An air-cooled energy storage system and its temperature control method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of air-cooled energy storage systems, and provides an air-cooled energy storage system and a temperature control method thereof. The air-cooled energy storage system includes a battery compartment, a plurality of battery box modules arranged in the battery compartment, and a cabinet air conditioner arranged on the rear door of the battery compartment. The battery box module is provided with a radiator. A cold air duct, a vertical duct, and a hot air duct are arranged in the battery compartment. After the cold air of the cabinet air conditioner passes through the cold air duct, it enters the vertical duct upward and downward respectively, and then becomes hot air after passing through the battery box module. The hot air enters the cabinet air conditioner through the hot air duct. The air-cooled energy storage system and the temperature control method thereof of the present invention can make the temperature in the entire battery compartment balanced, without local overheating, and improve the service life of the energy storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of air-cooled energy storage systems, and particularly relates to an air-cooled energy storage system and a temperature control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the battery compartment inside the cabinet of traditional energy storage system products, forced air convection is carried out with the outside of the battery compartment through a fan, and the heat generated by the battery cells during charging and discharging is taken out of the compartment by the flowing air. Or a refrigeration (heating) type air conditioner is installed in the battery compartment, and cold air (hot air) is generated by the air conditioning refrigeration system to exchange heat with the heat generated by the battery cells during charging and discharging to reduce the temperature inside the battery compartment. Due to the lack of an independent air duct or unreasonable air duct design in traditional products, during the operation of the product, the temperature difference between the battery cells in the same system is relatively large, resulting in the system needing to derate operation to reduce the heat generation of the battery cells to narrow the temperature difference value of the battery cells. However, this cannot make full use of the product. When the temperature difference value of the battery cells is at the limit for a long time, it will also accelerate the aging of the battery cells and shorten the effective life of the battery cells. At the same time, due to the unreasonable air duct, the switching frequency of the cabinet air conditioner increases, affecting the normal life of the air conditioner. Also, due to the frequent start of the air conditioner compressor, the power consumption increases, directly increasing the operating cost of the customer. In summary, the prior art has the following disadvantages:

[0003] 1. Forced air convection by the fan for heat exchange has low efficiency. The temperature inside the battery compartment is greatly affected by the ambient temperature outside the cabinet, and dust and other sundries are likely to enter the inside of the battery box module, posing certain potential safety hazards.

[0004] 2. A refrigeration (heating) type air conditioner is installed in the battery compartment. However, due to the difference in the distance between the installation positions of different battery box modules in the battery compartment and the air outlet of the air conditioner, the battery temperatures of different battery box modules are different. Due to the excessive temperature difference between the battery cells, it will affect the service life of the battery cells and the normal power output of the energy storage system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the invention is to provide an air-cooled energy storage system and a temperature control method thereof to solve the problem that the excessive temperature difference between the battery cells in the battery box module will affect the service life of the battery cells and the normal power output of the energy storage system.

[0006] The invention provides an air-cooled energy storage system, including a battery compartment, a plurality of battery box modules arranged in the battery compartment, and a cabinet air conditioner arranged on the rear compartment door of the battery compartment. The battery box module is provided with a radiator. A cold air duct, a vertical air duct, and a hot air duct are arranged in the battery compartment. After the cold air of the cabinet air conditioner passes through the cold air duct, it enters the vertical air duct upward and downward respectively, and then becomes hot air after passing through the battery box module. The hot air enters the cabinet air conditioner through the hot air duct.

[0007] Further, a number of the battery box modules are stacked up and down and arranged in two columns on the left and right. A vertical air duct is formed between the two columns of the battery box modules, on the left side of the left column of the battery box modules, and on the right side of the right column of the battery box modules.

[0008] Further, the battery box module includes a box body, a plurality of battery cells arranged on the left and right sides inside the box body, and the radiator arranged at the front end of the box body; module air inlets are respectively arranged on both sides of the box body, and a module air outlet is arranged at one end of the box body corresponding to the radiator; a battery box cold air duct is formed between two adjacent battery cells on the same side through a wind guide plate, a battery box hot air duct is formed in the middle of the box body, the outlet of the battery box cold air duct is communicated with the inlet of the battery box hot air duct, and the outlet of the battery box hot air duct is communicated with the module air outlet.

[0009] Further, an air conditioner cold air outlet is arranged on the lower side of the cabinet air conditioner, an air conditioner hot air return port is arranged on the upper side of the cabinet air conditioner, the cold air duct inlet of the cold air duct is communicated with the air conditioner cold air outlet, and a plurality of cold air duct outlets communicated with the vertical channel are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the cold air duct.

[0010] Further, the hot air duct includes a first hot air duct, a second hot air duct, and a third hot air duct that are sequentially communicated. The first hot air duct is located between the front end of the battery box module and the front compartment door of the battery compartment, the second hot air duct is located between the top of the uppermost battery box module and the upper cover of the battery compartment, and the third hot air duct is located between the rear end of the battery box module and the rear compartment door of the battery compartment.

[0011] Further, an intermediate partition is arranged in the second hot air duct, and the end of the intermediate partition is located at the middle position of the outlet of the second hot air duct.

[0012] Further, an air conditioner air outlet is arranged on the upper side of the outside of the cabinet air conditioner, and a natural air inlet is arranged on the lower side of the outside of the cabinet air conditioner.

[0013] In the above air-cooled energy storage system, by blowing air in two directions, upward and downward, through the cold air duct outlets, it is ensured that when the cold air enters the vertical air ducts on both sides of the battery box module, it can quickly flow upward and downward in the vertical air ducts, making the temperatures at both ends and the middle position in the same vertical air duct relatively uniform; in addition, the unique design of the air ducts inside the battery box module enables each battery cell inside the battery box module to be evenly cooled; furthermore, the unique design of the intermediate partition in the second hot air duct ensures that the hot air flowing out of the outlet of the second hot air duct is approximately the same on the left and right, avoiding temperature imbalance on the left and right; furthermore, the overall air duct design realizes the separation of the cold and hot air ducts, without mutual influence, and improves the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a temperature control method for an air-cooled energy storage system, which is applied to the air-cooled energy storage system of the present invention. The method includes:

[0015] Obtain the real-time temperature information of each battery box module through a temperature sensor, and send the real-time temperature information to the slave control module;

[0016] The slave control module sends the real-time temperature information to the master control module. The master control module converts the real-time temperature information into a real-time temperature value and compares it with a set temperature threshold. When the real-time temperature value is higher than the set temperature threshold, the rotation speed of the radiator corresponding to the corresponding battery box module is increased. When the real-time temperature value is lower than the set temperature threshold, the rotation speed of the radiator corresponding to the corresponding battery box module is decreased.

[0017] Further, the step of increasing the rotation speed of the radiator corresponding to the corresponding battery box module includes: adjusting the gear of the radiator to increase the rotation speed of the radiator.

[0018] Further, the gears of the radiator include: 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% of the rated rotation speed.

[0019] The above temperature control method for an air-cooled energy storage system obtains the real-time temperature information of each battery box module through a temperature sensor and sends the real-time temperature information to the slave control module; then sends the real-time temperature information to the master control module through the slave control module. The master control module converts the real-time temperature information into a real-time temperature value and compares it with a set temperature threshold. When the real-time temperature value is higher than the set temperature threshold, the rotation speed of the fan corresponding to the corresponding battery box module is increased. When the real-time temperature value is lower than the set temperature threshold, the rotation speed of the fan corresponding to the corresponding battery box module is decreased. In this way, the temperature difference between different battery box modules can be reduced, so that the temperatures of the battery cores in the entire battery compartment are as close as possible to achieve balance, and the service life of the energy storage system is improved. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a module diagram of the control method of the air-cooled energy storage system in the invention embodiment;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a perspective view of the air-cooled energy storage system in the first perspective in the invention embodiment;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a perspective view of the air-cooled energy storage system in the second perspective in the invention embodiment;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic top view of the air-cooled energy storage system in the invention embodiment;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a perspective view of the battery box module in the air-cooled energy storage system in the invention embodiment;

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the battery box module in Figure 5 ;

[0026] Figure 7 is a view of the air-cooled energy storage system in the third perspective in the embodiment of the invention;

[0027] Figure 8 is a view of the air-cooled energy storage system in the fourth perspective in the embodiment of the invention;

[0028] Figure 9 is an enlarged view of the first cold air duct in the air-cooled energy storage system in the embodiment of the invention;

[0029] Figure 10 is another enlarged view of the cold air duct in the air-cooled energy storage system in the embodiment of the invention.

[0030] Description of main component symbols:

[0031] Battery compartment 10 Third hot air duct 133 Air return opening of air conditioner hot air 32 Front compartment door 101 Battery box module 20 Control component 40 Upper cover 102 Box body 21 Main control module 41 Rear compartment door 104 Hot air duct of battery box 211 Slave control module 42 Vertical duct 11 Cold air duct of battery box 212 Temperature sensor 43 Cold air duct 12 Module air inlet 213 Exhaust fan 50 Cold air duct air inlet 120 Module air outlet 214 Side partition of second hot air duct 60 Cold air duct air outlet 121 Air deflector 215 Second hot air duct air inlet 61 Hot air duct 13 Electric core 22 Intermediate partition 70 Distribution box 14 Radiator 23 Second hot air duct air outlet 71 First hot air duct 131 Cabinet air conditioner 30 Third hot air duct air outlet 81 Second hot air duct 132 Air conditioner cold air outlet 31

[0032] The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the invention in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings. Specific Embodiments

[0033] For the convenience of understanding the invention, the invention will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are given in the drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0034] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixedly provided on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the invention belongs. The terms used in the description of the invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1 to 10, the present invention provides an air-cooled energy storage system, including a battery compartment 10, a plurality of battery box modules 20 disposed within the battery compartment 10, and a cabinet air conditioner 30 disposed on the rear compartment door 104 of the battery compartment. The system further includes a control component 40, which includes a main control module 41, a slave control module 42 connected to the main control module 41, and a temperature sensor 43 connected to the slave control module 42. The main control module 41 is further connected to the radiator 23 of the battery box module 20, and the temperature sensor 43 is disposed within the battery box module 20.

[0037] For the above air-cooled energy storage system, the real-time temperature information of each battery box module 20 is obtained through the temperature sensor 43 and sent to the slave control module 42; then the real-time temperature information is sent to the main control module 41 through the slave control module 42. After the main control module 41 converts the real-time temperature information into a real-time temperature value and compares it with the set temperature threshold, when the real-time temperature value is higher than the set temperature threshold, the rotation speed of the cooling fan (radiator 23) corresponding to the corresponding battery box module 20 is increased. When the real-time temperature value is lower than the set temperature threshold, the rotation speed of the fan corresponding to the corresponding battery box module 20 is decreased. In this way, the temperature difference between different battery box modules 20 can be reduced, making the temperature of the battery box modules 20 within the entire battery compartment 10 as close as possible to achieve balance, and improving the service life of the energy storage system.

[0038] It should be noted that both the main control module 41 and the slave control module 42 can be PCB control circuit boards, which are provided with control chips, control circuits, memories, buffers, etc. to achieve control functions.

[0039] It should be noted that the main control module 41 can independently control the cooling fans (radiators 23) of each battery box module 20 in the battery compartment 10. At the same time, the rotational speed of the fans can be designed in multiple gear forms (for example, divided into 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%, or other gears can be divided according to actual needs, such as 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, 75%, 90%, 100%, etc.; the 100% gear corresponds to the rated rotational speed of the fan, and the other gears correspond to a certain ratio of the rated rotational speed, that is, when in the n% gear, the corresponding fan rotational speed is n% of the rated rotational speed, 0 < n < 100). By controlling the rotational speed of the fan in the battery box module 20 based on different temperature values, the heat exchange efficiency in the battery box module 20 can be adjusted, thereby reducing the temperature difference between different battery box modules 20, making the core temperatures in the entire battery compartment as close as possible and achieving balance. To keep the temperature inside the battery compartment 10 within the optimal operating temperature range of the battery box module 20, the start-up temperature and shutdown temperature of the cabinet air conditioner 30 installed on the rear door of the battery compartment 10 are also pre-set correspondingly. Through calculation and testing, the temperature error value for controlling the start-up and shutdown of the air conditioner is controlled within 3°C, and the expected design effect can be achieved.

[0040] In an embodiment of the present invention, the rear door 104 is pivotally connected to the battery compartment 10 for replacing the cabinet air conditioner 30.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, there are two rear doors 104, and the cabinet air conditioner 30 is installed on one of the rear doors 104.

[0042] In an embodiment of the present invention, inside the battery compartment 10, several battery box modules 20 are stacked vertically and arranged in two left and right columns (for example, there are N battery box modules 20 in the battery compartment, N / 2 battery box modules 20 are stacked vertically to form the left column, and N / 2 battery box modules 20 are stacked vertically to form the right column, N is an even number greater than or equal to 4). A vertical air duct 11 is formed between the two columns of battery box modules, on the left side of the left column of battery box modules, and on the right side of the right column of battery box modules.

[0043] In an embodiment of the present invention, stacked brackets are provided inside the battery compartment 10, and each battery box module 20 corresponds to a bracket. The bracket supports the battery box module 20; each battery box module 20 is placed on its corresponding bracket. In addition, the bracket allows a certain gap between adjacent battery box modules 20, which helps with heat dissipation.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, the battery box module 20 includes a box body 21, a plurality of battery cells 22 disposed within the box body 21, and a radiator 23 disposed at the front end of the box body 21. In one embodiment, the radiator 23 is an exhaust radiator; module air inlets 213 are respectively provided on both sides of the box body 21, and a module air outlet 214 is provided at one end of the box body 21 corresponding to the radiator 23; the plurality of battery cells 22 are evenly arranged on the left and right sides (that is, the number of battery cells on the left and right sides is the same. For example, there are a total of M battery cells 22, M / 2 battery cells 22 are located on the left side within the box body 21, and M / 2 battery cells 22 are located on the right side within the box body 21, where M is an even number greater than or equal to 4). Two air guide plates 215 are provided between two adjacent battery cells 22 on the same side. The outer sides of the two air guide plates 25 are respectively adjacent to the two corresponding battery cells 22, and the space formed by the inner sides of the two air guide plates 25 is the battery box cold air duct 212; a battery box hot air duct 211 is formed in the middle of the box body 21. The outlet of the battery box cold air duct 212 is communicated with the inlet of the battery box hot air duct 211, and one end (outlet) of the battery box hot air duct 211 is communicated with the module air outlet 214.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, an air conditioner cold air outlet 31 is provided on the lower side of the cabinet air conditioner 30. Preferably, the air conditioner cold air outlet 31 corresponds to the position that is centered vertically within the battery compartment; an air conditioner hot air return port 32 is provided on the upper side of the cabinet air conditioner 30; a cold air duct 12 and a hot air duct 13 are provided within the battery compartment 10. The cold air duct 12 is located at the rear end of the battery compartment, or between the rear end of the battery box module 20 and the rear compartment door 104; a cold air duct air inlet 120 is provided on the side of the cold air duct 12 close to the air conditioner, and the cold air duct air inlet 120 is communicated with the air conditioner cold air outlet 31. A plurality of cold air duct air outlets 121 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the cold air duct 12, and the cold air duct air outlets 121 are communicated with the vertical air duct 11. The hot air duct 13 includes a first hot air duct 131, a second hot air duct 132, and a third hot air duct 133 that are sequentially communicated. The first hot air duct 131 is located between the front end of the battery box module 20 and the front compartment door 101 of the battery compartment 10. The second hot air duct 132 is located between the top of the uppermost battery box module 20 and the upper cover 102 of the battery compartment (that is, the upper cover 102 of the energy storage system). The third hot air duct 133 is located between the rear end of the battery box module 20 and the rear compartment door 104 of the battery compartment 10.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, second hot air duct side partitions 60 are provided on the left and right sides of the second hot air duct 132. An intermediate partition 70 is provided in the second hot air duct 132. Second hot air duct air inlets 61 (such as square ventilation holes) are respectively provided at the front side of the top of the uppermost battery box module 20. The head end of the intermediate partition 70 is adjacent to one of the second hot air duct air inlets 61, and the tail end of the intermediate partition 70 is located at the second hot air duct air outlet 71. Preferably, the tail end of the intermediate partition 70 is located at the center line position of the second hot air duct air outlet 71, so as to ensure that the hot air flowing out from the second hot air duct air outlet 71 is approximately the same on the left and right.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, the bending angle of the intermediate partition 70 is designed to be an obtuse angle, with small wind resistance, which is beneficial to the rapid flow of hot air, accelerates air circulation, thereby accelerating the heat exchange efficiency in the battery compartment and improving the working efficiency of the battery.

[0048] Under the action of the internal fan of the cabinet air conditioner 30, the cold air (cold wind) inside the cabinet air conditioner 30 passes through the air conditioner cold air outlet 31, enters the cold air duct 12 through the cold air duct air inlet 120 communicated therewith, and then is sent to the vertical air duct 11 from a plurality of cold air duct air outlets 121, and then enters the battery box cold air duct 212 from the module air inlets 213 on both sides of the battery box module 20. The cold air exchanges heat with the air guiding plates 215 on both sides of the cold air duct 212, and brings the heat conducted by the battery cells 22 to the air guiding plates 215 into the battery box hot air duct 211. Driven by the heat dissipation fan (radiator 23), the hot air flows out of the battery box module 20 through the module air outlet 214 and enters the first hot air duct 131. The hot air in the first hot air duct 131 rises, enters the second hot air duct 132 after passing through the second hot air duct inlet 61 (such as square ventilation holes) near the top, and then flows to the third hot air duct 133 from the second hot air duct air outlet 71, and flows to the air conditioner hot air return port 32 through the third hot air duct air outlet 81 and enters the inside of the cabinet air conditioner 30, thereby forming an internal cycle of the air conditioner for refrigeration and heat exchange.

[0049] In summary, the internal circulation path is: cabinet air conditioner 30 - cold air - air conditioner cold air outlet 31 - cold air duct air inlet 120 - cold air duct 12 - cold air duct air outlet 121 - entering the vertical air duct 11 upward and downward - battery box module 20 (module air inlet 213 - battery box cold air duct 212 - hot air - battery box hot air duct 211 - module air outlet 214) - first hot air duct 131 - second hot air duct 132 - third hot air duct 133 - air conditioner hot air return port 32 - cabinet air conditioner 30.

[0050] In one embodiment, the cabinet air conditioner 30 can perform an external circulation. A hot air outlet (not shown in the figure) is provided on the upper side of the outside of the cabinet air conditioner 30, and a natural air inlet (not shown in the figure) is provided on the lower side of the outside of the cabinet air conditioner 30 to realize the external circulation of the cabinet air conditioner 30.

[0051] In one embodiment, there are three vertical air ducts 11, and there are a total of 6 cold air duct outlets 121, that is, there are three cold air duct outlets 121 at the upper and lower parts of the cold air duct, which are respectively communicated with the corresponding vertical air ducts 11.

[0052] In one embodiment, among the three vertical air ducts 11, the ventilation volumes of the two side vertical air ducts 11 are the same, and the ventilation volume of the middle vertical air duct 11 is the sum of the ventilation volumes of the two side vertical air ducts 11.

[0053] In one embodiment, among the three vertical air ducts 11, the volume / cross-sectional area of the two side vertical air ducts 11 is the same, and the volume / cross-sectional area of the middle vertical air duct 11 is the sum of the volume / cross-sectional areas of the two side vertical air ducts 11.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, the air-cooled energy storage system further includes a distribution box 14, which is located on one side of the battery compartment 13 and shares the upper cover 102 with the battery compartment 10. A plurality of exhaust fans 50 are provided on the rear box door 141 of the distribution box 14, which are mainly used for dissipating heat from the internal components of the distribution box 14.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, for both the cold air duct 12 and the hot air duct 13, the cold air (cool air) and the hot air (hot air) can be made to flow along the specified routes by setting sealing plates.

[0056] With the above structural design, the air-cooled energy storage system of the present invention blows air in two directions, upward and downward, through the cold air duct outlets 121, so as to ensure that when the cold air enters the vertical air ducts 11 on both sides of the battery box module 20, it can quickly flow upward and downward in the vertical air ducts 11, making the temperatures at both ends and the middle position in the same vertical air duct 11 relatively uniform; in addition, the unique design of the air ducts in the battery box module 20 enables each battery cell in the battery box module 20 to be evenly cooled; furthermore, the unique design of the middle partition 70 in the second hot air duct 132 ensures that the hot air flowing out from the second hot air duct outlet 71 is approximately the same on the left and right, avoiding temperature imbalance on the left and right; furthermore, the overall air duct design realizes the separation of the cold and hot air ducts, without mutual influence, and improves the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0057] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for controlling the temperature of an air-cooled energy storage system, and the method includes steps S01 to S02:

[0058] Step S01, obtaining the real-time temperature information of each battery box module through a temperature sensor, and sending the real-time temperature information to the slave control module;

[0059] Step S02: The slave control module sends the real-time temperature information to the master control module. After converting the real-time temperature information into a real-time temperature value, the master control module compares it with the set temperature threshold. When the real-time temperature value is higher than the set temperature threshold, it controls the speed of the fan (radiator 23) corresponding to the corresponding battery box module to increase. When the real-time temperature value is lower than the set temperature threshold, it controls the speed of the fan (radiator 23) corresponding to the corresponding battery box module to decrease.

[0060] The above temperature control method for the air-cooled energy storage system obtains the real-time temperature information of each battery box module 20 through the temperature sensor 43 and sends the real-time temperature information to the slave control module 42; then, the slave control module 42 sends the real-time temperature information to the master control module 41. After converting the real-time temperature information into a real-time temperature value, the master control module 41 compares it with the set temperature threshold. When the real-time temperature value is higher than the set temperature threshold, it controls the speed of the fan (radiator 23) corresponding to the corresponding battery box module 20 to increase. When the real-time temperature value is lower than the set temperature threshold, it controls the speed of the fan corresponding to the corresponding battery box module 50 to decrease. This can reduce the temperature difference between different battery box modules 50, making the temperature of the battery box modules 20 in the entire battery compartment as close as possible to reach equilibrium, and improving the service life of the energy storage system.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of controlling the speed of the fan (radiator 23) corresponding to the corresponding battery box module to increase includes:

[0062] Adjust the fan (radiator 23) gear to increase the speed of the fan (radiator 23).

[0063] In an embodiment of the present invention, the gears of the fan include: 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% of the rated speed; in other embodiments, the gears of the fan include: 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, 75%, 90%, 100% of the rated speed, etc.

[0064] The above embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the inventive concept, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An air-cooled energy storage system, comprising a battery compartment, a plurality of battery box modules disposed in the battery compartment, and a cabinet air conditioner disposed on the rear door of the battery compartment, wherein The battery box module is provided with a radiator. A cold air duct, a vertical air duct, and a hot air duct are provided in the battery compartment. The cold air duct is located between the rear end of the battery box module and the rear compartment door. A number of the battery box modules are stacked up and down and arranged in two columns on the left and right. The vertical air duct is formed between the two columns of the battery box modules, on the left side of the left column of the battery box modules, and on the right side of the right column of the battery box modules. After the cold air of the cabinet air conditioner passes through the cold air duct, it enters the vertical air duct upward and downward respectively, and then becomes hot air after passing through the battery box module. The hot air enters the cabinet air conditioner through the hot air duct. An air conditioner cold air outlet is provided on the lower side of the cabinet air conditioner, and the air conditioner cold air outlet corresponds to the position centered vertically in the battery compartment. The cold air duct is provided with a sealing plate. The cold air duct corresponds to the position centered vertically in the battery compartment. The internal circulation path of the cabinet air conditioner for refrigeration and heat exchange is: the cabinet air conditioner - cold air - air conditioner cold air outlet - cold air duct air inlet - cold air duct - cold air duct air outlet - cold air enters the vertical air duct upward and downward - battery box module - hot air - the first hot air duct - the second hot air duct - the third hot air duct - air conditioner hot air return port - the cabinet air conditioner. There are three vertical air ducts, and there are a total of six cold air duct air outlets. The upper and lower three cold air duct air outlets of the cold air duct are respectively communicated with the corresponding vertical air ducts. The ventilation volumes of the two vertical air ducts on both sides are the same, and the ventilation volume of the middle vertical air duct is the sum of the ventilation volumes of the two vertical air ducts on both sides. The hot air duct includes the first hot air duct, the second hot air duct, and the third hot air duct that are sequentially communicated. The first hot air duct is located between the front end of the battery box module and the front compartment door of the battery compartment. The second hot air duct is located between the top of the uppermost battery box module and the upper cover of the battery compartment. The third hot air duct is located between the rear end of the battery box module and the rear compartment door of the battery compartment. Second hot air duct side partitions are provided on the left and right sides of the second hot air duct. An intermediate partition is provided in the second hot air duct. Second hot air duct air inlets are respectively provided on the front side of the top of the uppermost battery box module. The head end of the intermediate partition is adjacent to one of the second hot air duct air inlets, and the tail end of the intermediate partition is located at the center position of the second hot air duct air outlet. The bending angle of the intermediate partition is an obtuse angle. Two air guiding plates are provided between two adjacent battery cells on the same side inside the box body of the battery box module. The outer sides of the two air guiding plates are respectively adjacent to the two battery cells corresponding to them. The battery box cold air duct is formed between two adjacent battery cells on the same side through the air guiding plates.

2. The air-cooled energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery box module includes a box body, a plurality of battery cells provided on the left and right sides inside the box body, and the radiator provided at the front end of the box body. Module air inlets are respectively provided on both sides of the box body. A module air outlet is provided at one end of the box body corresponding to the radiator. A battery box hot air duct is formed in the middle of the box body. The outlet of the battery box cold air duct is communicated with the inlet of the battery box hot air duct, and the outlet of the battery box hot air duct is communicated with the module air outlet.

3. The air-cooled energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein An air conditioner hot air return port is provided on the upper side of the cabinet air conditioner, and the cold air duct air inlet of the cold air duct is communicated with the air conditioner cold air outlet.

4. The air-cooled energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein An air outlet of the cabinet air conditioner is provided on the upper side of the exterior of the cabinet air conditioner, and a natural air inlet is provided on the lower side of the exterior of the cabinet air conditioner.

5. A temperature control method for an air-cooled energy storage system, which is applied to the system described in any one of claims 1-4, and is characterized in that, The method includes: Obtaining real-time temperature information of each of the battery box modules through a temperature sensor, and sending the real-time temperature information to a slave control module; The slave control module sends the real-time temperature information to a master control module, and the master control module converts the real-time temperature information into a real-time temperature value and compares it with a set temperature threshold. When the real-time temperature value is higher than the set temperature threshold, the master control module controls the rotational speed of the radiator corresponding to the corresponding battery box module to increase. When the real-time temperature value is lower than the set temperature threshold, the master control module controls the rotational speed of the radiator corresponding to the corresponding battery box module to decrease.

6. The temperature control method of the air-cooled energy storage system according to claim 5, wherein The step of controlling the rotational speed of the radiator corresponding to the corresponding battery box module to increase includes: Adjusting the gear of the radiator to increase the rotational speed of the radiator.

7. The temperature control method of the air-cooled energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The gears of the radiator include: 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% of the rated rotational speed.

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