A special vehicle battery antifreeze device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of new energy special vehicles, and in particular to a battery antifreeze device for special vehicles, comprising: a heat preservation plate and a hot air box connected to a vent pipe at the air inlet end of the heat preservation plate, the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the heat preservation plate are connected to the vent pipe, the battery is arranged on the surface of the heat preservation plate, the hot air box is provided with a spiral flow channel connected to the outside, a rotatable spline shaft is arranged at the middle position of the spiral flow channel, an impeller is arranged on the outside of the spline shaft, a core rod is arranged inside the spline shaft, a limiting member for limiting the rotation of the core rod is arranged on the upper end surface of the hot air box, an air outlet connected to the vent pipe is arranged inside the spiral flow channel, and the air outlet is located on the exhaust side of the impeller. The present invention generates heat energy through the friction between the core rod and the spline shaft, and provides a heating function for the battery through the flow of airflow, thereby ensuring that the vehicle can be used even in a low temperature environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy special vehicles, and in particular to a battery antifreeze device for special vehicles. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of new energy technology, new energy vehicles have been widely promoted. New energy vehicles usually refer to new vehicles that use unconventional fuels as power sources. Unlike traditional fuel vehicles, the drive of new energy vehicles mostly relies on various forms of battery packs. Special vehicles are different from ordinary vehicles and are usually used in various extreme environments. This leads to the need to consider the antifreeze performance of the battery itself when new energy is applied to special vehicles. Conventional new energy battery packs cannot operate stably in low temperature environments, and special vehicles often need to be used in extreme environments. When the environment is a low temperature environment, the new energy battery pack cannot provide stable power supply for the entire vehicle system of the special vehicle. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims at the deficiencies in the prior art and provides the following technical solutions:

[0004] A special vehicle battery antifreeze device comprises a heat preservation plate and a hot air box connected to a ventilation pipe at an air inlet end of the heat preservation plate.

[0005] Specifically, the air inlet and outlet ends of the insulation plate are connected with a ventilation pipe, the battery is arranged on the surface of the insulation plate, the interior of the hot air box is provided with a spiral flow channel connected to the outside, a rotatable spline shaft is provided at the middle position of the spiral flow channel, an impeller is provided on the outer side of the spline shaft, a core rod is provided inside the spline shaft, a limiting part for limiting the rotation of the core rod is provided on the upper end surface of the hot air box, an air outlet connected to the ventilation pipe is provided inside the spiral flow channel, and the air outlet is located on the exhaust side of the impeller, when the vehicle is started but not driving, the spline shaft rotates and rubs with the core rod to generate high temperature, and when the spline shaft rotates, the hot air flow slowly enters the insulation plate from the air outlet through the ventilation pipe to heat the battery.

[0006] As an improvement of the above technical solution, a plurality of air cavities and a plurality of branch channels are provided inside the insulation board, each of the branch channels is connected to an air cavity, and the other end of the branch channel is connected to a ventilation pipe.

[0007] As an improvement of the above technical solution, gear one is fixed to the upper end surface of the impeller, and an antifreeze motor is provided on the upper end surface of the hot air box. One end of the antifreeze motor is inserted into the interior of the hot air box and is connected to gear two, and gear two is meshed with gear one.

[0008] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the spline shaft passes through the center of the impeller, bearings are connected at both ends of the impeller, the bearings are fixed on the inner wall of the hot air box, the spline shaft passes through the inner ring of the bearing, and a height adjustment component is connected to the side of the spline shaft away from the ventilation pipe.

[0009] As an improvement of the above technical solution, a sealing piece is inserted into the interior of the ventilation pipe connected to the air outlet, and a through groove and a side flow groove running through both sides are provided on the surface of the sealing piece, the through groove is located above the side flow groove, and a sealing portion is formed between the through groove and the side flow groove, and the side flow groove connects the ventilation pipe on one side of the air outlet with the outside world, the height of the sealing portion is greater than or equal to the height of the ventilation pipe, and both sides of the sealing portion fit the inner wall of the ventilation pipe, and the height adjustment component raises or lowers the height of the spline shaft to adjust the position where the sealing piece overlaps with the internal flow channel of the ventilation pipe.

[0010] As an improvement of the above technical solution, one end of the sealing member located outside the ventilation pipe is connected to a connecting shaft, and one end of the connecting shaft is fixedly rotatably sleeved with the spline shaft.

[0011] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the height adjustment assembly includes an outer shell fixed to the upper end surface of the hot air box, a telescopic rod 2 fixed to the upper end of the outer shell and connected to the core rod, and the end of the core rod away from the telescopic rod 2 is fixedly rotatably sleeved with the spline shaft.

[0012] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the limiting part includes a limit frame that can move linearly reciprocatingly, the upper end surface of the core rod is integrally formed with a central axis, and side flat portions are opened in parallel on both sides of the central axis, and the end of the central axis away from the core rod is connected to a limit seat, and the limit frame is sleeved on the outside of the central axis, and the limit portion one and the limit portion two are integrally formed on both sides of the limit frame, and the distance between the limit portions two arranged in parallel on both sides is equal to the distance of the circumferential diameter of the central axis, and the distance between the limit portions one arranged in parallel on both sides is equal to the distance between the side flat portions. When the limit portion one is in contact with the side flat portions, the core rod cannot rotate with the spline shaft, and the friction between the core rod and the spline shaft generates high temperature. When the limit portion two is tangent to the circumference of the central axis, the core rod follows the spline shaft to generate a following motion, and the friction between the core rod and the spline shaft cannot generate high temperature.

[0013] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the limiting member includes a limiting shell and a telescopic rod 1 arranged on the upper end surface of the limiting shell, the limiting frame is placed on the surface of the limiting shell, the power end of the telescopic rod 1 is connected to the limiting frame, and the power end of the telescopic rod 2 is fixed to the limiting shell.

[0014] As an improvement of the above technical solution, an air intake grille is provided on a side of the hot air box away from the heat preservation plate, and the air intake grille is connected to the inlet of the spiral flow channel.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0016] Heat is generated by the friction between the core rod and the spline shaft, and this heat is transferred to the position of the insulation plate through the flow of air. The battery can be placed directly between the two insulation plates, and the flow of air can provide heating for the battery, thereby ensuring that the vehicle can be used even in low temperature environments. Although heating requires a certain buffer time, the heating and antifreeze of the mechanical structure are more stable than traditional technologies, and are more suitable for applications in extreme environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Plane section view at AA in the middle;

[0020] Figure 4 A top view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Isometric section view at the middle BB;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The enlarged structure diagram at A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The enlarged structure diagram at a1 in the middle;

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 6 The enlarged structure diagram at a2 in the middle;

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a position relationship diagram of the impeller, spline shaft, core rod, sealing member, limit shell, limit frame and other structures of the present invention;

[0026] Fig.10 for Figure 4 Plane section view at the middle BB;

[0027] Fig.11 for Fig.10 Plane section view at CC;

[0028] Fig.12 for Fig.10 Isometric section view at mid DD;

[0029] Fig.13 for Fig.10 Isometric section view at EE.

[0030] 1. Insulation board; 2. Air cavity; 3. Branch channel; 4. Ventilation pipe; 5. Hot air box; 6. Air inlet grille; 7. Spline shaft; 8. Limit plate; 9. Impeller; 10. Gear 1; 11. Spiral channel; 12. Air outlet; 13. Connecting shaft; 14. Connecting part 1; 15. Sealing piece; 16. Through groove; 17. Side flow groove; 18. Sealing part; 19. Antifreeze motor; 20. Gear 2; 21. Height adjustment assembly; 22. Core rod; 23. Middle axis; 24. Side flat part; 25. Limit seat; 26. Connecting part 1; 27. Limit frame; 28. Limit part 2; 29. ​​Telescopic rod 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0032] When new energy is applied to special vehicles, the battery's own antifreeze performance needs to be considered. Conventional new energy battery packs cannot operate stably in low temperature environments, and special vehicles often need to be used in extreme environments. When the environment is a low temperature environment, the new energy battery pack cannot provide stable power supply for the special vehicle's entire vehicle system.

[0033] To solve the above problems, see Figures 1 to 13 , provides a special vehicle battery antifreeze device, including: an insulation plate 10 and a hot air box 20 connected to a ventilation pipe 13 at the air inlet end of the insulation plate 10.

[0034] Specifically, the air inlet and outlet ends of the insulation board 10 are connected with a vent pipe 13, the battery is arranged on the surface of the insulation board 10, a spiral flow channel 24 connected to the outside is opened inside the hot air box 20, a rotatable spline shaft 22 is arranged in the middle position of the spiral flow channel 24, an impeller 23 is arranged on the outside of the spline shaft 22, a core rod 32 is arranged inside the spline shaft 22, and a limiting member for limiting the rotation of the core rod 32 is arranged on the upper end surface of the hot air box 20, an air outlet 25 connected to the vent pipe 13 is opened inside the spiral flow channel 24, and the air outlet 25 is located on the exhaust side of the impeller 23. When the vehicle is started but not driving, the spline shaft 22 rotates and rubs with the core rod 32 to generate high temperature. When the spline shaft 22 rotates, the hot air flow slowly enters the insulation board 10 from the air outlet 25 through the vent pipe 13 to form heating for the battery.

[0035] When the vehicle needs to be used, the spline shaft 22 is controlled to rotate. Since the limiting member limits the rotation of the core rod 32, when the spline shaft 22 rotates, the core rod 32 will generate friction with the spline shaft 22, thereby generating high temperature. Since the spline shaft 22 and the core rod 32 are mostly inserted into the spiral flow channel 24, when the vehicle is not driving, the flow of the internal airflow will follow the impeller 23, and the exhaust side of the impeller 23 is set to face the air outlet 25. In this case, the internal airflow flows slowly, the airflow cannot dissipate quickly, and the heat will accumulate quickly. In this process, heat will continue to enter from the air outlet 25, so that the ventilation pipe 13 and the insulation plate 10 can be slowly heated, and the insulation plate 10 is in direct contact with the battery, so that it can play an anti-freeze or even thawing function, and can ensure use in a low temperature environment. The disadvantage is that a certain startup time is required.

[0036] The spiral flow channel 24 has a structural shape as follows: Fig.12 As shown, when the vehicle is running, the cold air flow will enter from the inside of the spiral flow channel 24. At this time, the cold air flow will replace the high-temperature air flow with a mixed air flow, that is, the mixture of the cold air flow and the high-temperature air flow generates an air flow with a temperature that is constantly decreasing. This is because when the vehicle is working, the battery itself will also generate heat. If it is continuously heated, it will cause the battery itself to have too much heat. With this design, when the vehicle is running, the naturally intake cold air flow will continuously reduce the temperature of the air flow, thereby ensuring the normal working environment of the battery.

[0037] In order to prevent large particles such as gravel from entering the interior, an air intake grille 21 is provided on the side of the hot air box 20 away from the insulation board 10. The air intake grille 21 is connected to the entrance of the spiral flow channel 24. The air intake grille 21 provides screening for the incoming airflow and provides additional protection.

[0038] In order to further enhance the heat preservation and heating effect of the heat preservation board 10, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 A plurality of air cavities 11 and a plurality of branch channels 12 are provided inside the insulation board 10 . Each branch channel 12 is connected to an air cavity 11 , and the other end of the branch channel 12 is connected to a ventilation pipe 13 .

[0039] The airflow delivered by the vent pipe 13 is diverted through the branch channel 12, and the diverted gas enters the interior of the larger air cavity 11, that is, the hot air flow will flow at a slower speed inside the air cavity 11, thereby extending the heat transfer time and further enhancing the heat transfer effect.

[0040] In one embodiment, see Fig. 9 and Fig.13Specifically, a gear 1 231 is fixed to the upper end surface of the impeller 23, an antifreeze motor 28 is provided on the upper end surface of the hot air box 20, one end of the antifreeze motor 28 is inserted into the interior of the hot air box 20 and is connected to a gear 2 281, and the gear 2 281 is meshed with the gear 1 231.

[0041] The antifreeze motor 28 is used to provide power output, and the meshing between gear 1 231 and gear 2 281 forms power transmission, thereby providing power for the impeller 23 to rotate. The rotating impeller 23 will drive the spline shaft 22 to rotate synchronously, thereby rubbing against the core rod 32 to generate high temperature.

[0042] Among them, steel material has a higher friction coefficient. In this case, the material of the spline shaft 22 and the core rod 32 can be steel material. The approximate temperature rise can be estimated according to the following formula, which is:

[0043] ;

[0044] ;

[0045] ;

[0046] in, is the friction force between the inner wall of the spline shaft 22 and the core rod 32, is the relative speed of the spline shaft 22, t is the rotation time, m is the total mass of the spline shaft 22 and the core rod 32, p is the friction power, is the specific heat capacity, is the friction coefficient, and N is the normal force between the spline shaft 22 and the core rod 32.

[0047] The friction coefficient of steel is between 0.4 and 0.8. If we assume that the friction coefficient is 0.6, the normal force is 1000N, the relative speed is 2m / s, the total mass is 5kg, and the specific heat capacity is 500J / (kg·K), then the friction power can be obtained to be 1200W. After substituting them into the calculation, the estimated value of the heating rate is 0.48k / s.

[0048] When the temperature needs to be raised from -20°C to 20°C, the temperature difference is approximately 40K. After dividing by the heating rate, it can be known that when this scheme is used for heating, it takes approximately 85 seconds. According to different actual conditions and calculation errors, and taking into account the temperature dissipation in the space and the time for heat to be transferred to the insulation board 10, it can be known that when the scheme of this embodiment is used for insulation, it takes approximately three minutes of start-up time.

[0049] In order to ensure the independence of the spline shaft 22, it is necessary to restrict the position of the impeller 23 separately. In order to ensure the rotatability of the impeller 23, please refer to Figures 1 to 6The spline shaft 22 passes through the center of the impeller 23, and bearings are connected at both ends of the impeller 23. The bearings are fixed on the inner wall of the hot air box 20. The spline shaft 22 passes through the inner ring of the bearing. The side of the spline shaft 22 away from the ventilation pipe 13 is connected to the height adjustment component 30.

[0050] The end of the center of the impeller 23 is connected by a bearing, so that the spline shaft 22 and the impeller 23 only have the function of position restriction, and the spline shaft 22 can move up and down at the center of the impeller 23.

[0051] like Fig. 9 as well as Figure 6 As shown, the connection between the spline shaft 22 and the inner ring of the bearing is of plug-in type, and the connection is relatively closed, while the connection between the bearing ball and the inner and outer rings can be covered with a baffle (not shown in the figure), thereby reducing gas leakage and reducing heat dissipation during heat accumulation.

[0052] Based on the above solution, the lifting and lowering of the spline shaft 22 can be coordinated with the opening and closing of the vent pipe 13. For details, please refer to Figures 4 to 9 A sealing member 27 is inserted into the interior of the ventilation pipe 13 connected to the air outlet 25. A through groove 271 and a side flow groove 272 are provided on the surface of the sealing member 27. The through groove 271 is located above the side flow groove 272. A sealing portion 273 is formed between the through groove 271 and the side flow groove 272. The side flow groove 272 connects the ventilation pipe 13 on one side of the air outlet 25 with the outside world. The height of the sealing portion 273 is greater than or equal to the height of the ventilation pipe 13. Both sides of the sealing portion 273 fit the inner wall of the ventilation pipe 13. The height adjustment component 30 raises or lowers the height of the spline shaft 22 to adjust the position where the sealing member 27 overlaps with the internal flow channel of the ventilation pipe 13.

[0053] In order to accelerate the temperature rise rate of the internal airflow, the sealing portion 273 can be used to block the flow channel of the ventilation pipe 13 in the initial stage, so that the temperature between the spline shaft 22 and the core rod 32 dissipates more slowly and the heating rate is relatively faster. When the sealing member 27 is fully inserted into the ventilation pipe 13, the through groove 271 is connected with the interior of the ventilation pipe 13. At this time, the airflow can flow through the inside. When heating or cooling is required, the normal circulation of the airflow can be guaranteed from here. After the vehicle has been running for a period of time, the battery of the vehicle enters a normal working state. At this time, the heat generated by the battery itself is sufficient to keep the battery in normal operation. At this time, the sealing member 27 can be raised to make the side flow groove 272 at the bottom connected with the ventilation pipe 13. The specific state of the side flow groove 272 is as follows: Figure 7 and Fig. 9 As shown, the L-shaped state can discharge the incoming airflow from the bottom, thereby preventing the airflow from entering the insulation board 10.

[0054] In the above scheme, the sealing member 27 cannot be directly connected to the spline shaft 22, which means that in order to ensure the stability of the position of the sealing member 27, an additional structure is required to limit the position. In order to ensure that the rotation of the spline shaft 22 does not affect the sealing member 27, it is also necessary to ensure that the mandrel 32 can be raised and lowered without being affected by the rotation of the spline shaft 22. For details, please refer to Figures 4 to 7 The sealing member 27 is connected to a connecting shaft 26 at one end outside the ventilation pipe 13, and one end of the connecting shaft 26 is fixedly rotatably sleeved with the spline shaft 22. The height adjustment assembly 30 includes a shell 31 fixed to the upper end surface of the hot air box 20, a telescopic rod 36 fixed to the upper end of the shell 31 and connected to the core rod 32, and one end of the core rod 32 away from the telescopic rod 36 is fixedly rotatably sleeved with the spline shaft 22.

[0055] In this embodiment, the fixed rotation sleeve means that Figure 7 and Figure 8 The connection part 1 261 and the connection part 2 323 shown in the figure adopt a cylindrical plug-in sleeve to ensure the rotation of the structure, and the connection position is directly limited by installing an additional limit plate 221, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown.

[0056] After the connection is performed using the above solution, the rotation of the spline shaft 22 will not affect the core rod 32 and the connecting shaft 26, and the normal operation of other operations can be ensured.

[0057] In the above scheme, if the mandrel 32 is fixed, friction will always occur between the mandrel 32 and the spline shaft 22. If the mandrel 32 is not fixed, friction will not occur between the mandrel 32 and the spline shaft 22. In order to ensure that the mandrel 32 can freely switch the relative relationship with the spline shaft 22, please refer to Figures 9 to 11 The limiting member includes a limiting frame 35 that can move linearly back and forth. The upper end surface of the mandrel 32 is integrally formed with a central axis 321. Side flat portions 3211 are parallelly provided on both sides of the central axis 321. One end of the central axis 321 away from the mandrel 32 is connected to a limiting seat 322. The limiting frame 35 is sleeved on the outer side of the central axis 321. The limiting frame 35 has a limiting portion 1 351 and a limiting portion 2 352 integrally formed on both sides. The distance between the limiting portions 2 352 arranged in parallel on both sides is equal to the circumference of the central axis 321. The distance between the circumferential diameter, the distance between the limiting parts 351 arranged in parallel on both sides is equal to the distance between the side flat parts 3211, when the limiting part 351 is in contact with the side flat part 3211, the core rod 32 cannot rotate with the spline shaft 22, and the friction between the core rod 32 and the spline shaft 22 generates high temperature, when the limiting part 352 is tangent to the circumference of the center axis 321, the core rod 32 follows the spline shaft 22 to generate a following motion, and the friction between the core rod 32 and the spline shaft 22 cannot generate high temperature.

[0058] When the limiting portion 1 351 is in contact with the side flat portion 3211, a restriction will be formed, that is, the central axis 321 will be fixed between the two limiting portions 1 351. In this case, the core rod 32 itself cannot rotate. When the spline shaft 22 rotates, the core rod 32 and the spline shaft 22 produce relative displacement, and this displacement process will continuously cause friction to generate heat. When the limiting portion 2 352 is tangent to the circumference of the central axis 321, the rotation of the central axis 321 cannot come into contact with the limiting portion 2 352, and the limiting portion 1 351 will not come into contact with the central axis 321. In this case, the entire core rod 32 loses radial constraints, and the core rod 32 is inserted into the interior of the spline shaft 22 as a whole, so there is still axial constraints. When the spline shaft 22 rotates, the core rod 32 may intermittently stagnate for a short time due to structural errors. Under normal circumstances, the core rod 32 will rotate with the spline shaft 22. In this case, no friction will be generated between the spline shaft 22 and the core rod 32. After completing the heating in the initial state, this method can be used to avoid continuous temperature increase and ensure the normal operation of the battery.

[0059] In order to ensure that the movement of the limit frame 35 does not affect the telescopic rod 2 36, it is necessary to further improve the linear movement function of the limit frame 35. Figures 9 to 11 The limiting member includes a limiting shell 33 and a telescopic rod 1 34 arranged on the upper end surface of the limiting shell 33, a limiting frame 35 is placed on the surface of the limiting shell 33, a power end of the telescopic rod 1 34 is connected to the limiting frame 35, and a power end of the telescopic rod 2 36 is fixed to the limiting shell 33.

[0060] The telescopic rod 1 34 is used to directly provide a horizontal telescopic function, that is, to realize the reciprocating motion of the limit frame 35 in a linear position, and further the limit frame 35 is placed on the surface of the limit shell 33, and then the power end of the telescopic rod 1 34 is fixed on the limit shell 33, so that the telescopic action of the telescopic rod 1 34 acts on the limit shell 33, and the height change of the limit shell 33 will drive the limit frame 35 placed on the limit shell 33 to change, due to its own gravity and the gravity limitation of the corresponding structure connected to the core rod 32, the position of the limit frame 35 can remain stable, and when the linear position of the limit frame 35 changes, it will produce a misalignment state with the central axis 321, and will not directly cause the core rod 32 to change its position, thereby separating the horizontal movement of the telescopic rod 1 34 from the vertical movement of the telescopic rod 2 36 to avoid the two affecting each other.

[0061] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them.

Claims

1. A special vehicle battery antifreeze device, characterized in that: include: A heat preservation plate (10), wherein the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the heat preservation plate (10) are connected to a ventilation pipe (13), and the battery is arranged on the surface of the heat preservation plate (10); A hot air box (20) connected to the ventilation pipe (13) at the air inlet end of the heat preservation plate (10), the hot air box (20) having a spiral flow channel (24) in communication with the outside, a rotatable spline shaft (22) disposed at the middle of the spiral flow channel (24), an impeller (23) disposed on the outside of the spline shaft (22), a core rod (32) disposed inside the spline shaft (22), a limiting member for limiting the rotation of the core rod (32) disposed on the upper end surface of the hot air box (20), an air outlet (25) in communication with the ventilation pipe (13) disposed inside the spiral flow channel (24), the air outlet (25) being located on the exhaust side of the impeller (23); When the vehicle is started but not running, the spline shaft (22) rotates and rubs against the core rod (32) to generate high temperature. When the spline shaft (22) rotates, hot air flows slowly from the air outlet (25) through the vent pipe (13) into the insulation plate (10) to heat the battery. The spline shaft (22) and the core rod (32) are both made of steel. A gear 1 (231) is fixed to the upper end surface of the impeller (23); an antifreeze motor (28) is provided on the upper end surface of the hot air box (20); one end of the antifreeze motor (28) is inserted into the interior of the hot air box (20) and is connected to a gear 2 (281); the gear 2 (281) is meshed with the gear 1 (231); The spline shaft (22) passes through the center of the impeller (23); bearings are connected to both ends of the impeller (23); the bearings are fixed to the inner wall of the hot air box (20); the spline shaft (22) passes through the inner ring of the bearing; and a height adjustment component (30) is connected to the side of the spline shaft (22) away from the ventilation pipe (13); A sealing member (27) is inserted into the interior of the ventilation pipe (13) connected to the air outlet (25); a through groove (271) and a side flow groove (272) are provided on the surface of the sealing member (27); the through groove (271) is located above the side flow groove (272); a sealing portion (273) is formed between the through groove (271) and the side flow groove (272); the side flow groove (272) connects the ventilation pipe (13) on one side of the air outlet (25) with the outside; the height of the sealing portion (273) is greater than or equal to the height of the ventilation pipe (13); and the two sides of the sealing portion (273) are in contact with the inner wall of the ventilation pipe (13); The height adjustment component (30) raises or lowers the height of the spline shaft (22) to adjust the position where the sealing member (27) overlaps with the internal flow channel of the ventilation pipe (13); The height adjustment assembly (30) comprises a shell (31) fixed to the upper end surface of the hot air box (20), a second telescopic rod (36) fixed to the upper end of the shell (31) and connected to the core rod (32), and an end of the core rod (32) away from the second telescopic rod (36) is fixedly rotatably sleeved with the spline shaft (22); The limiting member comprises a limiting frame (35) that can move linearly and reciprocally, the upper end surface of the core rod (32) is integrally formed with a central axis (321), and two sides of the central axis (321) are parallelly provided with side flat portions (3211), and one end of the central axis (321) away from the core rod (32) is connected to a limiting seat (322), the limiting frame (35) is sleeved on the outer side of the central axis (321), and two sides of the limiting frame (35) are integrally formed with a limiting portion 1 (351) and a limiting portion 2 (352), and the distance between the limiting portions 2 (352) arranged in parallel on both sides is equal to the distance of the circumferential diameter of the central axis (321), and the distance between the limiting portions 1 (351) arranged in parallel on both sides is equal to the distance between the side flat portions (3211); When the first limiting portion (351) is in contact with the side flat portion (3211), the core rod (32) cannot rotate along with the spline shaft (22), and at this time, the core rod (32) and the spline shaft (22) rub against each other to generate high temperature; When the second limiting portion (352) is tangent to the circumference of the central axis (321), the core rod (32) follows the spline shaft (22) to produce a following motion, and at this time, the friction between the core rod (32) and the spline shaft (22) cannot generate high temperature.

2. A special vehicle battery antifreeze device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulation board (10) is provided with a plurality of air cavities (11) and a plurality of branch channels (12) inside, each branch channel (12) is connected to an air cavity (11), and the other end of the branch channel (12) is connected to a ventilation pipe (13).

3. A special vehicle battery antifreeze device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the sealing member (27) located outside the ventilation pipe (13) is connected to a connecting shaft (26), and one end of the connecting shaft (26) is fixedly rotatably sleeved with the spline shaft (22).

4. A special vehicle battery antifreeze device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting member comprises a limiting shell (33) and a telescopic rod 1 (34) arranged on the upper end surface of the limiting shell (33); the limiting frame (35) is placed on the surface of the limiting shell (33); the power end of the telescopic rod 1 (34) is connected to the limiting frame (35); and the power end of the telescopic rod 2 (36) is fixed to the limiting shell (33).

5. A special vehicle battery antifreeze device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: An air intake grille (21) is provided on a side of the hot air box (20) away from the heat insulation plate (10), and the air intake grille (21) is in communication with an inlet of the spiral flow channel (24).

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