Airtight space ventilation dust removal device and dust removal method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of closed space ventilation dust removal device and dust removal method, ventilation dust removal device includes air supply fan and dust removal component, the outlet end of the air supply fan is connected with the ventilation pipe of entering closed space and communicates, air distribution connector is connected in ventilation pipe end portion, the air distribution connector is equipped with the air supply branch pipe that is communicated with dust removal component, dust removal component includes the air amplifier that is communicated with air supply branch pipe, and the air flow that enters air amplifier by air supply branch pipe generates negative pressure and carries out dust removal to the air of closed space;Pressure regulating mechanism for guaranteeing the gas pressure of air supply branch pipe is set on air distribution connector, the application utilizes air supply branch pipe and air amplifier to realize using one air supply fan to simultaneously realize the ventilation of closed space and dust removal power supply, equipment energy consumption can be reduced, and the gas pressure in air supply branch pipe is kept using pressure regulating mechanism, to ensure the air extraction processing efficiency of dust removal component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction equipment technology, specifically to a ventilation and dust removal device and method for enclosed spaces. Background Technology

[0002] Construction work often involves welding, grinding, corrosion protection, and sandblasting in enclosed spaces. This process generates a large amount of dust that disperses into the air, affecting the health of workers and reducing oxygen levels, which can lead to accidents. Therefore, ventilation and dust removal systems are necessary to ensure safe operation.

[0003] Existing technologies use fans to deliver air inwards or draw air outwards through manholes. However, due to the limited ventilation space in enclosed spaces, dust removal and air exchange are affected. Furthermore, metal dust generated during welding and grinding cannot be effectively collected and cleaned, accumulating on the filter screen and also affecting dust removal efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical objective: To address the shortcomings of existing enclosed space ventilation and dust removal equipment, this invention discloses an enclosed space ventilation and dust removal device and method that can achieve long-term, efficient, and automatic dust removal while ensuring ventilation effect and operational safety.

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A ventilation and dust removal device for a confined space includes a fan and a dust removal assembly. The outlet end of the fan is connected to a ventilation pipe that enters the confined space. An air distribution connector is connected to the end of the ventilation pipe. The air distribution connector is provided with an air supply branch pipe that communicates with the dust removal assembly. The dust removal assembly includes an air amplifier that communicates with the air supply branch pipe. The airflow entering the air amplifier through the air supply branch pipe generates negative pressure to draw in and remove dust from the air in the confined space. A pressure regulating mechanism is provided on the air distribution connector to ensure the gas pressure in the air supply branch pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the pressure regulating mechanism of the present invention includes a pressure plate slidably disposed in the cavity of the air distribution connector. The air distribution connector is provided with an air outlet pipe for communicating with the cavity of the air distribution connector and supplying air along the sliding path of the pressure plate. The plate surface of the pressure plate faces the airflow direction. A lifting adjustment plate is provided on the side of the pressure plate away from the air inlet direction. A telescopic spring is provided between the lifting adjustment plate and the plate surface of the pressure plate.

[0008] Preferably, the dust removal assembly of the present invention includes a dust removal box and an air outlet pipe. The dust removal box is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. A dust removal air duct is formed by connecting the air inlet and the air outlet through a pipe. An air amplifier is provided on the pipe of the dust removal air duct. Along the dust removal air inlet direction, a separation cylinder and a dust removal filter screen are arranged in sequence at the rear end of the air amplifier. An air inlet connector is provided tangentially along the circumference at the upper part of the separation cylinder, which is connected to the dust removal air duct pipe. An air outlet connector is provided at the center of the bottom end. The end of the air outlet connector located inside the separation cylinder is higher than the end face of the bottom end of the separation cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the inner wall of the separator of the present invention adopts a cylindrical structure with a middle diameter larger than the diameters at both ends, and the two end faces are connected by a rounded transition.

[0010] Preferably, the separator of the present invention has a plurality of spiral guide vanes below the air inlet connector for guiding particulate matter in the air to the bottom of the separator. The cross-section of the spiral guide vane is a curved structure with an inner high and an outer low, which restricts the air intake to the area between the spiral guide vane and the wall of the separator.

[0011] Preferably, the spiral guide vanes of the present invention are arranged in several layers inside the separation cylinder. The diameter of the guiding area formed by the lower spiral guide vanes is larger than the diameter of the guiding area formed by the upper spiral guide vanes, and the outer diameter of the guiding area formed by the bottommost spiral guide vanes is consistent with the diameter of the inner wall of the separation cylinder at the corresponding position.

[0012] Preferably, in this invention, the spiral guide vanes of adjacent layers have overlapping areas in the radial direction along the diameter of the separation cylinder.

[0013] This invention discloses a method for dust removal in a confined space. Using the aforementioned confined space ventilation and dust removal device, air is supplied to the confined space by a fan, and the airflow enters the air distribution joint through the ventilation pipe. Part of the airflow enters the air amplifier from the air supply branch pipe on the air distribution joint, and the air amplifier creates a negative pressure in the dust removal component, drawing the gas in the confined space into the dust removal component for dust removal. The other part of the gas enters the confined space for ventilation.

[0014] Preferably, after the dust-laden gas enters the dust removal component in a closed space, the gas particles are separated in the separation cylinder. The gas first enters the separation cylinder along the tangential direction at the top of the separation cylinder. Under the action of the spiral guide vanes, the particles are sent to the bottom of the separation cylinder by centrifugal force and gravity. The remaining gas is discharged into the outlet pipe through the gas outlet connector of the separation cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, in this invention, when gas enters the air amplifier through the gas supply branch pipe, the gas pressure in the gas supply branch pipe is maintained by the pressure regulating mechanism in the gas distribution connector. When the pressure is greater than or equal to the required gas pressure value, the pressure plate moves down under the pressure, and the air outlet pipe of the gas distribution connector is connected to provide ventilation and gas supply to the sealed space. When the pressure is less than the required gas pressure value, the pressure plate moves up, and the air path between the air outlet pipe of the gas distribution connector and the gas distribution connector cavity is disconnected.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The enclosed space ventilation and dust removal device and method disclosed in this invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. This invention utilizes an air supply branch pipe and an air amplifier to simultaneously provide power for ventilation and dust removal in a confined space using a single air supply fan, which can reduce equipment energy consumption. Furthermore, the pressure regulating mechanism maintains the gas pressure entering the air supply branch pipe, thereby ensuring the air extraction efficiency of the dust removal components.

[0018] 2. The pressure regulating mechanism of the present invention uses a slidingly mounted pressure plate to control the connection and disconnection between the air outlet pipe and the air distribution connector, thereby controlling the pressure inside the pipe. Furthermore, the structure of the present invention is based on mechanical motion and does not require electrical equipment, which can reduce the difficulty of operation in confined spaces.

[0019] 3. The dust removal component of the present invention is equipped with a separation cylinder. The airflow enters the separation cylinder tangentially through the air inlet connector. The centrifugal force generated in the separation cylinder can be used to separate solid particles from gas, thereby reducing the filtration amount of the subsequent dust removal filter and enabling the equipment to operate for a long time.

[0020] 4. The separation cylinder of this invention adopts a cylindrical structure with a diameter in the middle that is larger than that at both ends, which can better aggregate particles and improve the separation effect.

[0021] 5. The present invention provides a spiral guide vane inside the separation cylinder. The spiral guide vane can accelerate the airflow velocity and make it flow spirally along the wall of the separation cylinder, thereby increasing the centrifugal force. In addition, the shape design of the spiral guide vane cross section restricts the particulate matter to the wall of the separation cylinder, thereby reducing the particulate matter content in the discharged gas.

[0022] 6. The spiral guide vane of the present invention has a layered design, and the diameter of the guide area gradually increases along the airflow direction. Combined with the structure of the separation cylinder, it can guide the particles to the inner wall of the separation cylinder step by step. Even if the centrifugal force is reduced, the particles will move along the spiral guide vane and fall to the bottom of the separation cylinder by gravity. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air distribution connector of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the separation cylinder of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral guide vane assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Among them, 1-ventilation pipe, 2-air distribution connector, 3-air supply branch pipe, 4-air amplifier, 5-pressure plate, 6-air outlet pipe, 7-lifting adjustment plate, 8-telescopic spring, 9-dust collector box, 10-air outlet pipe, 11-air inlet, 12-air outlet, 13-separation cylinder, 14-dust filter screen, 15-air inlet connector, 16-air outlet connector, 17-spiral guide vane. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of this disclosure, one or more of which are set forth herein. Each embodiment and example is provided by way of explanation of the apparatus, composition, and materials of this disclosure, and not by way of limitation. Rather, the following description provides convenient illustrations for implementing exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. Indeed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made within the teachings of this disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of this disclosure. For example, a feature shown or described as part of one embodiment may be used in conjunction with another embodiment to produce yet another embodiment. It is intended that this disclosure cover such modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. Other objects, features, and aspects of this disclosure are disclosed or apparent from the following detailed description. It is to be understood by those skilled in the art that this discussion is merely a description of exemplary embodiments and is not intended to limit the broader aspects of this disclosure.

[0030] like Figures 1-4 The diagram shows a closed-space ventilation and dust removal device disclosed in this invention, comprising a fan and a dust removal assembly. The outlet end of the fan is connected to a ventilation pipe 1 that enters the closed space. An air distribution connector 2 is connected to the end of the ventilation pipe 1. The air distribution connector 2 is provided with an air supply branch pipe 3 that communicates with the dust removal assembly. The dust removal assembly includes an air amplifier 4 that communicates with the air supply branch pipe 3. The airflow entering the air amplifier 4 through the air supply branch pipe 3 generates negative pressure to draw in the air in the closed space and remove dust. A pressure regulating mechanism is provided on the air distribution connector 2 to ensure the gas pressure in the air supply branch pipe 3.

[0031] This invention utilizes the gas pull provided by the blower in conjunction with the air amplifier 4 to achieve the extraction and removal of dust-laden gas in a confined space during air supply, eliminating the need for a separate dust removal blower, thereby reducing the overall energy consumption and equipment cost of the system; the pressure regulating mechanism can maintain the air supply pressure to provide sufficient suction to ensure dust removal efficiency and achieve rapid air renewal in the confined space.

[0032] To facilitate control of the gas supply pressure and simplify the structure and operation of the device, this invention utilizes a purely mechanical structure for pressure control, eliminating the need for electrical equipment. This avoids the need for connecting cables, which would further increase operational safety hazards. In a specific embodiment, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the pressure regulating mechanism of the present invention includes a pressure plate 5 slidably disposed in the cavity of the air distribution connector 2. The air distribution connector 2 is provided with an air outlet pipe 6 on the sliding path of the pressure plate 5 for communicating with the air distribution connector cavity to supply air. The plate surface of the pressure plate 5 faces the airflow direction. A lifting adjustment plate 7 is provided on the side of the pressure plate 5 away from the air inlet direction. A telescopic spring 8 is provided between the lifting adjustment plate 7 and the plate surface of the pressure plate 5.

[0033] A guide rod can also be inserted inside the telescopic spring 8. The guide rod is slidably connected to the pressure plate 5, and its bottom end is fixed to the lifting adjustment plate 7. As the fan continuously intakes air, the gas pressure in the air distribution joint 2 will increase when the gas cannot be discharged smoothly. This will increase the gas pressure flowing into the air supply branch pipe 3, so that sufficient negative pressure can be formed in the air amplifier for air intake. The fan can be an axial flow fan with a high output pressure to provide sufficient air pressure. At the same time, under the action of pressure, the pressure plate 5 will overcome the thrust of the telescopic spring 8 and move down. When the pressure plate 5 moves down to the air outlet pipe 6, the gas will be discharged from the air outlet pipe 6 to ventilate the enclosed space.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the dust removal assembly of the present invention includes a dust removal box 9 and an air outlet pipe 10. The dust removal box 9 is provided with an air inlet 11 and an air outlet 12. A dust removal air duct is formed by connecting the air inlet 11 and the air outlet 12 through a pipeline. An air amplifier 4 is provided on the pipeline of the dust removal air duct. Along the dust removal air inlet direction, a separation cylinder 13 and a dust removal filter screen 14 are arranged sequentially at the rear end of the air amplifier 4. An air inlet connector 15 is provided tangentially along the circumference of the upper part of the separation cylinder 13. The air inlet connector 15 is connected to the dust removal air duct pipeline. An air outlet connector 16 is provided at the center of the bottom end. The end of the air outlet connector 16 located inside the separation cylinder 13 is higher than the end face of the bottom end of the separation cylinder 13, so that the air outlet connector 16 and the separation cylinder 13 can form a space for storing separated particles.

[0035] To facilitate the collection of particulate matter in the gas, the inner wall of the separator 13 of the present invention adopts a cylindrical structure with a diameter in the middle larger than that at both ends, and the two end faces are connected by an arc transition. The separator 13 has several spiral guide vanes 17 below the air inlet connector 15 to guide the particulate matter in the air to the bottom of the separator 13. The cross-section of the spiral guide vane 17 is a curved structure with an inner high and an outer low, which restricts the air intake to the area between the spiral guide vane 17 and the wall of the separator 13.

[0036] When the gas enters the separator 13 tangentially, it flows spirally along the direction of the spiral guide vane 17. Under the action of centrifugal force, the particles in the gas, due to their large mass, can be located near the inner wall of the separator 13. After detaching from the spiral guide vane 17, they fall into the storage space around the gas outlet 16 under the action of gravity. By periodically removing the accumulated particles, the separator 13 can be reused. It can also reduce the content of impurities attached to the dust removal filter, extend the service life of the dust removal components, and maintain the cleanliness of the air in the closed space for a long time.

[0037] After the gas enters the separator, its spiral momentum generated by tangential flow decreases as it flows. To prevent larger particles from falling into the outlet joint 16 and affecting the separation effect, such as... Figure 4 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the spiral guide vanes 17 are arranged in several layers inside the separation cylinder 13. The diameter of the guiding area formed by the lower spiral guide vanes 17 is larger than the diameter of the guiding area formed by the upper spiral guide vanes 17. The outer diameter of the guiding area formed by the bottom spiral guide vanes is consistent with the diameter of the inner wall of the separation cylinder at the corresponding position. Furthermore, along the diameter direction of the separation cylinder 13, there is a radial overlap area between adjacent spiral guide vanes. By utilizing the multi-layer structure of the spiral guide vanes and the profile design of the spiral guide vane cross-section, even when the particles are large or fall due to the decrease in gas flow velocity, it can still be ensured that the particles will fall into the collection space of the separation cylinder 13, thus ensuring the separation and recovery effect of particulate impurities in the gas.

[0038] This invention also discloses a method for dust removal in a confined space. Using the aforementioned confined space ventilation and dust removal device, air is supplied to the confined space by a fan, and the airflow enters the air distribution joint through a ventilation pipe. Part of the airflow enters the air amplifier from the air supply branch pipe on the air distribution joint. The air amplifier creates a negative pressure in the dust removal component, drawing the gas in the confined space into the dust removal component for dust removal. When the gas enters the air amplifier through the air supply branch pipe, the pressure regulating mechanism in the air distribution joint maintains the gas pressure in the air supply branch pipe. When the pressure is greater than or equal to the required gas pressure value, the pressure plate moves down under the pressure, and the air outlet pipe of the air distribution joint is connected to provide ventilation and air supply to the confined space. When the pressure is less than the required gas pressure value, the pressure plate moves up, and the air passage between the air outlet pipe of the air distribution joint and the air distribution joint cavity is disconnected.

[0039] In this invention, after the dust-laden gas enters the dust removal assembly in a closed space, the gas particles are separated in the separation cylinder. The gas first enters the separation cylinder tangentially at the top. Under the action of the spiral guide vanes, the particles are sent to the bottom of the separation cylinder by centrifugal force and gravity. The remaining gas is discharged through the gas outlet connector of the separation cylinder into the gas outlet pipe. After passing through the dust removal filter screen to remove residual small dust particles, the gas is discharged into the atmosphere.

[0040] The ventilation and dust removal method of this invention can ensure effective air renewal in enclosed spaces, guarantee the safety of the working environment for operators and the safety of equipment use. Furthermore, due to the separation cylinder, the accumulation rate of dust on the dust removal filter screen can be reduced, enabling the equipment to meet the ventilation and dust removal needs for long-term operation.

[0041] As described above, although the invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting the invention itself. Various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A ventilation and dust removal device for a confined space, characterized in that, It includes a blower and a dust removal assembly. The outlet end of the blower is connected to a ventilation pipe (1) that enters the sealed space. An air distribution connector (2) is connected to the end of the ventilation pipe (1). The air distribution connector (2) is provided with an air supply branch pipe (3) that is connected to the dust removal assembly. The dust removal assembly includes an air amplifier (4) that is connected to the air supply branch pipe (3). The airflow entering the air amplifier (4) through the air supply branch pipe (3) generates negative pressure to draw in the air in the sealed space and remove dust. A pressure regulating mechanism is provided on the air distribution connector (2) to ensure the gas pressure of the air supply branch pipe (3). The pressure regulating mechanism includes a pressure plate (5) slidably disposed in the cavity of the air distribution connector (2). The air distribution connector (2) is provided with an air outlet pipe (6) on the sliding path of the pressure plate (5) for communicating with the cavity of the air distribution connector to supply air. The plate surface of the pressure plate (5) faces the airflow direction. A lifting adjustment plate (7) is provided on the side of the pressure plate (5) away from the air intake direction. A telescopic spring (8) is provided between the lifting adjustment plate (7) and the plate surface of the pressure plate (5). The dust removal assembly includes a dust removal box (9) and an air outlet pipe (10). The dust removal box (9) is provided with an air inlet (11) and an air outlet (12). A dust removal air passage is formed between the air inlet (11) and the air outlet (12) by a pipeline. An air amplifier (4) is provided on the pipeline of the dust removal air passage. Along the dust removal air inlet direction, a separation cylinder (13) and a dust removal filter (14) are arranged in sequence at the rear end of the air amplifier (4). An air inlet connector (15) is provided on the upper part of the separation cylinder (13) along the circumferential tangential direction. The air inlet connector (15) is connected to the dust removal air passage pipeline. An air outlet connector (16) is provided at the center of the bottom end. The end of the air outlet connector (16) located inside the separation cylinder (13) is higher than the end face of the bottom end of the separation cylinder (13). The inner wall of the separator (13) adopts a cylindrical structure with a diameter in the middle larger than that at both ends, and the two end faces are connected by a circular arc transition. The separator (13) has several spiral guide vanes (17) below the air inlet connector (15) to guide the particulate matter in the air to the bottom of the separator (13). The cross-section of the spiral guide vane (17) is a curved structure with an inner high and an outer low, which restricts the air intake to the area between the spiral guide vane (17) and the wall of the separator (13). The spiral guide vanes (17) are arranged in several layers inside the separation cylinder (13). The diameter of the guiding area formed by the lower spiral guide vanes (17) is larger than the diameter of the guiding area formed by the upper spiral guide vanes (17). The outer diameter of the guiding area formed by the bottom spiral guide vanes is consistent with the diameter of the inner wall of the separation cylinder at the corresponding position. When gas enters the air amplifier through the gas supply branch pipe, the gas pressure in the gas supply branch pipe is maintained by the pressure regulating mechanism in the gas distribution joint. When the pressure is greater than or equal to the required gas pressure value, the pressure plate moves down under the pressure, and the air outlet pipe of the gas distribution joint is connected to provide ventilation for the closed space. When the pressure is less than the required gas pressure value, the pressure plate moves up, and the air passage between the air outlet pipe of the gas distribution joint and the gas distribution joint cavity is disconnected. When the pressure plate moves down to the air outlet pipe, the gas will be discharged from the air outlet pipe to provide ventilation for the closed space. By using an air supply branch pipe and an air amplifier, a single air supply fan can simultaneously provide power for ventilation and dust removal in a confined space. Furthermore, a pressure regulating mechanism is used to maintain the gas pressure entering the air supply branch pipe, thereby ensuring the air extraction efficiency of the dust removal components.

2. The enclosed space ventilation and dust removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the diameter direction of the separation cylinder (13), there is a radial overlap area between the spiral guide vanes of two adjacent layers.

3. A method for dust removal in a confined space, using a confined space ventilation and dust removal device as described in any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, Air is supplied to the enclosed space by a blower, and the airflow enters the air distribution joint through the ventilation pipe; part of the airflow enters the air amplifier from the air supply branch pipe on the air distribution joint, and the air amplifier creates a negative pressure in the dust removal component, which draws the gas in the enclosed space into the dust removal component for dust removal; the other part of the gas enters the enclosed space for ventilation.

4. The method for dust removal in a confined space according to claim 3, characterized in that, After the dust-laden gas enters the dust removal component in the enclosed space, the gas particles are separated in the separation cylinder. The gas first enters the separation cylinder tangentially at the top. Under the action of the spiral guide vanes, the particles are sent to the bottom of the separation cylinder by centrifugal force and gravity. The remaining gas is discharged into the outlet pipe through the gas outlet connector of the separation cylinder.

5. A method for dust removal in a confined space according to claim 3, characterized in that, When gas enters the air amplifier through the gas supply branch pipe, the gas pressure in the gas supply branch pipe is maintained by the pressure regulating mechanism in the gas distribution joint. When the pressure is greater than or equal to the required gas pressure value, the pressure plate moves down under the pressure, and the air outlet pipe of the gas distribution joint is connected to provide ventilation and gas supply to the closed space. When the pressure is less than the required gas pressure value, the pressure plate moves up, and the air path between the air outlet pipe of the gas distribution joint and the gas distribution joint cavity is disconnected.

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