Three-dimensional hub emergency evacuation guidance system based on the law of inertia

Abstract

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional hub emergency evacuation guidance system based on the law of inertia, comprising an audio-visual guidance arrow device, a projection merging device, an emergency evacuation light box identification device, an emergency evacuation guide device, a stair evacuation guide device, and an audio-visual guidance sign for corner wall evacuation; the audio-visual guidance arrow device, the emergency evacuation light box identification device, and the emergency evacuation guide device are all arranged on the side walls and guardrails of a subway station, the projection merging device is arranged inside the subway station, the stair evacuation guide device is arranged on the stairs inside the subway station, and the audio-visual guidance sign for corner wall evacuation is arranged on the corner wall of the subway station evacuation route. The present invention can quickly guide the passenger's line of sight, divide visual inertia information into high-level visual inertia, mid-level visual inertia, and low-level visual inertia information, and help passengers clearly understand the evacuation route in the subway station even in situations such as sudden power outages or congestion. It conforms to the law of inertia of passengers' physiology, psychology, and behavior, and ensures that passengers travel quickly and safely.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a three-dimensional hub emergency evacuation guidance system based on the law of inertia, and more particularly to a three-dimensional hub emergency evacuation guidance system based on the law of inertia. Background Art

[0002] With the construction of rail transit networks and the development of cities, rail transit stations are becoming increasingly integrated and complex. Metro stations are located underground and are often connected to surrounding buildings and facilities, forming large, complex underground spaces. These large underground spaces accommodate large passenger flows, posing a significant challenge to safe evacuation. Given the nature of metro stations, the vast majority of users seek their way to a specific destination, and therefore, in-station guidance signs are primarily designed to assist passengers in finding their way. However, as metro stations and surrounding underground spaces become larger and more complex, evacuation becomes increasingly difficult, with pauses, wandering, and getting lost becoming common occurrences. This is particularly true in emergencies, such as fires. Metro stations are constrained by limited space and high passenger flow and dense crowds. Without a clear emergency evacuation guidance system to guide passengers quickly and orderly out of the station, ensuring passenger safety is difficult.

[0003] Currently, the design of subway station guidance signs is usually combined with station transfer directional signs to provide passengers with relevant exit information, thereby achieving the effect of guidance and instructions. In order to achieve the effect of clear guidance, subway stations also set up separate self-luminous emergency exit signs near the exits. Both are indispensable. However, at the same time, they also have shortcomings. Although guidance signs and emergency exit signs can guide passengers out of the subway station to a certain extent, the location of the points lacks systematicity and consistency. As the passenger flow inside the subway station increases, the difficulty of obtaining information increases. When the passenger flow inside the subway station increases or an emergency power outage occurs, the guidance of the guidance signs is easily interrupted, which will affect the evacuation of passengers in the subway station. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional hub emergency evacuation guidance system based on the law of inertia, which can quickly guide passengers' sight and help passengers identify evacuation routes in subway stations even in situations such as sudden power outages or congestion. Taking into account multiple inertias, visual inertial information is divided into high-level visual inertia, medium-level visual inertia, and low-level visual inertial information, and auditory inertial information is added. Each type of inertia is a gradually enhanced and accelerated information, which conforms to the law of inertia of passengers' physiology, psychology, and behavior, enhances passengers' sense of direction and safety when traveling by subway, and ensures passengers' fast and safe travel.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: constructing a three-dimensional hub emergency evacuation guidance system based on the law of inertia, including an audio-visual guidance arrow device, a projection convergence device, an emergency evacuation light box identification device, an emergency evacuation guide device, a stair evacuation guide device and a corner wall evacuation guide device; the audio-visual guidance arrow device, the emergency evacuation light box identification device and the emergency evacuation guide device are all arranged on the side wall of the subway station, the projection convergence device is arranged in the subway station, the stair evacuation guide device is arranged at the stairs in the subway station, and the audio-visual guidance sign for corner wall evacuation is arranged at the corner wall of the subway station evacuation route.

[0006] According to the above solution, the audio-visual guide arrow device includes important node level arrow lines, less important node level arrow lines and general node level arrow lines;

[0007] The important node level arrow lines are located on the middle side wall of the subway station, and the important node level arrow lines include long-distance arrow marks, medium-distance arrow marks and short-distance arrow marks;

[0008] The secondary important node level arrow line points to the transfer direction of entering and exiting the platform level, and the secondary important node level arrow line includes a medium distance arrow mark and a short distance arrow mark;

[0009] The general node level arrow line is located at the connection between the ticket office and the gate guardrail; the general node level arrow line includes a medium-distance arrow mark and a short-distance arrow mark.

[0010] According to the above scheme, the projection convergence device includes a projection lamp and a self-luminous convergence point. The projection lamp is set at the angle between the top and the side wall of the subway station, and the self-luminous convergence point is set on the middle side wall of the subway station and other side walls in the subway station where the direction cannot be determined.

[0011] According to the above scheme, the emergency evacuation light box identification device includes an emergency evacuation light box and an emergency information column; the emergency evacuation light box is set at the side wall of the subway station, and the emergency information column is set at the guardrail of the subway station.

[0012] According to the above scheme, the emergency evacuation guide device includes a hanging arrow sign, a guide column and a double-row battery-type self-luminous continuous belt line. The hanging arrow sign is set on the side wall of the subway station, the guide column is set at the lower end of the hanging arrow sign, and the double-row battery-type self-luminous continuous belt line is set on the subway floor.

[0013] According to the above scheme, the stair evacuation guide device includes a directional sound wave transmitter and a battery-type self-luminous audio-visual sign; the directional sound wave transmitter is arranged at the end of the two side walls of the stairs, and the battery-type self-luminous audio-visual sign is mounted on the railings of the two side walls of the stairs. The battery-type self-luminous audio-visual sign is a triangular prism three-dimensional structure, and the battery-type self-luminous audio-visual sign includes a battery-type self-luminous yellow surface arranged on one side, a battery-type self-luminous green surface on the other side, and a light transmitter at the bottom.

[0014] According to the above method, the audio-visual guide sign for evacuation of the corner wall includes a non-directional sound wave transmitter and four pairs of upper and lower electronic screens and a transfer sign support pole. The non-directional sound wave transmitter is arranged below the electronic screen, and the electronic screen is arranged on both sides of the transfer sign support pole and at a 90-degree angle.

[0015] The implementation of the three-dimensional hub emergency evacuation guidance system based on the law of inertia of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. This invention uses subway station passenger flow to calculate the angles of arrows and sidewall markers, the height of projected markers, and the length of the major axis of the unclosed ellipse at the confluence point. In areas with high passenger flow and closer to the exit, the arrow angles are smaller, the markers are larger and higher, and the major axis of the confluence point is longer and more pronounced. Taking multiple inertias into account, visual inertial information is divided into high-level visual inertia, mid-level visual inertia, and low-level visual inertia. Auditory inertia information is also added. Each type of inertia gradually enhances and accelerates information, allowing passengers to quickly decide whether to evacuate slowly, quickly, or run, effectively warning and guiding passengers.

[0017] 2. The present invention utilizes the projection and reflection effects of self-luminous materials and projection lamps to design a projection convergence point with the goal of increasing the visibility of the sign, so that passengers can quickly find and reach the convergence point set on the ground in long-distance and high-volume situations;

[0018] 3. The present invention has designed multiple independent subway station information query electronic screens and information sign guide columns, which allow different passengers to query subway-related information and evacuation directions in two forms, namely, two-dimensional and three-dimensional, increasing the adaptability of the guidance signs inside the subway station to passengers;

[0019] 4. The present invention comprehensively designs multi-directional guidance signs, namely, high-mounted hanging arrow emergency evacuation signs, mid-mounted traffic guide columns, low-mounted ground continuous belt lines, and audio-visual guidance signs on stairs and corner walls. The flashing rate is gradually increased from the inside to the outside, changing from single-layer visual evacuation information to multi-layer visual and auditory evacuation information. The signs gradually increase in size, which conforms to the walking inertia of passengers, constructs a complete emergency evacuation guidance system, enhances the continuity of sign information related to evacuation direction inside the subway station, and is conducive to passenger evacuation safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the audio-visual guidance arrows for important nodes at long, medium and short distances of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the concourse level and platform level meeting point of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a side view of the projection confluence point of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a front view of the three-purpose electronic touch screen light box of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a side view of the three-purpose electronic touch screen light box of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the audio-visual guide information column of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a distance indicator column in the emergency evacuation audio-visual guidance system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point E in FIG;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a large-scale diagram of the emergency evacuation audio-visual guidance system of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point B in FIG.

[0031] Figure 11 yes Figure 8 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point C in FIG.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a large-scale drawing of the emergency evacuation guide sign of the staircase portion of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point A in FIG;

[0034] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the audio-visual guide sign for emergency evacuation on a corner wall of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 15 This is a flow chart of passengers leaving a subway station in the present invention;

[0036] In the figure: 1. Long-distance arrow mark; 2. Medium-distance arrow mark; 3. Short-distance arrow mark; 4. Closed small ellipse; 5. Closed small ellipse indicating direction; 6. Open large ellipse; 7. Projection lamp; 8. Projection; 9. Self-luminous convergence point; 10. Emergency evacuation light box; 11. Column; 12. Angle support rod; 13. LED electronic touch screen; 14. Emergency information column; 15. Linear light strip; 16. Rectangular LED display; 17. Square LED display; 18. Screw knob; 19. LED search screen; 20. Load-bearing support rod; 21. Arrow base plate; 22. Guide column; 23 , guide arrows; 24. Emergency lighting bulbs; 25. Hanging arrow signs; 26. "Exit" text; 27. Corresponding direction arrow symbols; 28. Public facility symbols; 29. ​​Arrow light strips; 30. Double-row battery-type self-luminous continuous belt lines; 31. Battery-type self-luminous audio-visual signs; 32. Battery-type self-luminous yellow surface; 33. Battery-type self-luminous green surface; 34. Bottom light emitter; 35. Directional sound wave emitter; 36. Corner signpost; 37. Corner signpost support pole; 38. The first pair of electronic screens; 39. The fourth pair of electronic screens; 40. Non-directional sound wave emitter; 41. Guardrail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] like Figure 1-15 As shown, the present invention's three-dimensional hub emergency evacuation guidance system based on the law of inertia includes an audio-visual guidance arrow device, a projection convergence device, an emergency evacuation light box sign device, an emergency evacuation guide device, a stair evacuation guide device, and a corner wall evacuation guide device. The audio-visual guidance arrow device, emergency evacuation light box sign device, and emergency evacuation guide device are all installed on the side walls of the subway station. The projection convergence device is installed inside the subway station. The stair evacuation guide device is installed on the stairs inside the subway station. The audio-visual guidance sign for corner wall evacuation is installed on the corner wall of the subway station evacuation route.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the law of inertia is divided into three aspects: physiological inertia, psychological inertia, and behavioral inertia. Each aspect maintains its original state unchanged. The physiological inertia aspect provides increasing visual and auditory stimulation to passengers. The psychological inertia aspect results in an increased level of information, increasing passenger stress, decreasing PRT, and improving judgment accuracy. The behavioral inertia aspect results in an increasing speed at which passengers follow the guidance system to evacuate. By simultaneously considering multiple inertia factors, visual inertia information is divided into high-level, mid-level, and low-level visual inertia, with the addition of auditory inertia. Each inertia factor provides progressively stronger and faster information.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the audio-visual guidance arrow system includes hierarchical arrow lines for important nodes, less important nodes, and general nodes. The important node arrow lines are located on the central sidewall of the subway station and include long-distance arrow mark 1, medium-distance arrow mark 2, and short-distance arrow mark 3. The less important node arrow lines are located in the transfer direction at the entry and exit platform levels and include medium-distance arrow mark 2 and short-distance arrow mark 3. The general node arrow lines are located at the junction of the ticket office and the gate guardrail and include medium-distance arrow mark 2 and short-distance arrow mark 3. Nodes of varying importance are divided into important nodes, less important nodes, and general nodes. Each set of arrow lines is framed by an ellipse, with the major axis of each ellipse decreasing in size. Corner arrow lines are made of safe, green, energy-storage, self-luminous material with a backup battery. Important nodes are emergency evacuation diversion locations and are located on the central sidewall of the subway station and on the sidewalls and ground at other locations within the station where direction is difficult to determine. The important node arrow lines indicate the direction of emergency evacuation. The arrow lines of important node levels include long-distance arrow mark 1, medium-distance arrow mark 2 and short-distance arrow mark 3. At the long-distance arrow mark 1 (100-150m) level, an arrow mark is set every 20-40m, with three arrows arranged in sequence, two in a group, and three groups of 2m per section, for a total of 3-4 sections. The single arrow mark is set at an obtuse angle, and the angle of the long-distance arrow mark 1 is The long-distance arrow mark 1 is set on the side wall at 1.6 to 1.8 meters from the ground. The long-distance arrow mark 1 is an ellipse mark, and the long axis of the ellipse is 0.55~0.6m, and the short axis is 0.2~0.25m; the medium-distance arrow mark 2 (50~100m) is set at important nodes every 5~10m. The medium-distance arrow mark 2 is three arrows arranged in sequence, two in a group, 3 groups for a total of 1.5m for a section, 5~6 sections, and the arrows are right angles. The medium-distance arrow mark 2 is set on the side wall at 1.3~1.5m from the ground. The medium-distance arrow mark 2 is an ellipse mark, and the long axis of the ellipse is 0.45~0.5m, and the short axis is 0.16~0.2m; the close-distance arrow mark 3 (50m and within) is set at important nodes every 1.25~2.5m. The close-distance arrow mark 3 is three arrows arranged in sequence, two in a group, 3 groups for a total of 1m for a section, 5~6 sections, the close-distance arrow mark 3 is an ellipse mark, the arrows are acute angles, and the arrow mark angle is . The short-range arrow mark 3 is set on the side wall at a distance of 1 to 1.2 meters from the ground. The major axis of the ellipse is 0.25 to 0.3 meters, and the minor axis is 0.1 to 0.15 meters. The arrow lines at the secondary important node level indicate the transfer direction of entering and exiting the platform level. The secondary important nodes are three concentric circles, which are set adjacent to the subway station guardrail 41 of each escalator. The number of nodes is the same as the number of escalators. The arrow marks are set in different directions so that passengers can understand the direction of entering and exiting the platform and transfer at the first time when getting on and off the escalator. The medium-distance arrow mark 2 (50-100m) has arrow marks set every 5-10m, which are two arrows arranged in sequence, and three groups of two are set continuously, with a total of 1.5m as a section, and 5-6 sections are set. The arrow marks are at right angles. The medium-distance arrow mark 2 is set on the side wall at 1.3-1.5m away from the guardrail 41. The medium-distance arrow mark 2 is an elliptical mark, and the major axis of the ellipse is 0.45-0.5m, and the minor axis is 0.16-0.2m; the close-range arrow mark 3 (50m and within) has arrow marks set every 1.25-2.5m, which are two arrows arranged in sequence, and three groups of two are set continuously, with a total of 1m as a section, and 5-6 sections are set. The arrow marks are acute angles. The close-range arrow mark 3 is set on the side wall at 1-1.2m away from the guardrail 41, and the major axis of the ellipse is 0.25-0.3m, and the minor axis is 0.1-0.15m. The arrow line of the general node level points to the direction of ticket purchase or gate. The general node is two concentric circles, set near the ticket purchase place and the connection of the gate guardrail 41. The arrow mark is flush with the node height and is set in different directions. It is also divided into two levels: medium and short distance. The arrow mark of this level is one arrow, and two are set continuously in a group. Among them, according to the impedance function The size of the arrow is inversely proportional to the distance between the location and the safety exit. Within a certain range, the size of the arrow increases and the actual travel time decreases. is the actual travel time, The unmarked travel time for this section of road is To design the logo size, For standard logo size, For parameters to be calibrated, recommended . The angle changes of arrows at each level are set to conform to the physiological inertia level of the passenger's walking inertia law. The angle of the arrow mark is proportional to the distance between the location and the final exit, which increases the physiological stimulation to the passengers and guides pedestrians to escape faster. The arrow lines of nodes and nodes at each level are set as self-luminous signs with backup batteries. In the event of an accident, emergency power outages will cause higher energy consumption signs to flash in the same color, and an LED dot matrix will be set. The arrow lines at important node levels are set to have the highest flashing rate of 60 to 120 times per minute. Every 2 to 3 meters of arrow lines are grouped together, and each group of arrows is set to flash in a "marquee" form in turn. A directional sound wave transmitter is set to emit directional sound waves to the target area, and the beam width is controlled at ±7.5° to ±15°. Based on passenger walking inertia, at the physiological inertia level, the sign size is increased, and the flashing rate gradually increases from the station interior to the exit, increasing the guidance stimulus for passengers. At the psychological inertia level, the single-layer visual evacuation information is transformed into a multi-layer visual and auditory evacuation information system, and the sign text symbols are replaced with self-luminous flashing and sound wave guidance, thereby reducing the PRT and preventing the signs from affecting passengers' spatial cognition and sense of direction, causing psychological disorientation. Through the enhanced information stimulation, at the behavioral inertia level of the law of inertia, passengers follow the guidance system to quickly decide whether to evacuate slowly, quickly, or run.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the projection convergence device includes a projection lamp 7 and a self-luminous convergence point 9. The projection lamp 7 is arranged at the angle between the top and the side wall of the subway station, and the self-luminous convergence point 9 is arranged on the middle side wall of the subway station and other side walls in the subway station where the direction cannot be determined. The self-luminous convergence point 9 is an unclosed large ellipse 6 nested in a closed small ellipse 4, with the long axis direction of the unclosed large ellipse 6 indicating the emergency evacuation direction, and the closed small ellipses 4 and 5 pointing to other less important directions and marked. The self-luminous convergence point 9 is an important node, and the two are set in the same form and position. They are located on the middle side wall of the subway station and other side walls in the subway station where the direction cannot be determined. They are flush with the height of the important node arrow line and add a corresponding ground convergence point design. The long axis of the unclosed large ellipse 6 is set to 1~1.2m, and the long axis length of the large ellipse is , the short axis is 0.5m, the long axis of the nested closed small ellipse 4 is 0.675m, and the short axis is set to 0.25m. It uses safe green storage type self-luminous material and is set on the ground and the high side walls around it. The side wall height is . Set a diamond-shaped continuous marking strip at the middle guardrail, and set the height to , set parallel to the arrow line of the secondary important node. Set an isosceles triangle continuous identification belt on the low guardrail, set parallel to the arrow line of the general node, and set the height to The top angles indicate the directions for entering and exiting the platform, purchasing tickets, and the gate. Considering the illumination level inside the subway station and the installation height of the projection lamp 7, a 200W projection lamp 7 was selected. The central axis of the projection lamp 8 is at a 30-degree angle to the ground. The projection is projected onto the ground and side walls at the angle between the top and the side wall of the subway station, so that its shape coincides with the self-luminous convergence point 9, the diamond sign, and the isosceles triangle sign. The projection is reflected to a certain extent, improving the display effect and indication clarity without affecting the normal passage of passengers.

[0042] The high-position self-luminous convergence point 9 and the mid- and low-position side wall guardrail signs are set up with self-luminous materials equipped with backup batteries. In the event of an accident, emergency power outages will cause the higher-energy-consuming signs to flash in the same color, and an LED dot matrix will be set up. Among them, the flashing frequency of the side wall and guardrail signs decreases from the high-position convergence point to the low-position triangle sign. The flashing frequency of the high-position convergence point is 60 to 80 times / minute, the flashing frequency of the mid-position diamond sign is 30 to 40 times / minute, and the flashing frequency of the low-position isosceles triangle sign is 10 to 20 times / minute. Every 2 to 3 meters of the sign is a group of cyclic flashes. A directional sound wave transmitter is set up, and the directional sound waves emitted by multiple convergence points form a specific area. Among them, the size of the high, medium and low position signs is inversely proportional to the distance between the location and the safety exit. According to the impedance function , within a certain range, the size of the sign increases and the actual travel time decreases. is the actual travel time, The unmarked travel time for this section of road is To design the logo size, For standard logo size, For parameters to be calibrated, recommended According to the law of passenger walking inertia, at the physiological inertia level, the size of signs such as the converging point is increased, and the flashing rate gradually increases from the converging point to the direction away from the converging point, thereby increasing the guidance stimulation for passengers; at the psychological inertia level, the single-layer visual evacuation information is changed to multi-layer visual and auditory evacuation information, and the sign text symbols are replaced with the flashing and sound wave guidance of the self-luminous converging point 9 and the side wall signs, thereby achieving a decrease in PRT, while preventing the signs from affecting the passengers' spatial cognition and sense of direction, causing psychological rotation of passengers. The intensity of evacuation information is inversely proportional to the distance between the location and the emergency exit. Through the enhancement of information stimulation, at the behavioral inertia level of the law of inertia, passengers follow the guidance system to quickly decide whether to evacuate slowly, quickly, or run.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the emergency evacuation lightbox signage system includes an emergency evacuation lightbox 10 and an emergency information post 14. The emergency evacuation lightbox 10 is installed on the side wall of a subway station, and the emergency information post 14 is installed on the subway station guardrail 41. The emergency evacuation lightbox 10, which guides passengers during emergency evacuation, serves as a three-pronged device for advertising, providing directions, and checking subway arrival times. Passengers can find the emergency evacuation lightbox 10 corresponding to their meeting point and switch pages to obtain information. During standby mode, the system monitors passenger flow within a certain range. When passenger flow exceeds a certain limit or an emergency power outage occurs, the emergency evacuation lightbox 10 switches its LED electronic touchscreen 13 to a warning page, flashing intermittently to remind passengers to evacuate quickly. A column 11 is added below the emergency evacuation lightbox 10, and an angled support rod 12 is installed behind it, allowing the screen to adjust its angle to the wall in three different levels to accommodate the viewing angles of passengers of different heights. The emergency information post 14 allows passengers who have difficulty finding their way to determine their destination and use a rotating information sign to indicate their destination in real time. When a passenger is unable to find their way, they locate the emergency information post 14 and search for the corresponding destination on the LED search screen 19 on the load-bearing support 20. A route map from their current location to the destination is then displayed. The corresponding destination information is then displayed on the rectangular LED display 16 to the right of the arrow base plate 21, while the corresponding auxiliary information and graphic symbols are displayed on the square LED display 17 to the left. The straight light strip 15 is activated to provide sufficient brightness to prevent glare and other factors that make the information on the rectangular and square LED displays 16, 17 difficult to read. Because it is difficult to discern directions simply by reading a flat route map, after the relevant information display is finished, the spiral knob 18 rotates the top arrow base plate 21 to point in the corresponding direction. After one minute of no use, the LED search screen 19, rectangular and square LED displays 16, 17 return to their default settings, and the arrow base plate 21 returns to its original direction. A backup battery is connected to the top straight light strip 15, LED search screen 19, rectangular and square LED displays 16, 17, and other components to ensure the normal operation of the emergency information post 14. Emergency evacuation light boxes 10 are installed on the side walls of the subway station, spaced 10 to 13 meters apart. Emergency information posts 14 are located on the subway station guardrails 41, staggered with the emergency evacuation light boxes 10. Because the two are not prominent but dispersed, non-directional sound wave emitters 40 are installed on the emergency evacuation light boxes 10 and emergency information posts 14. The sound waves evenly diffused from the sound source guide passengers to perform operations such as route inquiries, while preventing interference between the non-directional sound waves.Based on the law of passenger inertia, at the physiological level of inertia, the 10-interval flashing of the emergency evacuation lightbox and the real-time rotation of the arrow base plate 21 of the emergency information column 14 enhance passenger guidance stimulation. At the psychological level of inertia, the single-layer visual evacuation information is transformed into a multi-layered visual and auditory evacuation system. The text symbols are replaced with the 10-interval flashing of the emergency evacuation lightbox, the real-time rotation of the emergency information column 14, and non-directional sound wave guidance. This increases the sense of tension and reduces the PRT during stair evacuation, thereby improving passenger judgment accuracy. This enhanced information stimulation, coupled with the behavioral inertia of the law of inertia, allows passengers to evacuate quickly through real-time query of exit directions.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the emergency evacuation guide device includes a hanging arrow sign 25, a guide column 22 and a double-row battery-type self-luminous continuous belt line 30. The hanging arrow sign 25 is set on the side wall of the subway station, the guide column 22 is set at the lower end of the hanging arrow sign 25, and the double-row battery-type self-luminous continuous belt line 30 is set on the subway floor. The continuous system signs for emergency evacuation are divided into three levels of far, medium and short distances. At the far distance level, at a position more than 150m away from the evacuation destination, the hanging arrow sign 25 is set to a wide arrow shape, and a hanging arrow sign 25 is set every 10 to 15m, displaying the word "exit" 26, corresponding direction arrow symbol 27 and public facility symbol 28. A circle of arrow light strips 29 are set along the edge of the arrow shape of the hanging arrow sign 25. In the event of an emergency power outage, the arrow light strips 29 flash sequentially according to the law of passenger walking inertia; at the medium distance level, continuous guide columns 22 are set on the side wall 180m to 80m away from the exit, and the guide arrows 23 thereon are made of storage-type self-luminous material. Three guide columns 22 form a group, and one group is set every 5 to 8m. The angles of the guide arrows 23 set on the guide columns 22 are obtuse angles, right angles, and acute angles that decrease in sequence, and the angles of the guide arrows 23 gradually increase, which is in line with the walking inertia of the passengers and increases the stimulation of the physiological inertia level of the law of inertia. A backup battery is installed inside the guide column 22, and an emergency lighting bulb 24 is installed on the top. When the emergency lighting bulb 24 is on, it illuminates both sides of the wall. The guide arrows 23 on the guide column 22 are partially set up in an LED dot matrix. The guide arrows 23 on each group of guide columns 22 are set up in a "marquee" form to flash in sequence. According to the law of passenger walking inertia, at the physiological inertia level, the flashing rate is set to gradually increase from the inside to the outside, which enhances the stimulation to the passengers; at the close-range level, a double-row battery-type self-luminous continuous belt line 30 is set up on the ground within 100m from the exit. It is set up as a green background with white arrows. The ground-attached signs extend to the emergency evacuation destination. The angle of the guide arrow 23 is set to an acute angle to remind passengers to evacuate urgently. The ground signs are set up in an LED dot matrix. According to the law of passenger walking inertia, the angle of the guide arrow 23 changes and the flashing rate gradually increases from the inside to the exit. The angle of the guide arrow 23 is proportional to the distance between the location and the final exit. The closer to the exit position, the smaller the angle of the guide arrow 23. According to the impedance function Within a certain range, increasing the size of the sign reduces the actual travel time. The angle of the guide arrow 23 is inversely proportional to the distance from the exit. As the distance from the exit decreases, the warning level increases, guiding pedestrians to escape faster. Signs for long and medium distances, and medium and short distances, should overlap to a certain extent.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, directional sound waves can be broadcast over long distances. Since this portion of the evacuation path is mostly a long straight passage, directional sound wave transmitters 35 are installed at appropriate heights on the walls on both sides of the starting point where the arrow signs 25 are hung, emitting directional sound waves to the target area, with the beam width controlled within ±7.5° to ±10°. Based on the walking inertia of passengers, at the physiological inertia level of the passenger inertia law, the size of the signs in this portion of the evacuation path increases, and the flashing rate gradually increases from the inside of the subway station to the exit, thereby increasing the guidance stimulus for passengers. At the psychological inertia level, the single-layer visual evacuation information is transformed into a multi-layer visual and auditory evacuation information, and the sign text symbols are replaced with guide columns 22 and a double-row of self-luminous continuous belt lines 30 that flash and guide directional sound waves. This increases the sense of tension during the stair evacuation process for passengers, reduces the PRT, and improves the accuracy of passenger judgment. This also prevents the long straight passage signs from affecting passengers' spatial cognition and sense of direction, causing psychological rotation in passengers. The intensity of evacuation information is inversely proportional to the distance between the location and the safe exit. Through the enhancement of information stimulation, at the behavioral inertia level of the law of inertia, passengers follow the guidance system to quickly decide whether to evacuate slowly, quickly, or run.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stair evacuation guidance device includes a directional sound wave emitter 35 and a battery-powered self-luminous audio-visual sign 31. The directional sound wave emitter 35 is located at the ends of the two side walls of the staircase, and the battery-powered self-luminous audio-visual sign 31 is mounted on the railings of the two side walls of the staircase. The battery-powered self-luminous audio-visual sign 31 is a triangular prism structure, including a battery-powered self-luminous yellow surface 32 on one side, a battery-powered self-luminous green surface 33 on the other side, and a light emitter 34 at the bottom. The staircase audio-visual sign is made of battery-powered self-luminous material and includes the battery-powered self-luminous green surface 33, the battery-powered self-luminous yellow surface 32, and the triangular prism structure. It is installed on both sides of the staircase. The directional sound wave emitter 35 is installed inside the end of the sign on the side wall. In the event of an emergency power outage, the self-luminous yellow sign 32 uses an LED matrix to actively illuminate without flickering. The self-luminous green sign 33's LED flash rate gradually increases, with signs grouped every 1-2 meters. The bottom light emitters 34 of the three-dimensional signs on both sides of the staircase remain on without flickering. Directional sound wave emitters 35 are installed on the staircase walls and emit directional sound waves within the stairwell, warning passengers to keep right and walk slowly. Based on the law of inertia of passengers walking, at the psychological level of inertia, the single-layer visual evacuation information is transformed into a multi-layered visual and auditory evacuation system. Textual signs such as "Keep Right" are replaced with flashing, self-luminous audio-visual signs 31 and directional sound wave emitters 35. This increases the sense of tension and reduces the PRT during stair evacuation, improving passenger judgment accuracy. By enhancing information stimulation and at the behavioral level of inertia, passengers follow the guidance system to quickly decide whether to walk slowly, walk quickly, or run. Corner wall evacuation audio-visual guidance is provided by a corner beacon 36, located at a corner wall where passengers' line of sight are obstructed during evacuation. Corner beacon 36 consists of four pairs of upper and lower electronic screens 38 and 39, along with a support rod 37 for the screens to transfer to the beacon. The first and third pairs of screens 38 and 39 serve as unified emergency evacuation signs, while the second and fourth pairs of screens 39 adjust their display content based on subway station passenger flow. The second pair of screens is equipped with a non-directional acoustic transmitter 40. Corner beacon 36 is 2.5 to 3 meters tall, with screens 0.5 to 0.8 meters long and 0.2 to 0.4 meters wide. The spacing between the screens increases from bottom to top. Corner beacon 36 is equipped with a backup battery. In the event of an emergency power outage, the first and third pairs of screens 38 and 39 continue to indicate the exit direction, while the second and fourth pairs of screens 39 are deactivated. At the same time, since the corner walls are relatively dispersed during the evacuation process, the sounds will not interfere with each other. The non-directional sound wave transmitter 40 makes the non-directional sound waves spread evenly at a suitable height, prompting passengers to take evacuation routes.Based on the law of passenger walking inertia, the size change between the first pair of electronic screens 38 and the third pair of screens increases passenger guidance stimulation at the physiological inertia level. At the psychological inertia level, the shift from a single layer of visual evacuation information to a multi-layered visual and auditory evacuation system, along with the addition of non-directional sound wave guidance, heightens passengers' sense of tension during stair evacuation and improves their judgment accuracy. This enhanced information stimulation, based on the behavioral inertia of the law of inertia, allows passengers to quickly decide whether to evacuate slowly, quickly, or run.

[0047] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional hub emergency evacuation guidance system based on the law of inertia, characterized in that: It includes an audio-visual guide arrow device, a projection merging device, an emergency evacuation light box identification device, an emergency evacuation guide device, a stair evacuation guide device, and a corner wall evacuation guide device; the audio-visual guide arrow device, the emergency evacuation light box identification device, and the emergency evacuation guide device are all installed on the side walls and guardrails of the subway station, the projection merging device is installed inside the subway station, and the stair evacuation guide device is installed on the stairs inside the subway station; The audio-visual guide arrow device includes an important node level arrow line, a less important node level arrow line and a general node level arrow line; The important node level arrow lines are located on the middle side wall of the subway station, and the important node level arrow lines include long-distance arrow marks, medium-distance arrow marks and short-distance arrow marks; The secondary important node level arrow line points to the transfer direction of entering and exiting the platform level, and the secondary important node level arrow line includes a medium distance arrow mark and a short distance arrow mark; The general node level arrow line is located at the connection between the ticket office and the gate guardrail; the general node level arrow line includes a medium-distance arrow mark and a short-distance arrow mark; The stair evacuation guide device includes a directional sound wave transmitter and a battery-type self-luminous audio-visual sign; the directional sound wave transmitter is arranged at the end of the two side walls of the stairs, and the battery-type self-luminous audio-visual sign is mounted on the railings of the two side walls of the stairs. The battery-type self-luminous audio-visual sign is a triangular prism structure, and the battery-type self-luminous audio-visual sign includes a battery-type self-luminous yellow surface arranged on one side, a battery-type self-luminous green surface on the other side, and a light transmitter at the bottom.

2. The three-dimensional hub emergency evacuation guidance system based on the law of inertia according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The projection merging device includes a projection lamp and a self-luminous merging point. The projection lamp is set at the angle between the top and the side wall of the subway station. The self-luminous merging point is set at the middle side wall of the subway station and other locations in the subway station where the direction cannot be determined and the side wall and the ground.

3. The three-dimensional hub emergency evacuation guidance system based on the law of inertia according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The emergency evacuation light box identification device includes an emergency evacuation light box and an emergency information column; the emergency evacuation light box is arranged on the side wall of the subway station, and the emergency information column is arranged on the guardrail of the subway station.

4. The three-dimensional hub emergency evacuation guidance system based on the law of inertia according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The emergency evacuation guide device includes a high-position hanging arrow sign, a mid-position guide column and a low-position double-row battery-type self-luminous continuous belt line. The hanging arrow sign is set on the side wall of the subway station, the guide column is set at the lower end of the hanging arrow sign, and the double-row battery-type self-luminous continuous belt line is set on the subway floor.

5. The three-dimensional hub emergency evacuation guidance system based on the law of inertia according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The corner wall evacuation guide device includes a non-directional sound wave transmitter, four pairs of upper and lower electronic screens and a transfer mark support pole. The non-directional sound wave transmitter is arranged below the electronic screen, and the electronic screen is arranged on both sides of the transfer mark support pole and forms a 90-degree angle.

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