Method for domesticating mandarin fish fry

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for domesticating mandarin fish fry, comprising the following steps: 1) After releasing the fry, feed them naturally for one day, then stop feeding for one day, and then feed them live bait fish at a fixed point on the bottom of the pond for 1-2 days; 2) Feed them live bait fish and dead bait fish in a certain proportion, and feed them together for 2-3 days, feeding them once a day at sunset; during feeding, the proportion of dead fish is 5%-50% and gradually increases; 3) Feed them together with live fish, dead fish and feed for 2-3 days, feeding them once a day, gradually increasing the proportion of dead fish from 50% to 100%, while the amount of feed is 0.5-2.5% of the total weight of the mandarin fish in the pond, and gradually increasing, with the total amount of feed being 2.5-3.5% of the total weight of the mandarin fish in the pond; at the same time, continuously raise the feeding height to the water surface; 4) Stop feeding the bait fish and feed them with pure feed on the water surface, and domestication is completed after 1-2 days. This invention can increase the domestication rate of mandarin fish in a short time and can be widely applied to the artificial breeding of mandarin fish.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mandarin fish farming technology, and in particular to a method for domesticating mandarin fish fry. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the Huangshan stinky mandarin fish industry, the demand for mandarin fish is increasing, and mandarin fish farming is also emerging locally. The fish species used for Huangshan stinky mandarin fish is the large-sized mandarin fish (Ctenopharyngodon spp.). Wild mandarin fish mainly feed on live fish and shrimp, refusing dead bait or formulated feed; they typically lurk at the bottom, waiting for prey to approach before attacking, and do not actively seek out prey. To acclimate the fish to surface feeding during the fry stage, thus reducing the cost of raising mandarin fish, the quality of the acclimatization methods directly affects the acclimatization time and, consequently, the growth rate when fed only formulated feed later. For example, Chinese patent application number 2019103173522 discloses a method for domesticating mandarin fish fry, including the following steps: S1: Selecting fry of suitable size and placing them in a domestication pond, with a fry size of 300-320 fish / kg; S2: Feeding the fry with live fish for three days; S3: Feeding the fry with a mixture of domestication feed and live fish for seven days; S4: Feeding the fry with a mixture of domestication feed and growth feed for ten days; S5: Feeding the fry with growth feed. This method has a long domestication time and does not disclose specific operational methods, making it ineffective for surface feeding. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing domestication method to accelerate the domestication process, shorten the domestication time, facilitate surface feeding, improve the mandarin fish's feeding enthusiasm, and ensure the growth rate of feed-fed fish. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for domesticating mandarin fish fry, which solves the problems of long domestication time and low domestication rate of existing domestication methods.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a method for domesticating mandarin fish fry, comprising the following steps:

[0005] 1) Stocking: Select 5-7cm long mandarin fish fry for acclimatization. Before stocking, pre-release live bait fish (30% of the fry's body weight) into the rearing pond to allow the fry to feed freely. Set up bait fish rearing frames in the rearing pond and place live bait fish in the frames to attract the fry to gather. Then, stock the pond with mandarin fish fry at a density of 800-1000 fry / m². 3 Put them into the breeding pond and let them feed freely for 1 day. Then stop feeding them bait fish and let them go hungry for 1 day. Then feed them live bait fish at the bottom of the pond for 1-2 days at the edge of the bait fish breeding frame. The amount of bait fish should be 15%-20% of the total weight of the mandarin fish in the pond to help them adapt to the pond environment and feeding location.

[0006] 2) Feed live and dead baitfish in a certain ratio and feed them together for 2-3 days. Feed them once a day at sunset to make them feel hungry. During feeding, the amount of baitfish should be 15%-20% of the total weight of the mandarin fish in the pond, and the proportion of dead fish should be 5%-50% and gradually increased.

[0007] 3) Mix live fish, dead fish, and feed together for 2-3 days, feeding once a day. Gradually increase the proportion of dead fish from 50% to 100%. At the same time, the amount of feed should be 0.5-2.5% of the total weight of mandarin fish in the pond, and gradually increase it. While increasing the amount of feed, reduce the amount of bait fish, gradually reducing the amount of bait fish from 20% to 5% of the total weight of mandarin fish in the pond. At the same time, continuously raise the feeding height to the water surface.

[0008] 4) Stop feeding baitfish and use pure feed on the water surface. Feed twice a day: once at sunrise, with the amount of feed being 0.8-1.2% of the total weight of the mandarin fish in the pond, and once at sunset, with the amount of feed being 1.8-2.4% of the total weight of the mandarin fish in the pond. The acclimatization will be completed in 1-2 days.

[0009] To improve the ease of domestication, the domestication pond includes a pond body, a baitfish rearing frame is set inside the pond body, a concealed structure for mandarin fish to hide under the baitfish rearing frame, and a feeding device with adjustable feeding height is set on the side of the baitfish rearing frame; the baitfish and feed are fed at fixed points through the feeding device.

[0010] To facilitate adjustment of the feeding depth and targeted feeding, the feeding device includes a feeding pipe, a feed storage tank located at the upper end of the feeding pipe, a feed hopper located at the upper end of the feed storage tank, and the feeding pipe includes a vertical pipe connected to the feed storage tank at its upper end and a horizontal discharge pipe connected to the bottom of the vertical pipe. One end of the horizontal discharge pipe is connected to a high-pressure water source or an air source.

[0011] To partially stun or kill the live bait fish when they are released, thus creating a feeding ratio of active and dead fish, the vertical tube is equipped with a cathode ring and an anode ring at both ends. The cathode ring and the anode ring are connected by wires to a pulse generator for outputting pulse signals and a pulse power amplifier for controlling the output voltage.

[0012] Preferably, the cathode ring is disposed at the end of the vertical pipe near the feed storage tank, and the anode ring is disposed at the end near the horizontal discharge pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, when feeding mandarin fish fry, the sounds of flowing water and dense fish activity are played to create a conditioned reflex in the mandarin fish to feed.

[0014] Preferably, the pulse waveform output by the pulse generator is a square wave with a pulse duty cycle of 15-50% and an output frequency of 0.05-10Hz. The output voltage of the pulse power amplifier is set according to the distance between the cathode ring and the anode ring, with an adjustment range of 4-10V / cm. The specific value is selected within the adjustment range according to the required ratio of live to dead fish.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: First, by using fixed-point feeding, the mandarin fish are accustomed to feeding at a fixed location. Then, by adjusting the ratio of live to dead fish, the mandarin fish gradually adapt to being fed with dead fish. Next, a combination of bait fish and feed is used, eventually leading to feed-only feeding. This method is rationally designed, has a good acclimatization effect, and a acclimatization rate of over 90%. The acclimatization pond used in this invention can achieve the aggregation of mandarin fish schools. Furthermore, the designed feeding device not only allows for feeding at different depths but also enables the soaking of feed and automatic control of the proportion of bait fish that are stunned, thus achieving a proportional feeding of live and dead fish among the bait fish.

[0016] The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a top view of the acclimatization pool in this invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bait fish farming frame and its feeding device in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] An embodiment of a method for domesticating mandarin fish fry includes improvements to the domestication pond and improvements to the mandarin fish domestication method using the domestication pond.

[0020] The improved acclimatization pond allows for the aggregation of mandarin fish and precise control over the feeding location, facilitating competition for food and promoting acclimatization. Furthermore, the improved feeding device not only enables targeted feeding of bait fish and feed but also allows for the stunning or killing of live bait fish in a specific ratio, resulting in a mixed feeding of live and dead bait fish. This effectively complements the method of this invention, enabling the feeding of live bait fish from the bottom layer to the surface feed layer, thus completing the acclimatization of mandarin fish to feed.

[0021] Specifically, the acclimatization pool is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the system includes a pond body 1, which is equipped with an aeration device 2, a water inlet 3, and a water outlet 4. Preferably, it is a cylindrical aquaculture pond with a diameter of 6-8 meters and a water depth of 1.2-1.5 meters. Water enters from the top of the pond body 1 through a water pipe and exits from the bottom. The water inlet 3 is located near the edge of the pond body 1, and the water outlet direction is along the tangent of the cylindrical aquaculture pond, thus facilitating water flow within the pond. The water outlet 4 is located in the middle of the pond bottom. The aeration device 2 has a conventional structure and will not be described in detail here. A baitfish rearing frame 5 is located below and in front of the water inlet 3. A net bag 51 is installed inside the baitfish rearing frame 5, and the baitfish are reared in the net bag 51. Rearing the baitfish near the water inlet increases the rearing density of the baitfish, thereby attracting mandarin fish. To ensure that the mandarin fish gather and stay below the bait fish, a concealed structure 7 for the mandarin fish to hide is provided below the bait fish breeding frame 5. The concealed structure 7 can be made of, but is not limited to, aquatic plants. Through the design of the above structure, the mandarin fish are kept together in one place for a long time, making it convenient to feed them and creating a situation where they compete for food.

[0022] To facilitate feeding, a feeding device 6 is installed on the side of the baitfish rearing frame 5 for feeding baitfish and feed. The feeding device 6 specifically includes a feeding pipe 61, a feed storage tank 62 located at the upper end of the feeding pipe 61, a feed hopper 63 at the upper end of the feed storage tank 62, and a discharge valve 68 at the bottom of the feed storage tank 62. The feeding pipe 61 includes a vertical pipe 611 whose upper end connects to the feed storage tank 62, and a horizontal discharge pipe 612 connected to the bottom of the vertical pipe 611. The height of the vertical pipe 611 is adjustable to facilitate adjusting the feeding depth during the acclimatization process. A multi-section telescopic rod structure is preferred; the structure can be referenced from that of a telescopic fishing rod. One end of the horizontal discharge pipe 612 is connected to a high-pressure water source or air source 613. The negative pressure generated by the force of the high-pressure water source or air source 613 can carry the bait fish or feed out of the vertical pipe 611 and out of the discharge port of the horizontal discharge pipe 612. The use of the horizontal discharge pipe 612 can accurately determine the water depth for each discharge, which is convenient for adjusting the feeding depth during acclimatization. At the same time, driven by the water flow, even dead fish and feed have a certain degree of fluidity, mimicking the swimming of live fish, which can meet the feeding habits of mandarin fish towards swimming fish. The feed storage tank 62 is equipped with a water inlet pipe 69 and a timer 610. After the feed enters the feed storage tank 62 through the feed hopper 63, water is injected into the feed storage tank 62 through the water inlet pipe 69 to soak the feed to the hardness required for mandarin fish to eat. The timer 610 is used to control the soaking time. After soaking, the discharge valve 68 is opened for feeding. Of course, the water inlet pipe 69 can be omitted, and water can be directly introduced through the feed hopper 63.

[0023] In order to stun or kill the bait fish scooped from the bait fish breeding frame 5 in a certain proportion, and thus feed the mandarin fish with a set ratio of live and dead fish, so as to change the feeding of mandarin fish from live fish to bait, the two ends of the vertical pipe 611 are respectively provided with a cathode ring 64 and an anode ring 65. The cathode ring 64 and the anode ring 65 are connected by wires to a pulse generator 66 for outputting pulse signals and a pulse power amplifier 67 for controlling the output voltage. The bait fish are stunned or killed by the electric shock of the pulse signal. Since fish have a serotoner response, that is, the habit of swimming towards the anode ring 65, the anode ring 65 is set at the end of the vertical pipe 611 near the horizontal discharge pipe 612, and the cathode ring 64 is set at the end of the vertical pipe 611 near the bait storage tank 62.

[0024] The pulse waveform output by the pulse generator 66 is preferably a square wave with a pulse duty cycle of 15-50% and an output frequency of 0.05-10Hz. The output voltage of the pulse power amplifier 67 is set according to the distance between the cathode ring 64 and the anode ring 65, with an adjustment range of 4-10V / cm. A specific value is selected within the adjustment range according to the required ratio of live to dead fish. The required ratio of live to dead fish is obtained by adjusting and controlling the pulse voltage during electric shock.

[0025] To enhance the feeding stress response of mandarin fish and create a collective feeding frenzy, the feeding device 6 is also equipped with a player 8 that plays the sounds of flowing water and dense fish activity, which can stimulate the mandarin fish to come out and forage for food.

[0026] The method for acclimatizing mandarin fish using the aforementioned acclimatization pond includes the following steps:

[0027] 1) Stocking: Select 5-7cm long mandarin fish fry for acclimatization. Before stocking, pre-release live bait fish (30% of the fry's body weight) into the rearing pond to allow the fry to feed freely. Set up bait fish rearing frames in the rearing pond and place live bait fish in the frames to attract the fry to gather. Then, stock the pond with mandarin fish fry at a density of 800-1000 fry / m². 3 Release the fish into the rearing pond and allow them to feed freely for one day. Then stop feeding them baitfish and let them go hungry for one day. After that, feed them live baitfish at a fixed point on the bottom of the pond for 1-2 days. The amount of baitfish fed should be 15%-20% of the total weight of the mandarin fish in the pond, so that they can adapt to the pond environment and feeding location.

[0028] 2) Feed live and dead baitfish in a certain proportion and feed them together for 2-3 days. Feed them once a day at sunset to make them feel hungry. During feeding, the amount of baitfish should be 15%-20% of the total weight of the mandarin fish in the pond, and the proportion of dead fish should be 20%-50% and gradually increased.

[0029] 3) Mix live fish, dead fish, and feed together for 2-3 days, feeding once a day. Gradually increase the ratio of dead fish to live fish from 50% to 100%. At the same time, the amount of feed should be 0.5-2.5% of the total weight of the mandarin fish in the pond, and gradually increase it. While increasing the amount of feed, reduce the amount of bait fish, gradually reducing the amount of bait fish from 20% to 5% of the total weight of the mandarin fish in the pond. During this process, continuously raise the height of the feeding point through the feeding device 6 until the water surface is reached for feeding.

[0030] The method for dispensing live and dead fish and feed in steps 2) and 3) above is as follows: Weigh the bait fish and pour them into the bait storage tank 62, add a certain amount of water, set the output voltage of the pulse power amplifier 67, turn on the power to the pulse generator 66 and the pulse power amplifier 67, then open the discharge valve 68 and start the high-pressure water or air source 613. The bait fish are partially stunned or killed as they move through the vertical pipe 611, and then fed to a designated depth through the horizontal discharge pipe 612, achieving targeted feeding. The feed can be pre-soaked in the bait storage tank 62 with water according to the feeding time. Soaked feed is easier for mandarin fish to eat and facilitates their digestion and absorption.

[0031] 4) Stop feeding baitfish and use pure feed on the water surface. Feed twice a day: once at sunrise, with the amount of feed being 0.8-1.2% of the total weight of the mandarin fish in the pond, and once at sunset, with the amount of feed being 1.8-2.4% of the total weight of the mandarin fish in the pond. After 1-2 days, the acclimatization will be completed. Reduce the amount of feed to keep the mandarin fish hungry, which will make them more likely to compete for food.

[0032] Control group:

[0033] The traditional method of domestication is used, which involves putting mandarin fish fry into the domestication pond and feeding them artificially on the water surface. The feeding methods are as follows: feeding live bait fish in sequence, feeding a combination of live bait fish and dead bait fish, feeding a mixture of live fish, dead fish and feed, and finally feeding them feed.

[0034] The domestication method of this invention and the method of the control experimental group are compared with the results shown in the table below:

[0035] Reference parameters This invention Control group Domestication days 7-10 15-18 Domestication rate 90.2％ 32.9％

[0036] As can be seen from the table above, the method of the present invention can significantly improve the domestication rate of mandarin fish and shorten the domestication time.

[0037] The present invention has been described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-described manner. Any non-substantial improvements made using the inventive concept and technical solution; or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for domesticating mandarin fish fry, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Stocking: Select 5-7cm long mandarin fish fry for acclimatization. Before stocking, pre-release live bait fish equal to 30% of the mandarin fish's body weight into the acclimatization pond to allow the fry to feed freely. Set up bait fish rearing frames in the acclimatization pond and release live bait fish into the frames to attract the fry to gather. Then, release the fry into the acclimatization pond at a density of 800-1000 fry / m³. Allow them to feed freely for one day, then stop feeding the bait fish and let them go hungry for one day. After that, feed them live bait fish at the bottom of the pond for 1-2 days, with the amount of bait fish being 15%-20% of the total weight of the mandarin fish in the pond, to help them adapt to the pond environment and feeding location. 2) Feed live and dead baitfish in a certain ratio and feed them together for 2-3 days. Feed them once a day at sunset to make them feel hungry. During feeding, the amount of baitfish should be 15%-20% of the total weight of the mandarin fish in the pond, and the proportion of dead fish should be 20%-50% and gradually increased. 3) Mix live fish, dead fish, and feed together for 2-3 days, feeding once a day. Gradually increase the proportion of dead fish from 50% to 100%. At the same time, the amount of feed should be 0.5-2.5% of the total weight of mandarin fish in the pond, and gradually increase it. While increasing the amount of feed, reduce the amount of bait fish, gradually reducing the amount of bait fish from 20% to 5% of the total weight of mandarin fish in the pond. At the same time, continuously raise the feeding height to the water surface. 4) Stop feeding baitfish and use pure feed on the water surface. Feed twice a day: once at sunrise (0.8-1.2% of the total weight of the mandarin fish in the pond) and once at sunset (1.8-2.4% of the total weight of the mandarin fish in the pond). The acclimatization will be completed in 1-2 days. The breeding pond includes a pond body (1), a bait fish breeding frame (5) is set inside the pond body (1), a hiding structure (7) for mandarin fish to hide is set below the bait fish breeding frame (5), and a feeding device (6) with adjustable feeding height is set on the side of the bait fish breeding frame (5); the bait fish and feed are fed at fixed points through the feeding device (6); The feeding device (6) includes a feeding pipe (61), a feed storage tank (62) located at the upper end of the feeding pipe (61), a feed hopper (63) located at the upper end of the feed storage tank (62), the feeding pipe (61) includes a vertical pipe (611) connected to the feed storage tank (62) at the upper end and a horizontal discharge pipe (612) connected to the bottom of the vertical pipe (611), and one end of the horizontal discharge pipe (612) is connected to a high-pressure water source or air source (613). The vertical tube (611) is provided with a cathode ring (64) and an anode ring (65) at both ends respectively. The cathode ring (64) and the anode ring (65) are connected by wires to a pulse generator (66) for outputting pulse signals and a pulse power amplifier (67) for controlling the output voltage.

2. The method for domesticating mandarin fish fry as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode ring (64) is located at one end of the vertical pipe (611) near the feed storage tank (62), and the anode ring (65) is located at one end near the horizontal discharge pipe (612).

3. The method for domesticating mandarin fish fry as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Playing the sounds of flowing water and dense fish activity when feeding mandarin fish fry can create a conditioned reflex in the fish to feed.

4. The method for domesticating mandarin fish fry as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse waveform output by the pulse generator (66) is a square wave with a pulse duty cycle of 15-50% and an output frequency of 0.05-10Hz. The output voltage of the pulse power amplifier (67) is set according to the distance between the cathode ring (64) and the anode ring (65), and the adjustment range is 4-10V / cm. The specific value is selected within the adjustment range according to the required ratio of live fish to dead fish.

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