A calibration device for UAV imaging spectrometer

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of calibration of unmanned aerial vehicle imaging spectrometers and relates to a calibration device for an unmanned aerial vehicle imaging spectrometer, comprising: a shell, a diffuse reflection plate array, a positioning module, a wireless communication module, and a protective door motor and control module; any surface of the shell is fixed on a horizontal plane, and an electric protective door is provided on the other surface parallel to the shell, the diffuse reflection surface of the diffuse reflection plate array faces the side of the shell where the electric protective door is provided, the wireless communication module transmits the position of the diffuse reflection plate array obtained by the positioning module to a ground control station of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the wireless communication module transmits a first control signal sent by the ground control station of the unmanned aerial vehicle to the protective door motor and control module, thereby controlling the electric protective door on the shell to open, so as to calibrate the unmanned aerial vehicle imaging spectrometer using the diffuse reflection plate array, and after the calibration is completed, the wireless communication module transmits a second control signal sent by the ground control station of the unmanned aerial vehicle to the protective door motor and control module, thereby controlling the closing of the electric protective door.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of calibration of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imaging spectrometers, and in particular to a calibration device for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imaging spectrometer. Background Art

[0002] A drone imaging spectrometer is a high-precision sensor device mounted on a drone to acquire high-resolution spectral image data. During use, the drone's ground control station determines the drone's flight path and altitude based on the mission plan. The spectral imager decomposes the incident light into multiple bands using spectral filters or grating spectrometers of different wavelengths, capturing image data in each band. To ensure that the spectral data output by the drone imaging spectrometer accurately reflects the actual spectral characteristics of the target object, it is often necessary to calibrate the drone imaging spectrometer before use to correct for the effects of factors such as ambient lighting and temperature changes on the imaging effect.

[0003] In the prior art, a diffuse reflector is usually used to calibrate the drone imaging spectrometer. A diffuse reflector is manually placed, and the drone is controlled to fly at an appropriate height and angle to ensure that the imaging spectrometer carried by it can accurately align with the diffuse reflective surface of the diffuse reflector. The imaging spectrometer then images the diffuse reflector and collects data in different bands to obtain calibration information within the full spectral range. This calibration information is then transmitted back to the ground control station, which de-noises, corrects, and analyzes this calibration information to determine the spectral response characteristics of the imaging spectrometer. Finally, based on the spectral response characteristics of the imaging spectrometer, the output of the imaging spectrometer is adjusted until the spectral data it outputs can accurately reflect the standard spectral characteristics of the diffuse reflector, thereby ensuring that the calibrated imaging spectrometer can also output accurate spectral data during the actual measurement process. However, this method requires manual placement of the diffuse reflector in the test area each time calibration is performed, and the diffuse reflector is then retrieved and stored after calibration. This requires additional manual operation and management, increases human resource requirements, and cannot automatically calibrate the drone imaging spectrometer.

[0004] In summary, the existing UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device has the problems of complex operation, requiring additional manual operation and management, and being unable to automatically calibrate the UAV imaging spectrometer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art of the UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device, which are complex to operate, require additional manual operation and management, and cannot automatically calibrate the UAV imaging spectrometer.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a calibration device for an unmanned aerial vehicle imaging spectrometer, comprising:

[0007] The shell is a regular polyhedron, any one surface of which is fixed on a preset horizontal plane, and an electric protective door is provided on the other surface parallel to the surface;

[0008] A diffuse reflection plate array is arranged in the housing, and a diffuse reflection surface of the diffuse reflection plate array faces a side surface of the housing on which the electric protective door is arranged;

[0009] a positioning module, provided on the diffuse reflection plate array, for obtaining the geographical location of the diffuse reflection plate array;

[0010] a wireless communication module, disposed within the housing, and communicatively connected to the UAV ground control station, the positioning module, and the protective door motor and control module; configured to, when calibrating the UAV imaging spectrometer, send the geographic location of the diffuse reflection plate array to the UAV ground control station, receive a first control signal sent by the UAV ground control station, and transmit the signal to the protective door motor and control module; and, when calibration of the UAV imaging spectrometer is completed, receive a second control signal sent by the UAV ground control station, and transmit the signal to the protective door motor and control module;

[0011] The protective door motor and control module is arranged in the shell, and is communicatively connected to the wireless communication module and the electric protective door. It is used to control the opening of the electric protective door based on the first control signal, thereby calibrating the drone imaging spectrometer using a diffuse reflection plate array; and control the closing of the electric protective door based on the second control signal.

[0012] Preferably, the diffuse reflection plate array is composed of a plurality of diffuse reflection plates with different reflectivities arranged in an array.

[0013] Preferably, the reflectivity of the diffuse reflection plate array ranges from 8% to 99%.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a power supply module, which is arranged in the shell and connected to the positioning module, the wireless communication module and the protection door motor and control module, and is used to supply power to the positioning module, the wireless communication module and the protection door motor and control module.

[0015] Preferably, the power supply module is a solar cell or mains electricity.

[0016] Preferably, the positioning module is a GPS positioning module or a GNSS positioning module.

[0017] Preferably, the positioning module is arranged on a smooth surface of the diffuse reflection plate array.

[0018] Preferably, the housing is a waterproof housing.

[0019] Preferably, the waterproof grade of the housing is IP65.

[0020] The calibration device for the UAV imaging spectrometer provided in the present application includes a shell, a diffuse reflection plate array, a positioning module, a wireless communication module and a protective door motor and control module; wherein, any surface of the shell is fixed on a preset horizontal plane, and an electric protective door is provided on the other surface parallel to the surface, and the diffuse reflection surface of the diffuse reflection plate array is opposite to the side of the shell where the electric protective door is provided, the positioning module is used to obtain the geographical location of the diffuse reflection plate array, and the wireless communication module is used to transmit the geographical location to the UAV ground control station, and when calibrating the UAV imaging spectrometer, the wireless communication module transmits the first control signal sent by the UAV ground control station to the protective door motor and control module, and the protective door motor and control module control the electric protective door located on the shell. The door is opened, and the UAV imaging spectrometer is calibrated using the diffuse reflection plate array. When the calibration is completed, the wireless communication module transmits the second control signal sent by the UAV ground control station to the protective door motor and control module, thereby controlling the closing of the electric protective door; the present application integrates the calibration device in a shell, and uses the wireless communication module to realize the instruction transmission between the UAV ground control station and the calibration device, thereby completing the automatic calibration of the UAV imaging spectrometer, without the need for manual placement or recovery of the diffuse reflection plate, thereby realizing the automation of the UAV imaging spectrometer calibration process; at the same time, by arranging an electric protective door on the shell and controlling the opening or closing of the electric protective door, the aging or damage that may occur due to the diffuse reflection plate array being exposed to harsh environments for a long time is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below based on specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device provided in this application;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a diffuse reflection plate array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Description of the drawings: 1. Shell; 2. Electric protective door; 3. Diffuse reflection plate array; 4. Positioning module; 5. Wireless communication module; 6. Protective door motor and control module; 7. Power supply module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device provided in this application, which specifically includes: a shell 1, an electric protective door 2, a diffuse reflection plate array 3, a positioning module 4, a wireless communication module 5 and a protective door motor and control module 6.

[0027] The housing 1 is a regular polyhedron, any one surface of which is fixed on a preset horizontal plane, and an electric protective door 2 is provided on the other surface parallel to the surface.

[0028] The diffuse reflection plate array 3 is arranged in the housing 1 , and the diffuse reflection surface thereof faces the side surface of the housing 1 on which the electric protection door 2 is arranged.

[0029] For example, any surface of the shell can be fixed on a horizontal surface such as the ground or the roof. During calibration, the UAV ground control station controls the UAV to reach the location of the UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device, and ensures that the UAV imaging spectrometer is facing the side surface of the shell where the electric protective door is provided. By controlling the electric protective door to open, it can be ensured that the UAV imaging spectrometer is facing the diffuse reflection surface of the diffuse reflection plate array, and imaging is performed on it to complete the calibration.

[0030] The positioning module 4 is provided on the diffuse reflection plate array 3 and is used to obtain the geographical location of the diffuse reflection plate array.

[0031] The wireless communication module 5 is arranged in the shell 1 and is communicated with the UAV ground control station, the positioning module 4 and the protection door motor and control module 6; it is used to send the geographical location of the diffuse reflection plate array 3 to the UAV ground control station when calibrating the UAV imaging spectrometer, receive the first control signal sent by the UAV ground control station and transmit it to the protection door motor and control module 6; when the calibration of the UAV imaging spectrometer is completed, receive the second control signal sent by the UAV ground control station and transmit it to the protection door motor and control module 6.

[0032] The protective door motor and control module 6 is arranged in the shell 1, and is communicated with the wireless communication module 5 and the electric protective door 2. It is used to control the opening of the electric protective door 2 based on the first control signal, thereby calibrating the drone imaging spectrometer using the diffuse reflection plate array 3; and control the closing of the electric protective door 2 based on the second control signal.

[0033] The calibration device for the UAV imaging spectrometer provided in the present application includes a shell, a diffuse reflection plate array, a positioning module, a wireless communication module and a protective door motor and control module; wherein, any surface of the shell is fixed on a preset horizontal plane, and an electric protective door is provided on the other surface parallel to the surface, and the diffuse reflection surface of the diffuse reflection plate array is opposite to the side of the shell where the electric protective door is provided, the positioning module is used to obtain the geographical location of the diffuse reflection plate array, and the wireless communication module is used to transmit the geographical location to the UAV ground control station, and when calibrating the UAV imaging spectrometer, the wireless communication module transmits the first control signal sent by the UAV ground control station to the protective door motor and control module, and the protective door motor and control module control the electric protective door located on the shell. The door is opened, and the UAV imaging spectrometer is calibrated using the diffuse reflection plate array. When the calibration is completed, the wireless communication module transmits the second control signal sent by the UAV ground control station to the protective door motor and control module, thereby controlling the closing of the electric protective door; the present application integrates the calibration device in a shell, and uses the wireless communication module to realize the instruction transmission between the UAV ground control station and the calibration device, thereby completing the automatic calibration of the UAV imaging spectrometer, without the need for manual placement or recovery of the diffuse reflection plate, thereby realizing the automation of the UAV imaging spectrometer calibration process; at the same time, by arranging an electric protective door on the shell and controlling the opening or closing of the electric protective door, the aging or damage that may occur due to the diffuse reflection plate array being exposed to harsh environments for a long time is avoided.

[0034] Specifically, diffuse reflectors with different reflectivities can help calibrate the spectrometer's response to different reflection intensities, facilitating inspection and adjustment of the spectrometer's linear response to varying intensities. Furthermore, in actual applications, drone imaging spectrometers encounter target objects with varying reflectivities. Therefore, calibration requires the use of diffuse reflectors with varying reflectivities to better simulate and adjust the spectrometer's performance in real-world environments. Prior art calibration of drone imaging spectrometers typically involves manually selecting diffuse reflectors based on the required reflectivity. This is inconvenient and time-consuming, requiring manual calibration.

[0035] Based on this, in some embodiments of the present application, the diffuse reflection plate array 3 is composed of diffuse reflection plates with multiple reflectivities arranged in an array. By combining diffuse reflection plates with different reflectivities to form a diffuse reflection plate array, different calibration requirements can be met without the need to manually replace the diffuse reflection plates according to the calibration requirements.

[0036] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present application, the reflectivity of the diffuse reflection plate array 3 ranges from 8% to 99%.

[0037] Optionally, in some embodiments, the diffuse reflection plate array 3 may be composed of 1 to 5 diffuse reflection plates with different reflectivities, and the shape may be rectangular or square. The size of the diffuse reflection plate array 3 ranges from 1m*1m to 10m*10m.

[0038] For example, Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of a diffuse reflection plate array provided in a specific example of the present application. The diffuse reflection plate array is composed of three diffuse reflection plates with different reflectivities. The reflectivities of the three diffuse reflection plates are 10%, 50%, and 99%, respectively. The size of the diffuse reflection plate array is 5m*3m. The entire diffuse reflection plate array is composed of 5 1m*1m diffuse reflection plates with a reflectivity of 10%, 5 1m*1m diffuse reflection plates with a reflectivity of 50%, and 5 1m*1m diffuse reflection plates with a reflectivity of 99%.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments of the present application, the UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device also includes a power supply module 7, which is arranged in the shell 1 and is connected to the positioning module 4, the wireless communication module 5 and the protection door motor and control module 6, and is used to supply power to the positioning module 4, the wireless communication module 5 and the protection door motor and control module 6.

[0040] Optionally, the power module 7 is a solar cell or mains electricity. By providing the power module 7 to provide power support for the UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device, the execution of a long-term calibration task is ensured.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present application, the positioning module 4 is a GPS positioning module or a GNSS positioning module with a positioning accuracy of 0.1m. During the calibration process, the positioning module 4 sends the geographical location of the diffuse reflection plate array 3 to the UAV ground control station through the wireless communication module 5, so that the UAV ground control station controls the UAV to accurately reach the UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device, thereby ensuring that the UAV imaging spectrometer can be aligned with the field of view.

[0042] Specifically, since the diffuse reflection surface of the diffuse reflection plate array 3 is used to calibrate the UAV imaging spectrometer, in order not to affect the calibration accuracy, the positioning module 4 is set on the smooth surface of the diffuse reflection plate array 3.

[0043] Since moisture in the environment can cause changes in the material or layer of the diffuse reflection plate, affecting its spectral characteristics and reflectivity, and other pollutants in the environment falling on the diffuse reflection plate will also affect the calibration accuracy, therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the shell 1 in the UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device is a waterproof shell with a waterproof grade of IP65.

[0044] By integrating the diffuse reflection plate array, positioning module, wireless communication module and protective door motor and control module in a waterproof shell, during calibration, the positioning module obtains the geographical location of the diffuse reflection plate array, and the wireless communication module transmits the location information to the UAV ground control station. The UAV ground control station controls the UAV to fly to the location of the UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device, and at the same time sends a first control signal to the wireless communication module, which transmits the first control signal to the protective door motor and control module, thereby controlling the electric protective door on the shell to open, so that the UAV imaging spectrometer can be calibrated using the diffuse reflection plate array; after the calibration is completed, the UAV ground control station sends a second control signal to the wireless communication module, which transmits the second control signal to the protective door motor and control module, thereby controlling the electric protective door on the shell to close, thereby preventing the diffuse reflection plate array from being exposed to harsh environments for a long time and causing aging or damage.

[0045] The UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device provided in the embodiment of the present application can calibrate the imaging spectrometer in real time during the flight of the UAV, ensuring the accuracy of the spectral data, so that these high-quality spectral data can be better applied to multiple fields such as environmental monitoring, agricultural management, resource exploration and disaster response.

[0046] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A calibration device for an unmanned aerial vehicle imaging spectrometer, characterized in that: include: The shell is a regular polyhedron, any one surface of which is fixed on a preset horizontal plane, and an electric protective door is provided on the other surface parallel to the surface; A diffuse reflection plate array is arranged in the housing, and a diffuse reflection surface of the diffuse reflection plate array faces a side surface of the housing on which the electric protective door is arranged; a positioning module, provided on the diffuse reflection plate array, for obtaining the geographical location of the diffuse reflection plate array; a wireless communication module, disposed within the housing, and communicatively connected to the UAV ground control station, the positioning module, and the protective door motor and control module; configured to, when calibrating the UAV imaging spectrometer, send the geographic location of the diffuse reflection plate array to the UAV ground control station, receive a first control signal sent by the UAV ground control station, and transmit the signal to the protective door motor and control module; and, when calibration of the UAV imaging spectrometer is completed, receive a second control signal sent by the UAV ground control station, and transmit the signal to the protective door motor and control module; a protective door motor and control module, disposed within the housing, communicatively connected to the wireless communication module and the electric protective door, and configured to control the electric protective door to open based on the first control signal, thereby calibrating the UAV imaging spectrometer using a diffuse reflection plate array; The electric protection door is controlled to close based on the second control signal.

2. The UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diffuse reflection plate array is composed of a plurality of diffuse reflection plates with different reflectivities arranged in an array.

3. The UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflectivity of the diffuse reflection plate array ranges from 8% to 99%.

4. The UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a power supply module, which is arranged in the shell and connected to the positioning module, the wireless communication module and the protection door motor and control module, and is used to supply power to the positioning module, the wireless communication module and the protection door motor and control module.

5. The UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power supply module is a solar cell or mains electricity.

6. The UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning module is a GPS positioning module or a GNSS positioning module.

7. The UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning module is arranged on the smooth surface of the diffuse reflection plate array.

8. The UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing is a waterproof housing.

9. The UAV imaging spectrometer calibration device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The waterproof grade of the housing is IP65.

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