Bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass and method of making same

Abstract

The application provides a bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of electrochromic technology. The bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass comprises an electrode unit, an electrolyte, a power unit and an energy storage aerogel glass. The energy storage aerogel glass comprises a positive electrode storage unit and a negative electrode storage unit. The power unit circulates the electrolyte in the positive electrode storage unit and the negative electrode storage unit. The positive electrode storage unit and the negative electrode storage unit each comprise two glass elements and an aerogel film. The two glass elements are abutted and sealed to form a liquid storage cavity. The aerogel film is arranged in the liquid storage cavity. The opposite surfaces of the aerogel film are abutted with the two glass elements, respectively. The electrolyte flows along the aerogel film. The electrolyte is injected along the micropores of the aerogel film to realize the permeation type color change of the energy storage aerogel glass, so that the bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass is uniformly colored.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electrochromic technology, in particular to a bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the continuous growth of the world population greatly increases the global energy demand, so it is essential to use energy more effectively. Windows are one of the most energy-inefficient components, and in order to achieve the goal of compatible energy storage and energy-saving properties of smart glass, various technologies have been explored and optimized.

[0003] In recent years, electrochromic technology with energy storage performance has also attempted to achieve compatibility of light modulation and energy storage performance. However, the compatibility of light modulation and energy storage performance of electrochromic glass is poor, and the use of ITO electrochromic glass is expensive, which also limits its large-area use in the building field. The water flow window is a multi-layer structure that can actively control the optical and thermal properties of the fluid, achieving intelligent control of sunlight. It shows excellent performance and application value in aspects such as building integrated refrigeration / heating heat sinks or solar collectors, but how to efficiently achieve stable color change and light modulation is a difficulty. Therefore, the existing technology is difficult to achieve compatibility of energy storage and uniform color change of glass materials. SUMMARY

[0004] The problem solved by the present application is how to solve the problem of uniform color change of electrochromic liquid devices.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass, comprising an electrode unit, an electrolyte, a power unit and an energy storage aerogel glass, the electrode unit comprising a positive electrode unit and a negative electrode unit, the electrolyte being capable of electrochromic, the energy storage aerogel glass comprising a positive electrode storage unit and a negative electrode storage unit, the positive electrode storage unit being connected to the positive electrode unit, the negative electrode storage unit being connected to the negative electrode unit, the power unit transporting the electrolyte to circulate between the positive electrode storage unit and the negative electrode storage unit, the positive electrode storage unit and the negative electrode storage unit each comprising two glass elements and an aerogel film, the two glass elements being abutted and sealed to form a liquid storage cavity, the aerogel film being arranged in the liquid storage cavity, the opposite surfaces of the aerogel film being abutted with the two glass elements respectively, and the electrolyte flowing along the aerogel film.

[0007] Optionally, the electrode unit is a metal electrode, a non-metal electrode or a carbon-based electrode.

[0008] Optionally, the electrolyte comprises functional molecules, auxiliary electrolytes and solvents, the functional molecules are in oxidized form under the action of the positive electrode unit in the positive electrode storage unit and are in reduced form under the action of the negative electrode unit in the negative electrode storage unit, and the oxidized functional molecules and the reduced functional molecules have different colors.

[0009] Optionally, the solubility of the functional molecules in the solvents is 0.5-2.7 L / mol.

[0010] Optionally, the molar ratio of the functional molecules to the auxiliary electrolytes is (1-4):(1-5).

[0011] Optionally, the functional molecules comprise at least one of rhodamine, viologen, aniline, and triarylmethane and derivatives thereof, and the structure of the functional molecules is as follows:

[0012]

[0013] In the formula, X comprises O or N; R1-R8 comprise any one of H, C1-C24 alkyl, C1-C24 substituted alkyl, hydroxyl, ester, C1-C24 alkoxy, alkylamino, amino, C6-C24 aryl, and C7-C24 group containing both aromatic ring and alkane.

[0014] Optionally, the auxiliary electrolytes comprise one or more of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate and other organic and inorganic electrolytes.

[0015] Optionally, the solvents comprise one or more of acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl sulfoxide and water.

[0016] Optionally, the aerogel film is any one of cellulose-based aerogel, polyurethane-based aerogel and silica-based aerogel.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present application provides a preparation method of the bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1: connecting the electrode unit to the energy storage aerogel glass through a conduit, and connecting the power unit to the conduit;

[0019] S2: selecting an electrolyte, and injecting the electrolyte into the energy storage aerogel glass, and the electrolyte is injected along the aerogel film;

[0020] S3: the power unit circulates the electrolyte between the positive electrode storage unit and the negative electrode storage unit.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass and its preparation method of the present invention are as follows: the power unit delivers electrolyte that circulates in the positive and negative electrode storage units respectively. After passing through the negative electrode unit, the electrolyte circulates again in the negative electrode storage unit. The electrolyte can undergo electrochromic changes after passing through the electrode unit, realizing the separation of the electrolyte in the positive and negative electrode storage units under the two electrochromic conditions of gaining and losing electrons. The separation of the electrolyte in the positive and negative electrode storage units avoids the self-erasure phenomenon caused by the contact between the positive and negative electrodes, improves the bistable performance of the bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass, and realizes the process of creating bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass from scratch. Furthermore, the electrolyte is injected through the micropores of the aerogel membrane to achieve permeation-type color change in the energy storage aerogel glass, resulting in uniform color change within the bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass in this embodiment;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the preparation method of bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass in this embodiment.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the relationship between the electrical properties of this embodiment and different transmittance levels.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a comparison image of the solar glass under different charging capacity percentages in this embodiment;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a color change diagram of the bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass during the charging and discharging process in Example 1.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0028] 1. Energy storage aerogel glass; 11. Positive electrode storage unit; 111. Positive electrode liquid inlet; 112. Positive electrode liquid outlet; 12. Negative electrode storage unit; 121. Negative electrode liquid inlet; 122. Negative electrode liquid outlet; 2. Conduit; 3. Liquid flow direction; 4. Power unit; 5. Electrode unit; 51. Positive electrode unit; 52. Negative electrode unit; 6. Aerogel membrane. Detailed Implementation

[0029] In order to make the above objectives, characteristics and advantages of the present application more apparent, concrete embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Although some embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms, and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather, these embodiments are provided in order to more thoroughly and completely understand the present application. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present application are for exemplary purposes only, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application;

[0031] As used herein, the term "includes" and its variants are open-ended, meaning that "includes but is not limited to"; the term "based on" means "based, at least in part, on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". Related definitions are given throughout the description. It should be noted that the concepts mentioned in the present application with "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish different objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or primary and secondary relationship. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0032] To solve the problems in the above related art, the present embodiment provides a bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass and a preparation method thereof, which can be applied to the field of intelligent color-changing windows, etc.

[0033] As Figure 1As shown, the bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises an electrode unit 5, an electrolyte, a power unit 4 and an energy storage aerogel glass 1. The electrode unit 5 comprises a positive electrode unit 51 and a negative electrode unit. The electrolyte can be electrochromic. The energy storage aerogel glass 1 comprises a positive electrode storage unit 11 and a negative electrode storage unit 12. The positive electrode storage unit 11 is connected to the positive electrode unit 51, and the negative electrode storage unit 12 is connected to the negative electrode unit. The power unit 4 circulates the electrolyte between the positive electrode storage unit 11 and the negative electrode storage unit 12. The positive electrode storage unit 11 and the negative electrode storage unit 12 each comprise two glass elements and an aerogel film 6. The two glass elements are abutted and sealed to form a liquid storage cavity. The aerogel film 6 is arranged in the liquid storage cavity, and the opposite surfaces of the aerogel film 6 are respectively abutted with the two glass elements. The electrolyte flows along the aerogel film 6.

[0034] Specifically, the electrode unit 5 can be selected from an electric pile, etc. The power unit 4 can be selected from a pump group, etc. The energy storage aerogel glass 1 can be selected from a liquid storage tank, etc. The positive electrode storage unit 11 and the negative electrode storage unit 12 can be ordinary glass sheets. The aerogel film 6 is pasted on one of the glass sheets. A point gluing machine is used to point out a rectangular pattern. A 500um fish line (used to separate the two glass sheets) can be selected and placed on the aerogel film 6. Then the two glass sheets are abutted. The aerogel film 6 is compacted. Thus, the liquid flow battery single-stage energy storage aerogel glass 1 with the aerogel film 6 having a high surface area and a low thickness in the middle liquid storage cavity is obtained. Since the ordinary liquid storage tank is in a cylindrical shape, the cylindrical liquid storage tank is optimized to be in the shape of a laminated glass. Compared with the cylindrical liquid storage tank, the same amount of electrolyte can fill a larger area of the glass device. Therefore, a high surface area is achieved. The pore size of the aerogel film 6 has no hard requirement, but needs to allow the electrolyte to permeate under the action of the power unit 4. The aerogel film 6 can be selected from various materials, such as cellulose aerogel, polyurethane aerogel or silica aerogel, etc. Due to the performance difference, the aerogel film 6 may have different effects on the durability and permeation rate of the aerogel film 6.

[0035] Specifically, the positive electrode storage unit 11 has a positive electrode liquid inlet end 111 and a positive electrode liquid outlet end 112, and the positive electrode liquid inlet end 111 and the positive electrode liquid outlet end 112 of the positive electrode storage unit 11 are connected to the positive electrode unit 51 through the conduit 2 respectively, and the power unit 4 is arranged between the positive electrode unit 51 and the positive electrode storage unit 11, and the power unit 4 transports the electrolyte passing through the positive electrode unit 51 into the positive electrode storage unit 11 from the positive electrode liquid inlet end 111 and flows out of the positive electrode storage unit 11 from the positive electrode liquid outlet end 112, and returns to the positive electrode unit 51. The negative electrode storage unit 12 has a negative electrode liquid inlet end 121 and a negative electrode liquid outlet end 122, and the negative electrode liquid inlet end 121 and the negative electrode liquid outlet end 122 of the negative electrode storage unit 12 are connected to the negative electrode unit 52 through the conduit 2 respectively, and the power unit 4 is arranged between the negative electrode unit 52 and the negative electrode storage unit 12, and the power unit 4 transports the electrolyte passing through the negative electrode unit 52 into the negative electrode storage unit 12 from the negative electrode liquid inlet end 121 and flows out of the negative electrode storage unit 12 from the negative electrode liquid outlet end 122, and returns to the negative electrode unit 52. The electrolyte circulates in the positive electrode storage unit 11 after passing through the positive electrode unit 51, and the electrolyte circulates in the negative electrode storage unit 12 after passing through the negative electrode unit 52, and the electrolyte can electrochromic after passing through the electrode unit 5, realizing the electrolyte in the case of gaining and losing electrons electrochromic, respectively in the positive electrode storage unit 11 and the negative electrode storage unit 12, can be separated.

[0036] In this embodiment, the power unit 4 transports the electrolyte to circulate in the positive electrode storage unit 11 and the negative electrode storage unit 12 along the liquid flow direction 3 respectively, and the electrolyte can electrochromic, and the characteristics of the electrolyte being separated in the positive electrode storage unit 11 and the negative electrode storage unit 12 avoid the self-erasing phenomenon caused by the mutual contact of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, improve the bistable performance of the bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass, and realize the process of the bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass from nothing to something; and the electrolyte penetrates and injects along the micropores of the aerogel film 6, realizes the permeation type color change of the energy storage aerogel glass 1, and makes the uniform color change in the bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass.

[0037] Specifically, the electrolyte flows into the liquid storage cavity formed by the sealing and edge fitting of the two glass elements, and when there is no medium in the liquid storage cavity, the flow rate of the electrolyte can reach 10 mL / min, if polystyrene fiber porous membrane is arranged in the liquid storage cavity, the flow rate of the electrolyte in the polystyrene fiber porous membrane can reach 5 mL / min, if the high scattering network structure porous membrane constructed based on polymer phase separation of PMMA material is arranged in the liquid storage cavity, the flow rate of the electrolyte in the high scattering network structure porous membrane can be as low as 2 mL / min, and when the aerogel film 6 is arranged in the liquid storage cavity, the flow rate of the electrolyte in the aerogel film 6 can be as low as 1 mL / min, realizing the penetration and injection of the electrolyte along the micropores of the aerogel film 6, and further realizing the permeation type color change of the energy storage aerogel glass 1.

[0038] Optionally, the electrode unit 5 is a metal electrode, a non-metal electrode or a carbon-based electrode.

[0039] Specifically, the electrode unit 5 is copper, platinum, silver, etc., silicon carbide, diamond, ceramic, graphite or graphene, etc.

[0040] Optionally, the electrolyte includes functional molecules, auxiliary electrolytes and solvents, the functional molecules are in an oxidized form under the action of the positive electrode unit 51 in the positive electrode storage unit 11, and the functional molecules are in a reduced form under the action of the negative electrode unit 52 in the negative electrode storage unit 12, and the oxidized functional molecules and the reduced functional molecules have different colors.

[0041] In this optional embodiment, the functional molecules are converted between the oxidized functional molecules and the reduced functional molecules through the redox process of the electrode, and the electrical energy is converted into chemical energy and stored in the storage tank, the oxidized functional molecules and the reduced functional molecules have different colors, the functional molecules only need a short voltage stimulation when switching colors / states, and no power consumption is needed when maintaining the color / state, and only the electrical energy supply is needed during the switching of the optical signal.

[0042] Optionally, the solubility of the functional molecules in the solvent is 0.5-2.7 L / mol.

[0043] In this optional embodiment, the functional molecules have high solubility in the solvent, and have good transmittance effect, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 Different transmittance effects have different matching properties. Figure 3 (a) respectively shows the relationship between the charge capacity percentage (CC) and the discharge capacity percentage (DC) and the transmittance (Cc%: Charge Capacity%, Dc%: Discharge Capacity%) (b) respectively shows the relationship between the charge capacity percentage and the discharge capacity percentage and the transmittance at different wavelengths. Figure 4 Figures respectively show the image contrast of the light energy glass at different charge capacity percentages.

[0044] Optionally, the molar ratio of the functional molecules to the auxiliary electrolyte is (1-4):(1-5).

[0045] Optionally, the functional molecules include at least one of rhodamine, viologen, aniline, and triarylmethane and derivatives thereof, and the structure of the functional molecules is as follows:

[0046]

[0047] wherein X comprises O or N; R1-R8 comprise any of H, C1-C24 alkyl, C1-C24 substituted alkyl, hydroxyl, ester, C1-C24 alkoxy, alkylamino, amino, C6-C24 aryl, and C7-C24 groups containing both aromatic and alkyl rings.

[0048] Specifically, the functional molecule can be site-modified, for example, the functional molecule can be site-modified to be M2 and M6 molecules, wherein the synthesis method of the M2 molecule is shown in the following formula (wherein M2-1 is an intermediate):

[0049]

[0050] The synthesis steps of the M2-1 molecule are as follows: 2,2'-dibromo-diethyl ether 1.25 mL (10.00 mmol, 1.0 eq.) and trimethylamine tetrahydrofuran solution 5.00 mL (10.00 mmol, 1.0 eq.) are added to a 25 mL round-bottom flask, the mouth of the flask is tied with a balloon, stirring, the solution is clear, as the reaction proceeds, white solid appears in the solution, the reaction is completed at room temperature for about 10 hours.

[0051] The synthesis steps of the M2 molecule are as follows: M2-1 molecule 1.98 g (6.82 mmol, 3.0 eq.) and 4,4'-dipyridine 0.36 g (2.27 mmol, 1.0 eq.) are added to a 25 mL round-bottom flask containing N,N-dimethylformamide 15 mL, N2 is replaced three times, 100°C oil bath heating reaction, the solution changes from white turbidity to clear state, followed by a large amount of yellow solid. Thin layer chromatography is used to detect the reaction process, and the reaction is completed for about 48 h. After the reaction is completed, the yellow solid is washed with DMF three times, then washed with CH3CN three times, and then dried. M2-Br yellow solid is obtained, with a yield of 91%.

[0052] M2-Br 1.50 g (6.82 mmol) is dissolved in 20.0 mL of deionized water, and then ion exchange is performed by anion exchange resin, and the obtained solution is subjected to solvent water removal by a rotary evaporator to obtain brown solid M2, with a yield of 92%.

[0053] The synthesis method of the M6 molecule is shown in the following formula (wherein M6-1 is an intermediate):

[0054]

[0055] The synthesis of M6-1 molecule was carried out by adding 4-OH-TEMPO 1.74 g (8.53 mmol, 1.0 eq.), tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB, 0.39 g, 1.2 mmol) and 2,2'-dibromo diethyl ether 2.15 mL (17.06 mmol, 1.0 eq.) into a mixture of toluene (4.5 mL) and 50% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (15 mL) at room temperature with vigorous stirring, and the reaction progress was monitored by thin layer chromatography, which was completed in about 48 h. After the reaction was completed, ~ 150 mL of methyl tert-butyl ether was added to the mixture, and the resulting mixture was washed with deionized water (100 mL) for several times. The organic layer was collected, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then evaporated to obtain a viscous red liquid. Finally, the product was purified by silica gel column chromatography using (petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 5:1) as the eluent to obtain the desired product M6-1 red solid with a yield of 43%. The synthesized M6-1 was reduced by phenylhydrazine and tested by 1H NMR.

[0056] The synthesis of M6 molecule was carried out by adding M6-1 molecule 4.10 g (14.0 mmol, 1.0 eq.) and trimethylamine ethanol solution 70.0 mL (140.0 mmol, 10.0 eq) into a round-bottom flask. The reaction was stirred at room temperature, and the reaction progress was monitored by thin layer chromatography, which was completed in about 48 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained viscous liquid was dissolved in deionized water (50 mL) and washed repeatedly with methyl tert-butyl ether (100 mL). The water layer was dried under reduced pressure to obtain red solid of M6-Br.

[0057] M6-Br 1.55 g (6.82 mmol) was dissolved in 20.0 mL of deionized water, and then ion exchange was carried out by anion exchange resin. The obtained solution was subjected to solvent water removal by a rotary evaporator to obtain red solid M6 with a yield of 93%.

[0058] In this alternative embodiment, site modification can increase solubility, clean energy.

[0059] Alternatively, the auxiliary electrolyte includes one or more of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate, and the like organic and inorganic electrolytes.

[0060] In this alternative embodiment, the auxiliary electrolyte can assist the charge transfer of the functional molecule.

[0061] Alternatively, the solvent includes one or more of acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl sulfoxide, and water, and the like common laboratory solvents.

[0062] In this alternative embodiment, common laboratory solvents are selected to reduce costs.

[0063] In the optional embodiment, the ordinary glass sheet can be used to prepare the single-stage energy storage aerogel glass 1, and the ITO electrochromism is abandoned, thereby reducing the cost.

[0064] Optionally, the aerogel film is any one of a cellulose-based aerogel, a polyurethane-based aerogel, and a silica-based aerogel.

[0065] In the optional embodiment, the aerogel film can allow the electrolyte to permeate.

[0066] In a second aspect, the present application provides a preparation method of the bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0067] S1: connecting the electrode unit 5 to the energy storage aerogel glass 1 through the conduit 2, and connecting the power unit 4 to the conduit 2, specifically, the positive electrode storage unit 11 has a positive electrode liquid inlet end 111 and a positive electrode liquid outlet end 112, the positive electrode liquid inlet end 111 and the positive electrode liquid outlet end 112 of the positive electrode storage unit 11 are connected to the positive electrode unit 51 through the conduit 2 respectively, the negative electrode storage unit 12 has a negative electrode liquid inlet end 121 and a negative electrode liquid outlet end 122, the negative electrode liquid inlet end 121 and the negative electrode liquid outlet end 122 of the negative electrode storage unit 12 are connected to the negative electrode unit 52 through the conduit 2 respectively;

[0068] S2: selecting an electrolyte, and injecting the electrolyte into the energy storage aerogel glass 1, specifically, the power unit 4 is arranged between the positive electrode unit 51 and the positive electrode storage unit 11, the power unit 4 transports the electrolyte passing through the positive electrode unit 51 to inject the electrolyte into the positive electrode storage unit 11 from the positive electrode liquid inlet end 111, and the power unit 4 is arranged between the negative electrode unit 52 and the negative electrode storage unit 12, the power unit 4 transports the electrolyte passing through the negative electrode unit 52 to inject the electrolyte into the negative electrode storage unit 12 from the negative electrode liquid inlet end 121;

[0069] S3: the power unit 4 transports the electrolyte to circulate between the positive electrode storage unit 11 and the negative electrode storage unit 12, specifically, the power unit 4 repeatedly transports the electrolyte passing through the positive electrode unit 51 to enter the positive electrode storage unit 11 from the positive electrode liquid inlet end 111 and flow out of the positive electrode storage unit 11 from the positive electrode liquid outlet end 112, and the electrolyte is transported in circulation, and the power unit 4 transports the electrolyte passing through the negative electrode unit 52 to inject the electrolyte into the negative electrode storage unit 12 from the negative electrode liquid inlet end 121, and the electrolyte is transported in circulation.

[0070] Specifically, taking ordinary glass pieces, a rectangular pattern is spotted by using a dispensing machine, and then two glasses are attached, so that a high-surface-area, low-thickness liquid flow battery single-stage energy storage aerogel glass 1 with a liquid storage cavity in the middle is obtained. Two-stage energy storage aerogel glasses 1 are connected to an electrode unit 5 (electric pile) through a conduit 2 and linked with a power unit 4 micro-turbine pump. Electrolyte is injected into the liquid storage cavity formed by the two glass enclosures along the liquid flow direction 3. The electrolyte is circulated in the entire system by the micro-turbine pump, so that a bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass, i.e., a smart window prototype, is obtained.

[0071] In this embodiment,

[0072] The application will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples.

[0073] Example 1

[0074] The preparation method of the bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass is described below by taking the preparation of a 3*2 smart window device as an example, which includes the following steps:

[0075] S-1, ordinary glass is divided into small pieces of 3cm*2cm, and then the divided glass is placed in a mixed liquid of hydrogen peroxide:ammonia water with a volume ratio of 1:3, and is left to stand for 30min. Then the glass is ultrasonically cleaned with deionized water for 3 times, each time for 15min. Finally, the glass is cleaned with isopropanol and dried with a dry nitrogen gas stream to obtain clean glass pieces.

[0076] S-2, one of the clean glass pieces is taken out, and an aerogel film 6 is attached to the glass piece. A rectangular pattern is spotted by using a dispensing machine, and a 500um fishing line (separating two glass pieces) is sandwiched on the glass piece. Then the two glasses are attached, the aerogel film 6 is compacted, and the glass is placed at 120℃ for 10min, so that a high-surface-area, low-thickness liquid flow battery single-stage energy storage aerogel glass 1 (electrochromic smart window optical modulation part) with an aerogel film 6 in the middle of the liquid storage cavity is obtained. Another energy storage aerogel glass 1 is prepared according to the above method. The two-stage energy storage aerogel glasses 1 are set as positive storage unit 11 and negative storage unit 12, respectively. The positive unit 51 and the negative unit 52 are used in combination, i.e., oxidation and reduction are used in combination, so that the two-stage energy storage aerogel glasses 1 are used in combination as a group of electrochromic energy storage aerogel glasses. The two-stage energy storage aerogel glasses 1 are connected to an electrode unit 5 (electric pile) through a conduit 2 and linked with a micro-pump.

[0077] S-3, adding functional molecule M2, auxiliary electrolyte NaCl and solvent water in the container, the solubility of functional molecule M2 is 1.18 mol / L (in the aqueous solution of NaCl), the solubility of auxiliary electrolyte NaCl is 2 mol / L, ultrasonic dissolution, to obtain electrochromic electrolyte solution, the above electrolyte is injected into the modified energy storage aerogel glass 1 along the liquid flow direction 3, the electrolyte flows along the aerogel membrane 6, and the electrolyte is circulated in the whole system by a micro turbine pump, so that a bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass, i.e. a smart window prototype, is obtained.

[0078] S-4, referring to Figure 5 The above bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass is connected with a power supply, the required voltage for power supply stimulation is less than 1.8 V, and the charging is completed in time, from a to b is the charging process, i.e. the coloring process of the modified bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass, and it can be seen from the figure that the color changes from colorless to blue-violet. Similarly, from c to d is the discharging process, i.e. the bleaching process of the modified bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass, and it can be seen from the figure that the color changes from blue-violet to colorless. From a to d, the whole process, the modified bistable electrochromic energy storage aerogel glass can realize the effect of electrochromism, i.e. the reversible regulation of color in the energy storage aerogel glass of the flow battery.

[0079] Although the present application is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A bistable electrochromic energy-storing aerogel glass, characterized in that, The energy storage aerogel glass (1) comprises a positive electrode storage unit (11) and a negative electrode storage unit (12), the positive electrode storage unit (11) is connected to the positive electrode unit (51), the negative electrode storage unit (12) is connected to the negative electrode unit (52), and the power unit (4) circulates the electrolyte in the positive electrode storage unit (11) and the negative electrode storage unit (12) respectively. The electrolyte comprises a functional molecule, an auxiliary electrolyte and a solvent, the functional molecule is in an oxidized form in the positive electrode storage unit under the action of the positive electrode unit, the functional molecule is in a reduced form in the negative electrode storage unit under the action of the negative electrode unit, the oxidized functional molecule and the reduced functional molecule have different colors; the solvent is water, and the solubility of the functional molecule in the solvent is 1.18-2.7 L / mol. The functional molecule comprises at least one of a viologen and a derivative thereof, and a structure general formula of the functional molecule is as follows: wherein R is a terminal quaternized ethyl ether, R1-R7 include any of H, C1-C24 alkyl, C1-C24 substituted alkyl, hydroxyl, ester, C1-C24 alkoxy, alkylamino, amino, C6-C24 aryl, and C7-C24 groups containing both aromatic and alkane.

2. The bistable electrochromic energy-storing aerogel glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrode unit (5) is a metal electrode, a non-metal electrode or a carbon-based electrode.

3. The bistable electrochromic energy-storing aerogel glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The molar ratio of the concentration of the functional molecule to the auxiliary electrolyte is (1-4):(1-5).

4. The bistable electrochromic energy-storing aerogel glass according to claim 1, wherein, The auxiliary electrolyte comprises one or more of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate and tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate.

5. The bistable electrochromic energy-storing aerogel glass according to claim 1, wherein, The aerogel film (6) is any one of a cellulose-based aerogel, a polyurethane-based aerogel and a silica-based aerogel.

6. A method for the preparation of a bistable electrochromic energy- storing aerogel glass according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: connecting the positive electrode unit (51) to the positive electrode storage unit (11) through a conduit (2), connecting the negative electrode unit (52) to the negative electrode storage unit (12) through the conduit (2), and connecting the power unit (4) to the conduit (2); S2: selecting the electrolyte, injecting the electrolyte into the energy storage aerogel glass (1), and permeating the electrolyte into the aerogel film (6); S3: circulating the electrolyte between the positive electrode storage unit (11) and the negative electrode storage unit (12) by the power unit (4).

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