A method and apparatus for multistage melt continuous separation of polyester-cotton blended fabric

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multistage melt continuous separation polyester cotton blended fabric method and equipment, it has solved the technical defects of the coking of cotton fiber caused by excessively high temperature in prior art and realized continuous polyester cotton separation technology, it mainly includes feeding cylinder, screw extruder, electromagnetic heater, heating insulation cover, wire meshless filter, screen filter, pressure sensor and temperature sensor.The application controls each parameter in the separation process accurately, ensures that polyester and cotton fiber is separated under optimum conditions, so that the original performance of fiber is retained to the greatest extent, the reuse value of fiber after separation is improved, and energy consumption and material consumption are reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a multi-stage melting separation device and method for polyester-cotton blended fibers. BACKGROUND

[0002] Polyester-cotton blended materials have become an important raw material widely used in the textile industry due to their combination of polyester's wear resistance and wrinkle resistance with cotton's moisture absorption and softness. However, with the mass production and consumption of polyester-cotton blended products, their waste has also increased year by year, posing a huge challenge to environmental protection and resource recycling. In order to achieve effective recovery and reuse of polyester-cotton blended waste, polyester-cotton efficient separation technology has gradually become a hot topic in current textile research.

[0003] Traditional polyester-cotton separation methods mainly include manual sorting, chemical dissolution, and high-temperature melting, etc. Although these methods can achieve the separation of polyester and cotton, they have problems such as low efficiency, high cost, and serious environmental pollution.

[0004] With the continuous progress of science and technology, polyester-cotton continuous separation technology has developed rapidly. This technology aims to achieve efficient, environmentally friendly, and low-cost separation of polyester and cotton fibers through a series of continuous physical or chemical processes. The core lies in utilizing the differences in physical properties (such as density, melting point, solubility, etc.) or chemical properties (such as acid and alkali resistance, reactivity, etc.) between polyester and cotton fibers to design a reasonable separation process.

[0005] During the research of polyester-cotton continuous separation technology, scholars and enterprises at home and abroad have made significant achievements. For example, by using a specific solvent system, selective dissolution of polyester can be achieved, thereby separating it from cotton fibers; or by using high-temperature and high-pressure melting separation technology, polyester fibers are melted and separated from cotton fibers. Although these technologies have improved separation efficiency to some extent, they still have problems such as solvent recovery difficulties, high energy consumption, and complex equipment. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application aims to provide a method and device for multi-stage melting continuous separation of polyester-cotton blended fabrics.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a method for multi-stage melting continuous separation of polyester-cotton blended fibers, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1, feeding stage:

[0009] The crushed block-shaped polyester-cotton blended fabric is fed into the feeding hopper of the feeding cylinder;

[0010] The feeding barrel is provided with two opposite rotating conveyors, which are powered by a driving shaft and rotate clockwise and counterclockwise respectively to convey the material to the feeding port of the first single screw extruder.

[0011] Step 2, the first single screw extruder processing:

[0012] After the material enters the first single screw extruder, it is conveyed and preliminarily melted by the rotation of the first screw;

[0013] The first screw is designed with a flat bottom, long tooth spacing and deep tooth structure to reduce shear and compression of the material and maintain the integrity of the cotton fibers as much as possible;

[0014] The electromagnetic heater provided in the first single screw extruder is used to control the temperature, and the temperature sensor detects and transmits the temperature signal to the controller to realize accurate temperature adjustment;

[0015] The pressure sensor provided in the first single screw extruder monitors the internal pressure in real time to ensure the stability of the extrusion process;

[0016] Step 3, filter without wire screen:

[0017] The molten material is extruded from the first single screw extruder into the filter without wire screen;

[0018] The filter without wire screen is provided with an alloy filter plate with a large number of conical micropores on it, which allows the molten polyester to pass through while blocking impurities;

[0019] The filter without wire screen is provided with a synchronous operation impurity removal scraper that pushes the impurities and dirt left outside the filter plate to the impurity storage chamber and can discharge the slag;

[0020] Step 4, heat preservation with heat preservation sleeve:

[0021] The filtered material passes through the heat preservation sleeve into the second single screw extruder to prevent the material temperature from dropping and affecting the state;

[0022] Step 5, second single screw extruder processing:

[0023] The pitch of the second screw in the second single screw extruder changes, with the pitch of the extrusion port becoming smaller as it approaches the extrusion port, increasing the extrusion pressure and improving the extrusion efficiency;

[0024] The second screw extruder is equipped with an electromagnetic heater, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor to maintain stable processing conditions;

[0025] Step 6, filter with screen replacement:

[0026] The material is extruded from the secondary single screw extruder into the screen changer filter; the screen changer filter comprises an automatic switching device of multiple filter screens for further filtering of tiny impurities; the filter screen is supported by an alloy perforated plate, the perforated plate is installed on a plate carrier, the carrier can be moved to realize continuous automatic deslagging;

[0027] Step 7, complete separation:

[0028] After the above multi-stage filtering and extrusion treatment, relatively pure polyester and cotton fiber products are finally obtained respectively.

[0029] The multi-stage melt continuous separation polyester-cotton blended fiber equipment comprises a feeding cylinder, a first single screw extruder is connected with the feeding cylinder through a feeding port in the upper portion of the first single screw extruder, a screenless filter is connected with the tail portion of the first single screw extruder, a heating and heat preservation sleeve is connected with the tail end of the screenless filter, and the tail end of the heating and heat preservation sleeve is connected with a second single screw extruder; the end of the second single screw extruder is connected with a screen changer filter; a pressure sensor is arranged on the first single screw extruder, the second single screw extruder and the screen changer filter respectively; the first single screw extruder and the second single screw extruder are respectively provided with a temperature sensor; and the inside of the feeding cylinder body is provided with a counter-rotating conveyor.

[0030] Further, the first single screw extruder is provided with an electromagnetic heater, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor; the electromagnetic heater is used for temperature control; the temperature sensor is responsible for detecting the temperature of the extruder and transmitting the detected temperature signal to the controller; the controller adjusts the temperature by controlling the working state of the electromagnetic heater according to the difference between the set temperature value and the actually detected temperature value; and the pressure sensor is used for measuring and controlling the pressure of the high-temperature melt medium.

[0031] Further, the first single screw extruder comprises a screw, and the screw is designed as a flat-bottomed structure with long tooth spacing and large tooth depth.

[0032] Further, the screenless filter comprises a filter screen plate and a dedusting scraper; the filter screen plate is made of super strong wear-resistant alloy steel; the filter screen plate has a large number of conical micropores, which can prevent clogging and play a filtering role; and the filter screen plate plays a key role in allowing the molten polyester to pass through and blocking impurities.

[0033] Further, the pitch of the second screw extruder changes, and the pitch of the extrusion port far from the end becomes smaller as it approaches the extrusion port; the smaller pitch increases the extrusion pressure; the smaller the pitch, the more the material of the same length passes through the extruder in the same time, thereby increasing the extrusion pressure.

[0034] Further, the filter with replaceable screen includes an automatic switching device for a plurality of filter screens to filter out foreign particles and impurities when the melt flows through the filter screen, and the filter screen is supported by an alloy perforated plate installed on a plate-shaped carrier that can be moved to switch between an operating position and an offline non-operating position in a system to achieve continuous automatic slagging.

[0035] Further, the filter with replaceable screen is provided with a pressure sensor for monitoring and controlling pressure changes during the extrusion process, which can measure the pressure value inside the filter in real time and transmit the data to the control system for real-time monitoring and adjustment of the extrusion process.

[0036] Further, the feeding cylinder includes a feeding hopper, a driving shaft and counter-rotating conveyors, and the polyester fabric material crushed into blocks with a length or width of ≤1 cm is fed into the feeding hopper, the counter-rotating conveyors are rotated by the driving shaft, and the feeding hopper is conveyed to the feeding port of the first single-screw extruder.

[0037] Further, the first single-screw extruder includes an electromagnetic heater for temperature control, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the extruder and transmitting the detected temperature signal to the controller, and a pressure sensor for measuring and controlling the pressure of the high-temperature melt medium, and the end of the first single-screw extruder is connected to a screenless filter.

[0038] Further, the screw inside the first single-screw extruder is designed as a flat-bottomed tooth structure with long tooth spacing and deep teeth.

[0039] Further, the screenless filter includes a filter screen plate made of super strong wear-resistant alloy steel and a foreign matter removing scraper, the filter screen plate has a large number of conical micropores (to prevent clogging) to play a filtering role, and the filter screen plate plays a key role in allowing the molten polyester to pass through and blocking impurities, and the screenless filter is equipped with a synchronously operating foreign matter removing scraper, during operation, the melt passes through the micropores and the impurities and dirt are left on one side of the filter screen plate, the rotating speed of the foreign matter removing scraper is manually set according to the pressure value of the pressure sensor, during this process, the impurities are pushed to the foreign matter storage chamber by the rotating foreign matter removing scraper, when the impurities in the storage chamber accumulate to a certain amount, the hydraulic mechanism is used to automatically remove the impurities, and this process is repeated continuously to achieve 24-hour uninterrupted automatic slagging and long-term use without replacing the filter screen.

[0040] Further, a heating jacket is connected between the screenless filter and the secondary screw extruder to prevent the material from being affected by temperature drop when passing through, and accurate temperature control is necessary, the heating jacket can help maintain the temperature conditions required for the reaction.

[0041] Further, the secondary screw extruder includes an electromagnetic heater, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor, the screw pitch of the secondary screw extruder is different from that of the primary single screw extruder, the change is that the far-end screw pitch of the extrusion port becomes smaller as it approaches the extrusion port, which increases the extrusion pressure, the smaller the screw pitch, the more the material of the same length passes through the extruder in the same time, thereby increasing the extrusion pressure. The reason for increasing the extrusion pressure is that the screenless filter has filtered out larger impurities, so the impurities extruded into the secondary single screw extruder are smaller, so the screw pitch can be reduced to increase the extrusion pressure and increase the extrusion efficiency.

[0042] Further, the screen changer filter includes an automatic switching device for a plurality of filter screens for filtering out foreign particles and impurities when the melt flows through the filter screen, the filter screen is supported by an alloy perforated plate, the perforated plate is mounted on a plate-shaped carrier, the carrier can be moved to switch between the working position and the offline non-working position of a system, realizing continuous automatic deslagging.

[0043] Further, the screen changer filter includes a pressure sensor for monitoring and controlling the pressure change in the extrusion process, the pressure sensor can measure the pressure value inside the filter in real time and transmit the data to the control system for real-time monitoring and adjustment of the extrusion process.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0045] Improved separation efficiency: through the multi-stage melt continuous separation technology, the present application realizes the efficient separation of polyester and cotton fibers, compared with traditional manual sorting, chemical dissolution and other methods, greatly improves the separation efficiency, shortens the production cycle and reduces the production cost.

[0046] Precise parameter control: this method precisely controls the temperature, pressure and screw structure parameters in the separation process to ensure that the polyester and cotton fibers are separated under the best conditions, reduces the fiber damage caused by improper operation, thereby maximally preserves the original performance of the fibers and improves the reuse value of the separated fibers.

[0047] Automation and continuous: from feeding to final separation, the whole process realizes high automation and continuous operation, reduces manual intervention, improves the consistency and stability of production, and reduces labor cost.

[0048] Reducing environmental pollution: Compared with separation methods such as chemical dissolution, the present application avoids the use of a large amount of chemical reagents, reduces the generation of harmful waste liquid, and reduces the pollution to the environment. At the same time, the continuous and automatic production process also reduces the emission of waste gas and waste residue, meeting the requirements of green production.

[0049] Promoting resource recycling: The efficient separation of polyester-cotton blended waste provides the possibility for the recycling of textile waste. The separated polyester and cotton fibers can be reused as raw materials in the production process, forming a closed-loop circular economy system, which helps to save resources and reduce waste.

[0050] Increasing product added value: Since the separated fibers maintain good original performance, their reuse value is improved, and higher-quality regenerated fiber products can be produced to meet market demand for high-quality textiles, increasing the economic benefits of enterprises.

[0051] Promoting green development of the industry: The application of the present application will promote the transformation of the textile industry towards green, low-carbon and environmentally friendly direction, and help to build a sustainable development industrial ecological system. At the same time, by improving the recycling rate of waste, the dependence on primary resources is reduced, providing strong support for the sustainable development of the industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0052] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, together with the embodiments of the present application, to explain the present application, and do not constitute a limitation of the present application. In the drawings:

[0053] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multi-stage melt continuous separation of polyester-cotton blended fibers method;

[0054] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a feeding cylinder device;

[0055] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a filter plate without a wire mesh filter and a scrap removal scraper;

[0056] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a plate-type screen changer;

[0057] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a screw extruder;

[0058] In the figure: 1, feeding cylinder; 11, feeding hopper; 12, drive shaft; 13, counter-rotating conveyor; 2, first single-screw extruder; 21, first screw; 22, electromagnetic heater; 3, wireless filter; 31, alloy filter plate; 32, impurity removal scraper; 33, impurity storage chamber; 4, heating jacket; 5, second single-screw extruder; 51, second screw; 52, electromagnetic heater; 6, screen-changing filter; 61, filter screen carrier; 62, hydraulic device; 7, pressure sensor; 8, temperature sensor; 91, electromagnetic induction coil; 92, power supply. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to illustrate the possible application scenarios, technical principles, specific schemes that can be implemented, and the purposes and effects that can be achieved, the following will be described in detail in combination with the specific embodiments listed and with the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described herein are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and therefore only serve as examples, but cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Embodiment 1

[0060] As shown in the accompanying drawings, a multi-stage molten continuous separation polyester-cotton blended fiber equipment includes a feeding cylinder 1, which is connected with a first single-screw extruder 2 through a feeding port at the upper part of the first single-screw extruder 2. The tail part of the first single-screw extruder 2 is connected with a wire-free filter 3, the end of the wire-free filter 3 is connected with a heating jacket 4, the end of the heating jacket 4 is connected with a second single-screw extruder 5, and the end of the second single-screw extruder 5 is connected with a screen-changing filter 6. The first single-screw extruder 2, the second single-screw extruder 5, and the screen-changing filter 6 are respectively provided with a pressure sensor 7. The first single-screw extruder 2 and the second single-screw extruder 5 are respectively provided with a temperature sensor 8, which can be controlled by a temperature controller.

[0061] The feeding cylinder 1 includes a feeding hopper 11, a drive shaft 12, and counter-rotating conveyors 13. The polyester-cotton garment material broken into blocks with a length or width ≤1 cm is put into the feeding hopper 11 of the feeding cylinder, the drive shaft 12 provides the rotating power for the counter-rotating conveyors 13, and the two counter-rotating conveyors rotate clockwise and counterclockwise respectively to convey the material in the feeding hopper 11 to the feeding port of the first single-screw extruder 2.

[0062] In order to prevent the cloth from winding around the first screw 21 of the first single-screw extruder 2, to have sufficient screw channel volume, and to keep the cotton fibers as complete as possible, the first screw 21 is designed as a flat-bottomed structure with long tooth spacing and large tooth depth, and the tooth depth is less than 1 mm to reduce the shearing and compression effect on the material. The tooth spacing is greater than 0.2 times the diameter D of the screw, which is suitable for reducing the local excessive compression of the material. At the same time, the first single-screw extruder is provided with an electromagnetic heater 22 to heat and improve the flowability of the material.

[0063] Meanwhile, a pressure sensor 7 is arranged outside the primary single-screw extruder, which is used to monitor the internal pressure of the extruder in real time. By detecting the pressure change, the primary single-screw extruder can automatically adjust the extrusion speed and screw rotation speed according to the actual demand.

[0064] Meanwhile, a temperature sensor 8 is arranged outside the primary single-screw extruder 2, which plays a role in temperature detection and control, prevention of overheating, optimization of production, and fault warning and diagnosis.

[0065] The polyester-cotton garment material is extruded to the wire-mesh-free filter 3 in the primary single-screw extruder 2 along with the rotation of the primary screw 21.

[0066] With the operation of the wire-mesh-free filter 3, an alloy filter plate 31 is arranged inside the wire-mesh-free filter 3, a foreign matter removing scraper 32 is arranged outside the alloy filter plate 31, and a foreign matter storage chamber 33 is arranged adjacent to the alloy filter plate 31 (which can be detachably connected, so that it can be manually taken out and emptied). The molten polyester passes through a large number of tapered pores on the alloy filter plate 31, the aperture of the tapered pores is 30 μm, and the melt of the molten polyester passes through the tapered pores, while the impurities and dirt are left outside the alloy filter plate 31 and removed by the foreign matter removing scraper 32 at a speed of 2-3 revolutions per minute. In this process, the impurities are pushed to the foreign matter storage chamber 33 by the rotating foreign matter removing scraper. When the impurities in the foreign matter storage chamber 32 accumulate to a certain amount, a hydraulic mechanism is used to automatically remove the impurities. This process is repeated continuously, so that the impurities can be automatically removed for 24 hours without interruption, and the filter screen does not need to be frequently replaced. Further, the hydraulic mechanism is a prior art.

[0067] The lower end of the wire-mesh-free filter 3 is connected to the feed inlet of the heating and heat preservation sleeve 4, which is mainly used to prevent the temperature of the material from dropping when the material passes through.

[0068] After being filtered by the wire-mesh-free filter 3, most of the coarse cotton fibers in the fabric have been removed.

[0069] The fabric is pumped into the secondary screw extruder 5 by the heating and heat preservation sleeve 4.

[0070] The pitch of the secondary screw 51 of the secondary screw extruder 5 is different from that of the primary single-screw extruder 2. The pitch changes from the distal end of the extrusion outlet to the proximal end of the extrusion outlet, and the pitch becomes smaller. The smaller pitch increases the extrusion pressure. The smaller the pitch, the more the amount of material passing through the secondary screw extruder in the same time, thereby increasing the extrusion pressure. The reason for increasing the extrusion pressure is that the wire-mesh-free filter 3 has filtered the larger impurities, so that the impurities extruded into the secondary single-screw extruder 5 are smaller, and thus the pitch can be reduced to increase the extrusion pressure and the extrusion efficiency. Meanwhile, the secondary screw extruder is heated by an electromagnetic heater 52.

[0071] Finally, the material is transported to the screen changer filter 6 by the secondary screw extruder 5.

[0072] The screen changer filter 6 can adopt Figure 4 The plate screen changer shown in the figure includes an automatic switching device of two filter screens, which is used to filter out foreign particles and impurities when the melt flows through the filter screen of the screen changer filter 6, and the screen changer filter 6 is supported by an alloy porous plate installed on a plate carrier 61, and the carrier is driven by a hydraulic device 62 to move, so as to switch between a working position and an offline non-working position of a system, and realize continuous automatic slagging; the screen changer filter 6 can also adopt the structure of Chinese patents No. CN201410470290.6 or CN201220376285.5.

[0073] At the same time, the pore size of the screen changer filter is smaller than that of the wire mesh filter, and the micropore pore size is 10 μm.

[0074] Further, a pressure sensor is arranged on the screen changer filter, which is used to monitor and control the pressure change in the extrusion process. The pressure sensor can measure the pressure value inside the filter in real time, and transmit these data to the control system, so as to monitor and adjust the extrusion process in real time. At the same time, the screen changing speed is manually adjusted according to the pressure value of the pressure sensor. Example 2

[0075] A method for multi-stage melt continuous separation of polyester-cotton blended fabric involves the cooperative work of multiple steps and components, and the following is the detailed separation process:

[0076] Step 1, feeding stage:

[0077] The polyester-cotton blended fabric broken into blocks (length or width ≤1 cm) is put into the feeding hopper 11 of the feeding cylinder 1.

[0078] The feeding cylinder is provided with two pairs of counter-rotating conveyors 13, which are powered by the driving shaft 12. The two pairs of counter-rotating conveyors rotate clockwise and counterclockwise respectively, and convey the material to the feeding port of the first single screw extruder 2.

[0079] Step 2, first single screw extruder treatment:

[0080] After the material enters the first single screw extruder, it is conveyed and preliminarily melted by the rotation of the first screw 21.

[0081] The first screw is designed as a flat-bottomed tooth spacing long and deep tooth structure to reduce the shear and compression of the material and maintain the integrity of the cotton fibers as much as possible.

[0082] The electromagnetic heater 22 provided in the primary single-screw extruder is used for temperature control. The temperature sensor detects and transmits the temperature signal to the controller. The controller can be a conventional temperature controller or a temperature controller controlled by a single-chip microcomputer, such as an MCS-51 series single-chip microcomputer 8031, to achieve accurate temperature regulation.

[0083] The pressure sensor monitors the internal pressure in real time to ensure the stability of the extrusion process.

[0084] Step 3, filtration by a wireless filter:

[0085] The molten material is extruded from the primary single-screw extruder 2 into the wire-free filter 3.

[0086] The wire-free filter is provided with an alloy filter plate having a large number of conical micropores (30 μm in diameter) that allow the molten polyester to pass through while blocking impurities.

[0087] The impurities and dirt left outside the filter plate are pushed by the simultaneously operating impurity removal scraper to the impurity storage chamber and are manually removed regularly or automatically removed by a hydraulic mechanism, achieving 24-hour uninterrupted automatic slag removal.

[0088] Step 4, heat preservation by a heating heat preservation sleeve:

[0089] The filtered material passes through the heating heat preservation sleeve into the secondary single-screw extruder 5 to prevent the temperature drop of the material from affecting the state.

[0090] Step 5, processing by the secondary single-screw extruder:

[0091] The pitch of the secondary screw in the secondary single-screw extruder changes, with the pitch of the extrusion outlet decreasing as it approaches the extrusion outlet, increasing the extrusion pressure and improving the extrusion efficiency.

[0092] The secondary screw extruder is equipped with an electromagnetic heater, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor to maintain stable processing conditions.

[0093] Step 6, filtration by a screen-changing filter:

[0094] The material is extruded from the secondary single-screw extruder into the screen-changing filter 6.

[0095] The screen-changing filter contains an automatic switching device for multiple filter screens to further filter small impurities (10 μm in diameter).

[0096] The filter screen is supported by an alloy perforated plate installed on a plate-type carrier that can be moved to achieve continuous automatic slag removal.

[0097] Step 7, completion of separation:

[0098] After the above multi-stage filtration and extrusion treatment, the separation of polyester and cotton fibers is realized under the best conditions, and finally relatively pure polyester and cotton fiber products are obtained.

[0099] This method ensures the efficiency and stability of the continuous separation process of polyester-cotton blended fabric by precisely controlling the parameters such as temperature, pressure and screw structure, while maximizing the preservation of the original performance of the fibers, improving the reuse value of the separated fibers, and reducing energy and material consumption.

[0100] It should be noted that although the above embodiments have been described in this paper, the patent protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby. Therefore, based on the innovative idea of the present application, changes and modifications to the embodiments described herein, or equivalent structures or equivalent process transformations made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, directly or indirectly apply the above technical solutions to other related technical fields, are all included within the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A process for multistage melt continuous separation of polyester-cotton blended fibers, characterized in that It comprises the following steps: Step 1, feeding stage: The polyester-cotton blended fabric crushed into blocks is put into the feeding hopper of the feeding cylinder; The feeding cylinder is provided with counter-rotating conveyors powered by a driving shaft, which rotate clockwise and counterclockwise respectively to convey the material to the feeding port of the first single-screw extruder; Step 2, first single-screw extruder processing: After the material enters the first single-screw extruder, it is conveyed and preliminarily melted by the rotation of the first screw; The first screw is designed with a flat bottom, long tooth spacing, and deep tooth structure to reduce shear and compression of the material and maintain the integrity of the cotton fibers as much as possible; The electromagnetic heater in the first single-screw extruder is used to control the temperature, and the temperature sensor detects and transmits the temperature signal to the controller to achieve accurate temperature adjustment; The pressure sensor in the first single-screw extruder monitors the internal pressure in real time to ensure the stability of the extrusion process; Step 3, wire mesh filter filtration: The molten material is extruded from the first single-screw extruder into the wire mesh filter; The wire mesh filter is provided with an alloy filter plate with a large number of conical micropores that allow the molten polyester to pass through while blocking impurities; The wire mesh filter is provided with a synchronously operating impurity removal scraper that pushes the impurities and dirt left outside the filter plate to the impurity storage chamber and can discharge the slag; Step 4, heat preservation sleeve heat preservation: The filtered material passes through the heat preservation sleeve into the second single-screw extruder to prevent the material temperature from dropping and affecting the state; Step 5, second single-screw extruder processing: The pitch of the second screw in the second single-screw extruder changes, with the pitch becoming smaller as it approaches the extrusion port, increasing the extrusion pressure and improving the extrusion efficiency; The second screw extruder is equipped with an electromagnetic heater, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor to maintain stable processing conditions; Step 6, screen changer filter filtration: The material is extruded from the second single-screw extruder into the screen changer filter; the screen changer filter contains an automatic switching device for multiple filter screens for further filtering of small impurities; the filter screen is supported by an alloy perforated plate installed on a plate-type carrier, and the carrier can be moved to achieve continuous automatic slag discharge; Step 7, complete separation: After multiple filtration and extrusion processes, relatively pure polyester and cotton fiber products are obtained.

2. A multi-stage melt continuous separation polyester-cotton blended fiber device, which refers to the multi-stage melt continuous separation polyester-cotton blended fiber method of claim 1, comprising a feeding cylinder, a first single-screw extruder connected to the feeding cylinder through the feeding port in the upper part of the first single-screw extruder, a wireless filter connected to the tail of the first single-screw extruder, a heating and heat preservation sleeve connected to the end of the wireless filter, and a second single-screw extruder connected to the end of the heating and heat preservation sleeve, wherein the end of the second single-screw extruder is connected to a screen-changing filter, pressure sensors are respectively arranged on the first single-screw extruder, the second single-screw extruder and the screen-changing filter, and temperature sensors are respectively arranged on the first single-screw extruder and the second single-screw extruder. The inside of the feeding cylinder is provided with counter-rotating conveyors to control the feeding speed by adjusting the rotation speed of the counter-rotating conveyors.

3. The multi-stage melt-continuous separation polyester-cotton blended fiber apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first single-screw extruder is provided with an electromagnetic heater, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor; the electromagnetic heater is used for temperature control; the temperature sensor detects the temperature of the first single-screw extruder and transmits the detected temperature signal to the controller; the controller adjusts the temperature by controlling the working state of the electromagnetic heater based on the difference between the set temperature value and the actual detected temperature value; the pressure sensor is used for pressure measurement and control of the high-temperature melt medium.

4. The multi-stage melt-continuous separation polyester-cotton blended fiber apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first single-screw extruder includes a screw, which is designed with a flat bottom, long tooth spacing, and deep tooth structure.

5. The multi-stage melt-continuous separation polyester-cotton blend fiber apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, The non-woven filter includes a filter screen plate and a impurity removing scraper, the filter screen plate is made of super wear-resistant alloy steel, and a large number of conical micropores are arranged on the filter screen plate, so that the filter screen plate can prevent blockage and play a filtering role, and the filter screen plate plays a key role of allowing molten polyester to pass through and blocking impurities.

6. The multi-stage melt-continuous separation polyester-cotton blend fiber apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, The pitch of the secondary single-screw extruder changes, the pitch of the extrusion outlet decreases as it approaches the extrusion outlet, the decrease of the pitch increases the extrusion pressure, the smaller the pitch is, the more the material of the same length passes through the secondary single-screw extruder in the same time, thereby increasing the extrusion pressure.

7. The multi-stage melt-continuous separation polyester-cotton blend fiber apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, The screen-changing filter comprises an automatic switching device of a plurality of filter screens, which is used for filtering out foreign particles and impurities when the melt flows through the filter screens, the filter screens are supported by an alloy porous plate, the porous plate is installed on a plate-shaped carrier, and the carrier can be moved to switch between an online working position and an offline non-working position, so that continuous automatic deslagging is realized.

8. The multi-stage melt-continuous separation polyester-cotton blended fiber apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The screen-changing filter is provided with a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is used for monitoring and controlling the pressure change in the extrusion process, the pressure sensor can measure the pressure value in the screen-changing filter in real time, and the data are transmitted to a control system, so that the extrusion process is monitored and adjusted in real time.

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