Titanium alloy cutting oil and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of cutting oils, and discloses a titanium alloy cutting oil and a preparation method thereof. The titanium alloy cutting oil comprises a base oil, a modified vegetable oil, a synthetic fat, an extreme pressure anti-wear agent, an antioxidant, a non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor, an anti-oil mist agent, and a coupling agent. The titanium alloy cutting oil adopts polyester, phosphate ester, and phosphate ammonium salt as main additives, and is compounded with antioxidants, non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitors, and anti-oil mist agents. At the same time, ester-based synthetic oil with low viscosity is preferably used. The obtained cutting oil has excellent extreme pressure anti-wear and high lubrication properties, is free of sulfur and chlorine additives, and has the advantages of low viscosity, high flow rate, and easy cleaning, so as to meet the needs of high-intensity working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cutting oil, in particular to titanium alloy cutting oil and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Titanium alloy is a material with high strength, low density, good corrosion resistance and high temperature performance. It is mainly composed of titanium and various elements such as aluminum, vanadium, molybdenum, and iron. Titanium alloy is a general term for a class of metal materials, which mainly include α-type titanium alloy, β-type titanium alloy and α+β-type titanium alloy. The following problems often occur in the processing of titanium alloys: 1. The high strength of titanium alloys makes the cutting force generated during the cutting process larger, which will lead to increased tool wear, so more wear-resistant tool materials and higher cutting forces are required. 2. The thermal conductivity of titanium alloys is low, and heat is difficult to dissipate quickly in the cutting area, resulting in increased cutting temperature, which not only accelerates the wear rate of the tool, but may also cause the quality of the processed material surface to deteriorate. 3. Titanium alloys easily react with elements such as oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen in the air at high temperatures, resulting in hardening and embrittlement of the material surface. This reaction will further increase the difficulty of processing and may cause tool chipping.

[0003] Currently, most commonly used titanium alloy cutting fluids are water-based cutting fluids, but water-based cutting fluids do not take into account the characteristics of titanium alloys, such as high strength, difficulty in processing, and easy reaction with oxygen at high temperatures; they focus more on the good cooling and cleaning performance of water-based products, and do not take into account that water-based products with high fat content are prone to breeding bacteria, causing the processing fluid to become corrupt and smelly; it can be seen that water-based cutting fluids have poor extreme pressure and anti-wear properties, poor protection performance for titanium alloy surfaces, and their lubricity and biological stability have not met expectations.

[0004] At present, there is little public information on titanium alloy cutting oil. Some use sulfurized extreme pressure agents, sulfonates, etc. as additives, but the sulfur element contained in them can easily produce sulfide inclusions on the surface of titanium alloy during processing. These inclusions can become crack sources and easily cause cracks under high stress or high temperature conditions, affecting the fatigue life and reliability of the workpiece.

[0005] It can be seen that the existing technology still needs to be improved and enhanced. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a titanium alloy cutting oil with excellent extreme pressure and anti-wear, high lubricity, no sulfur and chlorine additives, low viscosity, high flow rate, and easy cleaning, and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A titanium alloy cutting oil comprises the following components, calculated by mass percentage: base oil: 60-70%, modified vegetable oil: 20-30%, synthetic fat: 1-3%, extreme pressure anti-wear agent: 5-10%, antioxidant: 0.3-1%, non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor: 0.5-1%, anti-oil mist agent: 0.5-1%, and coupling agent: 0.5-1%.

[0009] The titanium alloy cutting oil, wherein the base oil includes one or more of 3# paraffin-based white oil, 5# paraffin-based white oil, 10# paraffin-based white oil, 10# cycloalkyl white oil, poly-α-olefin oil, pentaerythritol diester, trimethylolpropane oleate, diisotridecyl adipate, bis(2-ethylhexyl sebacate), and 2-ethylhexyl oleate.

[0010] The titanium alloy cutting oil, wherein the modified vegetable oil includes one or more of tall oil, modified hydrogenated castor oil, oxidized rapeseed oil, and hydrogenated palm oil.

[0011] The titanium alloy cutting oil, wherein the synthetic fat includes one or more of isopropyl palmitate, 2,2-bis[[(1-oxooctyl)oxy]methyl]-1,3-octanoate, 2-ethylhexyl oleate, and tridecyl stearate.

[0012] The titanium alloy cutting oil, wherein the extreme pressure anti-wear agent includes one or more of 1-octyl phosphoric acid, fatty alcohol ethoxylated phosphate, lauryl ether phosphate, isotridecyl phosphate, oleyl polyether-2 phosphate, mono-C10-14-alkoxy α-hydrogen-ω-hydroxy-polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, phosphate ammonium salt, and phosphoramide.

[0013] The titanium alloy cutting oil, wherein the antioxidant includes one or more of the reaction product of N-phenylaniline and 2,4,4-trimethylpentene, N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine, alkylphenothiazine, 4,4-dioctyldiphenylamine, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and 2,6-di-tert-butylamino-p-cresol.

[0014] The titanium alloy cutting oil, wherein the non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor includes one or more of mercaptobenzothiazole, benzotriazole, methylbenzotriazole, and methylbenzotriazole sodium salt.

[0015] The titanium alloy cutting oil, wherein the anti-oil mist agent includes one or more of polyisobutylene, polyacrylate and ethylene propylene copolymer.

[0016] The titanium alloy cutting oil, wherein the coupling agent includes one or more of C16 Guerbet alcohol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, a mixture of C14 and C15 single-branched alcohols, lauryl alcohol, and ethylene glycol.

[0017] A method for preparing titanium alloy cutting oil comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1. The base oil, modified vegetable oil and extreme pressure anti-wear agent are mixed in proportion and stirred at a temperature of 40 to 50 ° C until the mixed solution is clear and transparent;

[0019] S2. Adding synthetic fat, antioxidant, non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor and anti-mist agent to the mixed solution in step S1;

[0020] S3. Add a coupling agent to the mixed solution in step S2 and stir until the solution is clear and transparent to obtain the titanium alloy cutting oil.

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention provides a titanium alloy cutting oil and a preparation method thereof, wherein the titanium alloy cutting oil has the following advantages:

[0023] (1) Excellent extreme pressure and anti-wear properties. The base oil, modified vegetable oil and extreme pressure anti-wear agent in the present invention can play a complementary role in titanium alloy processing. The base oil plays the role of carrying the modified vegetable oil and extreme pressure anti-wear agent; the modified vegetable oil has a variety of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids that can form a lubricating film that is thicker than the base oil, providing boundary lubrication; under high temperature and high pressure environment, the extreme pressure anti-wear agent reacts with the phosphorus compound on the surface of the titanium alloy to form a protective phosphate film. This film can withstand higher pressure and temperature, reduce direct contact between the workpiece and the tool, and thus reduce wear and friction.

[0024] (2) Good fluidity. Low viscosity helps to continuously remove heat from the processing area during processing and reduce tool wear.

[0025] (3) Safe and environmentally friendly, does not contain harmful substances such as sulfur and chlorine, is safe to store, is non-irritating to the skin and respiratory tract when used, is easily degradable, and is environmentally friendly.

[0026] (4) It has good corrosion inhibition performance and does not corrode titanium alloy workpieces, high-temperature alloy tools, and non-ferrous metal alloy parts of machine tools. It can also form an oil film to protect the high-temperature area of ​​the workpiece after processing from corrosion by oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen in the environment.

[0027] (5) High stability, no discoloration or stratification during long-term storage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention provides a titanium alloy cutting oil and a method for preparing the same. To clarify the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The present invention provides a titanium alloy cutting oil, which comprises the following components, calculated by mass percentage: base oil: 60-70%, modified vegetable oil: 20-30%, synthetic fat: 1-3%, extreme pressure anti-wear agent: 5-10%, antioxidant: 0.3-1%, non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor: 0.5-1%, anti-oil mist agent: 0.5-1%, and coupling agent: 0.5-1%.

[0030] Base oils form a protective film on the surface of metal materials, reducing direct contact between the tool and the workpiece during the cutting process. This reduces friction and wear, extends tool life, and improves the quality of the machined surface. Furthermore, base oils exhibit excellent thermal conductivity, effectively dissipating the significant heat generated during the cutting process, maintaining workpiece and tool temperatures within reasonable ranges and preventing thermal deformation and premature tool failure. Base oils also dissolve and disperse common additives such as antioxidants, extreme pressure additives, and anti-wear agents, enhancing the overall performance of cutting oils and making them ideal base oils for a variety of cutting oil formulations. Their excellent cleaning properties ensure they clean the tool and workpiece surfaces during the cutting process, removing metal chips and other impurities, maintaining a clean machining area, and reducing wear and surface defects.

[0031] Specifically, the base oil comprises one or more of 3# paraffin-based white oil, 5# paraffin-based white oil, 10# paraffin-based white oil, 10# naphthenic white oil, polyalphaolefin oil, pentaerythritol diester, trimethylolpropane oleate, diisotridecyl adipate, bis(2-ethylhexyl sebacate), 2-ethylhexyl oleate. 3# paraffin-based white oil, 5# paraffin-based white oil, 10# paraffin-based white oil, 10# naphthenic white oil are mineral oils, and their cost is lower, and they have good lubricity and cooling properties, but their chemical stability, biological stability and corrosion resistance are not as good as synthetic oils. Polyalphaolefin oil and above-mentioned esters are synthetic oils, and compared with mineral oils, they have a wider operating temperature range, better chemical stability, higher lubricity and longer service life, and they can better resist oxidation, reduce fouling, and provide excellent rust and corrosion protection.

[0032] Modified vegetable oils have excellent lubricating properties, effectively reducing friction between the tool and the workpiece during the cutting process. The long-chain fatty acids in their molecular structure can form a strong adsorption film on the metal surface, thereby reducing wear and cutting forces and extending tool life. Furthermore, modified vegetable oils have significantly improved their antioxidant and thermal stability. By introducing antioxidants or modifying the oil's molecular structure, their stability in high-temperature cutting environments is enhanced, preventing rapid oxidation and degradation of the oil. Modified vegetable oils also form a strong lubricating film, effectively preventing direct contact and wear between metals during cutting. Their polar molecules form a stable lubricating layer on the metal surface, further enhancing the lubrication effect.

[0033] In some embodiments, the modified vegetable oil includes one or more of tall oil, modified hydrogenated castor oil, oxidized rapeseed oil, and hydrogenated palm oil.

[0034] Tall oil contains a variety of chemical components such as fatty acids, resin acids, terpenes, phenols, etc. The fatty acids and resin acids it contains have certain extreme pressure and lubrication properties, which can improve the boundary lubrication effect of cutting oil in the titanium alloy processing process, reduce tool wear, and improve the surface quality of the workpiece; and the phenolic substances it contains have certain anti-rust and anti-corrosion effects, which help to protect the surface integrity of titanium alloy workpieces during processing and storage.

[0035] The hydrogenated castor oil and palm oil have a more stable molecular structure and increased polarity, which helps form a more effective lubricating film at the cutting interface, reducing friction and wear between the tool and the workpiece. Especially in high-temperature and high-pressure cutting environments, they can provide excellent boundary lubrication properties, protect titanium alloy surfaces from scratches, and improve the machining accuracy and surface finish of the workpiece. The hydrogenation process can improve the thermal oxidative stability of the oil, making the modified hydrogenated castor oil less likely to decompose under high-temperature processing conditions, maintaining its lubricating and cooling properties. This is particularly important for titanium alloy processing, because titanium alloys generate a lot of heat during cutting, requiring efficient cooling and lubrication to control cutting temperatures and prevent workpiece deformation or damage. Modified hydrogenated castor oil and hydrogenated palm oil also have good compatibility with other additives (such as extreme pressure agents and rust inhibitors), making them easy to formulate into cutting oil formulas with excellent overall performance to meet the specific needs of different titanium alloy processing. In addition, modified hydrogenated castor oil and hydrogenated palm oil themselves and their derivatives have certain rust and corrosion resistance properties, which can effectively protect titanium alloy workpieces from corrosion during processing and storage, extending the service life of the workpieces.

[0036] After oxidizing rapeseed oil, the unsaturated fatty acids in it will be converted into oxidation products with a certain polarity. These products form an oil film on the metal surface with better adhesion and load-bearing capacity, thereby providing more effective lubrication during the cutting process, reducing tool wear, and improving the quality of the machined surface. The oxidation process enhances the thermal stability of the oil, which can reduce the volatilization and oxidative decomposition of the oil in high-temperature processing environments, and maintain the stable performance of the cutting oil. Although the cooling performance of oxidized rapeseed oil may not be as good as some additives designed for cooling, it can indirectly help dissipate heat by improving lubricity, reducing the heat generated by friction, and protecting the workpiece and tool from thermal damage. Similarly, oxidized rapeseed oil and its oxidation products can form a protective film on the metal surface, which helps prevent rust and chemical corrosion of titanium alloys during processing and storage, and extend the service life of the workpiece.

[0037] Synthetic greases offer excellent lubrication properties, effectively reducing friction and wear between metal surfaces and extending the service life of equipment and tools. They maintain stable lubrication even under high temperatures, high pressures, and high speeds, making them suitable for a variety of metalworking processes. Synthetic greases form a protective film on metal surfaces, effectively preventing oxidation and corrosion. They are often used for post-processing rust prevention, protecting metal surfaces from moisture and corrosive substances. Furthermore, synthetic greases exhibit high thermal stability and are resistant to decomposition or oxidation at high temperatures, ensuring long-term lubrication and cooling, making them particularly effective in high-temperature machining processes.

[0038] In this embodiment, the synthetic fat includes one or more of isopropyl palmitate, 2,2-bis[[(1-oxooctyl)oxy]methyl]-1,3-octanoate, 2-ethylhexyl oleate, and tridecyl stearate.

[0039] Isopropyl palmitate is produced through the esterification reaction of palmitic acid (a long-chain saturated fatty acid) and isopropyl alcohol. Due to its excellent oiliness, isopropyl palmitate can be used to improve the lubrication properties of cutting oils, reduce friction and heat generation during the cutting process, and protect tool and workpiece surfaces. As an ester compound, isopropyl palmitate has excellent solubility and dispersibility, meaning it can serve as a carrier to better disperse other additives in cutting oils (such as extreme pressure anti-wear agents and rust inhibitors), thereby improving the uniformity and effectiveness of the overall formulation.

[0040] 2,2-Bis[[(1-oxooctyl)oxy]methyl]-1,3-octanoate contains a long carbon chain and ester group, which helps form a stable lubricating film on the metal surface, reducing direct contact between the tool and the workpiece, lowering the coefficient of friction, thereby reducing wear, improving machining accuracy and surface finish. Due to its complex molecular structure, this synthetic grease has high thermal stability, maintaining excellent lubrication properties during high-temperature cutting, preventing rapid oxidation and decomposition of the oil, and extending the service life of the cutting oil. The long alkyl chain and specific molecular structure provide it with excellent fluidity and permeability, helping the cutting oil to better reach the cutting area and enhance cooling and lubrication.

[0041] Oleic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid, and its esterification product, 2-ethylhexyl oleate, exhibits excellent lubricating properties. In cutting oils, it effectively reduces friction between the tool and the workpiece, minimizing wear. Especially under high-load cutting conditions, it provides essential boundary lubrication, protecting the tool and improving machined surface quality. The 2-ethylhexyl ester in 2-ethylhexyl oleate provides excellent thermal and oxidative stability for esters. This means that lubricating properties are maintained even at high temperatures during cutting, minimizing oil deterioration and deposition, and extending the life of the cutting oil.

[0042] Tridecyl stearate is produced through the esterification reaction of tridecyl alcohol (a linear alcohol containing 13 carbon atoms) and stearic acid (a saturated fatty acid containing 18 carbon atoms). Its long-chain structure provides excellent boundary lubrication and helps maintain lubrication properties even in the high-temperature environments of cutting. Stearates also possess excellent antioxidant properties, slowing the oxidation rate of oils in air, reducing the formation of sludge and varnish, and maintaining the cleanliness and clarity of cutting oils.

[0043] Extreme pressure anti-wear additives are additives that form a high-melting-point chemical reaction film on metal surfaces under high-temperature, high-pressure boundary lubrication conditions. During titanium alloy processing, these additives form a tough chemical protective film on the surface that can withstand extremely high pressure without breaking. This film reduces friction between the tool and the workpiece, thereby lowering the coefficient of friction. This improves processing efficiency and reduces energy consumption.

[0044] Specifically, the extreme pressure anti-wear agent includes one or more of 1-octyl phosphoric acid, fatty alcohol ethoxylated phosphate, lauryl ether phosphate, isotridecyl phosphate, oleyl polyether-2 phosphate, mono-C10-14-alkoxy α-hydrogen-ω-hydroxy-polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, phosphate ammonium salt, and phosphoramide. The above-mentioned extreme pressure anti-wear agent does not contain sulfur, which can avoid sulfide inclusions on the surface of titanium alloy and reduce crack sources. The above-mentioned phosphate esters and their salts all contain phosphorus, making them an effective lubricating material, especially under high load conditions, and can provide extreme pressure lubrication effects. Under extreme pressure, phosphate esters can form a strong protective film on the metal surface through chemical reactions. This film can withstand extremely high local pressure, effectively blocking the metal surface and preventing direct contact and adhesive wear.

[0045] Antioxidants are additives that delay or inhibit polymer oxidation, thereby preventing polymer aging and extending its life. Because cutting oils are used repeatedly over long periods of time, a small amount of effective antioxidant is essential to prevent oxidation of readily oxidizable substances, such as phosphate esters, self-emulsifying esters, and tall oil, from prolonged exposure to high temperatures.

[0046] Specifically, the antioxidant includes one or more of the following: the reaction product of N-phenylaniline and 2,4,4-trimethylpentene, N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine, alkylphenothiazine, 4,4-dioctyldiphenylamine, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, and 2,6-di-tert-butylamino-p-cresol. These antioxidants are amine antioxidants and phenolic antioxidants, and their primary function is to prevent or slow the oxidation process of the oil, extending the service life of the cutting oil and maintaining stable cutting oil performance. Amine antioxidants capture free radicals in the oil, interrupting the oxidation chain reaction and preventing oxidative degradation. They can directly react with peroxide radicals to form stable non-radical substances, terminating the propagation of free radicals. They can also chelate metal ions (such as copper and iron), which often act as catalysts that accelerate oil oxidation. By chelating these metal ions, amine antioxidants can further slow the oxidation process. Phenolic antioxidants, on the other hand, terminate the chain oxidation reaction initiated by free radicals by donating hydrogen atoms to free radicals. Among them, the more phenolic hydroxyl groups in the phenolic molecule, the stronger its antioxidant ability is generally. The stable free radicals formed by phenolic antioxidants in the reaction can further react with hydrogen donors to restore their antioxidant ability and achieve self-regeneration, thereby durably protecting the oil. The conjugated system (large π bond) in phenolic compounds can disperse energy, help stabilize free radical intermediates, and further enhance their antioxidant efficacy. The combination of amine antioxidants and phenolic antioxidants can produce a synergistic effect and enhance the overall antioxidant performance. The preferred antioxidants are the reaction product of N-phenylaniline and 2,4,4-trimethylpentene and N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine. The above preferred antioxidants can be more stably present in cutting oils and more effectively prevent oxidation.

[0047] Nonferrous metal corrosion inhibitors are additives that form a protective film on nonferrous metal surfaces, blocking the attack of corrosive substances. Their primary function in cutting oils and machine tool components is to prevent corrosion of nonferrous metals and their alloys, protect machine tool components, enhance cutting oil stability, improve machining quality, and prevent electrochemical corrosion. The use of nonferrous metal corrosion inhibitors can significantly extend the service life of equipment and components, reduce maintenance costs, and improve machining efficiency and product quality.

[0048] In the present embodiment, the non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor includes one or more of mercaptobenzothiazole, benzotriazole, tolyltriazole, tolyltriazole sodium salt. Above-mentioned azole compounds can form a thin protective film on non-ferrous metal surface (such as copper, copper alloy), and this layer of film can isolate the moisture, oxygen and other corrosive media in metal and surrounding environment, thus effectively preventing or slowing down the corrosion process of metal. Azoles corrosion inhibitor, by reacting with metal surface, makes metal ion become difficult to participate in further corrosion reaction, thus reaches the effect of slowing down corrosion, and they can form stable complex with metal ion, reduce the activity of metal ion. When cutting non-ferrous metal, especially copper and copper alloy, adding azoles corrosion inhibitor can effectively prevent workpiece from changing color during processing, keeps the original gloss and color of metal. The addition of azole salt can also improve the chemical stability of cutting oil, prevents cutting oil itself from deteriorating due to oxidation in long-term use or storage process. Preferably, the non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor is benzotriazole and tolyltriazole. The above-mentioned preferred non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor has stronger oil solubility and can exist more stably in cutting oil.

[0049] Anti-mist agents reduce the surface tension of liquids, making it more difficult for them to form droplets or mist. They can also disperse particles or tiny droplets in the liquid to maintain its stability. Since cutting oils need to be recycled over a long period of time, the addition of anti-mist agents helps reduce the formation of oil mist during processing, reducing oil mist pollution.

[0050] Specifically, the anti-mist agent comprises one or more of polyisobutylene, polyacrylate, and ethylene-propylene copolymer. Polyisobutylene can increase the viscosity of the cutting oil, helping to form a more stable oil film and reducing atomization while maintaining good lubrication properties. During the cutting process, polyisobutylene forms a continuous protective film, reducing the splashing of oil droplets and thus the generation of oil mist. Polyacrylate has excellent surface activity and can form a thin film at the oil-water interface, effectively inhibiting the generation of oil mist. Adding ethylene-propylene copolymer to the cutting oil can enhance the strength and toughness of the oil film and reduce the breakage and atomization of oil droplets during the cutting process.

[0051] A coupling agent is a chemical that links two or more molecules, promoting reactions and creating bonds between the reactants. Since both the original cutting fluid and the diluted solution need to be stored or used for a long time, adding a small amount of coupling agent can make the original and diluted solutions more stable and less prone to oil separation and stratification.

[0052] Specifically, the coupling agent includes one or more of C16 Guerbet alcohol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, a mixture of C14 and C15 monobranched alcohols (ISALCHEM 145), lauryl alcohol, and ethylene glycol. A preferred coupling agent is C16 Guerbet alcohol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and a mixture of C14 and C15 monobranched alcohols.

[0053] The present invention adopts polyester, phosphate ester and phosphate ammonium salt as main additives, and is compounded with antioxidant, non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor and anti-oil mist agent. At the same time, ester-based synthetic oil with low viscosity is preferred. The prepared cutting oil has excellent extreme pressure anti-wear and high lubrication properties, is free of sulfur and chlorine additives, and has the advantages of low viscosity, high flow rate, easy cleaning, etc., so as to meet the needs of high-intensity working conditions.

[0054] The present invention also provides a method for preparing titanium alloy cutting oil, comprising the following steps:

[0055] (1) Mix the base oil, modified vegetable oil, and extreme pressure anti-wear agent in proportion and stir the mixed solution at a temperature of 40-50°C until the mixture becomes clear and transparent. By mixing the above ingredients first, they form the core performance foundation of the cutting oil and play a complementary role to achieve the best lubrication and anti-wear effect.

[0056] (2) Adding synthetic fat, antioxidant, non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor, and anti-oil mist agent to the mixed solution in step (1). The addition of the above additives can prevent the cutting oil from deteriorating due to oxidation and prevent corrosion caused by non-ferrous metals. The addition is performed in a post-addition manner to ensure the uniform distribution of the non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor and effectively protect the workpiece. The anti-oil mist agent needs to be evenly dispersed in the formed oil-based system to achieve the most effective oil mist suppression effect.

[0057] (3) Adding a coupling agent to the mixed solution in step (2) and stirring until the solution is clear and transparent to prepare the titanium alloy cutting oil. The coupling agent mainly functions to improve the compatibility between the additive and the base oil, ensuring that all additive components can be fully mixed and stably present in the oil without stratification or precipitation, so it is added last.

[0058] The base oil, modified vegetable oil, and extreme pressure anti-wear agent in the present invention complement each other in titanium alloy processing. The base oil acts as a carrier for the modified vegetable oil and extreme pressure anti-wear agent. The modified vegetable oil contains a variety of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, which can form a thicker lubricating film than the base oil, providing boundary lubrication. Under high temperature and high pressure, the phosphorus compounds in the extreme pressure anti-wear agent react with the titanium alloy surface to form a protective phosphate film. This film can withstand high pressures and temperatures, reducing direct contact between the workpiece and the tool, thereby reducing wear and friction. The resulting cutting oil has low viscosity and good fluidity, which helps continuously remove heat from the processing area during machining and reduces tool wear. It contains no harmful substances such as sulfur and chlorine, is safe to store, is non-irritating to the skin and respiratory tract during use, and is easily degradable and environmentally friendly. It has excellent corrosion inhibition properties, causing no corrosion to titanium alloy workpieces, high-temperature alloy tools, and non-ferrous metal alloy components of machine tools. It also forms an oil film to protect the high-temperature area of ​​the workpiece after machining from corrosion by oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen in the environment. It also has high stability and does not discolor or delaminate during long-term storage.

[0059] In order to further illustrate the titanium alloy cutting oil and the preparation method thereof provided by the present invention, the following examples and comparative examples are provided.

[0060] The components of each embodiment and comparative example are shown in Tables 1, 3 and 5.

[0061] The preparation method of each embodiment and comparative example comprises the following steps:

[0062] (1) Mix the base oil, modified vegetable oil and extreme pressure anti-wear agent in the proportions shown in Tables 1, 3 and 5, and stir the mixed solution at a temperature of 40 to 50°C until it becomes clear and transparent.

[0063] (2) Adding synthetic fat, antioxidant, non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor and anti-oil mist agent to the mixed solution in step (1).

[0064] (3) adding a coupling agent to the mixed solution in step (2) and stirring until the solution is clear and transparent to obtain the titanium alloy cutting oil.

[0065] The testing methods of each embodiment and comparative example are as follows:

[0066] (1) The test object of the present invention is the stock solution prepared in each embodiment and comparative example, and the test object is titanium alloy cutting oil.

[0067] (2) Kinematic viscosity (40℃, mm 2 / s)(GB / T 265, ASTM D445), Flash point (open, ℃)(GB / T3536, ASTM D92), Pour point (℃)(GB / T 3535, ASTM D97), Copper corrosion (grade) (GB / T5096, ASTM D130), Saponification value (mgKOH / g)(GB / T 5530).

[0068] (3) The test method for four-ball friction and wear shall be carried out in accordance with GB / T 12583. Tester model: Xiamen Tianji MS-10A.

[0069] (4) Test method of tapping torque:

[0070] Extrusion speed 800 rpm, depth 8 mm, maximum torque 500 Ncm, tool: TTT-M4F-T for Titan; TB6 titanium alloy: TTT-testbar 3.7164-M4F / 3.7 8 mm.

[0071] Cutting speed 800 rpm, depth 8 mm, maximum torque 500 Ncm. Tool: TTT-M4C-Ni; TB6 titanium alloy: TTT-testbar 3.7164-M4F / 3.7 8 mm. Tester model: TAP TTTSystem-G8.

[0072] (5)SRV friction and wear test method: Tester model: Optimol 5. Friction pair: YG8 carbide ball (upper specimen) / TB6 titanium alloy disk (lower specimen); load: 100 N; stroke: 2 mm; frequency: 20 Hz; temperature: 30°C.

[0073] (6) Stability test method: Seal the test object at room temperature (25°C) and leave it for 12 hours, and observe the state changes; seal the test object at low temperature (-13±2°C) and leave it for 24 hours, and observe the changes; seal the test object at high temperature (70°C) and leave it for 5 hours, and observe the changes (GB / T 6144).

[0074] Examples of extreme pressure antiwear agents

[0075] Table 1 Composition of components of Example 1, Example 1-1, Example 1-2, Example 1-3 and Comparative Example 1

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] Table 2 Test results of basic physical and chemical indicators and lubrication performance of the above examples and comparative examples

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] As can be seen from Table 2, the lubrication performance of Example 1 and Example 1-1 is superior to that of Example 1-2, Example 1-3, and Comparative Example 1. The coefficient of friction is less than that of Example 1-2, Example 1-3, and Comparative Example 1. The surface roughness is less than that of Example 1-2, Example 1-3, and Comparative Example 1. In summary, the performance of Example 1 is greater than that of Example 1-1, greater than that of Example 1-2, greater than that of Example 1-3, and Comparative Example 1.

[0082] Examples of modified vegetable oils

[0083] Table 3 Component composition of Example 2, Example 2-1, Comparative Example 2-1, Comparative Example 2-2 and Comparative Example 2-3

[0084]

[0085] Table 4 Test results of basic physical and chemical indicators and lubrication performance of the above examples and comparative examples

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] As can be seen from Table 4, the lubrication performance of Example 2 and Example 2-1 is superior to that of Comparative Example 2-1, Comparative Example 2-2, and Comparative Example 2-3. The friction coefficient is less than that of Comparative Example 2-1, Comparative Example 2-2, and Comparative Example 2-3. The surface roughness is less than that of Comparative Example 2-1, Comparative Example 2-2, and Comparative Example 2-3. In summary, the performance of Example 2 > the performance of Example 2-1 > the performance of Comparative Example 2-1 > the performance of Comparative Example 2-2 > the performance of Comparative Example 2-3.

[0089] Examples of synthetic fats

[0090] Table 5 Component composition of Example 3, Example 3-1, Example 3-2, Example 3-3 and Comparative Example 3

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] Table 6 Test results of basic physical and chemical indicators and lubrication performance of the above examples and comparative examples

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] As can be seen from Table 6, the lubrication performance of Example 3 and Example 3-1 is superior to that of Example 3-2, Example 3-3, and Comparative Example 3. The coefficient of friction is less than that of Example 3-2, Example 3-3, and Comparative Example 3. The surface roughness is less than that of Example 3-2, Example 3-3, and Comparative Example 3. In summary, the performance of Example 3 is greater than that of Example 3-1, greater than that of Example 3-2, greater than that of Example 3-3, and Comparative Example 3.

[0097] In summary, the present invention aims at the existing problems and combines the titanium alloy cutting process at the production site. It is very necessary to propose a titanium alloy cutting oil with excellent extreme pressure, anti-wear and high lubrication performance and its preparation method. Taking into account the performance requirements of titanium alloy cutting, and the problems that the existing technology over-emphasizes cooling performance and uses additives that are not friendly to titanium alloys, the present invention adopts polyester, phosphate ester and phosphate ammonium salt as the main additives, and compounded with antioxidants, non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitors, and anti-oil mist agents. At the same time, ester-based synthetic oil with lower viscosity is preferred, so that the cutting oil obtained has excellent extreme pressure, anti-wear and high lubrication performance, no sulfur and chlorine additives, and has the advantages of low viscosity, high flow rate, easy cleaning, etc., so as to meet the needs of high-intensity working conditions.

[0098] A testing method simulating on-site machining was designed for cutting, drilling, grinding, and other working conditions during the machining process. Using an SRV multi-functional friction and wear testing machine, a TAP TTTSystem-G8 tapping torque tester, and a four-ball friction and wear tester, the method simulates the wear of the workpiece surface and tool after on-site machining, quantitatively analyzes the lubrication performance, and uses three-dimensional white light to analyze the roughness of the processed surface.

[0099] It is understandable that those skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, and all such changes or substitutions should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A titanium alloy cutting oil, characterized in that: Calculated by mass percentage, it includes the following components: base oil: 69.9%, modified vegetable oil: 20%, synthetic grease: 3%, extreme pressure anti-wear agent: 5%, antioxidant: 0.5%, non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor: 0.5%, anti-oil mist agent: 0.3%, and coupling agent: 0.8%; the base oil includes one or more of 3# paraffin-based white oil and polyα-olefin oil; the modified vegetable oil includes one or more of tall oil, modified hydrogenated castor oil, and oxidized rapeseed oil; the synthetic fat includes one or more of isopropyl palmitate and 2,2-bis[[(1-oxooctyl)oxy]methyl]-1,3-octanoate propylene glycol; the extreme pressure anti-wear agent includes one or more of 1-octyl phosphoric acid and oleyl alcohol polyether-2 phosphate; the antioxidant includes one or more of the reaction product of N-phenylaniline and 2,4,4-trimethylpentene and 2,6-di-tert-butylamino-p-cresol; the non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor includes one or more of benzotriazole and methylbenzotriazole; the anti-oil mist agent includes one or more of polyisobutylene, polyacrylate, and ethylene propylene copolymer; the coupling agent includes one or more of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether and a mixture of C14 and C15 single-branched alcohols.

2. A method for preparing titanium alloy cutting oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. The base oil, modified vegetable oil and extreme pressure anti-wear agent are mixed in proportion and stirred at a temperature of 40 to 50 ° C until the mixed solution is clear and transparent; S2. Adding synthetic fat, antioxidant, non-ferrous metal corrosion inhibitor and anti-mist agent to the mixed solution in step S1; S3. Add a coupling agent to the mixed solution in step S2 and stir until the solution is clear and transparent to obtain the titanium alloy cutting oil.

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