Ultra-wideband Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna, transmitting antenna and antenna system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of radar antennas, and discloses an ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna, a transmitting antenna and an antenna system. The receiving antenna comprises a first spectrum receiver, a first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group, a first Fresnel parabolic antenna, a first lens group and a second spectrum receiver which are sequentially arranged along the incident direction of a target spectrum. The spectrum information of a first preset waveband is focused on a detection end face of the first spectrum receiver through the first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group and the first Fresnel parabolic antenna, and the spectrum information of a second preset waveband is transmitted into the first lens group. The spectrum information of the second preset waveband is focused on the detection end face of the second spectrum receiver through the first lens group, so that the target spectrum can be divided into two wavebands and received by two corresponding spectrum receivers, thereby realizing ultra-wide spectrum reception of the radar antenna, improving the working frequency and bandwidth of the radar antenna, and further improving energy efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of radar antennas, and in particular to an ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna, a transmitting antenna and an antenna system. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the application of "ultra-wideband" antennas, radar systems have extremely strict requirements for them. First, it is necessary to consider waveform distortion and good clutter performance, so the antenna is required to be low-sidelobe and maintain a relatively constant beam width and gain within the specified frequency range; secondly, in order to provide suitable high angular resolution and low sidelobes at the lowest frequency end used, the antenna aperture is required to be at least 6 or 10 wavelengths. At the same time, the antenna design process must be closely integrated with the system design, mainly considering the variable pulse shape from the transmitter, and processing the pulse shape required by the target and the available signals; in addition, the transmission function of the transmitting and receiving antennas must not distort the pulse to an unacceptable level.

[0003] At present, conventional "ultra-wideband" antennas use traveling wave array antennas. In the traveling wave array antenna, TEM horns are used as feed sources to form a parabolic reflective antenna. As for the horn antenna, the current AS to 4861 dual-polarized quad-ridged horn antenna has a gain of 5 to 18dB in the frequency range of 9:1 or a width of 2 to 18GHZ; the biconical antenna can properly select the cone angle to work in the non-bandwidth of the frequency, especially the improved bow-tie antenna and the zigzag line array antenna. The latter can be realized in the bandwidth of 12:1 by using several layers of EP printed circuit boards with a distance of about 1 / 4 wavelength; there are also frequency switching antennas. The characteristics of this type of antenna are only related to the angle. It is based on two-dimensional spirals, curves and three-dimensional conical spirals. At present, array antennas are increasingly used as ultra-wideband.

[0004] At present, conventional radar antennas mainly include monopole dipole, conical antenna, butterfly antenna and array antenna, which generally have problems of low operating frequency and bandwidth and low energy efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the embodiments of the present invention provide an ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna, a transmitting antenna and an antenna system to solve the technical problems of low operating frequency and bandwidth and low energy efficiency of existing radar antennas.

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides an ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna, comprising: a first spectrum receiver, a first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group, a first Fresnel parabolic antenna, a first lens group, and a second spectrum receiver, which are sequentially arranged along the incident direction of the target spectrum;

[0007] The first spectrum receiver is adapted to receive spectrum information of a first preset band, the second spectrum receiver is adapted to receive spectrum information of a second preset band, and the band of the target spectrum includes the first preset band and the second preset band;

[0008] The concave surface of the first Fresnel parabola antenna faces the first spectrum receiver, and the first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group is arranged in the full aperture area of ​​the first Fresnel parabola antenna;

[0009] The first Fresnel parabola antenna and the first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group are used together to reflect and focus the spectrum information of the first preset band on the detection end face of the first spectrum receiver, and transmit the spectrum information of the second preset band into the first lens group;

[0010] The first lens group is used to focus the spectrum information of the second preset wavelength band on the detection end surface of the second spectrum receiver.

[0011] Optionally, the first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring-shaped microstrip group includes a plurality of composite comb-shaped microstrips with multiple curvatures, multiple radii, and multiple layers of reflection / transmission surface combinations.

[0012] Optionally, the first lens group includes a first convex lens and a first concave lens which are sequentially arranged behind the first Fresnel parabola antenna.

[0013] Optionally, both the first convex lens and the first concave lens are high-order aspheric embedded lenses.

[0014] Optionally, the first preset wavelength range is from 1000 μm to 5000 μm, and the second preset wavelength range is from 780 nm to 1000 μm.

[0015] The second aspect of the present invention provides an ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transmitting antenna, comprising: a spectrum transmitter, a second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring belt group, a second Fresnel parabolic antenna, a second lens group and a third spectrum receiver arranged in sequence along the opposite direction of the target spectrum emission direction;

[0016] The concave surface of the second Fresnel parabola antenna faces the spectrum transmitter, the second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group is arranged in the full aperture area of ​​the second Fresnel parabola antenna, and the third spectrum receiver is suitable for receiving spectrum information of the band where the target spectrum is located;

[0017] The spectrum transmitter is used to transmit the target spectrum toward the second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group and the second Fresnel parabola antenna;

[0018] The second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group and the second Fresnel parabola antenna are used together to perform beam shaping on the target spectrum, reflect and collimate the main components of the target spectrum and output them through the spectrum output window, and transmit and collimate the backscattered components of the target spectrum and enter the second lens group;

[0019] The second lens group is used to focus the backscattered components of the target spectrum onto the detection end surface of the third spectrum receiver.

[0020] Optionally, the second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring-shaped microstrip group includes a plurality of composite comb-shaped microstrips with multiple curvatures, multiple radii, and multiple layers of reflection / transmission surface combinations.

[0021] Optionally, the second lens group includes a second convex lens and a second concave lens which are sequentially arranged behind the second Fresnel parabola antenna.

[0022] Optionally, both the second convex lens and the second concave lens are high-order aspheric embedded lenses.

[0023] Optionally, the target spectrum ranges from 780 nm to 5000 μm.

[0024] A third aspect of the present invention provides an ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transceiver antenna system, comprising the ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna as described in any one of the first aspect and the ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transmitting antenna as described in any one of the second aspect.

[0025] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] The present invention provides an ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna, transmitting antenna and antenna system. The spectrum information of a first preset band is reflected and focused on the detection end face of the first spectrum receiver through a first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group and a first Fresnel parabolic antenna, and the spectrum information of a second preset band is transmitted into the first lens group. The spectrum information of the second preset band is focused on the detection end face of the second spectrum receiver through the first lens group. The target spectrum can be divided into two bands and received by two corresponding spectrum receivers. The input target spectrum is filtered and frequency-selected by the first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group, so that the ultra-wide spectrum reception of the radar antenna is realized, the operating frequency and bandwidth of the radar antenna are improved, and the energy efficiency is further improved, so that information processing can be performed efficiently. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly express the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for describing the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A side cross-sectional view of an ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a front view of the ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A side cross-sectional view of an ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transmitting antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a front view of the ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transmitting antenna in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transceiver antenna system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Description of reference numerals:

[0034] 101-first spectrum receiver; 102-first Fresnel parabola antenna; 103-first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group; 104-first lens group; 105-second spectrum receiver; 1041-first convex lens; 1042-first concave lens; 201-spectrum transmitter; 202-second Fresnel parabola antenna; 203-second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group; 204-second lens group; 205-third spectrum receiver; 2041-second convex lens; 2042-second concave lens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0039] At present, conventional monopole, dipole, conical antenna, butterfly antenna and array antenna in radar antenna generally have the following problems:

[0040] 1. Low energy efficiency;

[0041] 2. It is difficult to control the pulse shape;

[0042] 3. It is difficult to maintain accurate PRF (repetitive pulse frequency);

[0043] 4. It is difficult to avoid interference with neighboring receivers;

[0044] 5. The operating frequency and bandwidth of the transceiver antenna are low;

[0045] 6. The antenna is too large and too heavy.

[0046] The above problems restrict the high-end application and development of conventional radars. Based on this, the embodiments of the present invention provide an ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna, transmitting antenna and antenna system to completely solve the above problems. It can achieve reception and transmission of spectrum in the range of 780nm to 5000μm with more excellent parameters and performance, which is the main development direction of the next generation of high-tech radar antennas.

[0047] The embodiment of the present invention provides an ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a first spectrum receiver, a first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring belt group, a first Fresnel parabola antenna, a first lens group and a second spectrum receiver which are sequentially arranged along the incident direction of the target spectrum; the first spectrum receiver is suitable for receiving spectrum information of a first preset band, the second spectrum receiver is suitable for receiving spectrum information of a second preset band, and the band of the target spectrum includes the first preset band and the second preset band; the concave surface of the first Fresnel parabola antenna faces the first spectrum receiver, and the first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring belt group is arranged in the full aperture area of ​​the first Fresnel parabola antenna; the first Fresnel parabola antenna and the first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring belt group are used together to reflect and focus the spectrum information of the first preset band on the detection end face of the first spectrum receiver, and transmit the spectrum information of the second preset band into the first lens group; the first lens group is used to focus the spectrum information of the second preset band on the detection end face of the second spectrum receiver.

[0048] Exemplarily, the target spectrum is a full spectrum of 780nm to 5000μm, the first preset band ranges from 1000μm to 5000μm, and the second preset band ranges from 780nm to 1000μm. The target spectrum, the first preset band, and the second band can be adjusted according to actual needs. For example, the target spectrum can also be a band of 680nm to 6000μm, and correspondingly, the first preset band ranges from 1000μm to 6000μm, and the second preset band ranges from 680nm to 1000μm.

[0049] Taking the full spectrum of the target spectrum from 780nm to 5000μm as an example, it enters the ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna from the spectrum input window, and is bandpass signal processed by the first Fresnel parabola antenna and the first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring belt group, wherein the spectrum information within the range of 1000nm to 5000μm is focused and imaged in the first spectrum receiver by the first Fresnel parabola antenna and the first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring belt group. The spectrum information within the range of 780nm to 1000μm passes through the first Fresnel parabola antenna and the first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring belt group and enters the first lens group, and then is focused and imaged in the second spectrum receiver. At this point, the spectrum information within the range of 780nm to 1000μm and the spectrum information within the range of 1000μm to 5000μm, the two-way combination completes the reception and digital and analog signal processing of the ultra-wide spectrum signal 780nm to 5000μm full spectrum information.

[0050] Specifically, the first spectrum receiver is located at the front end of the ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna, and its detection end face faces the first Fresnel parabola antenna. The first spectrum receiver is located at the end of the ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna, and its detection end face faces the first lens group.

[0051] The first spectrum receiver and the second spectrum receiver both adopt SPAD receivers, which are respectively suitable for receiving spectrum information in the range of 1000 μm to 5000 μm and spectrum information in the range of 780 nm to 1000 μm.

[0052] An ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention reflects and focuses spectrum information of a first preset band on a detection end face of a first spectrum receiver through a first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group and a first Fresnel parabolic antenna, transmits spectrum information of a second preset band into a first lens group, and the spectrum information of the second preset band is focused on the detection end face of a second spectrum receiver through the first lens group, so that a target spectrum can be divided into two bands and received by two corresponding spectrum receivers. The input target spectrum is filtered and frequency-selected by the first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group, so that ultra-wide spectrum reception of a radar antenna is realized, the operating frequency and bandwidth of the radar antenna are improved, and thus the energy efficiency is improved, and information processing can be performed efficiently.

[0053] At the same time, the receiving structure of the antenna is conducive to the formation of a narrow antenna beam. The narrow antenna beam can obtain a small angular tracking root mean square error and is not susceptible to electronic interference. The narrow radar beam reduces interference to friendly receivers and the chance of injecting energy into the radar digital main beam, thereby reducing the radar's sensitivity to interference.

[0054] In one embodiment, the first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring-shaped microstrip group includes a plurality of composite comb-shaped microstrips with multiple curvatures, multiple radii, and multiple layers of reflection / transmission surface combinations.

[0055] Specifically, a first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring-shaped band group is designed and manufactured within the full-aperture area of ​​a first Fresnel parabola antenna, the composition of which includes multi-curvature, multi-radius, multi-combination reflection / transmission surface types, a variety of composite comb-shaped microstrips, etc., and a variety of composite comb-shaped microstrips with multi-curvature, multi-radius, and multi-layer reflection / transmission surface type combinations are manufactured on the inner surface of the first Fresnel parabola antenna through multiple dielectric deposition, photolithography, magnetron sputtering and other processes to form a first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring-shaped band group.

[0056] In this embodiment, the first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group adopts an embedded structure, which can realize the high-efficiency reception and transmission of ultra-wide spectrum signals of the radar antenna; and because of its special structure, it can greatly reduce the volume of the radar, thereby achieving the purpose of small size and light weight of the radar; at the same time, the ultra-wide spectrum information input by the radar antenna is filtered and frequency selected by the first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group to realize the ultra-wide spectrum of the radar receiving antenna, improve energy efficiency, and enable efficient information processing.

[0057] In one embodiment, the first lens group includes a first convex lens and a first concave lens which are sequentially arranged after the first Fresnel parabola antenna.

[0058] Furthermore, the first convex lens and the first concave lens are both high-order aspheric embedded lenses. The first convex lens and the first concave lens and a dielectric material with a special dielectric constant and a high refractive index form the first lens group of the embedded aspheric surface, which can reduce the volume of the receiving antenna and has better optical performance due to the use of aspheric lenses.

[0059] The embodiment of the present invention also provides an ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transmitting antenna, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it includes: a spectrum transmitter, a second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring belt group, a second Fresnel parabola antenna, a second lens group and a third spectrum receiver which are sequentially arranged in the opposite direction of the target spectrum emission direction; the concave surface of the second Fresnel parabola antenna faces the spectrum transmitter, the second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring belt group is arranged in the full aperture area of ​​the second Fresnel parabola antenna, and the third spectrum receiver is suitable for receiving spectrum information of the band where the target spectrum is located; the spectrum transmitter is used to transmit the target spectrum toward the second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring belt group and the second Fresnel parabola antenna; the second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring belt group and the second Fresnel parabola antenna are used together to beam shape the target spectrum, reflect and collimate the main component of the target spectrum and then output it through the spectrum output window, transmit and collimate the backscattered component of the target spectrum and then enter the second lens group; the second lens group is used to focus the backscattered component of the target spectrum on the detection end face of the third spectrum receiver.

[0060] Exemplarily, the target spectrum is the full spectrum from 780 nm to 5000 μm. The target spectrum can be adjusted according to actual needs, for example, the target spectrum can also be the band from 680 nm to 6000 μm.

[0061] Taking the full spectrum of the target spectrum from 780nm to 5000μm as an example, the third spectrum receiver generates the target spectrum from 780nm to 5000μm, and the target spectrum from 780nm to 5000μm is processed by digital controllable beam and intelligent adaptive synthetic aperture through the second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring group and the second Fresnel parabola antenna, and the main components of the target spectrum are emitted through the spectrum output window to form the array unit beam signal when the active and spatial time-scale modes are working. The backscattered components of the target spectrum are focused to the detection end face of the third spectrum receiver through the second lens group, and are collected and processed by the third spectrum receiver with a detection range of 780nm to 5000μm to realize dynamic sampling of the output lobe, and the output lobe is dynamically sampled and provided to the intelligent control and beam analysis unit to realize intelligent adjustment and control of the full digital synthetic aperture.

[0062] Correspondingly, the third spectrum receiver adopts a SPAD receiver, which is suitable for receiving spectrum information in the range of 780nm to 5000μm.

[0063] An ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transmitting antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention transmits the main component of the target spectrum through a second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group and a second Fresnel parabola antenna, and simultaneously focuses the backscattered component of the target spectrum to the detection end face of a third spectrum receiver through a second lens group, and collects and processes the backscattered component through the third spectrum receiver to realize dynamic sampling of the output lobe, and can sample the lobe value output by the second Fresnel parabola antenna and provide it to a host intelligent control and beam analysis unit, thereby realizing intelligent adjustment and control of the full digital synthetic aperture, and facilitating the maintenance of accurate PRF and control of the pulse shape.

[0064] At the same time, the transmitting structure of the antenna is conducive to the formation of a narrow antenna beam. The narrow antenna beam can obtain a small angular tracking root mean square error and is not susceptible to electronic interference. The narrow radar beam reduces interference to friendly receivers and the chance of injecting energy into the radar digital main beam, thereby reducing the radar's sensitivity to interference.

[0065] In one embodiment, the second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring-shaped microstrip group includes a plurality of composite comb-shaped microstrips with multiple curvatures, multiple radii, and multiple layers of reflection / transmission surface combinations.

[0066] Specifically, a second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group is designed and manufactured in the full aperture area of ​​the second Fresnel parabola antenna, and its composition includes multiple curvatures, multiple radii, multiple combinations of reflection / transmission surface types, multiple composite comb-shaped microstrips, etc. Multiple composite comb-shaped microstrips with multiple curvatures, multiple radii, and multiple layers of reflection / transmission surface types are manufactured on the inner surface of the second Fresnel parabola antenna through multiple dielectric deposition, photolithography, magnetron sputtering and other processes to form the second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group.

[0067] In this embodiment, the second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group adopts an embedded structure, which can realize the high-efficiency reception and transmission of ultra-wide spectrum signals of the radar antenna; and because of its special structure, it can greatly reduce the volume of the radar, thereby achieving the purpose of small size and light weight of the radar; at the same time, the ultra-wide spectrum information input by the radar antenna is filtered and frequency selected by the second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group to realize the ultra-wide spectrum of the radar transmitting antenna, improve energy efficiency, and enable efficient information processing.

[0068] In one embodiment, the second lens group includes a second convex lens and a second concave lens which are sequentially arranged after the second Fresnel parabola antenna.

[0069] Furthermore, the second convex lens and the second concave lens are both high-order aspheric embedded lenses. The second convex lens and the second concave lens and the dielectric material with special dielectric constant and high refractive index form the second lens group with embedded aspheric surface, which can reduce the volume of the receiving antenna and has better optical performance due to the use of aspheric lenses.

[0070] The embodiment of the present invention further provides an ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transceiver antenna system, comprising the ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna and the ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transmitting antenna as in the above embodiment.

[0071] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transceiver antenna system adopts an array structure. Each ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna or ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transmitting antenna is an array unit, which is combined into recognition modules of any resolution such as 768x768, 1024x1024, 768x1024, etc. according to the structural requirements of different uses. The ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transmitting antenna mainly provides signal output when working in active and time-scale modes, digital synthesis of multiple dynamic scanning lobes, etc.; the main function of the ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna is to collect radar information and receive full-spectrum signals under the allocation and scheduling of the controller, so as to detect 2D / 3D graphics and images in the airspace and dynamic data of various moving targets.

[0072] The parameter table of an ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transceiver antenna system designed in an embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0073] Antenna main performance index parameter table

[0074]

[0075] It can be seen from the above parameters that the ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transceiver antenna system of the embodiment of the present invention has the beneficial effects of the ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna and the ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transmitting antenna in the above embodiments, that is, the energy efficiency of the radar antenna is high, the transmission and reception of ultra-wide spectrum information in the range of 780nm to 5000μm is realized, the anti-interference ability to the friendly receiver is strong, the pulse shape and the repetitive pulse frequency are easy to control, and the overall size of the antenna is small and the weight is low. In addition, the ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transceiver antenna system can be divided into multiple transmitting arrays according to actual needs, each transmitting array can form an independent transmitting beam, and can also form an independent multi-beam reception. The narrow digital beam can control the side lobes and the directional pattern, and meet the requirements of high positioning accuracy and multi-target search and tracking.

[0076] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna, characterized in that: include: A first spectrum receiver, a first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring belt group, a first Fresnel parabola antenna, a first lens group, and a second spectrum receiver are sequentially arranged along the incident direction of the target spectrum; The first spectrum receiver is adapted to receive spectrum information of a first preset band, the second spectrum receiver is adapted to receive spectrum information of a second preset band, and the band of the target spectrum includes the first preset band and the second preset band; The concave surface of the first Fresnel parabola antenna faces the first spectrum receiver, and the first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group is arranged in the full aperture area of ​​the first Fresnel parabola antenna; The first Fresnel parabola antenna and the first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group are used together to reflect and focus the spectrum information of the first preset band on the detection end face of the first spectrum receiver, and transmit the spectrum information of the second preset band into the first lens group; The first lens group is used to focus the spectral information of the second preset band on the detection end face of the second spectrum receiver; the first Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group includes a variety of composite comb-shaped microstrips with multiple curvatures, multiple radii, and multi-layer reflection / transmission surface combinations.

2. The ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first lens group includes a first convex lens and a first concave lens which are sequentially arranged behind the first Fresnel parabola antenna.

3. The ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first convex lens and the first concave lens are both high-order aspheric embedded lenses.

4. The ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first preset wavelength band ranges from 1000 μm to 5000 μm, and the second preset wavelength band ranges from 780 nm to 1000 μm.

5. An ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transmitting antenna, characterized in that: include: A spectrum transmitter, a second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring belt group, a second Fresnel parabola antenna, a second lens group and a third spectrum receiver are sequentially arranged in the opposite direction of the target spectrum emission direction; The concave surface of the second Fresnel parabola antenna faces the spectrum transmitter, the second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group is arranged in the full aperture area of ​​the second Fresnel parabola antenna, and the third spectrum receiver is suitable for receiving spectrum information of the band where the target spectrum is located; The spectrum transmitter is used to transmit the target spectrum toward the second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group and the second Fresnel parabola antenna; The second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group and the second Fresnel parabola antenna are used together to perform beam shaping on the target spectrum, reflect and collimate the main components of the target spectrum and output them through the spectrum output window, and transmit and collimate the backscattered components of the target spectrum and enter the second lens group; The second lens group is used to focus the backscattered components of the target spectrum on the detection end face of the third spectrum receiver; the second Fresnel high-order harmonic ring band group includes a variety of composite comb-shaped microstrips with multiple curvatures, multiple radii, and multi-layer reflection / transmission surface combinations.

6. The ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transmitting antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second lens group includes a second convex lens and a second concave lens which are sequentially arranged behind the second Fresnel parabola antenna.

7. The ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transmitting antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second convex lens and the second concave lens are both high-order aspheric embedded lenses.

8. The ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transmitting antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The target spectrum ranges from 780nm to 5000μm.

9. An ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transceiver antenna system, characterized in that: It comprises the ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture receiving antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 and the ultra-wide spectrum Fresnel synthetic aperture transmitting antenna as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 8.

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