Combined dust removal system with micro-dynamic sedimentation and filtration dust removal and graded purification

Abstract

The present invention discloses a combined dust removal system with both micro-dynamic sedimentation and filtering dust removal and graded purification, which is composed of a dust particle sedimentation box (4), a filtering dust removal and purification box (5), an ash discharge port (7), an ash hopper (8), an electric ash discharge valve (9), a support leg (10), and a PLC control system. A dust-laden air flow inlet (1) is provided at the upper part of the dust particle sedimentation box (4), and an air supply port (2) is provided on the outer side of the lower part of the dust particle sedimentation box (4). A purified gas outlet (3) is provided at the top of the dust particle sedimentation box (4), and a composite filter assembly (6) is provided at the upper part of the dust particle sedimentation box (4). The present invention utilizes the combined action of multiple force fields such as gravity, inertia, collision, Brownian diffusion, cohesion, and retention to achieve micro-dynamic sedimentation and filtering dust removal and graded purification of dust in a mine crushing system. The system has the advantages of high dust removal efficiency, low energy consumption, low operating cost, simple structure, and easy installation, and has significant comprehensive dust control and energy saving effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mine environmental protection equipment, and in particular relates to a combined dust removal device with gravity sedimentation and filtering and grading purification functions, which is particularly suitable for application in mine crushing systems. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of industrialization, crushers are increasingly used in many industries. However, during operation, crushers generate large amounts of dust, which seriously pollutes the area and surrounding environment. If this dust is not effectively controlled and purified, it will remain suspended in the air for a long time due to the disturbance of airflow in the workplace. This not only pollutes the working environment, consumes ore raw materials, accelerates equipment wear, but also seriously threatens the physical and mental health of operators. Therefore, how to improve the dust removal performance of crusher dust collectors has become a focus of many companies.

[0003] Ore crushing dust has always been a typical dust source in the mining production process. Further analysis shows that in order to improve working conditions and the natural environment of the factory, certain effective dust removal and purification measures must be taken.

[0004] At present, the dust collector of a crusher usually consists of a dust hood, a dust suction duct, a dust collector body, a filter device, an exhaust pipe, etc. When the crusher is working, the dust generated will be collected by the dust hood and enter the dust collector body through the dust suction duct. After being filtered by the filter device, the clean air is discharged through the exhaust pipe, and the dust is collected in the dust collector body for subsequent processing. However, the dust removal efficiency of this dust collector is low, and the proportion of unorganized dust emissions is relatively large. In order to improve the dust removal efficiency of the crusher, the current methods for crushing dust mainly use wet operations, spray dust suppression, wet dust collectors or dry dust removal, which have the following shortcomings:

[0005] 1) Wet operation only reduces the amount of dust generated during the crushing process, but cannot completely suppress the generation of dust;

[0006] 2) The water mist sprayed by the spray dust suppression device cannot completely cover the dust generated in the crushing space. At the same time, the contact time between the water mist and the dust in the space is short. A single spray dust suppression device is difficult to completely purify the crushing dust.

[0007] 3) The use of traditional wet dust collectors or dry dust collectors not only requires large engineering investment, high energy consumption, and difficulty in operation and maintenance, but also traditional wet or dry dust collection technology only considers dust removal and fails to consider material recovery. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems of large engineering investment, high energy consumption, difficult operation and maintenance, and low dust removal efficiency in the treatment of mine crushing dust by traditional spray dust suppression and wet dust collectors and dry dust collectors. A combined dust removal system with high dust removal efficiency, low energy consumption, low operating costs, and the ability to achieve on-demand ventilation and dust removal according to changes in wind volume, which combines micro-dynamic sedimentation and filtering dust removal and graded purification.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the combined dust removal system of the present invention with both micro-dynamic sedimentation and filtration dust removal and graded purification adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] The present invention is a combined dust removal system with micro-power sedimentation and filtering dust removal and graded purification. It is composed of a dust particle sedimentation box, a filtering dust removal purification box, an ash discharge port, an ash hopper, an electric ash discharge valve, a support leg, and a PLC control system. A dust-laden air inlet is provided on the upper part of the dust particle sedimentation box, and an air supply port is provided on the outer side of the lower part of the dust particle sedimentation box. The filtering dust removal purification box is located next to the dust particle sedimentation box, and the middle and lower parts of the filtering dust removal purification box and the dust particle sedimentation box are connected. ; A purified gas outlet is provided at the top of the dust particle settling box, and a composite filter assembly is provided at the upper part of the dust particle settling box; the ash discharge port and ash hopper are located at the lower part of the dust particle settling box and the filter dust purification box, and the electric ash discharge valve is located at the bottom of the ash hopper; the dust particle settling box, the filter dust purification box, the ash discharge port and the ash hopper are supported on support legs; dust concentration sensors are respectively provided at the dust-laden air inlet and the purified gas outlet; the air supply port is connected to the air supply fan through a pipe, The dust air inlet is connected to the dust removal fan through a pipeline; the PLC control system is connected to the dust concentration sensor, the air supply fan, and the dust removal fan to form a purification and recovery device, forming a purification and recovery device control system; the dust concentration sensor detects the dust concentration changes in the dust-laden air inlet and the purified gas outlet pipe, and the PLC control system performs frequency conversion adjustment on the air supply fan and the dust removal fan to achieve on-demand ventilation and dust removal; after the dust airflow generated during the operation of the crushing system enters the dust-laden air inlet, due to its own gravity, the large particles of dust first fall to the ash discharge port and enter the ash hopper in the settling chamber in the dust particle settling box, and the small particles of dust contact, collide, and adhere to each other under the push and action of the air flow at the air supply port, so that the dust particle size increases and the weight increases, and some dust also slowly settles down; the dust that has not settled continues to flow to the filter dust purification box, and the fine dust is purified under the filtration of the composite filter component, and the purified clean air flow is discharged through the purified gas outlet.

[0011] Assume the height of the dust particle settling chamber is H, the width is B, the air velocity at the air supply outlet is V, the average diameter of the dust particles is d, the dust particle density is ρ1, the air density is ρ2, and the acceleration of gravity is g. In the settling chamber of the dust particle settling box, the dust particles collide, agglomerate, and settle under the action of the micro-dynamics of the air supply airflow and their own gravity. Since the air supply airflow velocity is low and the force is micro-dynamic, the airflow resistance coefficient can be ignored. The air supply outlet airflow velocity V is calculated according to the following formula:

[0012] H / B=πdρ1g / 128ρ2V 2 .

[0013] Preferably, the composite filter assembly is composed of a plurality of membrane filter cartridges arranged in an array; the diameter of the membrane filter cartridges is 300-350 mm, and the interval between adjacent membrane filter cartridges is 80-100 mm.

[0014] Preferably, the height, length and width ratios of the space in the settling chamber of the dust particle settling box are set to 2: (0.9-1.1): (0.48-0.52), 2:1:0.5; the indoor cross-sectional area of ​​the filtering dust removal and purification box is equal to the indoor cross-sectional area of ​​the dust particle settling box.

[0015] In order to further improve the dust removal effect of the present invention and achieve the purpose of ultra-clean emission, the present invention further provides a wire mesh filter plate on the composite filter assembly. The wire mesh filter plate is woven from multiple strands of metal wire mesh to form a fine-pored filter material. The wire mesh diameter is 0.08mm~0.55mm and the bulk density is 136~168kg / m 3 Specific surface area 420~650m 2 / m 3 , porosity 0.67~0.86; the thickness of the wire mesh filter plate is 150~200mm, ensuring the filtration resistance at 200~250Pa, and can separate dust particles with a particle size greater than 3μm.

[0016] In the filtration dust removal purification box, in order to ensure that the dust that fails to settle in the settling chamber of the dust particle settling box can be completely attached to the composite filter assembly, a reasonable filtration wind speed should be ensured. According to the experimental and field application test results, the filtration wind speed should be 0.8-1.0m / s.

[0017] The present invention combines micro-powered sedimentation with filtration and dust removal, adopting a high-efficiency and energy-saving dust removal method that combines micro-powered sedimentation with filtration and dust removal, achieving a significant dust purification effect. Specifically, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1) The combined dust removal and purification system of micro-power sedimentation, filtration and dust removal and graded purification is adopted, which greatly improves the dust removal efficiency, has significant comprehensive dust control and energy saving effects.

[0019] 2) In the settling chamber of the dust particle settling box, large dust particles and some fine dust particles are naturally settled under the action of the micro-dynamic airflow provided by the air supply port, which greatly reduces the energy consumption of the dust removal system.

[0020] 3) In the purification chamber of the filtration dust removal box, some fine dust that fails to settle naturally is purified through the composite filter assembly, which greatly reduces the load of filtration dust removal.

[0021] 4) The PLC control system performs frequency conversion adjustment on the air supply fan and dust removal fan to achieve ventilation and dust removal on demand.

[0022] 5) Use micro-power dust removal, use the power generated by air flow movement to achieve alternating cycles of negative and positive pressure, and use gas pressure to suppress, relieve, and knock down the dust-laden airflow, so that the dust is captured in the dust collector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the combined dust removal system of the present invention that combines micro-dynamic sedimentation with filtering, dust removal and graded purification.

[0024] Figure 2 Layout diagram of the composite filter assembly designed for the combined dust removal system of the present invention that combines micro-dynamic sedimentation with filtering, dust removal and graded purification.

[0025] The figures are marked as follows: 1-dust-laden air inlet; 2-air supply outlet; 3-purified gas outlet; 4-dust particle settling area; 5-filter dust removal and purification box; 6-composite filter assembly; 7-ash discharge port; 8-ash hopper; 9-electric ash discharge valve; 10-support leg; 11-membrane filter cartridge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] To further illustrate the present invention, the following detailed description of the combined dust removal system featuring both micro-dynamic sedimentation and filtration dust removal and graded purification is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments represent only a portion of the present invention, not all of it. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without inventive effort are considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Depend on Figure 1As shown in the structural schematic diagram of the combined dust removal system of the present invention with both micro-power sedimentation and filtering dust removal and graded purification, the combined dust removal system of the present invention with both micro-power sedimentation and filtering dust removal and graded purification is composed of a dust particle sedimentation box 4, a filtering dust purification box 5, an ash discharge port 7, an ash hopper 8, an electric ash unloading valve 9, a support leg 10 and a PLC control system. The height, length and width ratio of the space dimensions in the dust particle sedimentation box 4 is set to 2:1:0.5, and the indoor cross-sectional area of ​​the filtering dust purification box 5 is equal to the indoor cross-sectional area of ​​the dust particle sedimentation box 4. A dust-laden air flow inlet 1 is provided at the upper part of the dust particle settling box 4, and an air supply port 2 is provided on the outer side of the lower part of the dust particle settling box 4; the filtering dust removal and purification box 5 is located next to the dust particle settling box 4, and the middle and lower parts of the filtering dust removal and purification box 5 and the dust particle settling box 4 are connected to form a dust-laden gas air flow channel after micro-power sedimentation and dust removal; a purified gas outlet 3 is provided at the top of the dust particle settling box 4, and a composite filter assembly 6 is provided at the upper part of the dust particle settling box 4, and the composite filter assembly 6 is composed of a plurality of membrane filter cartridges 11 arranged in an array; the diameter of the membrane filter cartridge 11 is 300-350mm, and the interval between adjacent membrane filter cartridges 11 is 80-100mm. The ash discharge port 7 and ash hopper 8 are located at the lower part of the dust particle sedimentation box 4 and the filtering dust removal purification box 5, and the electric ash unloading valve 9 is located at the bottom of the ash hopper 8; the dust particle sedimentation box 4, the filtering dust removal purification box 5, the ash discharge port 7, and the ash hopper 8 are supported on the support legs 10; dust concentration sensors are respectively provided at the dust-laden air flow inlet 1 and the purified gas outlet 3, the air supply port 2 is connected to the air supply fan through a pipeline, and the dust-laden air flow inlet 1 is connected to the dust removal fan through a pipeline; the PLC control system is connected to the dust concentration sensor, the air supply fan, and the dust removal fan to form a purification and recovery device and a purification and recovery device control system, and the automatic control of the air supply fan and the dust removal fan and the on-demand ventilation and dust removal according to the change of air volume are realized through the PLC control system.

[0028] In the embodiment, the combined dust removal system of the present invention with both micro-power sedimentation and filtering dust removal and graded purification is used for dust control in the crushing system of the mineral processing plant. After the dust airflow generated during the operation of the crushing system enters from the dust-laden airflow inlet 1, due to its own gravity, the large dust particles first fall by themselves in the sedimentation chamber of the dust particle sedimentation box 4 to the ash discharge port 7 and enter the ash hopper 8. Under the push and action of the airflow from the air supply port 2, the small dust particles contact, collide, and adhere to each other, causing the dust particle size to increase and the weight to increase, and some dust also slowly settles down; the dust that has not settled continues to flow into the purification chamber of the filtering dust purification box 5, and the fine dust is purified under the filtration of the composite filter assembly 6. The purified clean air flow is discharged through the purified gas outlet 3.

[0029] The combined dust removal system of the present invention, which combines micro-dynamic sedimentation with filtering dust removal and graded purification, is a special equipment developed for micro-dynamic graded purification of dust in mine crushing systems by utilizing the combined effects of multiple force fields such as gravity, inertia, collision, Brownian diffusion, cohesion, and retention.

[0030] The cross-sectional area S of the sedimentation chamber of the dust particle sedimentation box 4 沉降 According to the dust-laden gas flow V 尘 The air velocity of dust-laden air is usually 10m / s, S 沉降 =V 尘 / 10. In order to effectively achieve the sedimentation of large dust particles in the sedimentation chamber of the dust particle sedimentation box 4, the height, length and width ratios of the space dimensions in the sedimentation chamber of the dust particle sedimentation box 4 are set to 2:1:0.5. The wind speed of the air supply port 2 is also one of the factors affecting the micro-power graded purification effect. The greater the wind speed, the better the graded purification effect, but it also causes the horizontal displacement of dust particles to increase and the overall size of the dust removal equipment to increase. The direction of movement of the dust-laden airflow in the dust particle settling area 4 is that the dust-laden airflow inlet 1 moves downward in a parabolic motion. After many comparative experiments, when the wind speed of the air supply port 2 is set to the same 10m / s as the dust-laden airflow inlet wind speed, it can not only ensure a better graded purification effect, but also prevent the dust collector from being too large. The cross-sectional area S of the filtration dust purification box 5 净化 =S 沉降 The dust-laden airflow moves from the bottom to the top purified gas outlet 3.

[0031] In the treatment of air volume (Q = 10000m 3 Under the premise of filtration wind speed (V = 1.0m / min), the actual implementation effect of the combined dust removal system of the present invention with both micro-dynamic sedimentation and filtration dust removal and graded purification is analyzed and compared. Its various index parameters are as follows:

[0032] (1) Operating air volume: 8000~12000m 3 / h

[0033] (2) Dust removal efficiency: ≥99.5%

[0034] (3) Air leakage rate: <5%

[0035] (4) Dust collector resistance: 1500~1700Pa.

[0036] While conventional bag-type dust collectors have a resistance exceeding 2500 Pa, the combined dust collection system of the present invention, which combines micro-dynamic sedimentation with filtration and graded purification, uses half the number of composite filter components compared to conventional bag-type dust collectors. Consequently, this dust collector not only reduces initial investment and energy consumption, but also significantly reduces future maintenance costs, offering far superior economic performance compared to conventional bag-type dust collectors.

[0037] In order to further improve the dust removal efficiency of the combined dust removal system of the present invention with both micro-dynamic sedimentation and filtering dust removal and graded purification, so that it can not only meet the emission standards but also meet the ultra-clean emission requirements, the present invention adds a wire mesh filter plate on the composite filter assembly 6. The wire mesh filter plate is made of a fine-porous filter material woven from multiple strands of metal wire mesh, with a wire mesh diameter of 0.08mm~0.55mm and a bulk density of 136~168kg / m 3 Specific surface area 420~650m 2 / m 3 , porosity 0.67~0.86; the thickness of the wire mesh filter plate is 150~200mm, ensuring the filtration resistance at 200~250Pa, and can separate dust particles with a particle size greater than 3μm.

[0038] In the present invention, within the settling chamber of the dust particle settling box 4, large dust particles and some fine dust particles in the incoming dust-laden airflow are naturally settled under the combined action of multiple force fields, including gravity, inertia, collision, Brownian diffusion, and cohesion, under the influence of the micro-dynamic wind flow provided by the air supply port 2. This significantly reduces the energy consumption of the dust removal system. The fine dust that fails to naturally settle enters the filter chamber of the filter dust purification box 5 and is further purified through the retention and filtration of the composite filter assembly 6 and the wire mesh filter plate. Compared with traditional filter dust removal systems, the dust-laden airflow has a uniform particle size distribution and low dust concentration, significantly reducing the load of the filter dust removal system and improving the filtration efficiency of fine dust.

[0039] It should be noted that, in this article, terms such as upper, middle, and middle lower are for ease of description, and the "middle" is not necessarily the middle; relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprises", or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0040] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A combined dust removal system with both micro-dynamic sedimentation and filtration dust removal and graded purification, characterized by: It is composed of a dust particle settling box (4), a filtering dust removal and purification box (5), an ash discharge port (7), an ash hopper (8), an electric ash discharge valve (9), a support leg (10), and a PLC control system. A dust-containing air flow inlet (1) is provided at the upper part of the dust particle settling box (4), and an air supply port (2) is provided on the outer side of the lower part of the dust particle settling box (4). The filtering dust removal and purification box (5) is located beside the dust particle settling box (4), and the middle and lower parts of the filtering dust removal and purification box (5) and the dust particle settling box (4) are connected. A purified gas outlet (3) is provided at the top of the dust particle settling box (4), and a composite filter assembly (6) is provided at the upper part of the dust particle settling box (4). The ash discharge port (7) and the ash hopper (8) are located between the dust particle settling box (4), the filtering dust removal and purification box (5), and the dust particle settling box (4). At the lower part, the electric dust discharge valve (9) is located at the bottom of the ash hopper (8); the dust particle settling box (4), the filtering dust purification box (5), the ash discharge port (7), and the ash hopper (8) are supported on the support legs (10); dust concentration sensors are respectively set at the dust-laden air flow inlet (1) and the purified gas outlet (3); the air supply port (2) is connected to the air supply fan through a pipeline, and the dust-laden air flow inlet (1) is connected to the dust removal fan through a pipeline; the PLC control system is connected with the dust concentration sensor, the air supply fan, and the dust removal fan to form a purification and recovery device, forming a purification and recovery device control system; the dust concentration sensor detects the dust concentration change in the dust-laden air flow inlet (1) and the purified gas outlet (3) pipeline, and the PLC control system performs frequency conversion adjustment on the air supply fan and the dust removal fan to achieve ventilation and dust removal on demand; Assuming that the height of the settling chamber in the dust particle settling box (4) is H, the width is B, the air flow velocity at the air supply port (2) is V, the average diameter of the dust particles is d, the dust particle density is ρ1, the air density is ρ2, and the acceleration of gravity is g, the air flow velocity V at the air supply port (2) is calculated according to the following formula: H / B=πdρ1g / 128ρ2V 2 。 2. The combined dust removal system with both micro-dynamic sedimentation and filtration dust removal and graded purification according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The composite filter assembly (6) is composed of a plurality of membrane filter cartridges (11) arranged in an array.

3. The combined dust removal system with both micro-dynamic sedimentation and filtration dust removal and graded purification as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the membrane filter cartridge (11) is 300-350 mm, and the interval between adjacent membrane filter cartridges (11) is 80-100 mm.

4. The combined dust removal system with both micro-dynamic sedimentation and filtration dust removal and graded purification as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The ratio of the height, length and width of the space in the settling chamber of the dust particle settling box (4) is set to 2: (0.9-1.1): (0.48-0.52).

5. The combined dust removal system with both micro-dynamic sedimentation and filtration dust removal and graded purification according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: A wire mesh filter plate is added on the composite filter assembly (6), wherein the wire mesh filter plate is woven from multiple strands of metal wire mesh to form a fine-porous filter material, the wire mesh diameter is 0.08mm-0.55mm, and the bulk density is 136-168kg / m 3 Specific surface area 420~650m 2 / m 3 , porosity 0.67~0.86; the thickness of the wire mesh filter plate is 150~200mm, ensuring the filtration resistance at 200~250Pa, and can separate dust particles with a particle size greater than 3μm.

6. The combined dust removal system with both micro-dynamic sedimentation and filtration dust removal and graded purification as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The filtration wind speed in the filtration chamber of the filtration dust removal purification box (5) is controlled within the range of 0.8-1.0 m / s.

7. The combined dust removal system with both micro-dynamic sedimentation and filtration dust removal and graded purification according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ratio of the height, length and width of the space inside the dust particle settling box (4) is set to 2:1:0.5; the indoor cross-sectional area of ​​the filtering dust removal purification box (5) is equal to the indoor cross-sectional area of ​​the dust particle settling box (4).

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