A radial reactor

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of radial reactors, and specifically relates to a radial reactor, which comprises: an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder, an upper tube plate, a lower tube plate, an outer upper head, an inner upper head, a gas inlet pipe, a catalyst inlet pipe, a catalyst outlet pipe, a cooling water component and a central collecting pipe. The present invention sets a primary turbulence zone and a secondary turbulence zone. When the reaction gas just passes through the first through hole and enters the inlet of the secondary turbulence zone, the flow velocity reaches a maximum value. Only a small part of the gas will change the flow direction and enter the catalytic zone radially. Most of the gas will continue to flow downward. As the pressure rises, the axial flow is forced to change to radial flow, which is conducive to the reaction gas entering the catalytic zone more evenly in the axial direction and improving the distribution of the gas in the equipment. By designing the central collecting pipe and the inner cylinder as a mesh structure, the flow area of ​​the reaction gas entering the catalyst bed can be greatly increased, the perforation pressure drop can be effectively reduced, and the static pressure difference between the diversion and collecting flow channels can be reduced, so as to achieve the purpose of uniform distribution of the fluid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of radial reactors, and particularly relates to a radial reactor. Background Art

[0002] Reactors are core equipment in many important chemical reactions, providing optimal conditions such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, reaction time, and reaction location. They are widely used in the chemical, biological, pharmaceutical, and energy sectors. As equipment primarily used to produce desired products through chemical reactions, understanding the criteria for determining reactor performance and maximizing equipment productivity are key considerations in reactor design.

[0003] A radial reactor, in which the gas flow direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the device, is primarily used for gas-solid two-phase catalytic reactions. It offers advantages such as low heat buildup, minimal bed pressure drop, low resistance, and ease of large-scale expansion. However, due to the difficulty in controlling the distribution of the fluid along the axial height of the catalyst bed, resulting in a significant pressure drop within the reactor, it is difficult to improve the conversion rate of radial reactors.

[0004] Currently, the commonly used radial reactors on the market all have the problem of poor fluid uniformity. There are three main methods commonly used to improve fluid uniformity:

[0005] (1) Side hole opening adjustment: When the pressure drop of the catalyst bed is small, the adjustment method of uniform opening and adjusting the hole size can usually be adopted; when the pressure drop of the catalyst bed is large, the method of uneven opening is often adopted, so that the difference in static pressure difference at both ends of the catalyst bed in the axial direction is balanced by different perforation pressure drops to maintain uniform fluid conditions.

[0006] (2) Change the fluid flow pattern: There are four types of fluid flow patterns in radial reactors, namely centrifugal π type, centrifugal Z type, centripetal π type and centripetal Z type. Z type means that the flow direction of the fluid when entering the reactor is the same as that when leaving the reactor, while π type means that the flow direction of the fluid when entering the reactor is opposite to that when leaving the reactor.

[0007] (3) Adjusting the cross-sectional area of ​​the collecting and diverting channels: If the collecting and diverting areas are too large, the effective volume utilization of the reactor will be reduced. If they are too small, the flow rate will be too high, causing a large static pressure difference between the collecting and diverting channels, which is not conducive to fluid uniformity. However, the above three methods do not involve adjustments to the overall structure of the reactor and can only improve the distribution of the fluid along the axial height of the catalyst bed to a limited extent. Therefore, without involving the above three methods, adjustments are made to the radial reactor based on the overall structure of the reactor to improve the uniformity of the fluid in the reactor. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a radial reactor that can effectively improve the distribution of the fluid in the reactor, make the distribution of the fluid in the reactor more uniform along the axial height of the catalyst bed, effectively reduce the pressure drop, and improve the conversion rate.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0010] A radial reactor, comprising: an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder sleeved on the outside of the inner cylinder, an upper tube sheet being provided at the upper ends of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, a lower tube sheet being provided at the lower ends of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, an outer upper head and an inner upper head being provided at the upper end of the upper tube sheet, the outer upper head being sleeved on the outside of the inner upper head, a primary turbulence zone being formed between the inner wall of the outer upper head, the outer wall of the inner upper head and the upper end face of the upper tube sheet, a secondary turbulence zone being formed between the inner wall of the outer cylinder, the outer wall of the inner cylinder, the lower end face of the upper tube sheet and the upper end face of the lower tube sheet, an over-gas zone being formed in the inner upper head, and a catalytic zone being formed in the inner cylinder;

[0011] The primary turbulence zone and the secondary turbulence zone are connected via a plurality of first through holes provided on the upper tube plate, the gas passage zone and the primary turbulence zone are connected via a second through hole provided on the upper end of the inner upper head, and the inner cylinder is provided with a mesh for connecting the catalytic zone and the secondary turbulence zone;

[0012] A gas inlet pipe is inserted from the outside of the upper end of the outer upper head into the inner upper head and is connected to the gas passage zone. Gas enters from the gas inlet pipe and passes through the gas passage zone, the primary turbulence zone, the secondary turbulence zone in sequence before entering the catalytic zone.

[0013] It also includes: a central collecting pipe arranged in the catalytic zone, a cooling water component arranged around the outside of the central collecting pipe, a gas outlet pipe for exhausting gas, a catalyst inlet pipe for transporting catalyst into the catalytic zone, and multiple catalyst outlet pipes for discharging catalyst.

[0014] The specific technical effect is: by utilizing the characteristics of fluid mechanics, a primary turbulence zone and a secondary turbulence zone are set, thereby improving the distribution of gas in the equipment, so that the reaction gas can be more evenly distributed in the catalyst bed. The reaction gas enters the gas zone through the gas inlet pipe, and then enters the primary turbulence zone and the secondary turbulence zone in turn. The space in the primary turbulence zone is thinner. Due to the influence of the boundary layer, the gas is disturbed in the primary turbulence zone, allowing the reaction gas to enter the secondary turbulence zone more evenly; the reaction gas reaches its maximum flow velocity when it just passes through the first through hole and enters the entrance of the secondary turbulence zone. Due to inertia, only a small part of the reaction gas will change flow direction when it just enters the secondary turbulence zone, and radially passes through the secondary turbulence zone. The catalytic zone avoids the phenomenon that a large amount of gas directly enters the central gas collecting pipe from the catalyst bed near the entrance of the secondary turbulence zone, which is conducive to the reaction gas entering the catalytic zone more evenly in the axial direction; then most of the gas will continue to downward, and as the reaction gas continues to downward, the pressure will continue to rise, and the axial flow is forced to change to radial flow, and the greater the pressure, the more reaction gas changes its flow direction, so the distribution of the reaction gas in the axial direction of the catalyst bed is more even; by designing a mesh structure on both the central collecting pipe and the inner shell, the flow area of ​​the reaction gas entering the catalyst bed can be greatly increased, the perforation pressure drop can be effectively reduced, and the static pressure difference between the diversion and collecting flow channels can be reduced, so as to achieve the purpose of uniform distribution of the fluid.

[0015] Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas passage zone in the flow direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the primary turbulence zone in the flow direction, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the secondary turbulence zone in the flow direction decrease in sequence.

[0016] The specific technical effect is that the cross-sectional areas of the three regions in the flow direction decrease successively, so the flow velocity of the gas passing through these three regions will gradually increase, resulting in the gas finally entering the secondary turbulence zone and then entering the catalyst bed more evenly.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes: a lower head, a cooling water inlet pipe and a cooling water outlet pipe, the lower head is installed at the lower end of the lower tube plate, the cooling water inlet pipe is inserted from the outside of the lower end of the lower head and communicates with the lower end of the cooling water assembly, the cooling water outlet pipe is inserted from the outside of the upper end of the outer upper head, passes through the inner upper head, and is communicated with the upper end of the cooling water assembly, the catalyst inlet pipe is inserted from the outside of the upper end of the outer upper head, passes through the inner upper head, reaches the upper tube plate, and is communicated with the catalytic zone, the gas outlet pipe is inserted from the outside of the lower end of the lower head and is communicated with the lower end of the central collecting pipe, and the catalyst outlet pipe is inserted from the outside of the lower end of the lower head to the lower tube plate and is communicated with the catalytic zone.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer upper head and the inner upper head are respectively provided with a first tube hole for installing the gas inlet pipe, a second tube hole for installing the catalyst inlet pipe, and a third tube hole for installing the cooling water outlet pipe. The upper tube plate is provided with a fourth tube hole for installing the lower end of the catalyst inlet pipe, and the lower tube plate is provided with at least one fifth tube hole for installing the catalyst outlet pipe. Each catalyst outlet pipe is inserted from the outside of the lower end of the lower head and is connected to the catalytic zone through one of the fifth tube holes.

[0019] Furthermore, a hemispherical tube sheet is provided on the lower tube sheet, and the hemispherical tube sheet protrudes toward the direction of the catalytic zone. The lower end of the central collecting pipe is connected to the hemispherical tube sheet, and the interior of the hemispherical tube sheet is connected to the interior of the lower head.

[0020] Furthermore, a sixth tube hole for installing the hemispherical tube plate is provided on the lower tube plate.

[0021] Furthermore, the outer upper head, the outer cylinder, the lower head, the inner upper head, the inner cylinder, the upper tube plate and the central header are coaxially arranged.

[0022] Furthermore, the cooling water assembly includes a first cooling water collector, several heat exchange tubes and a second cooling water collector. The first cooling water collector is installed in the middle of the upper tube plate. The upper end of the first cooling water collector is connected to the cooling water outlet pipe. The lower end of the first cooling water collector is connected to the upper ends of several heat exchange tubes. Several heat exchange tubes are arranged in a ring array outside the central collecting pipe. The lower ends of several heat exchange tubes are connected to the upper end of the second cooling water collector. The lower end of the second cooling water collector is connected to the cooling water inlet pipe. The second cooling water collector is installed in the middle of the lower tube plate.

[0023] The specific technical effect is: the structural design of the first cooling water collector, several heat exchange tubes and the second cooling water collector is adopted to isolate the cooling water from the reaction gas and the catalyst, and several ring arrays of heat exchange tubes are arranged outside the central collecting pipe to play a heat exchange and cooling role.

[0024] Furthermore, the inner cylinder is composed of a first Johnson mesh structure and a first wire mesh structure, the first Johnson mesh structure is sleeved outside the first wire mesh structure, and the first Johnson mesh structure is welded to the first wire mesh structure.

[0025] The specific technical effect is: the inner cylinder adopts a composite structure design of the first Johnson mesh structure and the first wire mesh structure, which can greatly increase the flow area of ​​the reaction gas entering the catalyst bed, effectively reduce the perforation pressure drop, and reduce the static pressure difference between the diversion and collection flow channels, thereby achieving the purpose of uniform fluid distribution.

[0026] Furthermore, the central collecting pipe is composed of a second Johnson mesh structure and a second wire mesh structure, the second wire mesh structure is sleeved outside the second Johnson mesh structure, and the second Johnson mesh structure is connected to the second wire mesh structure by welding.

[0027] The specific technical effect is: the central collecting pipe adopts a composite structure design of the first Johnson mesh structure and the first wire mesh structure, which can greatly increase the flow area of ​​the reaction gas entering the catalyst bed, effectively reduce the perforation pressure drop, and reduce the static pressure difference between the diversion and collecting flow channels, thereby achieving the purpose of uniform fluid distribution.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] (1) By utilizing the characteristics of fluid mechanics, a primary turbulence zone and a secondary turbulence zone are set. The flow rate of the reaction gas reaches the maximum value when it just passes through the first through hole and enters the inlet of the secondary turbulence zone. Due to inertia, only a small part of the reaction gas will change its flow direction when it just enters the secondary turbulence zone and pass through the catalytic zone radially, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that a large amount of gas directly enters the central gas collecting pipe from the catalyst bed near the inlet of the secondary turbulence zone. Most of the gas will continue to flow downward. As the pressure rises, the axial flow is forced to change to radial flow. The distribution of the reaction gas in the axial direction of the catalyst bed is more uniform, which is conducive to the reaction gas entering the catalytic zone more uniformly in the axial direction, thereby improving the distribution of the gas in the equipment;

[0030] (2) By designing a mesh structure on both the central collecting pipe and the inner shell, the flow area of ​​the reaction gas entering the catalyst bed can be greatly increased, the perforation pressure drop can be effectively reduced, and the static pressure difference between the diversion and collecting flow channels can be reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of uniform fluid distribution.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0033] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The main view;

[0036] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cooling water assembly of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Top view of .

[0039] In the picture:

[0040] 1-1. Outer upper head; 1-2. Outer cylinder; 1-3. Lower head; 2-1. Inner upper head; 2-2. Inner cylinder; 3. Upper tube sheet; 4. Gas inlet pipe; 5. Catalyst inlet pipe; 6. Catalyst outlet pipe; 7. Cooling water inlet pipe; 8. Cooling water outlet pipe; 9. Cooling water assembly; 9-1. First cooling water collector; 9-2. Heat exchange tube; 9-3. Second cooling water collector; 10. Central collecting pipe; 11. Primary turbulence zone; 12. Secondary turbulence zone; 13. Gas passage zone; 14. Catalytic zone; 15. First through hole; 16. Second through hole; 17. First tube hole; 18. Second tube hole; 19. Third tube hole; 20. Fourth tube hole; 21. Fifth tube hole; 22. Sixth tube hole; 23. Lower tube sheet; 24. Hemispherical tube sheet; 25. Gas outlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, a radial reactor, an outer cylinder 1-2, an inner cylinder 2-2, an outer upper head 1-1, an inner upper head 2-1, a lower head 1-3, an upper tube plate 3, a lower tube plate 23, and a central gas collecting pipe are all coaxially arranged; the inner cylinder 2-2 is arranged in the outer cylinder 1-2; the central gas collecting pipe is arranged in the inner cylinder 2-2; the inner cylinder 2-2 is welded by a layer of first Johnson mesh structure and a layer of first wire mesh structure, the first Johnson mesh structure is on the outside, and the first wire mesh structure is on the inside; the central gas collecting pipe is welded by a layer of second Johnson mesh structure and a layer of second wire mesh structure, the second Johnson mesh structure is on the inside, and the second wire mesh structure is on the outside.

[0043] The outer upper head 1-1 is arranged above the upper tube plate 3. The outer upper head 1-1 has an arcuate portion and a straight portion. The straight portion of the outer upper head 1-1 is connected to the outer cylinder 1-2. The arcuate portion of the outer upper head 1-1 is provided with a first tube hole 17 for installing the gas inlet pipe 4, a second tube hole 18 for installing the catalyst inlet pipe 5, and a third tube hole 19 for installing the cooling water outlet pipe 8; the inner upper head 2-1 is arranged above the upper tube plate 3. The inner upper head 2-1 also has an arcuate portion and a straight portion. The straight portion of the inner upper head 2-1 is connected to the inner cylinder 2-2. The arcuate portion of the inner upper head 2-1 is provided with a first tube hole 17 for installing the gas inlet pipe 4, a second tube hole 18 for installing the catalyst inlet pipe 5, and a third tube hole 19 for installing the cooling water outlet pipe 8. 9 and a second through hole 16 for connecting the gas passage area 13 and the primary turbulent flow area 11; the gas inlet pipe 4 starts from a distance outside the outer upper head 1-1 and ends at the upper surface of the inner upper head 2-1; the catalyst inlet pipe 5 starts from a distance outside the outer upper head 1-1 and ends at the upper surface of the upper tube plate 3; the cooling water outlet pipe 8 starts from the upper end of the first cooling water collector 9-1 and ends at a distance outside the outer upper head 1-1; the upper tube plate 3 is provided with a fourth tube hole 20 for installing the lower end of the catalyst inlet pipe 5, a hole for installing the first cooling water collector 9-1, and a first through hole 15 for connecting the primary turbulent flow area 11 and the secondary turbulent flow area 12; the lower tube plate 23 is provided with a fifth tube hole 21 for installing the catalyst outlet pipe 6 and a sixth tube hole 22 for installing the hemispherical tube plate 24.

[0044] A control valve is provided at the catalyst outlet pipe 6 for controlling the opening or closing of the catalyst outlet pipe 6 , thereby replacing the catalyst, and the deactivated catalyst flows out from the catalyst outlet pipe 6 .

[0045] A primary turbulence zone 11 is formed between the outer upper head 1-1, the inner upper head 2-1 and the upper tube sheet 3; a secondary turbulence zone 12 is formed between the outer cylinder 1-2 and the inner cylinder 2-2 and between the upper tube sheet 3 and the lower tube sheet 23; a gas passage zone 13 is formed between the upper tube sheet 3 and the inner upper head 2-1; and a catalytic zone 14 is formed between the inner cylinder 2-2 and the central gas collecting pipe and the upper tube sheet 3, the lower tube sheet 23 and the hemispherical tube sheet 24.

[0046] Several heat exchange tubes 9-2 are arranged in the catalytic zone 14, and the plane where the axis of any heat exchange tube 9-2 is located is the same plane as the plane where the axis of the inner cylinder 2-2 is located; several heat exchange tubes 9-2 are arranged in a circumferential array; the lower ends of several heat exchange tubes 9-2 are connected to the second cooling water collector 9-3, and the upper ends are connected to the first cooling water collector 9-1.

[0047] The specific catalytic reaction process of the present invention is as follows:

[0048] The cooling water of the present invention passes through the cooling water inlet pipe 7, the second cooling water collector 9-3, several heat exchange tubes 9-2, the first cooling water collector 9-1 and the cooling water outlet pipe 8 from bottom to top; the new catalyst passes through the catalyst inlet pipe 5, the second tube hole 18 and the catalytic zone 14 from top to bottom to participate in the catalytic reaction, and the deactivated catalyst flows out from the catalyst outlet pipe 6; the reaction gas passes through the gas inlet pipe 4, the gas transition zone 13, the primary turbulence zone 11, the secondary turbulence zone 12, the catalytic zone 14, the central collecting pipe 10 and the gas outlet pipe 25 from top to bottom.

[0049] The reaction gas enters the device through the gas inlet pipe 4 above, enters the gas passage zone 13 of the inner upper head 2-1, passes through the second through hole 16 into the primary turbulence zone 11, and then passes through the first through hole 15 of the upper tube plate 3 into the secondary turbulence zone 12. The reaction gas then enters the catalytic zone 14 through the first Johnson mesh structure gap and the first wire mesh structure gap of the inner cylinder 2-2 for catalytic reaction. After radially flowing through the catalytic zone 14, the reaction gas converges into the central header 10 through the second wire mesh structure gap and the second Johnson mesh structure gap of the central header 10, then flows into the lower head 1-3, and is finally discharged through the gas outlet pipe 25 connected to the lower head 1-3 to enter the subsequent purification process.

[0050] The reaction gas enters the gas flow zone 13 through the gas inlet pipe 4, and then enters the primary turbulence zone 11 and the secondary turbulence zone 12 in sequence. The space in the primary turbulence zone 11 is relatively thin. Due to the influence of the boundary layer, the gas is disturbed in the primary turbulence zone 11, allowing the reaction gas to enter the secondary turbulence zone 12 more evenly. The flow velocity of the reaction gas reaches a maximum value when it just passes through the first through hole 15 and enters the inlet of the secondary turbulence zone 12. Due to inertia, only a small part of the reaction gas changes its flow direction when it just enters the secondary turbulence zone 12 and passes through the catalytic zone 14 radially, avoiding the phenomenon that a large amount of gas directly enters the central gas collecting pipe from the catalyst bed near the inlet of the secondary turbulence zone 12, which is conducive to the reaction gas entering the catalytic zone 14 more evenly in the axial direction.

[0051] Then most of the gas will continue to move downward, and as the reaction gas continues to move downward, the pressure will continue to rise, and the axial flow will be forced to change to radial flow. The greater the pressure, the more reaction gas will change its flow direction, so the distribution of the reaction gas in the axial direction of the catalyst bed will be more uniform.

[0052] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0053] (1) By utilizing the characteristics of fluid mechanics, a primary turbulence zone 11 and a secondary turbulence zone 12 are set. The flow rate of the reaction gas reaches a maximum value when it just passes through the first through hole 15 and enters the inlet of the secondary turbulence zone 12. Due to inertia, only a small part of the reaction gas will change its flow direction when it just enters the secondary turbulence zone 12 and pass through the catalytic zone 14 radially, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that a large amount of gas directly enters the central gas collecting pipe from the catalyst bed near the inlet of the secondary turbulence zone 12. Most of the gas will continue to flow downward. As the pressure rises, the axial flow is forced to change to radial flow, and the distribution of the reaction gas in the axial direction of the catalyst bed is more uniform, which is conducive to the reaction gas entering the catalytic zone 14 more uniformly in the axial direction, thereby improving the distribution of the gas in the equipment;

[0054] (2) By designing the central collecting pipe 10 and the inner cylinder 2-2 as a mesh structure, the flow area of ​​the reaction gas entering the catalyst bed can be greatly increased, the perforation pressure drop can be effectively reduced, and the static pressure difference between the diversion and collection flow channels can be reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of uniform distribution of the fluid.

[0055] The various devices selected in this application are all universal standard parts or components known to those skilled in the art, and their structures and principles can be known to those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods.

[0056] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0058] With the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention as a guide, and with reference to the above description, relevant personnel are fully capable of making various changes and modifications without departing from the technical scope of this invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A radial reactor, characterized in that: include: An inner cylinder (2-2) and an outer cylinder (1-2) sleeved on the outside of the inner cylinder (2-2), an upper tube plate (3) is provided at the upper ends of the outer cylinder (1-2) and the inner cylinder (2-2), a lower tube plate (23) is provided at the lower ends of the outer cylinder (1-2) and the inner cylinder (2-2), an outer upper head (1-1) and an inner upper head (2-1) are provided at the upper end of the upper tube plate (3), the outer upper head (1-1) is sleeved on the outside of the inner upper head (2-1), A primary turbulence zone (11) is formed between the inner wall of the outer upper head (1-1), the outer wall of the inner upper head (2-1), and the upper end surface of the upper tube plate (3); a secondary turbulence zone (12) is formed between the inner wall of the outer cylinder (1-2), the outer wall of the inner cylinder (2-2), the lower end surface of the upper tube plate (3), and the upper end surface of the lower tube plate (23); an air-passing zone (13) is formed in the inner upper head (2-1), and a catalytic zone (14) is formed in the inner cylinder (2-2); The primary turbulence zone (11) and the secondary turbulence zone (12) are connected via a plurality of first through holes (15) provided on the upper tube plate (3); the gas passage zone (13) and the primary turbulence zone (11) are connected via a second through hole (16) provided on the upper end of the inner upper head (2-1); and the inner cylinder (2-2) is provided with a mesh for connecting the catalytic zone (14) and the secondary turbulence zone (12); A gas inlet pipe (4) is inserted from the outside of the upper end of the outer upper head (1-1) into the inner upper head (2-1) and communicates with the gas passage zone (13); gas enters from the gas inlet pipe (4), passes through the gas passage zone (13), the primary turbulence zone (11), the secondary turbulence zone (12) in sequence, and then enters the catalytic zone (14); The invention also includes: a central manifold (10) arranged in the catalytic zone (14), a cooling water assembly (9) arranged around the outside of the central manifold (10), a gas outlet pipe (25) for discharging gas, a catalyst inlet pipe (5) for transporting catalyst into the catalytic zone (14), and a plurality of catalyst outlet pipes (6) for discharging catalyst.

2. A radial reactor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The cross-sectional area of ​​the gas passage zone (13) in the flow direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the primary turbulence zone (11) in the flow direction, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the secondary turbulence zone (12) in the flow direction decrease in sequence.

3. A radial reactor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: The lower head (1-3), the cooling water inlet pipe (7) and the cooling water outlet pipe (8), the lower head (1-3) is installed on the lower end of the lower tube plate (23), the cooling water inlet pipe (7) is inserted from the outside of the lower end of the lower head (1-3) and communicates with the lower end of the cooling water component (9), the cooling water outlet pipe (8) is inserted from the outside of the upper end of the outer upper head (1-1) and passes through the inner upper head (2-1) and communicates with the upper end of the cooling water component (9), the catalyst The chemical inlet pipe (5) is inserted from the outside of the upper end of the outer upper head (1-1), passes through the inner upper head (2-1), reaches the upper tube plate (3), and is communicated with the catalytic zone (14); the gas outlet pipe (25) is inserted from the outside of the lower end of the lower head (1-3), and is communicated with the lower end of the central collecting pipe (10); the catalyst outlet pipe (6) is inserted from the outside of the lower end of the lower head (1-3), reaches the lower tube plate (23), and is communicated with the catalytic zone (14).

4. A radial reactor as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that The outer upper head (1-1) and the inner upper head (2-1) are respectively provided with a first tube hole (17) for installing the gas inlet pipe (4), a second tube hole (18) for installing the catalyst inlet pipe (5), and a third tube hole (19) for installing the cooling water outlet pipe (8); the upper tube plate (3) is provided with a fourth tube hole (20) for installing the lower end of the catalyst inlet pipe (5); the lower tube plate (23) is provided with at least one fifth tube hole (21) for installing the catalyst outlet pipe (6); each catalyst outlet pipe (6) is inserted from the outside of the lower end of the lower head (1-3) and communicates with the catalytic zone (14) through one of the fifth tube holes (21).

5. A radial reactor as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that A hemispherical tube sheet (24) is provided on the lower tube sheet (23), and the hemispherical tube sheet (24) protrudes toward the inside of the catalytic zone (14). The lower end of the central collecting pipe (10) is connected to the hemispherical tube sheet (24), and the interior of the hemispherical tube sheet (24) is connected to the interior of the lower head (1-3).

6. A radial reactor as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that The lower tube plate (23) is provided with a sixth tube hole (22) for mounting the hemispherical tube plate (24).

7. A radial reactor as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that The outer upper head (1-1), the outer cylinder (1-2), the lower head (1-3), the inner upper head (2-1), the inner cylinder (2-2), the upper tube plate (3) and the central header (10) are coaxially arranged.

8. A radial reactor as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that The cooling water assembly (9) includes a first cooling water collector (9-1), a plurality of heat exchange tubes (9-2) and a second cooling water collector (9-3). The first cooling water collector (9-1) is installed in the middle of the upper tube plate (3). The upper end of the first cooling water collector (9-1) is connected to the cooling water outlet pipe (8). The lower end of the first cooling water collector (9-1) is connected to the upper ends of the plurality of heat exchange tubes (9-2). The plurality of heat exchange tubes (9-2) are arranged in a ring array outside the central collecting pipe (10). The lower ends of the plurality of heat exchange tubes (9-2) are connected to the upper end of the second cooling water collector (9-3). The lower end of the second cooling water collector (9-3) is connected to the cooling water inlet pipe (7). The second cooling water collector (9-3) is installed in the middle of the lower tube plate (23).

9. A radial reactor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The inner cylinder (2-2) is composed of a first Johnson mesh structure and a first wire mesh structure, the first Johnson mesh structure is sleeved outside the first wire mesh structure, and the first Johnson mesh structure is welded to the first wire mesh structure.

10. A radial reactor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The central collecting pipe (10) is composed of a second Johnson mesh structure and a second wire mesh structure, the second wire mesh structure is sleeved outside the second Johnson mesh structure, and the second Johnson mesh structure is connected to the second wire mesh structure by welding.

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