A positioning and clamping device and method for improving the precision of laser tailor welding

Abstract

The present application discloses a positioning and clamping device and method for improving the precision of laser tailor welding, which relates to the field of welding technology. It includes a base, on the upper surface of which a sliding seat is slidably connected. A clamping assembly is arranged in the inner cavity of the sliding seat, and manual turning blocks are fixedly installed on the lower surfaces at both ends of the sliding seat. In the present invention, the clamping assembly can uniformly clamp uneven workpieces, and at the same time has a certain flexible clamping effect to prevent damage to the workpieces due to too large clamping force. At the same time, the flexible force can be adjusted to avoid reducing the clamping stability due to insufficient clamping force. The positioning assembly can move the workpiece during clamping, and the moving distance can be accurately positioned and adjusted, which is convenient for adjusting the workpiece to make the weld seam in a predetermined position, improving the strength and sealing performance of the weld seam. The anti-collision assembly can reduce the impact of collision on the equipment, keep the whole equipment fixed, and can generate an alarm when subjected to a large force collision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of welding technology, and in particular to a positioning and clamping device and method for improving the accuracy of laser welding. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, due to the rapid development of new energy vehicles and the increasingly stringent global requirements for low carbon, higher requirements have been put forward for the weight and safety performance of vehicles. Therefore, the thermoforming technology that can reduce the weight of the vehicle body and improve the safety performance of the vehicle body has been rapidly developed. While the thermoforming technology is developing, the use of tailored welding technology is increasing. The application of tailored welded plate forming technology has greatly improved the comprehensive forming performance of parts. Through the investigation of the implementation plan of the existing tailored welding production process, the tooling fixture used to position the welding parts during the welding process has extremely high requirements for the precision of the blank. Ordinary fixtures are difficult to accurately position during welding, resulting in low product yield and yield.

[0003] The existing technology still has the following problems:

[0004] 1. The existing clamping device is difficult to clamp uneven workpieces, and the rigidity of the clamp is too strong, which may easily damage the workpiece. If the rigidity of the clamp is too weak, the clamping force may be insufficient, which may make the workpiece unstable and cause gaps during the welding process, affecting the subsequent use of the product.

[0005] 2. Existing clamping devices are difficult to move accurately during the clamping process. If the workpiece cannot be moved accurately during welding, the welding position is likely to shift, causing the weld to be not in the predetermined position, which not only affects the appearance of the workpiece, but may also weaken the strength and sealing of the weld and affect product quality.

[0006] 3. The existing clamping device does not have an anti-collision mechanism. After the welding fixture is hit, the clamping device as a whole is displaced due to the action of external force, resulting in the inability to accurately position the workpiece during the welding process, which in turn affects the welding quality. It is difficult to detect when it is hit by other equipment, so it is mistakenly believed that it has been accurately docked, causing errors that are difficult to make up for, reducing the quality of the welded product. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present application provides a positioning clamping device and method with improved laser welding accuracy, thereby solving the problems in the prior art that the clamping device is difficult to clamp uneven workpieces, the clamping device is difficult to move accurately during the clamping process, the clamping device has no anti-collision mechanism, and after the welding fixture is hit, the clamping device as a whole is displaced due to the action of external force, thereby achieving uniform clamping of uneven workpieces, being able to move the workpiece while clamping it, reducing the impact of the collision on the equipment, and keeping the equipment as a whole fixed.

[0008] The present application provides a positioning and clamping device for improving the precision of laser tailor welding, which includes a base. A sliding seat is slidably connected to the upper surface of the base. A clamping assembly is arranged in the inner cavity of the sliding seat. Hand-operated blocks are fixedly installed on the lower surfaces at both ends of the sliding seat. A positioning assembly is arranged on the upper surface of the base. Anti-collision assemblies are arranged on both sides of the base, and the anti-collision assemblies protrude from the outer surface of the base. The clamping assembly includes a gear, which is rotatably connected to the sliding seat and is located at the middle position of the lower surface of the sliding seat. Tooth bars are arranged on both sides of the gear. A limiting block is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the sliding seat. The tooth bars are meshed with the gear and are slidably connected to the limiting block and the sliding seat. A cylinder is arranged on the lower surface of the sliding seat. A piston rod is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the cylinder. One end of the piston rod away from the cylinder is fixedly connected with a connection head. There are two tooth bars, and the connection head is fixedly connected with one of the tooth bars. A clamping and positioning mechanism is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the sliding seat. The tooth bars are fixedly connected with the clamping and positioning mechanism. There are two clamping and positioning mechanisms, and the clamping and positioning mechanisms are symmetrically distributed about the middle part of the sliding seat.

[0009] Further, the clamping and positioning mechanism includes a support plate, which is slidably connected to the sliding seat. A lifting mechanism is arranged at the middle position of the bottom of the support plate. A buffer mechanism is arranged on the upper surface of the support plate. A uniformly clamping mechanism is slidably connected to the upper surface of the support plate. A shielding block is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support plate.

[0010] Further, the lifting mechanism includes a receiving block, which is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the sliding seat. The outer surface of the receiving block is fixedly connected with the tooth bar. A first lead screw is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the receiving block. First sliders are sleeved at both ends of the first lead screw. The first sliders are threadedly connected with the first lead screw, and the thread directions at both ends of the first lead screw are opposite. The first sliders are slidably connected to the receiving block. First connecting bars are rotatably connected to both ends of the first sliders. One end of the first connecting bar away from the first slider is rotatably connected with a connection seat. A lifting block is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the connection seat. The lifting block is slidably sleeved with the receiving block and is fixedly connected with the support plate.

[0011] Further, the buffer mechanism includes a fixed seat, the fixed seat is fixedly connected to the support plate, a second slider is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the fixed seat, a pressure block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed seat, the pressure block is slidably connected to the support plate, a second lead screw is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the support plate, the second lead screw is threadedly connected to the pressure block, a first buffer rod is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the pressure block, a first spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the first buffer rod, the uniform clamping mechanism includes a connecting plate, the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the first buffer rod, the second slider is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, the first spring is located between the connecting plate and the pressure block, rotating seats are fixedly installed at both ends of the connecting plate, a first connecting arm is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the rotating seat, a limiting seat is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the connecting plate, a moving seat is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the limiting seat, a second connecting arm is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the moving seat, one end of the second connecting arm is rotatably connected to a support seat, and the outer support seat is rotatably connected to the first connecting arm, a floating ball is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the support seat, a clamping block is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the floating ball, there is a gap between the clamping block and the support seat, and the connecting plate is located between the shielding block and the fixed seat.

[0012] Further, the positioning component includes a fixed block, a first elastic rod is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the fixed block, an elastic block is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the first elastic rod, the elastic block is slidably connected to the fixed block, a second spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the first elastic rod, there is a gap between the end of the first elastic rod and the inner wall of the fixed block, the second spring is located between the elastic block and the inner wall of the fixed block, one end of the first elastic rod away from the second spring is rotatably connected to a positioning ring, the fixed block is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base, and a precise positioning mechanism is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the sliding seat close to the fixed block.

[0013] Further, the precise positioning mechanism includes a positioning bar, a scale is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the positioning bar, scale lines are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the scale, and the scale in the middle part of the scale is zero, and the scales on both sides increase evenly in sequence, a third lead screw is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the positioning bar, a positioning block is sleeved on the outer surface of the third lead screw, there are three positioning blocks, and the positioning block in the middle part is fixedly connected to the positioning bar, the positioning blocks at both ends are threadedly connected to the third lead screw, the thread directions at both ends of the third lead screw are opposite, a pointer is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the positioning block, the pointer points to the scale, the positioning bar is fixedly connected to the sliding seat, the outer surface of the positioning block is recessed towards the fixed block side, and the positioning block is engaged with the positioning ring.

[0014] Further, the anti-collision component includes an anti-collision body, a guide cylinder is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the anti-collision body, second buffer rods are fixedly installed on the outer surfaces of both ends of the anti-collision body, a collar is slidably connected to the outer surface of the second buffer rod, a fourth spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the second buffer rod, the fourth spring is located between the anti-collision body and the collar, the anti-collision body is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the base, the collar is located in the inner cavity of the base, and the collar is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner cavity of the base, and alarm mechanisms are fixedly installed at both ends of the side of the anti-collision body close to the inner cavity of the base.

[0015] Further, the alarm mechanism includes a connecting frame, which is fixedly connected to the anti-collision body. A connecting rod is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the connecting frame. A buffer sleeve is sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting rod. A fifth spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting rod. A second connecting bar is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the buffer sleeve. One end of the second connecting bar away from the buffer sleeve is rotatably connected to a pressure plate. An alarm is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the pressure plate. A button is arranged on the outer surface of the pressure plate. An extrusion rod is arranged directly below the button. A second elastic rod is fixedly installed at the lower end of the extrusion rod. A sixth spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the second elastic rod.

[0016] Further, the fifth spring is located between the buffer sleeves. The button is electrically connected to the alarm. Pressing the button controls the alarm to give an alarm. The pressure plate contacts the inner wall of the base. The second elastic rod is slidably connected to the connecting frame. The sixth spring is located between the extrusion rod and the connecting frame.

[0017] A positioning and clamping method for improving the precision of laser welding is performed by the above device and includes the following steps:

[0018] S1. Place the automotive parts to be welded on the sliding seat, and clamp and fix the welded parts through the clamping assembly to prevent the position from shifting during welding.

[0019] S2. Pull the sliding seat to move on the base through the hand-operated block. When precise movement of the welded parts is required, perform precise positioning through the positioning assembly to facilitate the accurate positioning of the welding machine.

[0020] S3. The anti-collision assembly is used to prevent other devices from colliding with the base, so that the base does not shift when a collision occurs, and can promptly detect and correct the position shift when it occurs, ensuring the stability of the base, thereby maintaining the stability during clamping by the clamping assembly.

[0021] The technical solution provided by this application has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0022] 1. Due to the adoption of the clamping assembly, it effectively solves the problem that the existing clamping devices are difficult to clamp uneven workpieces, and the rigidity of the fixture is too strong, which is likely to damage the workpiece, while the rigidity of the fixture is too weak, which is likely to result in insufficient clamping force, making the workpiece unstable, resulting in gaps during the welding process and affecting the subsequent use of the product. The clamping assembly of the present invention can evenly clamp uneven workpieces, and at the same time has a certain flexible clamping effect, preventing damage to the workpiece due to too large clamping force, and can adjust the flexible force to avoid insufficient clamping force and reduce the clamping stability, and can adjust the clamping height according to the clamping requirements for subsequent welding.

[0023] 2. Due to the adoption of the positioning component, it effectively solves the problem that it is difficult for the existing clamping device to move precisely during the clamping process. If the workpiece cannot move precisely during the welding process, the welding position is likely to shift, resulting in the weld not being at the predetermined position. This not only affects the appearance of the workpiece but also may weaken the strength and tightness of the weld, and the product quality will be affected. Through the positioning component, the present invention can move the workpiece during clamping, and the moving distance can be accurately positioned and adjusted, facilitating the adjustment of the workpiece to make the weld at the predetermined position, thereby improving the strength and tightness of the weld.

[0024] 3. Due to the adoption of the anti-collision component, it effectively solves the problem that the existing clamping device has no anti-collision mechanism. After the welding fixture is collided, due to the action of external force, the overall clamping device displaces, resulting in the workpiece being unable to be accurately positioned during the welding process, thereby affecting the welding quality. Moreover, it is difficult to detect when it is collided by other equipment, so it is mistakenly considered that the precise docking has been achieved, causing irreparable errors and reducing the quality of the welded product. Through the anti-collision component, the present invention can reduce the impact of collision on the equipment, keep the overall equipment fixed, and can generate an alarm when subjected to a large force collision, enabling the staff to check whether the equipment has moved, maintaining the accurate positioning during the welding process, and improving the welding quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the hand-operated block structure in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the sliding seat structure in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the support plate structure in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the storage block structure in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate structure in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 It is for Embodiment 1 of the present application Figure 6 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the limit seat structure in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0033] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning component structure in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0034] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the precise positioning mechanism structure in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the anti-collision component structure in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the collar structure in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the alarm mechanism structure in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the extrusion rod structure in the second embodiment of the present application.

[0039] In the figure: 1, base; 2, sliding seat; 3, clamping assembly; 31, gear; 32, rack; 33, limit block; 34, cylinder; 35, piston rod; 36, connecting head; 37, clamping and positioning mechanism; 371, support plate; 372, lifting mechanism; 3721, storage block; 3722, first lead screw; 3723, first slider; 3724, first connecting bar; 3725, connecting seat; 3726, lifting block; 373, buffer mechanism; 3731, fixed seat; 3732, second slider; 3733, pressure block; 3734, second lead screw; 3735, first buffer rod; 3736, first spring; 374, uniform clamping mechanism; 3741, connecting plate; 3742, rotating seat; 3743, first connecting arm; 3744, limit seat; 3745, moving seat; 3746, second connecting arm; 3747, support seat; 3748, floating ball; 3749, clamping block; 375, shielding block; 4, hand-operated block; 5, positioning assembly; 51, fixed block; 52, first elastic rod; 53, elastic block; 54, second spring; 55, positioning ring; 56, precise positioning mechanism; 561, positioning bar; 562, scale; 563, third lead screw; 564, positioning block; 565, pointer; 6, anti-collision component; 61, anti-collision body; 62, guide cylinder; 63, second buffer rod; 64, collar; 65, fourth spring; 66, alarm mechanism; 661, connecting frame; 662, connecting rod; 663, buffer sleeve; 664, fifth spring; 665, second connecting bar; 666, pressure plate; 667, alarm; 668, button; 669, extrusion rod; 6610, second elastic rod; 6611, sixth spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] For the difficulty in clamping uneven workpieces, the present invention can evenly clamp uneven workpieces through the clamping assembly; for the inability to accurately move workpieces during the welding process, the present invention can move the workpieces during clamping through the positioning assembly; for the displacement of the entire clamping device under the action of external forces, the present invention can reduce the impact on the equipment caused by collisions through the anti-collision assembly.

[0041] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will describe the above technical solutions in detail in conjunction with the specification drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0042] Example 1:

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, a positioning and clamping device for improving the precision of laser tailor welding includes a base 1. A sliding seat 2 is slidably connected to the upper surface of the base 1. A clamping assembly 3 is arranged in the inner cavity of the sliding seat 2. Manual blocks 4 are fixedly installed on the lower surfaces at both ends of the sliding seat 2. A positioning assembly 5 is arranged on the upper surface of the base 1. Anti-collision assemblies 6 are arranged on both sides of the base 1. The anti-collision assemblies 6 protrude from the outer surface of the base 1 to facilitate contact with the anti-collision assemblies 6 during collisions. When welding two workpieces to be tailor welded, place the workpieces on the sliding seat 2, clamp the workpieces through the clamping assembly 3, pull the sliding seat 2 to move on the base 1 through the manual blocks 4, and move the sliding seat 2 to accurately dock the two workpieces. When precise movement of the welded part is required, precise positioning is performed through the positioning assembly 5 to facilitate accurate positioning of the welding machine. The anti-collision assemblies 6 are used to prevent other equipment from colliding with the base 1, so that the base 1 does not shift during collisions, can be detected and corrected in a timely manner when a position shift occurs, and ensure the stability of the base 1, thereby maintaining the stability during clamping by the clamping assembly 3. The present invention performs precise docking and welding of workpieces through two identical clamping devices.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the clamping assembly 3 includes a gear 31. The gear 31 is rotatably connected to the slide base 2 and is located at the middle position of the lower surface of the slide base 2. Tooth bars 32 are arranged on both sides of the gear 31. A limit block 33 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the slide base 2. The tooth bars 32 are meshed with the gear 31 and are slidably connected to the limit block 33. The tooth bars 32 are slidably connected to the slide base 2. A cylinder 34 is arranged on the lower surface of the slide base 2. A piston rod 35 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the cylinder 34. One end of the piston rod 35 away from the cylinder 34 is fixedly connected to a connecting head 36. There are two tooth bars 32, and the connecting head 36 is fixedly connected to one of the tooth bars 32. A clamping and positioning mechanism 37 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the slide base 2. The tooth bars 32 are fixedly connected to the clamping and positioning mechanism 37. There are two clamping and positioning mechanisms 37, and the clamping and positioning mechanisms 37 are symmetrically distributed about the middle part of the slide base 2. When clamping, the operation of the cylinder 34 drives the piston rod 35 to move. The movement of the piston rod 35 drives the connecting head 36 to move. The movement of the connecting head 36 drives the tooth bars 32 to slide on the limit block 33. The movement of the limit block 33 drives the gear 31 to rotate. The rotation of the gear 31 drives the clamping and positioning mechanism 37 on the tooth bars 32 to move, so that the clamping and positioning mechanism 37 clamps the workpiece placed on the slide base 2.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the clamping and positioning mechanism 37 includes a support plate 371. The support plate 371 is slidably connected to the slide base 2. A lifting mechanism 372 is arranged at the middle position of the bottom of the support plate 371. A buffer mechanism 373 is arranged on the upper surface of the support plate 371. A uniform clamping mechanism 374 is slidably connected to the upper surface of the support plate 371. A shielding block 375 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support plate 371. The shielding block 375 is used to limit the uniform clamping mechanism 374 to a certain extent. The lifting mechanism 372 is used for lifting, so that the height of the support plate 371 changes. When the workpiece is clamped on the slide base 2, fine adjustment can be made according to the height of the workpiece, improving the error tolerance of the clamping of the uniform clamping mechanism 374. The buffer mechanism 373 has a certain flexible clamping effect and can adjust the flexible force according to actual needs to prevent unstable clamping. The uniform clamping mechanism 374 can clamp the workpiece evenly.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown in the figure, the lifting mechanism 372 includes a receiving block 3721. The receiving block 3721 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the sliding seat 2. The outer surface of the receiving block 3721 is fixedly connected to the rack 32. A first lead screw 3722 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the receiving block 3721. The two ends of the first lead screw 3722 are sleeved with first sliders 3723. The first sliders 3723 are threadedly connected to the first lead screw 3722, and the thread directions at both ends of the first lead screw 3722 are opposite. The first sliders 3723 are slidably connected to the receiving block 3721. The two ends of the first sliders 3723 are rotatably connected to first connecting bars 3724. One end of the first connecting bar 3724 away from the first slider 3723 is rotatably connected to a connecting seat 3725. A lifting block 3726 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the connecting seat 3725. The lifting block 3726 is slidably sleeved with the receiving block 3721. The lifting block 3726 is fixedly connected to the support plate 371. When it is necessary to adjust the clamping height of the uniform clamping mechanism 374, rotate the first lead screw 3722 to drive the first slider 3723 to move on the first lead screw 3722. The movement of the first slider 3723 drives the first connecting bar 3724 to rotate. The rotation of the first connecting bar 3724 drives the connecting seat 3725 to move up and down. The movement of the connecting seat 3725 drives the lifting block 3726 to move up and down, so that the height of the support plate 371 changes, that is, the height of the uniform clamping mechanism 374 on the sliding seat 2 is adjusted, which is convenient for better clamping of the workpiece.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the buffer mechanism 373 includes a fixed seat 3731. The fixed seat 3731 is fixedly connected to the support plate 371. A second slider 3732 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the fixed seat 3731. A pressure block 3733 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed seat 3731. The pressure block 3733 is slidably connected to the support plate 371. A second lead screw 3734 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the support plate 371. The second lead screw 3734 is threadedly connected to the pressure block 3733. A first buffer rod 3735 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the pressure block 3733. A first spring 3736 is sleeved on the outer surface of the first buffer rod 3735. The uniform clamping mechanism 374 includes a connecting plate 3741. The connecting plate 3741 is fixedly connected to the first buffer rod 3735. The second slider 3732 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 3741. The first spring 3736 is located between the connecting plate 3741 and the pressure block 3733. Rotating seats 3742 are fixedly installed at both ends of the connecting plate 3741. A first connecting arm 3743 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the rotating seat 3742. A limiting seat 3744 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the connecting plate 3741. A moving seat 3745 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the limiting seat 3744. A second connecting arm 3746 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the moving seat 3745. One end of the second connecting arm 3746 is rotatably connected to a support seat 3747. And the outer support seat 3747 is rotatably connected to the first connecting arm 3743. A floating ball 3748 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the support seat 3747. A clamping block 3749 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the floating ball 3748. There is a gap between the clamping block 3749 and the support seat 3747. The connecting plate 3741 is located between the shielding block 375 and the fixed seat 3731. When the uniform clamping mechanism 374 clamps the workpiece, the clamping block 3749 contacts the workpiece. The floating ball 3748 can rotate in the inner cavity of the support seat 3747 so that the clamping block 3749 is inclined relative to the connecting plate 3741, which is convenient for clamping workpieces with uneven outer surfaces. And after the clamping block 3749 is stressed, through the rotation of the first connecting arm 3743 on the rotating seat 3742 and the rotation of the second connecting arm 3746 on the moving seat 3745, as well as the sliding of the moving seat 3745 on the limiting seat 3744, the three clamping blocks 3749 on the same uniform clamping mechanism 374 can uniformly clamp the workpiece, making the contact points between the outer surface of the workpiece and the several clamping blocks 3749 receive uniform force, and having a certain flexible force after clamping. When the clamping force increases, the connecting plate 3741 slides on the support plate 371. At this time, the connecting plate 3741 drives the second slider 3732 to slide on the fixed seat 3731. The first spring 3736 contracts under the pressure of the pressure block 3733 and the connecting plate 3741, so that the clamping block 3749 has a flexible clamping effect after being stressed, avoiding damage to the workpiece due to the clamping force. At the same time, the second lead screw 3734 can be rotated to make the pressure block 3733 slide on the fixed seat 3731, changing the initial pressure of the pressure block 3733 on the first spring 3736, so as to adjust the flexible force of the clamping block 3749.Ensure that the clamping block 3749 does not have insufficient clamping force due to too weak rigidity, ensure the stability of workpiece welding clamping, and avoid generating gaps during butt welding.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown in the figure, the positioning component 5 includes a fixed block 51. A first elastic rod 52 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the fixed block 51. An elastic block 53 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the first elastic rod 52. The elastic block 53 is slidably connected to the fixed block 51. A second spring 54 is sleeved on the outer surface of the first elastic rod 52. There is a gap between the end of the first elastic rod 52 and the inner wall of the fixed block 51. The second spring 54 is located between the elastic block 53 and the inner wall of the fixed block 51. One end of the first elastic rod 52 away from the second spring 54 is rotatably connected to a positioning ring 55. The fixed block 51 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 1. A precise positioning mechanism 56 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the slide base 2 close to the fixed block 51. The precise positioning mechanism 56 includes a positioning strip 561. A scale 562 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the positioning strip 561. Scale lines are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the scale 562, and the scale in the middle part of the scale 562 is zero, and the scales on both sides increase evenly in sequence. A third lead screw 563 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the positioning strip 561. A positioning block 564 is sleeved on the outer surface of the third lead screw 563. There are three positioning blocks 564, and the positioning block 564 in the middle part is fixedly connected to the positioning strip 561. The positioning blocks 564 at both ends are threadedly connected to the third lead screw 563. The thread directions at both ends of the third lead screw 563 are opposite. By controlling the positioning blocks 564 at both ends to move precisely, it is convenient for the slide base 2 to move back and forth on the base 1, so that the workpieces can be precisely connected during butt welding. A pointer 565 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the positioning block 564. The pointer 565 points to the scale 562. The positioning strip 561 is fixedly connected to the slide base 2. The outer surface of the positioning block 564 is recessed towards the fixed block 51 side. The positioning block 564 is engaged with the positioning ring 55. When precise positioning and movement of the workpiece are required, by pulling the manual block 4 to drive the overall slide base 2 and the base 1 to generate a position, rotate the third lead screw 563 according to the distance to be positioned to drive the positioning blocks 564 at both ends of the positioning strip 561 to move, so that the distance between the positioning blocks 564 changes. The pointer 565 points to the scale 562 to read the data on the scale 562. When the pointer 565 points to a value equal to the value to be moved, at this time, move the slide base 2 to disengage the positioning ring 55 from the positioning block 564 in the middle part, and stop when the slide base 2 moves to the positioning ring 55 and the positioning block 564 on the side is engaged. Since the positioning block 564 is recessed, under the elastic force of the second spring 54, the elastic block 53 is squeezed to make the first elastic rod 52 slide in the inner cavity of the fixed block 51. At this time, the positioning ring 55 is located in the middle part of the inner cavity of the positioning block 564, and positioning can be realized according to the positioning block 564, achieving precise positioning when the workpiece needs to be adjusted, making the weld seam in the predetermined position, and improving the welding quality of the product.

[0049] Embodiment 2:

[0050] Please refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the anti-collision component 6 includes an anti-collision body 61. A guiding cylinder 62 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the anti-collision body 61. Second buffer rods 63 are fixedly installed on the outer surfaces at both ends of the anti-collision body 61. A collar 64 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the second buffer rod 63. The collar 64 is used to prevent the fourth spring 65 from rubbing against the inner wall of the base 1 and is convenient for driving the collar 64 to slide on the inner wall of the base 1. A fourth spring 65 is sleeved on the outer surface of the second buffer rod 63. The fourth spring 65 is located between the anti-collision body 61 and the collar 64. The anti-collision body 61 is slidably connected to the inner cavities of the base 1. The collar 64 is located in the inner cavity of the base 1 and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner cavity of the base 1. Alarm mechanisms 66 are fixedly installed at both ends on the side of the anti-collision body 61 close to the inner cavity of the base 1. When an external force contacts the guiding cylinder 62, the guiding cylinder 62 rotates in the anti-collision body 61 for guiding to reduce the great impact on the whole base 1 caused by a direct collision. At the same time, after the anti-collision body 61 is stressed, it generates displacement in the inner cavity of the base 1, and the second buffer rod 63 slides in the inner cavity of the base 1. At this time, the fourth spring 65 is compressed, and the elastic force of the fourth spring 65 cancels part of the collision force. At the same time, the alarm mechanism 66 can also play a buffering role and can issue an alarm to remind the staff to perform subsequent maintenance.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown, the alarm mechanism 66 includes a connecting frame 661. The connecting frame 661 is fixedly connected to the anti-collision body 61. A connecting rod 662 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the connecting frame 661. A buffer sleeve 663 is sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting rod 662. A fifth spring 664 is sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting rod 662. A second connecting bar 665 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the buffer sleeve 663. One end of the second connecting bar 665 away from the buffer sleeve 663 is rotatably connected to a pressure plate 666. An alarm 667 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the pressure plate 666. A button 668 is arranged on the outer surface of the pressure plate 666. An extrusion rod 669 is arranged directly below the button 668. A second elastic rod 6610 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the extrusion rod 669. A sixth spring 6611 is sleeved on the outer surface of the second elastic rod 6610. The fifth spring 664 is located between the buffer sleeves 663. The button 668 and the alarm 667 are electrically connected. Pressing the button 668 controls the alarm 667 to sound an alarm. The pressure plate 666 contacts the inner wall of the base 1. The second elastic rod 6610 is slidably connected to the connecting frame 661. The sixth spring 6611 is located between the extrusion rod 669 and the connecting frame 661 to prevent the extrusion rod 669 from being too rigid and damaging the button 668 during the extrusion process. When the anti-collision body 61 collides, it drives the connecting frame 661 to move. At this time, the pressure plate 666 contacts the inner wall of the base 1. Under pressure, the connecting frame 661 and the pressure plate 666 approach. At this time, the buffer sleeve 663 slides on the connecting rod 662, and the fifth spring 664 is compressed, producing a buffering effect on the impact force brought by the collision. The sliding of the buffer sleeve 663 drives the second connecting bar 665 to rotate on the buffer sleeve 663. When subjected to a relatively large impact force, the extrusion rod 669 contacts the button 668. The button 668 is extruded by the extrusion rod 669 to make the alarm 667 sound an alarm, reminding the staff that the equipment has collided and checking whether the working position of the workpiece has changed. If it has changed, adjust the position of the equipment in time to make the quality of the welded product better.

[0052] In summary, when welding two workpieces to be butt-welded, place the workpieces on the sliding seat 2, clamp the workpieces through the clamping assembly 3, pull the sliding seat 2 to move on the base 1 by the hand-operated block 4, move the sliding seat 2 to accurately butt-joint the two workpieces. When precise movement of the welded part is required, precise positioning is carried out through the positioning assembly 5, facilitating accurate positioning by the welding machine. The anti-collision assembly 6 is used to prevent other equipment from colliding with the base 1, ensuring that the base 1 does not shift during a collision and can be promptly detected and corrected when a position shift occurs, guaranteeing the stability of the base 1, thereby maintaining the stability during clamping by the clamping assembly 3. The present invention precisely butt-joints and welds the workpieces through two identical clamping devices. During clamping, the operation of the cylinder 34 drives the piston rod 35 to move, the movement of the piston rod 35 drives the connecting head 36 to move, the movement of the connecting head 36 drives the rack 32 to slide on the limiting block 33, the movement of the limiting block 33 drives the gear 31 to rotate, and the rotation of the gear 31 drives the clamping and positioning mechanism 37 on the rack 32 to move, enabling the clamping and positioning mechanism 37 to clamp the workpiece placed on the sliding seat 2. Precise movement is achieved by controlling the positioning blocks 564 at both ends, facilitating the forward and backward movement of the sliding seat 2 on the base 1, thereby enabling precise connection between the workpieces during butt-welding. The upper surface of the positioning block 564 is fixedly installed with a pointer 565, and the pointer 565 points to the scale 562. The positioning strip 561 is fixedly connected to the sliding seat 2. The outer surface of the positioning block 564 is recessed towards the fixed block 51 side, and the positioning block 564 is engaged with the positioning ring 55. When precise positioning movement of the workpiece is required, pull the hand-operated block 4 to drive the sliding seat 2 as a whole and the base 1 to change positions. Rotate the third lead screw 563 according to the distance to be positioned to drive the positioning blocks 564 at both ends of the positioning strip 561 to move, changing the distance between the positioning blocks 564. The pointer 565 points to the scale 562 for reading the data on the scale 562. Wait until the pointer 565 points to a value equal to the value to be moved. At this time, move the sliding seat 2 to disengage the positioning ring 55 from the middle positioning block 564, and stop when the sliding seat 2 moves to engage the positioning ring 55 with the side positioning block 564. Due to the recess of the positioning block 564, under the elastic force of the second spring 54, the elastic block 53 is squeezed, causing the first elastic rod 52 to slide in the inner cavity of the fixed block 51. At this time, the positioning ring 55 is located in the middle of the inner cavity of the positioning block 564, enabling positioning according to the positioning block 564, achieving precise positioning when the workpiece needs to be adjusted, placing the weld seam at the predetermined position, and improving the welding quality of the product. When an external force contacts the guide cylinder 62, the guide cylinder 62 rotates in the anti-collision body 61 for guiding, reducing the greater impact on the overall base 1 caused by a direct collision. At the same time, the anti-collision body 61 generates displacement in the inner cavity of the base 1 after being stressed, and the second buffer rod 63 slides in the inner cavity of the base 1. At this time, the fourth spring 65 is squeezed, and the elastic force of the fourth spring 65 offsets part of the collision force. At the same time, the alarm mechanism 66 can also play a buffering role and can issue an alarm to remind the staff for subsequent maintenance.

[0053] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

[0054] The above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, according to the technical solution and its concept of the present application, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A positioning and clamping device for improving laser welding accuracy, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The upper surface of the base (1) is slidably connected to a slide seat (2), the inner cavity of the slide seat (2) is provided with a clamping assembly (3), the lower surfaces of both ends of the slide seat (2) are fixedly mounted with hand-operated blocks (4), the upper surface of the base (1) is provided with a positioning assembly (5), and both sides of the base (1) are provided with anti-collision assemblies (6), and the anti-collision assemblies (6) protrude from the outer surface of the base (1); The clamping assembly (3) comprises a gear (31), the gear (31) is rotatably connected to the slide seat (2) and is located in the middle of the lower surface of the slide seat (2), gear rods (32) are arranged on both sides of the gear (31), a limit block (33) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the slide seat (2), the gear rod (32) and the gear (31) are meshed, and the gear rod (32) and the limit block (33) are slidably connected, the gear rod (32) and the slide seat (2) are slidably connected, and a cylinder (34) is arranged on the lower surface of the slide seat (2), and the cylinder (34) The inner cavity of the slide seat (2) is slidably connected to a piston rod (35), and the end of the piston rod (35) away from the cylinder (34) is fixedly connected to a connector (36), there are two gear rods (32), and the connector (36) is fixedly connected to one of the gear rods (32), and the inner cavity of the slide seat (2) is slidably connected to a clamping and positioning mechanism (37), the gear rod (32) and the clamping and positioning mechanism (37) are fixedly connected, there are two clamping and positioning mechanisms (37), and the clamping and positioning mechanisms (37) are symmetrically distributed about the middle part of the slide seat (2); The clamping and positioning mechanism (37) comprises a support plate (371), the support plate (371) and the slide seat (2) are slidably connected, a lifting mechanism (372) is provided at the middle position of the bottom of the support plate (371), a buffer mechanism (373) is provided on the upper surface of the support plate (371), a uniform clamping mechanism (374) is slidably connected to the upper surface of the support plate (371), and a blocking block (375) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support plate (371); The lifting mechanism (372) comprises a storage block (3721), the storage block (3721) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the slide seat (2), the outer surface of the storage block (3721) is fixedly connected to the gear rod (32), the inner cavity of the storage block (3721) is rotatably connected to a first screw rod (3722), both ends of the first screw rod (3722) are sleeved with a first slider (3723), the first slider (3723) and the first screw rod (3722) are connected by threads, and the threads at both ends of the first screw rod (3722) are in opposite directions. The first slider (3723) and the storage block (3721) are slidably connected, the two ends of the first slider (3723) are rotatably connected to the first connecting strips (3724), one end of the first connecting strip (3724) away from the first slider (3723) is rotatably connected to the connecting seat (3725), a lifting block (3726) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the connecting seat (3725), the lifting block (3726) and the storage block (3721) are slidably sleeved, and the lifting block (3726) and the support plate (371) are fixedly connected; The buffer mechanism (373) comprises a fixed seat (3731), the fixed seat (3731) and the support plate (371) are fixedly connected, the inner cavity of the fixed seat (3731) is slidably connected to a second slider (3732), the inner wall of the fixed seat (3731) is slidably connected to a pressure block (3733), the pressure block (3733) and the support plate (371) are slidably connected, the inner cavity of the support plate (371) is rotatably connected to a second screw rod (3734), the second screw rod (3734) and the pressure block (3733) are rotatably connected to the pressure block (3733), and the second screw rod (3734) and the pressure block (3733) are rotatably connected to the pressure block (3733). The force block (3733) is connected by threads, the inner cavity of the pressure block (3733) is slidably connected to a first buffer rod (3735), the outer surface of the first buffer rod (3735) is sleeved with a first spring (3736), the uniform clamping mechanism (374) includes a connecting plate (3741), the connecting plate (3741) and the first buffer rod (3735) are fixedly connected, the second slider (3732) and the connecting plate (3741) are fixedly connected, the first spring (3736) is located on the connecting plate ( 3741) and the pressure block (3733), the two ends of the connecting plate (3741) are fixedly installed with a rotating seat (3742), the inner cavity of the rotating seat (3742) is rotatably connected to the first connecting arm (3743), the outer surface of the connecting plate (3741) is fixedly installed with a limit seat (3744), the inner cavity of the limit seat (3744) is slidably connected to a moving seat (3745), the inner cavity of the moving seat (3745) is rotatably connected to the second connecting arm (3746), and the second connecting One end of the arm (3746) is rotatably connected to a support seat (3747), and the outer support seat (3747) and the first connecting arm (3743) are rotatably connected, the inner cavity of the support seat (3747) is rotatably connected to a floating ball (3748), and a clamping block (3749) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the floating ball (3748), and a gap is provided between the clamping block (3749) and the support seat (3747), and the connecting plate (3741) is located between the shielding block (375) and the fixed seat (3731).

2. A positioning and clamping device for improving laser welding accuracy as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning assembly (5) comprises a fixed block (51), the inner cavity of the fixed block (51) is slidably connected with a first elastic rod (52), the outer surface of the first elastic rod (52) is fixedly mounted with an elastic block (53), the elastic block (53) and the fixed block (51) are slidably connected, the outer surface of the first elastic rod (52) is sleeved with a second spring (54), a gap is provided between the end of the first elastic rod (52) and the inner wall of the fixed block (51), the second spring (54) is located between the elastic block (53) and the inner wall of the fixed block (51), the end of the first elastic rod (52) away from the second spring (54) is rotatably connected with a positioning ring (55), the fixed block (51) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base (1), and a precise positioning mechanism (56) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of one side of the slide seat (2) close to the fixed block (51).

3. A positioning and clamping device for improving laser welding accuracy as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The precise positioning mechanism (56) comprises a positioning bar (561), a scale (562) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the positioning bar (561), scale lines are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the scale (562), the scale in the middle of the scale (562) is zero, and the scales on both sides increase evenly in sequence, the inner cavity of the positioning bar (561) is rotatably connected to a third screw rod (563), the outer surface of the third screw rod (563) is sleeved with a positioning block (564), there are three positioning blocks (564), and the positioning block (564) in the middle is The positioning block (564) and the positioning bar (561) are fixedly connected, the positioning blocks (564) at both ends are connected to the third screw rod (563) by threads, the threads at both ends of the third screw rod (563) are in opposite directions, a pointer (565) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the positioning block (564), and the pointer (565) points to the scale (562), the positioning bar (561) and the slide seat (2) are fixedly connected, the outer surface of the positioning block (564) is recessed toward one side of the fixed block (51), and the positioning block (564) and the positioning ring (55) are engaged.

4. A positioning and clamping device for improving laser welding accuracy as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-collision component (6) comprises an anti-collision body (61), the inner cavity of the anti-collision body (61) is slidably connected to a guide cylinder (62), second buffer rods (63) are fixedly mounted on the outer surfaces of both ends of the anti-collision body (61), the outer surface of the second buffer rod (63) is slidably connected to a collar (64), the outer surface of the second buffer rod (63) is sleeved with a fourth spring (65), the fourth spring (65) is located between the anti-collision body (61) and the collar (64), the anti-collision body (61) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the base (1), the collar (64) is located in the inner cavity of the base (1), the collar (64) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner cavity of the base (1), and alarm mechanisms (66) are fixedly mounted on both ends of the side of the anti-collision body (61) close to the inner cavity of the base (1).

5. A positioning and clamping device for improving laser welding accuracy as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The alarm mechanism (66) comprises a connecting frame (661), wherein the connecting frame (661) and the anti-collision body (61) are fixedly connected, a connecting rod (662) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the connecting frame (661), a buffer sleeve (663) is sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting rod (662), a fifth spring (664) is sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting rod (662), and a second connecting strip (665) is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the buffer sleeve (663), and the second connecting strip (665) A pressure plate (666) is rotatably connected to one end away from the buffer sleeve (663), an alarm (667) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the pressure plate (666), a button (668) is provided on the outer surface of the pressure plate (666), an extrusion rod (669) is provided directly below the button (668), a second elastic rod (6610) is fixedly installed on the lower end of the extrusion rod (669), and a sixth spring (6611) is sleeved on the outer surface of the second elastic rod (6610).

6. A positioning and clamping device for improving laser welding accuracy as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The fifth spring (664) is located between the buffer sleeve (663), the button (668) is electrically connected to the alarm (667), pressing the button (668) controls the alarm (667) to sound an alarm, the pressure plate (666) is in contact with the inner wall of the base (1), the second elastic rod (6610) is slidably connected to the connecting frame (661), and the sixth spring (6611) is located between the extrusion rod (669) and the connecting frame (661).

7. A positioning and clamping method for improving laser welding precision, performed by a positioning and clamping device for improving laser welding precision as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. placing the automobile parts to be welded on the slide seat (2), and clamping and fixing the welded parts by the clamping assembly (3) to prevent the position from shifting during welding; S2. The slide seat (2) is pulled to move on the base (1) by the hand-operated block (4). When the welded part needs to be moved accurately, the positioning assembly (5) is used to accurately position the welded part, so that the welder can be accurately positioned. S3. The anti-collision component (6) is used to prevent other equipment from colliding with the base (1), so that the base (1) does not deviate when a collision occurs, and can be discovered and corrected in time when position deviation occurs, thereby ensuring the stability of the base (1) and maintaining the stability of the clamping component (3) when clamping.

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