A planting method and device for improving yield of cotton and rape in saline-alkali soil

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of agricultural science and technology, and particularly relates to a planting method and device for improving the yield of cotton and rape in saline-alkali soil, which comprises a rack, a pair of support discs, support frames fixedly connected to the side edges of the support discs, a cover body installed on the support frames, a driving shaft, a rotary tiller assembly, and a power system of a tractor. The rotary tiller assembly is used to turn the rape into the lower layer of the soil as green manure, and a plurality of groups of the rotary tiller assembly are arranged on the driving shaft. The cotton and rape are interplanted in the cotton row of the saline-alkali soil, and the rotation mode of the two salt-tolerant crops is adopted, so that the consumption of specific nutrients by the soil is effectively dispersed, and the overall fertility and production capacity of the soil are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of agricultural science and technology, and particularly relates to a planting method and device for improving the yield of cotton and rape in saline-alkali soil. BACKGROUND

[0002] Saline-alkali soil refers to a type of land with extremely high salt content and alkaline pH value. Such an environment significantly limits the growth of most traditional crops, resulting in a decline in agricultural production capacity. Some salt-tolerant crops have been introduced, such as saline-alkali wheat, salt-tolerant rice, sorghum, cotton and rape, etc.

[0003] However, in practical applications, only a single crop is usually selected for planting. Such a single crop mode not only limits the long-term use of soil, but also leads to the single consumption of soil nutrients, further exacerbating soil degradation and ecological imbalance.

[0004] Therefore, the application provides a planting method and device for improving the yield of cotton and rape in saline-alkali soil. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve at least one technical problem raised in the background art.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the application to solve the technical problems is that the application provides a device for improving the yield of cotton and rape in saline-alkali soil, which comprises:

[0007] A rack, the rack comprises a pair of support discs, the side edges of the support discs are fixedly connected with support frames, and a cover body is installed on the support frames;

[0008] A drive shaft, the drive shaft is rotatably installed in the middle of the two side support discs at both ends, and one end of the drive shaft is in transmission connection with the power system of an external tractor;

[0009] A rotary tiller assembly, the rotary tiller assembly is used to turn the rape into the lower layer of the soil as green manure, the rotary tiller assembly is provided with multiple groups and is distributed on the drive shaft, the rotary tiller assembly comprises a fixed disc, the fixed disc is fixedly connected with the drive shaft, and multiple groups of blades are uniformly installed on the side walls of the fixed disc;

[0010] A cleaning assembly, the cleaning assembly is arranged on the inner side of the rack, the cleaning assembly is in one-to-one correspondence with the blades, and the cleaning assembly comprises cleaning knives, the cleaning knives are arranged in pairs, and the cleaning knives are used to clean the mud blocks and plant residues attached to the blades.

[0011] Preferably, the cleaning assembly further comprises L-shaped plates arranged in pairs, which are fixedly connected horizontally in the inner side of the support frame by bolts, extend towards the driving shaft, and are provided with connecting rods fixedly installed between the two L-shaped plates.

[0012] Preferably, a fixed rod is fixedly connected vertically on the side wall of the cleaning knife away from the driving shaft, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the L-shaped plate with the connecting rod as the center, the end of the fixed rod extends into the arc-shaped groove, and springs three are symmetrically installed on the upper and lower sides of the arc-shaped groove and pressed against the side edge of the fixed rod.

[0013] Preferably, an arc-shaped guide rod is fixedly connected in the middle of the arc-shaped groove, the springs three are movably sleeved on the arc-shaped guide rod, and a transverse groove is formed in the middle of the fixed rod along the axial direction.

[0014] Preferably, a fixed block is integrally formed on the side wall of the fixed disc, an installation groove is arranged in the middle of the fixed block, and the blade is fixedly installed in the middle of the installation groove by a bolt pair.

[0015] Preferably, a through hole two is formed in the upper position of the side wall of the end of the L-shaped plate close to the driving shaft, a movable rod is slidably installed in the through hole two, a spring two is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the L-shaped plate to reset the movable rod, the end of the movable rod is attached to the side wall of the cleaning knife through the spring two, the contact end of the spring two with the cleaning knife is provided in a round head shape, and a semicircular protruding rib is arranged in parallel on the outer side wall of the cleaning knife.

[0016] Preferably, the cover body is movably installed on the support frame by a hinge.

[0017] A planting method for improving the yield of cotton-oilseed rape in saline-alkali soil, which is applicable to the device for improving the yield of cotton-oilseed rape in saline-alkali soil, comprises the following steps.

[0018] S1, in early October, oilseed rape is interplanted in the cotton row in the saline-alkali soil;

[0019] S2, the oilseed rape seeds are harvested for oil pressing or the immature oilseed rape is turned over to the ground as green manure in April of the next year;

[0020] S3, the surface layer of soil and the oilseed rape are turned over to the lower layer by driving the driving shaft and the rotary tiller assembly through the power system of an external tractor in step S2.

[0021] S4, then planting cotton in saline-alkali soil, using rape as green manure to provide nutrients for cotton, while improving the fertility and soil physical and chemical properties of saline-alkali soil.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0023] 1. The planting method and device for improving the yield of cotton-rape in saline-alkali soil according to the present application adopts a rotation mode of multiple salt-tolerant crops in saline-alkali soil, which can effectively disperse the consumption of specific nutrients by soil, improve the overall fertility and production capacity of soil, and turn the surface layer soil and rape to the lower layer through the rotary tiller assembly, which can turn the soil for subsequent cotton planting and provide nutrients for cotton through rape as green manure to improve the yield of cotton, has obvious effect on improving the fertility of saline-alkali soil, and effectively improves the productivity of saline-alkali soil.

[0024] 2. The planting method and device for improving the yield of cotton-rape in saline-alkali soil according to the present application sets a cleaning assembly to clean the mud blocks and plant residues attached to the blades, sets a pair of cleaning knives to automatically clean the mud blocks and rape residues attached to the blades, and ensures the turning efficiency of the blades; in addition, the cleaning knives can be cleaned themselves, and the cleaning effect is better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 is a partial structure schematic view of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 is a structure schematic view of the cleaning assembly in the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 is Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic view of structure A in the present application;

[0030] Figure 5 is a structure schematic view of the rotary tiller assembly in the present application;

[0031] Figure 6 is a sectional view of the fixed rod in the present application;

[0032] Figure 7 is a method flow schematic view of the present application.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Drive shaft; 2. Frame; 21. Support plate; 22. Support frame; 23. Cover; 3. Rotary tiller blade assembly; 31. Fixed plate; 32. Blade; 33. Fixed block; 4. Cleaning assembly; 41. L-shaped plate; 42. Cleaning blade; 43. Connecting rod; 44. Adjusting nut; 45. Through hole one; 46. Spring one; 47. Through hole two; 48. Movable rod; 49. Spring two; 410. Raised ridge; 411. Fixed rod; 412. Arc groove; 413. Spring three; 414. Arc guide rod; 415. Horizontal groove. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0035] Example 1: As Figures 1 to 6 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a device for increasing cotton-rapeseed yield in saline-alkali land includes:

[0036] The frame 2 includes a pair of support plates 21, and a support frame 22 is fixedly connected to the side of the support plate 21. A cover 23 is installed on the support frame 22.

[0037] Drive shaft 1, with both ends of the drive shaft 1 rotatably mounted in the middle of the two side support plates 21, and one end of the drive shaft 1 being connected to the power system of an external tractor.

[0038] Rotary tiller assembly 3 is used to turn rapeseed into the lower soil layer as green manure. The rotary tiller assembly 3 has multiple sets of blades that are evenly distributed on the drive shaft 1. The rotary tiller assembly 3 includes a fixed plate 31, which is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 1. Multiple sets of blades 32 are evenly installed on the side wall of the fixed plate 31.

[0039] Cleaning component 4 is disposed inside the frame 2. The cleaning component 4 corresponds one-to-one with the blade 32. The cleaning component 4 includes cleaning blades 42, which are arranged in pairs. The cleaning blades 42 are used to clean the mud and plant residues attached to the blade 32.

[0040] When working, the rapeseed is interplanted in the field previously planted with cotton, and the rapeseed is harvested the next year for oil pressing, so as to increase the output value, or the immature rapeseed is turned over in April the next year as green manure, and the rotation mode of multiple salt-tolerant crops on saline-alkali land can effectively disperse the consumption of specific nutrients by the soil, improve the overall fertility of the soil, and improve the physical and chemical properties of the saline-alkali land soil. When turning over the soil, the rack 2 is movably installed at the rear of the tractor, the rack 2 is driven to move synchronously by the tractor, the driving shaft 1 is driven to rotate by the power system of the tractor, and the rotary tiller assembly 3 is driven to rotate, and the blade 32 turns over the surface layer of the soil and the rapeseed to the lower layer, which can turn over the soil for subsequent cotton planting and provide nutrients for the cotton by using the rapeseed as green manure, so as to improve the yield of the cotton, and the effect of improving the fertility of the saline-alkali land is obvious. In addition, during the process of turning over the soil by rotating the blade 32, mud or rapeseed residues may be attached to the two sides of the blade 32, which may affect the turning over effect of the blade 32. By arranging a pair of cleaning knives 42, the blade 32 can pass through the middle of the corresponding cleaning knife 42 during the rotation process of the blade 32. The two cleaning knives 42 are attached to the two side walls of the blade 32, so that the mud attached to the two sides of the blade 32 can be cleaned, and the rapeseed residues hanging on the blade 32 can also be cut. In this way, the attached matter on the surface of the blade 32 can be automatically cleaned, and the turning over efficiency of the blade 32 is ensured.

[0041] The cleaning assembly 4 further comprises L-shaped plates 41, which are arranged in pairs and are fixedly connected to the inner side of the support frame 22 by bolts in a horizontal manner. The L-shaped plates 41 extend towards the driving shaft 1. The cleaning knives 42 are arranged between the two L-shaped plates 41. A connecting rod 43 is fixedly installed in the middle of the two L-shaped plates 41. A through hole one 45 is formed in the cleaning knife 42. The connecting rod 43 slidably penetrates through the through hole one 45. A spring one 46 is installed between the cleaning knife 42 and the adjacent L-shaped plate 41. An adjusting nut 44 is threadedly connected to the side of the connecting rod 43 away from the adjacent L-shaped plate 41. When working, the L-shaped plates 41 are fixedly installed on the support frame 22 by bolts, so that the cleaning assembly 4 can be disassembled and replaced. In addition, by rotating the adjusting nut 44, the adjusting nut 44 can move transversely along the connecting rod 43, so as to drive the two cleaning knives 42 to move. At the same time, the spring one 46 cooperates with the cleaning knives 42 to enable the cleaning knives 42 to move left and right. Therefore, the distance between the two cleaning knives 42 can be adjusted as needed, so that the cleaning knives 42 are suitable for cleaning blades 32 with different thicknesses, and the application range is wider.

[0042] The cleaning knife 42 is fixedly connected with a fixed rod 411 on the side wall of the one end of the driving shaft 1, the L-shaped plate 41 is provided with an arc-shaped slot 412, the arc-shaped slot 412 is centered on the connecting rod 43, the end of the fixed rod 411 extends into the arc-shaped slot 412, the arc-shaped slot 412 is symmetrically provided with spring three 413 on the upper and lower sides, and the spring three 413 on the two sides is pressed against the side edge of the fixed rod 411; during operation, the blade 32 rotates clockwise to plough, when the blade 32 rotates through the middle of a pair of cleaning knives 42, the cleaning knife 42 at the bottom is in contact with the mud or the residual rapeseed, and an upward force is generated, at this time, the cleaning knife 42 rotates upward by a certain angle with the connecting rod 43 as the center, so that the cleaning knife 42 is inclined to contact the residual attachments, the cutting resistance is reduced, and the cutting speed is improved; the spring three 413 can play a buffering role, the damage to the fixed rod 411 is reduced, in addition, the cleaning knife 42 can be restored to the initial position, so that continuous work can be realized; and during the resetting process, the cleaning knife 42 swings up and down, which is helpful for cleaning the sundries attached to the cleaning knife 42.

[0043] The arc-shaped slot 412 is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped guide rod 414 in the middle, the spring three 413 is movably sleeved on the arc-shaped guide rod 414, the fixed rod 411 is provided with a horizontal slot 415 in the middle along the axis direction, and the arc-shaped guide rod 414 is movably arranged in the horizontal slot 415; during operation, the arc-shaped guide rod 414 is arranged to limit the spring three 413, so that the spring three 413 is more stable.

[0044] The side wall of the fixed disc 31 is integrally formed with a fixed block 33, the middle of the fixed block 33 is provided with a mounting slot, and the blade 32 is fixedly installed in the middle of the mounting slot through a bolt pair; during operation, the damaged blade 32 can be quickly replaced and installed.

[0045] The L-shaped plate 41 is provided with a through hole two 47 at the upper position of the one end side wall close to the driving shaft 1, a movable rod 48 is slidably installed in the through hole two 47, a spring two 49 for resetting the movable rod 48 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the L-shaped plate 41, the end of the movable rod 48 is attached to the side wall of the cleaning knife 42 through the spring two 49, the end of the spring two 49 in contact with the cleaning knife 42 is provided in a round head shape, and a semicircular protruding rib 410 is arranged in parallel on the outer side wall of the cleaning knife 42; during operation, when the cleaning knife 42 rotates upward, the protruding rib 410 on the side edge of the cleaning knife 42 lifts the movable rod 48, when the protruding rib 410 completely passes through the movable rod 48, the movable rod 48 is knocked on the side wall of the cleaning knife 42 through the rebound of the spring two 49, vibration is generated, sundries attached to the cleaning knife 42 are shaken off, and the cleaning effect is improved.

[0046] Embodiment two: as Figure 1As shown in the first embodiment, another embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the cover 23 is movably mounted on the support frame 22 via a hinge; during operation, the cover 23 is flipped open to allow for maintenance of the internal structure.

[0047] like Figure 7 As shown, a planting method for increasing cotton-rapeseed yield in saline-alkali land, applicable to the aforementioned device for increasing cotton-rapeseed yield in saline-alkali land, includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. In early October, rapeseed is intercropped in cotton rows on saline-alkali land;

[0049] S2. Harvest rapeseed the following year for oil pressing, or turn the immature rapeseed into the ground as green manure in April of the following year;

[0050] In step S3 and S2, the power system of the external tractor drives the drive shaft 1 and the rotary tiller assembly 3 to turn the surface soil and rapeseed to the lower layer.

[0051] S4. Then, cotton is planted in the saline-alkali land, and rapeseed is used as green manure to provide nutrients for the cotton, while improving the fertility and physical and chemical properties of the saline-alkali land.

[0052] Working principle: through the power system of the tractor drives the rotation of the drive shaft 1, and then drives the rotary tiller assembly 3, the blade 32 turns the surface layer soil and rape to the lower layer, which can turn over the soil, so as to facilitate subsequent cotton planting, on the other hand, the rape can be used as green manure to provide nutrients for cotton, so as to improve the yield of cotton, which has obvious effect on improving saline-alkali soil; in addition, during the ploughing process by rotating the blade 32, the mud or rape residues may be attached to the two sides of the blade 32, which may affect the ploughing effect of the blade 32, by setting a pair of cleaning knives 42, the blade 32 can pass through the middle of the corresponding cleaning knife 42 during rotation, the two sides of the cleaning knife 42 are attached to the two side walls of the blade 32, so that the mud attached to the two sides of the blade 32 can be cleaned, and the rape residues hanging on the blade 32 can also be cut, so that the attached matter on the surface of the blade 32 can be automatically cleaned, and the ploughing efficiency of the blade 32 is ensured; when the blade 32 rotates through the middle of the pair of cleaning knives 42, the cleaning knife 42 at the bottom is in contact with the mud or rape residues, and an upward force is generated, at this time, the cleaning knife 42 will rotate upward by a certain angle around the connecting rod 43, so that the cleaning knife 42 is inclined to contact the residual attachments, which can reduce the cutting resistance and improve the cutting speed; by setting the spring three 413, the buffering effect can be achieved, the loss of the fixed rod 411 is reduced, in addition, the cleaning knife 42 can be restored to the initial position, so as to realize continuous work; and during the resetting process, the cleaning knife 42 will swing up and down, which is helpful to clean the sundries attached to the cleaning knife 42; in addition, when the cleaning knife 42 rotates upward, the convex rib 410 on the side of the cleaning knife 42 will lift the movable rod 48, when the convex rib 410 completely passes through the movable rod 48, the movable rod 48 is pushed and knocked on the side wall of the cleaning knife 42 by the spring two 49, and the vibration is generated, so as to shake off the sundries attached to the cleaning knife 42, and the cleaning effect is improved.

[0053] The above front, rear, left, right, up, down are based on the drawings of the specification Figure 1 As a standard, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and the like.

[0054] In the description of the application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the application.

[0055] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for increasing cotton-rapeseed yield in saline-alkali land, characterized in that: Include: Frame, frame including a pair of support disc, the side of the support disc is fixedly connected with support frame, the support frame is installed with cover; Driving shaft, the driving shaft is rotatably installed in the middle of both sides of the support disc, and one end of the driving shaft is in driving connection with the power system of the external tractor; Rotary tiller assembly, the rapeseed is turned to the lower layer of the soil as green manure by the rotary tiller assembly, the rotary tiller assembly is provided with a plurality of groups and is distributed on the driving shaft, the rotary tiller assembly comprises a fixed disc, the fixed disc is fixedly connected with the driving shaft, a plurality of blades are uniformly installed on the side wall of the fixed disc; Cleaning assembly, the cleaning assembly is arranged in the inside of the frame, the cleaning assembly is one-to-one corresponding to the blade, the cleaning assembly comprises a cleaning knife, the cleaning knife is arranged in pairs, and the cleaning knife is arranged in pairs, and the cleaning knife is arranged in pairs. The cleaning assembly further comprises an L-shaped plate, the L-shaped plate is arranged in pairs, the L-shaped plate is fixedly connected in the inside of the support frame by bolts, the L-shaped plate extends towards the driving shaft, the cleaning knife is arranged between the two L-shaped plates, a connecting rod is fixedly installed in the middle of the two L-shaped plates, a through hole one is formed in the cleaning knife, the connecting rod slidably penetrates through the through hole one, a spring one is arranged between the cleaning knife and the adjacent L-shaped plate, and an adjusting nut is threadedly connected to one side of the connecting rod away from the adjacent L-shaped plate. The side wall of the cleaning knife away from the driving shaft is fixedly connected with a fixed rod, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the L-shaped plate, the arc-shaped groove takes the connecting rod as the center, the end of the fixed rod extends into the arc-shaped groove, spring three is symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the arc-shaped groove, and the two spring three is pressed on the side of the fixed rod. The arc-shaped guide rod is movably sleeved on the arc-shaped guide rod, and the horizontal groove is formed in the middle of the fixed rod along the axis direction. The side wall of the fixed disc is integrally formed with a fixed block, the fixed block is provided with an installation groove in the middle, and the blade is fixedly installed in the installation groove through a bolt pair. A through hole two is formed in the upper position of the side wall of the L-shaped plate near the driving shaft, a movable rod is slidably installed in the through hole two, a spring two is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the L-shaped plate to reset the movable rod, the end of the movable rod is in contact with the side wall of the cleaning knife through the spring two, the contact end of the spring two with the cleaning knife is provided in a round shape, and a semicircular rib is arranged in parallel on the outer side wall of the cleaning knife.

2. The device for improving the yield of cotton and rape in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover is movably installed on the support frame by hinges.

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