Application of Frischella perrara in the control of Varroa destructor

Abstract

The application discloses application of Frischella perrara in large Varroa mite control, and belongs to the technical field of large Varroa mite control in western honeybee breeding. The inventors have found that the change of the abundance of Frischella perrara can affect the olfactory ability of bees. Therefore, the application changes the abundance of Frischella perrara in the intestines of bees by an exogenous addition mode, improves the olfactory ability of bees, improves the health behavior of bees, improves the ability of bees to clean large Varroa mites, and controls the parasitic rate of large Varroa mites within a safe range. The bacteria used in the application are inherent probiotics in the intestines of bees, are non-toxic and harmless to bees, have no influence on the safety of bee products, and have no environmental pollution, which cannot be realized by current mite-killing drugs. The application provides important technical support for realizing healthy breeding of bees and production of green and organic bee products.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of Varroa destructor control in western honeybee breeding, and particularly relates to application of Frischella perrara in honeybee intestinal tract in Varroa destructor control. BACKGROUND

[0002] The information disclosed in this Background section is for the purpose of generally presenting the context of the application. The information disclosed in this Background section is not to be necessarily taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms part of the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

[0003] Mites are the main pests and diseases that threaten the global beekeeping industry. Varroa destructor, commonly known as Varroa destructor, is the main biological threat in western honeybee breeding, with an infection rate of 100%, causing significant losses to the beekeeping industry. Currently, beekeeping production mainly relies on broad-spectrum mite control drugs (such as pyrethroids, amitraz, formic acid, etc.) for control, but the long-term repeated use of miticides not only causes drug residue problems in bee colonies and bee products, but also promotes the development of drug resistance in Varroa destructor, making the control of Varroa destructor more complex and difficult. Therefore, chemical miticides are not a sustainable development method for Varroa destructor control. Developing green, safe and sustainable development of Varroa destructor control technology is an urgent problem to be solved in healthy beekeeping. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present application aims to provide application of Frischella perrara in honeybee intestinal tract in Varroa destructor control, and the present application provides a green, safe and sustainable development of Varroa destructor control technology based on intestinal flora structure modification, which has the characteristics of simple operation, high feasibility and safety and non-toxicity.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect of the present application, application of Frischella perrara in honeybee intestinal tract in Varroa destructor control is provided.

[0007] The colony has the ability to clean Varroa mites by itself, so the fundamental of Varroa mite control is to improve the ability of bees to clean Varroa mites. Moreover, the beekeeping production practice shows that Varroa mite control does not need to kill all Varroa mites, and the annual Varroa mite infection rate can be controlled below 5% (adult bees) to ensure the healthy production of the colony. Adult bees can clean Varroa mites on the surface of adult bees through self-grooming and mutual grooming, so that Varroa mites fall off the surface of bees and fall to the bottom of the box, so the number or rate of mite falling is an important indicator reflecting the cleaning ability of bees. At the same time, adult bees can also open the infected mite larval nest, clean the mite-infected larvae, terminate the development of Varroa mites, and reduce the number of mites. The above two behaviors are usually referred to as the hygiene behavior of bees, and the hygiene behavior of bees is highly dependent on the sensitivity of their olfaction.

[0008] Frischella perrara is one of the five core bacteria in the intestinal tract of bees, which is distributed in the intestinal tract of bees in different regions and different species, but the abundance will be different due to the difference of external environment and internal homeostasis of bees. The inventors found that the change of Frischella perrara abundance will affect the olfactory ability of bees. Therefore, the present application uses the method of exogenous addition to change the abundance of Frischella perrara in the intestinal tract of bees, improve the olfactory ability of bees, improve the hygiene behavior of bees, improve the ability of bees to clean Varroa mites, and control the parasitic rate of Varroa mites within a safe range.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the application is to feed bees with a sugar solution containing Frischella perrara, a bacterium in the intestinal tract of bees.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, during the spring multiplication period of bees, a sugar solution containing Frischella perrara, a bacterium in the intestinal tract of bees, is used to feed bees for 2-3 months.

[0011] Frischella perrara is used to feed bees for 2-3 months during the spring multiplication period, and it does not need to be used all year round. The key of spring multiplication is not only to solve the problem of bee reproduction, but also to solve the problem of bee mites. The harm of Varroa mites to bee larvae is much greater than that to adult bees, and if the problem of larval mites is solved, adult bees will be difficult to be parasitized by mites. Therefore, after reducing the parasitic rate of Varroa mites to a lower level during the spring multiplication period, the control of Varroa mites throughout the year can achieve good results.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the Frischella perrara is alive. The Frischella perrara must be alive when fed to ensure its function in the intestines of the bees, and therefore the sugar solution containing the Frischella perrara must be prepared on site. The Frischella perrara used in the present application is a strain of the intestines of bees, and the strain number is PEB0191, which is a product available for purchase.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the concentration of the Frischella perrara in the sugar solution is 10 6 CFU / mL.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the sugar includes sucrose, white sugar, fructose or beet sugar, preferably sucrose.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the concentration of the sugar solution is 35-45wt%, preferably 40wt%.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the feeding amount is 250-350mL / time, preferably 300mL / time, and the feeding frequency is once every 2 days when the colony strength is single box; the feeding amount is 450-550mL / time, preferably 500mL / time, and the feeding frequency is once every 2 days when the colony strength is double box.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the feeding amount is 300mL / time, and the feeding position is to add 300mL in the nest box feeding box once;

[0018] The feeding amount is 500mL / time, and the feeding position is to add 300mL in the nest box feeding box and 200mL in the nest box feeding box.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present application, the big bee mite is Di swa mite.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, the bees are Apis mellifera, preferably Apis mellifera ligustica.

[0021] In the second aspect of the present application, a method for preventing and treating big bee mites is provided, comprising the following steps: feeding bees with a sugar solution containing Frischella perrara.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present application, during the spring breeding period of bees, a sugar solution containing 10 6CFU / mL Frischella perrara in the intestines of bees is fed to the bees in a 40% sugar solution, and the feeding lasts for 2-3 months.

[0023] In a third aspect of the present application, there is provided a use of Frischella perrara in the intestines of bees in promoting spring breeding of bee colonies.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present application, the use is: in the spring breeding period of bees, a 40% sugar solution containing 10 6 CFU / mL Frischella perrara in the intestines of bees is fed to the bees in a 40% sugar solution, and the feeding lasts for 2-3 months.

[0025] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present application changes the abundance of Frischella perrara in the intestines of bees by exogenous addition, improves the olfactory ability of bees, improves the sanitary behavior of bees, improves the ability of bees to clean Varroa mites, and controls the parasitic rate of Varroa mites within a safe range. The Frischella perrara used in the present application is an inherent probiotic bacteria in the intestines of bees, which is non-toxic and harmless to bees, has no effect on bee products, and has no environmental pollution, which cannot be achieved by the mite-killing drugs at present. At the same time, the laboratory culture method of the strain is simple and fast, and easy to realize factory production. The Varroa mite control method of the present application is simple and fast in operation, and has good Varroa mite control effect. The present application provides important technical support for realizing healthy bee breeding and green organic bee product production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings accompanying the specification of the present application serve to provide a further understanding of the present application, and the illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions serve to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application.

[0028] Figure 1 Statistical results of the Varroa mite rate of the bee colony in the whole year in Example 1 of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 Statistical results of the infection rate of Varroa mites in capped brood nest houses in the whole year in the bee colony in Example 1 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solutions of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Take the bee farm in Shandong area as an example, use this technology in spring breeding period 3-4 months, select 10 groups of group potential equivalent (single box 4 spleen bees), queen age similar healthy Italian bees, randomly divided into two groups, 5 groups of bees in each group, the control group is fed with 40% sucrose solution, fed 1 time every 2 days, 300mL each time, the feeding position is in the nest box feeding box 1 time sufficient addition of 300mL. The experimental group is fed with 10 6 CFU / mL of Frischella perrara, fed 1 time every 2 days, 300mL each time, the feeding position is in the nest box feeding box 1 time sufficient addition of 300mL. The feeding period is 2 months, and no any acaricide is used in the whole process.

[0033] The statistical results of the parasitic rate of big mites in the bee colony are shown in Table 1.

[0034] Table 1. Parasitic rate of big mites in bee colony in different months (%)

[0035] Months Control group F. perrara group May 3.40％ 2.30％ June 9.30％ 5.10％ July 10％ 4.91％

[0036] As shown in Table 1, the parasitic rate of big mites in the experimental group is lower than that in the control group, which shows that the prevention and control of big mites is achieved in the spring breeding period.

[0037] Figure 1 The statistical results of the parasitic rate of big mites in the bee colony are shown in Table 1. Figure 1 As shown in Table 1, the parasitic rate of big mites in the experimental group is lower than that in the control group, which shows that the prevention and control of big mites is achieved in the spring breeding period.

[0038] Figure 2 The statistical results of the parasitic rate of big mites in the bee colony are shown in Table 1. Figure 2 As shown in Table 1, the parasitic rate of big mites in the experimental group is lower than that in the control group, which shows that the prevention and control of big mites is achieved in the spring breeding period.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] Taking the bee farm in Shandong area as an example, the technology is used in the spring breeding period from March to April, 10 groups of Italian bees with similar population (14-spleen bees in double boxes), healthy queen bees of similar age are selected, and randomly divided into two groups, 5 groups of bees in each group, the control group is fed with 40% sucrose solution, fed once every 2 days, 500mL each time, the feeding position is 300mL in the nest box feeding box each time, and 200mL in the subsequent feeding box. The experimental group is fed with 10 6 CFU / mL of Frischella perrara, fed once every 2 days, 500mL each time, the feeding position is 300mL in the nest box feeding box each time, and 200mL in the subsequent feeding box. The feeding period is 2 months, and no any acaricide is used in the whole process.

[0041] The parasitic rate of big bee mites in the bee groups is counted, the parasitic rate of big bee mites in the experimental group is less than 5%, and is lower than that of the control group, which shows that the prevention and control of big bee mites is realized by feeding Frischella perrara.

[0042] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. Intestinal flora of bees Frischella perrara Application in the preparation of products for the prevention and control of Varroa mites; the bee intestinal bacteria Frischella perrara The strain number is PEB0191.

2. The application as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The application involves using bacteria containing bee gut bacteria. Frischella perrara The bees were fed a sugar solution.

3. The application as described in claim 2, characterized in that, During the spring breeding season for bees, use products containing bee gut bacteria. Frischella perrara Feed the bees with a sugar solution for 2-3 months.

4. The application as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bee gut bacteria Frischella perrara It contains live bacteria.

5. The application as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The sugar solution contains bee gut bacteria Frischella perrara The concentration is 10 6 CFU / mL.

6. The application as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The sugar is sucrose.

7. The application as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The concentration of the sugar solution is 35-45 wt%.

8. The application as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The concentration of the sugar solution is 40 wt%.

9. The application as described in claim 2, characterized in that, For feeding, when the bee colony is in a single hive, the feeding amount is 250-350 mL / time, and the feeding frequency is once every 2 days; when the bee colony is in a double hive, the feeding amount is 450-550 mL / time, and the feeding frequency is once every 2 days.

10. The application as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The feeding procedure is as follows: when the bee colony is in a single hive, the feeding amount is 300 mL / time, and the feeding frequency is once every 2 days; when the bee colony is in a double hive, the feeding amount is 500 mL / time, and the feeding frequency is once every 2 days.

11. The application as described in claim 9, characterized in that, When the group is a single box, the feeding amount is 300 mL / time, and the feeding location is to add 300 mL in the feed box of the nest box at one time. When the colony is in a double-box configuration, the feeding amount is 500 mL per feeding. The feeding location is 300 mL in the feeding box of the nest box and 200 mL in the feeding box of the super box.

12. The application as described in any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The Varroa mite mentioned is *Dishwaryalla*.

13. The application as described in any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The bees mentioned are Western honeybees.

14. The application as described in any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The bees mentioned are Italian honeybees.

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