A precise concentration generating device for dust particles and a dust generation simulation method

Abstract

The present invention provides a device for generating a precise concentration of dust particles and a dust generation simulation method, which belongs to the technical field of mine dust pollution. The device comprises a smoke cake particle generator and a water tank, wherein a feeding port is provided at the top of the smoke cake particle generator, a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the smoke cake particle generator, the discharge port is connected to a feed pipe, the initial end of the feed pipe is connected to a feed fan, the feed fan is electrically connected by a fan controller, the end of the feed pipe is connected to a cyclone chamber of a cyclone, a high-temperature heating pipe is provided at the bottom of the cyclone chamber, the high-temperature heating pipe is electrically connected by a thermostat, a dust outlet is provided at the top of the cyclone, a rectifier is provided in the dust outlet, a slag outlet is provided at the bottom of the cyclone, a slag outlet is hingedly connected to the slag outlet, a water tank is connected to a water distribution pipe, a high-pressure pump is connected in series to a first branch pipe of the water distribution pipe, at least four nozzles are connected to the end of the first branch pipe, the nozzles extend into the cyclone chamber of the cyclone, and a valve is connected in series to a second branch pipe of the water distribution pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mine dust pollution, and relates to an experimental device, in particular to a device for generating a precise concentration of dust particles and a dust generation simulation method. Background Art

[0002] As mining depths increase, dust pollution also increases. High dust concentrations seriously affect coal mining safety. When dust concentrations reach a certain level, exposure to open flames can easily cause serious explosions. Furthermore, workers who work in high-concentration dust environments for long periods of time are susceptible to pneumoconiosis, which has drawn significant attention to the safety of mining operations.

[0003] In order to solve the dust pollution problem, colleges and universities, research institutes, etc. have built a large number of dust simulation experimental platforms to study ventilation control and spray dust reduction laws in order to develop efficient dust removal technology and equipment. Among them, simulating the dust generation process of mine dust is extremely important. The main dust generation methods include: (1) dust blowing: by using a nozzle or a spray gun to spray dust materials into the air to form a certain concentration of dust, simulating the dust generated during coal mining; (2) vibration device: using a vibration device to shake dust into the air, simulating the dust generated during excavation or vibration; (3) ground dust: by letting dust fall freely from a high place to generate a dust cloud, simulating the dust generation process when transporting coal in the mine. For the coal mine environment, the main source of dust is the dust generated during the cutting of coal rocks, and its main dust generation method should be dust blowing. However, since the dust particles are extremely small, the average particle size is generally less than 10μm, which makes it difficult to sample on site. The dust grinding efficiency of crushers, vibration mills, and ball mills is very low, and it is difficult to produce a large number of fine dust particles. During the development of many experimental platforms, smoke generated by burning smoke cakes is often used to simulate dust. The average particle size of smoke particles is generally less than 10 μm, effectively simulating the dynamics of dust particles as they react to wind currents. The demand for using smoke particles to simulate dust particles is increasing. However, the combustion process of smoke cakes is uncontrollable, and the concentration of smoke particles is particularly difficult to precisely adjust. The smoke generation and extinguishing functions cannot be achieved at will, making most experimental processes difficult to operate.

[0004] There are two types of existing dust particle generating devices:

[0005] (1) Generators using liquid smoke agent as raw material. After being heated and volatilized, the liquid smoke agent condenses into dust particles when encountering cooler air. This type of dust particle generator consumes a lot of smoke oil, is expensive, cannot control humidity, and the generated dust particles are large in size and generally settle to the bottom. In particular, it is unable to simulate fine dust particles with a particle size of <10μm.

[0006] (2) A device for generating raw materials using ground powder. Generally, the powder is first ground through a crusher, a vibration mill, or a ball mill to generate dust, and then passes through a conveying module and an airflow injection module to generate dust particles. The dust particles generated by this type of grinding process rarely reach an average particle size of <10μm. In addition, the grinding process is very complicated, time-consuming, and labor-intensive, often requiring multiple operators to complete. The quality of each grinding is very low, making it unsuitable for experimental platform systems with large dust production requirements, and the humidity of the airflow containing dust particles cannot be adjusted. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology and to propose a precise concentration generating device for dust particles and a dust generation simulation method.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a device for accurately generating the concentration of dust particles, comprising a smoke cake particle generator and a water tank, a feeding port is provided on the top of the smoke cake particle generator, a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the smoke cake particle generator, the discharge port is connected to a feed pipe, the initial end of the feed pipe is connected to a feed fan, the feed fan is electrically controlled by a fan controller, the end of the feed pipe is connected to a cyclone chamber of a cyclone, a high-temperature heating pipe is provided at the bottom of the cyclone chamber, and the high-temperature heating pipe is provided. The pipes are electrically connected by a temperature controller, a dust outlet is provided at the top of the cyclone, a rectifier is provided in the dust outlet, a slag outlet is provided at the bottom of the cyclone, a slag outlet is hinged on the slag outlet, the water tank is connected to a water distribution pipe, a high-pressure pump is connected in series to the first branch of the water distribution pipe, at least four nozzles are connected to the end of the first branch, and the nozzles extend into the cyclone chamber of the cyclone, a valve is connected in series to the second branch of the water distribution pipe, at least one drain port is provided at the end of the second branch, and the drain port is connected to the cyclone chamber of the cyclone.

[0009] In the above-mentioned precise concentration generating device for dust particles, the smoke cake particle generator includes a casing with a crushing chamber, a crushing motor is provided on the casing, the crushing motor is electrically controlled by a motor controller, and the rotating shaft driven by the crushing motor extends into the crushing chamber of the casing, a plurality of crushing blades are circumferentially provided at the middle of the rotating shaft, a plurality of stirring blades are circumferentially provided at the bottom of the rotating shaft, a partition is provided in the crushing chamber, the partition is driven to open and close by a magnetic adjuster, and the partition is located between the crushing blade and the stirring blade.

[0010] In the above-mentioned precise concentration generating device for dust particles, the partition includes a polygonal fixed plate, and a plurality of opening and closing plates are movably connected on the periphery of the fixed plate. The plurality of opening and closing plates are spliced together to form an outer contour that matches the cross-section of the crushing chamber. Magnets are arranged on the outer edges of the opening and closing plates, and the magnetic force adjuster is provided with magnetic coils corresponding to the magnets one by one, and the magnetic coils form magnetic attraction or magnetic repulsion with the magnets.

[0011] In the above-mentioned precise concentration generating device for dust particles, the fixed plate is a square plate, and the opening and closing plate is an arc plate. The straight edge of the arc plate and the straight edge of the square plate are rotatably connected by a hinge, and the arc edge of the arc plate is consistent with the arc shape of the inner wall of the casing; each opening and closing plate is provided with a limit ring, and the limit ring is an arc bent rod, one end of the arc bent rod is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the opening and closing plate, and the other end of the arc bent rod forms a limit end toward the square plate, and the limit end abuts against the bottom side of the square plate, so that the opening and closing plate forms a downward angle with the horizontal plane.

[0012] In the above-mentioned precise concentration generating device for dust particles, a mounting hole is opened in the middle of the fixing plate, a bearing is arranged in the mounting hole, and the rotating shaft passes through the bearing to form a rotating connection.

[0013] In the above-mentioned precise concentration generating device for dust particles, the first branch pipe is connected in series with a pressure gauge; the second branch pipe is connected in series with a flow meter.

[0014] In the above-mentioned precise concentration generating device for dust particles, the high-temperature heating tube adopts a stainless steel tube body, the high-temperature heating tube is coiled in multiple circles, and both ends of the high-temperature heating tube are connected to the temperature controller.

[0015] A dust generation simulation method for a device for generating a precise concentration of dust particles is provided, which is applied to the device for generating a precise concentration of dust particles. The dust generation simulation method comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. First, turn on the high-temperature heating tube to reach the set temperature and preheat for 2 to 3 minutes; then open the valve to allow the water in the water tank to flow into the cyclone through the drain port;

[0017] S2. Open the feeding port and feed some cigarette cakes into the cigarette cake particle generator. Then close the feeding port. At this time, the partition is in a closed state and some cigarette cakes are retained above the partition.

[0018] S3. Start the crushing motor to drive the rotating shaft to drive the crushing blades. The crushing blades crush the tobacco cakes to the required particle size at a speed of 5000r / min to 40000r / min, and control the crushing motor to stop; start the feeding fan and adjust the wind speed through the fan controller; start the crushing motor again, and control the rotating shaft to drive the stirring blades at a speed of 10r / min to 80r / min through the motor controller; adjust the magnetic poles of the magnetic coil to be the same as the magnetic poles of the magnet, and use the repulsion of like poles to push the opening and closing plate downward, so that a connecting gap is formed between the periphery of the fixed plate and the inner wall of the casing; the crushed tobacco cake particles are affected by gravity and enter the bottom of the partition through the connecting gap, and then continue to fall into the feeding pipe after being rotated and stirred by the stirring blades; when all the tobacco cake particles are discharged into the feeding pipe, adjust the magnetic poles of the magnetic coil to be opposite to the magnetic poles of the magnet, and use the attraction of opposite poles to attract the opening and closing plate, so that the edge of the opening and closing plate fits the inner wall of the casing to form a cross-sectional seal;

[0019] S4. The wind from the feed fan blows all the smoke particles in the feed pipe into the cyclone, generating a high-speed, outward-rotating airflow in the cyclone. The smoke particles in the outward-rotating airflow are simultaneously acted upon by two radial forces: one is the centrifugal force generated by the tangential velocity of the rotating airflow, which pushes the smoke particles outward; the other is the centripetal force generated by the radial velocity of the rotating airflow, which pushes the smoke particles inward. In the rotating airflow, the centrifugal force generated by the tangential velocity of the large-mass smoke particles is greater than the centripetal force generated by the radial velocity. As a result, the smoke particles are transported to the inner wall of the cyclone by the inertial centrifugal force and fall downward in the outward-rotating airflow.

[0020] When the smoke cake particles fall to the high-temperature heating tube, they are ignited by the high temperature and burn to produce fine dust particles and smoke cake residue. The small-mass dust particles have a centrifugal force generated by the tangential velocity that is smaller than the centripetal force generated by the radial velocity. Under the action of the centripetal force, the dust particles enter the inward-spinning upward airflow and spiral upward evenly along the axial direction of the cyclone. The remaining smoke cake residues slide to the slag discharge port due to the centrifugal force due to their large mass.

[0021] S5. The water flowing out of the water outlet slides down the inner wall of the cyclone under the action of gravity to the high-temperature heating tube. The high-temperature heating turns the water vapor into water vapor. Driven by the internal upward airflow, the water vapor spirals upward evenly. During the rising process, the water vapor is fully mixed with the dust particles, increasing the humidity of the dust-laden airflow.

[0022] S6. The airflow containing dust particles rises to the dust outlet, and then passes through the rectifier to form a dust-generating airflow with consistent flow direction and stable flow rate; the combustion continues until the set time, and smoke cake residue accumulates at the slag discharge port. The slag discharge door is opened regularly to clean the smoke cake residue.

[0023] In the dust generation simulation method of the above-mentioned precise concentration generating device for dust particles, the high-temperature heating tube causes the temperature of the lower part of the cyclone chamber to rise during heating, resulting in a temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the cyclone chamber. The lower part of the cyclone chamber is in a low-pressure state, causing the cyclone chamber to produce an upper and lower pressure difference; at the same time, the high-pressure outward rotating airflow from top to bottom reaches the high-temperature heating tube, and after gradually heating, it flows back into the inward rotating rising airflow, forming a pressure difference from the outside to the inside with the outward rotating airflow having a low temperature and a high air pressure, and the inward rotating airflow having a high temperature and a low air pressure.

[0024] In the dust generation simulation method of the above-mentioned precise concentration generating device of dust particles, when the dust generation airflow simulation is completed, the crushing motor and the high-temperature heating tube are shut down, the slag discharge door is opened and the high-pressure pump is started, so that the water in the water tank passes through a branch pipe and is evenly sprayed into the cyclone chamber through multiple nozzles to form a high-pressure fog field, and under the action of the high-speed external rotating airflow in the cyclone chamber, the inner wall of the cyclone barrel is flushed to clean the attached particle residue, and the cleaning is carried out 2 to 3 times in total and each time is not less than 3 minutes. After the cleaning is completed, the high-pressure pump is turned off; the feeding fan continues to blow for at least 10 minutes, and the airflow enters the cyclone chamber through the feeding pipe to dry the inner wall of the cyclone barrel. After the drying is completed, the feeding fan and the slag discharge door are closed.

[0025] Compared with the existing technology, the precise concentration generating device of dust particles and the dust generation simulation method have the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. This device can pulverize tobacco cakes into particles through high-speed rotating crushing blades, and realize quantitative and continuous transportation of tobacco cake particles with an integrated coaxial design, thereby reducing the volume of the entire device.

[0027] 2. Utilizing the high-speed rotating airflow within the cyclone, the smoke cake particles are uniformly and continuously carried to the bottom of the cyclone by centrifugal force. High-temperature heating causes the smoke cake particles to combust, producing dust particles with a uniform concentration. The average particle size of the dust particles can be less than 10μm, effectively simulating the diffusion of fine dust particles in a coal mine environment. Furthermore, by generating thermal effects and pressure differentials, the effects of along-the-path resistance on the rotating airflow are reduced.

[0028] 3. The dust particles are emitted stably and without swirl through the rectifier. A fixed amount of water flows out through the water outlet and vaporizes after flowing into the high-temperature heating tube. The vaporized water vapor is more uniform under the action of swirl, and the humidity of the dust particle jet airflow is adjusted according to the needs of the dust particle simulation scene.

[0029] 4. The added nozzle effectively purifies the impurities in the cyclone under the action of the cyclonic airflow. The cleaning operation is convenient and thorough, and will not affect the next particle concentration simulation.

[0030] 5. This technology can efficiently utilize tobacco cake raw materials. The technical method is simple to operate and one operator can complete all the processes. There is no need to pre-treat tobacco cakes or coal rock samples, which saves time and effort. The tobacco cakes used are low in cost, effectively reducing experimental costs.

[0031] In summary, compared to directly burning smoke cakes to generate dust particles, this method produces more uniform, precise, and controllable dust particle concentrations. The start and stop of dust particle generation can be controlled at any time, making it suitable for experimental simulations of various coal mine dust particle environments. It can precisely adjust dust particle concentration, effectively control humidity, and facilitate equipment cleaning, offering advantages such as high cost-effectiveness, a wide range of applicability, and promising application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is the overall structure diagram of the precise concentration generating device for dust particles.

[0033] Figure 2 It is an enlarged front view of the partition in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a partial enlarged view of the partition in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 This is an enlarged top view of the partition in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of the high-temperature heating tube of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 This is an enlarged view of the rectifier in the present invention.

[0038] In the figure, 1. Tobacco particle generator; 2. Crushing motor; 3. Motor controller; 4. Rotating shaft; 5. Crushing blade; 6. Partition; 6a. Fixed plate; 6b. Hinge; 6c. Opening and closing plate; 6d. Magnet; 6e. Limiting ring; 7. Magnetic adjustable device; 7a. Magnetic coil; 8. Mixing blade; 9. Feeding fan; 10. Fan controller; 11. Feeding pipeline; 12. Cyclone; 13. High-temperature heating tube; 14. Temperature controller; 15. Slag discharge door; 16. Rectifier; 16a. Air hole; 17. Water tank; 18. Branch one; 19. High-pressure pump; 20. Pressure gauge; 21. Nozzle; 22. Branch two; 23. Flow meter; 24. Valve; 25. Drain port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, the precise concentration generating device of dust particles includes a smoke particle generator 1 and a water tank 17. A feeding port is provided at the top of the smoke particle generator 1, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the smoke particle generator 1. The discharge port is connected to a feeding pipe 11. The initial end of the feeding pipe 11 is connected to a feeding fan 9, which is electrically controlled by a fan controller 10. The end of the feeding pipe 11 is connected to a cyclone chamber of a cyclone 12. A high-temperature heating tube 13 is provided at the bottom of the cyclone chamber, which is electrically controlled by a temperature controller 14. A dust outlet is provided at the top of the cyclone 12, a rectifier 16 is provided in the dust outlet, a slag outlet is provided at the bottom of the cyclone 12, and a slag discharge door 15 is hinged on the slag discharge port. Figure 1 As shown, the water tank 17 is connected to the water distribution pipe, the high-pressure pump 19 is connected in series to the branch pipe 18 of the water distribution pipe, the pressure gauge 20 is connected in series to the branch pipe 18, and the end of the branch pipe 18 is connected to at least four nozzles 21, which extend into the cyclone chamber of the cyclone barrel 12. The actual liquid pressure in the branch pipe 18 is measured by the pressure gauge 20, so that the power of the high-pressure pump 19 is adjusted according to the injection pressure requirement to make the actual injection intensity and force meet the required standards.

[0042] A flow meter 23 is connected in series to branch pipe 22 of the water distribution pipe. A valve 24 is also connected in series to branch pipe 22. At least one drain port 25 is provided at the end of branch pipe 22, which communicates with the cyclone chamber of cyclone 12. The flow meter 23 measures the actual liquid flow in branch pipe 22, and the opening of valve 24 is adjusted based on the required water inflow to maintain the set water inflow.

[0043] The water tank 17 provides water to the drain port 25 and the nozzle 21 through the water distribution pipe, and water is injected into the cyclone chamber through the drain port 25 to change the humidity of the output airflow containing dust particles; the high-pressure fog field is sprayed into the cyclone chamber through the nozzle 21, and under the action of the high-speed external swirling airflow of the cyclone 12, the particle residue on the inner wall of the cyclone 12 is effectively cleaned to prevent the particle residue from falling off and affecting the subsequent uniform concentration of particles. The fan controller 10 can adjust the wind speed of the feeding fan 9 to achieve the change of the wind speed at the inlet of the cyclone 12, and to prevent the accumulation of smoke cake particles in the feeding pipe 11 due to too low wind speed. The cyclone 12 is a variable diameter cylinder structure composed of a cylindrical structure and a conical structure. Specifically, the middle part of the cyclone 12 is an intermediate cylinder, the upper part of the intermediate cylinder is connected to the upright cone, and the lower part of the intermediate cylinder is connected to the inverted cone. The small diameter opening at the top of the upright cone is connected to the dust outlet at a right angle, and the small diameter opening at the bottom of the inverted cone forms a slag outlet. Figure 6 As shown, a plurality of air holes 16a are provided inside the rectifier 16 for reducing the swirl characteristics of the dust-containing airflow due to the internal swirling upward airflow, so that the dust-containing airflow presents a stable and consistent flow direction, so as to output uniform and consistent direction of dust particles.

[0044] like Figure 1 and2 As shown, the cigarette cake particle generator 1 includes a casing with a crushing chamber, a crushing motor 2 is provided on the casing, the crushing motor 2 is electrically controlled by a motor controller 3, a rotating shaft 4 driven by the crushing motor 2 extends into the crushing chamber of the casing, a plurality of crushing blades 5 are circumferentially provided at the middle of the rotating shaft 4, a plurality of stirring blades 8 are circumferentially provided at the bottom of the rotating shaft 4, a partition 6 is provided in the crushing chamber, the partition 6 is driven to open and close by a magnetic adjuster 7, and the partition 6 is located between the crushing blade 5 and the stirring blade 8.

[0045] The crushing blade 5 and the stirring blade 8 adopt an integrated coaxial design, which fully utilizes the torque of the crushing motor 2 and thus reduces the volume of the entire equipment.

[0046] The motor controller 3 regulates the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 4, controlling the mass of the transported tobacco particles and, consequently, the concentration of the generated dust particles. The crushing blade 5 operates at a speed range of 5,000 rpm to 40,000 rpm, while the stirring blade 8 operates at a speed range of 10 rpm to 80 rpm. A partition 6 separates the crushing and stirring chambers, which are opened by a magnetic adjustable device 7. Gravity forces the tobacco particles downward, and driven by the stirring blade 8, the particles evenly fall into the feed pipe 11 below, ensuring the continuity and stability of dust particle transport.

[0047] like Figure 3 and 4 As shown, the partition 6 includes a polygonal fixed plate 6a, and a plurality of opening and closing plates 6c are movably connected on the periphery of the fixed plate 6a. The plurality of opening and closing plates 6c are assembled to form an outer contour that matches the cross-section of the crushing chamber of the cigarette cake particle generator 1. A magnet 6d is set on the outer edge of the opening and closing plate 6c, and the magnetic adjustable device 7 sets a magnetic coil 7a corresponding to the magnet 6d one by one. The magnetic coil 7a and the magnet 6d form magnetic attraction or magnetic repulsion.

[0048] The number of magnetic coils 7a is consistent with the number of opening and closing plates 6c, and the magnetic coils 7a are arranged on the inner wall of the housing in a one-to-one correspondence with the opening and closing plates 6c. Based on the principle of electromagnet, the direction of current is manually adjusted to change the polarity of the magnetic pole according to demand.

[0049] The operability of the opening and closing plate 6c enables an integrated coaxial design of the cigarette particle generator 1, reducing the installation volume. Furthermore, the opening and closing of the opening and closing plate 6c is controlled by the magnetic force adjustable device 7, thereby connecting or isolating the crushing area and the stirring area, thereby achieving convenient operation and high work efficiency.

[0050] The fixed plate 6a is a square plate, and the opening and closing plate 6c is an arc plate. The straight edge of the arc plate and the straight edge of the square plate are rotatably connected through the hinge 6b, and the arc edge of the arc plate matches the arc shape of the inner wall of the casing; each opening and closing plate 6c is provided with a limit ring 6e, and the limit ring 6e is an arc bent rod, one end of the arc bent rod is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the arc plate, and the other end of the arc bent rod faces the square plate to form a limit end, and the limit end abuts against the bottom side of the square plate, so that the arc plate forms a downward angle with the horizontal plane.

[0051] The cylindrical shell facilitates uniformity in rotary crushing and stirring. Fixed plate 6a can also adopt other equilateral polygonal structures, with a circular arc plate disposed on each straight edge. When flattened, all the circular arc plates seal the inner cross-section of the cylindrical shell. A stop ring 6e is welded to opening and closing plate 6c. This ensures that the maximum drop angle α of opening and closing plate 6c does not exceed 20°, ensuring that the distance between magnet 6d and magnetic coil 7a is short enough to be magnetically closed when opposite poles attract. That is, when partition 6 is open, opening and closing plate 6c is tilted against stop ring 6e due to the repulsive magnetic forces. This shortens the distance between magnet 6d and magnetic coil 7a, facilitating the retraction of magnet 6d by adjustable magnetic force device 7.

[0052] The middle of the fixed plate 6a is provided with a mounting hole, in which a bearing is provided, and the rotating shaft 4 passes through the bearing to form a rotational connection. The assembly of the bearing allows the rotating shaft 4 to pass through the partition plate 6 without interfering with the rotating shaft 4 driving the crushing blade 5 and the mixing blade 8 to rotate.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, the high-temperature heating tube 13 is made of stainless steel and is arranged in multiple coils around the circumference. Both ends of the high-temperature heating tube 13 are connected to a thermostat 14. The thermostat 14 regulates the temperature of the high-temperature heating tube 13 to achieve the effects of heating and evaporating the water in the cyclone chamber and igniting the smoke particles.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] Based on the first embodiment, the differences of this embodiment are:

[0056] A dust generation simulation method for a device for generating a precise concentration of dust particles is provided, which is applied to the device for generating a precise concentration of dust particles. The dust generation simulation method comprises the following steps:

[0057] S1. First, turn on the high-temperature heating tube 13 to reach the set temperature and preheat for 2 to 3 minutes; then open the valve 24 to allow the water in the water tank 17 to flow into the cyclone 12 through the drain port 25;

[0058] S2. Open the feeding port and feed some cigarette cakes into the cigarette cake particle generator 1. Then close the feeding port. At this time, the partition 6 is in a closed state, and some cigarette cakes are retained above the partition 6.

[0059] S3, start the crushing motor 2 to drive the rotating shaft 4 to drive the crushing blades 5 to operate, and the crushing blades 5 crush the tobacco cake to the required particle size at a speed of 5000r / min to 40000r / min, and control the crushing motor 2 to stop; start the feeding fan 9 and adjust the wind speed through the fan controller 10; start the crushing motor 2 again, and control the rotating shaft 4 to drive the stirring blades 8 at a speed of 10r / min to 80r / min through the motor controller 3; adjust the magnetic poles of the magnetic coil 7a and the magnetic poles of the magnet 6d Similarly, the repulsion of like poles pushes the opening and closing plate 6c downward, forming a connecting gap between the periphery of the fixed plate 6a and the inner wall of the casing; the crushed tobacco particles, under the action of gravity, pass through the connecting gap and enter under the partition 6, and then continue to fall into the conveying pipe 11 after being rotated and stirred by the stirring blades 8; after all the tobacco particles are discharged into the conveying pipe 11, the magnetic poles of the magnetic coil 7a are adjusted to be opposite to the magnetic poles of the magnet 6d, and the opening and closing plate 6c is attracted by the attraction of opposite poles, so that the edge of the opening and closing plate 6c is in contact with the inner wall of the casing to form a cross-sectional blockage;

[0060] S4. All the smoke particles in the feeding pipe 11 are blown into the cyclone 12 by the wind force of the feeding fan 9. A high-speed rotating external swirling airflow is generated in the cyclone 12. The smoke particles in the external swirling airflow are simultaneously acted upon by two forces in the radial direction. One is the centrifugal force generated by the tangential velocity of the rotating airflow, which pushes the smoke particles outward; the other is the centripetal force generated by the radial velocity of the rotating airflow, which pushes the smoke particles inward; in the rotating airflow, the centrifugal force generated by the tangential velocity of the large-mass smoke particles is greater than the centripetal force generated by the radial velocity, and the smoke particles are transported to the inner wall of the cyclone 12 by the inertial centrifugal force, and fall in the entrainment of the external swirling airflow; the falling smoke particles are mixed and stirred by the strongly turbulent external swirling airflow, so that the falling smoke particles gradually become uniform.

[0061] When the smoke cake particles fall to the high-temperature heating tube 13, the smoke cake particles are ignited under the action of high temperature, and the combustion produces fine dust particles and smoke cake residues; among them, the small-mass dust particles have a centrifugal force generated by the tangential velocity that is less than the centripetal force generated by the radial velocity, so the dust particles enter the inward-spinning rising airflow under the action of the centripetal force, and the dust particles spiral upward evenly along the axial direction of the cyclone 12, and the remaining smoke cake residues slide to the slag discharge port due to the centrifugal force due to their large mass; the design of the cyclone 12 can make the incoming smoke cake particles mixed evenly under the drive of the outward-spinning airflow, and at the same time, a certain concentration of dust particles can be evenly output under the action of the inward-spinning rising airflow.

[0062] S5. The water flowing out of the water outlet 25 slides down the inner wall of the cyclone 12 to the high-temperature heating tube 13 under the action of gravity. The high-temperature heating vaporizes the water into water vapor. The water vapor is driven by the internal upward airflow and spirals upward uniformly. During the upward process, the water vapor is fully mixed with the dust particles, increasing the humidity of the dust-laden airflow.

[0063] S6. The airflow containing dust particles rises to the dust outlet, and then passes through the rectifier 16 to form a dust-generating airflow with consistent flow direction and stable flow rate; the combustion continues until the set time, and smoke cake residue accumulates at the slag discharge port. The slag discharge door 15 is opened regularly to clean the smoke cake residue.

[0064] When heated, the high-temperature heating tube 13 causes the temperature of the lower part of the cyclone chamber to rise, resulting in a temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the cyclone chamber. The lower part of the cyclone chamber is in a low-pressure state, causing a pressure difference between the upper and lower parts of the cyclone chamber. At the same time, the high-pressure outward rotating airflow from top to bottom reaches the high-temperature heating tube 13, and after being gradually heated, it flows back into the inward rotating rising airflow, forming a pressure difference from outside to inside with low temperature and high pressure of the outward rotating airflow and high temperature and low pressure of the inward rotating airflow.

[0065] Driven by the internal and external pressure differentials within cyclone 12, the downward and inward flow of gas is accelerated, increasing its kinetic energy. Furthermore, driven by thermal effects, the energy consumption caused by frictional resistance between the outward-spinning airflow and the inner wall of cyclone 12 is reduced, thereby lowering the pressure requirement for feed fan 9 and indirectly reducing noise pollution caused by the high-pressure fan.

[0066] When the dust-generating airflow simulation is completed, shut down the crushing motor 2 and the high-temperature heating tube 13, open the slag discharge door 15 and start the high-pressure pump 19, so that the water in the water tank 17 passes through the branch pipe 18 and is evenly sprayed into the cyclone chamber through multiple nozzles 21 to form a high-pressure mist field. Under the action of the high-speed external swirling airflow in the cyclone chamber, the inner wall of the cyclone barrel 12 is flushed to clean the attached particle residue. The cleaning is done 2 to 3 times in total, and each time is not less than 3 minutes. After the cleaning is completed, turn off the high-pressure pump 19; the feeding fan 9 continues to blow for at least 10 minutes, and the airflow enters the cyclone chamber through the feeding pipe 11 to dry the inner wall of the cyclone barrel 12. After the drying is completed, turn off the feeding fan 9 and the slag discharge door 15.

[0067] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or substitute them in a similar manner, but will not deviate from the spirit of the invention or exceed the defined scope. Although the invention has been described and described in detail in the accompanying drawings and the foregoing description, such illustrations and descriptions are considered to be illustrative or exemplary rather than restrictive. It should be understood that within the scope of the following claims, changes and modifications may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art. Specifically, the present invention encompasses additional embodiments having any combination of features from the different embodiments described above. With respect to the use of the expression "generally" or "substantially", this patent application should be understood to disclose features and values that also fully satisfy these features and values, i.e., without the aforementioned characterization as "generally" or "substantially".

[0068] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A device for generating a precise concentration of dust particles, comprising a smoke cake particle generator and a water tank, characterized in that: A feeding port is provided on the top of the smoke cake particle generator, a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the smoke cake particle generator, the discharge port is connected to a feeding pipe, the initial end of the feeding pipe is connected to a feeding fan, the feeding fan is electrically controlled by a fan controller, the end of the feeding pipe is connected to the cyclone chamber of the cyclone, a high-temperature heating pipe is provided at the bottom of the cyclone chamber, the high-temperature heating pipe is electrically controlled by a temperature controller, a dust outlet is provided on the top of the cyclone, a rectifier is provided in the dust outlet, a slag outlet is provided at the bottom of the cyclone, a slag outlet is hingedly connected to the slag outlet, the water tank is connected to a water distribution pipe, a high-pressure pump is connected in series to the branch pipe 1 of the water distribution pipe, at least four nozzles are connected to the end of the branch pipe 1, the nozzles extend into the cyclone chamber of the cyclone, a valve is connected in series to the branch pipe 2 of the water distribution pipe, at least one water outlet is provided at the end of the branch pipe 2, and the water outlet is connected to the cyclone chamber of the cyclone; The tobacco cake particle generator includes a casing with a crushing chamber, a crushing motor is provided on the casing, the crushing motor is electrically controlled by a motor controller, a rotating shaft connected to the crushing motor drives and extends into the crushing chamber of the casing, a plurality of crushing blades are provided along the circumference of the middle portion of the rotating shaft, a plurality of stirring blades are provided along the circumference of the bottom portion of the rotating shaft, a partition is provided in the crushing chamber, the partition is driven to open and close by a magnetic adjustable device, and the partition is located between the crushing blades and the stirring blades; The partition includes a polygonal fixed plate, and a plurality of opening and closing plates are movably connected to the periphery of the fixed plate. The plurality of opening and closing plates are assembled to form an outer contour that matches the cross-section of the crushing chamber. Magnets are arranged on the outer edges of the opening and closing plates. The magnetic force adjuster is provided with magnetic coils corresponding to the magnets one by one, and the magnetic coils form magnetic attraction or magnetic repulsion with the magnets. The fixed plate is a square plate, and the opening and closing plate is an arc plate. The straight edge of the arc plate and the straight edge of the square plate are rotatably connected by a hinge, and the arc edge of the arc plate is consistent with the arc shape of the inner wall of the casing; each opening and closing plate is provided with a limit ring, and the limit ring is an arc bent rod, one end of the arc bent rod is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the opening and closing plate, and the other end of the arc bent rod forms a limit end toward the square plate, and the limit end abuts against the bottom side of the square plate, so that the opening and closing plate forms a downward angle with the horizontal plane.

2. The precise concentration generating device for dust particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting hole is opened in the middle of the fixing plate, a bearing is arranged in the mounting hole, and the rotating shaft passes through the bearing to form a rotating connection.

3. The precise concentration generating device for dust particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first branch pipe is connected in series with a pressure gauge; the second branch pipe is connected in series with a flow meter.

4. The precise concentration generating device for dust particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature heating tube adopts a stainless steel tube body, and the high-temperature heating tube is coiled in multiple circles. Both ends of the high-temperature heating tube are connected to the temperature controller.

5. A dust generation simulation method for a device for generating a precise concentration of dust particles, characterized in that: The device for accurately generating the concentration of dust particles as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the dust generation simulation method comprises the following steps: S1. First, turn on the high-temperature heating tube to reach the set temperature and preheat for 2 to 3 minutes; then open the valve to allow the water in the water tank to flow into the cyclone through the drain port; S2. Open the feeding port and feed some cigarette cakes into the cigarette cake particle generator. Then close the feeding port. At this time, the partition is in a closed state and some cigarette cakes are retained above the partition. S3. Start the crushing motor to drive the rotating shaft to drive the crushing blades. The crushing blades crush the tobacco cakes to the required particle size at a speed of 5000r / min to 40000r / min, and control the crushing motor to stop; start the feeding fan and adjust the wind speed through the fan controller; start the crushing motor again, and control the rotating shaft to drive the stirring blades at a speed of 10r / min to 80r / min through the motor controller; adjust the magnetic poles of the magnetic coil to be the same as the magnetic poles of the magnet, and use the repulsion of like poles to push the opening and closing plate downward, so that a connecting gap is formed between the periphery of the fixed plate and the inner wall of the casing; the crushed tobacco cake particles are affected by gravity and enter the bottom of the partition through the connecting gap, and then continue to fall into the feeding pipe after being rotated and stirred by the stirring blades; when all the tobacco cake particles are discharged into the feeding pipe, adjust the magnetic poles of the magnetic coil to be opposite to the magnetic poles of the magnet, and use the attraction of opposite poles to attract the opening and closing plate, so that the edge of the opening and closing plate fits the inner wall of the casing to form a cross-sectional seal; S4. The wind from the feed fan blows all the smoke particles in the feed pipe into the cyclone, generating a high-speed, outward-rotating airflow in the cyclone. The smoke particles in the outward-rotating airflow are simultaneously acted upon by two radial forces: one is the centrifugal force generated by the tangential velocity of the rotating airflow, which pushes the smoke particles outward; the other is the centripetal force generated by the radial velocity of the rotating airflow, which pushes the smoke particles inward. In the rotating airflow, the centrifugal force generated by the tangential velocity of the large-mass smoke particles is greater than the centripetal force generated by the radial velocity. As a result, the smoke particles are transported to the inner wall of the cyclone by the inertial centrifugal force and fall downward in the outward-rotating airflow. When the smoke cake particles fall to the high-temperature heating tube, they are ignited by the high temperature and burn to produce fine dust particles and smoke cake residue. The small-mass dust particles have a centrifugal force generated by the tangential velocity that is smaller than the centripetal force generated by the radial velocity. Under the action of the centripetal force, the dust particles enter the inward-spinning upward airflow and spiral upward evenly along the axial direction of the cyclone. The remaining smoke cake residues slide to the slag discharge port due to the centrifugal force due to their large mass. S5. The water flowing out of the water outlet slides down the inner wall of the cyclone under the action of gravity to the high-temperature heating tube. The high-temperature heating turns the water vapor into water vapor. Driven by the internal upward airflow, the water vapor spirals upward evenly. During the rising process, the water vapor is fully mixed with the dust particles, increasing the humidity of the dust-laden airflow. S6. The airflow containing dust particles rises to the dust outlet, and then passes through the rectifier to form a dust-generating airflow with consistent flow direction and stable flow rate; the combustion continues until the set time, and smoke cake residue accumulates at the slag discharge port. The slag discharge door is opened regularly to clean the smoke cake residue.

6. The dust generation simulation method of the device for generating a precise concentration of dust particles according to claim 5, characterized in that: When heated, the high-temperature heating tube causes the temperature of the lower part of the cyclone chamber to rise, resulting in a temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the cyclone chamber. The lower part of the cyclone chamber is in a low-pressure state, causing a pressure difference between the upper and lower parts of the cyclone chamber. At the same time, the high-pressure outward rotating airflow from top to bottom reaches the high-temperature heating tube, and after gradually heating, it flows back into the inward rotating rising airflow, forming a pressure difference from outside to inside with low temperature and high air pressure in the outward rotating airflow and high temperature and low air pressure in the inward rotating airflow.

7. The dust generation simulation method of the device for generating a precise concentration of dust particles according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the dust-generating airflow simulation is completed, shut down the crushing motor and the high-temperature heating tube, open the slag discharge door and start the high-pressure pump, so that the water in the water tank passes through the branch pipe and is evenly sprayed into the cyclone chamber through multiple nozzles to form a high-pressure mist field. Under the action of the high-speed external rotating airflow in the cyclone chamber, flush the inner wall of the cyclone tube to clean the attached particle residue. Clean it 2 to 3 times in total and each time for no less than 3 minutes. After cleaning, turn off the high-pressure pump; the feeding fan continues to blow for at least 10 minutes, and the airflow enters the cyclone chamber through the feeding pipe to dry the inner wall of the cyclone tube. After drying, close the feeding fan and the slag discharge door.

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