode, a corresponding wide viewing angle signal is applied to the auxiliary electrode (111) and the viewing angle control electrode (121), so that the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (15) is in a foggy state and scatters light; In the narrow viewing angle mode, a corresponding narrow viewing angle signal is applied to the auxiliary electrode (111) and the viewing angle control electrode (121) to make the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (15) transparent.

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